FI56555C - SAETT ATT LEGERA STAOL MED VANADIN - Google Patents
SAETT ATT LEGERA STAOL MED VANADIN Download PDFInfo
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- FI56555C FI56555C FI47673A FI47673A FI56555C FI 56555 C FI56555 C FI 56555C FI 47673 A FI47673 A FI 47673A FI 47673 A FI47673 A FI 47673A FI 56555 C FI56555 C FI 56555C
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- vanadium
- weight
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- oxygen
- oxycarbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/129—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation, e.g. thermic dissociation of titanium tetraiodide, or by electrolysis or with the use of an electric arc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/22—Obtaining vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/24—Obtaining niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
- C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
- C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
- C22B60/0213—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B61/00—Obtaining metals not elsewhere provided for in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
,a, .,., KUULUTUSJULKAISU tctrc B 11 UTLAGG NINGSSKRI FT 56555 C (45) Fat.rtti -Ity Π Π Z9dO Patent uicJdelat ^ T ^ (51) Kv.ik.*/int.a.* C 22 B 34/00 SUOMI —FINLAND (21) Ptt«»ttlh«kemu* — P»t*nt»n*6knln| 1*76/73 (22) Htkamltpiivl —AntBknlnftdag 16.02.73 ¢3) Alkuptlvi—GUtlglwttdag 16.02.73 (41) Tullut JulklMksI — Bllvlt offwitllg 19.08 73 P.ttnttU r.kittwlhallltuc (μη»«*->μκ*ιΙ«-, a,.,., ADVERTISEMENT tctrc B 11 UTLAGG NINGSSKRI FT 56555 C (45) Fat.rtti -Ity Π Π Z9dO Patent uicJdelat ^ T ^ (51) Kv.ik. * / int.a. * C 22 B 34 / 00 FINLAND —FINLAND (21) Ptt «» ttlh «kemu * - P» t * nt »n * 6knln | 1 * 76/73 (22) Htkamltpiivl —AntBknlnftdag 16.02.73 ¢ 3) Alkuptlvi — GUtlglwttdag 16.02.73 (41) Tullut JulklMksI - Bllvlt offwitllg 19.08 73 P.ttnttU r.kittwlhallltuc (μη »« *Ι> -
Patent- och regicterstyrelsen 7 AmBIcm utlagd och utl-akrtftan publicarad 31.10.79 (32)(33)(31) Pyydetty etuoikeus—8*fird priorHet l8.02.72 22.12.72 Hollanti-Holland(NL) 7202136, 7217^90 (71) Billiton Research B.V., Louis Couperusplein 19, Haag, Hollanti-Holland(NL) (72) Servaas Middelhoek, Arnhem, Hollanti-Holland(NL) (7I+) 0y Roister Ab (51*) Tapa seostaa terästä vanadiinilla - Sätt att legera stäl med vanadinPatent and registration law 7 AmBIcm utlagd och utl-akrtftan publicarad 31.10.79 (32) (33) (31) Privilege requested — 8 * fird priorHet l8.02.72 22.12.72 Netherlands-Netherlands (NL) 7202136, 7217 ^ 90 (71) ) Billiton Research BV, Louis Couperusplein 19, The Hague, The Netherlands (NL) (72) Servaas Middelhoek, Arnhem, The Netherlands (NL) (7I +) 0y Roister Ab (51 *) The method of alloying steel with vanadium - Sätt att legera stäl with vanadium
Keksinnön kohteena on tapa seostaa terästä vanadiinilla lisäämällä vanadiinipitoista materiaalia nestemäiseen teräkseen.The invention relates to a method of alloying steel with vanadium by adding a vanadium-containing material to a liquid steel.
Keksinnölle on tunnusomaista, että nestemäiseen teräkseen lisätään vanadiinioksikarbidipitoista materiaalia, joka on saatu vanadiinioksidipi-toisen materiaalin konversiosta yhdellä tai useammalla kaasumaisella hiilivedyllä.The invention is characterized in that a vanadium oxycarbide-containing material obtained from the conversion of a vanadium oxide-containing material with one or more gaseous hydrocarbons is added to the liquid steel.
Teräksen seostamiseksi vanadiinilla lisätään tämä metalli tavallisesti sulaan teräkseen ferrovanadiinin muodossa. Viime vuosien aikana on lisäksi herättänyt mielenkiintoa käyttää vanadiinilähteenä vanadiinikarbidia sulaan metalliin lisättäväksi. Tätä vanadiinikarbidia voidaan valmistaa yksinkertaisella tavalla, mutta sen seostamisessa voi olla se haitta, että samalla metalliin tulee lisätyksi ylimääräistä hiiltä.To alloy steel with vanadium, this metal is usually added to molten steel in the form of ferrovanadine. In recent years, there has also been interest in using vanadium carbide as a source of vanadium for addition to molten metal. This vanadium carbide can be prepared in a simple manner, but its alloying can have the disadvantage that at the same time additional carbon is added to the metal.
