EP4108834B1 - Véhicule de nettoyage des tunnels - Google Patents

Véhicule de nettoyage des tunnels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4108834B1
EP4108834B1 EP21180690.6A EP21180690A EP4108834B1 EP 4108834 B1 EP4108834 B1 EP 4108834B1 EP 21180690 A EP21180690 A EP 21180690A EP 4108834 B1 EP4108834 B1 EP 4108834B1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
tunnel
vortex
air
blowing
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Active
Application number
EP21180690.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4108834A1 (fr
EP4108834C0 (fr
Inventor
Maurice VERHEIJEN
Falko WITTORF
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Railtechnology GmbH
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Railtechnology GmbH
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4108834B1 publication Critical patent/EP4108834B1/fr
Publication of EP4108834C0 publication Critical patent/EP4108834C0/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/005—Mobile installations, particularly for upkeeping in situ road or railway furniture, for instance road barricades, traffic signs; Mobile installations particularly for upkeeping tunnel walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle for cleaning a tunnel comprising tunnel walls and a tunnel floor when driving through the tunnel, comprising a blowing device that generates an air flow and is designed to expel the air flow in the direction of the tunnel walls and / or in the direction of the tunnel floor when driving through the tunnel, to remove contaminants from the tunnel walls and/or from the tunnel floor, a suction device for suctioning off air containing the dissolved contaminants, a filter system downstream of the suction device for cleaning the contaminated air, and a blow-out device downstream of the filter system for expelling the cleaned air into the tunnel .
  • traces of petroleum hydrocarbons can be found. These can result, for example, from non- or partially oxidized diesel exhaust emissions, lubricants and hydraulic fluids.
  • Dust particles with a grain diameter of ⁇ 10 ⁇ m are respirable and therefore potentially harmful to health if exposed to the appropriate level.
  • the dust deposits are regularly removed manually by service providers using brooms, shovels and/or vacuum cleaners. Automated systems are also used, particularly for track bed cleaning.
  • Conventional tunnel cleaning systems use either water or a blast jet as the cleaning medium. Cleaning with water and brushes is done manually and can only be done through direct contact with the surfaces to be cleaned. Contactless automated cleaning takes place at a distance from the surfaces to be cleaned and can be carried out using a cleaning vehicle with appropriate devices.
  • the EN 10 2019 100 301 A1 A tunnel cleaning train is described that uses air jets aimed at the tunnel walls to remove contaminants.
  • the dust stirred up by the air jets is sucked up by a suction funnel, cleaned in a filter and returned to the tunnel via an exit.
  • a fan generates a basic current along the entire path from the suction funnel to the exit.
  • the suction funnel In order to ensure sufficient suction to suck up most of the dust, the suction funnel must be large enough and the suction power, i.e. the basic current, must be strong enough.
  • the DE 89 13 287 U1 describes a rail vehicle with a cleaning device for removing contamination containing iron particles from a solid surface, in particular from a solid concrete surface on which rails rest, at least one vacuum box of a vacuum cleaner device being arranged on the rail vehicle and a temporary magnetic surface being provided in the area of the inner wall of the suction box .
  • a suction nozzle device that can be moved on a surface to be cleaned is known and is formed from at least two vortex chambers, the Vortex chambers are open to the surface to be cleaned and the device is provided with a blowing device that generates a blast of air into the vortex chamber and a channel device that leads air out of the vortex chamber.
  • the blown air is guided in such a way that it passes from the first vortex chamber to the second vortex chamber, with the air rotating at least partially in both chambers.
  • the WO 2010/075828 A1 describes a method and a device for cleaning the track superstructure and tunnel walls, working with an overpressure air curtain that only uses air as a cleaning medium and, by tilting the air nozzles, produces a vortex inherent in the cleaning area, which ensures and supports the functionally necessary overpressure air curtain.
  • tunnel cleaning vehicles known from the state of the art do not yet make it possible to make the suction so efficient that large suction devices are not required in relation to the cleaning vehicle.
  • Tunnel cleaning vehicles with large suction devices not only have a high energy requirement due to the strong basic current required, they also make it difficult to use them in a variety of different sized tunnels and pose a safety risk if there are protruding components. Cleaning and maintaining the cleaning vehicle itself is also made more difficult.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a vehicle for tunnel cleaning with an efficient suction device that enables a compact design and energy-saving operation.
