EP4051872B1 - Pre-bolting - Google Patents

Pre-bolting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4051872B1
EP4051872B1 EP20821437.9A EP20821437A EP4051872B1 EP 4051872 B1 EP4051872 B1 EP 4051872B1 EP 20821437 A EP20821437 A EP 20821437A EP 4051872 B1 EP4051872 B1 EP 4051872B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
modules
crown
rock
anyone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20821437.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4051872C0 (en
EP4051872A1 (en
Inventor
Gunnar STÅLNACKE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Drillpipe AB
Original Assignee
Drillpipe AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Drillpipe AB filed Critical Drillpipe AB
Priority to HRP20231214TT priority Critical patent/HRP20231214T1/hr
Publication of EP4051872A1 publication Critical patent/EP4051872A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4051872C0 publication Critical patent/EP4051872C0/en
Publication of EP4051872B1 publication Critical patent/EP4051872B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0053—Anchoring-bolts in the form of lost drilling rods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
    • E21B1/02—Surface drives for drop hammers or percussion drilling, e.g. with a cable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/042—Threaded
    • E21B17/0426—Threaded with a threaded cylindrical portion, e.g. for percussion rods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0046—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts formed by a plurality of elements arranged longitudinally

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, a drilling module in combination with a drilling crown and use in connection to pre-bolting with top hammer drilling, including automatic drilling with and installation of drilling modules and interconnectable self-drilling drill modules.
  • the invention relates to rock chambers or tunnels in a rock volume reinforced through pre-bolting with a plurality of assemblies consisting of a plurality of drilling module sin combination with a drilling crown.
  • rock of lower mechanical strength In connection with the construction of facilities in rock, such as tunnels or rock chambers, rock of lower mechanical strength must sometimes be bypassed. In order to avoid undesirable collapse of rock and to maintain a desired cavity contour, this rock may need to be reinforced. A common method of reinforcing the rock is pre-bolting.
  • drilling modules In order to pre-bolt rock, for increasing the stability thereof before the removal of rock material, bolts or tubes are used, which have different dimensions and lengths and which are drilled around a contour like a shield with different c/c-measures ( figure 1 ). Drilling modules, herein also referred to as bolts, pre-bolts, tube bolts and rock reinforcement tubes, are drilled into the rock by means of different types of rock drilling machines.
  • the pre-reinforcement system most commonly used today comprises drilling and moulding reinforcement bars of different dimensions (16-32 mm). This system requires that the hole that has been drilled does not collapse before the bolt has been installed.
  • a self-drilling pre-bolt may be installed.
  • a self-drilling bolt is provided with a drilling crown which remains in the hole.
  • Such a bolt is, furthermore, hollow, since water needs to be conducted to the crown for the drilling.
  • an injection packer is mounted in the end of the bolt, and concrete is injected into the bolt.
  • known techniques with self-drilling bolts have deficiencies with respective automation, material properties of drilling modules and the straightness of the drilling holes.
  • tube bolts are preferred.
  • the systems used today comprise steel tubes with dimensions between ⁇ 76 and 140 mm. Drilling and installation is done by means of down the hole rock drills, wherein the tube and the rim remains after removal of the down the hole drill hammer after drilling. In connection to the drilling with larger dimensions, a special drilling equipment is required, but for smaller dimensions, for example ⁇ 76 mm diameter, a rock drill machine with liner tube drilling by means of a top hammer may be used. However, this method is time-requiring.
  • US 2016/0326873 A1 discloses a self-drilling, deformable, segmented hollow rock bolt to be drilled into a rock and fastened by grout supply through the rock bolt, which is provided with hardened cylindrical sleeves to join hollow rock bolt segments and to serve as local anchors for the rock bolt.
  • WO 2004/055326 A1 discloses a method relating to first drilling a hole in a rock, wherein referenced prior art holes diameters are between 20-60 mm, then inserting a hollow chemical rock bolt, typically having a diameter between 20-50 mm, loaded with an internal grout cartridge to be activated by water pressure applied into the rock bolt from an outer end thereof.
  • US 3902561 discloses a rock drilling and rock bolting device provided with a magazine for holding drill rods or rock bolts.
  • the invention provides for the installation of tubular bolts in a safe way in regard to work environment, with a minimum of personnel and time-efficiently, and thereby economically, by using the automatic rod handling ( figure 3 ) which is presented by rock drilling machines with top hammer technology.
  • the tube length is adapted to the feed length of the drill rig, from 18 to 20 feet-feeders, wherein the tubes are loaded in corresponding alternating positions in the normal rod handling system of the machine. This results in an automated, work environment-friendly, time-optimized and thereby economically advantageous installation of the tube bolt.
  • the invention provides a method for reinforcement of a rock volume by means of pre-bolting according to claim 1.
  • a plurality may mean “at least one” herein.
