EP4367344A1 - Scaffolding tower and scaffold and use of the tower and scaffold - Google Patents

Scaffolding tower and scaffold and use of the tower and scaffold

Info

Publication number
EP4367344A1
EP4367344A1 EP22753725.5A EP22753725A EP4367344A1 EP 4367344 A1 EP4367344 A1 EP 4367344A1 EP 22753725 A EP22753725 A EP 22753725A EP 4367344 A1 EP4367344 A1 EP 4367344A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
scaffolding
tower
posts
modules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22753725.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Matthieu HUMBERSOT
Pierrick HERVÉ
Nicolas HERVÉ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilion
Original Assignee
Pilion
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR2107270A external-priority patent/FR3124813B1/en
Priority claimed from FR2107271A external-priority patent/FR3124814B1/en
Application filed by Pilion filed Critical Pilion
Publication of EP4367344A1 publication Critical patent/EP4367344A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/34—Scaffold constructions able to be folded in prismatic or flat parts or able to be turned down
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/007—Devices and methods for erecting scaffolds, e.g. automatic scaffold erectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/02—Scaffold feet, e.g. with arrangements for adjustment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/06—Consoles; Brackets
    • E04G5/061—Consoles; Brackets specially adapted for attachment to scaffolds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/10—Steps or ladders specially adapted for scaffolds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/14—Railings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/14—Railings
    • E04G5/144—Railings specific for the lateral, i.e. short side of a scaffold
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/14—Railings
    • E04G5/145—Toe boards therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/16—Struts or stiffening rods, e.g. diagonal rods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/30—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements
    • E04G7/301—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements for connecting bars or members which are parallel or in end-to-end relation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/30—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements
    • E04G7/34—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements with coupling elements using positive engagement, e.g. hooks or pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/15—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground essentially comprising special means for supporting or forming platforms; Platforms
    • E04G2001/155—Platforms with an access hatch for getting through from one level to another
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/15—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground essentially comprising special means for supporting or forming platforms; Platforms
    • E04G2001/157—Extensible platforms, e.g. telescopic platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/06—Consoles; Brackets
    • E04G2005/068—Connections of consoles at an angle
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/004—Storage and transport racks for scaffolding components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a scaffolding tower, a scaffolding comprising the tower and the use of the tower and the scaffolding.
  • scaffolding When carrying out work or temporary events, scaffolding can be used.
  • the installation of the scaffolding requires climbing the floors gradually over the length of the scaffolding.
  • the posts and floors are gradually assembled one after the other, until the desired height is obtained.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a scaffolding which is quicker to install and in a safe manner.
  • the invention proposes a scaffolding tower comprising a plurality of modules hinged one above the other, each module comprising a floor and posts hinged to the floor, the posts further being hinged along their length, the tower scaffolding being capable of occupying a folded configuration in which each module is in the folded position and an unfolded configuration by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module is in the unfolded position.
  • the modules are unfolded independently of each other.
  • a module is able to unfold by vertical traction of the top module or by vertical lifting of the last unfolded module.
  • each post of a module comprises an articulation on the floor of said module and an articulation on the floor of the upper module, each post also comprising a joint in the length which is offset laterally with respect to the other joints of the post, in the unfolded position of the module.
  • the transition to the folded or unfolded position of a module is possible only by vertical lifting of the module.
  • the joint in the length of the posts is aligned with the other joints of the posts on the floors and in the unfolded position of the modules, the joint in the length of the columns is offset laterally with respect to the other joints of the columns to the floors.
  • each module further comprises at least one safety rail connected to a post of each pair, the safety rail blocking the articulation in the length of the two posts of the pair in the unfolded position of the module and releasing the articulation in the length of the two posts of the pair in the folded position of the module.
  • the rotation of the railing activates a cam follower along a cam to a position of the railing wherein the joint in the length of the posts is positioned laterally offset from the other joints of the posts to the floors, this position of the railing corresponding to the unfolded position of the modules.
  • rotation of the guardrail simultaneously activates a cam follower along a cam at the post of each pair to which the guardrail is connected.
  • the railing is immobilized with respect to the posts to which it is connected by the cam follower at the end of the cam and by a pin between the railing and a sleeve supporting the cam, the two posts to which the railing is connected and the modules are held in the unfolded position.
  • a plurality of pins block the articulation in the length of at least two posts and the guardrail with respect to the two posts to which it is connected.
  • the modules comprise a ladder with an articulation in its length
  • the ladder is rotatable around a post between a position of use of the ladder in the unfolded position of the respective module, the ladder being in a plane orthogonal to the axes of the post joints and a position allowing the folding of the module.
  • each module further comprises at least one end safety railing, rotatably mounted around a post and optionally removable.
  • the tower further includes a vertical tower traction frame at the top of the upper module.
  • the floors are with at least one passage hatch or without a passage hatch.
  • the tower further comprises connecting tabs between two modules in the folded position or between two neighboring modules in the unfolded position, the connecting tabs optionally comprising an indentation adapting to the gap between the modules.
  • the tower further comprises movable telescopic extension rods between a retracted position in the floor and an extracted position from the floor, a floor extension being fixed on the rods in the extracted position.
  • the tower further comprises triangulation cables that are removable or permanently attached to the modules.
  • the lowest module comprises cylinders with a flat base or with flanges.
  • the module comprises a staircase articulated to the module by one end.
  • the invention also relates to a use of the scaffolding tower described above, as a temporary construction for construction sites, as a temporary construction for events such as quick stands, private bleachers or bleacher supports for a show, a sporting event or attractions, as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support such as for an antenna, sensors, lighting, sound equipment , electric cables or advertising, as a temporary construction for spanning a road, as a work station at height in industry, as temporary shelving or shelving for shops or warehouses, as a fir tree or access tower or shoring tower, as a complement or in combination with one or more conventional scaffolding bays.
  • the invention also relates to a scaffolding comprising a plurality of scaffolding towers described above, the towers being juxtaposed to each other.
  • junctions are positioned between two neighboring modules separated by a space or an angle.
  • the invention also relates to a use of the scaffolding as described above, as a temporary construction for construction sites, as a temporary construction for events such as quick stands, private bleachers or bleacher support for a show, a sporting event or attractions, as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support such as for an antenna, sensors, lighting, sound equipment , electric cables or advertising, as a temporary construction for crossing a road, as a work station at height in industry, as temporary shelving or shelving for shops or warehouses, as a complement or in combination with one or more conventional scaffold spans.
  • FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a scaffolding tower ;
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the unfolding of the modules of the tower;
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the unfolding of the modules of the tower;
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a module in the unfolded position;
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a module partially in the folded or unfolded position;
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a module in the folded position;
  • Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the relative position of the joints of each post;
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail;
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail;
  • FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a scaffolding tower ;
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the unfolding of the modules of the tower;
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the unfolding of the modules of the tower;
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a module in the unfolded position;
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a module partially
  • FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail
  • FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of securing the articulation of the posts
  • FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules
  • FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules
  • FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules
  • FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules
  • FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of an end safety rail
  • FIG. 18 shows an example of connecting tabs between two modules
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of connecting tabs between two modules
  • FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of telescopic extension rods
  • FIG. 21 shows an example embodiment of a junction between two neighboring modules
  • FIG. 22 shows an example embodiment of a junction between two neighboring modules
  • FIG. 23 shows an example embodiment of a module with a staircase
  • FIG. 24 shows an example of scaffolding 9 comprising a plurality of scaffolding towers in association with several scaffolding spans able to be erected by successive assembly of unitary elements.
  • the invention proposes a scaffolding tower comprising a plurality of modules hinged one above the other, each module comprising a floor and posts hinged to the floor, the posts further being hinged along their length.
  • the scaffolding tower is capable of occupying a folded configuration in which each module is in the folded position and an unfolded configuration by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module is in the unfolded position.
  • a scaffold By juxtaposing a plurality of scaffold towers to each other in an unfolded configuration, in which each module is in the unfolded position, a scaffold is obtained.
  • the scaffolding is an assembly between them of towers in the form of a column; the towers can be placed in the unfolded configuration side by side or even unfolded a few meters away (for example in the area next to the place of use of the scaffolding) then juxtaposed to each other in the unfolded configuration.
  • the same goes for dismantling.
  • the installation of the scaffolding by assembling the towers in series saves time - which is also the case with dismantling.
  • juxtaposition of towers it is meant that the towers and modules are side by side, aligned, neighboring, without necessarily touching; a gap may exist between the towers. Also, by juxtaposition is meant that the towers and modules are adjacent, perpendicular to each other (for example to follow a corner of a building) leaving an empty angle between the two.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a scaffolding tower 10 and the resulting scaffolding when a plurality of towers are juxtaposed.
  • the scaffolding tower and the resulting scaffolding when a plurality of towers are juxtaposed can be used as temporary construction for construction sites, as temporary construction for events (quick stands, private bleacher or bleacher support for a show, sporting event or attractions, etc.), as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support (for antennas, sensors , lighting, sound equipment, electric cables or advertising), as temporary construction for spanning a road, as a workstation at height in industry, as shelving or shelving temporary for shops or warehouses, as a fir tree or access tower or shoring tower, as a complement or in association with one or more conventional scaffolding bays.
  • temporary construction for construction sites as temporary construction for events (quick stands, private bleacher or bleacher support for a show, sporting event or attractions, etc.), as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support (for antennas, sensors , lighting, sound
  • Conventional scaffolding means scaffolding assembled by assembling tubes and fittings or with prefabricated elements ("frame” scaffolding, but above all also "multidirectional") in which the floors are gradually assembled over the length and height of the desired scaffolding.
  • frame scaffolding
  • multidirectional multidirectional
  • a conventional scaffold is capable of being erected by successive assembly of elements individually (floors, posts, connection nodes, collars, braces, stabilizers, console or storage space, floor extensions, rubble guards, crosspieces, evacuation chute, etc.)
  • the tower 10 comprises a plurality of modules 12 hinged one above the other.
  • Six modules 12 are represented by way of example in FIG. 1; it is understood that the tower can have more or less than 12 modules, depending on the use made of it.
  • Each module 12 comprises a floor 14 and posts 16.
  • the posts are used to support the upper modules.
  • Floors are a surface allowing operators to move around.
  • the floors are for example a one-piece surface with a stiffening structure (such as a frame) or a surface supported by said structure.
  • the surface can be metal, wood or fiberglass.
  • the surface can be fixed permanently to the structure or even removable with respect to the structure.
  • the surface can be one-piece or made up of sub-parts - for example, 20-35 cm wide.
  • the modules include components, such as posts or floor reinforcements, for example made of metal or fiberglass. It is possible to envisage that the floor of a module be supported by the posts of said module; preferably (and as described below but in a non-limiting manner), a module comprises the floor 14 on which the posts 16 are placed and articulated by their lower end.
  • the modules 12 may comprise four posts 16 in order to ensure the stability of the tower 10. But the invention is not limited to the presence of four posts 16 per module, as long as the stability of the tower 10 is ensured.
  • the modules 12 are hinged to each other in the sense that the upper end of the posts 16 is connected and hinged to the floor 14 of the upper module 12. Furthermore, the posts 16 are hinged along their length. In other words, between their ends, the posts 16 have at least one joint 18 allowing them to bend. Preferably, the posts have a single hinge 18, allowing them to bend in half.
  • Figure 1 shows the tower 10 capable of occupying a folded configuration (on the left of Figure 1) in which each module 12 is in the folded position.
  • the posts 16 are then folded in two at the joint 18 along their length and folded down against the lower (of the module) and upper (of the upper module) floors by the joint at their ends.
  • Figure 1 also shows the tower 10 capable of occupying an unfolded configuration (on the right of Figure 1) by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module 12 is in the unfolded position.
  • the joints 18 in the length of the posts 16 and the joints on the floors allow the unfolding and folding of the modules 12 and therefore of the tower 10.
  • the tower 10 is therefore a one-piece, unfoldable and foldable system, for which the operator does not not have to carry and assemble the components of the structure.
  • the floors 14 and posts 16 are already in place when the tower is in the folded or unfolded configuration.
  • the tower saves time during installation and removal.
  • the advantage is that it is easier to prepare the tower before installing it because there is no risk of forgetting floors 14 or posts 16, as well as removing it.
  • the height of the tower is prepared in advance, overlapping as many 12 modules as necessary to achieve the desired height.
  • the tower in the folded configuration can be easily transported by truck - which greatly facilitates the delivery of the tower.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the unfolding of the modules 12.
  • the modules 16 are unfolded one after the other, starting from the most top of the tower.
  • a lifting device such as a crane 20 (fixed or on a vehicle), makes it possible to unfold the modules 12 one after the other, by vertical traction of the top module 121 (from above the top module 121).
  • the top module 121 supported by the crane is already in the unfolded position and the lower module 122 is being unfolded.
  • the still lower modules are still in a folded position.
  • several towers 10 with three modules 12 are already in the unfolded configuration.
  • the modules unfold by gravity, which facilitates unfolding.
  • the towers can be placed in the unfolded configuration in a juxtaposed manner or else apart then juxtaposed once in the unfolded configuration by movement by the lifting device.
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the unfolding of the modules 12.
  • a lifting device such as a forklift 22
  • the top 121 module is unfolded first, then the machine vertically lifts this module from below in order to unfold the lower module - and so on lifting the tower from below the last unfolded module.
  • the modules 16 are unfolded one after the other, starting from the highest module of the tower.
  • the modules unfold by gravity, which facilitates unfolding.
  • a tower 10 comprising, for example, three modules 12 is already in the unfolded configuration.
  • a second tower 10 is being deployed.
  • the towers can be placed in the unfolded configuration in a juxtaposed manner or else apart then juxtaposed once in the unfolded configuration by movement by the lifting device.
  • the embodiment of Figure 3 is particularly applicable in the case where access from above is not possible (in a building for example).
  • the tower 10 may include a vertical traction frame 13 of the tower 10, at the top of the upper module.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show the frame 13.
  • the posts 16 are bolted in the corners of the frame 13.
  • a lifting ring allows gripping preferably by a lifting device (whether in the deployment mode of the figure 2 or 3).
  • the ring is positioned in the axis of the center of gravity of the tower, which makes it possible to lift the highest module and, if necessary, the tower such that it remains vertical.
  • the floors 14 allow the operators to move around in the tower 10.
  • the floors are with at least one passage hatch, making it possible to pass from one module 12 to another upper or lower module 12 of the tower.
  • the floors 14 can comprise one or two passage hatches.
  • the floors can also be without passage hatch.
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a module 12 in the unfolded position.
  • the posts 16, four in number by way of example are shown in more detail - without the floor 14.
  • the posts 16 have a hinge 26 at their lower end, hingedly connecting the posts 16 to the floor 14 of the module 12.
  • the posts can also be hinged along their length, for example by the hinge 18.
  • the posts 16 include a hinge 28 at their upper end, hingedly connecting the posts 16 to floor 14 of upper module 12.
  • the module 12 (without floor) is in the unfolded position.
  • the posts 16 of each module 12 are connected in pairs by a torsion bar 30. This allows the synchronized unfolding of the posts 16 per pair, and prevents the posts from twisting. This improves the passage from one position to another of the module 12.
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a module 12 partially in the folded or unfolded position.
  • the joint 18 makes it possible to fold the posts 16 in two and the joints 26 and 28 make it possible to bring two superimposed floors closer to each other. , to reach the configuration shown on the left of Figure 1.
  • Figure 6 shows an embodiment of a module 12 in the folded position. Posts 16 are bent in half using joint 18 and joints 26 and 28 of each post 16 are brought together. In this position, the size of the modules 12 is minimal, which allows easy transport and storage.
  • Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the relative position of the joints 18, 26, 28 of each post 16, in different positions of the posts 16.
  • the joint 18 in the length of each post 16 can be offset laterally with respect to the others joints 26, 28 of the post, in the unfolded position of the module 12.
  • the post 16 On the left side of Figure 7, the post 16 is in a state corresponding to the (completely) unfolded position of the module 12; it can be seen that the axis of articulation represented by a point of the articulation 18 is not aligned with respect to the axis of articulation represented by a point of the upper 28 and lower 26 joints.
  • the posts 16 are in a stable state, allowing an operator to complete the securing of the posts and modules as will be described later more in detail.
  • the joints 18, 26, 28 of the posts are actuated so as to pass through a state in which the joint 18 is aligned with the other two joints. 26, 28; the posts 16 are in an unstable state allowing them to be manipulated.
  • FIGS 8 to 11 show an embodiment of the actuation of a safety railing of the modules 12.
  • Each module 12 may further comprise at least one safety railing 32 connected to a post 16 of each pair, the railing 32 safety blocking the joint 18 in the length of the two posts 16 of the pair in the unfolded position of the module 12 and releasing the joint 18 in the length of the two posts 16 of the pair in the folded position of the module 12.
  • the guardrail 32 therefore allows blocking of two posts 16 of the module in an unfolded state and release of the two posts 16 of the module in a folded state, which is sufficient to block or release the entire module 12.
  • the guardrail 32 allows this change of state in a synchronized manner of the two posts of each pair - and therefore of the two pairs thanks to the torsion bar 30.
  • the description of figures 8-11 applies to the two posts of the pair - in a synchronized and inverted manner .
  • Figure 8 shows the guardrail 32 sliding in a sleeve 34 of a post 16 - and sliding in a similar sleeve 34 of the other post 16 of the pair.
  • the sleeve 34 is for example fixed to a stirrup 36 of the articulation 18.
  • the upper and lower parts of the post 16 connected by the articulation 18 are in motion in the direction of the unfolded state of the post 16.
  • the railing 32 slides in the sleeve 34 - as well as in the sleeve 34 of the other post 16 of the pair. This is also visible in figures 4 to 6 (in the movement in the opposite direction, towards the folded state of the posts 16).
  • the two sleeves 34 In the unfolded position of the module 12, the two sleeves 34 are close to the free ends of the railing 32; in the folded position of the module 12, the two sleeves 34 approach each other towards the center of the railing 32.
  • the three joints 18, 26, 28 are aligned, as on the right side of Figure 7 - the post is in an unstable state.
  • the joint 18 is offset laterally relative to the other joints 26, 28 as on the left side of Figure 7 - the post is in stable condition.
  • the rotation of the guardrail 32 activates a cam follower 38 along a cam 40 until at a position of the railing 32 in which the joint 18 in the length of the posts is positioned laterally offset with respect to the other joints 26, 28 of the posts, this position of the railing 32 corresponding to the unfolded position of the modules 12 , shown in Figure 9.
