FR2703635A1 - Motor vehicle with four-wheel drive - Google Patents

Motor vehicle with four-wheel drive Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2703635A1
FR2703635A1 FR9304004A FR9304004A FR2703635A1 FR 2703635 A1 FR2703635 A1 FR 2703635A1 FR 9304004 A FR9304004 A FR 9304004A FR 9304004 A FR9304004 A FR 9304004A FR 2703635 A1 FR2703635 A1 FR 2703635A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
gearbox
vehicle
engine
transfer box
clutch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9304004A
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French (fr)
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FR2703635B1 (en
Inventor
Dangel Henry
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to FR9304004A priority Critical patent/FR2703635B1/en
Publication of FR2703635A1 publication Critical patent/FR2703635A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2703635B1 publication Critical patent/FR2703635B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/04—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, transversely to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

This vehicle is designed to obtain better distribution of the masses (weight), facilitate access to the various components of the motive power unit and free up a maximum amount of useful space. To this end, the actual engine (30) is located transversely in front of the front axle (5) and the gearbox (33) as well as the transfer box (34) are placed between the front and rear axles. Application to four-wheel drive vehicles.

Description

La présente invention concerne les véhicules automobiles à quatre roues motrices. The present invention relates to four-wheel drive motor vehicles.

Dans de nombreux véhicules à quatre roues motrices, l'ensemble du groupe motopropulseur comprenant le moteur proprement dit, l'embrayage, la boite de vitesses et le cas échant une boîte transfert pouvant comporter un différentiel interponts, est disposé dans la partie avant du véhicule avec une orientation longitudinale ou transversale. Dans les deux cas, un tel groupe est relativement lourd et complexe et sa maintenance est difficile, car l'accès à certaines parties du groupe est particulièrement malaisé. In many four-wheel drive vehicles, the entire powertrain comprising the engine itself, the clutch, the gearbox and, if applicable, a transfer box which may include an inter-axle differential, is arranged in the front part of the vehicle. with a longitudinal or transverse orientation. In both cases, such a group is relatively heavy and complex and its maintenance is difficult, since access to certain parts of the group is particularly difficult.

Par ailleurs, la répartition des masses n'est pas satisfaisante puisque tout le poids de ce groupe motopropulseur complexe repose en grande partie sur l'essieu avant. Furthermore, the mass distribution is not satisfactory since the entire weight of this complex powertrain rests largely on the front axle.

On notera de plus que l'encombrement d'un tel groupe est important, de sorte que lorsqu'il est disposé avec une orientation transversale, la longueur du moteur lui-même est nécessairement limitée, ce qui peut empêcher l'utilisation d'un moteur à cinq ou six cylindres en ligne tandis que lorsqu'il occupe une position longitudinale il empiète sur l'espace utile avant. It will also be noted that the size of such a group is large, so that when it is arranged with a transverse orientation, the length of the motor itself is necessarily limited, which can prevent the use of a engine with five or six cylinders in line while when it occupies a longitudinal position it encroaches on the useful front space.

Le but de cette invention est de proposer une architecture de véhicule qui permette de résoudre les divers problèmes évoqués ci-dessus. The aim of this invention is to propose a vehicle architecture which makes it possible to solve the various problems mentioned above.

A cet effet l'invention a pour objet un véhicule automobile à quatre roues motrices comprenant un groupe motopropulseur comportant le moteur proprement dit, un embrayage, une boîte de vitesses, une boîte transfert, un différentiel pour l'essieu avant et un différentiel pour l'essieu arrière, caractérisé en ce que le moteur proprement dit est disposé en position trans versale essentiellement en avant de l'essieu avant, la boîte de vitesses et la boîte transfert étant disposées entre les essieux avant et arrière, un arbre de transmission étant prévu entre le moteur et la boîte de vitesses, et deux arbres de transmission étant prévus respectivement entre la boîte transfert et les différentiels des essieux avant et arrière. To this end, the subject of the invention is a four-wheel drive motor vehicle comprising a powertrain comprising the engine proper, a clutch, a gearbox, a transfer box, a differential for the front axle and a differential for the rear axle, characterized in that the motor proper is disposed in a transverse position essentially in front of the front axle, the gearbox and the transfer box being arranged between the front and rear axles, a drive shaft being provided between the engine and the gearbox, and two transmission shafts being provided respectively between the transfer box and the differentials of the front and rear axles.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques
- la boîte de vitesses et la boîte transfert occupent une position sensiblement centrale entre les essieux avant et arrière;
- la boîte de vitesses et la boîte transfert sont logées dans un carter unique relié au châssis par des supports élastiques;
- les axes des arbres de transmission sont contenus dans le plan longitudinal médian du véhicule;
- l'embrayage est disposé en bout du moteur;-
- l'embrayage est disposé à l'entrée de la boîte de vitesses.According to other characteristics
- the gearbox and the transfer box occupy a substantially central position between the front and rear axles;
- the gearbox and the transfer box are housed in a single casing connected to the chassis by elastic supports;
- the axes of the drive shafts are contained in the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle;
- the clutch is placed at the end of the engine; -
- the clutch is located at the entrance to the gearbox.

