EP4096543A1 - Aufrichtvorrichtung, einführeinrichtung mit einer aufrichtvorrichtung und verfahren zum aufrichten und stabilisieren der wirbelsäule - Google Patents
Aufrichtvorrichtung, einführeinrichtung mit einer aufrichtvorrichtung und verfahren zum aufrichten und stabilisieren der wirbelsäuleInfo
- Publication number
- EP4096543A1 EP4096543A1 EP21704192.0A EP21704192A EP4096543A1 EP 4096543 A1 EP4096543 A1 EP 4096543A1 EP 21704192 A EP21704192 A EP 21704192A EP 4096543 A1 EP4096543 A1 EP 4096543A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sections
- erecting device
- expansion
- cannula
- support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 14
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2002/4495—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs having a fabric structure, e.g. made from wires or fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4625—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4625—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
- A61F2002/4627—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about the instrument axis or the implantation direction, e.g. telescopic, along a guiding rod, screwing inside the instrument
Definitions
- the invention relates to an erecting device for erecting and stabilizing the spinal column, in particular for stabilizing broken vertebral bodies or bruised intervertebral discs, which can be arranged in an insertion position in a vertebral body fractured under compression or between adjacent vertebral bodies and there can be converted from the insertion position into an expansion position by means of an expansion device.
- Erecting devices are known from the prior art, which are used to straighten and stabilize broken vertebral bodies.
- Such devices may include a catheter that extends into the vertebral cavity through a channel drilled in the pedicle of the fractured vertebra is insertable. It is also known to guide a pressure balloon through the catheter into the interior of the vertebra, which balloon can be expanded via a pressure line, whereby a vertebral body compressed or possibly broken by compression can be expanded again and returned to its original shape. It is also known to remove the pressure balloon after erecting the vertebral body and to fill the cavity created by the pressure balloon with solidifying bone filling material.
- the US patent US 2016/0302942 A1 describes an erecting device which has the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the support body shown there has a central section and an upper and lower bone contact structure, the central section being displaced axially in order to displace the support body into the expansion position, as a result of which the bone contact structures are displaced upwards and downwards.
- the longitudinal extension of the support body remains unchanged during the erection process.
- an implant which has a support body with layer surfaces which are held in an expanded position by means of pairs of supports. Furthermore, a proximal and a distal end section are provided, the pairs of supports being assigned to the end sections and the end sections being moved towards one another when they are shifted into the expanded position.
- the individual supports of the pairs of supports each have a first engagement element and a second engagement element, the engagement elements of the supports of the support pairs engaging with one another.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing an erecting device and an insertion device with an erecting device with which a safe expansion of the support body is ensured.
- both the support sections and the carrier sections are displaced radially outward relative to one another, with the latching sections being securely latched with the counter-latching sections due to the relative movement.
- a cavity is created in the central area of the support body, that is to say in the area of the central longitudinal axis.
- a pressure balloon can unfold in the cavity in order to expand the supporting body and, on the other hand, the cavity can be filled with bone cement after the pressure balloon has been removed.
- the carrier sections and / or the support sections are preferably designed at least in sections as elastically flexible webs or bands or web-like or band-like, in particular at least in the sections or areas in which they act against one another.
- carrier sections and support sections are provided, the individual carrier sections and support sections each being symmetrical to the longitudinal axis.
- This has the advantage that there is no need to pay attention to the top, bottom, right or left when inserting the erecting device. Due to the latching fixation, it can be achieved that not only in the expansion position but also during the expansion of the support body, the support sections act directly against the inside of the support sections and support the support sections in a stabilizing manner, so that they can be used after the expansion has ended or after the expansion device has been switched off , and especially when using pressure balloons after removing the pressure balloons, maintain their expansion position in a stable manner.
- the latching fixation forms in particular a type of freewheel locking mechanism, which means that although the carrier sections can be moved into the expansion position, i.e. in the freewheeling direction, a return movement of the carrier sections into the insertion position is blocked due to the latching.
- the support sections have latching sections and that the carrier sections have counter-latching sections, so that the latching sections act against the counter-latching sections for the latching fixation of the carrier sections.
- an at least largely form-fitting interaction of locking sections and counter-locking sections can be achieved, the arrangement preferably being such that, upon further expansion, the support sections or their locking sections interact with the counter-locking sections in such a way that secure support is provided during the entire expansion process of the support body the latching is achieved and a movement of the carrier sections back in the direction of the insertion position is blocked.
- the individual latching sections and / or counter-latching sections can be designed as a plurality of latching elements lying one behind the other and / or next to one another being.
- locking webs, openings, recesses, impressions, corrugations, projections, pawls, teeth and / or saw teeth come into consideration as locking element parts.
- a freewheel lock can be implemented in an advantageous manner.
- friction sections and counter-friction sections are also meant.
- the friction sections and / or counter-friction sections can in particular provide a correspondingly rough surface or a friction lining with a suitable grain size or coating.
- the carrier sections are arranged radially on the outside and the support sections are arranged radially on the inside.
- the carrier sections can consequently cover the support sections, in particular in the insertion position. It is advantageous here if the latching sections are provided on the radially outer side of the support sections and / or if the counter-latching sections are provided on the radially inner side of the carrier sections.
- the support sections and also the support sections are preferably designed to be elastically resilient in such a way that they move radially outwards at least in sections when shifting into the expanded position and the mutually facing sides of the support sections and support sections can interact with each other for locking fixation.