  • cam follower 38 is not in cam 40; in Figure 9, the cam follower 38 is engaged in the cam 40 by the rotational movement of the guardrail 32 along the arrow 42.
  • the cam follower 38 has a movement according to the arrow 44 along the cam 40, in a helical section of the cam 40.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show the final movement of the cam follower 38 towards the end of the cam 40, in order to block the guardrail in the unfolded position of the module 12.
  • the cam 40 comprises a rectilinear section connecting the helical section to a blocking section.
  • the guardrail 32 is moved longitudinally so as to move the cam follower 38 in the straight section according to the arrow 45.
  • the posts continue the movement according to the arrows 46.
  • the cam follower 38 is reached the end of the rectilinear section of the cam 40.
  • a rotational movement of the guardrail 32 according to the arrow 48 makes it possible to engage the cam follower 38 in the blocking section of the cam 40.
  • the cam follower 38 allows the blocking of the railing 32 and therefore the blocking of the two posts 16 connected to the railing 32 in their unfolded and stable state.
  • guardrail 32 simultaneously activates cam follower 38 along cam 40 at the post of each pair to which guardrail 32 is connected.
  • the activation of the guardrail 32 by a single operator therefore makes it possible to lock or unlock the guardrail of two posts 16 and therefore of the entire module 12 in a synchronized manner. This makes it possible to quickly ensure the modules in the unfolded position or, conversely, to allow the unlocking of the modules 12 with a view to folding them. Everything is operated in a secure manner with the lifting gear supporting the modules.
  • Figure 11 shows how to secure the railing 32 and the module 12 in the unfolded position.
  • the railing 32 is immobilized with respect to the posts 16 to which it is connected by the cam follower 38 at the end of the cam 40 - this ensuring a first securing of the railing 32 and of the module 12.
  • the railing 32 is immobilized with respect to to the posts 16 to which it is connected by a pin 50 between the railing 32 and the sleeve 34 supporting the cam - this ensuring a second securing of the railing 32 and of the module 12.
  • the pin 50 extends through an orifice 52 through the sleeve 34 and the guardrail 32.
  • the guardrail 32 held with the cam followers 38 at the bottom of the cam 40 and with the pins 50 is immobilized with respect to the sleeves 34 and thus with respect to the posts 16 of the pair; guardrail 32 prevents posts
  • the disassembly process is done in the opposite direction to the assembly process described above - and is therefore just as easy while ensuring the safety of operators.
  • a lifting or vertical traction by a lifting device makes it possible to bend the modules, in particular, by passing through the unstable state of the posts, and this in a safe manner.
  • the modules can include one or more guardrails - preferably two guardrails.
  • a second guardrail 33 lower than the guardrail 32 is provided.
  • the railing 33 is connected to a post 16 of each pair by sliding in a sleeve similar to the sleeve 34.
  • a pin 50 makes it possible to fix the railing 33 in position with respect to the posts.
  • the activation of the guardrail 32 (towards the unfolded or folded position of the module) also activates the guardrail 33.
  • a plurality of pins block the posts 16 in the unfolded state as well as the railing 32 with respect to the sleeves 34 and therefore with respect to the posts 16. More specifically, preferably four pins 50 block the joint 18 in the length of at least two posts 16 and the guardrail 32 with respect to the two posts to which it is connected. According to Figure 11, a pin 50 is used to lock the guardrail 32 to each of the posts 16 of the pair to which it is connected.
  • Figure 12 shows an embodiment of the securing of the joint 18 of the posts not connected to the railing 32. A pin 50 blocks the joint 18 in the length of the posts 16.
  • a pin blocks the stirrups 36 forming the joint 18 relative to each other, passing through an orifice 54.
  • two pins 50 are used for the posts connected by the railing 32 and two pins 50 are used for the other two posts not connected by the railing 32 - thus four pins are sufficient to secure a module in the unfolded position.
  • Other pins allow in addition to block other components such as the guardrail 33 in the unfolded position of the modules.
  • FIGS 13 to 16 show an embodiment of a ladder within the modules 12.
  • the modules 12 may include a ladder 56 with a joint 58 along its length (one joint per ladder upright), the ladder 56 is rotatable around a post 16 between a position of use of the ladder 56 in the unfolded position of the respective module 12, the ladder 56 being in a plane orthogonal to the axes of rotation of the joints of the posts and a position allowing folding of the module 12. In the position allowing folding, the ladder is in the plane of the axes of rotation of the joints of the posts.
  • the scale therefore has several advantages. Ladder 56 can be folded and unfolded at the same time as the rest of the module.
  • the ladder 56 also makes it possible to reinforce the security of the modules 12 in the sense that, in the position of use, the ladder prevents the joints 18, 26, 28 from bending.
  • the ladder blocks the change of state of the posts, which further increases the security of the modules and the tower.
  • a lower module 12 is in the folded position and an upper module is in the unfolded position.
  • the ladder 56 of the upper module is in the use position in a plane orthogonal to the axes of the joints 18, 26, 28.
  • the ladder 56 can be immobilized in the use position by a fixing 60 to the railing 32. This allows to avoid a change of position of the ladder 56 during its use.
  • the scale 56 is changed position.
  • the ladder 56 is in position allowing the folding of the module 12.
  • the ladder 56 has undergone a rotation according to the arrow 62 around a post 16.
  • the ladder is in the plane of the axes of the joints 18, 26, 28.
  • the axis of the joint 58 of each upright of the ladder 56 is parallel to the axes of the joints 18, 26, 28, which allows the folding of the ladder 56 at the same time as the module - which facilitates the change module position.
  • each module 12 further comprises one or more end safety railings 68, rotatably mounted around a post 16.
  • the end railing 68 secures the installation.
  • the guardrail 68 can be mounted to rotate around a post so that it can be opened if necessary.
  • the guardrail 68 is preferably the size of a lower half-post 16, so as to prevent the passage of a person but also to bend at the same time as a pair of posts 16 connected by the torsion bar 30 This makes it possible to make the guardrail 68 operational once the module 12 has been unfolded without however hindering the folding of the module 12.
  • the guardrail 68 is rotatable around a post 16 to be opened if necessary; in the closed position, the railing 68 can be secured by a pin inserted into an orifice 70 and a post 16 opposite the post 16 around which the railing 68 is rotatable.
  • the end safety rail 68 is removable. It can be installed on the module if necessary or removed. This may be the case for modules 12 which are not at the end of the scaffolding and for which it is not useful to have such a railing 68.
  • the railing 68 is tilted by its free edge towards the high according to arrow 72 so that its edge connected to post 16 of rotation tilts according to arrow 74. be removed from the post 16. Then a lower elbow 78 of the railing 68 ensuring the rotation of the railing 68 around the post 16 can in turn be removed from the post 16 in order to completely remove the railing 68.
  • Figures 18 and 19 show an example of connecting tabs between two modules 12.
  • Figure 18 shows the tower 10 in the folded configuration with two modules 12 visible, in the folded position. The tower is ready for transport.
  • the tower 10 has connecting tabs 80 between two modules in the folded position.
  • the connecting brackets ensure that the modules cannot unfold during transport or even transhipment.
  • a connecting tab 80 is provided at each of the four corners of the modules 12.
  • a fixing member 82 makes it possible to fix a connecting tab between two modules and prevent unfolding.
  • the connecting members 80 are for example screws with a wing nut as a nut so as to easily fix or remove the connecting lugs 80.
  • the fixing lugs 80 can be rotatable relative to the modules, facilitating their use. The rotational movement can be around the fastener 82.
  • FIG. 19 shows the tower 10 in the unfolded configuration with two modules 12 visible, in the unfolded position.
  • the tower 10 may include the connecting tabs 80 between two neighboring modules 12 in the unfolded position.
  • the connecting tabs 80 make it possible to fix together two neighboring modules 12 of two different towers.
  • a rotational movement of the legs makes it possible to fix the modules together.
  • the fixing lugs 80 can comprise at one of their ends a hole for passage of the fixing members 82. Whether the fixing member 82 is tightened or loosened, the fixing lugs 80 remain hooked to the respective module, which avoids misplacing a bracket 80.
  • the brackets 80 may include another fastener passage at their other end, as shown in Figure 18.
  • the brackets 80 are then fixed by their two ends to the modules.
  • the fixing lugs 80 can also optionally comprise an indentation 81, in the shape of a comb, making it possible to fix the fixing lugs 80 to another module 12 positioned at a distance other than the gap between the two passages of fixing member of a leg.
  • the gap between the two neighboring modules 12 is less than the length of a fixing lug 80. It is therefore possible to fix the modules together by a fixing member 82 at one end of a lug 80 and by another fixing member of a neighboring module by positioning the fixing member 80 in an indentation 81 of the fixing lug 80.
  • the fixing lugs 80 thus make it possible to fix two modules 12 between them , while adapting to the space between the two modules.
  • Figure 20 shows an embodiment of telescopic extension rods.
  • the tower 10 may further comprise movable telescopic extension rods 84 between a retracted position in the floor 14 of the respective module and an extracted position from the floor 14.
  • the arrow 85 shows the movement of the rods 84 towards the extracted position.
  • a floor extension 86 can then be fixed on the rods 86 in the extracted position.
  • At least two rods 84 are provided per module, in order to ensure the stability of the extensions 86; preferably, three rods 84 are provided in order to avoid the buckling of the extensions 86 under the weight of a person.
  • the telescopic character of the rods 84 makes it possible to use these rods and extensions only if necessary, if a space exists between the tower and a building against which the tower is unfolded. This also makes it possible to take into account standards where applicable.
  • the extensions 86 are for example placed on the floor during the preparation of the tower before installation; it is then sufficient to position the extensions 86 on the rods 84 according to the arrow 88.
  • the extensions 86 can be secured to the rods 84 by a fixing such as nuts, butterfly, pins or clips.
  • the extensions 86 can also be fixed to a component of the module during the preparation of the tower before installation or disassembly to prevent a fall during the unfolding or folding of the modules. It is also possible that the extensions 86 are placed on the rods 84 when folding or unfolding the modules.
  • tower 10 may also include triangulation cables 90 that are removable or permanently attached to the modules.
  • the triangulation cables 90 make it possible to avoid the lateral folding of the modules, and therefore of the tower.
  • the cables 90 are for example easily screwed by butterfly nuts between two floors. They are removable or permanently depending on whether or not these slack cables 90 interfere with the handling of the tower in the folded position.
  • the scaffolding 9 may comprise one or more towers 12 as a complement or in association with one or more conventional scaffolding bays.
  • conventional scaffolding we mean a scaffolding assembled by assembling tubes and fittings or with prefabricated elements (mainly scaffolding, "multidirectional", “frame”, or even more rarely mobile or suspended scaffolding / console) in which the floors are gradually mounted on the desired length and height of the scaffolding.
  • a conventional scaffolding is a scaffolding capable of being erected by successive assembly of individual elements.
  • a conventional scaffolding span is capable of being erected by successive assembly of unitary elements (floors, posts, connection nodes, collars, braces, stabilizers, console or storage space, floor extensions, rubble guards, crosspieces, chute evacuation, etc).
  • unitary elements floors, posts, connection nodes, collars, braces, stabilizers, console or storage space, floor extensions, rubble guards, crosspieces, chute evacuation, etc.
  • construction sites can have specific features such as a sidewalk, a door, a slope of the ground, etc. which complicate and delay the installation of scaffolding because the specificity has to be overcome while allowing pedestrian, road, etc. passage.
  • the scaffolding 9 may comprise a part in the form of a conventional scaffolding 120 and another part in the form of a tower 10 having the characteristics described elsewhere.
  • the scaffolding 9 may comprise at least one tower 10 comprising a plurality of modules 12 hinged one above the other, the tower being capable of occupying different configurations, in association with one or more spans of conventional scaffolding 120 (potentially by being secured together), that is to say, in association with one or more scaffolding bays capable of being erected by successive assembly of unitary elements (structural elements or equipment).
  • the synergy between the 10 tower(s) and the conventional scaffolding bays makes it possible to obtain scaffolding that is quick to install or dismantle and adapts to different site configurations.
  • Such scaffolding ensures a cost saving in the installation and dismantling of the scaffolding.
  • the scaffolding ensures the safety of operators and people outside the site.
  • the conventional scaffolding bays may be below (for example, as a pedestrian crossing type base or to compensate for a difference in height), above (for example as "bottom of slope protection", as "half-frame” or “half-level” to adjust the height of scaffolding, as a roof access walkway, as a shoring tower or as a formwork support), on the sides or in juxtaposition (for example a floor or a column in multi-directional or tubes and fittings, such as a crosspiece , a jib, a beam or a walkway), at the rear of the scaffolding (for example, as an additional row of scaffolding to facilitate circulation, for storage or as an access or lifting tree), at the front of the scaffolding (in the case of multiple rows, as an access walkway to the roof or to match a slope such as for example on shipyards or under bleachers), or even as an interface between two vertically superimposed towers 10 .
  • the lowest module 12 of the tower 10 may include cylinders
  • the jacks 92 are for example telescopic parts - for example by screwing/unscrewing - making it possible to adjust the flatness of the tower according to the ground.
  • Flat base 92 jacks allow the lowest module to be placed on the ground.
  • the jacks 92 with flanges make it possible to fix the lowest module, and therefore the tower, to a lower structure. For example, it is possible to mount the tower on a lower scaffolding allowing the passage of people along a sidewalk, to compensate for a difference in level of the ground or to allow the tower to overcome a door. It is thus possible to combine or associate one or more towers 10 and possibly the resulting scaffolding with a conventional scaffolding (as described previously).
  • the tower by covering it at its top with a scaffolding protection at the bottom of the slope suitable for roofing work, or even with a half-frame allowing the workstation to be positioned precisely at the desired height (under a gutter or at the level of an acroterion for example), or even a walkway leading to the roof, or even a support allowing the recovery of a heavy load when used as a shoring tower or as a formwork support.
  • the tower by adding one or more rows of scaffolding at the back to allow better circulation, whether it has a grip on the ground or whether it is used "in console" of the tower. 10/of the scaffolding 9, or even an access fir tree allowing workers to better circulate on floors without getting in the way, a lifting fir tree allowing materials to be transported to the right height, or even as a storage space for materials to be height of use (tile, plaster, etc.).
  • FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of a junction 94 between two neighboring modules 12.
  • Junctions 94 are positioned between two neighboring modules 12 separated by a space. Junctions make it possible to connect two modules of two different towers when a gap exists and this gap cannot be filled by a tower or a module. Junctions 94 then serve as bridges or footbridges. Modules can be in the same alignment but separated by a space. Junction 94 then makes it possible to extend the two neighboring modules towards each other. The modules can be perpendicular to each other (for example to follow a corner of a building) leaving an empty angle between the two. Junction 94 then makes it possible to bridge the angle between the two neighboring modules.
  • Junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) comprises a floor 14 and a safety barrier 96.
  • the barrier is hinged to the floor, which allows it to be folded to reduce its size during transport of the junctions 94.
  • the barrier 96 comprises a locking member 98 allowing the barrier to be locked with the railing 32 of the neighboring module to ensure the operator safety.
  • Two safety barriers 96 can also be considered in the case of a corner junction 94.
  • the junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) can also comprise a retractable lifting ring 102 in the floor 14 to the right of the top of the safety barrier 96 positioned between 50 and 70° relative to the floor - preferably about 60° - and a double lifting eye 104 on the top of the barrier.
  • the junction is able to remain substantially horizontal by lifting by a cable 100 fixed between the two rings 102, 104 (now the inclined barrier) and by a cable 106 fixed to the ring 104.
  • One or the other of the floor and of the neighboring module 12 comprises projecting plates supporting an axis 108 penetrating into a respective orifice of the other of the floor or of the neighboring module 12.
  • the junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) can comprise plates projecting from the floor 14 supporting the axis 108 penetrating into the respective orifice of a neighboring module. This makes it possible to securely fasten the junction with the neighboring module.
  • a pin can be provided to block the withdrawal of the pin 108 from the hole. This makes it possible to secure the attachment of junctions 94 to modules 12.
  • FIG. 22 shows an embodiment of junction 94 between two neighboring modules. Junctions 94 are positioned between two neighboring modules 12 separated by an angle. A bottom view is shown. A junction 94 intended to connect two neighboring modules 12 separated by an angle can comprise a floor 14 and cross beams 110 on which the floor 14 rests. This ensures the stability of the junction 94 trampled by an operator.
  • Junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) can also include extension rods 84 as described above to support an extension 86.
  • Figure 23 shows an embodiment of module 12 with a staircase 112.
  • the staircase 112 makes it easy to move between the modules, within the scaffolding tower; for example, the staircase allows operators to move more easily while carrying loads with both hands, which is not possible with the ladder 56.
  • the staircase 112 can be attached in an unfolded module - or removed before folding the module.
  • the staircase 112 is hinged to the module 12 and is put in place during the unfolding of the module or follows the movement of the module during the folding.
  • the staircase 112 is articulated to the module by its upper end and is able to slide on the floor of the module 12 by its lower end.
  • the staircase 112 follows the change in position of the module. In the folded position of the module, the lower end of the staircase 112 slides and slides out of the module.
  • the lower end of the staircase 112 slides and slides inside the module. Once the module has been unfolded and the staircase 112 in place, the lower end of the staircase 112 is locked, for example by pin.
  • the upper end of the staircase 112 is for example articulated by the two uprights to the posts 16 or to the torsion bar 30.
  • the staircase 112 makes it possible to reach an upper module (or to descend from it) by an empty passage of the floor 14 - which can be closed by a hatch, or not.
  • the invention is therefore a modular, foldable scaffolding solution with simplified assembly. This saves installation time because, in general, such an installation often condemns a street.
  • the scaffolding is in one piece, in foldable and unfoldable modules over, for example, at least 6 m, preferably at least 10 m.
  • the scaffolding can reach 20 m high, even 30 meters.
  • the scaffolding consists of juxtaposable towers; the scaffolding is devoid of stability arms by resting on the ground extending beyond the ground surface of the modules, which makes it possible to juxtapose the towers in series (but may include one if a single one is used turn 10).
  • the deployment of a tower is carried out without human intervention, but in a mechanized way, preferably by a lifting device; it reduces accidents.
  • the tower may have a number of components (such as posts, floors, guard rails, ladders, etc. if applicable) already in place in the folded position of the tower and which are in place in the unfolded position - and vice versa.
  • a 10 m tower can weigh between 1000 to 2000 Kg - for example, which is not possible for a man to handle with his bare hands (but by a lifting device).
  • the modules are for example more than 2 meters wide, but preferably less than 2.4 meters wide to contain across a truck 2.5 meters wide.
