FR2546263A2 - Method for obtaining hollow structures of large cross-section such as pipes, and structures thus produced - Google Patents
Method for obtaining hollow structures of large cross-section such as pipes, and structures thus produced Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2546263A2 FR2546263A2 FR8308168A FR8308168A FR2546263A2 FR 2546263 A2 FR2546263 A2 FR 2546263A2 FR 8308168 A FR8308168 A FR 8308168A FR 8308168 A FR8308168 A FR 8308168A FR 2546263 A2 FR2546263 A2 FR 2546263A2
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- Prior art keywords
- hollow structure
- elements
- section
- articulation
- structures
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
- E04H7/22—Containers for fluent solids, e.g. silos, bunkers; Supports therefor
- E04H7/24—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials
- E04H7/26—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete or other stone-like materials
- E04H7/28—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete or other stone-like materials composed of special building elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
- E04H7/22—Containers for fluent solids, e.g. silos, bunkers; Supports therefor
- E04H7/24—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials
- E04H7/30—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
- E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
- E04H9/12—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/22—Pipes composed of a plurality of segments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé dXobten- tion de structures creuses de grande section, telles que des conduits, des galeries, ou bien des réservoirs à parois verticales, etc., et elle se rapporte également aux structures ainsi obtenues. The present invention relates to a process for obtaining hollow structures of large cross section, such as conduits, galleries, or tanks with vertical walls, etc., and it also relates to the structures thus obtained.
Le brevet français No 81 21 510 décrit un procédé d'obtention de structures creuses de grande section, formées de coquilles constituées par des éléments longitudinaux pre- fabriqués correspondant chacun à une partie seulement de la section transversale de la paroi du conduit.Selon ce procédé, on effectue L'assemblage initial des éléments en les reliant entre eux tant longitudinalement que transversalement par des moyens permettant un déplacement relatif limité des éléments adjacents et en intercalant entre eux un joint dé- tanchéité en matière souple puis on procède ensuite à lfas- semblage définitif et rigide des éléments entre eux lorsque les terrains environnants et l'ensemble du conduit se sont stabilisés, L'assemblage initial des éléments entre eux est fait notamment à l'aide de boulons traversant au moins un des éléments ou bien en prévoyant sur chacun des bords des deux éléments des nervures sur lesquelles l'on place des moyens de blocage tels que des étriers rigides ou élastiques. French Patent No. 81 21 510 describes a process for obtaining hollow structures of large section, formed of shells formed by pre-fabricated longitudinal elements each corresponding to only part of the cross section of the wall of the duct. , the initial assembly of the elements is carried out by connecting them both longitudinally and transversely by means allowing limited relative displacement of the adjacent elements and by interposing between them a seal made of flexible material and then carrying out the assembly. final and rigid elements between them when the surrounding land and the entire duct have stabilized, The initial assembly of the elements between them is done in particular using bolts passing through at least one of the elements or by providing on each edges of the two elements of the ribs on which blocking means are placed such as rigid or elastic stirrups ues.
De tels systèmes dtassemblage donnent généralement de bons résultats, mais ils présentent parfois des risques de dé formations de la section de la structure creuse aussi bien dans les phases initiales d'assemblage qu'après terminaison du montage, sous l'effet d'une mauvaise répartition des efforts, surtout dans le cas de charges disymétriques. Such assembly systems generally give good results, but they sometimes present risks of deformation of the section of the hollow structure both in the initial stages of assembly and after completion of assembly, under the effect of poor distribution of forces, especially in the case of asymmetric loads.
L'invention a pour but de limiter ces risques à l'aide d'un procédé d'obtention de structures creuses de grandes sections, caractérisé en ce que, dans chaque coquille de la structure creuse, on relie les éléments longitudinaux préfabriqués par des moyens d'articulation dont les centres définissent, dans la section de la structure creuse, un polygone indéformable. The invention aims to limit these risks using a process for obtaining hollow structures of large sections, characterized in that, in each shell of the hollow structure, the prefabricated longitudinal elements are connected by means articulation whose centers define, in the section of the hollow structure, a non-deformable polygon.