  • a vehicle for cleaning a tunnel comprising tunnel walls and a tunnel floor when driving through the tunnel, comprising a blowing device which generates an air flow and which is designed to expel the air flow in the direction of the tunnel walls and/or in the direction of the tunnel floor when driving through the tunnel in order to remove contaminants from the tunnel walls and/or from the tunnel floor, a suction device for sucking out air containing the dissolved contaminants, a filter system downstream of the suction device for cleaning the contaminated air, and a blow-out device downstream of the filter system for expelling the cleaned air into the tunnel, characterized in that the suction device is designed as a vortex hood.
  • vortex hood refers to a suction device that uses flow eddies, the so-called vortex sink, to create a negative pressure so that the air to be cleaned is sucked into the vortex hood.
  • the vortex hood is characterized by the fact that a suction field can be generated almost uniformly over the entire length of the vortex hood.
  • the formation of the vortex sink within the vortex hood creates very high flow velocities, which increase the degree of capture. High flow velocities increasingly occur towards the center of the vortex.
  • the suction device can be operated efficiently and energy-saving due to the vortex hood.
  • the vehicle for tunnel cleaning compact, as oversized components, in particular suction funnels, can be dispensed with.
  • the invention is therefore based on a vehicle for cleaning a tunnel comprising tunnel walls and a tunnel floor when driving through the tunnel, i.e. a vehicle that is suitable for cleaning the tunnel walls and / or the tunnel floor. It goes without saying that such a vehicle is also suitable for cleaning the track bed outside of tunnels and/or walls next to the track, such as in the case of a train platform.
  • the vehicle has a blowing device that generates an air flow and is designed to expel an air flow in a lateral direction and/or downwards when driving in order to remove contaminants from the track bed and/or a wall adjacent to the track.
  • the swirl hood is preferably arranged outside the vehicle, most preferably flush with the outer wall of the vehicle.
  • “Contamination” refers to the smallest particles, preferably with a particle size between 1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m. These include dust or dust-containing deposits.
  • the suction device has two vortex hoods which are perpendicular to one another with regard to their suction direction on a side wall of the vehicle which faces a side tunnel wall during operation in a tunnel.
  • the vortex hoods, which are perpendicular to one another, are aligned in such a way that the suction direction of the first vortex hood is parallel and opposite to the direction of travel and the suction direction of the second vortex hood is perpendicular to the direction of travel.
  • the first vortex hood is, so to speak, aligned with the tunnel walls and the second vortex hood with the tunnel floor.
  • At least one vortex hood for suctioning material originating from the tunnel sole is also provided on the floor of the vehicle facing the tunnel floor during operation.
  • the vortex hoods each have a detection element provided with at least two suction nozzles and a guide wall leading to the detection element.
  • the guide wall and the detection element are positioned relative to one another in such a way that the guide wall for the air to be extracted has a guiding function in addition to the detection element.
  • At least two suction nozzles are arranged on the detection element, so that a vortex can be generated with a small amount of air, which causes uniform detection over the entire length of the vortex hood or longitudinal extent of the detection element. This makes it possible to ensure efficient suction with a small amount of air.
  • the suction nozzles arranged on the capture element are connected to the filter system via pipes so that the extracted air can be directed to the filter system.
  • the suction nozzles have an inner diameter of 20 cm (DN 200), for example.
  • suction nozzles are arranged at a distance from one another in the longitudinal extent of the detection elements. This ensures the creation of a vortex depression that is uniform over the longitudinal extent of the detection element.
  • the detection elements of the vortex hoods each have a wall with a circular section in cross section, which merges into the guide wall on one side.
  • the detection elements of the vortex hoods are each formed by a polygonal construction with sequential bending.
  • the guide walls of the vortex hoods it is possible for the guide walls of the vortex hoods to be designed straight and to be arranged parallel to the tunnel wall or to the tunnel floor during operation, i.e. while traveling through the tunnel. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, it is provided that the guide walls of the vortex hoods run in such a way that they are further outward at a greater distance from the respective detection element. If we are talking about "standing further out” in this case, what is meant is that with a greater distance from the respective detection element, the guide walls are closer to the tunnel wall or the tunnel floor when driving through the tunnel, i.e. the guide wall is at an angle to the tunnel wall or the tunnel floor is arranged.
  • the width of the vortex hood becomes smaller with a greater distance from the respective detection element.
  • the width of the vortex hood is maximum and becomes smaller as the distance from the detection element increases.
  • the two guide walls of the two detection elements merge into one another due to the vortex hoods arranged perpendicular to one another in such a way that the width of the vortex hood is designed to decrease not only along the outer sides opposite the detection elements, but also starting from the point at which the two are arranged perpendicular to one another Detection elements touch in a line that slopes outwards and is designed to decrease.