  • the junctions can measure, for example, between 2 and 4 meters in length.
  • the towers are of a height suitable for the use mentioned above, and are able to be juxtaposed to cover a great length of use.
  • the assembly is done in columns and lateral juxtapositions and not in line as traditionally.
  • the unfoldable and foldable character by articulation allows a very high level of folded compactness.
  • Towers 10 have the ability to be pre-assembled and hinge-folded assemblies, which makes them as compact as possible. They are unfolded (and folded) by a lifting device, which lifts the entire tower (from above or from below the last unfolded module). All the components are already assembled, no manual operation on the floor is necessary for installation and dismantling - only the actuation of the safety devices described.
  • the lifting device is for example a crane, a forklift, a truck crane, a manuscopic, etc.
  • the fact that the unfolding or folding method described above of the modules during installation or dismantling is possible only by vertical lifting of the modules by the lifting device for each module level, assumes that the lifting means be present.
  • the lifting device secures both installation and dismantling (and therefore the lowering of modules and towers). This avoids the folding being done by a sudden fall from a level without being hooked and secured from above by the lifting device.
  • the process steps described for folding and unfolding the modules and the towers, as well as the juxtaposition of the towers, ensure time savings and operator safety.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention proposes a scaffolding tower (10) comprising a plurality of modules (12) articulated one above another, each module (12) comprising a floor (14) and posts (16) articulated with the floor (14), the posts (16) additionally being articulated along their length, the scaffolding tower (10) being able to adopt a folded configuration, in which each module (12) is in a folded position, and an unfolded configuration, obtained by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module (12) is in an unfolded position. The invention also relates to a scaffold. The invention allows time to be saved and permits enhanced safety.

Description

Tour d’échafaudage et échafaudage et utilisation de la tour et de l’échafaudage Scaffolding tower and scaffolding and use of tower and scaffolding
Domaine de l’invention L’invention concerne une tour d’échafaudage, un échafaudage comprenant la tour et rutilisation de la tour et de l’échafaudage. Field of the invention The invention relates to a scaffolding tower, a scaffolding comprising the tower and the use of the tower and the scaffolding.
Etat de la technique State of the art
Lors de la réalisation de chantier ou d’évènements provisoires, un échafaudage peut être utilisé. L’installation de l’échafaudage requiert de monter les étages progressivement sur la longueur de l’échafaudage. Les poteaux et planchers sont progressivement assemblés les uns après les autres, jusqu’à obtenir la hauteur souhaitée. When carrying out work or temporary events, scaffolding can be used. The installation of the scaffolding requires climbing the floors gradually over the length of the scaffolding. The posts and floors are gradually assembled one after the other, until the desired height is obtained.
L’installation d’échafaudages traditionnels est longue, depuis la préparation avant la livraison sur site des différentes parties jusqu’au montage - et n’est pas exempt de dangers lors du montage ou démontage. The installation of traditional scaffolding is long, from the preparation before the delivery on site of the various parts to the assembly - and is not exempt from dangers during assembly or dismantling.
Exposé de l’invention Disclosure of Invention
Le but de l’invention est de fournir un échafaudage qui soit plus rapide à installer et ce, de manière sûre. Pour cela l’invention propose une tour d’échafaudage comprenant une pluralité de modules articulés les uns au-dessus des autres, chaque module comprenant un plancher et des poteaux articulés au plancher, les poteaux étant en outre articulés dans leur longueur, la tour d’échafaudage étant apte à occuper une configuration pliée dans laquelle chaque module est en position pliée et une configuration dépliée par dépliage vertical module par module, dans laquelle chaque module est en position dépliée. The object of the invention is to provide a scaffolding which is quicker to install and in a safe manner. For this, the invention proposes a scaffolding tower comprising a plurality of modules hinged one above the other, each module comprising a floor and posts hinged to the floor, the posts further being hinged along their length, the tower scaffolding being capable of occupying a folded configuration in which each module is in the folded position and an unfolded configuration by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module is in the unfolded position.
Selon une variante, les modules sont dépliés les uns indépendamment des autres.According to a variant, the modules are unfolded independently of each other.
Selon une variante, un module est apte à se déplier par traction verticale du module du haut ou par soulèvement vertical du dernier module déplié. According to a variant, a module is able to unfold by vertical traction of the top module or by vertical lifting of the last unfolded module.
Selon une variante, chaque poteau d’un module comporte une articulation au plancher dudit module et une articulation au plancher du module supérieur, chaque poteau comportant en outre une articulation dans la longueur qui est décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations du poteau, dans la position dépliée du module. According to a variant, each post of a module comprises an articulation on the floor of said module and an articulation on the floor of the upper module, each post also comprising a joint in the length which is offset laterally with respect to the other joints of the post, in the unfolded position of the module.
Selon une variante, le passage vers la position pliée ou dépliée d’un module est possible uniquement par soulèvement verticale du module. Selon une variante, entre la position pliée des modules et la position dépliée des modules, l’articulation dans la longueur des poteaux est alignée avec les autres articulations des poteaux aux planchers et dans la position dépliée des modules, l’articulation dans la longueur des poteaux est décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations des poteaux aux planchers. Selon une variante, les poteaux de chaque module sont reliés par paire par une barre de torsion, chaque module comprend en outre au moins une rambarde de sécurité reliée à une poteau de chaque paire, la rambarde de sécurité bloquant l’articulation dans la longueur des deux poteaux de la paire dans la position dépliée du module et libérant l’articulation dans la longueur des deux poteaux de la paire dans la position pliée du module. According to a variant, the transition to the folded or unfolded position of a module is possible only by vertical lifting of the module. According to a variant, between the folded position of the modules and the unfolded position of the modules, the joint in the length of the posts is aligned with the other joints of the posts on the floors and in the unfolded position of the modules, the joint in the length of the columns is offset laterally with respect to the other joints of the columns to the floors. According to a variant, the posts of each module are connected in pairs by a bar torsion, each module further comprises at least one safety rail connected to a post of each pair, the safety rail blocking the articulation in the length of the two posts of the pair in the unfolded position of the module and releasing the articulation in the length of the two posts of the pair in the folded position of the module.
Selon une variante, dans la position alignée de l’articulation dans la longueur des poteaux avec les autres articulations des poteaux aux planchers, la rotation de la rambarde active un suiveur de came le long d’une came jusqu’à une position de la rambarde dans laquelle l’articulation dans la longueur des poteaux est positionnée de manière décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations des poteaux aux planchers, cette position de la rambarde correspondant à la position dépliée des modules. According to a variant, in the aligned position of the joint in the length of the posts with the other joints of the posts at the floors, the rotation of the railing activates a cam follower along a cam to a position of the railing wherein the joint in the length of the posts is positioned laterally offset from the other joints of the posts to the floors, this position of the railing corresponding to the unfolded position of the modules.
Selon une variante, la rotation de la rambarde active simultanément un suiveur de came le long d’une came au niveau du poteau de chaque paire auxquels la rambarde est reliée. Selon une variante, la rambarde est immobilisée par rapport aux poteaux auxquels elle est reliée par le suiveur de came en bout de came et par une goupille entre la rambarde et un manchon supportant la came, les deux poteaux auxquels la rambarde est reliée et les modules sont maintenus en position dépliée. Alternatively, rotation of the guardrail simultaneously activates a cam follower along a cam at the post of each pair to which the guardrail is connected. According to a variant, the railing is immobilized with respect to the posts to which it is connected by the cam follower at the end of the cam and by a pin between the railing and a sleeve supporting the cam, the two posts to which the railing is connected and the modules are held in the unfolded position.
Selon une variante, en position dépliée des modules, une pluralité de goupilles, de préférence quatre goupilles, bloquent l’articulation dans la longueur d’au moins deux poteaux et la rambarde par rapport aux deux poteaux auxquels elle est reliée. According to a variant, in the unfolded position of the modules, a plurality of pins, preferably four pins, block the articulation in the length of at least two posts and the guardrail with respect to the two posts to which it is connected.
Selon une variante, les modules comprennent une échelle avec une articulation dans sa longueur, l’échelle est mobile en rotation autour d’un poteau entre une position d’utilisation de l’échelle dans la position dépliée du module respectif, l’échelle étant dans un plan orthogonal aux axes des articulations des poteaux et une position autorisant le pliage du module. According to a variant, the modules comprise a ladder with an articulation in its length, the ladder is rotatable around a post between a position of use of the ladder in the unfolded position of the respective module, the ladder being in a plane orthogonal to the axes of the post joints and a position allowing the folding of the module.
Selon une variante, chaque module comprend en outre au moins une rambarde de sécurité d’extrémité, montée à rotation autour d’un poteau et optionnellement amovible. According to a variant, each module further comprises at least one end safety railing, rotatably mounted around a post and optionally removable.
Selon une variante, la tour comprend en outre un cadre de traction vertical de la tour en haut du module supérieur. Alternatively, the tower further includes a vertical tower traction frame at the top of the upper module.
Selon une variante, les planchers sont avec au moins une trappe de passage ou sans trappe de passage. According to a variant, the floors are with at least one passage hatch or without a passage hatch.
Selon une variante, la tour comprend en outre des pattes de liaison entre deux modules en position pliée ou entre deux modules voisins en position dépliée, les pattes de liaison comprenant de manière optionnelle une indentation s’adaptant à l’écart entre les modules. According to a variant, the tower further comprises connecting tabs between two modules in the folded position or between two neighboring modules in the unfolded position, the connecting tabs optionally comprising an indentation adapting to the gap between the modules.
Selon une variante, la tour comprend en outre des tiges allonges télescopiques mobiles entre une position rétractée dans le plancher et une position extraite du plancher, une rallonge de plancher étant fixée sur les tiges en position extraite. Selon une variante, la tour comprend en outre des câbles de triangulation amovibles ou à demeure sur les modules. Selon une variante, le module le plus bas comporte des vérins à base plate ou à brides. According to a variant, the tower further comprises movable telescopic extension rods between a retracted position in the floor and an extracted position from the floor, a floor extension being fixed on the rods in the extracted position. According to a variant, the tower further comprises triangulation cables that are removable or permanently attached to the modules. According to a variant, the lowest module comprises cylinders with a flat base or with flanges.
Selon une variante, le module comprend un escalier articulé au module par une extrémité. L’invention se rapporte aussi à une utilisation de la tour d’échafaudage décrite précédemment, en tant que construction provisoire pour des chantiers de construction, en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’événementiel tels stands rapides, gradin privatif ou support de gradin pour un spectacle, une manifestation sportive ou des attractions, en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’observation ou de la prise de mesure, en tant que support provisoire tel que pour une antenne, des capteurs, de l’éclairage, du matériel de sonorisation, des câbles électriques ou de la publicité, en tant que construction provisoire pour l’enjambement d’une voirie, en tant que poste de travail en hauteur dans l'industrie, en tant que rayonnage ou étagère provisoires pour des commerces ou des entrepôts, en tant que sapine ou tour d’accès ou tour d’étaiement, en tant que complément ou en association d’une ou plusieurs travées d'échafaudage conventionnel. According to a variant, the module comprises a staircase articulated to the module by one end. The invention also relates to a use of the scaffolding tower described above, as a temporary construction for construction sites, as a temporary construction for events such as quick stands, private bleachers or bleacher supports for a show, a sporting event or attractions, as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support such as for an antenna, sensors, lighting, sound equipment , electric cables or advertising, as a temporary construction for spanning a road, as a work station at height in industry, as temporary shelving or shelving for shops or warehouses, as a fir tree or access tower or shoring tower, as a complement or in combination with one or more conventional scaffolding bays.
L’invention se rapporte aussi à un échafaudage comprenant une pluralité de tours d’échafaudage décrites précédemment, les tours étant juxtaposées les unes aux autres. The invention also relates to a scaffolding comprising a plurality of scaffolding towers described above, the towers being juxtaposed to each other.
Selon une variante, des jonctions sont positionnés entre deux modules voisins séparés par un espace ou un angle. L’invention se rapporte aussi à une utilisation de l’échafaudage tel que décrit précédemment, en tant que construction provisoire pour des chantiers de constmction, en tant que constmction provisoire pour de l’événementiel tels stands rapides, gradin privatif ou support de gradin pour un spectacle, une manifestation sportive ou des attractions, en tant que constmction provisoire pour de l’observation ou de la prise de mesure, en tant que support provisoire tel que pour une antenne, des capteurs, de l’éclairage, du matériel de sonorisation, des câbles électriques ou de la publicité, en tant que constmction provisoire pour l’enjambement d’une voirie, en tant que poste de travail en hauteur dans l'industrie, en tant que rayonnage ou étagère provisoires pour des commerces ou des entrepôts, en tant que complément ou en association d’une ou plusieurs travées d'échafaudage conventionnel. According to a variant, junctions are positioned between two neighboring modules separated by a space or an angle. The invention also relates to a use of the scaffolding as described above, as a temporary construction for construction sites, as a temporary construction for events such as quick stands, private bleachers or bleacher support for a show, a sporting event or attractions, as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support such as for an antenna, sensors, lighting, sound equipment , electric cables or advertising, as a temporary construction for crossing a road, as a work station at height in industry, as temporary shelving or shelving for shops or warehouses, as a complement or in combination with one or more conventional scaffold spans.
L’ensemble des modes de réalisation ainsi que l’ensemble des avantages des modules et de la tour d’échafaudage se transposent mutatis mutandis à l’échafaudage et inversement. Les différents modes de réalisation peuvent être pris en combinaison ou individuellement. All of the embodiments as well as all of the advantages of the modules and the scaffolding tower apply mutatis mutandis to the scaffolding and vice versa. The different embodiments can be taken in combination or individually.
Brève description des figures Brief description of figures
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux figures annexées qui montrent : - la figure 1 est un exemple de réalisation d’une tour d’échafaudage ; la figure 2 montre un exemple de réalisation du dépliage des modules de la tour ; la figure 3 montre un autre exemple de réalisation du dépliage des modules de la tour ; la figure 4 montre un exemple de réalisation d’un module en position dépliée ; la figure 5 montre un exemple de réalisation d’un module partiellement en position pliée ou dépliée ; la figure 6 montre un exemple de réalisation d’un module en position pliée ; la figure 7 montre un exemple de réalisation de la position relative des articulations de chaque poteau ; la figure 8 montre un exemple de réalisation de l’actionnement d’une rambarde de sécurité des modules ; la figure 9 montre un exemple de réalisation de l’actionnement d’une rambarde de sécurité des modules ; la figure 10 montre un exemple de réalisation de l’actionnement d’une rambarde de sécurité des modules ; la figure 11 montre un exemple de réalisation de l’actionnement d’une rambarde de sécurité des modules ; la figure 12 montre un exemple de réalisation de la sécurisation de l’articulation des poteaux ; la figure 13 montre un exemple de réalisation d’une échelle au sein des modules ; la figure 14 montre un exemple de réalisation d’une échelle au sein des modules ; la figure 15 montre un exemple de réalisation d’une échelle au sein des modules ; la figure 16 montre un exemple de réalisation d’une échelle au sein des modules ; la figure 17 montre un exemple de réalisation d’une rambarde de sécurité d’extrémité ; la figure 18 montre un exemple de pattes de liaison entre deux modules ; la figure 19 montre un exemple de pattes de liaison entre deux modules ; la figure 20 montre un exemple de réalisation de tiges allonges télescopiques ; la figure 21 montre un exemple de réalisation de jonction entre deux modules voisins ; la figure 22 montre un exemple de réalisation de jonction entre deux modules voisins ; la figure 23 montre un exemple de réalisation de module avec un escalier ; la figure 24 montre un exemple d’échafaudage 9 comprenant une pluralité de tour d’échafaudage en association avec plusieurs travées d’échafaudage aptes à être dressées par assemblage successif d’éléments unitaires. Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following detailed description for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended figures which show: - figure 1 is an embodiment of a scaffolding tower ; FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the unfolding of the modules of the tower; FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the unfolding of the modules of the tower; FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a module in the unfolded position; FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a module partially in the folded or unfolded position; FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a module in the folded position; Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the relative position of the joints of each post; FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail; FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail; FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail; FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the actuation of a module safety rail; FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of securing the articulation of the posts; FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules; FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules; FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules; FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a ladder within the modules; FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of an end safety rail; FIG. 18 shows an example of connecting tabs between two modules; FIG. 19 shows an example of connecting tabs between two modules; FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of telescopic extension rods; FIG. 21 shows an example embodiment of a junction between two neighboring modules; FIG. 22 shows an example embodiment of a junction between two neighboring modules; FIG. 23 shows an example embodiment of a module with a staircase; FIG. 24 shows an example of scaffolding 9 comprising a plurality of scaffolding towers in association with several scaffolding spans able to be erected by successive assembly of unitary elements.
Les dessins des figures ne sont pas à l’échelle. Des éléments semblables sont en général dénotés par des références semblables dans les figures. Dans le cadre du présent document, les éléments identiques ou analogues peuvent porter les mêmes références. En outre, la présence de numéros ou lettres de référence aux dessins ne peut être considérée comme limitative, y compris lorsque ces numéros ou lettres sont indiqués dans les revendications. Description détaillée de modes de réalisation de l’invention Figure drawings are not to scale. Like elements are generally denoted by like references in the figures. In the context of this document, identical or similar elements may bear the same references. Furthermore, the presence of reference numbers or letters in the drawings cannot be considered as limiting, including when these numbers or letters are indicated in the claims. Detailed Description of Embodiments of the Invention
L’invention propose une tour d’échafaudage comprenant une pluralité de modules articulés les uns au-dessus des autres, chaque module comprenant un plancher et des poteaux articulés au plancher, les poteaux étant en outre articulés dans leur longueur. La tour d’échafaudage est apte à occuper une configuration pliée dans laquelle chaque module est en position pliée et une configuration dépliée par dépliage vertical module par module, dans laquelle chaque module est en position dépliée. L’avantage est de réaliser un gain en temps et en coût à l’installation et au démontage de la tour, tout en favorisant la sécurité des opérateurs assurant l’installation de la tour. The invention proposes a scaffolding tower comprising a plurality of modules hinged one above the other, each module comprising a floor and posts hinged to the floor, the posts further being hinged along their length. The scaffolding tower is capable of occupying a folded configuration in which each module is in the folded position and an unfolded configuration by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module is in the unfolded position. The advantage is to save time and cost when installing and dismantling the tower, while promoting the safety of the operators installing the tower.