Nyt on keksitty, että vanadiinia voidaan helposti seostaa teräkseen, jos käytetty vanadiini-lähde on aine, jota voidaan valmistaa yhtä yksinkertaisesti kuin vanadiinikarbidia ja jolla on se lisäetu, että valmistettavaan metalliseokseen ei mukana tule ollenkaan tai tuskin ollenkaan lisähiiltä.It has now been found that vanadium can be easily alloyed with steel if the vanadium source used is a substance which can be manufactured as simply as vanadium carbide and which has the additional advantage that no or hardly any additional carbon is present in the alloy to be produced.
Menetelmä vanadiinioksikarbidin valmistamiseksi vanadiinioksidia sisältävästä aineesta ja kaasumaisesta hiilivedystä (erityisesti metaanista) valinnai-A process for the preparation of vanadium oxycarbide from a vanadium oxide-containing substance and a gaseous hydrocarbon (especially methane)
C 22 C 38/2UC 22 C 38 / 2U
56555 sesti muiden kaasujen läsnäollessa on kuvattu NL-patenttihakemuksessa 6913685.56555 in the presence of other gases is described in NL patent application 6913685.
Käsitteellä "vanadiinioksikarbidi*' tarkoitetaan tuotetta, joka pääasiallisesti koostuu yhdisteistä, joilla on kaava VO C , jossa x:n ja y:n summa on noin 1.The term "vanadium oxycarbide *" refers to a product consisting essentially of compounds of formula VO C wherein the sum of x and y is about 1.
x yx y
Lisäksi oksikarbidi voi sisältää vapaata hiiltä riippuen olosuhteiden valinnasta valmistuksen aikana. Oksikarbidi voi myös sisältää pienen määrän typpeä (k #:iin asti). Jos valmistuksessa käytetään Slocheren luonnonkaasua (sisältää karkeasti 85 # CH^ ja 15 # N^), sisältää oksikarbidi usein noin 0,1 # typpeä.In addition, oxycarbide may contain free carbon depending on the choice of conditions during manufacture. Oxycarbide may also contain a small amount of nitrogen (up to k #). If Slochere natural gas (containing roughly 85 # CH 2 and 15 # N 2) is used in the manufacture, oxycarbide often contains about 0.1 # nitrogen.
Sidotun + vapaan hiilen kokonaisatomimäärä vanadiinioksikarbidissa, jota käytetään vanadiiniseosten valmistamiseen, on edullisesti yhtä suuri kuin sidotun hapen määrä oksikarbidissa, koska kuumentamisen aikana hiiltä ja happea poistuu yhtäläisessä atomisuhteessa (nimittäin hiilimonoksidina) ja stökiomet-rinen ylimäärä happea voi merkitä, että seokseen jää happea tai että syntyy vanadiinihäviöitä, koska vanadiinioksidia muuttuu kuonaksi. Joissakin tapauksissa voidaan kuitenkin käyttää tuotetta, jossa on stökiometrinen ylimäärä happea, esimerkiksi kun sula teräs jo sisältää hiiltä ja sulatteen hiilipitoisuutta voidaan alentaa. Yleensä ei vanadiinioksikarbidissa kuitenkaan sidotun + vapaan hiilen toisaalta ja toisaalta hapen atomisuhteen tulisi olla pienempi kuin 0,6. Jotta metalliseoksia valmistettaessa mukaan ei tulisi liian paljon hiiltä, ei vanadiinioksikarbidin vapaan + sidotun hiilen atomisuhde happeen saa olla yli 2,5 edullisesti ei yli 1,5-The total amount of bound + free carbon in the vanadium oxycarbide used to prepare the vanadium mixtures is preferably equal to the amount of bound oxygen in the oxycarbide, because during heating carbon and oxygen are removed in equal atomic ratios (namely as carbon monoxide) and vanadium losses occur because vanadium oxide is converted to slag. However, in some cases a product with a stoichiometric excess of oxygen may be used, for example when the molten steel already contains carbon and the carbon content of the melt may be reduced. In general, however, in vanadium oxycarbide, the atomic ratio of bound + free carbon on the one hand and oxygen on the other hand should not be less than 0.6. In order not to involve too much carbon in the production of alloys, the atomic ratio of free + bound carbon to vanadium oxycarbide should not exceed 2.5, preferably not more than 1.5-
Sidotun hiilen ja yhdistetyn hapen atomisuhde vanadiinioksikarbidissa ei edullisesti ole alle 0,9.The atomic ratio of bound carbon to combined oxygen in vanadium oxycarbide is preferably not less than 0.9.
