EP4038336B1 - Firearm having a device for barrel clamping - Google Patents
Firearm having a device for barrel clamping Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4038336B1 EP4038336B1 EP20775681.8A EP20775681A EP4038336B1 EP 4038336 B1 EP4038336 B1 EP 4038336B1 EP 20775681 A EP20775681 A EP 20775681A EP 4038336 B1 EP4038336 B1 EP 4038336B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- barrel
- clamping
- firearm according
- clamp
- nose
- Prior art date
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
- F41A21/484—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels using interlocking means, e.g. by sliding pins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
- F41A21/481—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels using partial or interrupted threads, e.g. bayonet-type mountings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
- F41A21/487—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels using friction, e.g. by clamping a barrel surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to a firearm, in particular a carbine, according to the preamble of claim 1. More precisely, the invention relates to a clamping device for a barrel, or rather its locking sleeve, in a housing of the firearm.
- the so-called upper housing of the carbine contains at least a barrel with a locking sleeve, a cocking lever group, a locking mechanism, a firing pin mechanism, possibly a gas mechanism and a cover.
- This upper housing is detachably connected to a lower housing which contains at least a handle, a magazine and a trigger mechanism. The latter is in operative connection with the firing pin mechanism when assembled and ready to fire.
- carbine is understood to mean, in addition to carbines, repeating rifles, rifles, long guns, and the like, but for reasons of easier readability, we usually only refer to carbines.
- the EP 2 363 678 suggests connecting the barrel to a locking sleeve, for example by means of a thread. This fits into a circular cylindrical hole in the housing (upper part) and is fixed using a rotatable eccentric. When dismantling, a front part of the breech, called the breech head, is pulled out of the casing with the barrel, which causes the Barrel changes difficult.
- the EP 2 663 826 according to the US 9,228,786 , the US 8,813,406 , the US 8,973,483 , the US 9,038,525 and the US9,488,423 , each comprising over 140 pages with over 80 figures, most of which are divided into views AF, best seen in the figures.
- 52A-53C a connection of a barrel to a so-called "spine" arranged above it by means of a lever.
- the lever consists of two angles that are arranged to the left and right of the spine parallel to the central plane of the weapon and are connected to each other by means of a web that also serves as an axis.
- the backbone has a notch on its top that runs transversely to the barrel axis, onto or into which the web is placed from above.
- the barrel has an attack point for the lever on the left and right, which also has a prismatic notch and is pressed against the circular cylindrical surface of the spine when the lever is pulled.
- the assembly movement between the barrel and the spine occurs exclusively normal to the barrel axis, which is ensured by two additional contact points axially in front of and behind the lever.
- the barrel and spine When assembled, the barrel and spine are in contact with each other in three places.
- the relative position of the two components is determined by the notch for the web, the contact between the prism, which is a few millimeters long and the cylindrical shell of the backbone, and the other two contact points, which are purely positive and therefore tolerance-dependent.
- Such a design is unable to reliably and repeatably achieve an accurate position during harsh operation. There is also a risk that the lever will be lost as a loose and not particularly large individual part.
- the US 7,313,883 suggests holding the barrel, including the aiming devices attached to it and any additional accessories (laser, light, etc.) attached to the housing, by means of a mounting part that is firmly connected to the barrel and, if necessary, formed in one piece with it. This holding is done by means of two opposing toggle levers that clamp matching surfaces of the mounting part between them. It is particularly emphasized that the barrel is mounted “free floating”, so its position is determined by the forces that occur from the two levers. This is probably sufficient for the envisaged “Squad Assault Weapons (SAW)", which are used at short distances, but not for other areas of application.
- SAW Square Assault Weapons
- the US 2015/308779 discloses the assembly of a barrel in a circular cylindrical ring in the housing, whereby a collar of the barrel is pushed backwards by a type of flap on the underside of the housing when it is closed and the underside and side areas in the rear section of the barrel are fixed by corresponding cheek parts of the flap become.
- the accuracy of the fixation is not sufficient, especially given the aforementioned strong heating of all components.
- the locking sleeve and on the other hand, a carrier, possibly directly the upper housing, are connected to one another by means of a clamping bar, the locking sleeve and the clamping bar having corresponding prismatic guide surfaces that run parallel to the barrel axis when the weapon is mounted and ready to fire, and the Fixation of the locking sleeve on the upper housing is effected by means of a clamping lever which can be rotated in the upper housing about an axis of rotation running normal to the weapon center plane between two end positions, the ready-to-fire position and the disassembly position.