En juxtaposant une pluralité de tours d’échafaudage les unes aux autres dans une configuration dépliée, dans laquelle chaque module est en position dépliée, on obtient un échafaudage. L’échafaudage est un assemblage entre elles de tours sous forme de colonne ; les tours peuvent être mise en configuration dépliées côte à côte ou bien dépliées à quelques mètres (par exemple dans la me voisine du lieu d’utilisation de l’échafaudage) puis juxtaposées les unes aux autres en configuration dépliée. Il en va de même pour le démontage. L’installation de l’échafaudage en procédant à un assemblage en série de tours permet un gain de temps - ce qui est le cas aussi au démontage. Par juxtaposition de tours, on entend que les tours et modules sont côte à côte, alignés, voisins, sans nécessairement se toucher ; un espace peut exister entre les tours. Également, on entend par juxtaposition que les tours et modules soient voisins, perpendiculaires entre eux (par exemple pour suivre un angle de bâtiment) laissant un angle vide entre les deux. By juxtaposing a plurality of scaffold towers to each other in an unfolded configuration, in which each module is in the unfolded position, a scaffold is obtained. The scaffolding is an assembly between them of towers in the form of a column; the towers can be placed in the unfolded configuration side by side or even unfolded a few meters away (for example in the area next to the place of use of the scaffolding) then juxtaposed to each other in the unfolded configuration. The same goes for dismantling. The installation of the scaffolding by assembling the towers in series saves time - which is also the case with dismantling. By juxtaposition of towers, it is meant that the towers and modules are side by side, aligned, neighboring, without necessarily touching; a gap may exist between the towers. Also, by juxtaposition is meant that the towers and modules are adjacent, perpendicular to each other (for example to follow a corner of a building) leaving an empty angle between the two.
La figure 1 montre un exemple de réalisation d’une tour 10 d’échafaudage et l’échafaudage qui en résulte lors de la juxtaposition d’une pluralité de tours. La tour d’échafaudage et l’échafaudage qui en résulte lors de la juxtaposition d’une pluralité de tours peuvent être utilisés en tant que construction provisoire pour des chantiers de construction, en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’événementiel (stands rapides, gradin privatif ou support de gradin pour un spectacle, une manifestation sportive ou des attractions, etc.), en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’observation ou de la prise de mesure, en tant que support provisoire (d’antenne, de capteurs, d’éclairage, de matériel de sonorisation de câbles électrique ou de publicité), en tant que construction provisoire pour l’enjambement d’une voirie, en tant que poste de travail en hauteur dans l'industrie, en tant que rayonnage ou étagère provisoires pour des commerces ou des entrepôts, en tant que sapine ou tour d’accès ou tour d’étaiement, en tant que complément ou en association d'une ou plusieurs travées d'échafaudage conventionnel. Par échafaudage conventionnel, on entend un échafaudage monté par assemblage de tubes et raccords ou avec des éléments préfabriqués (échafaudage à "cadre", mais surtout également "multidirectionnel") dans lequel les étages sont progressivement monté sur la longueur et la hauteur de l’échafaudage souhaitées. En d’autres termes, un échafaudage conventionnel est apte à être dressé par assemblage successif d’éléments unitairement (planchers, poteaux, nœuds de connexion, colliers, contreventements, stabilisateurs, console ou espace de stockage, rallonges de planchers, pare-gravats, traverses, goulotte d’évacuation, etc.)· Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a scaffolding tower 10 and the resulting scaffolding when a plurality of towers are juxtaposed. The scaffolding tower and the resulting scaffolding when a plurality of towers are juxtaposed can be used as temporary construction for construction sites, as temporary construction for events (quick stands, private bleacher or bleacher support for a show, sporting event or attractions, etc.), as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support (for antennas, sensors , lighting, sound equipment, electric cables or advertising), as temporary construction for spanning a road, as a workstation at height in industry, as shelving or shelving temporary for shops or warehouses, as a fir tree or access tower or shoring tower, as a complement or in association with one or more conventional scaffolding bays. Conventional scaffolding means scaffolding assembled by assembling tubes and fittings or with prefabricated elements ("frame" scaffolding, but above all also "multidirectional") in which the floors are gradually assembled over the length and height of the desired scaffolding. In other words, a conventional scaffold is capable of being erected by successive assembly of elements individually (floors, posts, connection nodes, collars, braces, stabilizers, console or storage space, floor extensions, rubble guards, crosspieces, evacuation chute, etc.)
La tour 10 comprend une pluralité de modules 12 articulés les uns au-dessus des autres. Six modules 12 sont représentés à titre d’exemple sur la figure 1 ; il est bien entendu que la tour puisse comporter plus ou moins de modules 12, selon l’utilisation qui en est faite. Chaque module 12 comprend un plancher 14 et des poteaux 16. Les poteaux permettent de soutenir les modules supérieurs. Les planchers sont une surface permettant aux opérateurs de se déplacer. Les planchers sont par exemple une surface monobloc avec une structure de rigidifïcation (telle un cadre) ou une surface soutenue par ladite structure. La surface peut être en métal, bois ou fibre de verre. La surface peut être fixée à demeure à la structure ou encore amovible par rapport à la structure. La surface peut être d’un seul tenant ou composée de sous-parties - par exemple de 20 à 35 cm de large. Les modules comportent des composants, tels que les poteaux ou des renforcements de plancher, par exemple en métal ou en fibre de verre. On peut envisager que le plancher d’un module soit soutenu par les poteaux dudit module ; de préférence (et comme décrit par la suite mais de façon non limitative), un module comprend le plancher 14 sur lequel sont posés et articulés les poteaux 16 - par leur extrémité inférieure. Les modules 12 peuvent comporter quatre poteaux 16 afin d’assurer la stabilité de la tour 10. Mais l’invention n’est pas limitée à la présence de quatre poteaux 16 par module, tant que la stabilité de la tour 10 est assurée. Les modules 12 sont articulés les uns aux autres dans le sens où l’extrémité supérieure des poteaux 16 est reliée et articulée au plancher 14 du module 12 supérieur. En outre, les poteaux 16 sont articulés dans leur longueur. En d’autres termes, entre leurs extrémités, les poteaux 16 comportent au moins une articulation 18 leur permettant de se plier. De préférence, les poteaux comportent une seule articulation 18, leur permettant de se plier en deux. The tower 10 comprises a plurality of modules 12 hinged one above the other. Six modules 12 are represented by way of example in FIG. 1; it is understood that the tower can have more or less than 12 modules, depending on the use made of it. Each module 12 comprises a floor 14 and posts 16. The posts are used to support the upper modules. Floors are a surface allowing operators to move around. The floors are for example a one-piece surface with a stiffening structure (such as a frame) or a surface supported by said structure. The surface can be metal, wood or fiberglass. The surface can be fixed permanently to the structure or even removable with respect to the structure. The surface can be one-piece or made up of sub-parts - for example, 20-35 cm wide. The modules include components, such as posts or floor reinforcements, for example made of metal or fiberglass. It is possible to envisage that the floor of a module be supported by the posts of said module; preferably (and as described below but in a non-limiting manner), a module comprises the floor 14 on which the posts 16 are placed and articulated by their lower end. The modules 12 may comprise four posts 16 in order to ensure the stability of the tower 10. But the invention is not limited to the presence of four posts 16 per module, as long as the stability of the tower 10 is ensured. The modules 12 are hinged to each other in the sense that the upper end of the posts 16 is connected and hinged to the floor 14 of the upper module 12. Furthermore, the posts 16 are hinged along their length. In other words, between their ends, the posts 16 have at least one joint 18 allowing them to bend. Preferably, the posts have a single hinge 18, allowing them to bend in half.
La figure 1 montre la tour 10 apte à occuper une configuration pliée (sur la gauche de la figure 1) dans laquelle chaque module 12 est en position pliée. Les poteaux 16 sont alors pliés en deux au niveau de l’articulation 18 dans leur longueur et rabattus contre les planchers inférieur (du module) et supérieur (du module supérieur) par l’articulation à leurs extrémités. La figure 1 montre aussi la tour 10 apte à occuper une configuration dépliée (sur la droite de la figure 1) par dépliage vertical module par module, dans laquelle chaque module 12 est en position dépliée. Les articulations 18 dans la longueur des poteaux 16 et les articulations aux planchers permettent le dépliage et le pliage des modules 12 et donc de la tour 10. La tour 10 est donc un système monobloc, dépliable et pliable, pour lequel l’opérateur n’a pas à charrier et assembler des composants de la structure. Les planchers 14 et poteaux 16 sont déjà en place lorsque la tour est dans la configuration pliée ou dépliée. La tour permet un gain de temps lors de sa mise en place et son retrait. L’avantage est qu’il est plus aisé de préparer la tour avant de l’installer car il n’y a pas de risque d’oubli de planchers 14 ou de poteaux 16, ainsi que pour la retirer. En outre, la hauteur de la tour est préparée à l’avance, en superposant autant de modules 12 que nécessaires pour parvenir à la hauteur souhaitée. En outre, la tour en configuration pliée peut être aisément transportée par un camion - ce qui facilite grandement la livraison de la tour. Figure 1 shows the tower 10 capable of occupying a folded configuration (on the left of Figure 1) in which each module 12 is in the folded position. The posts 16 are then folded in two at the joint 18 along their length and folded down against the lower (of the module) and upper (of the upper module) floors by the joint at their ends. Figure 1 also shows the tower 10 capable of occupying an unfolded configuration (on the right of Figure 1) by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module 12 is in the unfolded position. The joints 18 in the length of the posts 16 and the joints on the floors allow the unfolding and folding of the modules 12 and therefore of the tower 10. The tower 10 is therefore a one-piece, unfoldable and foldable system, for which the operator does not not have to carry and assemble the components of the structure. The floors 14 and posts 16 are already in place when the tower is in the folded or unfolded configuration. The tower saves time during installation and removal. The advantage is that it is easier to prepare the tower before installing it because there is no risk of forgetting floors 14 or posts 16, as well as removing it. In addition, the height of the tower is prepared in advance, overlapping as many 12 modules as necessary to achieve the desired height. Furthermore, the tower in the folded configuration can be easily transported by truck - which greatly facilitates the delivery of the tower.
La figure 2 montre un exemple de réalisation du dépliage des modules 12. On voit aussi la constitution de l’échafaudage 9 par juxtaposition des tours 10. En pratique, les modules 16 sont dépliés les uns après les autres, à partir du module le plus haut de la tour. Un engin de levage, tel qu’une grue 20 (fixe ou sur un véhicule), permet de déplier les modules 12 les uns après les autres, par traction verticale du module 121 du haut (par le dessus du module 121 du haut). Sur la figure 2, le module du haut 121 soutenu par la grue est déjà en position déplié et le module 122 inférieur est en cours de dépliage. Les modules encore inférieurs sont encore dans une position pliée. Selon la figure 2, plusieurs tours 10 à trois modules 12 (à titre d’exemple) sont déjà en configuration dépliée. Les modules se déplient par gravité, ce qui en facilite le dépliage. Comme indiqué ci-dessus, les tours peuvent être mises en configuration dépliée de manière juxtaposée ou bien à l’écart puis juxtaposée une fois en configuration dépliée par déplacement par l’engin de levage. La figure 3 montre un autre exemple de réalisation du dépliage des modules 12. On voit aussi la constitution de l’échafaudage 9 par juxtaposition des tours 10. Ici, un engin de levage, tel qu’un chariot élévateur 22, déploie verticalement les modules selon la flèche 24, en soulevant verticalement le dernier module déplié. En d’autres termes, le module 121 du haut est déplié en premier, puis l’engin soulève verticalement ce module par le dessous afin de déplier le module inférieur - et ainsi de suite en soulevant la tour par le dessous du dernier module déplié. De même que pour la figure 2, les modules 16 sont dépliés les uns après les autres, à partir du module le plus haut de la tour. Les modules se déplient par gravité, ce qui en facilite le dépliage. Une tour 10 comportant à titre d’exemple trois modules 12 est déjà en configuration dépliée. Une deuxième tour 10 est en cours de déploiement. Comme indiqué ci-dessus, les tours peuvent être mises en configuration dépliée de manière juxtaposée ou bien à l’écart puis juxtaposée une fois en configuration dépliée par déplacement par l’engin de levage. Le mode de réalisation de la figure 3 est en particulier applicable dans le cas où l’accès par le haut n’est pas possible (dans un bâtiment par exemple). Afin de permettre un déploiement vertical des modules 12, la tour 10 peut comporter un cadre 13 de traction vertical de la tour 10, en haut du module supérieur. Les figures 1 à 3 montrent le cadre 13. Les poteaux 16 sont boulonnés dans les angles du cadre 13. Au centre, un anneau de levage permet la préhension de préférence par un engin de levage (que ce soit sur le mode de déploiement de la figure 2 ou 3). L’anneau est positionné dans l’axe du centre de gravité de la tour, ce qui permet de soulever le module le plus haut et, le cas échéant, la tour telle qu’elle reste verticale. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the unfolding of the modules 12. We also see the constitution of the scaffolding 9 by juxtaposition of the towers 10. In practice, the modules 16 are unfolded one after the other, starting from the most top of the tower. A lifting device, such as a crane 20 (fixed or on a vehicle), makes it possible to unfold the modules 12 one after the other, by vertical traction of the top module 121 (from above the top module 121). In Figure 2, the top module 121 supported by the crane is already in the unfolded position and the lower module 122 is being unfolded. The still lower modules are still in a folded position. According to Figure 2, several towers 10 with three modules 12 (by way of example) are already in the unfolded configuration. The modules unfold by gravity, which facilitates unfolding. As indicated above, the towers can be placed in the unfolded configuration in a juxtaposed manner or else apart then juxtaposed once in the unfolded configuration by movement by the lifting device. Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the unfolding of the modules 12. We also see the constitution of the scaffolding 9 by juxtaposing the towers 10. Here, a lifting device, such as a forklift 22, deploys the modules vertically according to arrow 24, vertically lifting the last unfolded module. In other words, the top 121 module is unfolded first, then the machine vertically lifts this module from below in order to unfold the lower module - and so on lifting the tower from below the last unfolded module. As in FIG. 2, the modules 16 are unfolded one after the other, starting from the highest module of the tower. The modules unfold by gravity, which facilitates unfolding. A tower 10 comprising, for example, three modules 12 is already in the unfolded configuration. A second tower 10 is being deployed. As indicated above, the towers can be placed in the unfolded configuration in a juxtaposed manner or else apart then juxtaposed once in the unfolded configuration by movement by the lifting device. The embodiment of Figure 3 is particularly applicable in the case where access from above is not possible (in a building for example). In order to allow vertical deployment of the modules 12, the tower 10 may include a vertical traction frame 13 of the tower 10, at the top of the upper module. Figures 1 to 3 show the frame 13. The posts 16 are bolted in the corners of the frame 13. In the center, a lifting ring allows gripping preferably by a lifting device (whether in the deployment mode of the figure 2 or 3). The ring is positioned in the axis of the center of gravity of the tower, which makes it possible to lift the highest module and, if necessary, the tower such that it remains vertical.
Les planchers 14 permettent aux opérateurs de se déplacer dans la tour 10. Les planchers sont avec au moins une trappe de passage, permettant de passer d’un module 12 à un autre module 12 supérieur ou inférieur de la tour. Les planchers 14 peuvent comporter une ou deux trappes de passage. Les planchers peuvent aussi être sans trappe de passage. La figure 4 montre un exemple de réalisation d’un module 12 en position dépliée. En particulier, les poteaux 16 au nombre de quatre à titre d’exemple sont montrés plus en détails - sans le plancher 14. Les poteaux 16 comportent une articulation 26 à leur extrémité inférieure, reliant de manière articulée les poteaux 16 au plancher 14 du module 12. Comme indiqué en référence à la figure 1, les poteaux peuvent aussi être articulés dans leur longueur, par exemple par l’articulation 18. En outre, les poteaux 16 comportent une articulation 28 à leur extrémité supérieure, reliant de manière articulée les poteaux 16 au plancher 14 du module 12 supérieur. Sur la figure 4, le module 12 (sans plancher) est en position dépliée. En outre, les poteaux 16 de chaque module 12 sont reliés par paire par une barre de torsion 30. Ceci permet le dépliage synchronisé des poteaux 16 par paire, et éviter que les poteaux se vrillent. Ceci améliore le passage d’une position à l’autre du module 12. The floors 14 allow the operators to move around in the tower 10. The floors are with at least one passage hatch, making it possible to pass from one module 12 to another upper or lower module 12 of the tower. The floors 14 can comprise one or two passage hatches. The floors can also be without passage hatch. Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a module 12 in the unfolded position. In particular, the posts 16, four in number by way of example, are shown in more detail - without the floor 14. The posts 16 have a hinge 26 at their lower end, hingedly connecting the posts 16 to the floor 14 of the module 12. As indicated with reference to Figure 1, the posts can also be hinged along their length, for example by the hinge 18. In addition, the posts 16 include a hinge 28 at their upper end, hingedly connecting the posts 16 to floor 14 of upper module 12. In Figure 4, the module 12 (without floor) is in the unfolded position. In addition, the posts 16 of each module 12 are connected in pairs by a torsion bar 30. This allows the synchronized unfolding of the posts 16 per pair, and prevents the posts from twisting. This improves the passage from one position to another of the module 12.
La figure 5 montre un exemple de réalisation d’un module 12 partiellement en position pliée ou dépliée. Dans cette position intermédiaire (que ce soit vers la position dépliée ou vers la position pliée), l’articulation 18 permet de plier les poteaux 16 en deux et les articulations 26 et 28 permettent de rapprocher deux planchers superposés l’un de l’autre, pour atteindre la configuration montrée sur la gauche de la figure 1. Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a module 12 partially in the folded or unfolded position. In this intermediate position (whether towards the unfolded position or towards the folded position), the joint 18 makes it possible to fold the posts 16 in two and the joints 26 and 28 make it possible to bring two superimposed floors closer to each other. , to reach the configuration shown on the left of Figure 1.
La figure 6 montre un exemple de réalisation d’un module 12 en position pliée. Les poteaux 16 sont pliés en deux grâce à l’articulation 18 et les articulations 26 et 28 de chaque poteau 16 sont rapprochées l’une des l’autre. Dans cette position, l’encombrement des modules 12 est minime, ce qui en permet le transport et le stockage aisés. Figure 6 shows an embodiment of a module 12 in the folded position. Posts 16 are bent in half using joint 18 and joints 26 and 28 of each post 16 are brought together. In this position, the size of the modules 12 is minimal, which allows easy transport and storage.
