EP3763019A1 - Schéma d'enroulement pour une machine électrique - Google Patents
Schéma d'enroulement pour une machine électriqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP3763019A1 EP3763019A1 EP19703323.6A EP19703323A EP3763019A1 EP 3763019 A1 EP3763019 A1 EP 3763019A1 EP 19703323 A EP19703323 A EP 19703323A EP 3763019 A1 EP3763019 A1 EP 3763019A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hairpins
- winding
- variant
- wave winding
- strand
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/06—Embedding prefabricated windings in machines
- H02K15/062—Windings in slots; salient pole windings
- H02K15/064—Windings consisting of separate segments, e.g. hairpin windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/06—Embedding prefabricated windings in machines
- H02K15/062—Windings in slots; salient pole windings
- H02K15/065—Windings consisting of complete sections, e.g. coils, waves
- H02K15/067—Windings consisting of complete sections, e.g. coils, waves inserted in parallel to the axis of the slots or inter-polar channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a winding scheme for an electrical machine and an electrical machine with a corresponding winding.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a winding scheme which is simple and quick to produce and enables operation of the electric machine with high performance and low losses. Another object is to keep the required space, especially in the axial direction, as small as possible.
- the invention thus comprises a wave winding, which represents a distributed winding in which the coils of the winding are respectively distributed over the circumference of the electric machine.
- the electric machine has at least one phase, wherein also several phases, in particular three phases, can be provided.
- the electric machine has grooves for receiving the wave winding.
- the electric machine has a number of holes of at least two, which means that one pole of the number of holes corresponding number is provided in the circumferential direction of adjacent grooves.
- the coil strands each have a connection pin at their two ends and are in each case divided into several subsections connected in series.
- Each sub-string has one of the number of poles of the electrical machine corresponding plurality of conductor elements and thus extends once around the circumference.
- Two neighboring conductor elements are connected to each other by a turning region to a hairpin.
- the conductor elements are received in layers in the grooves and two adjacent layers in the radial direction form a double layer, wherein preferably the conductor elements of a sub-strand are arranged in a double layer.
- Each hairpin has contact areas at its free ends.
- the turning region is preferably formed in one piece with the conductor elements.
- the contact area is designed as a contact pin.
- leads which is connected to the electrically conductive connection, for example welding with a corresponding contact pin of an adjacent hairpin of the coil strand.
- the contact region can also be designed as a connection pin, which is designed to connect the coil strand, more precisely the two ends of a coil strand, to a power electronics system for controlling the electrical machine.
- contact pins and connection pins have the same geometric shape, which reduces the number of different parts, which reduces the costs and the assembly effort, whereby different geometries are possible, for example, to facilitate the connection to the power electronics.
- Wave winding according to the invention have at least three different variants of hairpins in order to reduce or avoid losses due to mutual induction of the coil strands.
- the turning region between the conductor elements has the standard winding step WS, whereby the winding step and thus the distance between the grooves of the conductor elements can be achieved to the theoretical value for the number of holes and number of phases per pole always the same groove position, for example, right or left with a number of holes of two, is occupied.
- Hairpins in the second and third variants are therefore likewise provided in order to achieve a change between the grooves, with hairpins of the second variant having a second winding step which is greater by an integer value x than the standard winding step, and accordingly hairpins of the third variant a third winding step, which is smaller by an integer value x than the standard winding step.
- the groove position of successive conductor elements can be changed, for example, with a number of holes of two from the right to the left groove or vice versa.
- the contact regions are each deformed by half the standard winding step WS in the reversing region of the opposite direction in order to achieve the standard winding step WS between interconnected conductor elements of adjacent hairpins.
- wave windings according to the invention on the axial side of the contact areas for all layers have a uniform winding step, whereby the production and the Connection, for example by welding Shen, the corresponding contact areas is simplified with each other.
- the deformation takes place per layer alternately in the opposite circumferential direction, since the conductor elements of each hairpin are arranged in different positions of a double layer.
- embodiments are also possible in which further, such as fourth and fifth, variants of hairpins are provided whose deviation from the standard winding step amounts to a further value satisfying the above condition.