L'invention va être décrite plus en détails ci-dessous en se référant aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples et sur lesquels
- la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en plan de l'ensemble motopropulseur d'un véhicule selon l'invention;
- la Fig. 2 est une vue schématique en coupe suivant la ligne 2-2 de la Fig. 1;
- la Fig. 3 représente l'essieu arrière du véhicule; et
- la Fig. 4 est une vue partielle analogue à celle de la Fig. 1 d'une variante de réalisation.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, given only by way of examples and in which
- Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the drive train of a vehicle according to the invention;
- Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
- Fig. 3 shows the rear axle of the vehicle; and
- Fig. 4 is a partial view similar to that of FIG. 1 of an alternative embodiment.

Le véhicule représenté aux dessins et notamment aux Fig. 1 à 3 est un véhicule à quatre roues motrices 1, 2, 3, 4 comprenant un châssis C formé de longerons L et de traverses T relié par des suspensions à deux essieux avant et arrière 5, 6. The vehicle shown in the drawings and in particular in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a four-wheel drive vehicle 1, 2, 3, 4 comprising a chassis C formed of side members L and cross members T connected by suspensions to two front and rear axles 5, 6.

Dans l'exemple représenté, ces deux essieux sont rigides et les suspensions sont du type comprenant des triangles supérieurs avant 21 et arrière 22, des bras de suspension avant 23, 24 et arriere 25, 26 et des ressorts hélicoïdaux 27. In the example shown, these two axles are rigid and the suspensions are of the type comprising upper front 21 and rear 22 triangles, front suspension arms 23, 24 and rear 25, 26 and helical springs 27.

Bien entendu l'invention pourrait également s'appliquer à des véhicules à roues indépendantes et comprenant des suspensions de types différents. Of course, the invention could also apply to vehicles with independent wheels and comprising suspensions of different types.

De préférence, comme représenté à la Fig. 3, les essieux avant et arriere 5, 6 comprennent un pont 7, 8 et deux carters latéraux 9, 10 s'étendant de part et d'autre de ce pont et formant entre eux un angle obtus, de telle sorte que le pont se trouve à un niveau supérieur à celui des axes de roues. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3, the front and rear axles 5, 6 comprise a bridge 7, 8 and two lateral casings 9, 10 extending on either side of this bridge and forming an obtuse angle between them, so that the bridge located at a level higher than that of the wheel axles.

L'ensemble motopropulseur de ce véhicule comprend un moteur 30 qui peut être un moteur à cylindres en ligne ou en V et qui est disposé en position transversale en avant de l'essieu avant 5. Ce moteur est porté par le châssis, avec interposition de supports élastiques ou hydro-élastiques 11, 12, ces supports pouvant être de tout type connu dans la technique. The drive train assembly of this vehicle comprises an engine 30 which can be an in-line or V-cylinder engine and which is arranged in transverse position in front of the front axle 5. This engine is carried by the chassis, with interposition of elastic or hydro-elastic supports 11, 12, these supports being of any type known in the art.

Dans le mode de réalisation des Fig. 1 et 2, un embrayage 31 est disposé en bout du bloc moteur et l'arbre de sortie 32 de l'ensemble constitué par le moteur et l'embrayage est dirigé vers la partie centrale du véhicule. Dans cette même partie centrale sont disposées une boîte de vitesses 33 ainsi qu'une boîte transfert 34 qui peuvent être de toute construction connue et qui ne seront donc pas décrites en détails. In the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, a clutch 31 is disposed at the end of the engine block and the output shaft 32 of the assembly formed by the engine and the clutch is directed towards the central part of the vehicle. In this same central part are arranged a gearbox 33 as well as a transfer box 34 which can be of any known construction and which will therefore not be described in detail.