- the clamping lever has at least one clamping section and a handle and a cam.
- a bolt is used to connect the tensioning bar and the tensioning lever along the axis of rotation, through at least one rail hole or tensioning lever hole that is normal to the weapon center plane.
- the locking sleeve with a rear stop surface can rest against the carrier and be clamped backwards against the running direction by the cam and the clamping section At the same time, it exerts a preload on the tension bar in the vertical direction.
- the clamping section and the cam are completely outside the movement path of the locking sleeve in the running direction.
- a locking sleeve is clamped by means of a clamping bar which is mounted in a vertically displaceable manner in a carrier of the housing, or possibly directly on the housing.
- the locking sleeve and the clamping bar have mutually corresponding prismatic guides.
- the guides are designed in such a way that they are essentially complementary in shape and are designed to run parallel to the barrel axis when the weapon is mounted and ready to fire.
- the locking sleeve is fixed or released on the upper housing between two end positions, the ready-to-fire position and the disassembly position, by means of a cocking lever which can be rotated in the upper housing about an axis of rotation running normal to the central plane of the weapon, with at least one clamping section and a handle and a cam formed on the cocking lever.
- a bolt is provided to connect the tensioning bar and the tensioning lever laterally, transversely to the weapon center plane, along an axis of rotation.
- the tensioning bar and the tensioning lever have at least one bar hole or tensioning lever hole, formed normal to the weapon center plane, the axes of which coincide with the axis of rotation.
- the locking sleeve rests with a rear stop surface on the carrier, or directly on the housing, and is clamped backwards by the cam against the running direction, while the clamping section biases the clamping bar in the vertical direction relative to the carrier.
- the clamping section and the cam are completely outside the path of movement of the locking sleeve in the running direction, whereby the barrel and the locking sleeve are released.
- the prismatic guide surfaces namely the prismatic surface of the locking sleeve and the clamping surface of the clamping bar, are clamped against each other in the vertical direction when ready to fire.
- the corresponding prismatic guide surfaces can reduce the local surface pressure on the locking sleeve and thus avoid local stress peaks on the barrel and any distortion of the barrel and the precision of the firearm is improved. In this way, repeatable positioning of the barrel relative to the upper housing is possible.
- a relatively simple but precise vertical and axial alignment and tensioning in the upper housing can be achieved using fewer moving parts.
- the barrel can be clamped by pressing an eccentric clamping section against the carrier arranged stationary in the upper housing, or directly against the upper housing, when the clamping lever is turned over, whereby the clamping bar is pulled down and the locking sleeve is positioned fixed to the housing.
- the carrier has at least one elongated hole, whereby an additional guide of the tensioning bar is formed in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 1 For example, the design of a slotted locking sleeve, the shape and arrangement of, for example, cams, tabs, and various recesses, whereby a particularly stable storage of the barrel and/or a small size of the clamping device are promoted and/or manufacturing advantages can be used .
- the weapon has a central plane running through the barrel axis and oriented vertically, which forms a plane of symmetry, cum grano salis.
- the forward running direction is indicated by arrow 91
- the normal upward direction is indicated by arrow 93
- the transverse direction to the left is indicated by arrow 92.
- FIG. 1 A firearm is shown schematically and has a barrel 1 with barrel axis 11 and muzzle 14, a housing 2 with an upper housing part 21, also called an upper housing, and a lower housing part 22, also called a lower housing Forend 81, a trigger 82, a magazine 83, a handle 84 and a stock 85.
- a locking device with a locking carrier and locking head, a spring-loaded return device, a possible gas system and the like.
- Fig. 2a the clamping device is shown in the open state, i.e. for the disassembly/assembly of the barrel 1 or locking sleeve 3, as an example in a side view, in Fig. 2b in a perspective view diagonally from below.
- the housing 2 is not shown for the sake of simplicity. It is in conjunction with Fig. 1 However, it is easy to understand that the clamping lever 4 can only be opened when the housing 2 is open, i.e. the upper housing 21 and lower housing 22 are separated. This aspect will be explained later. In addition, it is easy to understand that the barrel 1, or the locking sleeve 3, is inserted into the upper housing 21 from the front against the running direction 91.
