EP4038726A1 - Système d'enroulement pour une machine électrique - Google Patents

Système d'enroulement pour une machine électrique

Info

Publication number
EP4038726A1
EP4038726A1 EP20780667.0A EP20780667A EP4038726A1 EP 4038726 A1 EP4038726 A1 EP 4038726A1 EP 20780667 A EP20780667 A EP 20780667A EP 4038726 A1 EP4038726 A1 EP 4038726A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hairpins
winding
strand
wave winding
wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20780667.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Reuter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of EP4038726A1 publication Critical patent/EP4038726A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a winding scheme for an electrical machine such as an electrical machine with a corresponding winding.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a winding scheme which is easy and quick to produce and enables the electrical machine to be operated with high performance and low losses. Another task is to keep the space required, particularly in the axial direction, as small as possible.
  • the invention thus comprises a wave winding which represents a distributed winding in which the coils of the winding are each distributed over the circumference of the electrical machine.
  • the electrical machine has at least one phase, in which several phases, in particular three phases, can also be provided.
  • a fixed number of magnetic poles is provided, which are distributed over an order of the electrical machine, this number corresponds to the number of poles and is an even number, since there is an equal number of magnetic north and south poles.
  • Either the rotor, the stator or the rotor and stator of the electrical machine have grooves for receiving the shaft winding.
  • Several coil strands connected in parallel can also be provided for each phase.
  • the electrical machine preferably has a number of holes of at least three, which means that a number of slots corresponding to the number of holes in the circumferential direction is provided for each pole.
  • the coil strands each have a connection pin at both ends and are each divided into several sub-strands connected in series.
  • Each partial strand has a plurality of conductor elements corresponding to the number of poles of the electrical machine and thus extends once around the circumference.
  • Two adjacent conductor elements are each connected to one another by a turning area to form a hairpin.
  • the conductor elements are received in layers in the grooves and in each case two layers that are adjacent in the radial direction form a double layer, the conductor elements of a partial strand preferably being arranged in a double layer.
  • Each hairpin has contact areas at its free ends.
  • the turning area is preferably designed in one piece with the conductor elements.
  • the contact area is designed as a contact pin, which is connected to a corresponding contact pin of an adjacent hairpins of the coil strand for an electrically conductive connection, for example welding.
  • the contact area can also be designed as a connection pin, which is designed to connect the coil strand, more precisely the two ends of a coil strand, to power electronics for controlling the electrical machine.
  • contact pins and connection pins have the same geometric design, which reduces the number of different parts, which reduces costs and assembly effort, with different geometries also being possible, for example to facilitate the connection to the power electronics.
  • Wave windings according to the invention have two different variants of hairpins.
  • the turning area between the conductor elements has a shortened winding pitch WK.
  • the shortened winding step WK is one smaller than a theoretical standard winding step WS, which represents the distance between the grooves of the conductor elements to the theoretical value from the product of the number of holes and the number of phases, with the same per pole Groove position, for example right, middle or left with a number of holes of three, is occupied.
  • a change between the grooves is achieved through the shortened winding step WK.
  • the first variant of hairpins changes the conductor elements of a partial strand between adjacent grooves of the successive ones connected via the turning area of the hairpin , Pole. There is thus a change from a right to a middle or from a middle to a left groove depending on the viewing direction and a number of holes of three.
  • Hairpins are therefore also provided in a second variant, the hairpins of the second variant having an extended winding step WL which is greater than the shortened winding step WK by the value of the number of holes q.
  • Both variants have in common that the contact areas are each shaped by half the standard winding pitch WS in the turning area in the opposite direction in order to achieve the standard winding pitch WS between interconnected conductor elements of adjacent hairpins.
  • wave windings according to the invention have a uniform winding step on the axial side of the contact areas for all layers, whereby the production and the connection, for example by welding, the corresponding contact areas with one another is simplified.
  • the deformation takes place per layer alternately in the opposite circumferential direction, since the conductor elements of each hairpin are arranged in different layers of a double layer.
  • Embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that the turning area W of the hairpins with an extended winding pitch WL protrudes axially further over a bobbin than the turning area W of the hairpins with a shortened winding pitch WK.
  • the turning areas of the hairpins connect the conductor elements in the grooves of the bobbin at one axial end of the bobbin.
  • the turning areas of the hairpins with a shortened winding step can be arranged next to one another and lead out with the same, preferably low, height.
  • the turning areas of the hairpins with an extended winding step protrude axially beyond the bobbin and span the turning areas with a shortened winding step.
  • Wave windings according to embodiments are characterized in that at least one hairpin with an extended winding pitch WL and at least two hairpins with a shortened winding pitch WK are provided per partial strand.