- the support sections are provided on the respective end sections, or are molded onto them or are connected to them. This allows them to have a defined position occupy, so that they can safely dissipate forces acting on the carrier sections in the expanded position into the support body via the end sections.
- a structure is provided between the carrier sections and the end sections which shortens the distance between the carrier sections and the end sections when moving into the expanded position.
- the shortening can be brought about or increased by the relative movement between the carrier sections and the support sections.
- the locking of the respective locking sections with the respective counter-locking sections follows from the relative movement.
- the structure can be formed, for example, from an expanded mesh or support mesh.
- the structure is formed by connecting webs extending in the axial direction between the individual carrier sections and the respective end section, in particular in the insertion position.
- two connecting webs extending in the axial direction in the insertion position can be provided between each carrier section, which is in particular also designed like a web, and the respective end section.
- the connecting webs then lie next to one another in a circular path lying about a longitudinal axis.
- the connecting webs serve in particular to guide the carrier sections when they are moved into the expanded position. Due to the comparatively filigree design of the connecting webs, the connecting webs in particular do not serve to support the carrier sections; for this are the Support sections, which act against the inside of the carrier sections, are provided.
- the connecting webs of adjacent carrier sections are connected to one another, in particular at connection points, or that adjacent carrier sections provide at least partially common connecting webs.
- the connecting webs can be spread apart, thereby shortening the distance between the carrier sections and the end sections and thus causing a relative movement between the carrier sections and the support sections.
- the locking of the respective locking sections with the respective counter-locking sections ultimately follows from the relative movement.
- the support sections each have at least two partial support sections with latching sections and that an intermediate section is provided between the partial support sections, which is not expanded radially outwardly or less than the partial support sections when transferred into the expansion position.
- An intermediate section is advantageously provided centrally between the two end sections.
- two or more intermediate sections are provided. The provision of such an intermediate portion helps that a Relative movement takes place between the carrier sections and the support sections during expansion.
- the at least one intermediate section can be formed by a sleeve or a ring which does not noticeably deform when it is moved into the expanded position.
- the design with an intermediate section as a sleeve or ring also has the advantage that, in the expanded position, forces acting on the carrier sections perpendicular to the central axis can be advantageously derived via the support sections, which then enclose comparatively small angles with a plane perpendicular to the central axis. It is also conceivable that the intermediate section is formed by expanded mesh or support mesh.
- the intermediate section is preferably formed from connecting webs, with at least two connecting webs extending axially in the insertion position being provided on the respective partial support sections, and wherein the connecting webs of adjacent partial support sections are connected to one another, in particular via connection points, or where adjacent partial support sections are at least partially common connecting webs provide.
- the connecting webs then lie next to one another, in particular in the insertion position, in a circular path lying about a longitudinal axis. When shifting into the expanded position, the connecting webs can thereby be spread apart, whereby overall a shortening of the distance between the partial support sections is achieved and thus an additional relative movement between the carrier sections and the support sections is brought about.
- the locking of the respective locking sections with the respective counter-locking sections ultimately follows from the relative movement.
- Another embodiment provides that the carrier sections are connected to the support sections at the proximal and distal end sections. Overall, this results in a simple structure.
- the support body has a two-layer structure which is concentric around a longitudinal axis in the insertion position, the inner part being formed by the support sections and the end sections, and the outer part being formed by the carrier sections and, in particular, also by the structure.
- the support sections are arranged to run essentially parallel in the axial direction to the support sections and that the support sections at least largely enclose the support sections.
- Such a structure can be made comparatively slim and is therefore suitable for the erecting device in the insertion position to be relocated to the intended expansion point in the body by means of an insertion catheter in a space-saving manner.
- inflatable pressure balloons can be placed in such a way that the respective pressure balloon dilates for transfer into the expansion position and that the carrier sections in the radial direction when the respective pressure balloon is dilated are moved and at the same time the support sections for fixing the carrier sections act latching against the carrier sections.
- the provision of several pressure balloons, in particular one behind the other along the axial direction can be arranged has the advantage that they can preferably be dilated independently of one another, so that a functionally reliable and reproducible expansion and thus widening of the space in the respective vertebral body or between the vertebral bodies can be achieved.
- the pressure balloons can advantageously be removed after the expansion position has been reached and the interior of the expanded support body can be filled with solidifying bone filling material. Due to the latching fixation of the support sections, the pressure balloons can consequently be removed without the support body and the cavity created by the support body being pressed together or compressed again. Forces can be safely absorbed via the expanded support body and the cavity created by the support body is retained, so that in particular solidifying filler material can be introduced into the cavity.
- the erecting device is preferably designed as an implant and remains in the body.
- the proximal and / or the distal end section has a through hole with an internal thread for screwing in a fixing screw after the expansion position has been reached.
- the expansion position can consequently be secured with the fixing screw.
- the securing can take place until the cavity created by the support body is filled with filler material.
- the expansion layer is permanently secured with the fixing screw, in which case the cavity does not need to be filled with filler material.
- a mesh or honeycomb structure is provided between the end sections and the respective intermediate section and / or between the adjacent intermediate sections.
- a fillable pressure balloon can then in particular be placed within the respective net or honeycomb structure.
- the net or honeycomb structure produces, in particular, a homogeneous and stable overall surface, as a result of which the erecting device can be made more stable overall.
- the implant can have a positive effect on the environment and not lead to partial trauma.