- a common axis of rotation 452 of the clamping lever 4 and the clamping bar 6 is provided, which is defined by the respective bores, i.e. at least one clamping lever bore 45 and at least one strip bore 65.
- the formation of at least one clamping section 48 on the clamping lever 4 in the closed state i.e. in the ready-to-shoot position, causes an elastic tensioning of the clamping bar 6 relative to the carrier 5, whereby the locking sleeve is fixed via prismatic guide surfaces 321, 62 on the locking sleeve 3 and the clamping bar 6 3 or run 1.
- the barrel 1 or the locking sleeve 3 can be disassembled/assembled quickly and relatively easily, since no components block the insertion or withdrawal in the running direction 91.
- the tensioning lever 4 and the tensioning bar 6 are held on the axis of rotation 452 by a bolt 42 or an equivalent fastening means.
- the clamping lever 4 has at least one clamping section 48, which - as in Fig. 2a good to see - supported on the underside on the carrier 5.
- the clamping bar 6 is pulled downwards in the vertical direction and thus the locking sleeve 3 is clamped against the carrier 5 and/or the housing 2, not shown.
- the tension bar 6 is guided in the tension bar receptacle 58.
- the clamping bar 6 is secured against falling out downwards by the suitable design of the clamping bar holder 58 or the clamping bar 6.
- the Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of a barrel 1 with locking sleeve 3 and the clamping device according to the invention consisting of a clamping lever 4, carrier 5 and clamping bar 6, which are connected to one another by a bolt 42 and are arranged in the housing 2, preferably in the upper housing 21. It is irrelevant to the invention whether the carrier 5 is designed as a separate part of the upper housing 21 or integrally therewith, since the function of the carrier 5 is to act as a stationary or housing-fixed receptacle for the clamping strip 6.
- the barrel 1 has various radial points at its rear end, distributed around the circumference "outside" projecting barrel lugs 15, which are designed to cooperate with barrel locking lugs 35 which project radially "inward” on the locking sleeve 3 in a shape-complementary manner.
- the barrel 1 can be fastened, for example in the manner of a bayonet lock, by inserting and turning it into the locking sleeve 3 in the axial direction, i.e. running direction 91.
- Other fastening options such as a screw-in thread, are also known in the prior art. It should be explicitly pointed out at this point that in a preferred variant the barrel 1 and the locking sleeve 3 are formed in one piece, i.e. integrally, with one another.
- Fig. 3 in conjunction with the Figs. 2 and 8 to 11 the way of assembling or inserting the barrel group, consisting of barrel 1 and locking sleeve 3, into the upper housing 21 can be derived.
- the upper housing 21 is not shown in the following illustrations, although the carrier 5 can be used as a receptacle fixed to the housing as a relative reference in this regard. This fact, which does not affect the invention, is disclosed in the simultaneous application EP19201455 explained in detail.
- FIG. 4a An exemplary embodiment of a carrier 5 is shown in a side view in Fig. 4a shown schematically and without housing 2 and particularly well in the perspective view in Fig. 4b visible. At least one elongated hole 55 is formed on the carrier 5 for receiving the bolt 42 in the transverse direction 92 - see also Fig. 8a .
- the embodiment of the carrier 5 shown in most of the figures shows a further optional feature with two tabs 59, which are formed on the underside of the carrier 5 and in which the elongated holes 55 are arranged.
- the designs of just one tab 59 or several tabs 59, as well as completely without a tab, are also conceivable, in which case the at least one elongated hole 55 leads directly through the carrier 5 as a through hole.
- the modification of the specific form of training of the carrier 5 can therefore be carried out relatively easily by a person skilled in the art based on the explanations given here, taking into account the geometric boundary conditions in the overall concept, in particular the overall height, of a firearm to be developed.
- the elongated hole 55 has a width 552, which essentially corresponds to a diameter D1 - 451 - of the clamping lever hole 45 and / or the strip hole 65, and whose length 551 is in the range of 1, 1 to 2.5 times, preferably 1.2 to 1.5 times the width 552. Due to the common bolt 42, the tensioning lever 4, the tensioning bar 6 and thus also the locking sleeve 3 can be tensioned downwards into the ready-to-fire position within limits in the vertical direction 93 or deflected upwards in the running direction 91 to release the locking sleeve 3.
