EP4038337B1 - Barrel unit for a firearm - Google Patents
Barrel unit for a firearm Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4038337B1 EP4038337B1 EP20775879.8A EP20775879A EP4038337B1 EP 4038337 B1 EP4038337 B1 EP 4038337B1 EP 20775879 A EP20775879 A EP 20775879A EP 4038337 B1 EP4038337 B1 EP 4038337B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- barrel
- unit according
- cam
- lugs
- locking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
- F41A21/484—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels using interlocking means, e.g. by sliding pins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
- F41A21/481—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels using partial or interrupted threads, e.g. bayonet-type mountings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
- F41A21/487—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels using friction, e.g. by clamping a barrel surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to a barrel unit for a firearm comprising a barrel and a locking sleeve, which are releasably connected to one another and subsequently to the housing, usually the upper part of the housing, and the connection of the two parts, according to the preamble of claim 1 and the EP 1 750 079 A1 .
- the EP 1 750 079 A1 discloses a barrel unit for a firearm, comprising a barrel with a barrel core axis, a muzzle and a barrel end opposite the muzzle, on which at least two barrel lugs are formed, with a locking sleeve with a barrel receptacle and a first end and a second end, being at the first end inwardly extending locking lugs are formed to cooperate with a breech and inwardly extending barrel locking lugs are formed closer to the second end than the locking lugs.
- firearms is understood to mean, in addition to carbines, repeating rifles, rifles, long guns, and the like. In principle, it can also mean handguns, but for reasons of easier readability, we usually only refer to carbines.
- a barrel unit which includes at least the barrel and locking sleeve.
- the running unit in turn can be connected to the housing, for example by means of a running nut, clamping mechanism, etc.
- a common way to couple a barrel to a locking sleeve is through threaded connections.
- the barrel has an external thread at the muzzle end, and the locking sleeve also has a corresponding internal thread.
- the barrel can simply be screwed into the locking sleeve.
- the barrel can be secured against twisting using, for example, cross bolts or grub screws, etc., as shown in the GB 268 996 A is known.
- Such a coupling between the barrel and the locking sleeve can be found, for example, in rifles of the M4 / M16 / AR15 type.
- Another known variant for coupling the barrel and locking sleeve takes place using the principle of locking lugs, as is known from rotary head locks, for example.
- Corresponding barrel lugs are formed on the outside of the barrel in the circumferential direction; the locking sleeve has identical barrel locking lugs directed inward. After inserting the barrel into the locking sleeve, the barrel is rotated, bringing the barrel lugs and barrel locking lugs into alignment when viewed in the axial direction. The barrel and locking sleeve are thus secured in the axial direction.
- the barrel can be secured against twisting, for example using a cross bolt or grub screw, etc.
- the barrel unit which consists at least of a barrel and a locking sleeve, has a barrel that begins on the outer surface at the barrel end and is at least partially in Circumferential direction includes control path extending around the barrel axis.
- the control path comprises at least two sections, the first section beginning at the end of the barrel and extending parallel to the barrel core axis and the second section extending in the circumferential direction, and the second section having a clamping surface for clamping a control cam arranged on the locking sleeve.
- Clamping surface and control cam (or the surface of the control cam facing the clamping surface) are designed to complement each other in shape.
- the second section may be directly connected to the first section, or a third connecting section may be provided therebetween.
- the control cam comes to rest in a predefined end position, the control cam being prestressed in the radial direction towards the barrel core axis and the barrel being fixed in the locking sleeve.
- the predefined end position therefore corresponds to a position of the barrel that is ready to fire and temporarily secured against rotation.
- the barrel is therefore relatively easy to insert into the locking sleeve and can be rotated into the predefined end position, in which the barrel is firmly and releasably connected to the locking sleeve, i.e. coupled, by clamping the control cam on the clamping surface.
- This advantageous design allows the barrel and locking sleeve to be connected to one another simply by inserting them into one another and twisting them into the predefined end position.
- the barrel In a predefined end position, the barrel can transfer the forces that occur when the shot is fired to the locking sleeve, which in turn is firmly connected to the housing. While with a threaded connection the alignment in the circumferential direction depends heavily on how far the barrel is screwed into the locking sleeve, any deviations in the hit position in the horizontal and/or vertical direction can be minimized in the manner mentioned above.
- the hit position for a specific barrel is now determined and the firearm is thus "shot in” at a distance, repeatable positioning of the barrel in the circumferential direction can be achieved even after the firearm has been dismantled using the predefined end position. If necessary and by twisting in the opposite direction
- the barrel can be released from the locking sleeve relatively easily. No tools are required to connect and disconnect the barrel and locking sleeve.
- the prestressed fixation of the control cam on the clamping surface can be carried out, for example, by spring preloading a spring of the control cam.
- the control cam can also be made of an elastic material. However, it is also possible to reverse the direction of action and, for example, to design the clamping surface (or even clamping surface and control cam) as a spring-loaded element.
- the clamping surface is designed as a ramp when viewed in the running direction. Viewed in the running direction, the clamping surface at one end has a different normal distance from the barrel core axis than the other end. This allows a stepless transition from the control path to the clamping surface to be achieved and the barrel can be turned particularly easily into a predefined end position. Furthermore, the clamping effect can increase in a defined manner when twisting by appropriately designing the ramp shape and/or slope, and is therefore easily noticeable by the operator.
- the ramp of the clamping surface viewed towards the end of the control path, is designed to rise linearly outwards in the radial direction.
- the clamping surface therefore increases linearly in the circumferential direction and outwards, which is advantageous in terms of production technology.
- the second section of the control path can be curved when viewed in the direction of travel, for example with at least two different curve lines, for example S-shaped.
- the clamping effect when twisting can be specifically preset by a person skilled in the art using such a measure and, for example, defined to different degrees depending on the angle of twist and/or optimized for particularly long barrels with a corresponding weight.
- the clamping surface is a curved surface, for example as a concave surface relative to the running surface. This allows the clamping effect to be particularly optimized.
- the profile of the surface appears curved and can be seen from Transition area to the first or possible third section up to the end of the clamping surface, for example, has an inwardly directed curvature or rises discontinuously outwards. In this way, it is even possible to design this concave surface to be similar to a rest, which makes it particularly easy for the operator to recognize that the predefined end position has been reached.
- a catch is formed on the clamping surface for cooperation with the control cam or a catch extension of the control cam.
- the catch can, for example, be designed as a small recess in the middle of the clamping surface.
- a correspondingly complementary locking extension on the control cam can engage in this lock when the predefined end position is reached and thus defines the end point of the twisting movement. This makes it particularly easy for the user to see when the predefined end position has been reached.
- the stop can also be designed as a small step at the beginning of the clamping surface, which interacts with the control cam.
- the catch can also be designed as an end stop at the end of the control path.
- an end stop can be formed on the clamping surface. This end stop limits the possible movement of the control cam in the second section of the control path in the circumferential direction. This means that the predefined end position is particularly easy for the user to recognize, namely when the end stop is reached.
- first section and the second section of the control path are connected to one another by means of a connecting section or preferably directly.
- This shape of the control path, or its first section is particularly easy to produce, since, for example, only one groove running linearly to the rear and one groove in the circumferential direction need to be milled.
- This also has an advantageous effect when guiding the barrel and locking sleeve into one another, since the barrel and locking sleeve can be inserted straight into one another and twisted and the predefined end position can thus be reached.
- the second section of the control path is designed at right angles to a straight line parallel to the barrel axis. After being guided into one another, the barrel and locking sleeve only need to be twisted against each other in order to reach the predefined end position.
- a second section designed in this way can also be produced very easily as a linear groove in the circumferential direction, for example by milling, and essentially corresponds to an “L-shape” when viewed from the outside in plan view.
- a particularly favorably designed design of the running unit can have a first distance between two adjacent running lugs that is larger than a second distance between two adjacent running lugs.
- the first distance can essentially correspond to the width of the control cam.
- the width of the control cam must be smaller than the first distance and should be larger than the second distance.
- control cam is arranged in the locking sleeve using a control cam holder.
- the control cam can be connected to the control cam holder as a unit, i.e. as its own “sub-assembly”. be designed, which is thus installed together and simultaneously in the locking sleeve. This is advantageous in production and handling.
- control cam is formed integrally on the control cam holder. This reduces the number of parts and accordingly simplifies production and reduces manufacturing costs. Assembly is quicker and easily lost parts are avoided.
- control cam can be manufactured integrally on the control cam holder, for example as a stamped sheet metal part.
- control cam holder is designed as a spring, particularly preferably as a leaf spring, and biases the control cam in a predefined end position against the clamping surface.
- a leaf spring can be arranged in the locking sleeve even if there is little space; leaf springs are generally highly resilient and particularly wear-resistant.
- the spring preload results in a particularly high clamping effect in the predefined end position, which has a particularly advantageous effect in the operation of the firearm
- control cam holder can be self-clamping and releasably connected to the locking sleeve in the working position.
- the self-clamping is achieved through tight tolerances between the control cam holder and the locking sleeve and allows connection without connecting elements such as screws, etc. and if necessary, the control cam holder can be released from the locking sleeve and replaced.
- small lateral extensions can be formed on the control cam holder, which are placed in a corresponding retaining groove in the locking sleeve. Self-clamping is achieved due to the close tolerance between the extension and the retaining groove.
- a holder stop is formed on the control cam holder to engage in an indentation on the locking sleeve in order to secure the control cam holder in the working position in the locking sleeve.
- the control cam holder is secured in this way against axial displacement and thus against loss from the locking sleeve.
- a further aspect of the invention is that the barrel has an indentation which can interact with an additional anti-rotation element of complementary shape.
- additional anti-rotation protection of the barrel can be implemented, for example, by means of a bolt located transversely to the barrel core axis.
- the additional anti-rotation element is designed as a cam of a clamping lever, which is designed to complement the indentation.
- the indentation can, for example, be designed as a flattened area in the barrel.