- the erecting device can be made of titanium, stainless steel, CoCr or similar implant materials. It is also conceivable that different materials are used. A combination of different materials with different manufacturing processes is also possible. In particular, it is conceivable that the device, or parts thereof, are manufactured by means of additive manufacturing processes, as a result of which in particular the carrier sections and the support sections can be made partially reinforced.
- an insertion device with an insertion cannula and an erecting device according to the invention provided in or on the free end of the insertion cannula, which can be inserted into a vertebral body fractured under compression or between adjacent vertebral bodies
- the support body is filled with filler material or the fixing screw is screwed in.
- the expansion device, and preferably one or more inflatable pressure balloons, can consequently be actuated via the insertion cannula, whereby the erecting device or the Support body can be displaced from the insertion position into the expansion position.
- the insertion device or the pressure balloons can be removed from the erecting device via the insertion cannula and the cavity created by the support body can be filled with filler material or the fixing screw inserted.
- the insertion device is designed in such a way that the diameter of the insertion cannula at least largely corresponds to the diameter of the erecting device in the insertion position.
- Such an insertion device can be brought, for example, through an insertion catheter to the expansion site where the respective vertebral body or bodies are to be erected.
- a displaceable inner cannula is provided on the inner wall of the insertion cannula, which is coupled to the erecting device in such a way that the erecting device detaches from the insertion cannula by moving the inner cannula in the distal direction.
- the erecting device can thus be uncoupled from the outer cannula via the inner cannula.
- the decoupling is particularly advantageous before the pressure balloons are dilated, since when the pressure balloons are dilated, the erecting device expands in the radial direction and at the same time its length is reduced in the axial direction. Due to the decoupling of the erecting device and the outer cannula, the erecting device can expand freely.
- the insertion device advantageously comprises a stylet with a cutting tip, which can be passed through the insertion cannula and through the erecting device, and its cutting tip in one Infeed configuration the distal end of the
- Forms insertion device so that the erecting device can be introduced directly into a vertebral body for erecting the respective vertebral body, or between adjacent vertebral bodies, that is to say for erecting an intervertebral disc present between the respective vertebral bodies.
- This embodiment has the advantage that the insertion device, and in particular the
- Erecting device does not have to be brought to the intended location by an insertion catheter, but can be moved directly through the corresponding tissue to the intended expansion location without the interposition of such an insertion catheter. An insertion catheter is therefore not required.
- an actuating device is provided at the proximal end of the insertion device with which the inner cannula can be displaced in the distal direction for releasing the erecting device and / or with which the inner cannula can be inserted into or removed from the insertion cannula, and / or with which the stylet can be inserted into or removed from the inner cannula, and / or with which the erecting device can be brought to the corresponding expansion point in the body.
- the object mentioned at the beginning is also achieved by a method for straightening and stabilizing the spine, in particular for stabilizing broken vertebral bodies or bruised intervertebral discs, with an insertion catheter according to the invention, the straightening device being inserted in the insertion position into a vertebral body or between the vertebral bodies at the expansion point and there the Erecting device is transferred from the insertion position into the expansion position.
- the method can in particular provide that before the expansion of the erecting device, access is created to the expansion point in the body, through which access the erecting device is fed to the expansion point.
- Access can be created as follows:
- the drilling cannula comprising a cannula and a drill detachable from the cannula, and drilling open the vertebral body at the expansion site,
- the cannula has an inside diameter that is so large that the erecting device can be inserted through the access formed by the cannula to the expansion point.
- the insertion device has a stylet with a cutting tip
- the righting device can also be inserted directly into a vertebral body or between adjacent vertebral bodies at the expansion point.
- the method can further provide that before the insertion of the erecting device into the access, at least one pressure balloon is introduced through the cannula to the expansion site and is dilated to widen the expansion site and to create a cavity.
- the method further provides, in particular, that after the expansion point has been widened and the at least one pressure balloon has been removed, the erecting device is introduced through the access to the expansion point.
- the method also provides that after the insertion of the erecting device at the expansion point to transfer the erecting device into the expansion position, pressure balloons placed in the erecting device are dilated, and that the pressure balloons are removed after the expansion device has reached the expansion position.
- the Erecting device is withdrawn in the proximal direction and the pressure balloons are introduced into the cavity created in the distal direction behind the erecting device and are dilated to create a cavity and that either the cavity is filled with filling material immediately after the pressure balloons have been removed or the erecting device is introduced into the cavity and there is expansion.
- the procedure can be such that the cavity is filled directly with bone filling material or bone cement without the erecting device being introduced into the cavity and expanded there.
- Such a procedure has the advantage that the spine can be straightened and straightened without the straightening device remaining in the body. If, however, the cavity does not prove to be sufficiently stable, the erecting device can be introduced into the cavity by pushing it distally and expanded there before bone filling material is introduced into the vertebra through the insertion cannula or between the vertebral bodies.
- the erecting device is detached from the insertion cannula before the pressure balloons are dilated, in particular in order to enable the erecting device to expand undisturbed.
- the introduction device is introduced into a vertebral body or between vertebral bodies in the introduction configuration, that is to say with a stylet provided in the inner cannula which has the cutting tip at its distal end. Accordingly, the introduction through an insertion catheter can be omitted, since the Introducer is inserted directly into the body using the stylet.
- FIG. 1 shows a first erecting device in the expanded position
- FIG. 1 a an enlarged longitudinal section of the detail 1 a from FIG. 1;
- Figure lb the inner part of the erecting device according to FIG.