- the relative position can be defined in particular by the length 551 of the elongated hole 55 and the relative position to the clamping lever hole 45 and/or the strip hole 65.
- the relative position and the insertion play can be influenced by the design and arrangement of the prism surface 321 of the locking sleeve 3 and the corresponding clamping surface 62 of the clamping bar 6. It should be mentioned at this point that the prism 32 can also be formed on the locking sleeve 3 in an analogous manner on the clamping bar 6, as will be explained below.
- the carrier 5 in the Figs. 2 and 4 also has a clamping bar receptacle 58, through which the clamping bar 6 protrudes through the carrier 5 when installed.
- the side guide surfaces 54 of the clamping bar receptacle 58 serve to guide the clamping bar in the vertical direction 93.
- the carrier 5 also has a rear stop 56 at its rear end, which serves to support the locking sleeve 3 relative to the upper housing 21 when ready to fire.
- this rear stop 56 mutatis mutandis, can also be formed directly, for example, on the upper housing 21.
- the clamping bar receptacle 58 can also have a limit and guide for the clamping bar 6 in the running direction 91 to the front, as shown in Fig. 2b is indicated schematically using a crossbar.
- FIG. 4b A special embodiment can be seen, according to which various guide grooves 57 are formed, which act as a guide for corresponding guide extensions 67 on the clamping bar 6 in vertical 93 and/or transverse 92 and/or Direction 93 serve. This becomes apparent when viewed together with the clamping bar 6 shown as an example Fig. 5 clearly.
- Fig. 5 Various exemplary embodiments of a tension bar 6 are shown.
- Fig. 5a the formation of the strip bore 65 in the transverse direction 92 is clearly visible.
- the Fig. 5b shows a one-piece design and the Fig. 5c a two-part clamping strip 6.
- the advantage of the one-piece variant is the high mechanical stability of the component.
- the advantage of the two-part variant can be, on the one hand, that the production of two identical, but oppositely arranged, partial clamping strips can be carried out very economically.
- clamping surfaces 62 are designed as prismatic guide surfaces, which cooperate with a prism 32 of the locking sleeve 3 (see e.g Fig. 7 ) are designed to complement form and function. These clamping surfaces 62 are oriented “inwards” towards the center plane of the weapon.
- the position and number of the strip bores 65 of the clamping strip 6 can also be optimized accordingly by the person skilled in the art, mutatis mutandis to the carrier 5 or the clamping lever 4 explained below, depending on the embodiment.
- the clamping surfaces 62 in the insertion area are beveled outwards in the running direction 91, as shown Figs. 5b and 5c can be seen, whereby the insertion of the prism 32 of the locking sleeve 3 can be simplified.
- These bevels 68 can be made from Fig. 5 and Fig. 9b can be seen very clearly and can be designed on one or both sides.
- the prism 32 is designed to point towards the rear stop surface 36 in the end region and to taper in the transverse direction 92. This measure can also make it easier to insert the locking sleeve 3.
- the tensioning lever 4 comprises an elongated handle 43, at least one tensioning lever bore 45, which, when installed, runs normal to the running direction 91 in the transverse direction 92 and coincides with the axis of rotation 452 of the tensioning bar 6.
- An extension is formed on the tensioning lever 4, which in the closed state has a front stop surface 37 pointing essentially upwards in the normal direction 93, compare Fig. 10b .
- This extension is referred to as cam 41 and can - as explained below - have several functions.
- a link-like clamping section 48 is formed on the clamping lever 4, preferably on the outside in the area of the clamping lever bore 45, which runs eccentrically to the clamping lever bore 45.
- the course of the clamping section 48 is chosen such that, in the ready-to-fire state, the clamping lever 4 biases the clamping bar 6, which is connected together with the bolt 42, in the vertical direction 93 by supporting the clamping section 48 on the carrier 5.
- the clamping section 48 and the cam 41 lie completely outside the path of movement of the locking sleeve 3 in the running direction 91, compare Fig. 2 .
- FIG. 8a is a side view
- Fig. 9a a bottom view of the clamping mechanism - without housing 2 - shown as an example.
- the Fig. 8b shows the detail Fig. 8a , in which it is clearly visible that when the clamping lever 4 is closed, the relative position of the clamping lever bore 45, or the aligned strip bore 65, lies within the elongated hole 55.
- Fig. 9c the clamping device is shown in the ready-to-fire state - without housing 2 - from the "front" in the running direction 91 to the rear.