Selon les modalités particulières de l'invention :
a) les moyens d'articulation sont constitués, sur un des éléments, par une moulure convexe, de profil approximativement demi-circulaire, qui est formé sur un des bords de jonction de cet éLément et, sur L'autre élément, par une rainure de profil concave correspondant, qui est formé sur son bord de jonction.According to the particular methods of the invention:
a) the articulation means consist, on one of the elements, by a convex molding, of approximately semi-circular profile, which is formed on one of the junction edges of this element and, on the other element, by a groove corresponding concave profile, which is formed on its junction edge.
b) les moyens d'articulation sont formés par deux ferrures fixées respectivement sur les bords d'assemblage des deux éléments adjacents et reliées entre elles de fa çon articulée par un axe. b) the articulation means are formed by two fittings fixed respectively on the assembly edges of the two adjacent elements and connected to each other in an articulated manner by an axis.
c) dans le cas ou la structure creuse est formée d'une traverse inférieure sur laquelle s'appuient des éléments préfabriqués, supérieurs, les moyens d'articulation entre la base d'un élément inférieur et la traverse sont constitués par une moulure formée sur la surface supérieure de la traverse, cette moulure comportant une face verticale qui est espacée d'un certain intervalle de jeu de la face verticale de terminaison de l'élément supérieur, Ledit intervalle étant ensuite rempli par une matière appropriée qui est introduite après mise en place définitive de la structure creuse. c) in the case where the hollow structure is formed of a lower cross member on which are supported prefabricated, upper members, the means of articulation between the base of a lower member and the cross member are constituted by a molding formed on the upper surface of the crossmember, this molding comprising a vertical face which is spaced by a certain clearance gap from the vertical termination face of the upper element, said gap being then filled with an appropriate material which is introduced after placing final position of the hollow structure.
d) dans le cas où la structure creuse doit être rendue étanche, on dispose à l'intérieur de ces structures une enveloppe, formée par exemple de tôles métalliques ou de matière plastique, cette enveloppe étant formée d'éléments qui sont assemblés de façon étanche par soudage ou par boulonnage avec joints d'étanchéité. d) in the case where the hollow structure must be made watertight, there is inside these structures an envelope, formed for example of metal sheets or plastic material, this envelope being formed of elements which are assembled in a sealed manner by welding or bolting with seals.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mis en évidence dans la suite de la description, donnée à titre d'exemples non limitatifs en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels
Fig. 1 est une vue en coupe schématique d'une structure creuse constituée de trois éléments articulés entre eux et formant un triangle indéformable.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be highlighted in the following description, given by way of nonlimiting examples with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a hollow structure consisting of three elements hinged together and forming a non-deformable triangle.
Fig. 2 est une coupe transversale d'une structure creuse se composant de cinq éléments reliés entre eux de façon articulée, cette figure mettant en évidence également des gabarits de montage. Fig. 2 is a cross section of a hollow structure consisting of five elements linked together in an articulated manner, this figure also showing mounting jigs.
Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe partielle d'une structure creuse à trois éléments montrant un mode d'agencement particulier des moyens d'articulation avec la traverse infé r i eu re. Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of a hollow structure with three elements showing a particular mode of arrangement of the articulation means with the lower cross member.
Fi g 4 est une coupe partielle transversale d'un autre exemple de réalisation d'une structure creuse comportant un joint articulé. Fi g 4 is a partial cross section of another embodiment of a hollow structure comprising an articulated joint.
Fig. 4A est une vue en coupe transversale' de détail du joint articulé de la structure de la figure 4. Fig. 4A is a cross-sectional view of detail of the articulated joint of the structure of FIG.
Fig. 5 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un dis positif d'articulation de deux éléments comportant des ferrures fixées sur les éléments respectifs et reliées entre elles par un axe d'articulation. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a positive articulation device of two elements comprising fittings fixed on the respective elements and connected to each other by an articulation axis.
Fig. 6 est une vue en perspective d'un dispositif d'articulation conforme à la figure 5. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an articulation device according to FIG. 5.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté en coupe transversale une structure creuse agencée conformément à la présente invention. Elle comprend un élément inférieur se présentant sous la forme d'une traverse et deux éléments supérieurs 2,3. Ces deux éléments sont reliés entre eux à leurs parties supérieures par une articulation 5 et ils sont reliés à l'é- liment inférieur 1 par des articulations respectives 4, 6. In Figure 1, there is shown in cross section a hollow structure arranged in accordance with the present invention. It comprises a lower element in the form of a cross member and two upper elements 2,3. These two elements are connected to each other at their upper parts by a joint 5 and they are connected to the lower element 1 by respective joints 4, 6.
L'ensemble forme une structure creuse de section indéformaa ble et dans laquelle les efforts, même disymétriques, sont parfaitement répartis.The assembly forms a hollow structure of indeformable section and in which the forces, even asymmetrical, are perfectly distributed.