La figure 7 montre un exemple de réalisation de la position relative des articulations 18, 26, 28 de chaque poteau 16, dans différentes positions des poteaux 16. L’articulation 18 dans la longueur de chaque poteau 16 peut être décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations 26, 28 du poteau, dans la position dépliée du module 12. Sur la partie de gauche de la figure 7, le poteau 16 est dans un état correspondant à la position (complètement) dépliée du module 12 ; on voit que l’axe d’articulation représenté par un point de l’articulation 18 n’est pas aligné par rapport à l’axe d’articulation représenté par un point des articulations supérieure 28 et inférieure 26. Ceci permet d’assurer une première sécurité de la tour 10 en ce sens que, par ce décalage ou non-alignement des trois articulations, les poteaux 16 sont dans un état stable, permettant à un opérateur de compléter la sécurisation des poteaux et modules comme cela sera décrit par la suite plus en détail. Pour passer d’une position pliée à la position déplié ou l’inverse des modules, les articulations 18, 26, 28 des poteaux sont actionnées de sorte à passer par un état dans lequel l’articulation 18 est alignée avec les deux autres articulations. 26, 28 ; les poteaux 16 sont dans un état instable permettant de les manipuler. Sur la partie de droite de la figure 7, un mouvement vers la droite de l’articulation 18 continue à provoquer le pliage du poteau 16 (vers l’état de la figure 6) ; inversement, un mouvement vers la gauche de l’articulation 18 continue à provoquer le dépliage du poteau (et atteindre l’état de la partie gauche de la figure 7). Que ce soit pour plier ou déplier un module, les poteaux 16 passent par l’état instable uniquement par soulèvement vertical du module. Le soulèvement vertical est opéré par l’engin de levage (qui soit soulève par traction toute la tour soit soulève par le dessous le dernier module déplié). Le fait d’opérer une action de soulèvement permet de sécuriser l’installation et le démontage. Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the relative position of the joints 18, 26, 28 of each post 16, in different positions of the posts 16. The joint 18 in the length of each post 16 can be offset laterally with respect to the others joints 26, 28 of the post, in the unfolded position of the module 12. On the left side of Figure 7, the post 16 is in a state corresponding to the (completely) unfolded position of the module 12; it can be seen that the axis of articulation represented by a point of the articulation 18 is not aligned with respect to the axis of articulation represented by a point of the upper 28 and lower 26 joints. first security of the tower 10 in the sense that, by this shift or non-alignment of the three joints, the posts 16 are in a stable state, allowing an operator to complete the securing of the posts and modules as will be described later more in detail. To pass from a folded position to the unfolded position or the reverse of the modules, the joints 18, 26, 28 of the posts are actuated so as to pass through a state in which the joint 18 is aligned with the other two joints. 26, 28; the posts 16 are in an unstable state allowing them to be manipulated. On the right part of Figure 7, a movement to the right of the joint 18 continues to cause the folding of the post 16 (to the state of Figure 6); conversely, a movement to the left of the articulation 18 continues to cause the unfolding of the post (and to reach the state of the left part of FIG. 7). Whether to fold or unfold a module, the posts 16 pass through the unstable state only by vertical lifting of the module. The uprising vertical is operated by the lifting device (which either lifts the whole tower by traction or lifts the last unfolded module from below). The fact of operating a lifting action makes it possible to secure the installation and the dismantling.
Les figures 8 à 11 montrent un exemple de réalisation de l’actionnement d’une rambarde de sécurité des modules 12. Chaque module 12 peut comprendre en outre au moins une rambarde 32 de sécurité reliée à un poteau 16 de chaque paire, la rambarde 32 de sécurité bloquant l’articulation 18 dans la longueur des deux poteaux 16 de la paire dans la position dépliée du module 12 et libérant l’articulation 18 dans la longueur des deux poteaux 16 de la paire dans la position pliée du module 12. La rambarde 32 permet donc un blocage de deux poteaux 16 du module dans un état déplié et une libération des deux poteaux 16 du module dans un état plié, ce qui est suffisant pour bloquer ou libérer l’ensemble du module 12. En outre, la rambarde 32 permet ce changement d’état de manière synchronisée des deux poteaux de chaque paire - et donc des deux paires grâce à la barre de torsion 30. La description des figures 8-11 vaut pour les deux poteaux de la paire - de manière synchronisée et inversée. Figures 8 to 11 show an embodiment of the actuation of a safety railing of the modules 12. Each module 12 may further comprise at least one safety railing 32 connected to a post 16 of each pair, the railing 32 safety blocking the joint 18 in the length of the two posts 16 of the pair in the unfolded position of the module 12 and releasing the joint 18 in the length of the two posts 16 of the pair in the folded position of the module 12. The guardrail 32 therefore allows blocking of two posts 16 of the module in an unfolded state and release of the two posts 16 of the module in a folded state, which is sufficient to block or release the entire module 12. In addition, the guardrail 32 allows this change of state in a synchronized manner of the two posts of each pair - and therefore of the two pairs thanks to the torsion bar 30. The description of figures 8-11 applies to the two posts of the pair - in a synchronized and inverted manner .
La figure 8 montre la rambarde 32 coulissant dans un manchon 34 d’un poteau 16 - et coulissant dans un manchon 34 similaire de l’autre poteau 16 de la paire. Le manchon 34 est par exemple fixé à un étrier 36 de l’articulation 18. Selon les flèches 36, les parties supérieure et inférieure du poteau 16 reliées par l’articulation 18 sont en mouvement en direction de l’état déplié du poteau 16. La rambarde 32 coulisse dans le manchon 34 - ainsi que dans le manchon 34 de l’autre poteau 16 de la paire. Ceci est aussi visible sur les figures 4 à 6 (dans le mouvement en sens inverse, vers l’état plié des poteaux 16). Dans la position dépliée du module 12, les deux manchons 34 sont à proximité des extrémités libres de la rambarde 32 ; dans la position pliée du module 12, les deux manchons 34 se rapprochent l’un de l’autre vers le centre de la rambarde 32. Figure 8 shows the guardrail 32 sliding in a sleeve 34 of a post 16 - and sliding in a similar sleeve 34 of the other post 16 of the pair. The sleeve 34 is for example fixed to a stirrup 36 of the articulation 18. According to the arrows 36, the upper and lower parts of the post 16 connected by the articulation 18 are in motion in the direction of the unfolded state of the post 16. The railing 32 slides in the sleeve 34 - as well as in the sleeve 34 of the other post 16 of the pair. This is also visible in figures 4 to 6 (in the movement in the opposite direction, towards the folded state of the posts 16). In the unfolded position of the module 12, the two sleeves 34 are close to the free ends of the railing 32; in the folded position of the module 12, the two sleeves 34 approach each other towards the center of the railing 32.
Selon la figure 8, les trois articulations 18, 26, 28 sont alignées, comme sur la partie droite de la figure 7 - le poteau est en état instable. Selon la figure 9, l’articulation 18 est décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations 26, 28 comme sur la partie gauche de la figure 7- le poteau est en état stable. Depuis la figure 8, dans la position alignée de l’articulation 18 dans la longueur des poteaux avec les autres articulations 26, 28 des poteaux 16, la rotation de la rambarde 32 active un suiveur 38 de came le long d’une came 40 jusqu’à une position de la rambarde 32 dans laquelle l’articulation 18 dans la longueur des poteaux est positionnée de manière décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations 26, 28 des poteaux, cette position de la rambarde 32 correspondant à la position dépliée des modules 12, représentée sur la figure 9. According to Figure 8, the three joints 18, 26, 28 are aligned, as on the right side of Figure 7 - the post is in an unstable state. According to Figure 9, the joint 18 is offset laterally relative to the other joints 26, 28 as on the left side of Figure 7 - the post is in stable condition. From Fig. 8, in the aligned position of the joint 18 along the length of the posts with the other joints 26, 28 of the posts 16, the rotation of the guardrail 32 activates a cam follower 38 along a cam 40 until at a position of the railing 32 in which the joint 18 in the length of the posts is positioned laterally offset with respect to the other joints 26, 28 of the posts, this position of the railing 32 corresponding to the unfolded position of the modules 12 , shown in Figure 9.
Sur la figure 8, le suiveur de came 38 n’est pas dans la came 40 ; sur la figure 9, le suiveur de came 38 est engagé dans la came 40 par le mouvement de rotation de la rambarde 32 selon la flèche 42. Le suiveur 38 de came a un mouvement selon la flèche 44 le long de la came 40, dans un tronçon hélicoïdal de la came 40. Les figures 10 et 11 montrent le mouvement final du suiveur 38 de came vers l’extrémité de la came 40, afin de bloquer la rambarde en position déplié du module 12. La came 40 comporte un tronçon rectiligne reliant le tronçon hélicoïdal à un tronçon de blocage. Selon la figure 10, la rambarde 32 est déplacée longitudinalement de sorte à déplacer le suiveur 38 de came dans le tronçon rectiligne selon la flèche 45. Les poteaux continuent le mouvement selon les flèches 46. Selon la figure 11, le suiveur 38 de came est parvenu au bout du tronçon rectiligne de la came 40. Un mouvement de rotation de la rambarde 32 selon la flèche 48 permet d’enclencher le suiveur 38 de came dans le tronçon de blocage de la came 40. Le suiveur 38 de came permet le blocage de la rambarde 32 et donc le blocage des deux poteaux 16 reliés à la rambarde 32 dans leur état déplié et stable. In Figure 8, cam follower 38 is not in cam 40; in Figure 9, the cam follower 38 is engaged in the cam 40 by the rotational movement of the guardrail 32 along the arrow 42. The cam follower 38 has a movement according to the arrow 44 along the cam 40, in a helical section of the cam 40. Figures 10 and 11 show the final movement of the cam follower 38 towards the end of the cam 40, in order to block the guardrail in the unfolded position of the module 12. The cam 40 comprises a rectilinear section connecting the helical section to a blocking section. According to Figure 10, the guardrail 32 is moved longitudinally so as to move the cam follower 38 in the straight section according to the arrow 45. The posts continue the movement according to the arrows 46. According to Figure 11, the cam follower 38 is reached the end of the rectilinear section of the cam 40. A rotational movement of the guardrail 32 according to the arrow 48 makes it possible to engage the cam follower 38 in the blocking section of the cam 40. The cam follower 38 allows the blocking of the railing 32 and therefore the blocking of the two posts 16 connected to the railing 32 in their unfolded and stable state.
Ainsi, la rotation de la rambarde 32 active simultanément le suiveur 38 de came le long de la came 40 au niveau du poteau de chaque paire auxquels la rambarde 32 est reliée.Thus, rotation of guardrail 32 simultaneously activates cam follower 38 along cam 40 at the post of each pair to which guardrail 32 is connected.
L’activation de la rambarde 32 par un seul opérateur permet donc de bloquer ou de débloquer la rambarde de deux poteaux 16 et donc de l’ensemble du module 12 de manière synchronisée. Ceci permet de rapidement assurer les modules en position dépliée ou inversement, de permettre le déblocage des modules 12 en vue de les plier. Le tout est opéré de manière sécurisé avec l’engin de levage soutenant les modules. The activation of the guardrail 32 by a single operator therefore makes it possible to lock or unlock the guardrail of two posts 16 and therefore of the entire module 12 in a synchronized manner. This makes it possible to quickly ensure the modules in the unfolded position or, conversely, to allow the unlocking of the modules 12 with a view to folding them. Everything is operated in a secure manner with the lifting gear supporting the modules.
La figure 11 montre comment sécuriser la rambarde 32 et le module 12 en position dépliée. La rambarde 32 est immobilisée par rapport aux poteaux 16 auxquels elle est reliée par le suiveur 38 de came en bout de came 40 - ceci assurant une première sécurisation de la rambarde 32 et du module 12. En outre, la rambarde 32 est immobilisée par rapport aux poteaux 16 auxquels elle est reliée par une goupille 50 entre la rambarde 32 et le manchon 34 supportant la came - ceci assurant une deuxième sécurisation de la rambarde 32 et du module 12. La goupille 50 s’étend au travers d’un orifice 52 à travers le manchon 34 et la rambarde 32. La rambarde 32 maintenue avec les suiveurs 38 de came en fond de came 40 et avec les goupilles 50 est immobilisée par rapport aux manchons 34 et ainsi par rapport aux poteaux 16 de la paire ; la rambarde 32 empêche les poteauxFigure 11 shows how to secure the railing 32 and the module 12 in the unfolded position. The railing 32 is immobilized with respect to the posts 16 to which it is connected by the cam follower 38 at the end of the cam 40 - this ensuring a first securing of the railing 32 and of the module 12. In addition, the railing 32 is immobilized with respect to to the posts 16 to which it is connected by a pin 50 between the railing 32 and the sleeve 34 supporting the cam - this ensuring a second securing of the railing 32 and of the module 12. The pin 50 extends through an orifice 52 through the sleeve 34 and the guardrail 32. The guardrail 32 held with the cam followers 38 at the bottom of the cam 40 and with the pins 50 is immobilized with respect to the sleeves 34 and thus with respect to the posts 16 of the pair; guardrail 32 prevents posts
16 de se replier. Ainsi, les deux poteaux 16 auxquels la rambarde est reliée et ainsi l’ensemble des modules sont maintenus et sécurisés en position dépliée. L’installation est donc simple et rapide à installer, tout en assurant une grande sécurité. 16 to retreat. Thus, the two posts 16 to which the railing is connected and thus all the modules are maintained and secured in the unfolded position. The installation is therefore simple and quick to install, while ensuring high security.
Le procédé de démontage est fait selon le sens inverse au procédé de montage décrit ci-dessus - et est donc tout aussi aisé tout en assurant la sécurité des opérateurs. Comme indiqué, un soulèvement ou traction verticale par un engin de levage permet de plier les modules, notamment, par le passage par l’état instable des poteaux, et ce de manière sûre. The disassembly process is done in the opposite direction to the assembly process described above - and is therefore just as easy while ensuring the safety of operators. As indicated, a lifting or vertical traction by a lifting device makes it possible to bend the modules, in particular, by passing through the unstable state of the posts, and this in a safe manner.
Les modules peuvent comprendre une ou plusieurs rambardes de sécurité - de préférence deux rambardes de sécurité. Sur les figures 4 et 5, une deuxième rambarde 33, inférieure à la rambarde 32 est prévue. La rambarde 33 est reliée à un poteau 16 de chaque paire par coulissement dans un manchon similaire au manchon 34. Une goupille 50 permet de fixer en position la rambarde 33 par rapport aux poteaux. L’activation de la rambarde 32 (vers la position dépliée ou pliée du module) actionne aussi la rambarde 33. The modules can include one or more guardrails - preferably two guardrails. In Figures 4 and 5, a second guardrail 33, lower than the guardrail 32 is provided. The railing 33 is connected to a post 16 of each pair by sliding in a sleeve similar to the sleeve 34. A pin 50 makes it possible to fix the railing 33 in position with respect to the posts. The activation of the guardrail 32 (towards the unfolded or folded position of the module) also activates the guardrail 33.
En position dépliée des modules 12, une pluralité de goupilles bloquent les poteaux 16 en état déplié ainsi que la rambarde 32 par rapport aux manchons 34 et donc par rapport aux poteaux 16. Plus spécifiquement, de préférence quatre goupilles 50 bloquent l’articulation 18 dans la longueur d’au moins deux poteaux 16 et la rambarde 32 par rapport aux deux poteaux auxquels elle est reliée. Selon la figure 11, une goupille 50 est utilisée pour bloquer la rambarde 32 à chacun des poteaux 16 de la paire auxquelles elle est reliée. La figure 12 montre un exemple de réalisation de la sécurisation de l’articulation 18 des poteaux non reliés à la rambarde 32. Une goupille 50 bloque l’articulation 18 dans la longueur des poteaux 16. Dans l’état stable des poteaux 16 (dans lequel l’articulation 18 est décalée latéralement par rapport aux articulations 26 et 28), une goupille bloque les étriers 36 formant l’articulation 18 l’un par rapport à l’autre, en passant à travers un orifice 54. Ainsi, deux goupilles 50 sont utilisées pour les poteaux reliés par la rambarde 32 et deux goupilles 50 sont utilisés pour les deux autre poteaux non reliés par la rambarde 32 - il suffit ainsi de quatre goupilles pour sécuriser un module en position dépliée. D’autres goupilles permettent en sus de bloquer d’autres composants comme la rambarde 33 en position dépliée des modules. In the unfolded position of the modules 12, a plurality of pins block the posts 16 in the unfolded state as well as the railing 32 with respect to the sleeves 34 and therefore with respect to the posts 16. More specifically, preferably four pins 50 block the joint 18 in the length of at least two posts 16 and the guardrail 32 with respect to the two posts to which it is connected. According to Figure 11, a pin 50 is used to lock the guardrail 32 to each of the posts 16 of the pair to which it is connected. Figure 12 shows an embodiment of the securing of the joint 18 of the posts not connected to the railing 32. A pin 50 blocks the joint 18 in the length of the posts 16. In the stable state of the posts 16 (in which the joint 18 is offset laterally relative to the joints 26 and 28), a pin blocks the stirrups 36 forming the joint 18 relative to each other, passing through an orifice 54. Thus, two pins 50 are used for the posts connected by the railing 32 and two pins 50 are used for the other two posts not connected by the railing 32 - thus four pins are sufficient to secure a module in the unfolded position. Other pins allow in addition to block other components such as the guardrail 33 in the unfolded position of the modules.
Les figures 13 à 16 montrent un exemple de réalisation d’une échelle au sein des modules 12. Les modules 12 peuvent comprendre une échelle 56 avec une articulation 58 dans sa longueur (une articulation par montant de l’échelle), l’échelle 56 est mobile en rotation autour d’un poteau 16 entre une position d’utilisation de l’échelle 56 dans la position dépliée du module 12 respectif, l’échelle 56 étant dans un plan orthogonal aux axes de rotation des articulations des poteaux et une position autorisant le pliage du module 12. Dans la position autorisant le pliage, l’échelle est dans le plan des axes de rotation des articulations des poteaux. L’échelle présente donc plusieurs avantages. L’échelle 56 peut être pliée et dépliée en même temps que le reste du module. Il n’est donc pas nécessaire de rajouter l’échelle 56 à un stade ultérieur de montage des modules et de la tour ni de gérer le démontage de manière séparée. L’échelle 56 permet aussi de renforcer la sécurité des modules 12 dans le sens où, en position d’utilisation, l’échelle empêche les articulations 18, 26, 28 de se plier. L’échelle bloque le changement d’état des poteaux ce qui augmente encore la sécurisation des modules et de la tour. Figures 13 to 16 show an embodiment of a ladder within the modules 12. The modules 12 may include a ladder 56 with a joint 58 along its length (one joint per ladder upright), the ladder 56 is rotatable around a post 16 between a position of use of the ladder 56 in the unfolded position of the respective module 12, the ladder 56 being in a plane orthogonal to the axes of rotation of the joints of the posts and a position allowing folding of the module 12. In the position allowing folding, the ladder is in the plane of the axes of rotation of the joints of the posts. The scale therefore has several advantages. Ladder 56 can be folded and unfolded at the same time as the rest of the module. It is therefore not necessary to add the 56 ladder at a later stage of assembly of the modules and the tower or to manage the dismantling separately. The ladder 56 also makes it possible to reinforce the security of the modules 12 in the sense that, in the position of use, the ladder prevents the joints 18, 26, 28 from bending. The ladder blocks the change of state of the posts, which further increases the security of the modules and the tower.