- FIG. 2 shows the erecting device according to FIG. 1 in the insertion position
- FIG. 3a shows the erecting device according to FIG. 1 in the insertion position in a side view
- FIG. 3b shows a longitudinal section through the erecting device according to FIG. 3a;
- FIG. 4a shows a further erecting device in the insertion position in a side view
- FIG. 4b shows a longitudinal section through the erecting device according to FIG. 4a;
- Figure 5a shows another embodiment of a
- FIG. 5b shows the inner part of the erecting device according to FIG. 5a
- Figure 6 shows another embodiment of a
- FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section through the erecting device according to FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 shows the device according to FIGS. 6 and 7 in the expanded position
- FIG. 9 shows detail IX in FIG. 8 in an enlarged representation in longitudinal section
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an insertion device
- FIG. 11 shows the plan view of the insertion device according to FIG. 10
- FIG. 12 shows the longitudinal section through the insertion device according to FIG. 11 along the line XII;
- FIG. 13 shows an enlargement of section XIII in FIG. 12
- FIG. 14 shows the insertion device according to FIGS. 10 to 12 with the stylet withdrawn
- FIG. 15 shows the insertion device according to FIGS. 10 to 12 without stylets
- FIG. 16 shows the insertion device according to FIG. 15 with the erecting device released
- FIG. 17 shows the insertion device according to FIG. 16 without an inner cannula
- FIG. 18 shows the side view of a further insertion device
- FIG. 19 shows the top view of the insertion device according to FIG. 18
- FIG. 20 shows a longitudinal section through the insertion device according to FIG. 18 along the line XX;
- FIG. 21 shows an enlargement of section XXI in FIG. 20
- FIG. 22 shows an enlargement of section XXII in FIG. 20
- FIG. 23 shows a perspective view of the actuating device from FIG. 22;
- FIG. 24 shows a perspective view of the actuating device from FIG. 23, partially dismantled
- FIG. 25 shows a schematic representation of the introduction of the erecting device to the expansion point.
- FIG. 1 shows an erecting device 16 for erecting and stabilizing the spinal column, in particular for stabilizing and erecting broken vertebral bodies or bruised intervertebral discs.
- the erecting device 16 has a support body 18 which, in an insertion position as shown in FIG. 2, can be introduced directly or through a catheter into a vertebral body fractured under compression or into the area of an intervertebral disc between adjacent vertebral bodies. To straighten the broken vertebral bodies or a bruised spine or bruised intervertebral discs, the straightening device 16 can be transferred from the insertion position shown in FIG. 2 into the expansion position shown in FIG.
- pressure balloons 20 which can be filled and which are indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1 can be provided within the support body 18.
- the support body 18 has two ring-like or sleeve-like end sections 22 and 24, which are moved towards one another along the longitudinal axis 27 when the support body 18 is transferred into the expanded position.
- the end section 22 is the distal end section and the end section 24 is the proximal end section, on which an insertion cannula 14 of an insertion device 10 shown in FIG. 10 can be arranged.
- the support body 18 shown has a total of six support sections 26 running in the axial direction between the end sections 22 and 24.
- the carrier sections 26 are web-like or band-like and elastic, so that they curve radially outward when they are shifted into the expanded position. Instead of 6 carrier sections 26, 3, 4, 5, 7 or more carrier sections 26 can also be provided.
- the counter-latching sections 28 are designed as a plurality of immediately adjacent latching webs which run transversely to the longitudinal axis 27 and which are introduced into the carrier sections 26.
- the counter-latching sections 28 can, however, also be designed as rectangular recesses, impressions, corrugations, saw teeth, pawls or the like.
- the support body 18 also includes radially inner, elastically deformable support sections 30 which move radially outward when the pressure balloons 20 expand and with their radially outer outer sides against the radially inner inner sides of the carrier sections 26 be pushed.
- the support sections 30 have on their radially outer side, which faces the support sections 26, tooth-like latching sections 32 which, in the expansion position shown in FIG Carrier sections 26 latching in the expanded position fix, whereby the support body 18 is stabilized as a whole.
- the latching sections 32 slide along the counter-latching sections 28, the latching being such that secure latching is ensured in every expansion position. If the pressure balloon 20 is further dilated and the support body 18 expands further as a result, a further relative movement takes place between the carrier sections 26 and the support sections 30, which is indicated by the arrows 24 in FIG. As a result, a secure latching can be ensured in every stage of the expansion of the support body 18.
- the carrier sections 26 are consequently securely fixed in their respective expanded position by the support sections 30 latching onto the carrier sections 26.
- the erecting device 16 shown in FIG. 1 or its support body 18 is designed in two layers, the inner part 50 being shown in FIG. 1b and the outer part 52 being shown in FIG.
- the inner, one-piece inner part 50 is, as is clear from FIG. which, like the end sections 22.1 and 24.1, is not expanded when it is transferred into the expansion position.
- the intermediate section 36 consequently divides the individual support sections 30 into two sub-support sections 30.1 and 30.2 each, which each have a latching section 32 in the central area.
- the pressure balloons 20 are each placed and expanded between an end section 22.1 and 24.1 and the intermediate section 36.
- the provision of the intermediate section 36 contributes to the fact that a relative movement takes place between the carrier sections 26 and the support sections 30 during expansion, the latching sections 32 are correspondingly displaced outward in the radial direction and the end sections 22.1 and 24.1 move towards one another.