  • top hammer drilling machine 1, 6, 7, 7' is used in a wide sense, more precisely as a collective concept that includes feeding beam 7', beam 7 which carries the feeding beam 7', rod handling device (with its carousel plates) etc., and the drilling machine (including its neck 1), which may be of the type Epiroc COP 3038.
  • the drilling machine is not disclosed in its entirety.
  • the drilling modules are tubular, and, in an assembled state, they form a continuous tube in which both cooling water may be applied and mortar may be injected for the permanent fixation of the rock reinforcement, which finally, as will be realized by the person skilled in the art when reading this disclosure, typically is formed by some drilling modules, preferably riveted together via the threadings of the drilling modules, a drilling crown and hardened mortar.
  • Drilling modules are interconnected by means of threadings, preferably of the type T45, which, in combination with the pressure of the drilling, the rotation and, in particular, the hammering, and in combination with the properties of the chosen steel material of the drilling modules, result in riveting and press fitting.
  • This is advantageous since the drilling energy can be transferred more efficiently between the drilling modules. It is also important that efficient impact surfaces are present at the threading joints between the drilling modules.
  • the choice of the steel quality is important for the drilling modules, which, according to tests, should comprise steel having a rupture strength of 650 MPa +/- 20%, preferably +/- 10%.
  • a single drilling module for pre-bolting of a rock volume comprising, in combination, a power transfer between a top hammer drilling machine and a drilling crown, on one hand, a pre-bolt in a rock volume, wherein the drilling module preferably comprises steel having a rupture strength of 650 MPa +/- 20%, preferably +/- 10%.
  • the combination of a drilling module and a drilling crown is a part of the invention.
  • the drilling module has a maximum outer diameter of 50 mm - 60 mm, preferably 55 mm (+/- 1 mm), and the drilling crown has a maximum outer diameter of 5 mm - 16 mm, preferably 11 mm (+/- 1 mm), larger than the maximum outer diameter of the drilling module.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of pre-bolting around a rock chamber 8" or a tunnel 8" in a rock chamber 8'. Pre-bolts arranged in a formation of three partly overlapping shields are shown.
  • each shield 8 comprises approximately 20 pre-bolts interconnected by a plurality of individual drilling modules 2, thereby forming the three shields, said shields typically having an inclination inside the rock volume 8' in relation to a roof of the rock chamber 8' or the tunnel 8" in a way which is familiar to the person skilled in the art.
  • the tube bolt comprises a drilling crown 5, a start tube 3 and four module tubes 2.
  • the diameter of the drilling crown is ⁇ 66 mm and the outer diameter of the tubes is ⁇ 55 mm.
  • the small difference between the diameter of the drilling crown and the tube results in the tube giving support during the drilling and thereby resulting in a more straight hole.
  • a preferred ratio between the outer diameters of the drilling crown and the drilling modules (the module tubes/the tubes) is 6 to 5, which, alternatively, may be defined as the outer diameter of the drilling crown being generally 20% larger than the outer diameter of the drilling modules.
  • the threading between the tubes, between the tubes and the drilling crown and between the neck and the tubes is a so called T45-threading.
  • the tube has an inner diameter of ⁇ 28 mm. During drilling, the tube is used for water supply, and when the tube is installed, an injection packer is mounted at the end of the tube.
  • the tube bolt is drilled in place and installed by means of a rock drill rig with a rod handling system ( figure 3 ).
  • a feeder and the rod handling magazine are loaded with tubes.
  • the loading of tubes is performed by means of a telfer crane which is adapted to the hedges in which the tubes are delivered.
  • the feeder of a drill rig is loaded with start tubes 3, drilling crown 5 and a module tube 2.
  • the rod handling system is modified with new carousel plates 6 and is loaded with four module tubes 2.
  • the tubes are injected and voids around the tubes are filled with injection mortar.
  • the tube is subjected to molding or injection with pressure if needed.
  • the invention relates to an interconnectable, self-drilling rock reinforcement tube which comprises a drilling crown, a starting tube and four module tubes adapted to modern rod handling systems on rock drill machines.
  • the starting tube with the drilling crown is mounted on a feeder arm.
  • the module tubes are mounted in a rod handling carousel.
  • the parts of the rock reinforcement tube are assembled during the drilling.
  • the drilling is supervised by one single operator, which is located at a distance from the front parts of the machine during drilling.
  • the invention is unique since it enables an automatic installation of tube bolt up to 18 meters with an ordinary rock drill machine with top hammer drilling.
  • the system saves resources and time, resulting in economic gains as the stand-still-time for rock reinforcement activities is minimized.
  • the invention is also applicable with reduced or no automatic feeding of drilling modules while still maintaining several of the advantages of the invention.
  • a method of reinforcing a rock volume by means of pre-bolting comprises: arranging 11 a top hammer drilling machine 1, 6 for the rock volume, said top hammer drilling machine being configured for automatic feeding of and drilling with a plurality of drilling modules 2, 3; initially loading 12 the top hammer drilling machine 1, 6 with at least one of said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3, wherein this drilling module is provided with a drilling crown 5; automatically feeding 13 sequentially and drilling 13 said drilling crown 5 and said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 into a resulting drill hole in the rock volume by means of the top hammer drilling machine 1, 6; fixating 14 the drilling crown 5 and said plurality of drilling modules 2,3 in the drilling hole by means of injecting a fixation substance into the drilling hole; wherein said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 have a maximum outer diameter of 50 mm - 60 mm, preferably 55 mm, and wherein the drilling crown has a maximum outer diameter of 5 mm - 16 mm, preferably 11 mm, larger than the maximum outer diameter of said plurality of