- Wave winding according to embodiments of the invention are characterized in that at least one hairpin of the second variant and at least one hairpin third variant are provided per partial strand. By such a configuration corresponding change between the grooves is achieved.
- Embodiments of the inventive wave winding are characterized in that an equal number of hairpins of the second variant and third variant are provided per partial strand. This ensures that the contact regions for the connection to adjacent partial strands or connections are each formed radially aligned at a position on the circumference, whereby the production, in particular a welding of the corresponding contact regions with each other, is simplified.
- Inventive embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that at least one hairpin of the first variant is provided per partial strand. Hairpins of the first variant are preferably arranged alternately with hairpins of the second variant or third variant in order to achieve a symmetrical structure.
- the hairpins of the second variant and third variant alternate in the circumferential direction.
- Embodiments of further inventive wave windings are characterized in that four parallel coil strands are provided. Per pole and double layer, due to the number of holes of two, there are four conductor elements of different sub-strands. In addition to an embodiment with two coil strands connected in parallel, embodiments with four coil strands connected in parallel are therefore also possible.
- the various coil strands may each extend over all double layers or only over a part of the double layers.
- Preferred embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that in each case two coil strands are wound in the circumferential direction of opposite direction. In the case of four coil strands connected in parallel, which in each case have one partial strands per double layer, the winding for each two coil strands preferably extends in an opposite direction. This achieves a high degree of symmetry.
- Embodiments of a wave winding according to the invention are characterized in that a part of each coil strand, which comprises at least one sub-strand, is wound in the circumferential direction of opposite direction. By reversing the direction of the winding, the losses are further reduced, since a higher symmetry of the wave winding is achieved.
- Preferred embodiments of a wave winding according to the invention are characterized in that the connection between the parts of the coil strand with different directions of the winding is formed by bridge elements, which are electrically conductively connected to the contact areas of the hairpins. Through the use of bridge elements, the uniform deformation of the contact areas of the hairpins can be maintained, which simplifies the manufacture and at the same time achieves an electrically conductive connection between the corresponding partial strands.
- the bridge element can easily be used to create a connection over a required circumferential area. Another advantage is that depending on the space available for the electrical machine, the bridge element is arranged either with axial or particularly preferably with a radial orientation.
- Embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that the change of the direction of the winding between the partial strands takes place in a radially outer layer.
- the changes in the radially outer layers are provided ,
- the radially outer layer can represent both edges of the annular Hairpinwicklung in the sense of the application, so both the innermost position and the outermost layer.
- Wave windings according to embodiments of the invention are characterized in that only once the direction of the winding is changed per coil strand.
- the change between the directions of the winding only takes place once per coil strand instead.
- a coil strand from the connection pin first passes through the grooves of possibly several double layers to a radially outer layer and changes there the direction of the winding to then run back in the reverse direction of the winding through the grooves back to the second terminal pin of the coil strand.
- Embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that per pole in the circumferential direction adjacent conductor elements of different sub-strands of a coil strand are arranged in radially adjacent layers. Thus, viewed in the radial direction as well as in the circumferential direction, conductor elements of the different coil strands are alternately directly adjacent to one another at each pole.
- the degree of symmetry of the wave winding is further improved and thus space and losses can be reduced.
- Embodiments of a wave winding are characterized in that the connection pins of the two coil strands are arranged in the same pole. With such a design of the required angular range for the connections to the power electronics is reduced, which can be saved according to space in the circumferential direction accordingly.
- connection pins of the two coil strands are arranged in the same radially outer layer. This space can be saved in the axial direction, since the connections can be made in the radial direction.
- the connection pins can be radially outwardly formed in the radially outermost position or radially inwardly in the radially innermost position, which is why a connection to the power electronics can take place in the radial direction.
- connection pins are arranged both in an outer layer and in the same pole.
- the space required for connection to the power electronics can be minimized both in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine.
- Further objects of the invention are a stator for an electrical machine, which is characterized in that the stator is provided with a wave winding according to the preceding description and an electric machine, in which a wave winding is provided as described above.
- Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a stator with a wave winding in a side view.
- Fig. 2 shows a portion of the wave winding in the region of the connection pins.
- FIG. 3 shows a winding diagram for a coil strand according to FIG. 1.
- FIG. Fig. 4 shows a winding scheme for another coil strand according to
- FIG. 3 was divided into four parts, corresponding to FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D, FIG. 3A the upper left area, FIG. 3B the upper right area, FIG. 3C shows the lower left area and FIG. 3D shows the lower right area of FIG. 3.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a stator (1) with a wave winding.
- the stator (1) has a stator body (2), in which grooves (3) are formed for receiving the shaft winding.
- grooves (3) conductor elements are introduced in the example shown in the form of hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 "), wherein per groove (3) a plurality of conductor elements are introduced in layers.
- the hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") of the illustrated example each comprise two conductor elements, a turning region W, in which the conductor elements are integrally connected to one another, and contact regions K at the ends of the hairpin (6, 6', 6"). ).
- the hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") are, apart from the respective first and last hairpin (6, 6', 6") of the individual coil strands in their contact areas K with two contact pins (4) executed, each with the in Spulentrang adjacent hairpin (6, 6 ', 6 "), more precisely its corresponding contact pin (4) are electrically connected.
- the respective first and last hairpin (6, 6 ', 6 ") of a coil strand has a contact pin (4) for connection to the adjacent hairpin (6, 6', 6") of the coil strand and a connection pin (5, 5 ') Connection to a power electronics, not shown.
- all contact pins (4) of the wave winding are arranged on the same axial side of the stator (1), whereby correspondingly the turning regions W of the hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") on the opposite axial side of the stator (1) are arranged.
- connection pins (5, 5 ') of the individual coil strands are provided in the example shown in each case in the radially outer layer of the wave winding and the connection pins (5, 5') of the two parallel coil strands per phase are each arranged in the same pole, whereby they Form connection areas A. Due to the arrangement in the radially outer position, a connection to the power electronics can take place in the radial direction, as a result of which no or only minimal installation space in the axial direction is required. As a result of the arrangement in the same pole, the connection pins (5) for the cathode and the connection pins (5 ') for the anode are each arranged directly adjacent in pairs.
- connection pins (5) of the parallel coil strands for the cathode and the connection pins (5 ') for the anode are offset one pole in the circumferential direction.
- connection pins (5, 5 ') of the respective phases in adjacent slots are provided in several phases, as in the illustrated example three phases, the areas of the circumference required for connection to the power electronics overlap and the correspondingly required installation space can be minimized become.
- FIG. 2 shows a partial region of the contact regions K with the connection pins (5, 5 ') of the stator (1) according to FIG. 1.
- the partial strands of the individual coil strands are electrically conductively connected by means of bridge elements (7, 7 ', 7 "), which are not shown in FIG. 1.
- the contact pins (4) of adjacent hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner, are positioned adjacent to each other by the forming by half a winding step.
- bridge elements (7, 7 ', 7 ) are due to the reversal of the winding direction and the retention of the deformation by half a winding step against the direction of the turning of the Hairpin (6, 6', 6"), in the circumferential direction spaced contact pins (4) of the two sub-strands of a coil strand connected together.
- the same length bridge elements (7) are used with a standard winding step corresponding length, through which each of the right and left grooves of the respective poles are connected.
- the bridge elements (7, 7 ', 7 ") are provided on the radially inner layer.
- these bridge elements (7, 7 ', 7 ") can naturally also be provided on the radially outer layer and the connection pins (5, 5') on the radially inner layer.
- a further change between the respectively right and left groove of the respective poles can be additionally effected by the use of different bridge elements (7 ', 7 "), whereby in each case one bridge element (7') with one the second Winding step corresponding length and a bridge element (7 ") are used with a length corresponding to the third winding step, be provided.
- a corresponding additional change is only meaningful for reasons of symmetry if the partial strands of the different double layers are provided differently, in particular with an unequal number of hairpins of the second and third variants.