  • the blowing device has a plurality of blowing nozzles and/or a blowing slot. Due to the plurality of blowing nozzles and/or the blowing slot, a blown air curtain can be formed, which makes it possible for the tunnel walls and/or the tunnel floor to be flowed over a large area.
  • the blowing nozzles and/or the blowing slot are preferably arranged on the outer wall of the vehicle.
  • the filter system which is connected between the suction device and the blow-out device, is designed to clean the extracted air of at least large parts of the contaminants.
  • the filter system preferably comprises at least one dry filter for this purpose.
  • the blow-out device has several fans. Accordingly, several fans can be installed in the blow-out device. Each fan is arranged in a pipe that is connected to a central blow-out pipe. The blow-out pipe feeds all of the cleaned air to an outlet opening, through which the cleaned air can be released back into the tunnel space.
  • the blowing device, the suction device and the blow-out device are arranged on the vehicle having an outer housing so that they are flush with the outer housing.
  • the blowing device, the suction device and the blow-out device do not extend beyond the housing of the vehicle. They are therefore flush with the outer housing of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle comprises clean gas lines for transporting the cleaned air and raw gas lines for transporting it the contaminated air, with the clean gas lines being arranged above the raw gas lines.
  • the clean and raw gas lines enable the exchange of air between the respective devices or between the devices and the filter system.
  • the air is passed from station to station via the clean and raw gas lines.
  • the raw gas lines are arranged in particular in such a way that the air can be directed from the suction device to the filter system.
  • the clean gas lines are arranged in particular in such a way that the air can be directed from the filter system to the blow-out device.
  • the vehicle has its own drive or can be coupled to another vehicle with a drive, the drive preferably being a diesel and/or electric drive.
  • the vehicle is preferably suitable for road and/or rail traffic and can either be self-propelled or is designed as a car or trailer that can be coupled to a towing vehicle with a drive.
  • the vehicle can preferably have two carriages connected to one another via pipes, the first carriage having the blowing device, the suction device and a first filter system, and the second carriage having a second filter system and the blow-out device.
  • the blowing device and the suction device are arranged on both sides of the vehicle, so that cleaning of the tunnel walls on both sides can be guaranteed.
  • the blowing capacity of the blowing device preferably comprises an average volume flow of approx. 1700 m 3 /h.
  • the average speed of the air in blowing nozzles is approx. 33.3 m/s with a pressure loss of approx. 1150 Pa and a volume flow of approx. 1700 m 3 /h.
  • the air supply preferably takes place via two air-side connection nozzles DN 110 with a average flow speed in the connecting nozzles of approx. 25 m/s each.
  • This air knife is preferably adjustable in the angle of the blowing direction.
  • the extraction device preferably has a volume flow of approx. 15000 m 3 /h, i.e. with a total of five extraction nozzles approx. 3000 m 3 /h per extraction nozzle.
  • the pressure loss per vortex hood is approx. 780 Pa.
  • a vehicle 1 for tunnel cleaning is shown schematically, which drives through a tunnel in the x-direction.
  • the tunnel comprises tunnel walls 2 and a tunnel floor 3.
  • the vehicle comprises two carriages 18, 19 coupled to one another.
  • the blowing device 4, the suction device 5 and a filter system 6 are arranged in or on the first carriage.
  • a further filter system 6 and the blowing device are arranged in or on the second carriage.
  • the blowing device 4 is arranged on the vehicle 1 in such a way that it points in the direction of the tunnel walls 2, i.e. in the negative z-direction.
  • An arrangement of the blowing device 4 on the floor of the vehicle 1 (not shown here) can also be directed in the direction of the tunnel floor 3, i.e. in the negative y-direction.
  • the vortex hood 8 of the suction device 5 is arranged on the side of the vehicle 1 and behind the blowing device 4, so that the air that flows out of the blowing device and loosens the contaminants can then be sucked out directly by
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically the vehicle 1 Fig. 1 in a side view.
  • the air is blown by the blowing device 4 against the tunnel walls 2 and/or against the tunnel floor 3.
  • the air then containing the impurities is sucked out by the suction device 5 via the vortex hood 8.
  • the contaminated air is fed to the filter system 6 via a raw gas line 16.
  • the cleaned air is supplied to the blow-out device 7 via the clean gas lines 15.
  • the blow-out device 7 has fans 13 which generate a flow so that the cleaned air, represented by the upward-pointing arrow on the far left in the figure, is returned to the tunnel via the outlet opening.
