ES8601759A1 - Metodo de fijar un primer miembro configurado particularmente como esparrago a un miembro termoplastico tal como una moldura de vehiculo. - Google Patents

Metodo de fijar un primer miembro configurado particularmente como esparrago a un miembro termoplastico tal como una moldura de vehiculo.

Info

Publication number
ES8601759A1
ES8601759A1 ES525881A ES525881A ES8601759A1 ES 8601759 A1 ES8601759 A1 ES 8601759A1 ES 525881 A ES525881 A ES 525881A ES 525881 A ES525881 A ES 525881A ES 8601759 A1 ES8601759 A1 ES 8601759A1
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
attachment method
thermoplastic
stud attachment
vehicle molding
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
ES525881A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
ES525881A0 (es
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Standard Products Co
Original Assignee
Standard Products Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Products Co filed Critical Standard Products Co
Publication of ES525881A0 publication Critical patent/ES525881A0/es
Publication of ES8601759A1 publication Critical patent/ES8601759A1/es
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/12—Fastening strips or bars to sheets or plates, e.g. rubber strips, decorative strips for motor vehicles, by means of clips
    • F16B5/126—Fastening strips or bars to sheets or plates, e.g. rubber strips, decorative strips for motor vehicles, by means of clips at least one of the sheets, plates, bars or strips having integrally formed or integrally connected snap-in-features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/526—Joining bars
    • B29C66/5268—Joining bars characterised by their solid cross sections being non-circular, e.g. being elliptical, square or rectangular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/04—External Ornamental or guard strips; Ornamental inscriptive devices thereon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7422—Aluminium or alloys of aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7428—Transition metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/74281—Copper or alloys of copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7428—Transition metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/74283—Iron or alloys of iron, e.g. steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

METODO DE FIJAR UN PRIMER MIEMBRO CONFIGURADO PARTICULARMENTE COMO ESPARRAGO A UN MIEMBRO TERMOPLASTICO TAL COMO UNA MOLDURA DE VEHICULO. INCLUYE EN UN LADO UNA HENDIDURA O CAVIDAD PREFERIBLEMENTE ALARGADA. UN ESPARRAGO O MIEMBRO DE MONTAJE QUE TIENE UNA BASE ALARGADA ES INSERTADO EN LA CAVIDAD, CALENTADO Y HECHO GIRAR DE TAL MANERA QUE LAS PARTES ALARGADAS DE LA BASE FUNDEN LOCALMENTE, ATRAVIESAN Y SE EMPOTRAN EN EL MATERIAL TERMOPLASTICO CIRCUNDANTE. SE DEJA QUE EL TERMOPLASTICO SE ENFRIE PARA FORMAR UNA FIJACION DE ENCLAVAMIENTO SEGURA AL MIEMBRO DE MOLDEO.
ES525881A 1982-09-30 1983-09-23 Metodo de fijar un primer miembro configurado particularmente como esparrago a un miembro termoplastico tal como una moldura de vehiculo. Expired ES8601759A1 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/431,292 US4631104A (en) 1982-09-30 1982-09-30 Stud attachment method for vehicle molding

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES525881A0 ES525881A0 (es) 1985-11-01
ES8601759A1 true ES8601759A1 (es) 1985-11-01

Family

ID=23711294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES525881A Expired ES8601759A1 (es) 1982-09-30 1983-09-23 Metodo de fijar un primer miembro configurado particularmente como esparrago a un miembro termoplastico tal como una moldura de vehiculo.