Keksintöä valaistaan lähemmin seuraavin esimerkein:The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
Esimerkki IExample I
Vanadiinioksikarbidia, joka oli valmistettu johtamalla luonnonkaasua teknisen vanadiinipentoksidin yli, joka sisälsi 67,1+ paino-# vanadiinia, 19,7 paino-# happea ja 10,3 paino-# hiiltä, lämpötilassa väliltä 800-1250°C, lisättiin sulaan teräkseen, joka sisälsi 0,0U paino-# happea ja 0,06 paino-# hiiltä, painosuhteessa 1 : 195 n. l600°C:een lämpötilassa. Jäähdyttämisen jälkeen teräs sisälsi 0,3^ paino-# vanadiinia, 0,04 paino-# happea ja 0,01 paino-# hiiltä, ts. vanadiini-saalis oli 98 #.Vanadium oxycarbide prepared by passing natural gas over technical vanadium pentoxide containing 67.1+ wt% vanadium, 19.7 wt% oxygen and 10.3 wt% carbon at a temperature between 800-1250 ° C was added to the molten steel. containing 0.0U by weight of oxygen and 0.06% by weight of carbon, in a weight ratio of 1: 195 to a temperature of about 1600 ° C. After cooling, the steel contained 0.3% by weight of vanadium, 0.04% by weight of oxygen and 0.01% by weight of carbon, i.e. the vanadium yield was 98%.
Esimerkki IIExample II
Vanadiinioksikarbidia, joka oli valmistettu johtamalla luonnonkaasua vanadiinipentoksidin tyli, joka sisälsi 70,3 paino-# vanadiinia, 22,h paino-# happea ja 6,8 paino-# hiiltä, lisättiin sulaan teräkseen yhdessä alumiinin kanssa, joka sisälsi 0,0l+ paino-# happea ja 0,06 paino-# hiiltä, n. l600°C:een lämpötilassa painosuhteessa 1 : 0,1 : 215. Jäähdyttämisen jälkeen teräs sisälsi 0,32 paino-# vanadiinia, 0,03 paino-# happea ja 0,01 paino-# hiiltä, ts. vanadiinin saalis oli 98 #.Vanadium oxycarbide prepared by derivatizing natural gas with vanadium pentoxide tulle containing 70.3 wt.% Vanadium, 22 .mu.l of oxygen and 6.8 wt.% Of carbon was added to the molten steel together with aluminum containing 0.0. # oxygen and 0.06 wt.% carbon, at a temperature of about 1600 ° C in a weight ratio of 1: 0.1: 215. After cooling, the steel contained 0.32 wt.% vanadium, 0.03 wt.% oxygen and 0, 01 weight # carbon, i.e. vanadium catch was 98 #.
3 565553 56555
Esimerkki IIIExample III
72,0 paino-osaa vanadiinioksikarbidia, joka oli valmistettu johtamalla luonnonkaasua vanadiinipentoksidin yli, joka sisälsi 7^,3 paino-# vanadiinia,72.0 parts by weight of vanadium oxycarbide prepared by passing natural gas over vanadium pentoxide containing 7.3% by weight of vanadium,
10,5 paino-# happea ja ib^ paino-# hiiltä, lisättiin 99,5 paino-osaan sulatettua rautaa n. l600°C:een lämpötilassa. Saatu ferrovanadiini sisälsi jäähdyttämisen jälkeen 33,7 paino-# vanadiinia, 0,02 paino-# happea ja 2tb paino-# hiiltä. Esimerkki IV10.5 parts by weight of oxygen and ib by weight of carbon were added to 99.5 parts by weight of molten iron at a temperature of about 1600 ° C. After cooling, the obtained ferrovanadine contained 33.7% by weight of vanadium, 0.02% by weight of oxygen and 2 by weight of # carbon. Example IV
33,2 paino-osaa vanadiinioksikarbidia, joka oli valmistettu johtamalla luonnonkaasua vanadiinipentoksidin yli, joka sisälsi 73,3 paino-# vanadiinia, 15 paino-# happea ja 10,1 paino-# hiiltä, sekoitettiin 6,2 paino-osan kanssa rautajauhetta ja seos puristettiin levykkeeksi. Kun tätä levykettä oli kuumennettu n. l800°C:ssa 7 minuuttia, saatiin ferrovanadiini, joka sisälsi 72,5 paino-# vanadiinia, 3,3 paino-# happea ja 2,U paino-# hiiltä.33.2 parts by weight of vanadium oxycarbide prepared by passing natural gas over vanadium pentoxide containing 73.3 parts by weight of vanadium, 15 parts by weight of oxygen and 10.1 parts by weight of carbon was mixed with 6.2 parts by weight of iron powder and the mixture was compressed into a floppy disk. After heating this diskette at about 1800 ° C for 7 minutes, ferrovanadine containing 72.5 wt.% Vanadium, 3.3 wt.% Oxygen and 2.0 U wt.% Carbon was obtained.