- the cam can be designed to be flattened in the transverse direction and/or running direction. In this way, upon contact between the barrel and the cam, force is transmitted in a linear or flat manner, which results in improved anti-twist protection. This is particularly advantageous in designs that already connect the locking sleeve to the housing using a clamping mechanism with a clamping lever.
- the cam and the flat are spatially separated from one another by a gap, the gap preferably having a width of 0.02 mm to 0.4 mm, particularly preferably 0.10 mm to 0.20 mm .
- the gap ensures that the barrel swings freely and is not undesirably distorted by the cam.
- the anti-twist protection only works if the barrel is actually twisted.
- the invention is suitable for firearms, including pistols, but will be explained below using a carbine. Further components of the firearm, such as the barrel, cartridge chamber, locking sleeve, locking lugs, magazine or stock are not explained in more detail here, as they do not relate to the core of the invention and the person skilled in the art with knowledge of the invention, if at all necessary or desired, Can make modifications simply based on his expertise.
- the weapon has a central plane running through the barrel axis and oriented vertically, which forms a plane of symmetry, cum grano salis.
- the forward running direction is indicated by arrow 91
- the normal upward direction is indicated by arrow 93
- the transverse direction to the left is indicated by arrow 92
- Fig. 1 a is a schematic representation of a firearm and has a barrel 1 with barrel axis 11 and muzzle 14, a housing 2 with upper housing part 21 and lower housing part 22, a forend 81, a trigger 82, a magazine 83, a handle 84 and a shaft 85.
- Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the barrel unit according to the invention as an exploded view, with a mouth 14 at the front end of the barrel 1 and barrel lugs 15 at the rear barrel.
- locking lugs 31 are formed at the first, rear end, which can interact with a lock.
- a control cam holder 321 with control cam 36 can be connected to the locking sleeve.
- the running unit can be firmly connected to the housing 2 by means of a clamping device 4 with a clamping lever 40 and cam 41.
- the Fig. 3 shows a partially cut-out 3D view of a locking sleeve 3 according to the invention, which, as an elongated body, has a substantially cylindrical opening formed along the longitudinal axis and which can accommodate the barrel 1 and the breech head of a firearm.
- the cylindrical opening extends from a first end of the locking sleeve to a second end and includes a barrel receptacle 33 which extends from the second end towards the first end and which borders a locking space 32.
- inwardly extending locking lugs 31 corresponding to the prior art and a locking space 32 extending behind them, extending in the direction of the second end, are formed in the cylindrical opening, which are equipped with a lock (not shown), for example a rotary head lock and its locking head. can work together.
- barrel locking lugs 35 are formed on the barrel receptacle 33, which are arranged closer to the second (front) end of the locking sleeve than the locking lugs 31.
- the barrel locking lugs 35 can interact with shape-complementary barrel lugs 15 of a barrel 1 and In this way, the barrel 1 and the locking sleeve 3 are firmly coupled to one another in the axial direction.
- a control cam 36 is formed on the locking sleeve 3 and extends inwards into the barrel receptacle 33 and can be arranged closer to the second end than the barrel locking lugs 35.
- the control cam 36 is preferably designed as a separate part or on a separate part and is spring-loaded.
- the control cam 36 is arranged on a control cam holder 321 or is formed integrally therewith.
- the control cam 36 with control cam holder 321 is arranged, for example, in a holder recess 322 in the locking sleeve 3.
- the control cam 36 can preferably be spring-biased, for example in that the control cam holder 321 is designed as a leaf spring.
- control cam can be designed as a spring-loaded pressure piece or as a bolt with a compression spring, or as an elastic element. It is also conceivable to arrange the control cam holder 321 in the locking sleeve 3 in a spring-loaded manner.
- a clamping device 4 with a clamping lever 40 and a cam 41 lying on it - in the closed state - can be seen.
- the barrel unit comprising barrel 1 and locking sleeve 3
- the housing 2 usually the upper housing part 21, by means of a clamping device 4.
- the cocking lever 40 is oriented forward, the cam 41 passes through a recess 371 in the locking sleeve and partially protrudes into the barrel receptacle 33.
- Figs. 4a and b show a barrel 1 according to the invention of a firearm comprising a muzzle 14, a barrel bore 13 running along the barrel core axis and barrel lugs 15 formed on the barrel end, which can cooperate with the barrel locking lugs 35 of the locking sleeve.
- a control path 16 starting at the end of the barrel is shown, which has a first section that runs essentially parallel to the barrel core axis and along the barrel surface in the direction of the mouth 14 and which protrudes through the barrel lugs.
- the control path 16 further has a second section at its end, which is remote from the end of the barrel, which is oriented in the circumferential direction and thus normal to the barrel core axis.
- the first section and the second section can be connected to one another, preferably directly, or can also be connected via a third section (connecting section), not shown.
- a clamping surface 161 is formed on the second section, which ends at the end of the control path 16.
- a flattening 151 formed on the barrel 1 can also be seen; a more detailed description of this and the interaction with a tensioning lever 40 can be found in Fig. 5a described.
- Fig. 5a shows the barrel 1 with barrel bore 12 and the control path 16 with its first section as well as the clamping surface 161 located on the second section of the control path 16, which in a predefined end position with the control cam 36 of complementary shape, or the surface facing the clamping surface 161 in a predefined end position Control cam 36, cooperates and connects barrel 1 with locking sleeve 3 firmly and releasably.
- the clamping surface 161 is designed as a ramp, preferably a flat ramp, which lies parallel to the barrel axis 11.
- the inclination of the clamping surface can be described by the ratio of the first normal distance 165 to the second normal distance 166 on the barrel axis 11 and the angle ⁇ 167 between the first and second normal distance, whereby the first normal distance 165 corresponds to the shortest distance from the clamping surface 161 to the barrel axis 11 and the second normal distance 166 is the longest Distance.
- the clamping surface 161 is designed to rise linearly outwards towards the end of the control path 16, so it has a uniformly linear gradient.
- the clamping surface 161 can be curved when viewed in the running direction 91 or flat, curved clamping surfaces are also possible.
- the slope or shape of the clamping surface can be progressive or concave, degressive or convex, or S-shaped, etc. when viewed in the running direction.
- the clamping surface 161 can have a catch for locking the control cam 36.
- This catch can, for example, be arranged in the middle of the clamping surface.
- the control cam 36 can optionally have a corresponding locking extension, with the control cam 36 or the locking extension being designed to complement the locking shape.
- the clamping surface 161 can also have an end stop at its end (at the end of the control path 16), which limits the movement of the control cam 36 in the second section of the control path 16, as shown in FIGS Figures 4 and 5 is very clearly visible. It is also possible for the clamping surface 161 to be designed in its entirety as a catch for the control cam, which has a complementary shape.
- the first section of the control path 16 is preferably designed as a surface parallel to the barrel axis.
- the second section of the control path 16 preferably borders directly on the first section.
- the second section is preferably designed in such a way that its projection in the direction of the normal to the barrel axis 11 is at a right angle to the barrel axis 11.
- the Fig. 5b shows the cross section through the barrel lugs 15. It is clearly visible that the barrel lugs 15 (as well as the correspondingly designed barrel locking lugs 35 of the locking sleeve 3) are arranged evenly on the circumference of the barrel.
- an exemplary embodiment is shown with running lugs 15 arranged essentially symmetrically when viewed in the running direction. Only two and mutually adjacent running lugs 15 have a first width 153, which is smaller than the second width 154 of all other running lugs 15. Likewise, the first distance 151 between these two adjacent running lugs is larger than the second Distance 152 between all other running lugs 15.
- the width of the control cam 36 essentially corresponds to the first distance 151.
- running lugs 15 are formed at the end of the barrel in two rows one behind the other (and correspondingly two rows of eight barrel locking lugs 35 each in the locking sleeve 3), the running lugs 15 and the barrel locking lugs are preferably of the same width.
- the invention can also be carried out with a different, smaller or larger number of barrel lugs 15 and corresponding barrel locking lugs 35.
- the widths of the running lugs can be the same and, in accordance with the embodiment described above, the first and second distances 151, 152 can be achieved by appropriately arranging the running lugs 15 in the circumferential direction.
- the barrel 1 is pushed with the barrel end first into the barrel receptacle 33 of the locking sleeve 3 and the control cam 36 is brought into alignment with the first distance 151 by turning.
- the barrel 1 can now be brought further into the locking sleeve guided by the control cam 36 in the control path 16. If the control cam 36 is at the end of the first section of the control path 16, the control cam can be clamped against the clamping surface by rotating the barrel 1 and the predefined end position is thus reached.
- the barrel lugs 15 and barrel locking lugs 35 overlap to accommodate the forces that occur when a shot is fired from the barrel to the locking sleeve and subsequently to that Forward the housing of the firearm.
- the barrel 1 is firmly and releasably connected to one another with the locking sleeve 3, i.e. coupled.
- Fig. 6a shows a longitudinal section of the barrel unit according to the invention with clamping device 4 along the weapon center plane, with the barrel 1 in the barrel receptacle 33 of the locking sleeve 3 in a predefined end position.
- the barrel lugs 15 and barrel locking lugs 35 are covered in the axial direction; a cartridge can be pushed into the cartridge chamber 13 via the locking space 32.
- the control cam 36 formed on a control cam holder 321 is clamped against the clamping surface 161, the control cam holder 321 preferably being designed as a leaf spring and being arranged in a holder recess 322.
- a clamping device 4 with a clamping lever 40 and handle 43 can be used to firmly connect the running unit to a housing 2 (not shown) and is in a ready-to-fire state.
- the cam 41 engages through the recess 371, the associated detailed section marked IX is in Fig. 9 shown.
- the corresponding cross section corresponding to the section plane XX is in Fig. 10 shown.
- the cross section corresponding to the section plane VI-VI is in Fig. 6b shown
- Fig. 6b shows in addition to Fig.6a the running unit in a predefined end position with clamping device 4 in cross section along the section plane VI-VI Fig. 6a .