- the outer, also integrally formed outer part 52 is, as is clear from FIG .
- the structure 53 is designed differently, for example in the manner of stretched or support lattice.
- connection points 55 By providing the connection points 55, as is clear from FIG. 1 and FIG a relative movement between the carrier sections 26 and the support sections 30 is supported. The relative movement ultimately results in the progressive locking of the respective locking sections 28 with the respective counter-locking sections 32 during the expansion.
- the distance A has the greatest value in the insertion position, as shown for example in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3A. In the expansion position, as shown for example in FIG. 1 or FIG. 1c, the distance A has the minimum value. As can be seen in particular from FIG.
- the force deflection is advantageous because the angle between a plane Ei running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 27 and the partial support sections 30.1, 30.2 adjoining the intermediate section 36 is an acute angle, which in the expansion position is preferably 30-60 ° and more preferably approx 45 °.
- the angles ⁇ between the planes E 2 running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 27 and the partial support sections 30.1, 30.2 adjoining the end sections 22, 24 are designed as acute angles, the value of which essentially corresponds to the value of the angle. Overall, this results in a high level of stability for the erecting device 16.
- a fixing screw 90 is shown, which can be inserted after reaching the expansion position in order to secure the expansion position.
- the cavity created by the support body 18 can then be filled with filler material.
- the expansion position is permanently secured with the fixing screw 90, whereby filling the cavity with filler material can be dispensed with.
- the fixing screw 90 can provide an external thread 92 and the internal part 50 and / or the external part 52 can provide a complementary internal thread 94.1 / 94.2 at its respective end section 22, 24, as shown, for example, in FIG. 3b or FIG. 4b.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b - which essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG.
- the inner part 50 and the outer part 52 are manufactured in one piece.
- the end section 22.1 of the inner part 50 is molded onto the end section 22.2 of the outer part 52 in the area 100.
- the greatest relative movement between the inner part 50 and the outer part 52 when shifting into the expansion position takes place in the area of the end section 24.
- the internal threads 94.1 and 94.2 can also be clearly seen, into which the fixing screw 90 can be screwed.
- latching sections 28 in the insertion position are essentially located in recesses 102 which are each delimited by two adjacent connecting webs 54.
- FIGS. 4a and 4b show a further embodiment of an erecting device 16 in which, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIGS. 3a and 3b, the outer part 52 is designed as a separate component from the inner part 50.
- the outer part 50 is arranged in the region of its end sections 22.2 and 24.2 on the end sections 22.1 and 24.1 of the inner part 50 so as to be axially displaceable to a limited extent. When shifting into the expansion position, internal stresses between the inner part 50 and the outer part 52 can thereby be reduced.
- Internal thread 94.1 is provided for the fixing screw 90 in the end section 24 of the outer part 52.
- the design of the carrier sections 26 with the connecting webs 54 and the connecting points 55 essentially corresponds to the design as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. When shifting into the expansion position, the connecting webs 54 are spread apart at the connecting points 55.
- the support sections 30 each have at least two partial support sections 30.1 and 30.2, which each provide latching sections 32. Between the partial support sections 30.1 and 30.1 is a
- Intermediate section 106 is provided which, when transferred into the expansion position, is expanded radially outward less than the partial support sections 30.1 and 30.1.
- the intermediate section 106 is formed by connecting webs 154, two connecting webs 154 each extending in the axial direction in the insertion position being provided on each partial support section 30.1 and 30.2, and the connecting webs 154 of adjacent partial support sections being connected to one another via connection points 155 are connected.
- the connecting webs 154 lie next to one another in a circular path lying about a longitudinal axis 27. It is also conceivable that the intermediate section 106 is designed differently and in particular like a support or expanded grid.
- the connecting webs 154 can be spread apart, whereby an overall shortening of the distance between the
- Partial support sections 30.1 and 30.2 is reached and thus a relative movement between the carrier sections 26 and the support sections 30 is supported during the movement into the expanded position.
- the locking of the respective locking sections 32 with the respective counter locking sections 28 ultimately follows from the relative movement.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 show a further erecting device 16 for erecting and stabilizing the spine, the structure essentially corresponding to the structure of the erecting device 16 according to FIG. 1, with corresponding components bearing corresponding reference numerals.
- the erecting device 16 comprises a sleeve-like inner part 50 and an outer part 52 which is also sleeve-like and which surrounds the inner part 50.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show an insertion position of the erecting device 16 in which the erecting device 16 can be arranged in a vertebral body fractured under compression or between adjacent vertebral bodies and there can be transferred from the insertion position into an expansion position by means of an expansion device.
- a support body 18 with a distal and a proximal end section 22, 24 is provided, the end sections 22, 24 being movable towards one another when they are moved into the expanded position.
- the support body 18, or its integrally formed outer part 52 has carrier sections 26 lying radially on the outside and two connecting webs 54 between its end sections 22.1, 24.1 and the carrier sections 26.
- the carrier sections 26 are designed in such a way that they move radially outward when shifting into the expansion position and act against the vertebral bodies.
- the erecting device 16 according to FIGS. 6-8 does not provide a structure that narrows the distance between the end sections 22, 24 and the carrier sections 26.
- the support body 18 or its one-piece inner part 50 has - as is particularly clear from FIG. 7 - between its end sections 22.2, 24.2 radially inner support sections 30 which - corresponding to the design according to FIG. 1 - each have two partial support sections 30.1, 30.2 with latching sections 32, with between the respective
- an intermediate section 36 embodied in the manner of a ring is provided.