  • the clean gas lines 15 are arranged above the raw gas lines 16.
  • Fig. 3 which schematically shows vehicle 1 Fig. 1 and 2 shows in a top view
  • the blowing device 4 the vortex hoods 8 of the suction device 5 and the outlet openings 17 of the blowing device 7 are arranged on both sides of the vehicle.
  • the cleaning process of the tunnel walls can be carried out on both sides.
  • the extracted contaminated air from the vortex hood 8 on the right in the direction of travel is fed via the raw gas line 16 to the filter system 6 arranged in the first carriage 18 and the extracted contaminated air from the vortex hood 8 on the left in the direction of travel via a y-direction under the Clean gas line 15 arranged raw gas line 16 is supplied to the filter system 6 arranged in the second carriage 19.
  • the cleaned air is transferred the clean gas lines 15 are fed to the blow-out device 7 and returned to the tunnel via the outlet openings 17 on both sides.
  • the vortex hood 8 has a detection element 9 and a guide wall 10 that merges into the detection element 9.
  • the guide wall 10 is arranged obliquely in the z direction to the outside of the vehicle 1. The air is directed via the guide wall 10 to the detection element 9 and supplied to the respective filter system 6 via the raw gas lines 16.
  • Fig.4 shows a portion of the vehicle for tunnel cleaning, in particular the suction device 5 and the blowing device 4.
  • the blowing device 4 essentially comprises a pipe with a rectangular cross-section with many blowing nozzles 12 arranged on it.
  • the blowing nozzles 12 are aligned in such a way that they emit an air flow in the direction of the tunnel walls, i.e. in the z-direction.
  • the suction device 5 is arranged behind the blowing device 4 in the travel or x-direction.
  • the suction device 5 comprises two vortex hoods 8A, 8B arranged perpendicular to one another.
  • the orientation of the vortex hoods 8A, 8B is designated according to the orientation of the longitudinal axis of the respective detection element 9A, 9B.
  • Both vortex hoods 8A, 8B each have a detection element 9A, 9B and a guide wall 10A, 10B, which merges into the respective detection element 9A, 9B.
  • Three suction pipes 11 are arranged on the detection element 9A, which is aligned in the y-direction, i.e. perpendicular to the direction of travel.
  • Two suction pipes 11 are arranged on the detection element 9B, which is aligned in the x-direction, i.e. along the direction of travel.
  • the suction pipes 11 are arranged at regular intervals from one another over the length L of the vortex hood 8A, 8B. The captured air is sucked out via the suction pipes 11.
  • the detection elements 9A, 9B are circular in cross-section and merge into the respective guide wall 10A, 10B on one side.
  • the air is fed to the detection element 9A, 9B via the guide wall 10A, 10B and a vortex is formed due to the circular wall, so that the vortex depression is created.
  • the guide walls 10A, 10B are arranged at an angle. This means that the guide walls 10A, 10B are positioned further outwards with increasing distance from the respective detection element 9A, 9B.
  • the angled arrangement is also evident from the width B of the vortex hoods 8A, 8B.
  • the width B of the vortex hoods 8A, 8B increases with increasing distance to the respective detection elements 9A, 9B smaller. This is due to the slanted guide walls 10A, 10B.
  • the width B of the vortex hoods 8A, 8B is maximum and essentially corresponds to the width of the respective detection element 9A, 9B.
  • the width B of the vortex hoods 8A, 8B becomes smaller. If these two similarly designed vortex hoods 8A, 8B are arranged perpendicular to one another, the slanted guide walls 10A, 10B overlap.
  • the guide wall 10A of the vortex hood 8A arranged perpendicular to the direction of travel runs diagonally outwards in the x-direction.
  • the guide wall 10B of the vortex hood 8B arranged parallel to the direction of travel runs diagonally outwards in the y-direction.
  • slanted outside we mean that the slope of the guide walls 10A, 10B is inclined in the z-direction, i.e.
  • the slope of the guide walls 10A, 10B can be described by a vector sum of an x-vector for the guide wall 10A, or of a y-vector for the guide wall 10B, and a z-vector.
  • Fig.5 shows schematically the same in Fig.4 shown partial area, but in a perspective external view.
  • the vortex hoods 8A, 8B are arranged in the vehicle 1 in such a way that they are flush with the outer casing 14 of the vehicle 1. No component of one of the devices 4, 5, 7 or of the filter system 6 protrudes beyond the outer casing 14 of the vehicle 1.