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4631104A (es)
JP (1) JPS5983820A (es)
AR (1) AR230861A1 (es)
AU (1) AU566888B2 (es)
BR (1) BR8305555A (es)
CA (1) CA1213117A (es)
DE (1) DE3335192A1 (es)
ES (1) ES8601759A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2533860B1 (es)
GB (1) GB2127730B (es)
IT (1) IT1167225B (es)
MX (1) MX157821A (es)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2587067B1 (fr) * 1985-09-11 1988-06-24 Legrand Sa Fixation aveugle et structure incorporant une telle fixation
JPH01220712A (ja) * 1988-02-25 1989-09-04 Yamaha Corp 化粧部材の取付構造
FR2662217B1 (fr) * 1990-05-17 1992-08-28 Comet Perfectionnements aux dispositifs pour fixer sur des carrosseries des pieces de parement ou analogues.
US5419863A (en) * 1992-03-06 1995-05-30 The Standard Products Company Method of making a seamless backfilled molding
US5302337A (en) * 1993-06-11 1994-04-12 Cascade Engineering, Inc. Method for making a coated gas-assisted injection molded article
US6077378A (en) * 1993-07-27 2000-06-20 L&P Property Management Company Method of forming densified fiber batt with coil springs interlocked therein
DE4410333A1 (de) * 1994-03-25 1995-11-30 Guntram Erbe Schalungsbauteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US5605658A (en) * 1994-06-07 1997-02-25 The Standard Products Company Locating protrusion on extruded part
FR2727051A1 (fr) * 1994-11-23 1996-05-24 Valeo Vision Procede de fabrication d'un socle de feu de signalisation de vehicule automobile comportant un ecran thermique, et feu de signalisation dont le socle incorpore un ecran thermique
US5786047A (en) * 1997-02-10 1998-07-28 The Standard Products Company Bodyside molding with bright insert and method of making same
DE19755985A1 (de) * 1997-12-17 1999-07-01 Rohwedder Gmbh U Co Kg Praezis Einbetten von Metallelementen in Kunststoff
JP3775975B2 (ja) * 2000-08-03 2006-05-17 Ｓｍｃ株式会社 熱可塑性樹脂からなる基材への部品埋め込み方法
DE102008027026A1 (de) * 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 Paritec Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbindung zweier Komponenten
CN102343673B (zh) * 2010-07-23 2014-12-31 晟铭电子科技股份有限公司 金属板上设置轻量化接架的制程
CN109367042B (zh) * 2018-10-29 2021-09-07 四达氟塑股份有限公司 塑料件与金属件的连接结构及其制作方法
CN112848335B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2023-01-10 北京航星机器制造有限公司 内嵌金属件的固体浮力材料零件孔系的制备方法及装置