- the carrier sections 26 have counter-locking sections 28 on their radially inner inner sides facing the support sections 30, so that when shifting into the expansion position, the locking sections 32 move relative to the counter-locking sections 28 and act against the counter-locking sections 28 so that they the carrier sections 26 lock in place.
- FIG. 8 which shows the expanded position of the support body 18, the connecting webs 54 are connected at one end to the distal and proximal, ring-like end sections 22.1 and 24.1 of the outer part 52 and at the other end to the carrier sections 24.
- the connecting webs 54 thereby form intended bending points, which deform in a flexurally elastic manner when they are shifted into the expanded position.
- the support sections 26 in the axial direction in the area between the connecting webs 54 - in contrast to the connecting webs 54 - are designed to be comparatively stable with a comparatively large outer side 64, which overall leads to a comparatively high level of stability.
- the outer part 52 is furthermore arranged axially displaceably on the inner part 50 with its end sections 22.1 and 24.1, at least to a limited extent. In particular when shifting into the expansion position, the carrier sections 26 move radially outward, whereby the distance between the end sections 22.1 and 24.1 and thus the entire length of the outer part 52 can be shortened.
- the inner part 50 and the outer part 52 are each provided as one-piece, separately formed parts.
- the inner part 50 has at its proximal end 58 a coupling section 60 with which the
- Erecting device 16 can be releasably arranged at the distal end of an insertion cannula 14, as shown in FIG. 10.
- the inner part 50 encloses a cavity 62 which extends in the axial direction and in which the erecting device 16 is displaced into the expanded position Pressure balloons 20, as indicated in FIG. 1, can be introduced and dilated.
- FIG. 9 which shows the enlarged detail IX in FIG. 8 in a sectional view
- latching sections 32 can be seen, which interact with mating latching sections 28 which are located on those facing the support sections 30 , radially inner inner sides of the carrier sections 26 are provided.
- the latching sections 32 are designed as singular saw teeth, each of which interacts with a counter latching section 28 having a plurality of saw teeth in the manner of a freewheel locking mechanism.
- the individual carrier sections 26 and individual support sections 30 are each designed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 27.
- FIGS. 10 to 12 An insertion device 10 is shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 which has an erecting device 16 at the distal end and an actuating device 66 at the proximal end.
- the procedure for straightening and stabilizing the spine is as follows:
- the insertion device 10 as shown in FIG. 10, or its erecting device 16, as shown for example in FIGS placed catheter in a vertebral body or between the vertebral bodies to be erected.
- the insertion device 10 it is also conceivable for the insertion device 10 to be inserted directly, that is to say without the provision of an insertion catheter, into or between the vertebral bodies is introduced.
- the pressure balloon or balloons 20 placed one behind the other within the support body 18 in the axial direction are acted upon with a fluid so that the support body 18 or the carrier sections 26 are transferred from the insertion position into the expansion position.
- pressure balloons 20 can preferably be acted upon independently of one another, so that an optimal alignment of the vertebral body or the vertebral bodies is ensured.
- the pressure balloon or balloons 20 are removed via or by means of the insertion cannula 14.
- the support body 18 retains its expansion position due to the latching fixation of the carrier sections 26 even during and after the removal of the pressure balloons 20.
- solidifying bone filling material for permanent stabilization can be introduced into the cavity created by the support body 18 via the insertion cannula 14 in particular.
- the insertion cannula 14 can then be detached from the erecting device 16 and removed from the body, the erecting device 16 then remaining in the body as an implant.
- a fixing screw 90 as shown in FIG. 1b, can be introduced to stabilize the support body 18.
- the insertion device 10 assumes an insertion configuration in which it can be inserted into a vertebral body or between two vertebral bodies.
- the actuation device 66 comprises three actuation sections 68, 70 and 72.
- the actuation section 68 is arranged fixedly on the insertion cannula 14, so that the insertion cannula 14 can be rotated via the actuation section 68 and moved in the axial direction.
- a displaceable inner cannula 74 is provided on the inner wall of the insertion cannula 14.
- the proximal end of the inner cannula 74 is coupled in terms of movement to the actuation section 70.
- the distal end 76 of the inner cannula 74 adjoins the proximal end 58 of the inner part 50 or the coupling section 60.
- the cannula 14 has a distal end 78 which surrounds the proximal end 58 of the inner part 50 of the erecting device 16.4 or its coupling section 60.
- the diameter of the inner cannula 74 corresponds to the diameter of the coupling section 60 and the diameter of the distal end 78 of the insertion cannula 14 corresponds to the diameter of the proximal end section 24.2 of the outer part 52.
- the insertion device 10 shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 comprises a stylet 80, which can be clearly seen in section in FIGS. 12 and 13, the proximal end of which is firmly connected to the actuating section 72.
- the stylet 80 extends through the inner cannula 74 and through the cavity 62 formed by the erecting device 16.
- the distal end of the stylet 80 provides a cutting tip 82 with which the insertion device 10, or its distal end, enters the body at the expansion site can be guided where ultimately the erecting device 16 is to be used.
- Such training has the The advantage that no separate insertion catheter - which can also have advantages - is required for inserting the erecting device 16.
- the stylets 80, the inner cannula 74 and the insertion cannula 14 can consequently be actuated independently of one another via the actuating device 66 or its three actuating sections 68, 70, 72.
