FR2479425A1 - Wood burning boiler with automatic feed - has main and auxiliary heating paths for combustion control, also automatic air control - Google Patents
Wood burning boiler with automatic feed - has main and auxiliary heating paths for combustion control, also automatic air control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2479425A1 FR2479425A1 FR8007267A FR8007267A FR2479425A1 FR 2479425 A1 FR2479425 A1 FR 2479425A1 FR 8007267 A FR8007267 A FR 8007267A FR 8007267 A FR8007267 A FR 8007267A FR 2479425 A1 FR2479425 A1 FR 2479425A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- main
- boilers
- automatic
- temperature
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-IEBWSBKVSA-N (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl (1s,3s)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@@H]1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-IEBWSBKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013647 Drowning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2057—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
- F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
CHAUDIERES A EAU CHAUDE DE TYPE "GAZEIFICATION PARTIELLE" A DEUX PAR
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COURS DE FUMEES, FONCTIONNANT AVEC UNE ALINENTAttON AUTOMATIQUE A DECHETS DE
BOIS ET DE RECOLTES ET POSSEDANT UN REGISTRE MODULANT DE TIRAGE EN FONCTION
DE LA TEMPERATURE DES FUMETS
L'invention concerne une gamme de chaudières a eau chaude destinées à alimenter des installations de chauffage central et des circuits d'eau chaude sanitaire, etc..."PARTIAL GASIFICATION" HOT WATER BOILERS OF TWO PARTS
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SMOKE COURSE, OPERATING WITH AN AUTOMATIC WASTE ALINENTAttON
WOOD AND HARVESTING AND HAVING A MODULATING DRAWING-IN-SERVICE REGISTER
TEMPERATURE OF FUMES
The invention relates to a range of hot water boilers intended to supply central heating installations and domestic hot water circuits, etc.
Ces chaudières fonctionnent aux déchets de bois ou de récoltes; le chargement est assuré manuellement et automatiquement partir d'une trémie de stockage. These boilers operate on wood or crop waste; loading is carried out manually and automatically from a storage hopper.
Dans le domaine où s'est exercée notre recherche, différents matériels ont déja été réalisés par les constructeurs. Les différentes techniques u- til-isées sont classiques et traditionnelles et ne vont pas dans le sens de l'innovation. En particulier, on se soucie peu des phénomènes de combustion, et surtout des échanges thermiques, et par conséquence du rendement des appareils. In the field where our research was carried out, various materials have already been produced by the manufacturers. The different techniques used are classic and traditional and do not go in the direction of innovation. In particular, little attention is paid to combustion phenomena, and above all to heat exchanges, and consequently to the efficiency of the devices.
En outre, l'étanchéité d'une chaudiere est sa qualité primordiale, car son rendement et sa souplesse de marche sont directement fonction de l'étn- chéité. In addition, the watertightness of a boiler is its essential quality, because its performance and its flexibility of operation are directly a function of the seal.
Un bon appareil doit d'abord être étanche sans la grille de façon a ce que la quantité d'air traversant la grille et conditionnant l'allure obtenue puisse être réglée convenablement par le dispositif d'admission d'air. A good appliance must first be sealed without the grid so that the amount of air passing through the grid and conditioning the speed obtained can be properly adjusted by the air intake device.
En particulier, il est nécessaire que le débit-des entées d'air par les joints soit inférieur a celui correspondant a l'allure de ralenti prévu par la norme. Ce débit qui est faible suppose donc les joints tres étanches. In particular, it is necessary that the flow rate of the air inlets through the seals is lower than that corresponding to the idling speed provided for by the standard. This low flow therefore assumes very tight seals.
Un bon appareil doit également-etre étanche au-dessus de la grille afin d'éviter les entrées d'air parasite qui, diluant les fumées, diminuent le rendement et coupent le tirage de l'appareil. A good appliance must also be airtight above the grid in order to avoid parasitic air inlets which, diluting the fumes, reduce the efficiency and cut the draft of the appliance.
L'entrée d'air secondaire est utile pour brûler les gaz combustibles se dégageant de la couche en ignition ; elle doit être parfaitement dispo-sée et dosée sous peine d'aller a l'encontre du but poursuivi. The secondary air inlet is useful for burning the combustible gases emerging from the igniting layer; it must be perfectly available and dosed on pain of going against the aim pursued.