- the applied clamping lever 4 causes the clamping bar 6 to be clamped downwards by means of the previously explained clamping sections 48 by pressing against the carrier 5.
- the interaction of the prismatic guide surfaces 321 and 62, as well as their formation parallel to the barrel bore 12 or the barrel core axis 11, can also be seen very well.
- Fig. 9c a longitudinal section along line IXc Fig. 9a shown, which shows the tension of the clamping section 48 on the carrier 5 very well, compare when looking together Fig. 2 .
- the Fig. 9c a longitudinal section along line IXc Fig. 9a shown, which shows the tension of the clamping section 48 on the carrier 5 very well, compare when looking together Fig. 2 .
- 9b shows a longitudinal section along line IXb, which reveals a section through the clamping device in the area of a clamping bar 6 somewhat closer to the weapon center plane.
- the strip bore 65 and the clamping lever bore 45 lie on the common axis of rotation 452, which lies within the elongated hole 55 of the carrier 5.
- Fig. 10a is a longitudinal section X through the weapon center plane Fig. 9c shown, in which the axial, i.e. in the running direction, fixation of the barrel 1, or the locking sleeve 3, is very clearly visible.
- the cam 41 formed on the handle 43 of the clamping lever 4 has a rear contact surface, hereinafter referred to as the front stop 47, which serves to support or rest on the front stop surface 37 of the locking sleeve 3.
- This detail Xb is in Fig. 10b shown enlarged and causes the locking sleeve 3 with a rear stop surface 36 to be biased against the carrier 5, or possibly directly the housing 2, in the ready-to-fire position, as shown in detail Xc in Fig. 10c is visible.
- FIG. 10b is a cross section along XII-XII Fig. 8a visible in the area of engagement of the cam 41.
- the barrel 1 should be spaced from the tip of the cam 41 by a gap 416 in the area of the flat 115 in the ready-to-fire position, see also Fig. 12b .
- the barrel 1 is stored in the locking sleeve 3 in a non-rotating manner, since when the clamping lever 4 is open, the cam 41 is disengaged from the flat 115 of the barrel 1 and this can be easily assembled. Due to the complementary shape of the flat 115 of the barrel 1, the cocking lever 4 can only be closed when the barrel 1 is aligned in a predetermined position in the locking sleeve 3. A type of “end position control” of the barrel 1 can thus be achieved in a simple manner.
- the gap 416 - if provided - is only a few hundredths of a millimeter, preferably 0.02 to 0.40 mm, particularly preferably from 0.10 to 0.20, as can also be seen from detail XIIb of Fig. 12a in Fig. 12b emerges well.
- the shape and number of cams 41 of the clamping lever 4 can be optimized. It has proven to be particularly advantageous to form two clamping sections 48, since in this way the local surface pressure on the carrier 5 can be reduced. This can be beneficial for the longevity of the clamping device. It is of course also possible to provide three or more clamping sections 48.
- FIG. 7 and Fig. 10a Another special embodiment is shown, according to which the front stop surface 37 of the locking sleeve 3 is formed on the underside of the locking sleeve 3 in a cam receptacle 371 provided for this purpose.
- the front stop surface 37 could also be provided on the end face of the locking sleeve 3, but this cam receptacle 371 can have the advantage that a reduced overall size or length of the clamping device can be achieved.
- the above description includes various exemplary embodiments for a locking sleeve 3 which, as in Fig. 7 and Fig. 11a clearly visible, preferably has a dovetail-like prism 32 to form the prism surfaces 321.
- the locking sleeve 3 can have at least one slot 38, preferably parallel to the running direction 91. This slot 38 is formed on at least one side of the locking sleeve 3, preferably starting from the weapon center plane, outwards over the entire length of the locking sleeve, and causes the tensioning of the clamping bar 6 to cause a tangential taper of the slot 38 when the clamping lever 4 is closed.
- the barrel 1 can be fixed in the locking sleeve 3 via a flat clamp in addition to being secured via the barrel lugs 15.
- This can be advantageous in terms of introducing the forces into the carrier 5 or the housing 2 of the firearm when the shot is fired. It is particularly advantageous if the slot 38 is not completely closed when clamping is carried out in order to prevent any possible distortion of the locking sleeve 3.