Cette boîte de vitesses et cette boîte transfert sont disposées côte à côte de préférence dans un même carter et sont reliées au châssis par trois supports élastiques ou hydro-élastiques 13, 14, 15 de tout type convenable.This gearbox and this transfer box are preferably placed side by side in the same casing and are connected to the chassis by three elastic or hydro-elastic supports 13, 14, 15 of any suitable type.

Il est prévu un arbre de transmission 35 entre l'arbre de sortie 32 du moteur et la boîte de vitesses 33, et deux arbres de transmission 36, 37 entre la boîte transfert 34 et, respectivement, des différentiels avant et arrière logés dans les ponts avant et arrière. De préférence les axes des arbres 36, 37 sont contenu dans le plan longitudinal médian M du véhicule.There is a transmission shaft 35 between the output shaft 32 of the engine and the gearbox 33, and two transmission shafts 36, 37 between the transfer box 34 and, respectively, front and rear differentials housed in the bridges front and rear. Preferably the axes of the shafts 36, 37 are contained in the median longitudinal plane M of the vehicle.

Bien entendu, les différents arbres de transmission sont munis de joints universels, par exemple des joints de cardan 40 ou des joints homocinétiques, des liaisons coulissantes étant également prévues pour autoriser les débattements des deux essieux moteurs. Of course, the various drive shafts are provided with universal joints, for example universal joints 40 or constant velocity joints, sliding links are also provided to allow the deflections of the two driving axles.

Comme connu en soi, la boîte transfert peut comporter un différentiel interponts. As known per se, the transfer box can include an inter-bridge differential.

Ainsi que cela ressort clairement des dessins, l'agencement selon l'invention permet de disposer le bloc moteur entierement en avant de l'essieu avant, ce qui autorise des débattements importants pour ce dernier et dégage un espace important permettant une position plus avancée du conducteur et du passager assis à l'avant. As is clear from the drawings, the arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to arrange the engine block entirely in front of the front axle, which allows significant deflections for the latter and releases a large space allowing a more advanced position of the driver and front seat passenger.

Par ailleurs, les deux sous-ensembles relativement lourds que constituent la boîte de vitesses et la boîte transfert sont disposés dans la partie centrale du véhicule, ce qui conduit à une meilleure répartition des masses. Furthermore, the two relatively heavy sub-assemblies which constitute the gearbox and the transfer box are arranged in the central part of the vehicle, which leads to a better distribution of the masses.

Les différents constituants de l'ensemble motopropulseur sont de plus facilement accessibles ce qui constitue un avantage important par rapport à un groupe motopropulseur compact. The various components of the power train are more easily accessible, which constitutes an important advantage compared to a compact power train.