Sur la figure 13, un module 12 inférieur est en position pliée et un module supérieur est en position dépliée. L’échelle 56 du module supérieur est en position d’utilisation dans un plan orthogonal aux axes des articulations 18, 26, 28. L’échelle 56 peut être immobilisée en position d’utilisation par une fixation 60 à la rambarde 32. Ceci permet d’éviter un changement de position de l’échelle 56 lors de son utilisation. In Figure 13, a lower module 12 is in the folded position and an upper module is in the unfolded position. The ladder 56 of the upper module is in the use position in a plane orthogonal to the axes of the joints 18, 26, 28. The ladder 56 can be immobilized in the use position by a fixing 60 to the railing 32. This allows to avoid a change of position of the ladder 56 during its use.
Sur la figure 14, l’échelle 56 est changée de position. L’échelle 56 est en position autorisant le pliage du module 12. L’échelle 56 a subi une rotation selon la flèche 62 autour d’un poteau 16. L’échelle est dans le plan des axes des articulations 18, 26, 28. L’axe de l’articulation 58 de chaque montant de l’échelle 56 est parallèle aux axes des articulations 18, 26, 28, ce qui autorise le pliage de l’échelle 56 en même temps que le module - ce qui facilite le changement de position du module. In Figure 14, the scale 56 is changed position. The ladder 56 is in position allowing the folding of the module 12. The ladder 56 has undergone a rotation according to the arrow 62 around a post 16. The ladder is in the plane of the axes of the joints 18, 26, 28. The axis of the joint 58 of each upright of the ladder 56 is parallel to the axes of the joints 18, 26, 28, which allows the folding of the ladder 56 at the same time as the module - which facilitates the change module position.
Sur la figure 15, après la rotation de l’échelle selon la figure 14, le module 12 peut être passé en position pliée. Les poteaux 16 sont pliés selon les flèches 64, provoquant le déplacement des articulations 18 vers l’intérieur du module 12. Le mouvement des articulations 26 et 28 permet au plancher 14 du module supérieur de s’abaisser selon la flèche 66. La rambarde 32 coulisse par rapport aux poteaux 16 auxquelles elle est reliée, permettant de passer le module vers la position pliée. L’échelle 56 en position de la figure 14 se plie en même temps que le reste du module 12. La figure 16 montre la tour 10 en configuration pliée dans laquelle chaque moduleIn Figure 15, after the rotation of the ladder according to Figure 14, the module 12 can be moved to the folded position. The posts 16 are bent according to the arrows 64, causing the joints 18 to move towards the inside of the module 12. The movement of the Articulations 26 and 28 allow the floor 14 of the upper module to lower according to the arrow 66. The guardrail 32 slides relative to the posts 16 to which it is connected, allowing the module to move towards the folded position. The ladder 56 in the position of Figure 14 folds together with the rest of the module 12. Figure 16 shows the tower 10 in the folded configuration in which each module
12 est en position pliée L’échelle 56 a été pliée en même temps que le module respectif. Dans cette configuration, la tour est peu encombrante et il n’est pas nécessaire de transporter séparément les composants tels que les poteaux, les planchers, les rambardes et les échelles ; la tour forme un ensemble facile à transporter. La figure 17 montre un exemple de réalisation d’une rambarde 68 de sécurité d’extrémité. Il est envisageable que chaque module 12 comprenne en outre une ou plusieurs rambardes 68 de sécurité d’extrémité, montées à rotation autour d’un poteau 16. Par exemple, pour des modules destinés à être à l’extrémité de l’échafaudage 9, la rambarde 68 d’extrémité permet de sécuriser l’installation. La rambarde 68 peut être montée à rotation autour d’un poteau de sorte à pouvoir l’ouvrir si nécessaire. La rambade 68 est de préférence de la taille d’un demi-poteau 16 inférieur, de sorte à empêcher le passage d’une personne mais aussi de se plier en même temps qu’une paire de poteaux 16 reliés par la barre de torsion 30. Ceci permet de rendre la rambarde 68 opérationnelle une fois le module 12 déplié sans pour autant entraver le pliage du module 12. La rambarde 68 est mobile en rotation autour d’un poteau 16 pour être ouverte si nécessaire ; en position fermée, la rambarde 68 peut être sécurisée par une goupille introduite dans un orifice 70 et un poteau 16 à l’opposé du poteau 16 autour duquel la rambarde 68 est mobile en rotation. 12 is in folded position Ladder 56 was folded together with the respective module. In this configuration, the tower is space-saving and there is no need to transport components such as posts, floors, railings and ladders separately; the tower forms an easy-to-carry package. Figure 17 shows an embodiment of an end safety rail 68. It is conceivable that each module 12 further comprises one or more end safety railings 68, rotatably mounted around a post 16. For example, for modules intended to be at the end of the scaffolding 9, the end railing 68 secures the installation. The guardrail 68 can be mounted to rotate around a post so that it can be opened if necessary. The guardrail 68 is preferably the size of a lower half-post 16, so as to prevent the passage of a person but also to bend at the same time as a pair of posts 16 connected by the torsion bar 30 This makes it possible to make the guardrail 68 operational once the module 12 has been unfolded without however hindering the folding of the module 12. The guardrail 68 is rotatable around a post 16 to be opened if necessary; in the closed position, the railing 68 can be secured by a pin inserted into an orifice 70 and a post 16 opposite the post 16 around which the railing 68 is rotatable.
Optionnellement, la rambarde 68 de sécurité d’extrémité est amovible. Elle peut être installée sur le module en cas de besoin ou bien retirée. Ceci peut être le cas pour des modules 12 qui ne sont pas en extrémité de l’échafaudage et pour lesquels il n’est pas utile d’avoir une telle rambarde 68. Pour cela, la rambarde 68 est basculée par son bord libre vers le haut selon la flèche 72 de sorte que son bord relié au poteau 16 de rotation bascule selon la flèche 74. Ceci permet de désolidariser un coude 76 supérieur de la rambarde 68 assurant la rotation de la rambarde 68 autour du poteau 16. Le coude 76 peut être retiré du poteau 16. Puis un coude 78 inférieur de la rambarde 68 assurant la rotation de la rambarde 68 autour du poteau 16 peut à son tour être retiré du poteau 16 afin de complètement retirer la rambarde 68. Optionally, the end safety rail 68 is removable. It can be installed on the module if necessary or removed. This may be the case for modules 12 which are not at the end of the scaffolding and for which it is not useful to have such a railing 68. For this, the railing 68 is tilted by its free edge towards the high according to arrow 72 so that its edge connected to post 16 of rotation tilts according to arrow 74. be removed from the post 16. Then a lower elbow 78 of the railing 68 ensuring the rotation of the railing 68 around the post 16 can in turn be removed from the post 16 in order to completely remove the railing 68.
Les figures 18 et 19 montrent un exemple de pattes de liaison entre deux modules 12. La figure 18 montre la tour 10 en configuration pliée avec deux modules 12 visibles, en position pliée. La tour est prête au transport. La tour 10 comporte des pattes de liaison 80 entre deux modules en position pliée. Les pattes de liaison garantissent que les modules ne peuvent pas se déplier lors du transport voire du transbordement. De préférence, une patte de liaison 80 est prévue à chacun des quatre angles des modules 12. Un organe de fixation 82 permet de fixer une patte de liaison entre deux modules et empêcher le dépliage. Les organes de liaison 80 sont par exemple des vis avec un écrou papillon comme écrou de sorte à facilement fixer ou retirer les pattes de liaison 80. Les pattes de fixation 80 peuvent être mobiles en rotation par rapport aux modules, facilitant leur utilisation. Le mouvement de rotation peut être autour de l’organe de fixation 82. Figures 18 and 19 show an example of connecting tabs between two modules 12. Figure 18 shows the tower 10 in the folded configuration with two modules 12 visible, in the folded position. The tower is ready for transport. The tower 10 has connecting tabs 80 between two modules in the folded position. The connecting brackets ensure that the modules cannot unfold during transport or even transhipment. Preferably, a connecting tab 80 is provided at each of the four corners of the modules 12. A fixing member 82 makes it possible to fix a connecting tab between two modules and prevent unfolding. The connecting members 80 are for example screws with a wing nut as a nut so as to easily fix or remove the connecting lugs 80. The fixing lugs 80 can be rotatable relative to the modules, facilitating their use. The rotational movement can be around the fastener 82.
La figure 19 montre la tour 10 en configuration dépliée avec deux modules 12 visibles, en position dépliée. La tour 10 peut comprendre les pattes de liaison 80 entre deux modules 12 voisins en position dépliée. En d’autres termes, lorsque les tours sont positionnées côte à côte, il est préférable de fixer les tours entre elles ; les pattes de liaison 80 permettent de fixer ensemble deux modules 12 voisins de deux tours différentes. Un mouvement de rotation des pattes permet de fixer les modules entre eux. Les pattes de fixation 80 peuvent comprendre à une de leurs extrémités un trou de passage des organes de fixation 82. Que l’organe de fixation 82 soit serré ou desserré, les pattes de fixation 80 restent accrochées au module respectif, ce qui évite d’égarer une patte de fixation 80. Pour la fixation à un autre module, les pattes de fixation 80 peuvent comprendre un autre passage d’organe de fixation à leur autre extrémité, comme cela est visible sur la figure 18. Les pattes de fixation 80 sont alors fixées par leurs deux extrémités aux modules. Les pattes de fixation 80 peuvent aussi comporter de manière optionnelle une indentation 81, de la forme d’un peigne, permettant de fixer les pattes de fixation 80 à un autre module 12 positionné à une distance autre que l’écart entre les deux passages d’organe de fixation d’une patte. Sur la figure 19, on voit que l’écart entre les deux modules 12 voisins est moins important que la longueur d’une patte de fixation 80. Il est donc possible de fixer les modules entre eux par un organe de fixation 82 à une extrémité d’une patte 80 et par un autre organe de fixation d’un module voisin en positionnant l’organe de fixation 80 dans une indentation 81 de la patte de fixation 80. Les pattes de fixations 80 permettent ainsi de fixer deux modules 12 entre eux, tout en s’adaptant à l’espace entre les deux modules. FIG. 19 shows the tower 10 in the unfolded configuration with two modules 12 visible, in the unfolded position. The tower 10 may include the connecting tabs 80 between two neighboring modules 12 in the unfolded position. In other words, when the towers are positioned side by side, it is preferable to fix the towers together; the connecting tabs 80 make it possible to fix together two neighboring modules 12 of two different towers. A rotational movement of the legs makes it possible to fix the modules together. The fixing lugs 80 can comprise at one of their ends a hole for passage of the fixing members 82. Whether the fixing member 82 is tightened or loosened, the fixing lugs 80 remain hooked to the respective module, which avoids misplacing a bracket 80. For attachment to another module, the brackets 80 may include another fastener passage at their other end, as shown in Figure 18. The brackets 80 are then fixed by their two ends to the modules. The fixing lugs 80 can also optionally comprise an indentation 81, in the shape of a comb, making it possible to fix the fixing lugs 80 to another module 12 positioned at a distance other than the gap between the two passages of fixing member of a leg. In Figure 19, we see that the gap between the two neighboring modules 12 is less than the length of a fixing lug 80. It is therefore possible to fix the modules together by a fixing member 82 at one end of a lug 80 and by another fixing member of a neighboring module by positioning the fixing member 80 in an indentation 81 of the fixing lug 80. The fixing lugs 80 thus make it possible to fix two modules 12 between them , while adapting to the space between the two modules.
La figure 20 montre un exemple de réalisation de tiges allonges télescopiques. La tour 10 peut en outre comprendre des tiges 84 allonges télescopiques mobiles entre une position rétractée dans le plancher 14 du module respectif et une position extraite du plancher 14. La flèche 85 montre le mouvement des tiges 84 vers la position extraite. Une rallonge 86 de plancher peut alors être fixée sur les tiges 86 en position extraite. Au moins deux tiges 84 sont prévues par module, afin d’assurer la stabilité des rallonges 86 ; de préférence, trois tiges 84 sont prévues afin d’éviter le flambage des rallonges 86 sous le poids d’une personne. Le caractère télescopique des tiges 84 permet d’utiliser ces tiges et rallonges qu’en cas de besoin, si un espace existe entre la tour et un bâtiment contre lequel la tour est dépliée. Ceci permet aussi de tenir compte de normes le cas échéant. Les rallonges 86 sont par exemple posées sur les plancher lors de la préparation de la tour avant installation ; il suffit ensuite de positionner les rallonges 86 sur les tiges 84 selon la flèche 88. Les rallonges 86 peuvent être solidarisées aux tiges 84 par une fixation telle que des écrous, papillon, goupilles ou clipses. Les rallonges 86 peuvent aussi être fixées à un composant du module lors de la préparation de la tour avant installation ou démontage pour éviter une chute lors du dépliage ou pliage des modules. Il est aussi possible que les rallonges 86 soient posées sur les tiges 84 lors du pliage ou dépliage des modules. Figure 20 shows an embodiment of telescopic extension rods. The tower 10 may further comprise movable telescopic extension rods 84 between a retracted position in the floor 14 of the respective module and an extracted position from the floor 14. The arrow 85 shows the movement of the rods 84 towards the extracted position. A floor extension 86 can then be fixed on the rods 86 in the extracted position. At least two rods 84 are provided per module, in order to ensure the stability of the extensions 86; preferably, three rods 84 are provided in order to avoid the buckling of the extensions 86 under the weight of a person. The telescopic character of the rods 84 makes it possible to use these rods and extensions only if necessary, if a space exists between the tower and a building against which the tower is unfolded. This also makes it possible to take into account standards where applicable. The extensions 86 are for example placed on the floor during the preparation of the tower before installation; it is then sufficient to position the extensions 86 on the rods 84 according to the arrow 88. The extensions 86 can be secured to the rods 84 by a fixing such as nuts, butterfly, pins or clips. The extensions 86 can also be fixed to a component of the module during the preparation of the tower before installation or disassembly to prevent a fall during the unfolding or folding of the modules. It is also possible that the extensions 86 are placed on the rods 84 when folding or unfolding the modules.
Comme cela est visible sur la figure 2, la tour 10 peut aussi comprendre des câbles 90 de triangulation amovibles ou à demeure sur les modules. Les câbles 90 de triangulation permettent d’éviter le pliage latéral des modules, et donc de la tour. Les câbles 90 sont par exemple vissés aisément par des écrous papillons entre deux planchers. Ils sont amovibles ou à demeure suivant que ces câbles 90 détendus gênent ou non la manipulation de la tour en position pliée. As can be seen in FIG. 2, tower 10 may also include triangulation cables 90 that are removable or permanently attached to the modules. The triangulation cables 90 make it possible to avoid the lateral folding of the modules, and therefore of the tower. The cables 90 are for example easily screwed by butterfly nuts between two floors. They are removable or permanently depending on whether or not these slack cables 90 interfere with the handling of the tower in the folded position.
Indépendamment des vérins 92 à base plate, l’échafaudage 9 peut comporter une ou plusieurs tours 12 en en tant que complément ou en association d'une ou plusieurs travées d'échafaudage conventionnel. Par échafaudage conventionnel, on entend un échafaudage monté par assemblage de tubes et raccords ou avec des éléments préfabriqués (principalement échafaudage, "multidirectionnel", à "cadre", ou encore plu rarement échafaudage roulant ou suspendu / en console) dans lequel les étages sont progressivement monté sur la longueur et la hauteur de l’échafaudage souhaitées. En d’autres termes, un échafaudage conventionnel est un échafaudage apte à être dressé par assemblage successif d’éléments unitaires. Une travée d’échafaudage conventionnel est apte à être dressée par assemblage successif d’éléments unitaires (planchers, poteaux, nœuds de connexion, colliers, contreventements, stabilisateurs, console ou espace de stockage, rallonges de planchers, pare-gravats, traverses, goulotte d’évacuation, etc.). En effet, des chantiers peuvent présenter des spécificités telles qu’un trottoir, une porte, une pente du terrain etc. qui compliquent et retardent l’installation d’un échafaudage car la spécificité est à surmonter tout en autorisant un passage piétonnier, routier, etc. Pour cette raison, et comme cela est visible sur la figure 24, l’échafaudage 9 peut comprendre une partie sous forme d’échafaudage conventionnel 120 et une autre partie en tant que tour 10 ayant les caractéristiques décrites par ailleurs. En d’autres termes, l’échafaudage 9 peut comporter au moins une tour 10 comprenant une pluralité de modules 12 articulés les uns au-dessus des autres, la tour étant apte à occuper différentes configurations, en association avec une ou plusieurs travées d’échafaudage conventionnel 120 (potentiellement en étant solidarisées ensemble), c’est-à-dire, en association avec une ou plusieurs travées d’échafaudage aptes à être dressées par assemblage successif d’éléments unitaires (éléments de structure ou équipements). La synergie entre la ou les tours 10 et les travées d’échafaudage conventionnel permet d’obtenir un échafaudage rapide à installer ou à démonter qui s’adapte à différentes configurations de chantier. Un tel échafaudage assure un gain en coût à l’installation et au démontage de l’échafaudage. Egalement, l’échafaudage assure la sécurité des opérateurs et des personnes étrangères au chantier. Independently of the flat-based cylinders 92, the scaffolding 9 may comprise one or more towers 12 as a complement or in association with one or more conventional scaffolding bays. By conventional scaffolding, we mean a scaffolding assembled by assembling tubes and fittings or with prefabricated elements (mainly scaffolding, "multidirectional", "frame", or even more rarely mobile or suspended scaffolding / console) in which the floors are gradually mounted on the desired length and height of the scaffolding. In other words, a conventional scaffolding is a scaffolding capable of being erected by successive assembly of individual elements. A conventional scaffolding span is capable of being erected by successive assembly of unitary elements (floors, posts, connection nodes, collars, braces, stabilizers, console or storage space, floor extensions, rubble guards, crosspieces, chute evacuation, etc). Indeed, construction sites can have specific features such as a sidewalk, a door, a slope of the ground, etc. which complicate and delay the installation of scaffolding because the specificity has to be overcome while allowing pedestrian, road, etc. passage. For this reason, and as can be seen in Figure 24, the scaffolding 9 may comprise a part in the form of a conventional scaffolding 120 and another part in the form of a tower 10 having the characteristics described elsewhere. In other words, the scaffolding 9 may comprise at least one tower 10 comprising a plurality of modules 12 hinged one above the other, the tower being capable of occupying different configurations, in association with one or more spans of conventional scaffolding 120 (potentially by being secured together), that is to say, in association with one or more scaffolding bays capable of being erected by successive assembly of unitary elements (structural elements or equipment). The synergy between the 10 tower(s) and the conventional scaffolding bays makes it possible to obtain scaffolding that is quick to install or dismantle and adapts to different site configurations. Such scaffolding ensures a cost saving in the installation and dismantling of the scaffolding. Also, the scaffolding ensures the safety of operators and people outside the site.
