WO2021250162A1 - Stator destiné à une machine électrique et machine électrique - Google Patents

Stator destiné à une machine électrique et machine électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021250162A1
WO2021250162A1 PCT/EP2021/065594 EP2021065594W WO2021250162A1 WO 2021250162 A1 WO2021250162 A1 WO 2021250162A1 EP 2021065594 W EP2021065594 W EP 2021065594W WO 2021250162 A1 WO2021250162 A1 WO 2021250162A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductors
phase
stator
conductor
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/065594
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland BUOL
Martin STÖCK
Original Assignee
Jheeco E-Drive Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jheeco E-Drive Ag filed Critical Jheeco E-Drive Ag
Priority to EP21732865.7A priority Critical patent/EP4165754A1/fr
Publication of WO2021250162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021250162A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2203/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
    • H02K2203/09—Machines characterised by wiring elements other than wires, e.g. bus rings, for connecting the winding terminations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stator for an electrical machine according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor, according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • a stator for an electrical machine essentially comprises a stator package with a number of slots running in the axial direction, whereby the slots can run straight or at an angle to the axial direction, as well as windings received in each slot, which consist of one or more parallel wires, solid copper rod ( Hairpin or I-pin) or a shaped strand (consisting of several individual wires connected in parallel).
  • either one or more parallel wires are wound onto a bobbin and pulled into the slot (pull-in winding) or conductors are inserted into the slots (plug-in winding), which are then interconnected to form a winding.
  • Hairpin, I-pin and shaped strands are examples of plug-in windings.
  • plug-in windings several conductors are usually inserted one above the other in a slot, this number is called the number of conductors.
  • the term “conductor” is used when conductors consisting of one or more turns are produced as a coil and inserted into the slot as such.
  • Stators according to the prior art generally have a certain number of slots per pole and phase (called number of holes).
  • the number of turns per phase is decisive for the voltage level of the machine, which can be calculated from the number of holes, the number of poles and the number of conductors per slot (number of conductors).
  • the voltage level is often given by the voltage source of the application.
  • the number of poles is given by the maximum speed and the maximum converter frequency of the application. It is therefore clear that for a given voltage level and a given number of poles, a variation in the number of holes must be compensated for by a variation in the number of conductors.
  • a high number of holes means a high number of slots and vice versa.
  • Variants with a high number of stator slots result in smaller slot surfaces with the same size. If the insulation thickness remains the same, the area fraction of the insulation per slot area increases sharply.
  • Variants with a low number of stator slots with the same size generally have higher scatter figures. This results in higher leakage inductances and thus a deterioration in the efficiency and the power factor.
  • the ratio of the number of stator slots to the number of rotor slots must be carefully selected in order to achieve a minimum level of noise.
  • plug-in windings In the case of plug-in windings, the individual conductors in the winding head are usually bent and connected to one another, for example welded. So that these do not collide geometrically, the innermost conductor of the first slot of a phase must be connected to the second innermost conductor of the first slot of the same phase, which is, however, offset by one pole. For this reason, plug-in windings with bent conductors in the end winding are always implemented with an even number of conductors (2, 4, 6, 8, ). It is therefore particularly difficult to achieve the desired number of phase turns in principle, particularly with plug-in windings, without making the above-mentioned compromises in terms of the number of stator slots.
  • this object is achieved by a stator with the characterizing features of claim 1. Because an odd number of electrical conductors (1, 3, 5, 7, ...) are inserted into the grooves, the disadvantages outlined above can be reduced. This is particularly important for the plug-in winding.
  • the arrangement of, for example, three electrical conductors per groove enables the grooves to be provided to be reduced to a level that enables a balanced relationship between low insulation requirements, low leakage inductances, low noise generation and high efficiency. More beneficial Refinements of the proposed invention emerge in particular from the features of the subclaims.
  • the objects or features of the various claims can in principle be combined with one another as desired.
  • one conductor as a phase conductor, is preferably passed through a first groove without electrical interruption and then passed through further grooves in sequence and connected at its ends to the phase assigned to it.
  • the phase conductors can be designed with a continuous winding or with a corresponding electrical connection to form a continuous electrical winding.
  • the interconnection rings allow a free definition of which conductors can be connected to which adjacent conductors and / or to which phase.
  • phase conductors are arranged at corresponding positions in the grooves.
  • phase conductors that are all connected to one phase or phase conductors that are connected to different phases can be arranged in one and the same groove at the positions.
  • the grooves for receiving the conductors are coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the stator core are arranged.