- the following procedure can be used to introduce the straightening device 16 into a vertebral body or between two vertebral bodies:
- the insertion device 10 occupies between two vertebral bodies.
- the actuating section 72 can be rotated by approximately 90 ° in particular with respect to the actuating sections 68 and 70 in order to release the axial movement coupling between the stylet 80 and the insertion cannula 14.
- the actuation section 72 in the position shown in FIG. 10 and in FIG. 12, the actuation section 72 has an engagement section 84 which engages behind a holding section 86, which is provided on the actuation section 68.
- the grip section 84 moves out of the area of the holding section 86, so that it can be removed in the proximal direction, as shown in FIG. 14, together with the stylet 80.
- corresponding instruments can be fed through the inner cannula 74 to the distal end of the insertion cannula 14 or the erecting device 16.
- These instruments can be, for example, biopsy devices to take tissue samples, or endoscopes or video endoscopes.
- pressure balloons 20 are brought into the cavity 62 of the erecting device 16 through the inner cannula 74 in a next step.
- the insertion cannula 14 can comprise or form a line via which the pressure balloons 20 can be brought into the erecting device 16 and filled with a pressure fluid so that the erecting device 16 or the support body 18 can assume the expanded position.
- the pressure balloons 20 can also be removed through the insertion cannula 14 and solidifying filler material can be introduced into the expanded support body 18.
- the actuation section 70 is rotated by an angle of in particular approximately 90 ° with respect to the actuation section 68, as a result of which the inner cannula 74 is moved relative to the insertion cannula 14 in the distal direction.
- the actuation section 70 is coupled and positively guided with the actuation section 68 in such a way that when the actuation section 70 is rotated, the actuation section 70 is moved in the distal direction with respect to the actuation section 68, whereby the inner cannula 74 is ultimately also displaced in the distal direction. Because of this distal displacement, during which the distal end 76 of the inner cannula 74, as shown in FIG.
- the coupling section 60 is pushed out of the distal end 78 of the insertion cannula 14 in the distal direction.
- the erecting device 16 can ultimately detach itself from the insertion cannula 14 or from the inner cannula 74, as can be seen in FIG.
- the pressurized fluid can then be applied to the pressurized balloons 20, so that the erecting device 16 assumes its expansion position, as shown in FIG. 16.
- the pressure balloons 20 can be removed through the insertion cannula 14 in the proximal direction. Furthermore, the actuation section 70 together with the inner cannula 74 can also be removed in the proximal direction.
- bone filling material or bone cement can be introduced into the cavity 62 formed by the erecting device 16 through the insertion cannula 14.
- the actuation section 68 can be removed together with the insertion cannula 14 in the proximal direction from the body.
- the expansion layer is permanently secured with a fixing screw 90, as shown in FIG. 1b, in which case the cavity does not need to be filled with filler material.
- Erecting device 16 is initially created in the vertebral body or between the vertebral bodies a cavity. Should it turn out that the cavity as such is stable enough, the procedure can be such that the cavity is filled with bone filling material or bone cement directly through the insertion cannula 14 without the erecting device 16 being introduced into the cavity and expanded there. Such a procedure has the advantage that the spine can be straightened and straightened without the straightening device 16 remaining in the body.
- the empathy device 10 can be slightly withdrawn in the proximal direction so that a certain cavity remains in the area where the erection is to take place.
- one or more pressure balloons 20 can be introduced through the outer cannula 14 into the cavity located in the distal direction behind the erecting device 16. Thereafter, the pressure balloons 20 can be dilated, as a result of which the vertebral bodies are erected and a cavity is formed in the vertebral body or between the vertebral bodies.
- the pressure balloons 20 can be removed from the cavity and in the distal direction into the
- Erecting device 16 are withdrawn. If the cavity should turn out to be stable enough, it is possible to dispense with inserting and expanding the erecting device 16 into the cavity; it can be direct
- Bone filling material or bone cement are introduced.
- the erecting device 16 can be introduced into the cavity by distal advancement and expanded there before bone filling material is introduced through the insertion cannula 14 into the vertebra or between the vertebral bodies.
- FIGS. 18 to 24 there is another
- Insertion device 110 is shown, which has an erecting device 16 at the distal end and an actuating device 106 at the proximal end.
- the components corresponding to the insertion device 10 have corresponding reference symbols.
- Erecting device 16 is, in particular, an erecting device 16 shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
- the erecting device 16 with the insertion device 110 is introduced into the body in the same way as it is introduced with the insertion device 10, as described for FIGS. 10-17.
- the actuating device 116 comprises, corresponding to the actuating device 66 of the insertion device 10, an actuating section 68 which is firmly connected to the outer cannula 14, an actuating section 70 which is permanently connected to the inner cannula 74 and a
- Actuating section 72 which is connected to the stylet 80 in a rotationally fixed manner via a hexagon 73.
- the actuating section 70 is designed as an actuatable rotary wheel, so that when the
- the inner cannula 74 is rotated.
- an external thread 75 is provided on the distal end 76 of the inner cannula 74, which cooperates with the internal thread 94.1 provided on the end section 24 of the erecting device 16, as shown for example in FIG. 3b.
- the erecting device 16 can consequently be attached to the inner cannula 74 or to the insertion cannula 14 are attached.
- the rotary wheel of the actuating section 70 can be turned in the other direction, so that the external thread 75 at the distal end 76 is released from the internal thread 94.1 of the erecting device 16.