Sur la figure 2, on a représenté en coupe transversale une structure creuse conforme à liinvention ayant une section de profil aplati à la base. Cette structure se com- pose de cinq éléments 7, 8, 9 10, 11 qui sont reliés entre eux par des articulations 12, 13, 14 15, 16. Une structure agencée de la sorte est indéformable après assemblage des éléments et elle permet également d'absorber parfaitement les charges s'exerçant sur elle. In Figure 2, there is shown in cross section a hollow structure according to the invention having a flattened profile section at the base. This structure is made up of five elements 7, 8, 9 10, 11 which are connected together by articulations 12, 13, 14 15, 16. A structure arranged in this way is undeformable after assembly of the elements and it also allows to perfectly absorb the charges exerted on it.
On note ici qu'une structure à plus de quatre élé- ments dans sa section doit, normalement, être mise en oeu vre avec une précontrainte circulaire totale ou partielle de façon à créer le nombre de points de moment nul nécessaires aux articulations. It is noted here that a structure with more than four elements in its section must, normally, be implemented with a total or partial circular prestress in order to create the number of points of zero moment necessary for the articulations.
On va maintenant décrire des moyens d'articulation des éléments entre eux. Sur la figure 3, on a représenté un mode d'agencement d'une structure creuse comportant une traverse 17 sur laquelle s'appuient deux éléments 18 Dans l'exemple considéré, ces deux éléments 18, sont reliés entre eux par un joint coulé 19 qui durcit après la mise en place et en outre ils sont reliés à leurs parties inférieures à la traverse 17, à l'aide d'un système réalisé de la façon suivante : on prévoit sur la surface supérieure de
La traverse une moulure 20. On profile l'element supérieur 18 de manière que sa face verticale inférieure 21 soit espacée de la face verticale de la moulure 20 d'une distance e définissant un intervalle de jeu.Ensuite on vient couler la surface supérieure de la traverse 17, après mise en place des éléments, un radier 22, qui recouvre la moulure et qui remplit l'intervalle de jeu, comme le montre la figure 3.We will now describe means of articulation of the elements between them. In Figure 3, there is shown an arrangement of a hollow structure comprising a cross member 17 on which are supported two elements 18 In the example considered, these two elements 18, are interconnected by a cast joint 19 which hardens after installation and in addition they are connected to their lower parts to the cross member 17, using a system produced as follows: on the upper surface is provided
Crosses a molding 20. The upper element 18 is profiled so that its lower vertical face 21 is spaced from the vertical face of the molding 20 by a distance e defining a clearance interval. Then the upper surface is poured the cross-member 17, after the elements have been put in place, a slab 22, which covers the molding and which fills the gap, as shown in FIG. 3.
Sur la figure 4, on a représenté en coupe transversale partielle une structure creuse selon l'invention comportant deux éléments inférieurs 23, 24 et un élément supérieur 25. Les deux éléments inférieurs sont reliés entre eux par un joint coulé 26 et ils sont en outre reliés à l'élément supérieur par deux joints articulés respectifs dont un est indiqué en 27. Dans l'exemple considéré, ce joint articulé 27 est agencé comme indiqué sur la vue en coupe de détail de la figure A, Ce joint comprend, sur les bords d'assemblage des éléments 23, 25, respectivement une moulure convexe 28 ayant une section approximativement en forme de demi-cercle et une rainure 29 ayant une section dont le profil est complémentaire de celui de la moulure 28. In Figure 4, there is shown in partial cross section a hollow structure according to the invention comprising two lower elements 23, 24 and an upper element 25. The two lower elements are interconnected by a cast joint 26 and they are further connected to the upper element by two respective articulated joints, one of which is indicated at 27. In the example considered, this articulated joint 27 is arranged as indicated in the detailed sectional view of FIG. A, This joint comprises, on the assembly edges of the elements 23, 25, respectively a convex molding 28 having a section approximately in the shape of a semicircle and a groove 29 having a section whose profile is complementary to that of the molding 28.
Il peut se révéler avantageux de prévoir qu'au moins une des deux moulures est renforcée , par exemple à l'aide d'un garnissage métallique qui la recouvre. It may prove advantageous to provide that at least one of the two moldings is reinforced, for example by means of a metal lining which covers it.