  • the outer diameters of the drilling crown and the drilling modules are 6 to 5, which, in alternative way, may be expressed as the outer diameter of the drilling crown being generally 20% larger than the outer diameters of the drilling modules.
  • the maximum range of this ratio which the inventor believes would result in the advantages of the invention, is from 65 to 60 (corresponding to 8.3% larger) up to 75 to 50 (corresponding to 42% larger).
  • the method may further comprise providing 10 the storage magazine of the top hammer drilling machine 1, 6 with carousel plates 6 for holding the drilling modules 2, 3 with said outer diameter.
  • the method includes that said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 may be tubular and that, in an interconnected condition, they form a continuous tube.
  • the method further comprises interconnecting said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 by means of threadings, preferably of the type T45.
  • At least one drilling module 2, 3, which is included in said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 may have at least one first impact surface 4b, which is formed at an outer end of a thread of said threadings, at a second impact surface 4a which is formed by a seat at an inner end of said thread, wherein the first and second impact surface 4a, 4b interacts with respective impact surfaces of an adjacent drilling module 2, 3, which is included in said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3.
  • said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 may comprise steel having a rupture strength of 650 MPa +/- 20%, preferably +/- 10%.
  • the method may comprise that: by drilling, deforming 13' said threadings that form joints between the drilling modules 2, 3, such that a substantial press-fit is thereby obtained.
  • said plurality of drilling modules may, in combination, on one hand, form a power transfer between a top hammer drilling machine 1, 6 and a drilling crown 5, and, on the other hand, form a pre-bolt for a rock volume.
  • the method may comprise initially loading 12' a storage magazine of the top hammer drilling machine 1, 6 with at least one of said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 for automatic, sequential feeding thereof during drilling.
  • the drilling module 2, 3 in combination with the drilling crown 5, wherein the drilling module 2, 3 may comprise steel having a rupture strength of 650 MPa +/- 20%, preferably +/- 10%.
  • an individual drilling module 2, 3 in connection to pre-bolting of a rock volume, forming, in combination, on one hand, a power transition between the top hammer drilling machine and a drilling crown, and, a pre-bolt in a rock volume
  • the drilling module 2, 3 is generally tubular, preferably comprising steel having a rupture strength of 650 MPa +/- 20%, preferably +/- 10%, preferably having a yield strength of 470 MPa +/- 20%, preferably having a maximum outer diameter of 50 mm - 60 mm (suitably 55 mm with an inner diameter of 28 mm), preferably having an inner diameter of 20-30 mm, preferably having a length of 2-6 meters, preferably being hollow and respectively having inner thread connection of T45-type in its respective other end.
  • the drilling module or the drilling modules 2, 3 may preferably be arranged in such a way that has been disclosed with regard to the method.
  • a top hammer drilling machine 1, 6, which is configured for automatic feeding of, and drilling by means of, a plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 for reinforcement of a rock volume by means of pre-bolting, comprising a top hammer drilling machine 1, 6 which is provided with carousel plates for holding and feeding of drilling modules 2, 3 having a maximum outer diameter of 50 mm - 60 mm, preferably 55 mm, wherein the top hammer drilling machine 1, 6 is initially loaded with a drilling module 2, 3 provided with a drilling crown 5, the maximum outer diameter of which is 5 mm - 16 mm, preferably 11 mm, larger than the maximum outer diameter of said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3, wherein the pre-bolting takes place as the top hammer drilling machine 1, 6, with automatic feeding of the drilling modules 2, 3, drilling said drilling crown into the rock followed by said plurality of drilling modules and by injecting a fixation substance for fixating the drilling crown 5 and said plurality of drilling modules 2, 3.
  • a ratio between the outer diameters of the drilling crown 5 and the drilling modules 2, 3 is 6 to 5.
  • a rock chamber 8 which may be a tunnel, in a rock volume 8' reinforced by the means of pre-bolting with a plurality of assemblies comprising a plurality of drilling modules 2, 3 in combination with a drilling crown 5 in accordance with the method or other devices in accordance with the invention, wherein the assemblies form at least one shield 8, but typically a plurality of partly overlapping shields, preferably in a roof of the rock chamber 8".
  • drilling module tube bolt, bolt, module tube (also start tube with a reference to the tube which is joined by threading with the drilling crown), rod (in particular in connection to a rod handling system), pre-bolt, tube, rock reinforcement tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP20821437.9A 2019-09-24 2020-09-24 Pre-bolting Active EP4051872B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20231214TT HRP20231214T1 (hr) 2019-09-24 2020-09-24 Predsidrenje