  • each partial strand has, on average, a distance between the conductor elements which corresponds to the standard winding pitch.
  • a number of hairpins with a shortened winding step corresponding to the number of holes minus one (-1) is provided for each hairpin with an extended winding step.
  • Embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that at least one hairpin of a third variant is additionally provided per partial strand, which has a turning area W with a standard winding pitch WS. In this way, depending on the design, longer partial strands can also be provided, in which the average winding pitch corresponds to the standard winding pitch.
  • Embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that the conductor elements per partial strand run through each of the slots associated with the number of holes with the same number of times. As a result, a high degree of symmetry is achieved for the coil strands, which is advantageous, among other things, with regard to reduced losses.
  • hairpins of a third variant are provided, these are provided with a number corresponding to the number of holes, or a multiple thereof, and are preferably arranged between the hairpins of the first and second variant.
  • Wave windings according to embodiments are characterized in that an integral multiple of parallel-connected coil strands are provided. Coils advantageously have several parallel strands. The same number of parallel strings are preferably provided for each phase, which is why an integral multiple of the number of phases is provided on parallel strings.
  • Embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that the connection pins of the parallel coil strands are each arranged in the same pole. Due to the arrangement in the same pole, the outlay for interconnecting the coil strands can be simplified and made smaller. Installation space can thus be saved.
  • Wave windings according to embodiments are characterized in that the two connection pins of a coil strand are arranged in the same position. Installation space can also be saved if both connection pins of a Spu lenstrands are arranged in the same, preferably outer, layer, since the interconnection makes them smaller or can only be arranged from one side or the connection pins can easily be reshaped in the radial direction.
  • connection pins of a coil strand are arranged in the radial inner layer and in the radially outer layer.
  • Such an arrangement also provides easy access to the connection pins and it may be sufficient for the coil strands to pass through the coil body only once in the radial direction.
  • Embodiments of wave windings are characterized in that a part of each coil strand, which comprises at least one partial strand, is wound in the circumferential direction in the opposite direction, that the change in the direction of the winding between the partial strands takes place in an outer position in the radial direction, that the connection between the parts of the coil strand with different direction of the winding by a bridge element or a deformed contact area K in the radial direction and in the opposite circumferential direction, which are electrically conductively connected to the contact areas K of the hairpins.
  • the bridge element can be used to easily create a connection over a required circumferential area. Another advantage is that, depending on the installation space available for the electrical machine, the bridge element is arranged either with an axial or particularly preferably with a radial orientation.
  • one of the corresponding contact areas can also be deformed radially outward and in the opposite circumferential direction in order to achieve a direct connection between the contact areas. This makes the forming process of the contact areas somewhat more complex, but the bridge elements and their positioning are omitted.
  • stator or a rotor for an electrical cal machine which is characterized in that the stator is provided with a wave winding according to the preceding description and an electrical cal machine in which a wave winding according to the above description is provided .
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a coil with a wave winding in a perspective view.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a winding scheme for a
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a bobbin with a wave winding (1), here as a stator.
  • the stator has a bobbin (2) in which grooves (3) are used
  • conductor elements in the form of hairpins (6, 6 ') are inserted into the grooves (3), with several conductor elements being inserted in layers per groove (3).
  • the hairpins (6, 6 ’) in the example shown each include two conductor elements, a turning area W in which the conductor elements are integrally connected to one another, and contact areas K at the ends of the hairpins (6, 6’).
  • the hairpins (6, 6') are designed in their contact areas K with two contact pins (4), each of which is connected to the hairpin (6, 6 '), more precisely its corresponding contact pin (4) are electrically connected.
  • the first and last hairpin (6, 6 ') of a coil strand has a contact pin (4) for connection to the adjacent hairpin (6, 6') of the coil strand and a connection pin (5) for connection to power electronics, not shown.
  • all contact pins (4) of the wave winding are arranged on the same axial side of the bobbin (2), whereby the turning areas W of the hairpins (6, 6 ') are accordingly on the opposite axial side of the bobbin (1 ) are arranged.
  • a uniform pattern with parallel turning areas W with a shortened winding pitch WK is formed, each of which is spanned by a turning area W with an extended winding pitch WL.
  • a number of holes of three two hairpins (6) of the first variant and one hairpin (6 ') of the second variant.
  • the hairpins (6) of the first variant always change from the right groove (3) to a middle groove (3) or from a middle groove (3) to a left groove (3) in the adjacent layer.
  • With the hairpin (6 ') of the second variant always switched between a left groove (3) and a right groove (3) of the adjacent layer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a winding scheme for a first coil strand analogous to the one shown in FIG.