Il est possible d'envisager d'autres moyens d'art ticulatisn, comme indiqué par exemple sur les figures 5, et 6. Sur la figure 5, qui est une vue en coupe d'une ar- ticulation, celle-ci se compose, pour l'élément 30, d'une ferrure 32, réalisée en acier et qui est soudée sur des armatures dont une est visible en 33 et qui permettent son ancrage dans L'élément 30. Pour L'élément 31, il est prévu une ferrure identique 34 qui est soudée sur des armatures 35. Les deux ferrures comportent, dans leurs ailes orientees perpendiculairement à la face longitudinale de l'élé- ment, deux trous dans lesquels on vient emboîter un axe d'articulation désigné par 36 sur la figure 5. It is possible to consider other means of art ticulatisn, as indicated for example in Figures 5, and 6. In Figure 5, which is a sectional view of a joint, it consists , for element 30, of a fitting 32, made of steel and which is welded on reinforcements, one of which is visible at 33 and which allow its anchoring in Element 30. For Element 31, there is provided a identical fitting 34 which is welded onto reinforcements 35. The two fittings comprise, in their wings oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal face of the element, two holes in which a hinge pin designated by 36 in the figure is fitted. 5.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation, on a réalisé les ferrures en utilisant un plat en acier qu'on a plié pour former la bride de fixation et qu'on a soudé sur des armatures; on a ménagé dans les brides des ferrures un trou destiné å recevoir l'axe d'articulation. Le nombre des articulations à prévoir pour chaque joint est fonction des charges auxquelles doit résister ce joint. In the exemplary embodiment, the fittings were produced using a steel plate which was folded to form the fixing flange and which was welded onto reinforcements; a hole has been made in the flanges of the fittings for receiving the hinge pin. The number of joints to be provided for each joint depends on the loads which this joint must withstand.
Pour le montage de coquilles de structures creuses, comportant plus de trois éléments, il est approprié d'utiliser un gabarit de montage. Celui illustré par la figure 2 se compose de deux éléments 37A, 37B, placés l'un sur l'autre portés par des vérins 38 et dont les arêtes supérieures définissent Le contour de section de la structure. La figure 2 montre en outre des longrines porteuses, désignées par 39. For mounting hollow structure shells, comprising more than three elements, it is appropriate to use a mounting template. The one illustrated in FIG. 2 consists of two elements 37A, 37B, placed one on the other carried by jacks 38 and whose upper edges define the sectional outline of the structure. FIG. 2 also shows load-bearing sills, designated by 39.
Lorsque La structure creuse doit être rendue é- tanche, il est possible, une fois que les éléments du conduit ont été mis enplace et maintenus par Les axes d'articulation, de combler les vides entre éléments avec par exemple du bétassprojeté, du brai ou du mastic, cette opération pouvant être également exécutée après réalisation des remblais auquel cas il suffit de coffrer la face externe de la structure au au moyen d'une plaque ou d'une feuille suffisamment rigide. Egalement dans d'autres cas, il est possible de réaliser après terminaison de l'assemblage de ta structure, à l'intérieur de cel- leoci, une enveloppe formée par exemple d'éléments de tôles ou de matières plastiques qui sont fixés ensemble par soudage ou par boulonnage étanche. When the hollow structure must be made watertight, it is possible, once the elements of the duct have been put in place and maintained by the hinge pins, to fill the gaps between elements with, for example, projected concrete, pitch or putty, this operation can also be performed after completion of the embankments in which case it is sufficient to form the external face of the structure by means of a sufficiently rigid plate or sheet. Also in other cases, it is possible to produce, after completion of the assembly of your structure, inside of this, a casing formed for example of sheet metal or plastic elements which are fixed together by welding or tight bolting.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisations décrits ci-dessus, à partir desquels on pourra envisager d'autres modifications et variantes tout en restant dans le cadre de l'invention Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above, from which we can envisage other modifications and variants while remaining within the scope of the invention
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8308168A FR2546263B2 (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1983-05-17 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING HOLLOW STRUCTURES OF LARGE SECTION SUCH AS DUCTS, AND STRUCTURES THUS PRODUCED |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8121510A FR2516630B1 (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1981-11-17 | METHOD FOR OBTAINING CONDUITS BY ASSEMBLY OF PREPARED ELEMENTS, ELEMENTS USED AND CONDUIT OBTAINED |