- the clamping device 4 comprises clamping levers 40 and a clamping element 48.
- the control cam is spring-biased upwards by the control cam holder 321, which is designed as a leaf spring, and presses on the clamping surface 161.
- the coupling can be released by turning the barrel 1 counterclockwise.
- Clamping surface 161 and control cam 36 (or the surface of control cam 36 facing the clamping surface 161) are designed to be complementary in shape to one another, preferably parallel. It is clearly visible that when twisting beyond the predefined end position (clockwise), due to the radial spring preload, the barrel automatically rotates back to the predefined end position, i.e. positioning itself (with repeat accuracy).
- the Fig. 7a shows the locking sleeve 3 with control cam holder 321 in the working position in a bottom view.
- the control cam holder 321 has four holder extensions 324, which are designed to be essentially complementary in shape to the holder guides 323 of the holder recess 322.
- the control cam holder 321 can be placed in the holder recess and pushed backwards against the running direction 91 into its working position.
- holding grooves 328 are formed in the locking sleeve, with the holder extensions 324 being guided in the holding grooves 328 with a very narrow tolerance when the control cam holder 321 is in the working position, as a result of which the control bolt holder 321 is connected to the locking sleeve in a self-clamping manner.
- the control cam holder 321 can have a holder stop 327, which engages in an indentation 326.
- a temporary intermediate locking in the assembly position can also take place at a second indentation 326.
- an indentation 115 on the barrel 1, which interacts with an element of complementary shape that additionally secures against rotation is possible to implement such an additional anti-rotation device (for barrel 1 and locking sleeve 3) by means of a bolt arranged in the locking sleeve 3 or in the housing 2 and lying transversely to the barrel core axis, which engages in the indentation.
- FIG. 9 is a detailed view IX Fig. 6a shown, furthermore is in Fig. 10a the cross section along the cutting plane XX in Fig. 6a shown in Fig. 10b the corresponding detail section Xb.
- a preferred, additional anti-rotation element namely a cam 41 with an indentation of the barrel 1, preferably designed as a flat 115
- the barrel unit with barrel 1 and locking sleeve 3 is firmly connected to a housing 2, not shown, in a predefined end position and with a clamping device 4.
- the clamping device 4 comprises a tensioning lever 40, which in the clamped and therefore ready-to-fire state is oriented essentially parallel to the barrel axis 11.
- a cam 41 formed on the cocking lever extends upwards in the normal direction 93, starting from the cocking lever, when viewed in the closed position, and engages through the recess 371 of the locking sleeve 3 and projects into the barrel receptacle 33.
- the barrel 1 has a flattening 115 on a side facing the cam 41 when ready to fire. Depending on the shape of the cam 41, other recesses with complementary shapes can also be formed.
- the barrel 1 should be spaced from the tip of the cam 41 by a gap 416 in the area of the flat 115 in the ready-to-fire position, see also Fig. 10b .
- the barrel 1 in the locking sleeve 3 is additionally secured against twisting, but is not undesirably clamped.
- the cam 41 is disengaged from the flat 115 of the barrel 1 and accordingly the barrel can be rotated from the predefined end position and released from the locking sleeve.
- the cocking lever 40 can only be closed when the barrel 1 is aligned in a predetermined position in the locking sleeve 3.
- a type of “end position control” of the barrel 1 can thus be achieved in a simple manner. It has proven to be advantageous if the gap 416 - if provided - is only a few hundredths of a millimeter, preferably 0.02 to 0.40 mm, particularly preferably from 0.10 to 0.20, as can also be seen from detail Xb Fig. 10a in Fig. 10b emerges well.
- Fig. 11 shows another preferred embodiment of the running unit according to the invention as an exploded view.
- the control cam holder 321 is designed as a resilient leaf designed and arranged transversely to the barrel core axis 11, normal to the weapon center plane, and, viewed in the barrel direction 91, lying above the barrel.
- the control cam 36 is formed in the middle of the control cam holder 321.
- the control cam holder 321 can be connected to the locking sleeve 3, for example by means of screws. This illustration serves to illustrate that the position and design of the control cam 36 or the control cam holder 321 on the locking sleeve 3 can be optimized by a person skilled in the art in a relatively simple manner in accordance with the previously mentioned teaching.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but can be modified and designed in various ways.
- the shapes and sectional shapes shown of the weapon parts mentioned in particular the barrel, control path, barrel lugs, locking sleeve, barrel locking lugs, control cam, control cam holder, cocking lever, distances, widths, recesses, etc. can be adapted to the specified basic data, including the lengths and the positions relative to one another and with regard to the housing can be easily adapted by a person skilled in the art given knowledge of the invention.
- equivalent designs are obvious given knowledge of the invention and can be easily carried out by a person skilled in the art.
- the embodiments mentioned are to be applied mutatis mutandis to embodiments with the reverse direction of action of the clamping surface and control cam, or a preload of both elements.
- substantially means a deviation of up to 10% of the specified value, if physically possible, both downwards and upwards, otherwise only in the sensible direction Degrees (angle and temperature), and determinations such as “parallel” or “normal” are meant ⁇ 10°.
- degrees angle and temperature
- determinations such as “parallel” or “normal” are meant ⁇ 10°.
- a “substantially L-shaped cross section” comprises two elongated surfaces, each of which merges into the end of the other surface at one end, and whose longitudinal extent is arranged at an angle of 45° to 120° to one another.
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- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Laufeinheit für eine Feuerwaffe umfassend einen Lauf und eine Verriegelungshülse, die lösbar miteinander und in weiterer Folge mit dem Gehäuse, zumeist dem Gehäuseoberteil, verbunden sind, und die Verbindung der beiden Teile, entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 und der
Die
Eine ähnliche Verbindung ist aus der
Unter der Bezeichnung Feuerwaffen werden in der Anmeldung und den Ansprüchen neben Karabinern auch Repetiergewehre, Gewehre, Langwaffen, und dergleichen verstanden, es können grundsätzlich auch Handfeuerwaffen gemeint sein, aus Gründen der leichteren Lesbarkeit wird aber meist nur von Karabinern gesprochen.In the application and the claims, the term firearms is understood to mean, in addition to carbines, repeating rifles, rifles, long guns, and the like. In principle, it can also mean handguns, but for reasons of easier readability, we usually only refer to carbines.
Es wird in den letzten Jahren vom Militär und der Polizei aber auch von zivilen Nutzern zunehmend gefordert, dass es möglich sein muss, den Lauf eines Karabiners ohne großen Aufwand zu tauschen. Dies kann beispielsweise geschehen, um Läufe unterschiedlicher Länge einsetzen zu können, oder auch Läufe mit unterschiedlichem Kaliber, bei denen die Laufachse, die Seele, bei jedem Kaliber ihre Lage im Gehäuse(-oberteil) beibehält. In letzterem Fall müssen gegebenenfalls auch Änderungen im Gehäuseunterteil vorgenommen werden, doch ist dies nicht Teil der Erfindung.In recent years, the military and police, as well as civilian users, have increasingly demanded that it be possible to change the barrel of a carbine without much effort. This can be done, for example, in order to be able to use barrels of different lengths, or barrels with different calibers, in which the barrel axis, the barrel, maintains its position in the housing (upper part) for each caliber. In the latter case, changes may also have to be made to the lower part of the housing, but this is not part of the invention.
Entsprechend weisen moderne Feuerwaffen häufig eine Laufeinheit auf, welche zumindest Lauf und Verriegelungshülse umfasst. Die Laufeinheit wiederum kann mit dem Gehäuse z.B. mittels Laufmutter, Klemmmechanismus, etc. verbunden sein.Accordingly, modern firearms often have a barrel unit, which includes at least the barrel and locking sleeve. The running unit in turn can be connected to the housing, for example by means of a running nut, clamping mechanism, etc.
Eine übliche Variante, einen Lauf mit einer Verriegelungshülse zu koppeln, sind Gewindeverbindungen. Der Lauf weist am mündungsiernen Laufende ein Außengewinde auf, ebenso hat die Verriegelungshülse ein entsprechendes Innengewinde. Zur Kopplung kann der Lauf einfach in die Verriegelungshülse eingeschraubt werden. Die Sicherung des Laufs gegen Verdrehen kann z.B. mittels Querbolzen oder Madenschraube etc. erfolgen, wie aus der
Eine weitere bekannte Variante zur Kopplung von Lauf und Verriegelungshülse erfolgt mittels Prinzip von Verriegelungswarzen, wie es von z.B. Drehkopfverschlüssen her bekannt ist. Am Laufende sind außenseitig in Umfangsrichtung entsprechende Laufwarzen ausgebildet, die Verriegelungshülse weist gegengleiche nach innen gerichtete Laufverriegelungswarzen auf. Nach Einschieben des Laufs in die Verriegelungshülse wird der Lauf verdreht wodurch die Laufwarzen und Laufverriegelungswarzen in Axialrichtung gesehen in Überdeckung gebracht werden. Lauf und Verriegelungshülse sind somit in Axialrichtung gesichert. Eine Sicherung gegen Verdrehen des Laufs kann wiederum z.B. mittels Querbolzen oder Madenschraube etc. erfolgen.Another known variant for coupling the barrel and locking sleeve takes place using the principle of locking lugs, as is known from rotary head locks, for example. Corresponding barrel lugs are formed on the outside of the barrel in the circumferential direction; the locking sleeve has identical barrel locking lugs directed inward. After inserting the barrel into the locking sleeve, the barrel is rotated, bringing the barrel lugs and barrel locking lugs into alignment when viewed in the axial direction. The barrel and locking sleeve are thus secured in the axial direction. The barrel can be secured against twisting, for example using a cross bolt or grub screw, etc.