- Fig. 3 shows a winding scheme for a first coil strand for a phase analogous to an example shown in Fig. 1, wherein an embodiment with only 48 Nuten (3) is shown. Furthermore, contrary to FIG. 2, bridge elements (7) having a same length corresponding to the standard winding step are provided on the radially inner layer.
- the conductor elements for a phase in the two grooves (3) per pole are numbered such that the number in each case a letter for the substring and a number for a continuous numbering of the hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") in Current flow direction, wherein the parallel coil strands are differentiated by capital letters or lower case letters.
- the conductor elements adjacent to the connection pins (5, 5 ') or, in other words, the corresponding first and last conductor elements of the coil strands are marked with arrows, the solid line arrow representing the first coil strand shown in FIG. 3 and the parallel second coil strand the phase marked with dashed lines arrow is marked.
- the individual partial strands for the first coil strand with the corresponding interconnection are shown.
- the sub-strands are each divided into blocks in the double layers corresponding blocks and the individual sub-strands per double layer are shown in separate lines.
- the sub-strands in the rows are shown as wavy lines which correspond to the hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 "), the upper wave portions being the contact areas K and the lower ones Shaft sections correspond to the turning portions W, and these two shaft sections each perform the winding step.
- the conductor elements are represented by the vertical sections of the wave-shaped line, wherein the positioning of the conductor element in the first or second layer of the double layer is indicated by differently inclined markings.
- connection pins (5, 5 ') and contact pins (4) of the hairpins (6, 6', 6 ") are shown in the upper section of the wave-shaped lines, with directly adjacent contact pins (4) within a sub-strand electrically conductive, for example by welding, are connected.
- Interconnected contact pins (4) of different partial strands are connected by corresponding arrows.
- the arrows between the individual double layers in this case represent a direct connection, for example by welding, the contact pins (4) of the corresponding hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ").
- the bridge element (7) is shown by the arrow within the last double layer. by which the partial strands are electrically connected to each other.
- a change from a left-hand groove (3) to a right-hand groove (3) takes place through the turning regions W, distributed over the circumference, by providing a hairpin (6 ') of the second variant.
- a hairpin (6 ") of the third variant is provided to change again from a right into a left-hand groove (3).
- hairpins (6) of the first variant are provided between the hairpins (6 ', 6 ") of the second and third variants. This achieves a high degree of symmetry, which reduces the losses.
- the hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") of different variants over the circumference is possible, such as directly adjacent hairpins (6', 6") of the second and third variants. te with attached hairpins (6) of the first variant.
- a largely symmetrical structure is preferred.
- the hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") are arranged with the same variant per winding direction in each case at the same position on the circumference, whereby a uniform structure of the winding head is achieved.
- the first coil strand as shown in FIG. 3, first passes through the radially outer double layer with the first partial strand.
- the first substring goes through a ing connection of the contact pins (4) in the second sub-strand, which runs in the same direction of the winding analogous to the first sub-strand through the next Dop- pellage.
- first the grooves (3) of the double layers are traversed with a same direction of the winding from radially outside to radially inside.
- the last contact pin (4) of, here third, sub-string in the radially inner layer is made by a bridge elements (7), the electrically conductive connection with the first contact pin (4) of the fourth sub-strand here.
- a reversal of the direction of the winding takes place via the bridge element.
- a winding step corresponding to the standard winding step from here 6 is performed by the bridge element (7).
- bridge elements (7, 7 ') with different winding steps corresponding to the second or third winding step are also possible in order to change from a left-hand groove into a right-hand groove.
- the fourth sub-strand which passes through the grooves in the radially inner double layer in the opposite direction, then passes into the fifth sub-strand, which also passes through the grooves in the adjacent double layer.
- the partial strands returning to the radially outer layer have an analogous structure to the abovementioned partial strands.
- the last hairpin of the sixth sub-string here has at its end, which also shows the end of the first coil strand, corresponding to the connection pin (5) for connection to the power electronics.