  • grooves (3) A development of the grooves (3) is shown with a representation of the eight layers here, and thus four double layers, per groove (3). However, there are also a different number of grooves (3) or layers, such as the six layers in FIG. 1, possible, please include.
  • the conductor elements of the hairpins (6, 6 ') for parallel strands of a pole are shown in the three grooves (3) per pole and numbered in such a way that the number each has a letter for the strand and a two-digit Number includes.
  • the two conductor elements of the respective hairpin (6, 6 ‘) are differentiated with capital and small letters.
  • the first number indicates the double layer in which the hairpin (6, 6 ') is arranged, and the second number stands for consecutive numbering of the hair pins (6, 6') in the direction of current flow in this double layer .
  • connection pins (5) or, in other words, the corresponding first and last conductor elements of the coil strands are marked with arrows, the arrows for differentiating the different strands being shown with solid lines, dashed lines or dotted lines.
  • connection pins (5) of the individual coil strands are each provided in the radially outer position of the wave winding and the connection pins (5) of the parallel coil strands are each arranged in the same pole. Due to the arrangement in the radially outer layer, a connection to the power electronics can be made in the radial direction, so that no or only minimal construction space is required in the axial direction. Due to the arrangement in the same pole, the connection pins (5) for the cathode and the anode are each net angeord directly adjacent. The connection pins (5) of the parallel coil strands for the cathode and the anode are offset by one pole of the coil strand in the circumferential direction. Due to this training, only a small area of the scope is required for connection to the power electronics.
  • a change from a left groove (3) to a right groove (3) takes place in each case in the example shown, by providing a hairpin (6 ') of the second variant with an extended winding step WL is.
  • two hairpins (6) of the first variant with a shortened winding pitch WK are provided in the exemplary embodiment shown in order to switch from a right to a middle groove (3) or from a middle to a left groove (3).
  • only hairpins (6, 6 ‘) of the first and second variant are provided. This achieves a high degree of symmetry, which reduces losses.
  • a different distribution of the hairpins (6, 6 ‘) un different variants over the circumference is possible, with hairpins of a third variant with a standard winding step WS can also be provided.
  • the coil strands each first run through the radially outer double layer with the first partial strand.
  • the first sub-strand passes through a corresponding connection of the contact pins (4) into the second sub-strand, which runs through the next double layer in the same direction of the winding, analogous to the first sub-strand.
  • This transition between the double layers is shown in Fig.
  • the electrically conductive connection to the first contact pin (4) of the here fifth sub-strand is made by a bridge element (7).
  • a winding step corresponding to the standard winding step WS is carried out by the bridge element (7).
  • bridge elements (7) with different winding steps corresponding, for example, to the lengthened or shortened winding step are possible in order to switch between the grooves (3) at the transition between the partial strands.
  • the corresponding last or first contact pins (4) can be reshaped in the radial direction into a further layer and for this to be reshaped in a circumferential direction opposite to the original position in order to match the corresponding Contact pin (4) to be connected directly in the manner of further contact pins (4), for example by means of welding.
  • the fifth part here which runs through the grooves in the opposite direction in the ra dial inner double layer, then merges into the sixth part, which also runs through the grooves (3) in the adjacent double layer. This transition is also indicated by way of example with an arrow with a dash-dot line.
  • the partial strands running back to the radially outer layer have an analogous structure to the aforementioned partial strands.
  • the last hairpin of the eighth partial strand here has at its end, which also shows the end of the coil strand, correspondingly to the connection pin (5) for connection to the power electronics.
  • connection pins (5) are provided on the radially inner layer or also embodiments in which connection pins (5) are provided on both the radially outer and the radially inner layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un enroulement d'arbre pour une machine électrique, dans lequel au moins un certain nombre de brins de bobine correspondant au nombre de trous (q) sont disposés en parallèle, chaque brin de partie étant formé par une pluralité d'épingles à cheveux (6, 6'), caractérisé en ce que deux variantes différentes d'épingles à cheveux (6, 6') sont fournies, en ce que, dans une première variante des épingles à cheveux (6), la zone de virage (W) entre les éléments conducteurs présente une étape d'enroulement (WK) réduite d'un, c'est-à-dire que WK = WS - 1, en ce que dans une seconde variante des épingles à cheveux (6'), la zone de virage (W) présente une étape d'enroulement étendue (WL), qui est supérieure du nombre de trous (q) à l'étape d'enroulement réduit (WK), c'est-à-dire que WL = WK + q, et en ce que dans toutes les variantes des épingles à cheveux (6, 6'), les zones de contact (K) sont chacune déformées de moitié de l'étape d'enroulement standard (WS) dans la direction opposée à la zone de virage (W). L'invention concerne en outre une machine électrique dotée d'un enroulement d'arbre de ce type.
EP20780667.0A 2019-10-01 2020-09-24 Système d'enroulement pour une machine électrique Pending EP4038726A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019215094.2A DE102019215094A1 (de) 2019-10-01 2019-10-01 Wickelschema für eine elektrische Maschine
PCT/EP2020/076743 WO2021063802A1 (fr) 2019-10-01 2020-09-24 Système d'enroulement pour une machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4038726A1 true EP4038726A1 (fr) 2022-08-10