Als Beispiel, welches diesem Verriegelungsprinzip folgt, sei das Steyr AUG genannt, wobei hier die Verriegelungshülse als Teil des Gehäuse/Verschluss ausgebildet ist. Die Sicherung erfolgt hier über einen im Gehäuse liegenden Querbolzen, der insbesondere bei ungünstiger Witterung nur schwer zu bedienen ist.An example that follows this locking principle is the Steyr AUG, where the locking sleeve is designed as part of the housing/closure. Securing here is done via a cross bolt located in the housing, which is difficult to use, especially in unfavorable weather.
Die bisher bekannten Anordnungen zur Laufbefestigung weisen eine mehr oder wenige gute Eignung auf, den Lauf in einer vordefinierten Lage wiederholgenau in der Verriegelungshülse und somit relativ zum Gehäuse der Feuerwaffe zu positionieren.The previously known arrangements for barrel fastening have a more or less good suitability for positioning the barrel in a predefined position with repeatable accuracy in the locking sleeve and thus relative to the housing of the firearm.
Es ist daher Ziel der Erfindung, eine mechanisch fest verbundene Laufeinheit umfassend Lauf und Verriegelungshülse zu schaffen. Weiters ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung einen möglichst einfach durchführbaren und werkzeuglosen Laufwechsel zu ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus ist es Aufgabe und Ziel der Erfindung eine Einbausituation zu erreichen, in der der Lauf in der Einbausituation gegen Verdrehen gesichert ist. Überdies wird es als Aufgabe gesehen eine wiederholgenaue Positionierung des Laufs relativ zum Gehäuse zu ermöglichen. Nicht zuletzt ist es ein Ziel eine vereinfachte und dadurch kostenreduzierte Fertigung zu ermöglichen.It is therefore the aim of the invention to create a mechanically firmly connected running unit comprising a barrel and a locking sleeve. Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to enable a barrel change that can be carried out as easily as possible and without tools. Furthermore, it is the object and aim of the invention to achieve an installation situation in which the barrel is secured against rotation in the installation situation. Furthermore, it is seen as a task to enable repeatable positioning of the barrel relative to the housing. Last but not least, one goal is to enable simplified and therefore cost-reduced production.
Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Ziele durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmale erreicht, mit anderen Worten dadurch, dass die Laufeinheit, welche zumindest aus Lauf und Verriegelungshülse besteht, am Lauf einen an der Außenfläche am Laufende beginnenden und sich zumindest teilweise in Umfangsrichtung um die Laufseelenachse erstreckenden Steuerweg umfasst. Der Steuerweg umfasst zumindest zwei Abschnitte, wobei der erste Abschnitt am Laufende beginnt und sich parallel zur Laufseelenachse und der zweite Abschnitt in Umfangsrichtung erstreckt und der zweite Abschnitt eine Klemmfläche zur Verspannung einer an der Verriegelungshülse angeordneten Steuernocke aufweist. Klemmfläche und Steuernocke (bzw. die der Klemmfläche zugewandte Fläche der Steuernocke) sind zueinander formkomplementär ausgebildet. Der zweite Abschnitt kann mit dem ersten Abschnitt direkt verbunden sein, oder es kann ein dritter Verbindungsabschnitt dazwischen vorgesehen sein.According to the invention, these goals are achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of
Die Steuernocke kommt nach Verdrehung in den zweiten Abschnitt in einer vordefinierten Endlage zu liegen, wobei die Steuernocke in radialer Richtung in Richtung Laufseelenachse vorgespannt ist und der Lauf in der Verriegelungshülse fixiert ist. Die vordefinierte Endlage entspricht somit einer schussbereiten und gegen Verdrehung zeitweilig gesicherten Position des Laufs. Der Lauf ist dadurch in die Verriegelungshülse relativ einfach einführbar und kann in die vordefinierte Endlage verdreht werden, in welcher der Lauf durch Verspannung der Steuernocke an der Klemmfläche mit der Verriegelungshülse fest und lösbar verbunden, also gekoppelt ist.After rotation in the second section, the control cam comes to rest in a predefined end position, the control cam being prestressed in the radial direction towards the barrel core axis and the barrel being fixed in the locking sleeve. The predefined end position therefore corresponds to a position of the barrel that is ready to fire and temporarily secured against rotation. The barrel is therefore relatively easy to insert into the locking sleeve and can be rotated into the predefined end position, in which the barrel is firmly and releasably connected to the locking sleeve, i.e. coupled, by clamping the control cam on the clamping surface.
Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausführung können Lauf und Verriegelungshülse einfach durch Ineinanderstecken und Verdrehen in die vordefinierte Endlage miteinander verbunden werden. In vordefinierter Endlage kann der Lauf die bei der Schussabgabe auftretenden Kräfte an die Verriegelungshülse weiterleiten, welche wiederum fest mit dem Gehäuse verbunden ist. Während bei einer Gewindeverbindung die Ausrichtung in Umfangsrichtung stark davon abhängt wie weit der Lauf in der Verriegelungshülse eingeschraubt ist, können etwaige Abweichungen in der Trefferlage in Horizontal- und/oder Vertikalrichtung auf die zuvor genannte Weise minimiert werden.This advantageous design allows the barrel and locking sleeve to be connected to one another simply by inserting them into one another and twisting them into the predefined end position. In a predefined end position, the barrel can transfer the forces that occur when the shot is fired to the locking sleeve, which in turn is firmly connected to the housing. While with a threaded connection the alignment in the circumferential direction depends heavily on how far the barrel is screwed into the locking sleeve, any deviations in the hit position in the horizontal and/or vertical direction can be minimized in the manner mentioned above.
Wird nun die Trefferlage für einen bestimmten Lauf ermittelt und die Feuerwaffe somit auf eine Distanz "eingeschossen", kann auch nach der Zerlegung der Feuerwaffe durch die vordefinierte Endlage eine wiederholgenaue Positionierung des Laufs in Umfangsrichtung erzielt werden. Bei Bedarf und durch Verdrehen in die Gegenrichtung kann der Lauf relativ einfach von der Verriegelungshülse gelöst werden. Es ist kein Werkzeug zum Verbinden und Lösen von Lauf und Verriegelungshülse erforderlich. Die vorgespannte Fixierung der Steuernocke an der Klemmfläche kann beispielsweise durch Federvorspannung einer Feder der Steuernocke erfolgen. Die Steuernocke kann aber auch aus einem elastischen Material gefertigt sein. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Wirkrichtung umzukehren und z.B. die Klemmfläche (oder sogar Klemmfläche und Steuernocke) als gefedertes Element auszuführen.If the hit position for a specific barrel is now determined and the firearm is thus "shot in" at a distance, repeatable positioning of the barrel in the circumferential direction can be achieved even after the firearm has been dismantled using the predefined end position. If necessary and by twisting in the opposite direction The barrel can be released from the locking sleeve relatively easily. No tools are required to connect and disconnect the barrel and locking sleeve. The prestressed fixation of the control cam on the clamping surface can be carried out, for example, by spring preloading a spring of the control cam. The control cam can also be made of an elastic material. However, it is also possible to reverse the direction of action and, for example, to design the clamping surface (or even clamping surface and control cam) as a spring-loaded element.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführung ist die Klemmfläche in Laufrichtung betrachtet als Rampe ausgebildet. In Laufrichtung betrachtet weist die Klemmfläche an einem Ende einen anderen Normalabstand zur Laufseelenachse als das andere Ende auf. Dadurch kann ein stufenloser Übergang vom Steuerweg zur Klemmfläche erreicht werden und der Lauf kann besonders leicht in eine vordefinierte Endlage verdreht werden. Weiters kann die Klemmwirkung bei Verdrehen durch entsprechende Gestaltung der Rampenform und/oder -steigung definiert zunehmen, und ist somit vom Bediener gut wahrnehmbar.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the clamping surface is designed as a ramp when viewed in the running direction. Viewed in the running direction, the clamping surface at one end has a different normal distance from the barrel core axis than the other end. This allows a stepless transition from the control path to the clamping surface to be achieved and the barrel can be turned particularly easily into a predefined end position. Furthermore, the clamping effect can increase in a defined manner when twisting by appropriately designing the ramp shape and/or slope, and is therefore easily noticeable by the operator.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung ist die Rampe der Klemmfläche in Richtung Ende des Steuerwegs betrachtet in radialer Richtung linear nach außen ansteigend ausgebildet. Die Klemmfläche steigt also linear in Umfangsrichtung und nach außen an, was fertigungstechnisch vorteilhaft ist.In a further advantageous embodiment, the ramp of the clamping surface, viewed towards the end of the control path, is designed to rise linearly outwards in the radial direction. The clamping surface therefore increases linearly in the circumferential direction and outwards, which is advantageous in terms of production technology.
In einer wiederum besonders vorteilhaften Ausführung kann der zweite Abschnitt des Steuerwegs in Laufrichtung betrachtet kurvenförmig, z.B. mit zumindest zwei unterschiedlichen Kurvenlinien z.B. S-förmig, ausgebildet sein. Die Klemmwirkung bei Verdrehen kann durch eine derartige Maßnahme vom Fachmann gezielt voreingestellt werden, und z.B. je nach Verdrehwinkel unterschiedlich stark definiert und/oder für besonders lange Läufe mit entsprechendem Gewicht optimiert sein.In another particularly advantageous embodiment, the second section of the control path can be curved when viewed in the direction of travel, for example with at least two different curve lines, for example S-shaped. The clamping effect when twisting can be specifically preset by a person skilled in the art using such a measure and, for example, defined to different degrees depending on the angle of twist and/or optimized for particularly long barrels with a corresponding weight.