A titre d’exemple, par rapport à la ou les tours 10, les travées d’échafaudage conventionnel peuvent être en dessous (par exemple, en tant que socle de type passage piéton ou pour compenser un dénivelé), au-dessus (par exemple comme « protection bas de pente », comme « demi-cadre » ou « demi-niveau » pour ajuster la hauteur de l’échafaudage, comme passerelle d’accès au toit, comme tour d’étaiement ou comme support de coffrage), sur les côtés ou en juxtaposition (par exemple un étage ou une colonne en multi-directionnel ou tubes et raccords, comme une traverse, un enj mbement, une poutre ou une passerelle), à l'arrière de l'échafaudage (par exemple, comme rangée d’échafaudage supplémentaire pour faciliter la circulation, pour du stockage ou comme sapine d'accès ou de levage), à l’avant de l’échafaudage (en cas de rangées multiples, comme passerelle d’accès au toit ou pour épouser un dévers comme par exemple sur des chantier de construction navales ou sous des gradins), voire comme interface entre deux tours 10 superposées verticalement. Selon la figure 16, le module 12 le plus bas de la tour 10 peut comporter des vérinsBy way of example, with respect to the tower or towers 10, the conventional scaffolding bays may be below (for example, as a pedestrian crossing type base or to compensate for a difference in height), above (for example as "bottom of slope protection", as "half-frame" or "half-level" to adjust the height of scaffolding, as a roof access walkway, as a shoring tower or as a formwork support), on the sides or in juxtaposition (for example a floor or a column in multi-directional or tubes and fittings, such as a crosspiece , a jib, a beam or a walkway), at the rear of the scaffolding (for example, as an additional row of scaffolding to facilitate circulation, for storage or as an access or lifting tree), at the front of the scaffolding (in the case of multiple rows, as an access walkway to the roof or to match a slope such as for example on shipyards or under bleachers), or even as an interface between two vertically superimposed towers 10 . According to Figure 16, the lowest module 12 of the tower 10 may include cylinders
92 à base plate ou à brides. Les vérins 92 sont par exemple des parties télescopiques - par exemple par vissage / dévissage - permettant d’ajuster la planéité de la tour selon le sol. Les vérins 92 à base plate permettent de poser le module le plus bas sur le sol. Les vérins 92 à brides permettent de fixer le module le plus bas, et donc la tour, sur une structure inférieure. Par exemple, il est possible de monter la tour sur un échafaudage inférieur permettant le passage de personnes le long d’un trottoir, pour compenser un dénivelé du terrain ou pour permettre à la tour de surmonter une porte. On peut ainsi combiner ou associer une ou des tours 10 et éventuellement l’échafaudage qui en résulte avec un échafaudage conventionnel (tel que décrit précédemment). Par exemple, il est possible de monter la tour en la coiffant à son sommet d’une protection bas de pente en échafaudage adapté à des travaux de couverture, ou encore d’un demi-cadre permettant de positionner le poste de travail précisément à la hauteur désirée (sous une gouttière ou au niveau d’un acrotère par exemple), ou encore d’une passerelle menant au toit, ou encore de support permettant la reprise d’une charge lourde lors d’une utilisation comme tour d’étaiement ou comme support de coffrage. Par exemple, il est possible de monter la tour en juxtaposition d’un niveau seul ou d’une colonne entière réalisée en échafaudage multidirectionnel ou en tube et raccords, permettant de s’adapter à une ou plusieurs excroissances de façade (balcons, comiches, éléments décoratifs, etc) - cette colonne ou cet étage seul pouvant prendre la forme tantôt d’un plancher classique, tantôt d’une poutre ou traverse permettant l’enjambement d’obstacles de façades ou d’obstacles au sol interdisant ponctuellement la pose d’une colonne 10 (ou simplement de relier un nombre le plus réduit possible de colonnes 10 de l’échafaudage 9, dans le cas par exemple de travaux de toiture, dans un souci de gain de temps). Par exemple, il est possible de monter la tour en y ajoutant à l’arrière une ou plusieurs rangées en échafaudage permettant une meilleure circulation, qu’elle ait une emprise au sol ou bien qu’elle soit utilisée « en console » de la tour 10/de l’échafaudage 9, ou encore une sapine d’accès permettant aux ouvriers de mieux circuler être étages sans se gêner, une sapine de levage permettant d’acheminer à bonne hauteur des matériaux, ou encore comme espace de stockage de matériaux à hauteur d’utilisation (tuile, enduits, etc.). Par exemple, il est possible de monter la tour en y ajoutant à l’avant un étage (en console, en passerelle ou non), ou bien une ou plusieurs colonnes d’échafaudage afin de s’adapter à un renfoncement de bâtiment ou pour épouser un devers comme par exemple sur des chantiers de construction navales ou sous des gradins pour épouser au mieux le navire ou le support). Par exemple, il est possible de monter deux tours 10 superposées verticalement en les séparant d’une interface sous forme de demi-cadre ou demi-hauteur d’échafaudage pour atteindre plus précisément des hauteurs de travail désirées impossibles à ajuster avec seulement l’utilisation de vérins 92 à base plate. 92 flat base or flanged. The jacks 92 are for example telescopic parts - for example by screwing/unscrewing - making it possible to adjust the flatness of the tower according to the ground. Flat base 92 jacks allow the lowest module to be placed on the ground. The jacks 92 with flanges make it possible to fix the lowest module, and therefore the tower, to a lower structure. For example, it is possible to mount the tower on a lower scaffolding allowing the passage of people along a sidewalk, to compensate for a difference in level of the ground or to allow the tower to overcome a door. It is thus possible to combine or associate one or more towers 10 and possibly the resulting scaffolding with a conventional scaffolding (as described previously). For example, it is possible to mount the tower by covering it at its top with a scaffolding protection at the bottom of the slope suitable for roofing work, or even with a half-frame allowing the workstation to be positioned precisely at the desired height (under a gutter or at the level of an acroterion for example), or even a walkway leading to the roof, or even a support allowing the recovery of a heavy load when used as a shoring tower or as a formwork support. For example, it is possible to assemble the tower in juxtaposition of a single level or of an entire column made of multidirectional scaffolding or of tubes and fittings, making it possible to adapt to one or more facade protrusions (balconies, comiches, decorative elements, etc.) - this column or this floor alone can sometimes take the form of a conventional floor, sometimes of a beam or crosspiece allowing the spanning of obstacles of facades or obstacles on the ground prohibiting the installation of a column 10 (or simply to connect the smallest possible number of columns 10 of the scaffolding 9, in the case for example of roofing works, in order to save time). For example, it is possible to mount the tower by adding one or more rows of scaffolding at the back to allow better circulation, whether it has a grip on the ground or whether it is used "in console" of the tower. 10/of the scaffolding 9, or even an access fir tree allowing workers to better circulate on floors without getting in the way, a lifting fir tree allowing materials to be transported to the right height, or even as a storage space for materials to be height of use (tile, plaster, etc.). For example, it is possible to build the tower by adding a floor to it at the front (as a console, as a walkway or not), or one or more scaffolding columns in order to adapt to a building recess. or to marry a devers such as for example on shipyards or under bleachers to better marry the ship or the support). For example, it is possible to mount two vertically superimposed towers 10 separating them from an interface in the form of a half-frame or half-height of scaffolding to achieve more precisely desired working heights impossible to adjust with only the use of cylinders 92 with flat base.
La figure 21 montre un exemple de réalisation de jonction 94 entre deux modules 12 voisins. Les jonctions 94 sont positionnées entre deux modules 12 voisins séparés par un espace. Les jonctions permettent de relier deux modules de deux tours différentes alors qu’un vide existe et que ce vide ne peut pas être comblé par une tour ou un module. Les jonctions 94 servent alors de ponts ou passerelle. Les modules peuvent être dans le même alignement mais séparés par un espace. La jonction 94 permet alors de prolonger les deux modules voisins l’un vers l’autre. Les modules peuvent être perpendiculaires l’un avec l’autre (par exemple pour suivre un angle de bâtiment) laissant un angle vide entre les deux. La jonction 94 permet alors de combler l’angle entre les deux modules voisins. FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of a junction 94 between two neighboring modules 12. Junctions 94 are positioned between two neighboring modules 12 separated by a space. Junctions make it possible to connect two modules of two different towers when a gap exists and this gap cannot be filled by a tower or a module. Junctions 94 then serve as bridges or footbridges. Modules can be in the same alignment but separated by a space. Junction 94 then makes it possible to extend the two neighboring modules towards each other. The modules can be perpendicular to each other (for example to follow a corner of a building) leaving an empty angle between the two. Junction 94 then makes it possible to bridge the angle between the two neighboring modules.
La jonction 94 (entre deux modules séparés par un espace ou un angle) comporte un plancher 14 et une barrière 96 de sécurité. La barrière est articulée au plancher, ce qui permet de la plier pour en réduire l’encombrement lors du transport des jonctions 94. La barrière 96 comporte un organe de verrouillage 98 permettant de verrouiller la barrière avec la rambarde 32 du module voisin pour assurer la sécurité des opérateurs. On peut aussi envisager deux barrières 96 de sécurité dans le cas d’une jonction 94 d’angle. Junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) comprises a floor 14 and a safety barrier 96. The barrier is hinged to the floor, which allows it to be folded to reduce its size during transport of the junctions 94. The barrier 96 comprises a locking member 98 allowing the barrier to be locked with the railing 32 of the neighboring module to ensure the operator safety. Two safety barriers 96 can also be considered in the case of a corner junction 94.
La jonction 94 (entre deux modules séparés par un espace ou un angle) peut en outre comprendre un anneau de levage 102 escamotable dans le plancher 14 au droit du haut de la barrière 96 de sécurité positionnée entre 50 et 70° par rapport au plancher - de préférence environ 60° - et un double anneau 104 de levage sur le haut de la barrière. La jonction est apte à rester sensiblement horizontale par soulèvement par un câble 100 fixé entre les deux anneaux 102, 104 (maintenant la barrière inclinée) et par un câble 106 fixé à l’anneau 104. The junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) can also comprise a retractable lifting ring 102 in the floor 14 to the right of the top of the safety barrier 96 positioned between 50 and 70° relative to the floor - preferably about 60° - and a double lifting eye 104 on the top of the barrier. The junction is able to remain substantially horizontal by lifting by a cable 100 fixed between the two rings 102, 104 (now the inclined barrier) and by a cable 106 fixed to the ring 104.
L’un ou l’autre du plancher et du module 12 voisin comprend des platines en saillie supportant un axe 108 pénétrant dans un orifice respectif de l’autre du plancher ou du module 12 voisin. Selon la figure 21, la jonction 94 (entre deux modules séparés par un espace ou un angle) peut comporter des platines en saillie du plancher 14 supportant l’axe 108 pénétrant dans l’orifice respectif d’un module voisin. Ceci permet de fixer de manière sûre la jonction avec le module voisin. En outre, une goupille peut être prévue pour bloquer le retrait de l’axe 108 hors de l’orifice. Ceci permet de sécuriser l’accrochage des jonctions 94 aux modules 12. One or the other of the floor and of the neighboring module 12 comprises projecting plates supporting an axis 108 penetrating into a respective orifice of the other of the floor or of the neighboring module 12. According to figure 21, the junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) can comprise plates projecting from the floor 14 supporting the axis 108 penetrating into the respective orifice of a neighboring module. This makes it possible to securely fasten the junction with the neighboring module. In addition, a pin can be provided to block the withdrawal of the pin 108 from the hole. This makes it possible to secure the attachment of junctions 94 to modules 12.
La figure 22 montre un exemple de réalisation de jonction 94 entre deux modules voisins. Les jonctions 94 sont positionnées entre deux modules 12 voisins séparés par un angle. Une vue par le dessous est représentée. Une jonction 94 destinée à relier deux modules voisins 12 séparés par un angle peut comprendre un plancher 14 et des poutrelles 110 en croix sur lesquelles repose le plancher 14. Ceci assure la stabilité de la jonction 94 foulée par un opérateur. FIG. 22 shows an embodiment of junction 94 between two neighboring modules. Junctions 94 are positioned between two neighboring modules 12 separated by an angle. A bottom view is shown. A junction 94 intended to connect two neighboring modules 12 separated by an angle can comprise a floor 14 and cross beams 110 on which the floor 14 rests. This ensures the stability of the junction 94 trampled by an operator.
La jonction 94 (entre deux modules séparés par un espace ou un angle) peut aussi comprendre des tiges 84 allonges telles que décrites ci-dessus pour supporter une rallonge 86. La figure 23 montre un exemple de réalisation de module 12 avec un escalier 112.Junction 94 (between two modules separated by a space or an angle) can also include extension rods 84 as described above to support an extension 86. Figure 23 shows an embodiment of module 12 with a staircase 112.
L’escalier 112 permet de se déplacer aisément entre les modules, au sein de la tour d’échafaudage ; par exemple, l’escalier permet aux opérateurs de se déplacer plus aisément tout en portant des charges à deux mains, ce qui n’est pas possible par l’échelle 56. L’escalier 112 peut être rapporté dans un module déplié - ou retiré avant pliage du module. De préférence, l’escalier 112 est articulé au module 12 et se met en place lors du dépliage du module ou suit le mouvement du module lors du pliage. Par exemple, l’escalier 112 est articulé au module par son extrémité supérieure et est apte à coulisser sur le plancher du module 12 par son extrémité inférieure. Ainsi, lors du pliage ou du dépliage du module, l’escalier 112 suit le changement de position du module. En position pliée du module, l’extrémité inférieure de l’escalier 112 coulisse et glisse en dehors du module. En position dépliée de module, l’extrémité inférieure de l’escalier 112 coulisse et glisse vers l’intérieur du module. Une fois le module déplié et l’escalier 112 en place, l’extrémité inférieure de l’escalier 112 est verrouillée, par exemple par goupille. L’extrémité supérieure de l’escalier 112 est par exemple articulée par les deux montants aux poteaux 16 ou à la barre de torsion 30. En outre, l’escalier 112 permet d’atteindre un module supérieur (ou d’en descendre) par un passage vide du plancher 14 - qui peut être obturé par une trappe, ou pas. The staircase 112 makes it easy to move between the modules, within the scaffolding tower; for example, the staircase allows operators to move more easily while carrying loads with both hands, which is not possible with the ladder 56. The staircase 112 can be attached in an unfolded module - or removed before folding the module. Preferably, the staircase 112 is hinged to the module 12 and is put in place during the unfolding of the module or follows the movement of the module during the folding. For example, the staircase 112 is articulated to the module by its upper end and is able to slide on the floor of the module 12 by its lower end. Thus, when folding or unfolding the module, the staircase 112 follows the change in position of the module. In the folded position of the module, the lower end of the staircase 112 slides and slides out of the module. In the unfolded module position, the lower end of the staircase 112 slides and slides inside the module. Once the module has been unfolded and the staircase 112 in place, the lower end of the staircase 112 is locked, for example by pin. The upper end of the staircase 112 is for example articulated by the two uprights to the posts 16 or to the torsion bar 30. In addition, the staircase 112 makes it possible to reach an upper module (or to descend from it) by an empty passage of the floor 14 - which can be closed by a hatch, or not.
L’invention est donc une solution d’échafaudage modulaire, dépliable et au montage simplifié. On obtient un gain de temps pour l’installation car en général, une telle installation condamne souvent une rue. L’échafaudage est monobloc, par modules pliables et dépliables sur par exemple au moins 6 m, de préférence au moins 10 m. L’échafaudage peut atteindre 20 m de haut, voire 30 mètres. L’échafaudage est constitué de tours juxtaposables ; l’échafaudage est dénué de bras de stabilité par repos au sol s’étendant au-delà de la surface au sol des modules, ce qui permet de juxtaposer les tours en série (mais peut en comporter en cas d’utilisation d’une seule tour 10). Le déploiement d’une tour est réalisé sans l’intervention humaine, mais de manière mécanisée, de préférence par un engin de levage ; il permet de réduire les accidents. La sécurisation par plusieurs moyens décrits ci-dessus est faite par un opérateur, en toute sécurité grâce à l’engin de levage. En outre, la tour peut comporter nombre de composants (tels que poteaux, planchers, rambardes de sécurité, échelle, etc. le cas échéant) déjà en place dans la position pliée de la tour et qui se retrouvent en place dans la position dépliée - et inversement. Une tour de 10 m peut peser entre 1000 à 2000 Kg - à titre d’exemple, ce qui n’est pas possible pour un homme à manipuler à main nue (mais par un engin de levage). Les modules font par exemple plus de 2 mètres de large, mais de préférence moins de 2,4 mètres de large pour contenir en travers sur un camion de 2,5 mètres de large. Les jonctions peuvent mesurer à titre d’exemple entre 2 et 4 mètres de long. Les tours sont d’une hauteur adaptée à l’utilisation mentionnée ci-dessus, et sont aptes à être juxtaposées pour couvrir une grande longueur d’utilisation. Le montage se fait en colonnes et juxtapositions latérales et non pas en ligne comme traditionnellement. Le caractère dépliable et pliable par articulation permet un niveau de compacité replié très important. The invention is therefore a modular, foldable scaffolding solution with simplified assembly. This saves installation time because, in general, such an installation often condemns a street. The scaffolding is in one piece, in foldable and unfoldable modules over, for example, at least 6 m, preferably at least 10 m. The scaffolding can reach 20 m high, even 30 meters. The scaffolding consists of juxtaposable towers; the scaffolding is devoid of stability arms by resting on the ground extending beyond the ground surface of the modules, which makes it possible to juxtapose the towers in series (but may include one if a single one is used turn 10). The deployment of a tower is carried out without human intervention, but in a mechanized way, preferably by a lifting device; it reduces accidents. Securing by several means described above is done by an operator, in complete safety thanks to the lifting device. In addition, the tower may have a number of components (such as posts, floors, guard rails, ladders, etc. if applicable) already in place in the folded position of the tower and which are in place in the unfolded position - and vice versa. A 10 m tower can weigh between 1000 to 2000 Kg - for example, which is not possible for a man to handle with his bare hands (but by a lifting device). The modules are for example more than 2 meters wide, but preferably less than 2.4 meters wide to contain across a truck 2.5 meters wide. The junctions can measure, for example, between 2 and 4 meters in length. The towers are of a height suitable for the use mentioned above, and are able to be juxtaposed to cover a great length of use. The assembly is done in columns and lateral juxtapositions and not in line as traditionally. The unfoldable and foldable character by articulation allows a very high level of folded compactness.