  • the grooves for receiving the conductors thus preferably run axially in the stator core.
  • the conductors are divided into two groups (an outer and an inner group).
  • the outer group is offset from the inner group by one or more grooves.
  • the separation can be designed so that both groups have the same number of conductors. If there are uneven numbers of conductors, the principle is that the numbers of conductors in the two groups are not identical.
  • the conductors are divided into three groups (inner, middle, outer group).
  • the number of conductors can be greater than or equal to 3)
  • the three groups are each offset from one another by one or more grooves in the same direction of rotation.
  • the M conductors are divided into N groups (where M is greater than or equal to N).
  • the N groups are each offset from one another by one or more grooves in the same direction of rotation.
  • the first conductors form a first layer which are arranged in a first radius from the longitudinal axis, the second conductors forming a second layer which are arranged in a second radius around the longitudinal axis, wherein the third conductors form a third layer, which are arranged in a third radius around the longitudinal axis, with conductors arranged next to one another in a groove in the circumferential direction being connected to a first phase of a current and / or voltage source, with four others next to one another in the circumferential direction in a groove arranged conductors are connected to a second phase of a current and / or voltage source, with four more in Circumferential direction side by side in a groove conductors are connected to a third phase of a current and / or voltage source, the layers being in phase or at least one layer out of phase with another layer, in particular out of phase around a groove or a conductor.
  • the field exciter curve can be adapted optimally or, more precisely, as close as possible to a sinus curve.
  • In-phase here is to be understood as meaning that two or more conductors are connected in a slot with the same phase, for example the three phases U, V or W.
  • Phase offset means that adjacent conductors in a slot are connected to different phases, for example phases U, V, W.
  • the electrical conductor is designed as a wire, hairpin, I-pin or shaped strand.
  • the interconnection of the individual conductors is advantageous because of the odd number of conductors / slot, for example through the use of a tier winding system.
  • a connection ring is preferably used, with which the corresponding conductors are electrically connected to one another as required.
  • the winding system is shown as a wave winding, for example in the form of a classic hairpin, I-pin or shaped strand winding. With a wave winding, the phase conductors are led from one slot into the next without electrical interruption and the respective phase conductors are connected to the phases at their ends.
  • the electrical connection can be formed by connecting hair pins of the respective grooves to one another or by a continuous conductor, for example a shaped strand, which is passed through the corresponding grooves.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a stator according to the invention with a rotor shaft in a perspective illustration
  • FIG. 2 shows a stator according to the invention in a sectional illustration
  • FIG. 3 shows a stator according to the invention in a sectional illustration
  • FIG. 4 shows a stator according to the invention in a sectional illustration
  • FIG. 5 shows a field exciter curve for a stator according to FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 shows a field exciter curve for a stator according to FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 shows a field exciter curve for a stator according to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 8 shows an electrical machine according to the invention in a perspective view
  • a stator S according to the invention essentially comprises a stator core.
  • the stator core 1 consists of a number of stator disks 11, preferably made of sheet metal, which are arranged axially one behind the other.
  • the stator core 1 is equipped with an opening through which a rotor shaft 2 can be inserted.
  • the rotor shaft 2 is mounted with respect to the stator core 1 for the transmission of torques.
  • the stator S or the stator core 1 has a longitudinal axis which is identified by the reference character L.
  • the stator package 1 is also equipped with a number of grooves 13 for receiving electrical conductors 3.
  • the grooves run in particular in the axial direction and / or are arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis L.
  • the grooves 13 are preferably designed as channels.
  • the grooves 13 are designated with an index, that is, starting at, for example, 0 ° as 13.1 to 13.x.
  • the following examples show stator packs with 48 slots, i.e. slots 13.1, 13.2 to 13.48. At least three or an odd number greater than 1 of conductors 3 are accommodated in each groove 13, ie for example three, five, seven, nine, etc. However, exactly three conductors 3 are preferred in the positions 3a, 3b, 3c in the groove 13 brought in.
  • the conductors 3 running axially per groove 13 are arranged one above the other in the radial direction. There is a radial sequence of conductors 3 (from inside to outside) at positions 3a, 3b and 3c for each groove13. An arrangement of three superposed conductors 3 per groove can also be addressed as a three-layer system.
  • Each conductor 3 is at least indirectly connected to a phase of a current or voltage source 14 with the phases U, V, W.
  • the phase conductor I is connected to the phase U, the phase conductor II to the phase V and the phase conductor III to the phase W, as is illustrated schematically in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a stator according to the invention is shown in FIG.