Ferner ist es möglich die Klemmfläche als gewölbte Fläche auszuführen, beispielsweise als relativ zur Laufoberfläche konkave Fläche. Dadurch kann die Klemmwirkung besonders optimiert werden. Bei Ausbildung als konkave Fläche, also in Laufrichtung betrachtet erscheint das Profil der Fläche kurvenförmig und kann vom Übergangsbereich zum ersten bzw. etwaigen dritten Abschnitt bis zum Ende der Klemmfläche z.B. eine nach innen gerichtete Wölbung aufweisen oder unstetig nach außen ansteigen. Auf diese Weise ist es sogar möglich, diese konkave Fläche einer Rast ähnlich auszubilden wodurch das Erreichen der vordefinierten Endlage besonders leicht für den Bediener erkennbar ist.Furthermore, it is possible to design the clamping surface as a curved surface, for example as a concave surface relative to the running surface. This allows the clamping effect to be particularly optimized. When designed as a concave surface, i.e. viewed in the direction of travel, the profile of the surface appears curved and can be seen from Transition area to the first or possible third section up to the end of the clamping surface, for example, has an inwardly directed curvature or rises discontinuously outwards. In this way, it is even possible to design this concave surface to be similar to a rest, which makes it particularly easy for the operator to recognize that the predefined end position has been reached.
In einer weiteren besonderen Ausführung ist an der Klemmfläche eine Rast zum Zusammenwirken mit der Steuernocke oder einem Rastfortsatz der Steuernocke ausgebildet. Die Rast kann z.B. mittig in der Klemmfläche als kleine Vertiefung ausgeführt sein. Ein entsprechend komplementär ausgebildeter Rastfortsatz an der Steuernocke kann in diese Rast bei erreichter der vordefinierten Endlage greifen und definiert somit den Endpunkt der Verdreh-Bewegung. Für den Benutzer ist somit besonders gut erkennbar, wann die vordefinierte Endlage erreicht ist. Die Rast kann auch als kleine Stufe am Beginn der Klemmfläche ausgeführt sein welche mit der Steuernocke zusammenwirkt. Die Rast kann auch als Endanschlag am Ende des Steuerwegs ausgebildet sein.In a further special embodiment, a catch is formed on the clamping surface for cooperation with the control cam or a catch extension of the control cam. The catch can, for example, be designed as a small recess in the middle of the clamping surface. A correspondingly complementary locking extension on the control cam can engage in this lock when the predefined end position is reached and thus defines the end point of the twisting movement. This makes it particularly easy for the user to see when the predefined end position has been reached. The stop can also be designed as a small step at the beginning of the clamping surface, which interacts with the control cam. The catch can also be designed as an end stop at the end of the control path.
In einer anderen besonderen Ausführung kann an der Klemmfläche ein Endanschlag ausgebildet sein. Dieser Endanschlag begrenzt die mögliche Bewegung der Steuernocke im zweiten Abschnitt des Steuerwegs in Umfangsrichtung. Dadurch wird die vordefinierte Endlage vom Benutzer besonders leicht, nämlich bei Erreichen des Endanschlags, erkannt.In another special embodiment, an end stop can be formed on the clamping surface. This end stop limits the possible movement of the control cam in the second section of the control path in the circumferential direction. This means that the predefined end position is particularly easy for the user to recognize, namely when the end stop is reached.
Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erweisen, wenn sich der erste Abschnitt und der zweite Abschnitt des Steuerwegs mittels eines Verbindungsabschnitt oder bevorzugt direkt miteinander verbunden sind. Diese Ausformung des Steuerwegs, bzw. seines ersten Abschnitts ist besonders leicht herstellbar, da beispielsweise nur eine linear nach hinten verlaufende Nut und eine Nut in Umfangsrichtung gefräst werden muss. Ebenfalls vorteilhaft wirkt dies beim ineinander Führen von Lauf und Verriegelungshülse, da Lauf und Verriegelungshülse gerade ineinander gesteckt und verdreht werden können und somit die vordefinierte Endlage erreicht werden kann. Dem Fachmann obliegt es den zweiten Abschnitt direkt anschließend an den ersten Abschnitt anschließend auszubilden oder ggf. den Verdrehweg vom ersten zum zweiten Abschnitt, und somit bis zur Klemmfläche, mittels eines Verbindungsabschnitts auszubilden um die optimale Lage der Klemmfläche relativ zum ersten Abschnitt, dem Einführabschnitt, auszubilden. Dies kann besonders bei der Gewichtsoptimierung des Laufs und dessen Schwingverhalten bei der Schussabgabe vorteilhaft genutzt werden.It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the first section and the second section of the control path are connected to one another by means of a connecting section or preferably directly. This shape of the control path, or its first section, is particularly easy to produce, since, for example, only one groove running linearly to the rear and one groove in the circumferential direction need to be milled. This also has an advantageous effect when guiding the barrel and locking sleeve into one another, since the barrel and locking sleeve can be inserted straight into one another and twisted and the predefined end position can thus be reached. It is the responsibility of the person skilled in the art to design the second section directly adjacent to the first section or, if necessary, the twisting path from the first to the second Section, and thus up to the clamping surface, by means of a connecting section in order to form the optimal position of the clamping surface relative to the first section, the insertion section. This can be used particularly advantageously when optimizing the weight of the barrel and its vibration behavior when firing a shot.
Außerdem ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der zweite Abschnitt des Steuerwegs im rechten Winkel auf eine parallele Gerade zur Laufseelenachse ausgebildet ist. Lauf und Verriegelungshülse brauchen nach dem ineinander Führen nur gegeneinander verdreht werden, um die vordefinierte Endlage zu erreichen. Ein derartig ausgeführter zweiter Abschnitt kann ebenfalls sehr leicht als lineare Nut in Umfangsrichtung z.B. mittels Fräsen hergestellt werden und entspricht in der Draufsicht von außen im Wesentlichen einer "L-Form".In addition, it is particularly advantageous if the second section of the control path is designed at right angles to a straight line parallel to the barrel axis. After being guided into one another, the barrel and locking sleeve only need to be twisted against each other in order to reach the predefined end position. A second section designed in this way can also be produced very easily as a linear groove in the circumferential direction, for example by milling, and essentially corresponds to an “L-shape” when viewed from the outside in plan view.
Ferner kann eine besonders günstig gestaltete Ausbildung der Laufeinheit ein erster Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Laufwarzen aufweisen, der größer ist als ein zweiter Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Laufwarzen. Der erste Abstand kann dabei im Wesentlichen der Breite der Steuernocke entsprechen. Die Breite der Steuernocke muss kleiner als der erste Abstand sein und sollte größer als der zweite Abstand sein. Diese Ausgestaltung bedingt, dass Lauf und Verriegelungshülse nur in genau einer bestimmten Orientierung ineinander geschoben werden können, nämlich dann wenn die Steuernocke mit dem ersten Abstand zweier benachbarter Laufwarzen fluchtend ausgerichtet ist. Sind Steuernocke und erster Abstand nicht überdeckt, kann durch einfaches Verdrehen des Laufs die Steuernocke in Überdeckung mit dem ersten Abstand gebracht werden. Dann lässt sich der Lauf einfach in den ersten Abschnitt des Steuerweges einführen. Idealerweise wird der Lauf bei vertikal nach oben gerichteter Mündung eingeführt und braucht dabei oberhalb der Verriegelungshülse nur leicht ergriffen zu werden, sodass er wenn sich die Steuernocke in der richtigen Position befindet durch die Schwerkraft von alleine in den Steuerweg rutscht.Furthermore, a particularly favorably designed design of the running unit can have a first distance between two adjacent running lugs that is larger than a second distance between two adjacent running lugs. The first distance can essentially correspond to the width of the control cam. The width of the control cam must be smaller than the first distance and should be larger than the second distance. This configuration means that the barrel and locking sleeve can only be pushed into one another in exactly a specific orientation, namely when the control cam is aligned with the first distance between two adjacent barrel lugs. If the control cam and the first distance are not overlapped, the control cam can be brought into overlap with the first distance by simply turning the barrel. The barrel can then simply be inserted into the first section of the control path. Ideally, the barrel is inserted with the muzzle pointing vertically upwards and only needs to be gripped lightly above the locking sleeve, so that when the control cam is in the correct position, it slides into the control path by gravity.
Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sicher herausgestellt, wenn die Steuernocke mittels Steuernockenhalter in der Verriegelungshülse angeordnet ist. Die Steuernocke kann mit dem Steuernockenhalter als eine Einheit verbunden, also als eigene "Sub-Baugruppe" ausgebildet sein, die somit gemeinsam und gleichzeitig in die Verriegelungshülse eingebaut wird. Dies ist vorteilhaft in der Fertigung und Handhabung.It has certainly proven to be particularly advantageous if the control cam is arranged in the locking sleeve using a control cam holder. The control cam can be connected to the control cam holder as a unit, i.e. as its own "sub-assembly". be designed, which is thus installed together and simultaneously in the locking sleeve. This is advantageous in production and handling.
Weiters kann es besonders vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Steuernocke integral am Steuernockenhalter ausgebildet ist. Damit wird die Teilezahl reduziert und entsprechend wird die Herstellung vereinfacht und die Herstellkosten verringert. Der Zusammenbau erfolgt schneller und es werden leicht zu verlierende Teile vermieden. Beispielsweise kann die Steuernocke integral am Steuernockenhalter z.B. als Blechprägeteil gefertigt werden.Furthermore, it can be particularly advantageous if the control cam is formed integrally on the control cam holder. This reduces the number of parts and accordingly simplifies production and reduces manufacturing costs. Assembly is quicker and easily lost parts are avoided. For example, the control cam can be manufactured integrally on the control cam holder, for example as a stamped sheet metal part.