On notera en particulier que les différents joints de cardan sont parfaitement accessibles, de même que l'embrayage disposé en bout du moteur, ou bien encore la boîte de vitesses et la boîte transfert. It will be noted in particular that the various universal joints are perfectly accessible, as is the clutch disposed at the end of the engine, or even the gearbox and the transfer box.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la Fig. 4, l'embrayage 41 est disposé à l'entrée de la boîte de vitesses 33, ce qui a pour effet de transférer une partie supplémentaire du poids dans la partie centrale du véhicule et également de dégager un espace supplémentaire dans la partie avant du véhicule. Cela peut permettre d'utiliser un moteur plus long, par exemple un moteur à six cylindres en ligne, ce qui est pratiquement impossible avec un groupe motopropulseur compact.  In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the clutch 41 is arranged at the input of the gearbox 33, which has the effect of transferring an additional part of the weight into the central part of the vehicle and also of creating additional space in the front part of the vehicle . This can allow the use of a longer engine, such as a six-cylinder in-line engine, which is practically impossible with a compact powertrain.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Véhicule automobile à quatre roues motrices (1-4) comprenant un groupe motopropulseur comportant le moteur proprement dit (30), un embrayage (31), une boîte de vitesses (33), une boîte transfert (34), un différentiel (7) pour l'essieu avant et un différentiel (8) pour l'essieu arriere, caractérisé en ce que le moteur proprement dit (30) est disposé en position transversale essentiellement en avant de l'essieu avant, la boîte de vitesses (33) et la boîte transfert (34) étant disposées entre les essieux avant et arriere (5, 6), un arbre de transmission (35) étant prévu entre le moteur et la boîte de vitesses, et deux arbres de transmission (36, 37) étant prévus respectivement entre la boîte transfert (34) et les différentiels (7, 8) des essieux avant et arrière. 1. Four-wheel drive motor vehicle (1-4) comprising a powertrain comprising the actual engine (30), a clutch (31), a gearbox (33), a transfer box (34), a differential ( 7) for the front axle and a differential (8) for the rear axle, characterized in that the actual motor (30) is arranged in a transverse position essentially in front of the front axle, the gearbox (33 ) and the transfer case (34) being arranged between the front and rear axles (5, 6), a drive shaft (35) being provided between the engine and the gearbox, and two drive shafts (36, 37) being provided respectively between the transfer case (34) and the differentials (7, 8) of the front and rear axles. 2. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boîte de vitesses (33) et la boîte transfert (34) occupent une position sensiblement centrale entre les essieux avant et arrière. 2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox (33) and the transfer box (34) occupy a substantially central position between the front and rear axles. 3. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boîte de vitesses (33) et la boîte transfert (34) sont logées dans un carter unique relié au châssis par des supports élastiques. 3. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox (33) and the transfer box (34) are housed in a single casing connected to the chassis by elastic supports. 4. Véhicule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé en ce que les axes des arbres de transmission (36, 37) sont contenus dans le plan longitudinal médian du véhicule. 4. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the axes of the transmission shafts (36, 37) are contained in the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle. 5. Véhicule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'embrayage (31) est disposé en bout du moteur (30). 5. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the clutch (31) is arranged at the end of the engine (30). 6. Véhicule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'embrayage (31) est disposé à l'entrée de la boîte de vitesses (33).  6. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the clutch (31) is arranged at the entrance to the gearbox (33).
FR9304004A 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 MOTOR VEHICLE WITH FOUR DRIVE WHEELS. Expired - Fee Related FR2703635B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9304004A FR2703635B1 (en) 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 MOTOR VEHICLE WITH FOUR DRIVE WHEELS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9304004A FR2703635B1 (en) 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 MOTOR VEHICLE WITH FOUR DRIVE WHEELS.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2703635A1 true FR2703635A1 (en) 1994-10-14
FR2703635B1 FR2703635B1 (en) 1995-07-07

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FR9304004A Expired - Fee Related FR2703635B1 (en) 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 MOTOR VEHICLE WITH FOUR DRIVE WHEELS.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0909670A2 (en) 1997-10-16 1999-04-21 Motor Sport Developments Ltd Power train assembly

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH490789A (en) * 1967-10-26 1970-05-31 Dechentreiter Maschf Josef Self-propelled loading wagon
FR2348078A1 (en) * 1976-04-18 1977-11-10 Kubota Ltd CIVIL ENGINEERING WHEEL DRIVE VEHICLE
EP0030120A2 (en) * 1979-11-29 1981-06-10 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Transmission apparatus for four-wheel drive motor vehicle
GB2168015A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-06-11 Rosenbauer Kg Konrad Transmission arrangement of service vehicle
US5162025A (en) * 1991-08-15 1992-11-10 Ford Motor Company T-drive powertrain assembly

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH490789A (en) * 1967-10-26 1970-05-31 Dechentreiter Maschf Josef Self-propelled loading wagon
FR2348078A1 (en) * 1976-04-18 1977-11-10 Kubota Ltd CIVIL ENGINEERING WHEEL DRIVE VEHICLE
EP0030120A2 (en) * 1979-11-29 1981-06-10 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Transmission apparatus for four-wheel drive motor vehicle
GB2168015A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-06-11 Rosenbauer Kg Konrad Transmission arrangement of service vehicle
US5162025A (en) * 1991-08-15 1992-11-10 Ford Motor Company T-drive powertrain assembly

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0909670A2 (en) 1997-10-16 1999-04-21 Motor Sport Developments Ltd Power train assembly
EP0909670A3 (en) * 1997-10-16 2000-08-02 MSD Special Vehicle Engineering Limited Power train assembly

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Publication number Publication date
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