  • phase conductors I are each occupied with phase conductors I at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, all of the conductors being connected to the first phase U.
  • further grooves 13.5, 13.6, 13.7 and 13.8 in the circumferential direction are each occupied with phase conductors II at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, all of the conductors being connected to the second phase V.
  • the pattern sketched above continues clockwise in the circumferential direction three more times, so there is a total of four times over the circumference with 48 grooves.
  • the pattern outlined above can also be described by the offset with regard to the layers formed by the conductors.
  • the inner conductors thus form a first layer at position 3a, the next conductor in the radial direction at position 3b a second layer and the external conductors in position 3c a third layer.
  • the layers have corresponding inner radii r a , r b and r c in relation to the longitudinal axis L, which are preferably different per layer.
  • each layer consists of a sequence of four conductors each with a phase conductor, i.e. four times at positions 3a and 3b and 3c one conductor I with phase U, and then one conductor II with phase V and each a conductor III connected to phase W.
  • the sequence is repeated three more times.
  • FIG. 1 Another example of a stator according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1
  • Two grooves 13.1 and 13.2 are each occupied with phase conductors I at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, all of the conductors being connected to the first phase U.
  • Two further clockwise slots 13.3 and 13.4 are each occupied with conductors at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a and the middle conductor at position 3b as phase conductor I with the first phase U and the outer conductor at position 3c are connected to the second phase V as phase conductor II.
  • Two further clockwise slots 13.5 and 13.6 are each occupied with the phase conductors II at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, with all conductors being connected to the second phase V.
  • Two further clockwise slots 13.7 and 13.8 are each occupied with conductors at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a and middle conductor at position 3b as phase conductor II with the second phase V and the outer conductor at position 3c are connected to the third phase W as phase conductor III.
  • Two further clockwise slots 13.9 and 13.10 are each occupied with phase conductors III at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, all of the conductors being connected to the third phase W.
  • Two further clockwise slots 13.11 and 13.12 are each occupied with conductors at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a and the middle conductor at position 3b as phase conductor III with the third phase W and the outer conductor at position 3c as phase conductor I are connected to the first phase U.
  • the pattern sketched above continues clockwise in the circumferential direction three more times, so there is a total of four times over the circumference with 48 grooves.
  • the pattern outlined above can also be described by the offset with regard to the layers formed by the conductors. With regard to the definition of the layers, reference can be made to the statements made above.
  • first layer at position 3a and the second layer at position 3b are not offset, i.e. in phase in each groove.
  • the third layer at position 3c i.e. the outer layer, is offset by two grooves, here counterclockwise, with respect to the first or second layer.
  • FIG. 1 Another example of a stator according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1
  • Two grooves 13.1 and 13.2 are each occupied with phase conductors I at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, all of the conductors being connected to the first phase U.
  • a next clockwise slot 13.3 is occupied by conductors at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a and the middle conductor at position 3b as phase conductor I with the first phase U and the outer conductor at position 3c are connected to the second phase V as phase conductor II.
  • a next clockwise slot 13.4 is occupied with conductors at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, the inner conductor 3a as phase conductor I with the first phase U and the middle conductor with position 3b and the outer conductor with position 3c as Phase conductor II are connected to the second phase V.
  • Two further clockwise grooves 13.5 and 13.6 are each occupied with phase conductors II at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, all of the conductors being connected to the second phase V.
  • a next clockwise slot 13.7 is occupied with conductors at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a and the middle conductor at position 3b as phase conductor II with the second phase V and the outer conductor at position 3c the third phase W are connected.
  • a next clockwise slot 13.8 is occupied with conductors at positions 3a, 3b and 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a as phase conductor II with the second phase V and the middle conductor at position 3b and the outer conductor at position 3c as Phase conductor III are connected to the third phase W.
  • Two further clockwise grooves 13.9 and 13.10 are each occupied with phase conductors III at positions 3a to 3c, with all conductors being occupied with the third phase W.
  • a next clockwise slot 13.11 is occupied by conductors at positions 3a to 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a and middle conductor at position 3b as phase conductor III with third phase W and the outer conductor at position 3c as phase conductor I. the first phase U are connected.
  • a next clockwise slot 13.12 is occupied by conductors at positions 3a to 3c, the inner conductor at position 3a as phase conductor III with third phase W and the middle conductor at position 3b and the outer conductor at position 3c as phase conductor I. are connected to the first phase U.