Ferner ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Steuernockenhalter als Feder, besonders bevorzugt als Blattfeder ausgeführt ist und die Steuernocke derartig in vordefinierten Endlage gegen die Klemmfläche vorspannt. Eine Blattfeder kann auch bei nur geringem Platz in der Verriegelungshülse angeordnet werden, außerdem sind Blattfedern im Allgemeinen stark belastbar und besonders verschleißfest. Die Federvorspannung bedingt eine besonders hohe Klemmwirkung in der vordefinierten Endlage, was sich besonders vorteilhaft im Betrieb der Feuerwaffe auswirktFurthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the control cam holder is designed as a spring, particularly preferably as a leaf spring, and biases the control cam in a predefined end position against the clamping surface. A leaf spring can be arranged in the locking sleeve even if there is little space; leaf springs are generally highly resilient and particularly wear-resistant. The spring preload results in a particularly high clamping effect in the predefined end position, which has a particularly advantageous effect in the operation of the firearm
In einer weiteren, besonders günstigen Ausführung kann der Steuernockenhalter in Arbeitsposition selbstklemmend und lösbar mit der Verriegelungshülse verbunden sein. Die Selbstklemmung erfolgt durch enge Toleranzen zwischen Steuernockenhalter und Verriegelungshülse und erlaubt ein Verbinden ohne Verbindungselemente wie z.B. Schrauben, etc. und bei Bedarf kann der Steuernockenhalter aus der Verriegelungshülse gelöst und ausgetauscht werden. So können am Steuernockenhalter beispielsweise kleine seitliche Fortsätze ausgebildet sein, welche in eine entsprechende Haltenut in der Verriegelungshülse gebracht werden. Durch die enge Toleranz zwischen Fortsatz und Haltenut wird eine Selbstklemmung erreicht.In a further, particularly favorable embodiment, the control cam holder can be self-clamping and releasably connected to the locking sleeve in the working position. The self-clamping is achieved through tight tolerances between the control cam holder and the locking sleeve and allows connection without connecting elements such as screws, etc. and if necessary, the control cam holder can be released from the locking sleeve and replaced. For example, small lateral extensions can be formed on the control cam holder, which are placed in a corresponding retaining groove in the locking sleeve. Self-clamping is achieved due to the close tolerance between the extension and the retaining groove.
Es ist auch möglich und besonders vorteilhaft, dass am Steuernockenhalter ein Halteranschlag zum Eingreifen in eine Einbuchtung an der Verriegelungshülse ausgebildet ist um den Steuernockenhalter in der Arbeitsposition in der Verriegelungshülse zu sichern. Der Steuernockenhalter ist derartig gegen axiales Verschieben und somit gegen Verlust aus der Verriegelungshülse gesichert.It is also possible and particularly advantageous for a holder stop to be formed on the control cam holder to engage in an indentation on the locking sleeve in order to secure the control cam holder in the working position in the locking sleeve. The control cam holder is secured in this way against axial displacement and thus against loss from the locking sleeve.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung ist, dass der Lauf eine Einbuchtung aufweist, welche mit einem formkomplementär ausgebildeten, zusätzlich verdrehsichernden Element zusammenwirken kann. Eine derartige zusätzliche Verdrehsicherung des Laufs kann beispielsweise mittels eines quer zur Laufseelenachse liegenden Bolzens ausgeführt sein.A further aspect of the invention is that the barrel has an indentation which can interact with an additional anti-rotation element of complementary shape. Such additional anti-rotation protection of the barrel can be implemented, for example, by means of a bolt located transversely to the barrel core axis.
Besonders vorteilhaft kann es sein, wenn das zusätzlich verdrehsichernde Element als Nocke eines Spannhebels, welche formkomplementär zur Einbuchtung ausgebildet ist. Die Einbuchtung kann beispielsweise als eine Abflachung im Lauf ausgebildet sein.. Die Nocke kann dabei in Querrichtung und/oder Laufrichtung abgeflacht ausgebildet sein. Derartig wird bei Kontakt zwischen Lauf und Nocke Kraft linienform oder flächig übertragen, was eine verbesserte Verdrehsicherung bewirkt. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft in Ausführungen, die ohnehin die Verriegelungshülse mit einem Klemmmechanismus mit Spannhebel mit dem Gehäuse verbindet.It can be particularly advantageous if the additional anti-rotation element is designed as a cam of a clamping lever, which is designed to complement the indentation. The indentation can, for example, be designed as a flattened area in the barrel. The cam can be designed to be flattened in the transverse direction and/or running direction. In this way, upon contact between the barrel and the cam, force is transmitted in a linear or flat manner, which results in improved anti-twist protection. This is particularly advantageous in designs that already connect the locking sleeve to the housing using a clamping mechanism with a clamping lever.
Besonders positiv ist es, wenn in schussbereiter Position die Nocke und die Abflachung durch einen Spalt räumlich voneinander getrennt sind, wobei der Spalt bevorzugt eine Breite von 0,02 mm bis 0,4mm aufweist, besonders bevorzugt 0,10 mm bis 0,20 mm. Durch den Spalt ist sichergestellt, dass der Lauf frei schwingend gelagert ist und nicht von der Nocke unerwünscht verspannt wird. Die Verdrehsicherung wirkt also nur im Fall, wenn der Lauf tatsächlich verdreht wird.It is particularly positive if, in the ready-to-fire position, the cam and the flat are spatially separated from one another by a gap, the gap preferably having a width of 0.02 mm to 0.4 mm, particularly preferably 0.10 mm to 0.20 mm . The gap ensures that the barrel swings freely and is not undesirably distorted by the cam. The anti-twist protection only works if the barrel is actually twisted.
Die Erfindung ist für Feuerwaffen, also demnach auch für Pistolen, geeignet, wird aber im Folgenden anhand eines Karabiners erläutert. Weitere Komponenten der Feuerwaffe, wie etwa der Lauf, Patronenlager, Verriegelungshülse, Verriegelungswarzen, Magazin oder Schaft werden hier nicht näher erläutert, da es den Kern der Erfindung nicht betrifft und der Fachmann in Kenntnis der Erfindung auch hier, wenn überhaupt notwendig bzw. gewünscht, Modifikationen einfach aufgrund seines Fachwissens vornehmen kann.The invention is suitable for firearms, including pistols, but will be explained below using a carbine. Further components of the firearm, such as the barrel, cartridge chamber, locking sleeve, locking lugs, magazine or stock are not explained in more detail here, as they do not relate to the core of the invention and the person skilled in the art with knowledge of the invention, if at all necessary or desired, Can make modifications simply based on his expertise.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, dabei zeigt bzw. zeigen:
- die
Fig. 1 eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer Feuerwaffe gemäß dem Stand der Technik, - die
Fig. 2 eine Explosionsdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Laufeinheit, - die
Fig. 3 eine teilausgeschnittene 3-D Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungshülse, - die
Figs. 4a und b Ansichten eines Laufs als 3-D Darstellung und in Draufsicht, - die
Figs. 5a und b zuFig.4b korrespondierende Querschnitte eines Laufs, - die
Figs. 6a und b einen Längsschnitt des Laufs mit Verriegelungshülse entlang der waffenmittelebene sowie einen entsprechenden Querschnitt, - Die
Figs. 7a bis c eine Verriegelungshülse mit Steuernockenhalter als Draufsicht und in Schnittdarstellungen, - die
Fig. 8 eine perspektivische Detailansicht eines in einer Verriegelungshülse eingebauten Steuernockenhalters, - die
Fig. 9 eine Detailansicht einer Nocke korrespondierend zum Längsschnitt ausFig.6a , - die
Figs.10a und b einen Querschnitt und eine Detailansicht zum Längsschnitt ausFig.6a und - die
Fig. 11 eine Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.
- the
Fig. 1 a simplified representation of a firearm according to the state of the art, - the
Fig. 2 an exploded view of a running unit according to the invention, - the
Fig. 3 a partially cut-out 3D representation of a locking sleeve according to the invention, - the
Figs. 4a and b Views of a barrel as a 3D representation and in a top view, - the
Figs. 5a and b toFig.4b corresponding cross sections of a barrel, - the
Figs. 6a and b a longitudinal section of the barrel with locking sleeve along the center plane of the weapon and a corresponding cross section, - The
Figs. 7a to c a locking sleeve with control cam holder as a top view and in sectional views, - the
Fig. 8 a perspective detailed view of a control cam holder installed in a locking sleeve, - the
Fig. 9 a detailed view of a cam corresponding to the longitudinal sectionFig.6a , - the
Figs.10a and b a cross section and a detailed view of the longitudinal sectionFig.6a and - the
Fig. 11 an exploded view of a further embodiment of the invention.
Die Begriffe links, rechts, oben, unten, vorne und hinten beziehen sich im Folgenden immer auf aus Schützensicht in Schussrichtung der Feuerwaffe, wenn diese schussbereit gehalten wird. Die Waffe weist, durch die Laufachse gehend und vertikal orientiert, eine Waffenmittelebene auf, die cum grano salis, eine Symmetrieebene bildet.In the following, the terms left, right, top, bottom, front and back always refer to the shooting direction of the firearm from the shooter's perspective when it is held ready to fire. The weapon has a central plane running through the barrel axis and oriented vertically, which forms a plane of symmetry, cum grano salis.
In der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen werden, wie bereits oben angegeben, die Begriffe "vorne", "hinten", "oben", "unten" und so weiter in der landläufigen Form und unter Bezugnahme auf den Gegenstand in seiner üblichen Gebrauchslage, gebraucht. Das heißt, dass bei der Waffe die Mündung des Laufes "vorne" ist, dass der Verschluss bzw. Schlitten durch die Explosionsgase nach "hinten" bewegt wird, etc.. Quer zu einer Richtung meint im Wesentlichen eine um 90° dazu gedrehte Richtung.In the description and claims, as already stated above, the terms "front", "back", "top", "bottom" and so on are used in the common form and with reference to the object in its usual position of use. This means that the muzzle of the barrel of the weapon is "at the front", that the breech or slide is moved "backwards" by the explosion gases, etc. Transverse to a direction essentially means a direction rotated by 90° to it.