Esimerkki VExample V
17 paino-osaa vanadiinioksikarbidia, joka oli valmistettu johtamalla luonnonkaasua vanadiinipentoksidin yli, joka sisälsi 6^,2 paino-# vanadiinia, 13.0 paino-# happea ja 21,6 paino-# hiiltä, sekoitettiin 17 paino-osan kanssa rautajauhetta, minkä jälkeen seos puristettiin levykkeeksi, jota kuumennettiin 1530° C:ssa 10 minuuttia. Saatu tuote, joka sisälsi 37,7 paino-# vanadiinia, 1,7 paino-# happea ja 7,2 paino-# hiiltä, lisättiin sulaan teräkseen painosuhteessa 1 : 135. Jäähdyttämisen jälkeen teräs sisälsi 0,28 paino-# vanadiinia, alle 0,01 paino-# happea ja 0,12 paino-# hiiltä, ts. vanadiinisaalis oli 100 #.17 parts by weight of vanadium oxycarbide prepared by passing natural gas over vanadium pentoxide containing 6, 2 parts by weight of vanadium, 13.0 parts by weight of oxygen and 21.6 parts by weight of carbon were mixed with 17 parts by weight of iron powder, after which the mixture was mixed. was compressed into a floppy disk which was heated at 1530 ° C for 10 minutes. The obtained product containing 37.7% by weight of vanadium, 1.7% by weight of oxygen and 7.2% by weight of carbon was added to the molten steel in a weight ratio of 1: 135. After cooling, the steel contained 0.28% by weight of vanadium, less than 0.01 wt.% Oxygen and 0.12 wt.% Carbon, i.e. the vanadium catch was 100 #.
Esimerkki VIExample VI
Tietty määrä ferrioksidia liuotettiin sulaan tekniseen vanadiinipentoksidiin, jolloin jäähdyttämisen jälkeen saatiin tuote, joka sisälsi hh,1+ paino-# vanadiinia, 1^,6 paino-# rautaa ja b0,2 paino-# happea. Ensiksi johdettiin tämän tuotteen ylitse luonnonkaasua ^ tuntia 600°C:een lämpötilassa ja sitten 6 tuntia 1000°C:een lämpötilassa. Saatu rautavanadiinioksikarbidi sisälsi 53,6 paino-# vanadiinia, 18,3 paino-# rautaa, 1^,1 paino-# happea ja 12,0 paino-# hiiltä (josta 7,9 paino-# vapaata hiiltä).A certain amount of ferric oxide was dissolved in molten technical vanadium pentoxide to give, after cooling, a product containing hh, 1 + w / w vanadium, 1, 6 wt.% Iron and b0.2 wt.% Oxygen. First, natural gas was passed over this product for 2 hours at 600 ° C and then for 6 hours at 1000 ° C. The resulting iron vanadium oxycarbide contained 53.6% by weight of vanadium, 18.3% by weight of iron, 1% by weight of oxygen and 12.0% by weight of carbon (of which 7.9% by weight of free carbon).
Jauhamisen jälkeen saatu aine puristettiin levykkeeksi, jota sen jälkeen kuumennettiin b minuuttia n. 1300°C:ssa. Saatu tuote sisälsi 61,9 paino-# vanadiinia, 9.0 paino-# happea ja 7,3 paino-# hiiltä. Tämä aine liuotettiin sulaan teräkseen painosuhteessa 1 : 1+40 n. l600°C:een lämpötilassa. Jäähdyttämisen jälkeen teräs sisälsi 0,1 h paino-# vanadiinia, 0,01 paino-# happea ja 0,02 paino-# hiiltä, ts. vanadiini saali s oli 100 #.The material obtained after grinding was compressed into a floppy disk, which was then heated for b minutes at about 1300 ° C. The product obtained contained 61.9% by weight of vanadium, 9.0% by weight of oxygen and 7.3% by weight of # carbon. This material was dissolved in molten steel in a weight ratio of 1: 1 + 40 at a temperature of about 1600 ° C. After cooling, the steel contained 0.1 h by weight of vanadium, 0.01 by weight of oxygen and 0.02 by weight of carbon, i.e. the vanadium yield s was 100.