  • the detection elements 9A, 9B extend with their width into the vehicle 1, i.e. in the z-direction. This ensures that the required clearance profiles between the tunnel walls 2 and the vehicle 1 can be maintained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Véhicule (1) de nettoyage d'un tunnel comportant des parois de tunnel (2) et un socle de tunnel (3), lors de la traversée du tunnel, présentant
    un dispositif de soufflage (4) générant un courant d'air qui est conçu pour expulser le courant d'air lors de la traversée du tunnel en direction des parois de tunnel (2) et/ou en direction du socle de tunnel (3) afin de détacher des salissures des parois de tunnel (2) et/ou du socle de tunnel (3),
    un dispositif d'aspiration (5) permettant d'aspirer l'air présentant les salissures détachées,
    un système de filtres (6) disposé après le dispositif d'aspiration (5) permettant le nettoyage de l'air sale, et
    un dispositif d'aspiration vers l'extérieur (7) disposé après le système de filtres (6) permettant d'expulser l'air nettoyé dans le tunnel,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif d'aspiration (5) est conçu sous forme d'une hotte vortex (8).
  2. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'aspiration (5) présente deux hottes vortex (8A, 8B) posées perpendiculairement l'une par rapport à l'autre en ce qui concerne leur direction d'aspiration.
  3. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les hottes vortex (8A, 8B) présentent respectivement un élément de détection (9A, 9B) muni d'au moins deux buses d'aspiration (11) et une paroi de guidage (10A, 10B) menant jusqu'à l'élément de détection.
  4. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les buses d'aspiration (11) sont disposées à distance l'une de l'autre dans la direction longitudinale des éléments de détection (9A, 9B).
  5. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de détection (9A, 9B) des hottes vortex (8A, 8B) présentent respectivement une paroi en forme de secteur angulaire en section transversale qui dépasse sur un côté dans la paroi de guidage (10A, 10B).
  6. Véhicule (1) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les parois de guidage (10A, 10B) des hottes vortex (8A, 8B) s'étendent de telle manière qu'elles dépassent également davantage vers l'extérieur avec une distance plus grande par rapport à l'élément de détection (9A, 9B) respectif.
  7. Véhicule (1) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la largeur de la hotte vortex (B) devient plus petite avec une distance supérieure par rapport à l'élément de détection (9A, 9B) respectif.
  8. Véhicule (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de soufflage (4) présente plusieurs buses de soufflage (12) et/ou une fente de soufflage.
  9. Véhicule (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'aspiration vers l'extérieur (7) présente plusieurs ventilateurs (13).
  10. Véhicule (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de soufflage (4), le dispositif d'aspiration (5) et le dispositif d'aspiration vers l'extérieur (7) sont disposés sur le véhicule (1) présentant un boitier extérieur (14) avec le boitier extérieur (14) à la fin.
  11. Véhicule (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le véhicule (1) comprend des conduites de gaz propre (15) pour le transport de l'air nettoyé et des conduites de gaz brut (16) pour le transport de l'air sale, où les conduites de gaz propre (15) sont disposées au-dessus des conduites de gaz brut (16).
  12. Véhicule (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le véhicule (1) présente un entraînement propre ou peut être accouplé à un autre véhicule présentant un entraînement, où l'entrainement est de préférence un entraînement au diesel et/ou électrique.
EP21180690.6A 2021-06-21 2021-06-21 Véhicule de nettoyage des tunnels Active EP4108834B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21180690.6A EP4108834B1 (fr) 2021-06-21 2021-06-21 Véhicule de nettoyage des tunnels

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21180690.6A EP4108834B1 (fr) 2021-06-21 2021-06-21 Véhicule de nettoyage des tunnels

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EP4108834A1 EP4108834A1 (fr) 2022-12-28
EP4108834B1 true EP4108834B1 (fr) 2024-04-03
EP4108834C0 EP4108834C0 (fr) 2024-04-03

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8913287U1 (de) * 1989-09-16 1990-01-11 Hermann Wiebe Grundstuecks- Und Maschinenanlagen Kg, 2800 Bremen Schienenfahrzeug mit Reinigungseinrichtung
FI20011073A (fi) * 2001-05-22 2002-11-23 Patria Vammas Oy Imusuulakelaite
EP2305892A3 (fr) * 2008-12-30 2012-10-31 Rodinia Technologies Ltd. Procédé et dispositif de nettoyage de superestructure de voie et de parois de tunnel
DE102019100301A1 (de) 2019-01-08 2020-07-09 Cft Gmbh Compact Filter Technic Tunnelreinigungszug

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EP4108834C0 (fr) 2024-04-03

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