In den im Folgenden beschrieben Figuren ist die Laufrichtung nach vorne mit Pfeil 91 angegeben, die Normalrichtung nach oben mit Pfeil 93 und die Querrichtung nach links mit Pfeil 92In the figures described below, the forward running direction is indicated by
In
Die
Am ersten Ende der Verriegelungshülse 3 sind in der zylindrischen Öffnung dem Stand der Technik entsprechende sich nach innen erstreckende Verschlusswarzen 31 und ein dahinter, sich in Richtung zweites Ende erstreckender Verriegelungsraum 32 ausgebildet, die mit einem nicht gezeigten Verschluss, beispielsweise einem Drehkopfverschluss und dessen Verschlusskopf, zusammenwirken können.At the first end of the locking
Ferner sind an der Laufaufnahme 33 sich nach innen erstreckende Laufverriegelungswarzen 35 ausgebildet, welche näher am zweiten (vorderen) Ende der Verriegelungshülse angeordnet sind, als die Verriegelungswarzen 31. Die Laufverriegelungswarzen 35 können entsprechend dem Stand der Technik mit formkomplementären Laufwarzen 15 eines Laufs 1 zusammenwirken und derartig den Lauf 1 und die Verriegelungshülse 3 in Axialrichtung fest aneinander koppeln.Furthermore, inwardly extending barrel locking lugs 35 are formed on the
Weiters ist an der Verriegelungshülse 3 eine sich nach innen in die Laufaufnahme 33 erstreckende Steuernocke 36 ausgebildet, die näher am zweiten Ende angeordnet sein kann, als die Laufverriegelungswarzen 35. Bevorzugt ist die Steuernocke 36 als eigenes Teil oder an einem eigenen Teil ausgeführt und federvorgespannt. In einer bevorzugten und dargestellten Ausführung ist die Steuernocke 36 an einem Steuernockenhalter 321 angeordnet oder integral an diesem ausgebildet. Die Steuernocke 36 mit Steuernockenhalter 321 ist beispielsweise in einer Halterausnehmung 322 der Verriegelungshülse 3 angeordnet. Der Steuernocke 36 kann bevorzugt federvorgespannt sein, beispielsweise indem der Steuernockenhalter 321 als Blattfeder ausgeführt ist. Es sind auch andere alternative Ausführungen möglich, so kann die Steuernocke als gefedertes Druckstück oder als Bolzen mit Druckfeder, oder als elastisches Element ausgeführt sein. Denkbar ist es auch den Steuernockenhalter 321 federvorgespannt in der Verriegelungshülse 3 anzuordnen.Furthermore, a
Ebenfalls ist in
Es ist aber auch denkbar, die erfindungsgemäße Laufeinheit z.B. mittels Laufmutter oder Gewinde mit dem Gehäuse 2 zu verbinden.However, it is also conceivable to connect the running unit according to the invention to the
Die
Aus
In
Ferner kann die Klemmfläche 161 eine Rast zum Arretieren der Steuernocke 36 aufweisen. Diese Rast kann z.B. mittig an der Klemmfläche angeordnet sein. Die Steuernocke 36 kann gegebenenfalls einen entsprechenden Rastfortsatz aufweisen, wobei die Steuernocke 36 bzw. der Rastfortsatz formkomplementär zur Rast ausgebildet ist. Die Klemmfläche 161 kann überdies an ihrem Ende (am Ende des Steuerwegs 16) einen Endanschlag aufweisen, welcher die Bewegung der Steuernocke 36 im zweiten Abschnitt des Steuerwegs 16 begrenzt, wie dies aus den
Der erste Abschnitt des Steuerwegs 16 ist bevorzugt als zur Laufseelenachse parallele Fläche ausgebildet. Der zweite Abschnitt des Steuerwegs 16 grenzt bevorzugt direkt an den ersten Abschnitt. Der zweite Abschnitt ist bevorzugt derartig ausgebildet, dass seine Projektion in Richtung der Normalen auf die Laufseelenachse 11 im rechten Winkel auf Laufseelenachse 11 steht.The first section of the
Die
Am leichtesten vorstellbar kann die Anordnung in der Art beschrieben werden, dass bei gleichmäßiger, also symmetrischer, Verteilung gleich breiter Laufwarzen 15 mit zweiter Breite 154 (und mit immer gleichem zweiten Abstand 152) an zwei benachbarten Laufwarzen 15 jeweils innenseitig Material abgetragen wird. Dadurch verringert sich die Breite dieser beiden benachbarten Laufwarzen 15 auf die erste Breite 153. Der dazwischenliegende Abstand vergrößert sich auf den ersten Abstand 151. An der Laufwarze auf 12 Uhr Position ist mittels gepunkteter Linie dieser (fiktive) Materialabtrag angedeutet.The easiest way to imagine the arrangement is to describe it in such a way that with a uniform, i.e. symmetrical, distribution of running
Wie dargestellt sind in einer bevorzugten Ausführung in zwei hintereinander liegenden Reihen jeweils acht Laufwarzen 15 am Laufende ausgebildet (und entsprechend zwei Reihen zu je acht Laufverriegelungswarzen 35 in der Verriegelungshülse 3), die Laufwarzen 15 und die Laufverriegelungswarzen sind bevorzugt gleich breit. Die Erfindung kann aber auch mit einer anderen, kleineren oder größeren, Anzahl von Laufwarzen 15 und entsprechenden Laufverriegelungswarzen 35 ausgeführt werden. Insbesondere können die Breiten der Laufwarzen gleich sein und, entsprechend der oben geschilderten Ausführung, die ersten und zweiten Abstände 151, 152 durch entsprechende Anordnung der Laufwarzen 15 in Umfangsrichtung erfolgen.As shown, in a preferred embodiment, eight running
Zum Koppeln von Lauf 1 mit Verriegelungshülse 3 wird der Lauf 1 mit dem Laufende voraus in die Laufaufnahme 33 der Verriegelungshülse 3 geschoben und durch Drehen wird die Steuernocke 36 in Überdeckung mit dem ersten Abstand 151 gebracht. Der Lauf 1 kann nun geführt von Steuernocke 36 im Steuerweg 16 weiter in die Verriegelungshülse gebracht werden. Wenn die Steuernocke 36 am Ende des ersten Abschnitts des Steuerwegs 16 liegt, kann durch Verdrehen des Laufs 1 die Steuernocke gegen die Klemmfläche verspannt werden und damit ist die vordefinierte Endlage erreicht. In vordefinierten Endlage überdecken sich in Axialrichtung betrachtet Laufwarzen 15 und Laufverriegelungswarzen 35 um die auftretenden Kräfte bei Schussabgabe vom Lauf auf die Verriegelungshülse und in weiterer Folge an das Gehäuse der Feuerwaffe weiterzuleiten. In vordefinierten Endlage ist der Lauf 1 mit der Verriegelungshülse 3 fest und lösbar miteinander verbunden, also gekoppelt.To couple the
Eine Klemmvorrichtung 4 mit Spannhebel 40 und Griff 43 kann die Laufeinheit fest mit einem (nicht gezeigten) Gehäuse 2 verbunden sein und befindet sich in schussbereitem Zustand. Die Nocke 41 greift durch die Ausnehmung 371, der zugehörige mit IX bezeichnete Detailausschnitt ist in
Die
In Zusammenschau der
Zum besseren Verständnis der Halterung des Steuernockenhalters 321 sei auf die Schrägansicht in
Weiters ist es möglich, am Lauf 1 eine Einbuchtung 115 auszubilden, die mit einem formkomplementär ausgebildeten, zusätzlich gegen eine Verdrehung sichernden Element zusammenwirkt. Beispielswiese ist es möglich eine derartige zusätzliche Verdrehsicherung (für Lauf 1 und Verriegelungshülse 3) mittels einem in der Verriegelungshülse 3 oder im Gehäuse 2 angeordneten und auf die Laufseelenachse querliegendem Bolzen, der in die Einbuchtung eingreift, zu realisieren.Furthermore, it is possible to form an
Eine andere, bevorzugte, Ausführung ist im Folgenden in
In Zusammenschau der
Der Lauf 1 weist an einer der Nocke 41 im schussbereiten Zustand zugewandten Seite eine Abflachung 115 auf. Je nach Form der Nocke 41 können auch andere formkomplementäre Ausnehmungen ausgebildet werden. Der Lauf 1 sollte im Bereich der Abflachung 115 in der schussbereiten Position durch einen Spalt 416 von der Spitze der Nocke 41 beabstandet sein, siehe auch
Durch die formkomplementäre Ausbildung der Abflachung 115 des Laufs 1 kann der Spannhebel 40 nur geschlossen werden, wenn der Lauf 1 in einer vorgegebenen Position in der Verriegelungshülse 3 ausgerichtet ist. Somit kann auf eine einfache Art und Weise eine Art "Endlagekontrolle" des Laufs 1 erzielt werden. Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn der Spalt 416 - sofern vorgesehen - nur wenige Hundertstel Millimeter, bevorzugt 0,02 bis 0,40 mm, besonders bevorzugt von 0,10 bis 0,20 beträgt, wie dies auch aus dem Detail Xb der
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten und beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, sondern kann verschiedentlich abgewandelt und ausgestaltet werden. Insbesondere die gezeigten Formen und Schnittformen der genannten Waffenteile, insbesondere Lauf, Steuerweg, Laufwarzen, Verriegelungshülse, Laufverriegelungswarzen, Steuernocke, Steuernockenhalter, Spannhebel, Abstände, Breiten, Ausnehmungen, etc. können an die vorgegebenen Grunddaten angepasst werden, auch die Längen und die Lagen zueinander und bezüglich des Gehäuses sind in Kenntnis der Erfindung für den Fachmann problemlos adaptierbar. Insbesondere sind äquivalente Ausführungen in Kenntnis der Erfindung naheliegend und vom Fachmann ohne weiteres ausführbar. Insbesondere sind die genannten Ausführungsformen mutatis mutandis auf Ausführungsformen mit umgekehrter Wirkrichtung von Klemmfläche und Steuernocke, respektive einer Vorspannung beider Elemente anzuwenden.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but can be modified and designed in various ways. In particular, the shapes and sectional shapes shown of the weapon parts mentioned, in particular the barrel, control path, barrel lugs, locking sleeve, barrel locking lugs, control cam, control cam holder, cocking lever, distances, widths, recesses, etc. can be adapted to the specified basic data, including the lengths and the positions relative to one another and with regard to the housing can be easily adapted by a person skilled in the art given knowledge of the invention. In particular, equivalent designs are obvious given knowledge of the invention and can be easily carried out by a person skilled in the art. In particular, the embodiments mentioned are to be applied mutatis mutandis to embodiments with the reverse direction of action of the clamping surface and control cam, or a preload of both elements.