  • the pattern sketched above continues clockwise in the circumferential direction three more times, so there is a total of four times over the circumference with 48 grooves.
  • the pattern outlined above can also be described by the offset with regard to the layers formed by the conductors. With regard to the definition of the layers, reference can be made to the statements made above.
  • the second layer is offset by one groove from the first layer
  • the third layer is offset from the first layer by two grooves and the third layer is offset from the second layer by one groove.
  • the electrical conductor can be designed as a simple wire, hairpin, I-pin or shaped strand.
  • the interconnection of the individual conductors takes place, in particular because of the odd number of conductors / slot, for example through the use of a tier winding system, in particular if the winding system is built as a classic pull-in winding and / or with the help of a connection ring, in particular if the winding system is designed as a wave winding (classic Hairpin, I-Pin or molded stranded wire winding) is built.
  • a wave winding With a wave winding, the phase conductors are led from one slot into the next without electrical interruption and the respective phase conductors are connected to the phases at their ends.
  • the electrical connection can be formed by connecting hair pins of the respective grooves to one another or by a continuous conductor, for example a shaped strand, which is passed through the corresponding grooves.
  • a higher number of layers allows a better adaptation of the field exciter curve to the desired sine in the asynchronous machine and a reduction of the ripple moments in the synchronous machine. Both machine types achieve increased levels of efficiency by optimizing the winding factor while at the same time minimizing the machine-related additional losses (pulsation losses).
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 the mode of operation of several layers and corresponding arrangements of the conductors is illustrated.
  • FIG. 5 the field exciter curve for a 1-layer winding according to FIG. 2 is illustrated.
  • FIG. 6 the field exciter curve for a 2-layer winding is shown in accordance with FIG. 3 illustrated.
  • FIG. 7 the field exciter curve for a 3-layer winding according to FIG. 4 is illustrated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un stator (R) destiné à une machine électrique, le stator (S) ayant un noyau de stator (1) avec au moins une rainure (13) destinée à recevoir des conducteurs électriques (3), les conducteurs électriques (3) étant reçus en au moins trois positions (3a, 3b, 3c). L'invention concerne également une machine électrique, en particulier un moteur électrique, comprenant un stator (R) et un stator (S), caractérisé par un stator (R) selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes.
PCT/EP2021/065594 2020-06-10 2021-06-10 Stator destiné à une machine électrique et machine électrique WO2021250162A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21732865.7A EP4165754A1 (fr) 2020-06-10 2021-06-10 Stator destiné à une machine électrique et machine électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020115521.2A DE102020115521A1 (de) 2020-06-10 2020-06-10 Stator für eine elektrische Maschine, sowie elektrische Maschine
DE102020115521.2 2020-06-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021250162A1 true WO2021250162A1 (fr) 2021-12-16

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ID=76483309

Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2021/065594 WO2021250162A1 (fr) 2020-06-10 2021-06-10 Stator destiné à une machine électrique et machine électrique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4165754A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020115521A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021250162A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022206672A1 (de) 2022-06-30 2024-01-04 Siemens Mobility GmbH Elektrisches Antriebssystem für ein Schienenfahrzeug

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE638211C (de) * 1935-01-08 1936-11-11 Aeg Mehrstabwicklung fuer Wechselstrommaschinen mit ungerader Stabzahl je Nut
US5898251A (en) * 1995-08-18 1999-04-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of making armature winding of double-layer concentric-wound or lap-winding type for dynamoelectric machine
DE10028380A1 (de) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-20 Isad Electronic Sys Gmbh & Co Wicklung für eine elektrische Maschine sowie Verfahren und Formteilsatz zur Herstellung einer solchen Wicklung
US20130200743A1 (en) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-08 Honda Motor Co,. Ltd. Stator for rotary electric machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE638211C (de) * 1935-01-08 1936-11-11 Aeg Mehrstabwicklung fuer Wechselstrommaschinen mit ungerader Stabzahl je Nut
US5898251A (en) * 1995-08-18 1999-04-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of making armature winding of double-layer concentric-wound or lap-winding type for dynamoelectric machine
DE10028380A1 (de) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-20 Isad Electronic Sys Gmbh & Co Wicklung für eine elektrische Maschine sowie Verfahren und Formteilsatz zur Herstellung einer solchen Wicklung
US20130200743A1 (en) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-08 Honda Motor Co,. Ltd. Stator for rotary electric machine

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Publication number Publication date
DE102020115521A1 (de) 2021-12-16
EP4165754A1 (fr) 2023-04-19

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