- the direction of action of the prismatic guide surfaces i.e. the clamping surface 62 of the clamping bar 6 and the prism surface 321 of the locking sleeve 3, is designed to be the opposite of the previous description. All previously described embodiments can be used mutatis mutandis.
- the design of a slotted locking sleeve 3 is conceivable, in such an arrangement it would lead to a reduction in the contact area between barrel 1 and locking sleeve 3 during clamping, which is why it should only be used in special arrangements.
- the locking sleeve and/or the barrel can be clamped effectively and with repeat accuracy in the ready-to-fire position, but can be replaced relatively easily if necessary.
- the barrel 1 can be removed from the housing 2 (not shown in detail) simply forwards when the cocking lever 4 is open. It is therefore possible to use a locking sleeve 3, matching the clamping bar 6, to accommodate different barrels 1 with, for example, different calibers, or, in the case of locking sleeves 3 formed integrally on the barrel 1, to exchange the corresponding barrels 1 with little manual effort and with repeatable accuracy to be positioned in housing 2.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but can be modified and designed in various ways.
- the cross-sectional shapes shown of the housing parts mentioned, bolts, rails, recesses, etc. can be adapted to the specified basic data, and the lengths and positions with respect to the housing can also be easily adapted for the person skilled in the art given knowledge of the invention.
- equivalent designs are obvious given knowledge of the invention and can be easily carried out by a person skilled in the art.
- substantially means a deviation of up to 10% of the specified value, if physically possible, both downwards and upwards, otherwise only in the sensible direction, for degrees (angle and temperature) , and terms such as “parallel” or “normal” mean ⁇ 10°. When it comes to terms like “essentially constant” etc., what is meant is the technical deviation possibility that the expert uses as a basis and not the mathematical one.
- a “substantially L-shaped cross section” comprises two elongated surfaces, each of which merges into the end of the other surface at one end, and whose longitudinal extent is arranged at an angle of 45° to 120° to one another.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
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- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Feuerwaffe, insbesondere einen Karabiner, entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. Genauer gesagt, betrifft die Erfindung eine Klemmvorrichtung für einen Lauf, respektive seine Verriegelungshülse in einem Gehäuse der Feuerwaffe. Das sogenannte Obergehäuse des Karabiners, enthält zumindest einen Lauf mit Verriegelungshülse, eine Spannhebelgruppe, einen Verschlussmechanismus, einen Schlagbolzenmechanismus, gegebenenfalls einen Gasmechanismus und eine Abdeckung. Dieses Obergehäuse ist demontierbar mit einem Untergehäuse verbunden, das zumindest ein Griffstück, ein Magazin und einen Abzugsmechanismus enthält. Letzterer steht im zusammengebauten, feuerbereiten Zustand mit dem Schlagbolzenmechanismus in Wirkverbindung.The invention relates to a firearm, in particular a carbine, according to the preamble of
Unter der Bezeichnung Karabiner werden in der Anmeldung und den Ansprüchen neben Karabinern auch Repetiergewehre, Gewehre, Langwaffen, und dergleichen verstanden, aus Gründen der leichteren Lesbarkeit wird aber meist nur von Karabinern gesprochen.In the application and the claims, the term carbine is understood to mean, in addition to carbines, repeating rifles, rifles, long guns, and the like, but for reasons of easier readability, we usually only refer to carbines.
Es wird in den letzten Jahren vom Militär und der Polizei aber auch von zivilen Nutzern zunehmend gefordert, dass es möglich sein muss, den Lauf eines Karabiners ohne großen Aufwand zu tauschen. Dies kann beispielsweise geschehen, um Läufe unterschiedlicher Länge einsetzen zu können, oder auch Läufe mit unterschiedlichem Kaliber, bei denen die Laufachse, die Seele, bei jedem Kaliber ihre Lage im Obergehäuse beibehält. In letzterem Fall müssen gegebenenfalls auch Änderungen im Verschlussmechanismus und/oder Untergehäuse vorgenommen werden, doch ist dies nicht Teil der Erfindung.In recent years, the military and police, as well as civilian users, have increasingly demanded that it be possible to change the barrel of a carbine without much effort. This can be done, for example, in order to be able to use barrels of different lengths, or barrels with different calibers, in which the barrel axis, the barrel, maintains its position in the upper housing for each caliber. In the latter case, changes may also need to be made to the locking mechanism and/or lower housing, but this is not part of the invention.