Family

ID=72659235

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20780667.0A Pending EP4038726A1 (fr) 2019-10-01 2020-09-24 Système d'enroulement pour une machine électrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20220360128A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4038726A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114467244A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019215094A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021063802A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022208027A1 (de) 2022-08-03 2024-02-08 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Wicklung, Komponente für eine elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Wicklung
DE102022208142A1 (de) 2022-08-04 2024-02-15 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Wicklung, Komponente für eine elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Wicklung

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2627040A (en) * 1950-08-01 1953-01-27 Hansen Siegfried Stepping motor
DE19900922C1 (de) * 1999-01-13 2000-09-21 Elmotec Elektro Motoren Tech Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Wellenwicklung für Statoren oder Rotoren elektrischer Maschinen
US7622843B2 (en) * 2006-06-12 2009-11-24 Rerry International, Inc. Terminals and connections between multi-set segmented hairpin windings
US9379586B2 (en) * 2013-04-24 2016-06-28 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Bar wound stator winding layout with long-pitched and short-pitched coils
DE102014223202A1 (de) * 2014-11-13 2016-05-19 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Wellenwicklung, Stator und elektrische Maschine
US10784736B2 (en) * 2016-07-28 2020-09-22 Borgwarner Inc. Electric machine with stator having even slot distribution
CN111527672B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2022-07-26 小田原机械工程株式会社 旋转电机的接线方法、制造方法、接线结构及旋转电机
DE102018203471A1 (de) * 2018-03-08 2019-09-12 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Wickelschema für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102018203469A1 (de) * 2018-03-08 2019-09-12 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Wickelschema für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102018125829A1 (de) * 2018-10-18 2020-04-23 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Stator für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102018125831A1 (de) * 2018-10-18 2020-04-23 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Stator für eine elektrische Maschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114467244A (zh) 2022-05-10
US20220360128A1 (en) 2022-11-10
WO2021063802A1 (fr) 2021-04-08
DE102019215094A1 (de) 2021-04-01

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