Lorsqu'un appareil est bien étanche et bien réglé, il produit des fumées à une température élevée ; il est nécessaire que l'appareil, présente un parcours suffisant aux fumées avant leur évacuation de façon a obtenir une bonne récupération de leur chaleur. When a device is well sealed and properly adjusted, it produces fumes at a high temperature; it is necessary that the apparatus, has a sufficient path for the fumes before their evacuation so as to obtain good recovery of their heat.
Lorsqu'un appareil fonctionne bien, il donne a a baSe de la cheminée, en allure normale, des fumées à une température' comprise entre 20Q et 300iC
Les pertes à la cheminée par les gaz de la combuetion nfeesaitent, pour être réduites au maximum, une bonne combustion, vérifiable par une teneur en anhydride carbonique élevée sans oxyde de carbone.When an appliance works well, it gives a base of the chimney, at normal speed, fumes at a temperature between 20Q and 300iC
The chimney losses by combustion gases require, to be minimized, good combustion, verifiable by a high carbon dioxide content without carbon monoxide.
Pour obtenir un tel résultat, il est indispensable de proportionner continuellement le débit d'air au débit du combustible. To obtain such a result, it is essential to continuously proportion the air flow to the fuel flow.
Le critère principal de notre recherche a été le rendement, tenant compte des différents points énoncés ci-dessus. C'est ainsi qu'il nous est apparu intéressant de concevoir un appareil possédant trois corps d'échanges (suivant planches 1 et 2) constitués par
- un foyer cylindrique principal horizontal à double cloisons entre lesquelles circule l'eau à réchauffer (Rep. 1) ;
- un premier corps d'échange cylindrique horizontal à double cloisons (Rep. 2) en communication avec le foyer par un dispositif originaldela botte à fumées appelée aussi botte de répartition (Rep. 4) ;;
- un second corps d'échange cylindrique horizontal à double cloisons (Rep. 2) en communication avec le premier ainsi qu'avec la botte a fumées permettant le libre passage des fumées, déterminant de cette manière le double parcours des fumées (Rep. 3).The main criterion of our research was performance, taking into account the various points set out above. This is how it seemed to us interesting to design a device having three exchange bodies (according to plates 1 and 2) constituted by
- a horizontal main cylindrical hearth with double partitions between which the water to be heated circulates (Rep. 1);
- A first horizontal cylindrical exchange body with double partitions (Rep. 2) in communication with the hearth by an original device of the smoke boot also called distribution boot (Rep. 4);
- a second horizontal cylindrical exchange body with double partitions (Ref. 2) in communication with the first as well as with the fume boot allowing the free passage of fumes, thereby determining the double flue path (Rep. 3 ).
Ces trois éléments à double cloisons sont reliés entre eux afin de permettre à l'eau réchauffée de circuler librement. These three double-walled elements are connected together to allow the heated water to circulate freely.
Cette botte à fumées ou boîte de répartition est constituée de deux chambres commanicantes suivant une ouverture obstruée par un volet commandé par un bi-lame thermique agissant en fermeture progressive suivant l'élévation de la température des fumées, obligeant ces dernières à parcourir les deux corps d'échange de façon à obtenir une bonne récupération de leur chaleur. Lors des démarrages de la chaudière, le tolet est en position ouvert, permettant ainsi un circuit court des fumées et par conséquence de réchauffer rapidement la cheminée en laissant échapper des fumées ayant des températures relativement élevées. Il est également à noter que ce dispositif de démarrage favorisera une mise en régime rapide de la chaudière. This smoke boot or distribution box consists of two control chambers following an opening obstructed by a flap controlled by a thermal double-blade acting in progressive closure according to the rise in the temperature of the smoke, forcing the latter to travel through the two bodies. exchange in order to obtain good heat recovery. When the boiler starts, the tolet is in the open position, thus allowing a short circuit of the flue gases and consequently quickly heating the chimney by letting out fumes having relatively high temperatures. It should also be noted that this starting device will promote rapid start-up of the boiler.
L'isolement thermique des trois corps d'échange constituant la chaudière est réalisé par un matelas de laine de verre. The thermal insulation of the three exchange bodies constituting the boiler is achieved by a glass wool mat.
L'habillage extérieur est constitué de panneaux démontables en tôle d'acier revêtus d'une peinture cuite au four. The exterior cladding consists of removable panels made of sheet steel coated with a baked paint.