Les tours 10 ont la faculté d’être des assemblages prémontés et repliés par articulation, ce qui les rend les plus compacts possibles. Elles sont dépliées (et pliées) par un engin de levage, qui soulève l’ensemble de la tour (par le haut ou par le dessous du dernier module déplié). Tous les composants sont déjà assemblés, aucune opération manuelle en étage n’est nécessaire à l’installation et démontage - uniquement l’actionnement des sécurités décrites. L’engin de levage est par exemple une grue, un chariot élévateur, un camion grue, un manuscopique, etc. Le fait que le procédé de dépliage ou de pliage décrit ci-dessus des modules lors de l’installation ou le démontage est possible uniquement par soulèvement vertical des modules par l’engin de levage pour chaque niveau de module, suppose que le moyen de levage soit présent. L’engin de levage sécurise tant l’installation que le démontage (et donc la descente des module et tours). On évite ainsi que le pliage soit fait par une chute brutale d’un niveau sans être accroché et sécurisé par le haut par l’engin de levage. Les étapes décrites de procédé de pliage et de dépliage des modules et des tours, ainsi que de juxtaposition des tours, assurent un gain de temps et la sécurité des opérateurs. Towers 10 have the ability to be pre-assembled and hinge-folded assemblies, which makes them as compact as possible. They are unfolded (and folded) by a lifting device, which lifts the entire tower (from above or from below the last unfolded module). All the components are already assembled, no manual operation on the floor is necessary for installation and dismantling - only the actuation of the safety devices described. The lifting device is for example a crane, a forklift, a truck crane, a manuscopic, etc. The fact that the unfolding or folding method described above of the modules during installation or dismantling is possible only by vertical lifting of the modules by the lifting device for each module level, assumes that the lifting means be present. The lifting device secures both installation and dismantling (and therefore the lowering of modules and towers). This avoids the folding being done by a sudden fall from a level without being hooked and secured from above by the lifting device. The process steps described for folding and unfolding the modules and the towers, as well as the juxtaposition of the towers, ensure time savings and operator safety.

Claims

Revendications Claims
1. Tour (10) d’échafaudage comprenant une pluralité de modules (12) articulés les uns au-dessus des autres, chaque module (12) comprenant un plancher (14) et des poteaux (16) articulés au plancher (14), les poteaux (16) étant en outre articulés dans leur longueur, la tour (10) d’échafaudage étant apte à occuper une configuration pliée dans laquelle chaque module (12) est en position pliée et une configuration dépliée par dépliage vertical module par module, dans laquelle chaque module (12) est en position dépliée. 1. scaffolding tower (10) comprising a plurality of modules (12) hinged one above the other, each module (12) comprising a floor (14) and posts (16) hinged to the floor (14), the posts (16) being further articulated along their length, the scaffolding tower (10) being capable of occupying a folded configuration in which each module (12) is in the folded position and an unfolded configuration by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module (12) is in the unfolded position.
2. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les modules (12) sont dépliés les uns indépendamment des autres. 2. The scaffolding tower (10) according to claim 1, in which the modules (12) are unfolded independently of each other.
3. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un module (12) est apte à se déplier par traction verticale du module du haut ou par soulèvement vertical du dernier module déplié. 3. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which a module (12) is capable of unfolding by vertical traction of the top module or by vertical lifting of the last unfolded module.
4. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chaque poteau (16) d’un module (12) comporte une articulation (26) au plancher (14) dudit module (12) et une articulation (28) au plancher du module supérieur, chaque poteau (16) comportant en outre une articulation (18) dans la longueur qui est décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations du poteau, dans la position dépliée du module. 4. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which each post (16) of a module (12) comprises a joint (26) on the floor (14) of said module (12) and a hinge (28) to the floor of the upper module, each post (16) further comprising a hinge (18) in the length which is laterally offset with respect to the other hinges of the post, in the unfolded position of the module.
5. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle le passage vers la position pliée ou dépliée d’un module est possible uniquement par soulèvement verticale du module. 5. The scaffolding tower (10) according to the preceding claim, in which the transition to the folded or unfolded position of a module is possible only by vertical lifting of the module.
6. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle, entre la position pliée des modules (12) et la position dépliée des modules (12), l’articulation (18) dans la longueur des poteaux est alignée avec les autres articulations (26, 28) des poteaux aux planchers et dans la position dépliée des modules (12), l’articulation (18) dans la longueur des poteaux (16) est décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations (26, 28) des poteaux aux planchers. 6. The scaffolding tower (10) according to the preceding claim, in which, between the folded position of the modules (12) and the unfolded position of the modules (12), the joint (18) in the length of the posts is aligned with the other joints (26, 28) of the posts to the floors and in the unfolded position of the modules (12), the joint (18) in the length of the posts (16) is offset laterally with respect to the other joints (26, 28 ) from the posts to the floors.
7. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les poteaux de chaque module sont reliés par paire par une barre de torsion (30), chaque module (12) comprend en outre au moins une rambarde (32) de sécurité reliée à une poteau (16) de chaque paire, la rambarde (32) de sécurité bloquant l’articulation (18) dans la longueur des deux poteaux (16) de la paire dans la position dépliée du module (12) et libérant l’articulation (18) dans la longueur des deux poteaux (16) de la paire dans la position pliée du module (12). 7. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the posts of each module are connected in pairs by a torsion bar (30), each module (12) further comprises at least one guardrail (32) safety connected to a post (16) of each pair, the guardrail (32) safety blocking the joint (18) in the length of the two posts (16) of the pair in the unfolded position of the module (12) and releasing the joint (18) in the length of the two posts (16) of the pair in the folded position of the module (12).
8. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon la revendication précédente, lorsqu’elle dépend de la revendication 6, dans laquelle, dans la position alignée de l’articulation (18) dans la longueur des poteaux avec les autres articulations (26, 28) des poteaux aux planchers, la rotation de la rambarde (32) active un suiveur (38) de came le long d’une came (40) jusqu’à une position de la rambarde (32) dans laquelle P articulation (18) dans la longueur des poteaux est positionnée de manière décalée latéralement par rapport aux autres articulations (26, 28) des poteaux aux planchers, cette position de la rambarde correspondant à la position dépliée des modules. 8. The scaffold tower (10) according to the preceding claim, when dependent on claim 6, wherein, in the aligned position of the joint (18) in the length of the posts with the other joints (26, 28) from the posts to the floors, rotation of the guardrail (32) activates a cam follower (38) along a cam (40) to a position of the guardrail (32) in which the hinge (18) in the length of the posts is positioned offset laterally relative to the other joints (26, 28) of the posts to the floors, this position of the railing corresponding to the unfolded position of the modules.
9. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle la rotation de la rambarde (32) active simultanément un suiveur (38) de came le long d’une came (40) au niveau du poteau de chaque paire auxquels la rambarde est reliée. 9. The scaffolding tower (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein rotation of the guardrail (32) simultaneously activates a cam follower (38) along a cam (40) at the post of each pair. to which the railing is connected.
10. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des deux revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la rambarde (32) est immobilisée par rapport aux poteaux (16) auxquels elle est reliée par le suiveur (38) de came en bout de came (40) et par une goupille (50) entre la rambarde (32) et un manchon (34) supportant la came (40), les deux poteaux auxquels la rambarde est reliée et les modules sont maintenus en position dépliée. 10. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the two preceding claims, in which the guardrail (32) is immobilized with respect to the posts (16) to which it is connected by the cam follower (38) at the end of the cam (40) and by a pin (50) between the guardrail (32) and a sleeve (34) supporting the cam (40), the two posts to which the guardrail is connected and the modules are held in the unfolded position.
11. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications 7 à 10, dans laquelle, en position dépliée des modules (12), une pluralité de goupilles (50), de préférence quatre goupilles, bloquent l’articulation (18) dans la longueur d’au moins deux poteaux (16) et la rambarde (32) par rapport aux deux poteaux auxquels elle est reliée. 11. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein, in the unfolded position of the modules (12), a plurality of pins (50), preferably four pins, block the joint ( 18) in the length of at least two posts (16) and the guardrail (32) relative to the two posts to which it is connected.
12. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les modules (12) comprennent une échelle (56) avec une articulation (58) dans sa longueur, l’échelle est mobile en rotation autour d’un poteau entre 12. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the modules (12) comprise a ladder (56) with a hinge (58) in its length, the ladder is rotatable around a pole between
- une position d’utilisation de l’échelle (56) dans la position dépliée du module (12) respectif, l’échelle étant dans un plan orthogonal aux axes des articulations des poteaux et une position autorisant le pliage du module (12). - a position of use of the ladder (56) in the unfolded position of the respective module (12), the ladder being in a plane orthogonal to the axes of the joints of the posts and a position allowing the folding of the module (12).
13. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, chaque module comprenant en outre au moins une rambarde (68) de sécurité d’extrémité, montée à rotation autour d’un poteau (16) et optionnellement amovible. 13. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, each module further comprising at least one end safety rail (68), rotatably mounted around a post (16) and optionally removable .
14. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre un cadre (13) de traction vertical de la tour en haut du module supérieur. 14. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a vertical traction frame (13) of the tower at the top of the upper module.
15. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les planchers (14) sont avec au moins une trappe de passage. 15. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the floors (14) are with at least one passage hatch.
16. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre des pattes de liaison (80) entre deux modules (12) en position pliée ou entre deux modules voisins en position dépliée de deux tours juxtaposées, les pattes de liaison (80) comprenant de manière optionnelle une indentation (81) s’adaptant à l’écart entre les modules. 16. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising connecting lugs (80) between two modules (12) in the folded position or between two neighboring modules in the unfolded position of two juxtaposed towers, the connecting legs (80) optionally comprising an indentation (81) adapting to the gap between the modules.
17. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre des tiges (84) allonges télescopiques mobiles entre une position rétractée dans le plancher (14) et une position extraite du plancher, une rallonge (86) de plancher étant fixée sur les tiges (84) en position extraite. 17. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising movable telescopic extension rods (84) between a retracted position in the floor (14) and an extracted position from the floor, an extension (86 ) floor being fixed on the rods (84) in the extracted position.
18. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre des câbles (90) de triangulation amovibles ou à demeure sur les modules. 18. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising triangulation cables (90) removable or permanently on the modules.
19. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le module le plus bas comporte des vérins (92) à base plate ou à brides. 19. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the lowest module comprises cylinders (92) with a flat base or with flanges.
20. La tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le module (12) comprend un escalier (112) articulé au module par une extrémité. 20. The scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the module (12) comprises a staircase (112) hinged to the module at one end.
21. Utilisation d’une tour (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications précédentes, en tant que construction provisoire pour des chantiers de construction, en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’événementiel tels stands rapides, gradin privatif ou support de gradin pour un spectacle, une manifestation sportive ou des attractions, en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’observation ou de la prise de mesure, en tant que support provisoire tel que pour une antenne, des capteurs, de l’éclairage, du matériel de sonorisation, des câbles électriques ou de la publicité, en tant que construction provisoire pour l’enjambement d’une voirie, en tant que poste de travail en hauteur dans l'industrie, en tant que rayonnage ou étagère provisoires pour des commerces ou des entrepôts, en tant que sapine ou tour d’accès ou tour d’ étalement, en tant que complément ou en association d'une ou plusieurs travées d'échafaudage conventionnel. 21. Use of a scaffolding tower (10) according to one of the preceding claims, as a temporary construction for construction sites, as a temporary construction for events such as quick stands, private bleachers or support bleachers for a show, sporting event or attractions, as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support such as for an antenna, sensors, lighting, sound equipment, electric cables or advertising, as temporary construction for the spanning of a road, as a work station at height in industry, as temporary shelving or shelving for shops or warehouses, as a fir tree or access tower or spreading tower, as a complement or in association with one or more conventional scaffolding bays.
22. Un échafaudage (9) comprenant une pluralité de tours (10) d’échafaudage selon l’une des revendications 1 à 20, les tours étant juxtaposées les unes aux autres dans une configuration dépliée, dans laquelle chaque module (12) est en position dépliée. 22. A scaffolding (9) comprising a plurality of scaffolding towers (10) according to one of claims 1 to 20, the towers being juxtaposed to each other in an unfolded configuration, in which each module (12) is in unfolded position.
23. L’échafaudage (9) selon la revendication 22, dans lequel des jonctions (94) sont positionnés entre deux modules (12) voisins séparés par un espace ou un angle. 23. The scaffolding (9) according to claim 22, in which junctions (94) are positioned between two neighboring modules (12) separated by a space or an angle.
24. L’échafaudage (9) selon la revendication 23, les jonctions comprenant en outre une barrière (96) de sécurité articulée à un plancher (14) de la jonction et ayant un organe de verrouillage avec une ou plusieurs rambardes de sécurité d’un module voisin. 24. The scaffolding (9) according to claim 23, the junctions further comprising a safety barrier (96) hinged to a floor (14) of the junction and having a locking member with one or more safety rails of a neighboring module.
25. L’échafaudage (9) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les jonctions (94) comprennent un anneau de levage (102) escamotable dans le plancher au droit du haut de la barrière de sécurité positionnée entre 50 et 70° par rapport au plancher (14) et un double anneau (104) de levage sur le haut de la barrière, les jonctions (94) étant aptes à rester sensiblement horizontales par soulèvement par un ou plusieurs câbles arrimés à l’anneau de levage (102) escamotable et au double anneau de levage (104), ou les jonctions (94) positionnées entre deux modules (12) voisins séparés par un angle comprennent un plancher et des poutrelles (110) en croix sur lesquelles reposent le plancher comprennent. 25. The scaffolding (9) according to the preceding claim, in which the junctions (94) comprise a lifting ring (102) retractable in the floor to the right of the top of the safety barrier positioned between 50 and 70° relative to the floor (14) and a double lifting ring (104) on the top of the barrier, the junctions (94) being capable of remaining substantially horizontal by lifting by one or more cables secured to the retractable lifting ring (102) and to the double lifting ring (104), or the junctions (94) positioned between two adjacent modules (12) separated by an angle comprise a floor and cross beams (110) on which the floor rests comprise.
26. L’échafaudage (9) selon l’une des revendications 22 à 25, dans lequel les tours (10) d’échafaudage sont aptes à occuper une configuration pliée dans laquelle chaque module est en position pliée et une configuration dépliée par dépliage vertical module par module, dans laquelle chaque module est en position dépliée, les tours étant aptes à être juxtaposées par passage d’une configuration pliée à une configuration dépliée en étant positionnées côte à côte ou par déplacement d’une tour d’échafaudage en configuration dépliée. 26. The scaffolding (9) according to one of claims 22 to 25, in which the scaffold towers (10) are capable of occupying a folded configuration in which each module is in the folded position and an unfolded configuration by vertical unfolding module by module, in which each module is in the unfolded position, the towers being able to be juxtaposed by passing from a folded configuration to an unfolded configuration while being positioned side by side or by moving a scaffolding tower in the unfolded configuration .
27. Utilisation d’un échafaudage (9) selon la revendication 22 à 26, en tant que construction provisoire pour des chantiers de constmction, en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’événementiel tels stands rapides, gradin privatif ou support de gradin pour un spectacle, une manifestation sportive ou des attractions, en tant que construction provisoire pour de l’observation ou de la prise de mesure, en tant que support provisoire tel que pour une antenne, des capteurs, de l’éclairage, du matériel de sonorisation, des câbles électriques ou de la publicité, en tant que construction provisoire pour l’enjambement d’une voirie, en tant que poste de travail en hauteur dans l'industrie, en tant que rayonnage ou étagère provisoires pour des commerces ou des entrepôts, en tant que complément ou en association d'une ou plusieurs travées d'échafaudage conventionnel. 27. Use of a scaffolding (9) according to claim 22 to 26, as a temporary construction for construction sites, as a temporary construction for events such as quick stands, private bleachers or bleacher support for a show, a sporting event or attractions, as a temporary construction for observation or measurement, as a temporary support such as for an antenna, sensors, lighting, sound equipment, electrical cables or advertising, as a temporary construction for crossing a road, as a work station at height in industry, as temporary shelving or shelving for shops or warehouses, in as a complement or in combination with one or more conventional scaffold spans.
EP22753725.5A 2021-07-05 2022-07-05 Scaffolding tower and scaffold and use of the tower and scaffold Pending EP4367344A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2107270A FR3124813B1 (en) 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 Scaffold tower and scaffolding and use of tower and scaffolding
FR2107271A FR3124814B1 (en) 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 Scaffolding and use of scaffolding
PCT/FR2022/051347 WO2023281211A1 (en) 2021-07-05 2022-07-05 Scaffolding tower and scaffold and use of the tower and scaffold

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EP4367344A1 true EP4367344A1 (en) 2024-05-15

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CA (1) CA3224428A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2023281211A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA898794A (en) * 1969-12-01 1972-04-25 J. W. Merson Karol Split screw jack nut
DE3310317C2 (en) * 1983-03-22 1985-08-08 Josef 7611 Steinach Maier Walk console with a door
JPS6168971A (en) * 1984-09-08 1986-04-09 株式会社竹中工務店 Assembling and disassembling of frame scaffold
JP3197991B2 (en) * 1993-06-23 2001-08-13 三栄工業株式会社 Folding stairs
JP3131896B2 (en) * 1995-07-20 2001-02-05 辰雄 小野 Shoring
JP3744836B2 (en) * 2001-09-28 2006-02-15 アルインコ株式会社 Temporary scaffold
KR100821668B1 (en) * 2006-02-22 2008-04-11 윤여성 A foldup scaffold

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