Es soll noch darauf hingewiesen werden, dass in der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen Angaben wie "unterer Bereich" eines Gegenstandes, die untere Hälfte und insbesondere das untere Viertel der Gesamthöhe bedeutet, "unterster Bereich" das unterste Viertel und insbesondere einen noch kleineren Teil; während "mittlerer Bereich" das mittlere Drittel der Gesamthöhe meint. Für die Begriffe "Breite" bzw. "Länge" gilt dies mutatis mutandis. All diese Angaben haben ihre landläufige Bedeutung, angewandt auf die bestimmungsgemäße Position des betrachteten Gegenstandes.It should also be pointed out that in the description and the claims, information such as "lower area" of an object means the lower half and in particular the lower quarter of the total height, "lowest area" means the lowest quarter and in particular an even smaller part; while "middle area" means the middle third of the total height. This applies mutatis mutandis to the terms “width” and “length”. All of this information has its common meaning, applied to the intended position of the object under consideration.
In der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen bedeutet "im Wesentlichen" eine Abweichung von bis zu 10 % des angegebenen Wertes, wenn es physikalisch möglich ist, sowohl nach unten als auch nach oben, ansonsten nur in die sinnvolle Richtung, bei Gradangaben (Winkel und Temperatur), und Bestimmungen wie "parallel" oder "normal" sind damit ± 10° gemeint. Wenn es Begriffe wie "im Wesentlichen konstant" etc. sind, ist die technische Abweichungsmöglichkeit, die der Fachmann dem zugrunde legt und nicht die mathematische, gemeint. So umfasst ein "im Wesentlichen L-förmiger Querschnitt" zwei längliche Flächen, die an jeweils einem Ende ins Ende der anderen Fläche übergehen, und deren Längserstreckung in einem Winkel von 45° bis 120° zueinander angeordnet ist.In the description and claims, "substantially" means a deviation of up to 10% of the specified value, if physically possible, both downwards and upwards, otherwise only in the sensible direction Degrees (angle and temperature), and determinations such as "parallel" or "normal" are meant ± 10°. When it comes to terms like "essentially constant" etc., what is meant is the technical deviation possibility that the expert uses as a basis and not the mathematical one. A “substantially L-shaped cross section” comprises two elongated surfaces, each of which merges into the end of the other surface at one end, and whose longitudinal extent is arranged at an angle of 45° to 120° to one another.
Alle Mengenangaben und Anteilsangaben, insbesondere solche zur Abgrenzung der Erfindung, soweit sie nicht die konkreten Beispiele betreffen, sind mit ± 10 % Toleranz zu verstehen, somit beispielsweise: 11 % bedeutet: von 9,9 % bis 12,1 %. Bei Bezeichnungen wie bei: "ein Lösungsmittel" ist das Wort "ein" nicht als Zahlwort, sondern als unbestimmter Artikel oder als Fürwort anzusehen, wenn nicht aus dem Zusammenhang etwas anderes hervorgeht.All quantities and proportions, in particular those defining the invention, as long as they do not relate to the specific examples, are to be understood with a tolerance of ± 10%, so for example: 11% means: from 9.9% to 12.1%. In terms such as: "a solvent", the word "a" is not to be viewed as a numeral, but rather as an indefinite article or as a pronoun, unless the context indicates otherwise.
Der Begriff: "Kombination" bzw. "Kombinationen" steht, sofern nichts anderes angegeben, für alle Arten von Kombinationen, ausgehend von zwei der betreffenden Bestandteile bis zu einer Vielzahl oder aller derartiger Bestandteile, der Begriff: "enthaltend" steht auch für "bestehend aus".The term: "combination" or "combinations" stands, unless otherwise stated, for all types of combinations, starting from two of the components in question up to a large number or all of such components, the term: "containing" also stands for "existing out of".
Claims (18)
- A barrel unit for a firearm, comprising a barrel (1) with a barrel axis (11) muzzle (14) and a barrel end opposite the muzzle (14), on which at least two barrel lugs (15) are formed, and a barrel extension (3) with a barrel receptacle (33) and a first end and a second end, wherein inwardly extending locking lugs (31) are formed on the first end, to work together with a bolt, and inwardly extending barrel locking lugs (35) are formed closer to the second end than the locking lugs (31), characterized in that the barrel (1) has a cam (16) on the outer surface, to work together with a cam lug (36) arranged on the barrel extension (3), wherein the cam (16) comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is formed beginning at the end of the barrel and extending parallel to the barrel axis (11), and the second portion is at least partially formed in the circumferential direction around the barrel axis (11), and in that the second portion has a locking surface (161) which is complementary in shape to the cam lug, and in that the cam lug (36) and/or the locking surface (161) are designed to be preloaded against each other in the radial direction to fix the barrel (1) in a predefined end position.
- The barrel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking surface (161), viewed in the barrel direction (91), is designed as a ramp.
- The barrel unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the ramp of the locking surface (161) is designed to rise linearly outward in the radial direction in the direction toward the end of the cam (16).
- The barrel unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking surface (161), viewed in the barrel direction (91), is curved.
- The barrel unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking surface (161) is designed as a curved surface, and preferably concave relative to the barrel surface.
- The barrel unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking surface (161) has a detent, to work together with the cam lug (36) or a detent protrusion of the cam lug (36).
- The barrel unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an end catch, which limits the movement of the cam lug (36) in the circumferential direction in the second portion of the cam (16), is formed on the locking surface (161).
- The barrel unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first portion and the second portion of the cam (16) are connected to each other by means of a connecting portion, or preferably, directly.
- The barrel unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second portion of the cam (16) is formed at a right angle to a straight line parallel to the barrel axis (11).
- The barrel unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first distance (151) between two adjacent barrel lugs (15) is greater than a second distance (152) between two adjacent barrel lugs (15).
- The barrel unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cam lug (36) is arranged on a cam lug retainer (321) in the barrel extension (3).
- The barrel unit according to claim 11, characterized in that the cam lug (36) is formed integrally with the cam lug retainer (321).
- The barrel unit according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the cam lug retainer (321) is designed as a spring, preferably as a leaf spring.
- The barrel unit according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the cam lug retainer (321) is connected to the barrel extension (3) in a self-clamping and detachable manner in the working position.
- The barrel unit according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that a retainer catch (327), to engage in a notch (326) of the barrel extension (3), is formed on the cam lug retainer (321), to secure the cam lug retainer (321) in the barrel extension (3) in the working position.
- The barrel unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the barrel (1) has a notch, to work together with an anti-rotation element of complementary shape.
- The barrel unit according to claim 16, characterized in that the notch is designed as a flat (115) which is complementary in shape to a nose (41) of a tension lever (40).
- The barrel unit according to claim 17, characterized in that, in the ready-to-fire position, the nose (41) and the flat (115) are spatially separated from each other by a clearance (416), the clearance (416) preferably having a width of 0.02 mm to 0.4 mm, particularly preferably 0.10 mm to 0.20 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP19201455.3A EP3800434B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2019-10-04 | Gun, in particular a carbine |
PCT/EP2020/077084 WO2021063876A1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Barrel unit for a firearm |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4038337A1 EP4038337A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
EP4038337B1 true EP4038337B1 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
EP4038337C0 EP4038337C0 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19201455.3A Active EP3800434B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2019-10-04 | Gun, in particular a carbine |
EP20775879.8A Active EP4038337B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Barrel unit for a firearm |
EP20775681.8A Active EP4038336B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Firearm having a device for barrel clamping |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19201455.3A Active EP3800434B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2019-10-04 | Gun, in particular a carbine |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20775681.8A Active EP4038336B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Firearm having a device for barrel clamping |
Country Status (6)
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US (3) | US11333460B2 (en) |
EP (3) | EP3800434B1 (en) |
BR (2) | BR112022003239A2 (en) |
CA (2) | CA3156638A1 (en) |
IL (2) | IL290580A (en) |
WO (2) | WO2021063876A1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3800434B1 (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2023-11-01 | Glock Technology GmbH | Gun, in particular a carbine |
US11598600B2 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2023-03-07 | Robert W. Landies, III | Quick-change barrel for a firearm |
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- 2020-09-28 US US17/753,945 patent/US11841201B2/en active Active
- 2020-09-28 US US17/754,449 patent/US20220341696A1/en active Pending
- 2020-09-28 WO PCT/EP2020/077084 patent/WO2021063876A1/en unknown
- 2020-09-28 EP EP20775879.8A patent/EP4038337B1/en active Active
- 2020-09-28 BR BR112022003239A patent/BR112022003239A2/en unknown
- 2020-09-28 CA CA3156638A patent/CA3156638A1/en active Pending
- 2020-09-28 CA CA3152033A patent/CA3152033A1/en active Pending
- 2020-09-28 EP EP20775681.8A patent/EP4038336B1/en active Active
- 2020-09-28 BR BR112022003017A patent/BR112022003017A2/en unknown
- 2020-09-28 WO PCT/EP2020/077111 patent/WO2021063891A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
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CA3152033A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
IL290874A (en) | 2022-04-01 |
WO2021063876A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
EP4038337A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
EP4038336C0 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
BR112022003239A2 (en) | 2022-07-19 |
BR112022003017A2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
EP3800434A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
US11841201B2 (en) | 2023-12-12 |
CA3156638A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
US11333460B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
EP4038337C0 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
US20210164750A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
EP3800434B1 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
EP4038336A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
WO2021063891A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
IL290580A (en) | 2022-04-01 |
US20220341695A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 |
EP3800434C0 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
EP4038336B1 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
US20220341696A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 |
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