- FIG. 4 shows a winding scheme for a second coil strand for one phase according to the example shown in FIG. 1, which is connected in parallel with the first coil strand, analogous to that shown in FIG. 3.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment with 72 distributed over the circumference grooves (3), wherein not all grooves are shown.
- the illustration is constructed analogously to FIG. 2, wherein the second coil strand initially, starting from the connection pin (5 '), passes through the grooves (3) of the double layers to the radially inner double layer.
- the direction of the winding corresponds to the direction of the winding of the first coil strand.
- In the radially inner double layer of the change of the direction of the winding also takes place by a bridge element (7) on the side of the contact areas K.
- a change from a right-hand groove (3) to a left-hand groove (4) first takes place by means of a hairpin (6 ") of the third variant.
- a regular structure that is, a regular arrangement of hairpins (6, 6 ', 6 ") of different variants, preferably, in particular a largely symmetrical structure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018203469.9A DE102018203469A1 (de) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-03-08 | Wickelschema für eine elektrische Maschine |
PCT/EP2019/052831 WO2019170350A1 (fr) | 2018-03-08 | 2019-02-06 | Schéma d'enroulement pour une machine électrique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3763019A1 true EP3763019A1 (fr) | 2021-01-13 |
Family
ID=65279569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19703323.6A Pending EP3763019A1 (fr) | 2018-03-08 | 2019-02-06 | Schéma d'enroulement pour une machine électrique |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3763019A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102018203469A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019170350A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019215097A1 (de) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-01 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Spulenelement für eine elektrische Maschine |
DE102019215094A1 (de) | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-01 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Wickelschema für eine elektrische Maschine |
DE102020205351A1 (de) | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-28 | Vitesco Technologies Germany Gmbh | Stator für eine elektrische Maschine und elektrische Maschine mit einem Stator |
DE102020111826A1 (de) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | Valeo Siemens Eautomotive Germany Gmbh | Stator für eine elektrische Maschine und elektrische Maschine |
CN111555501B (zh) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-05-04 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | 一种定子组件、电机及机动车辆 |
DE102020113547A1 (de) | 2020-05-19 | 2021-11-25 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Stator für eine elektrische Maschine, elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stators |
DE102022102245A1 (de) | 2022-02-01 | 2023-08-03 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Stator, elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung wenigstens einer Wicklung |
DE102022113127A1 (de) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-30 | Roland KASPER | Wicklung, elektrische Maschine und Herstellungsverfahren |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5898251A (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1999-04-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method of making armature winding of double-layer concentric-wound or lap-winding type for dynamoelectric machine |
US6894417B2 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2005-05-17 | Remy Inc. | Multi-set rectangular copper hairpin windings for electric machines |
DE10326095A1 (de) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-04-15 | Denso Corp., Kariya | Spule aus sequentiell verbundenen Segmenten für eine rotierende elektrische Maschine |
US7005772B1 (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-02-28 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Stator winding having two slots per phase per pole |
US7622843B2 (en) | 2006-06-12 | 2009-11-24 | Rerry International, Inc. | Terminals and connections between multi-set segmented hairpin windings |
JP5948061B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-19 | 2016-07-06 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 回転電機、およびその回転電機を備えた車両 |
US9379586B2 (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2016-06-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Bar wound stator winding layout with long-pitched and short-pitched coils |
JP5896250B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-03-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 回転電機の固定子 |
DE102014223202A1 (de) | 2014-11-13 | 2016-05-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Wellenwicklung, Stator und elektrische Maschine |
-
2018
- 2018-03-08 DE DE102018203469.9A patent/DE102018203469A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-02-06 WO PCT/EP2019/052831 patent/WO2019170350A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2019-02-06 EP EP19703323.6A patent/EP3763019A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102018203469A1 (de) | 2019-09-12 |
WO2019170350A1 (fr) | 2019-09-12 |
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Inventor name: GRUEBEL, ANDRE Inventor name: WITTSTADT, RALF Inventor name: BRUECKNER, CHRISTIAN Inventor name: EBERT, MATTHIAS Inventor name: REUTER, STEFAN |
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