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2237152A (en) * 1938-11-21 1941-04-01 Plastic Inlays Inc Method of inlaying articles
US2724884A (en) * 1951-03-30 1955-11-29 United Carr Fastener Corp Fastening device
US2809399A (en) * 1952-08-30 1957-10-15 Gen Motors Corp Method of uniting metal to plastic
US3062140A (en) * 1959-06-22 1962-11-06 Bista Inc Internal lock
GB1180383A (en) * 1965-11-18 1970-02-04 Sangamo Weston Improvements in or relating to Methods of Securing Two Rigid Bodies, at least One of which is of a Plastics Material having Thermoplasticity
GB1174624A (en) * 1967-05-18 1969-12-17 Federal Mogul Corp Method of Mechanically-Uniting Sintered Material Parts
US3541683A (en) * 1968-06-20 1970-11-24 Philip Morris Inc Clamshell type safety razor
US3577850A (en) * 1968-09-26 1971-05-11 Precision Sampling Corp Method of forming seals
DE1925766B2 (de) * 1969-05-21 1971-07-22 Metallischer gewindeeinsatz zum waermedruckeinbau in kalte werkstuecke aus thermoplastischem kunststoff zweckmaessiges verfahren zum eindruecken des gewindeeinsatzes und vor richtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
AU444654B2 (en) * 1970-11-20 1974-01-31 Joseph Lucas (Australia) Pty. Ltd Improvements in electric storage batteries
US3916055A (en) * 1971-05-20 1975-10-28 Illinois Tool Works Adhesive attachment system for decorative trim strips
US3872572A (en) * 1971-09-02 1975-03-25 Jerome S Hahn Method of assembling knife handle and blade
US3998824A (en) * 1972-12-11 1976-12-21 Sony Corporation Method of embedding inserts in a thermoplastic body
US3820221A (en) * 1973-04-05 1974-06-28 W Mercer Method of repairing articles made of heat softenable material
US3916147A (en) * 1973-04-05 1975-10-28 William E Mercer Apparatus for electrically heating and inserting a repair wire
GB1457517A (en) * 1973-07-27 1976-12-01 Armstrong Patents Co Ltd Application of metal fittings to thermoplastics components
US4143112A (en) * 1974-05-30 1979-03-06 Johnson & Johnson Method for making probe covers for electronic thermometers
US4104339A (en) * 1975-12-03 1978-08-01 Fetz James G Method for the manufacture of intraocular lenses
JPS52119683A (en) * 1976-04-02 1977-10-07 Hitachi Ltd Method of reinforcing of structure moulded by compression
GB1547054A (en) * 1976-04-22 1979-06-06 Itt Electrical connector assembly and method of making the same
US4136275A (en) * 1977-01-11 1979-01-23 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Electrically heated anchor insertion tool
US4195219A (en) * 1978-05-19 1980-03-25 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Heating apparatus
US4196509A (en) * 1978-09-25 1980-04-08 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Assembly apparatus for electrical connectors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3335192A1 (de) 1984-04-05
IT8323060A0 (it) 1983-09-29
US4631104A (en) 1986-12-23
BR8305555A (pt) 1984-05-15
GB2127730A (en) 1984-04-18
JPS5983820A (ja) 1984-05-15
IT1167225B (it) 1987-05-13
IT8323060A1 (it) 1985-03-29
ES525881A0 (es) 1985-11-01
FR2533860A1 (fr) 1984-04-06
MX157821A (es) 1988-12-14
GB8324732D0 (en) 1983-10-19
FR2533860B1 (fr) 1987-08-07
AR230861A1 (es) 1984-07-31
DE3335192C2 (es) 1992-12-17
AU1901583A (en) 1984-04-05
CA1213117A (en) 1986-10-28
AU566888B2 (en) 1987-11-05
GB2127730B (en) 1985-11-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ES8601759A1 (es) Metodo de fijar un primer miembro configurado particularmente como esparrago a un miembro termoplastico tal como una moldura de vehiculo.
JPS52127966A (en) Method and device for producing thermoplastic resin molded article having relief
DE3371051D1 (en) Process for producing molded thermoplastic resin
EP0298631A3 (en) Apparatus and method for the injection molding of thermoplastics
GB2145965B (en) Mounting dies in injection moulds
GB2082192B (en) Thermoplastic molding composition having improved warp resistance and process for preparing the same
EP0433906A3 (en) Thermoplastic resin and process for producing the same
US4866110B1 (en) Thermoplastic compositions resin molded product for vehicle lining and method for manufacturing the same
EP0108622A3 (en) Synthetic resin composition and process for producing the same
PT77028A (en) Direct method for producing rubber powders and rubber powders thus produced
IL74227A0 (en) Method and mold assembly for making molded polymeric articles
GB2221689B (en) Finely divided gelled polymer and process for producing the same
EP0486293A3 (en) Thermoplastic resin compositions having improved strength and method for producing them
AR243819A1 (es) Metodo para fabricar una moldura de adorno destinada a ser aplicada a un vehiculo.
GB2154503B (en) Apparatus and method for injection molding polymeric articles
DE3367224D1 (en) Process for producing thermoplastic resin
AU3619189A (en) Thermoplastic resin composition incorporated with whisker and process for producing the same
EP0153464A3 (en) Method of curing expansion-molded body of polyolefin
GB8413715D0 (en) Preheating mold resin
IL65726A (en) Method for preparing flame retardant thermoplastic nylon resin compositions and the compositions obtained
DE3370002D1 (en) Phenolic resin foam and process for producing the same
JPS57125214A (en) Thermoplastic block copolyester, manufacture and use for molding manufacture
EP0493814A3 (en) Abs-type thermoplastic resin composition and method for producing the same
ES533903A0 (es) Procedimiento para preparar cuerpos conformados termoplasticos a base de policaprolactamas
EP0254785A3 (en) Thermoplastic block shape and manufacturing method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FD1A Patent lapsed

Effective date: 19971001