| FR8308168A FR2546263B2 (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1983-05-17 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING HOLLOW STRUCTURES OF LARGE SECTION SUCH AS DUCTS, AND STRUCTURES THUS PRODUCED |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2546263A2 true FR2546263A2 (en) | 1984-11-23 |
| FR2546263B2 FR2546263B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 |
Family
ID=9264081
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8121510A Expired FR2516630B1 (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1981-11-17 | METHOD FOR OBTAINING CONDUITS BY ASSEMBLY OF PREPARED ELEMENTS, ELEMENTS USED AND CONDUIT OBTAINED |
| FR8308168A Expired FR2546263B2 (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1983-05-17 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING HOLLOW STRUCTURES OF LARGE SECTION SUCH AS DUCTS, AND STRUCTURES THUS PRODUCED |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8121510A Expired FR2516630B1 (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1981-11-17 | METHOD FOR OBTAINING CONDUITS BY ASSEMBLY OF PREPARED ELEMENTS, ELEMENTS USED AND CONDUIT OBTAINED |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (2) | FR2516630B1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA828374B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2647486A1 (en) * | 1989-05-23 | 1990-11-30 | Tuyaux Bonna | Reinforced concrete arch duct |
| CN108049891A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 东北大学 | For building the rectangular steel pipe support system of underground engineering with shallow and its construction method |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108661395A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-16 | 刘全义 | Assembled spherical shape storehouse and its method of construction |
| CN113236290A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-10 | 中铁三局集团第二工程有限公司 | Construction process of steel frame mold for tunnel portal arch protection section |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH93198A (en) * | 1920-05-17 | 1922-02-16 | Fornerod Eugene | Part in the form of a pipe, made of a material such as reinforced cement, reinforced concrete etc., and method for its construction. |
| GB512585A (en) * | 1938-04-14 | 1939-09-20 | Frank Bycroft Keall | Improvements in or relating to air raid shelters, and sections and parts thereof |
| FR935451A (en) * | 1946-10-30 | 1948-06-18 | Sewer construction system | |
| DE1016922B (en) * | 1952-04-10 | 1957-10-03 | Draegerwerk Ag | Expansion of the air raid shelter |
| DE1951445B1 (en) * | 1969-10-13 | 1970-10-22 | Steinzeug Und Kunststoffwarenf | Large, double-walled sewerage pipe made of thermoplastic material that can be loaded from the outside |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB354529A (en) * | 1930-07-23 | 1931-08-13 | Commercial Shearing | Improvements in or relating to liners for tunnels or like purposes |
| CH168808A (en) * | 1933-07-06 | 1934-04-30 | Bertrams Ag Hch | Sheet metal piping element. |
| US2400071A (en) * | 1945-03-21 | 1946-05-14 | Bull Anders | Tunnel lining |
| GB873248A (en) * | 1957-03-06 | 1961-07-19 | Karl Lehmann | Ring linings for mine galleries |
| AT300883B (en) * | 1969-02-06 | 1972-08-10 | Davum Fa | Arched planar structure, especially tube |
| BE790725A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-02-15 | Armco Thyssen | TUBE MADE FROM CORRUGATED SHEET SHELLS |
| FR2354502A1 (en) * | 1976-06-08 | 1978-01-06 | Habib Pierre | Multi-plate corrugated metal pipe for culverts - has slotted holes for inter plate connecting bolts permitting circumferential yield |
-
1981
- 1981-11-17 FR FR8121510A patent/FR2516630B1/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-11-15 ZA ZA828374A patent/ZA828374B/en unknown
-
1983
- 1983-05-17 FR FR8308168A patent/FR2546263B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH93198A (en) * | 1920-05-17 | 1922-02-16 | Fornerod Eugene | Part in the form of a pipe, made of a material such as reinforced cement, reinforced concrete etc., and method for its construction. |
| GB512585A (en) * | 1938-04-14 | 1939-09-20 | Frank Bycroft Keall | Improvements in or relating to air raid shelters, and sections and parts thereof |
| FR935451A (en) * | 1946-10-30 | 1948-06-18 | Sewer construction system | |
| DE1016922B (en) * | 1952-04-10 | 1957-10-03 | Draegerwerk Ag | Expansion of the air raid shelter |
| DE1951445B1 (en) * | 1969-10-13 | 1970-10-22 | Steinzeug Und Kunststoffwarenf | Large, double-walled sewerage pipe made of thermoplastic material that can be loaded from the outside |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2647486A1 (en) * | 1989-05-23 | 1990-11-30 | Tuyaux Bonna | Reinforced concrete arch duct |
| CN108049891A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 东北大学 | For building the rectangular steel pipe support system of underground engineering with shallow and its construction method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2516630B1 (en) | 1986-02-28 |
| ZA828374B (en) | 1983-09-28 |
| FR2516630A1 (en) | 1983-05-20 |
| FR2546263B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 |
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| CL | Concession to grant licences |