La chaudière est éprouvée à 5 bar, selon les normes NF E 31001 et 9 31361. The boiler is tested at 5 bar, according to standards NF E 31001 and 9 31361.
Une double porte circulaire (Rep. 5) permettant un chargement manuel aisé, ainsi que le décendrage de la chaudière, est doublée d'une épaisseur de 60 nia de ciment- réfractaire. Elle est en outre équipée d'un volet d'air primaire à la base de la porte principale (Rep. 6) et d'un volet d'air secondaire situé sur la porte centrale (Rep. 7). Iis sont commandés à partir d'un aquastat (Rep. 8). En outre, un oeilleton placé sur le volet d'air secondaire permet de visualiser le foyer pendant la marche de la chaudière. A double circular door (Item 5) allowing easy manual loading, as well as ash removal from the boiler, is lined with a thickness of 60 nia of refractory cement. It is also equipped with a primary air flap at the base of the main door (Rep. 6) and a secondary air flap located on the central door (Rep. 7). They are controlled from an aquastat (Rep. 8). In addition, an eyecup placed on the secondary air flap allows you to view the fireplace while the boiler is running.
L'alimentation automatique est constituée par une trémie de stockage (Rep. 12) d'une capacité de 5 m3 environ ; à la base de cette trémie se trouve une vis d'extraction suivie d'une vis de transport (Rep. 11) amenant le combustible a la partie supérieure d'une boite pare-feu étanche (Rep. 10)
Cette dernière alimente par l'intermédiaire d'une vis sans fin le brûleur à vis disposé sur la paroi latérale de la chaudière (Rep. 9). Ce brûleur est également alimente en air primaire suivant une veine d'air à partir d'un ventilateur à débit variable.The automatic feed consists of a storage hopper (Rep. 12) with a capacity of approximately 5 m3; at the base of this hopper is an extraction screw followed by a transport screw (Rep. 11) bringing the fuel to the upper part of a sealed fire-resistant box (Rep. 10)
The latter feeds via a worm screw to the screw burner arranged on the side wall of the boiler (Ref. 9). This burner is also supplied with primary air in a stream of air from a variable flow fan.
La vitesse de rotation du brûleur est variable et asservie à la température de consigne filée par un aquastat qui enregistre la température de l'eau réchauffée et agit en mesure differentielle (Rep. 8). The burner rotation speed is variable and controlled by the set temperature spun by an aquastat which records the temperature of the heated water and acts in differential measurement (Rep. 8).
A noter que la boite pare-feu reçoit des fumées à partir d'un piquetage sur la boite à fumées ; ces fumées ont pour but de réchauffer le combustible, donc d'abaisser son degré hygrométrique, de maintenir dans la vis d'alimentation une ambiance peu favorable à la combustion, diminuant ainsi les risques d'incendie. Cette circulation est naturelle et fonctionne avec la dépression du foyer. Note that the firebreak box receives smoke from a picket on the smoke box; the purpose of these fumes is to heat the fuel, therefore to lower its hygrometric degree, to maintain in the feed screw an atmosphere which is not very favorable to combustion, thereby reducing the risk of fire. This circulation is natural and works with the depression of the hearth.
Elle est en outre équipée d'un dispositif anti-incendie. Dans le cas où la combustion à partir du bruleur se communiquerait à la vis dValimenta- tion, ce dispositif se déclenche sur augmentation de la température et déverse une quantité d'eau, noyant ainsi la vis d'alimentation du bruleurO It is also equipped with a fire protection device. In the event that combustion from the burner is communicated to the feed screw, this device is triggered on increase in temperature and pours out a quantity of water, thus drowning the feed screw of the burner.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8007267A FR2479425A1 (en) | 1980-03-27 | 1980-03-27 | Wood burning boiler with automatic feed - has main and auxiliary heating paths for combustion control, also automatic air control |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8007267A FR2479425A1 (en) | 1980-03-27 | 1980-03-27 | Wood burning boiler with automatic feed - has main and auxiliary heating paths for combustion control, also automatic air control |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2479425A1 true FR2479425A1 (en) | 1981-10-02 |
Family
ID=9240370
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8007267A Withdrawn FR2479425A1 (en) | 1980-03-27 | 1980-03-27 | Wood burning boiler with automatic feed - has main and auxiliary heating paths for combustion control, also automatic air control |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2479425A1 (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-03-27 FR FR8007267A patent/FR2479425A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ST | Notification of lapse |