- an external thread 118 surrounding the cutting tip 82 is provided at the distal end of the stylet 80, which cooperates with the internal thread 94.2 on the distal end section 22 of the erecting device 16, as shown in FIG. 3b.
- the erecting device 16 is consequently screwed to the stylet 80 via the thread 118.
- the erecting device 16 is introduced, it can be introduced into the body together with the stylet 80 via the actuating section 72.
- the erecting device 16 is detached from the inner cannula 74, and thus from the insertion cannula 14, by rotating the actuating section 70.
- the actuating section 72 acts with its active sections 120 against the actuating section 68, as is clear from FIGS.
- the actuating section 72 can be released from the actuating section 68 by turning in the corresponding direction and pulled off axially. Thereafter, as described above with regard to FIGS. 10 to 17, the balloons 20 for expanding the erecting device 16 into the Erecting device 16 are introduced. After the expansion of the erecting device 16, it can be filled with filler and / or permanently secured in the expansion position with a fixing screw 90, as shown in FIG.
- the erecting device can also be introduced into the expansion point by first creating access to the expansion point in accordance with the following steps S1 to S8, as shown in FIG.
- the creation of the access first and then the insertion of the erecting device through the access has advantages in particular when the insertion device does not include a stylet with a cutting tip with which the erecting device can be introduced directly into a vertebral body or between adjacent vertebral bodies.
- the cannula has an inside diameter that is so large that the erecting device can be pushed through by the cannula formed access to the expansion point can be introduced.
- the erecting device before the insertion of the erecting device into the access, at least one pressure balloon is inserted through the cannula to the expansion site and is dilated to widen the expansion site and to create a cavity.
- the erecting device can be introduced through the access to the expansion point according to S6.
- pressure balloons placed in the erecting device can be dilated according to S7 in order to transfer the erecting device into the expansion position
- Pressurized balloons are removed according to S8.
- bone cement can then be introduced through the cannula into the expansion site and the cannula removed.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020102100.3A DE102020102100A1 (de) | 2020-01-29 | 2020-01-29 | Aufrichtvorrichtung, Einführeinrichtung mit einer Aufrichtvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufrichten und Stabilisieren der Wirbelsäule |
DE102020113300.6A DE102020113300A1 (de) | 2020-01-29 | 2020-05-15 | Aufrichtvorrichtung, Einführeinrichtung mit einer Aufrichtvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufrichten und Stabilisieren der Wirbelsäule |
PCT/EP2021/052205 WO2021152148A1 (de) | 2020-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Aufrichtvorrichtung, einführeinrichtung mit einer aufrichtvorrichtung und verfahren zum aufrichten und stabilisieren der wirbelsäule |
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EP4096543A1 true EP4096543A1 (de) | 2022-12-07 |
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EP21704192.0A Pending EP4096543A1 (de) | 2020-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | Aufrichtvorrichtung, einführeinrichtung mit einer aufrichtvorrichtung und verfahren zum aufrichten und stabilisieren der wirbelsäule |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20230165608A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4096543A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020102100A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021152148A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5059193A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-10-22 | Spine-Tech, Inc. | Expandable spinal implant and surgical method |
ATE384477T1 (de) | 1997-03-07 | 2008-02-15 | Disc O Tech Medical Tech Ltd | Systeme zur perkutanen knochen und wirbelstabilisirung,befestigung und reparatur |
JP4584526B2 (ja) | 2000-04-05 | 2010-11-24 | カイフォン・ソシエテ・ア・レスポンサビリテ・リミテ | 骨折した骨および/または病変した骨を処置するためのデバイスおよび方法 |
DE10154163A1 (de) | 2001-11-03 | 2003-05-22 | Advanced Med Tech | Vorrichtung zum Aufrichten und Stabilisieren der Wirbelsäule |
EP2131769B1 (de) * | 2007-03-02 | 2011-04-27 | Spinealign Medical, Inc. | Fraktur-fixationssystem |
EP2441402B1 (de) | 2007-12-28 | 2016-10-26 | Biedermann Technologies GmbH & Co. KG | Implantat zur Stabilisierung von Wirbelkörpern oder Knochen |
US7799056B2 (en) | 2007-12-31 | 2010-09-21 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Bone fusion device and methods |
US8267939B2 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2012-09-18 | Stryker Spine | Tool for implanting expandable intervertebral implant |
WO2010103344A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Vexim | Apparatus for bone restoration of the spine and methods of use |
JP5450899B2 (ja) | 2010-07-15 | 2014-03-26 | スパイン ウェイブ,インコーポレーテッド | 塑性的に変形可能な骨間装置 |
EP2606860B1 (de) | 2011-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | Biedermann Technologies GmbH & Co. KG | Expandierbares Bandscheibenimplantat |
US10342675B2 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2019-07-09 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Expandable implant |
WO2015054057A1 (en) | 2013-10-07 | 2015-04-16 | Spine Wave, Inc. | Expandable anterior lumbar interbody fusion device |
-
2020
- 2020-01-29 DE DE102020102100.3A patent/DE102020102100A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-01-29 WO PCT/EP2021/052205 patent/WO2021152148A1/de unknown
- 2021-01-29 EP EP21704192.0A patent/EP4096543A1/de active Pending
- 2021-01-29 US US17/796,371 patent/US20230165608A1/en active Pending
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WO2021152148A1 (de) | 2021-08-05 |
DE102020102100A1 (de) | 2021-07-29 |
US20230165608A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
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