Esimerkki VIIExample VII
19 paino-osaa samaa vanadiinioksikarbidia, jota käytettiin esimerkissä V, sekoitettiin 19 paino-osan kanssa ferromangaani-jauhetta, joka sisälsi 79,8 paino-# mangaania. Seos puristettiin levykkeeksi, jota sen jälkeen kuumennettiin 9 minuuttia 1200°C:een lämpötilassa, jolloin saatiin rauta-mangaa.ni-vanadiini-metalliseos.19 parts by weight of the same vanadium oxycarbide used in Example V were mixed with 19 parts by weight of ferromanganese powder containing 79.8 parts by weight of manganese. The mixture was compressed into a floppy disk, which was then heated to 1200 ° C for 9 minutes to give an iron-manganese-vanadium-alloy.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NLAANVRAGE7202136,A NL172566C (en) | 1972-02-18 | 1972-02-18 | METHOD FOR PREPARING VANADIUM. |
| NL7202136 | 1972-02-18 | ||
| NL7217490A NL175736C (en) | 1972-12-22 | 1972-12-22 | METHOD FOR PREPARING TITAN, NIOOB OR ALLOYS THEREOF. |
| NL7217490 | 1972-12-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI56555B FI56555B (en) | 1979-10-31 |
| FI56555C true FI56555C (en) | 1980-02-11 |
Family
ID=26644735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI47673A FI56555C (en) | 1972-02-18 | 1973-02-16 | SAETT ATT LEGERA STAOL MED VANADIN |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5621820B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT331046B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU475793B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE795533A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1026101A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH592742A5 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD102412A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2307783B2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES411699A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI56555C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2172367A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT979212B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU67049A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX3026E (en) |
| NO (1) | NO135595C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE396617B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0656698B2 (en) * | 1985-04-08 | 1994-07-27 | ソニー株式会社 | Playback device |
| JP3710053B2 (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2005-10-26 | 大阪府 | Stainless spheroidal carbide cast iron material |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3342553A (en) * | 1965-03-10 | 1967-09-19 | Vanadium Corp Of America | Process for making vanadium carbide briquettes |
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0
- BE BE795533D patent/BE795533A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1973
- 1973-02-01 CA CA162,573A patent/CA1026101A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-16 JP JP1849273A patent/JPS5621820B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-02-16 DE DE19732307783 patent/DE2307783B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1973-02-16 AU AU52261/73A patent/AU475793B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-16 NO NO63373A patent/NO135595C/no unknown
- 1973-02-16 SE SE7302251A patent/SE396617B/en unknown
- 1973-02-16 CH CH225973A patent/CH592742A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-02-16 ES ES411699A patent/ES411699A1/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-16 IT IT2051473A patent/IT979212B/en active
- 1973-02-16 LU LU67049D patent/LU67049A1/xx unknown
- 1973-02-16 AT AT142073A patent/AT331046B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-02-16 FR FR7305591A patent/FR2172367A1/en active Granted
- 1973-02-16 MX MX833373U patent/MX3026E/en unknown
- 1973-02-16 DD DD16890773A patent/DD102412A5/xx unknown
- 1973-02-16 FI FI47673A patent/FI56555C/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1026101A (en) | 1978-02-14 |
| FR2172367A1 (en) | 1973-09-28 |
| MX3026E (en) | 1980-02-20 |
| CH592742A5 (en) | 1977-11-15 |
| FI56555B (en) | 1979-10-31 |
| AU5226173A (en) | 1974-08-22 |
| SE396617B (en) | 1977-09-26 |
| DE2307783A1 (en) | 1973-08-30 |
| AT331046B (en) | 1976-07-26 |
| JPS5621820B2 (en) | 1981-05-21 |
| DD102412A5 (en) | 1973-12-12 |
| JPS4897706A (en) | 1973-12-12 |
| NO135595B (en) | 1977-01-17 |
| AU475793B2 (en) | 1976-09-02 |
| DE2307783B2 (en) | 1974-05-02 |
| ATA142073A (en) | 1975-10-15 |
| BE795533A (en) | 1973-08-16 |
| ES411699A1 (en) | 1976-01-01 |
| IT979212B (en) | 1974-09-30 |
| LU67049A1 (en) | 1973-08-31 |
| NO135595C (en) | 1977-04-27 |
| FR2172367B1 (en) | 1975-08-22 |
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