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1951078A SE543656C2 (sv) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Metod för förstärkning av bergvolym genom förbultning medelst topphammarborrmaskin, borrmodul för sagda förbultning samt användning av sagda topphammarborrmaskin för förbultning
PCT/SE2020/050901 WO2021061043A1 (en) 2019-09-24 2020-09-24 Pre-bolting

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4051872A1 EP4051872A1 (en) 2022-09-07
EP4051872C0 EP4051872C0 (en) 2023-08-23
EP4051872B1 true EP4051872B1 (en) 2023-08-23

Family

ID=73790181

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20821437.9A Active EP4051872B1 (en) 2019-09-24 2020-09-24 Pre-bolting

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4051872B1 (sv)
ES (1) ES2964293T3 (sv)
HR (1) HRP20231214T1 (sv)
PL (1) PL4051872T3 (sv)
SE (1) SE543656C2 (sv)
WO (1) WO2021061043A1 (sv)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE388453B (sv) * 1973-05-08 1976-10-04 Atlas Copco Ab Anordning for forflyttning av stenger fran ett magasinerat lege till centrumaxeln for ett borrhal
DE3200888A1 (de) * 1982-01-14 1983-07-21 Ingo 4600 Dortmund Stibane Vorrichtung zum nageln gebraecher gebirgsschichten
DE10234255B4 (de) * 2002-06-27 2010-07-01 Friedr. Ischebeck Gmbh Verwendung von Bohr-Injektionsankern als flächentragende Armierung eines Vortriebs-Gewölbeschirmes
AU2002953376A0 (en) * 2002-12-17 2003-01-09 Lms Geotechnical Pty Ltd An apparatus and method to anchor a rock bolt
EP2383420B1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2012-06-20 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB Drill bit for percussive rock drilling
ES2827019T3 (es) * 2015-05-08 2021-05-19 Normet International Ltd Perno de roca hueco autorroscante anclado localmente
ZA201608231B (en) * 2016-11-28 2019-01-30 Orica Mining Services South Africa Pty Ltd Coupled self-drilling rock bolt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4051872C0 (en) 2023-08-23
ES2964293T3 (es) 2024-04-05
PL4051872T3 (pl) 2024-02-19
SE543656C2 (sv) 2021-05-18
WO2021061043A1 (en) 2021-04-01
HRP20231214T1 (hr) 2024-01-19
EP4051872A1 (en) 2022-09-07
SE1951078A1 (sv) 2021-03-25

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