Im Stand der Technik findet man zu diesem Problem die folgenden Lösungen:
Die
The
Die
Im montierten Zustand sind Lauf und Rückgrat somit an drei Stellen miteinander in Kontakt. Die relative Lage der beiden Bauteile wird von der Einkerbung für den Steg, dem Kontakt zwischen dem wenige Millimeter langen Prisma und dem zylindrischen Mantel des Rückgrates und den beiden anderen Kontaktstellen, die rein formschlüssig und damit toleranzabhängig bestimmt sind, festgelegt. Eine solche Konstruktion ist im rauen Betrieb nicht in der Lage, zuverlässig und wiederholbar eine genaue Position zu erreichen. Dazu besteht die Gefahr, dass der Hebel als loser und nicht überragend großes Einzelteil verloren geht.When assembled, the barrel and spine are in contact with each other in three places. The relative position of the two components is determined by the notch for the web, the contact between the prism, which is a few millimeters long and the cylindrical shell of the backbone, and the other two contact points, which are purely positive and therefore tolerance-dependent. Such a design is unable to reliably and repeatably achieve an accurate position during harsh operation. There is also a risk that the lever will be lost as a loose and not particularly large individual part.
Die
Die
Aus der
Aus der
Die
All den vorbekannten Lösungen haften somit Nachteile an, die insbesondere die im Gebrauch, bei Erwärmung, nicht einzuhaltende Positionierung und zumeist auch die Gefahr des Verlierens von Kleinteilen wie Fixierbolzen oder Schrauben anhaftet. Es besteht somit ein Bedarf an einer zuverlässigen, genauen, reproduzierbaren und doch einfachen und robusten Lösung des Problems des Laufwechsels in einem Oberteil eines Karabiners.All of the previously known solutions therefore have disadvantages, in particular the positioning that cannot be maintained during use, when heated, and usually also the risk of losing small parts such as fixing bolts or screws. There is thus a need for a reliable, accurate, reproducible, yet simple and robust solution to the problem of barrel changing in a carbine upper.
Es ist Ziel und Aufgabe der Erfindung, hier eine Lösung anzugeben. Dies geschieht erfindungsgemäß mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Dabei sind einerseits die Verriegelungshülse, und andererseits ein Träger, gegebenenfalls direkt das Obergehäuse, mittels einer Spannleiste miteinander verbunden, wobei die Verriegelungshülse und die Spannleiste miteinander korrespondierende, im montierten, feuerbereiten Zustand der Waffe, parallel zur Laufachse verlaufende, prismatische Führungsflächen aufweisen, und die Fixierung der Verriegelungshülse am Obergehäuse mittels eines im Obergehäuse um eine normal zur Waffenmittelebene verlaufende Drehachse zwischen zwei Endlagen, der schussbereiten Position und der Zerlegeposition, verdrehbaren Spannhebels bewirkt wird.It is the aim and object of the invention to provide a solution here. This is done according to the invention with the features specified in the characterizing part of
Der Spannhebel weist zumindest einen Spannabschnitt und einem Griff und eine Nocke auf. Ein Bolzen dient zur Verbindung der Spannleiste und des Spannhebels entlang der Drehachse, durch jeweils zumindest eine normal zur Waffenmittelebene ausgebildete Leistenbohrung bzw. Spannhebelbohrung. In der schussbereiten Position kann somit die Verriegelungshülse mit einer hinteren Stoppfläche am Träger anliegend und durch die Nocke entgegen der Laufrichtung nach hinten verspannt werden und der Spannabschnitt übt gleichzeitig eine Vorspannung auf die Spannleiste in Vertikalrichtung aus. In der Zerlegeposition liegen der Spannabschnitt und die Nocke zur Gänze außerhalb der Bewegungsbahn der Verriegelungshülse in Laufrichtung liegen.The clamping lever has at least one clamping section and a handle and a cam. A bolt is used to connect the tensioning bar and the tensioning lever along the axis of rotation, through at least one rail hole or tensioning lever hole that is normal to the weapon center plane. In the ready-to-fire position, the locking sleeve with a rear stop surface can rest against the carrier and be clamped backwards against the running direction by the cam and the clamping section At the same time, it exerts a preload on the tension bar in the vertical direction. In the disassembly position, the clamping section and the cam are completely outside the movement path of the locking sleeve in the running direction.
Mit anderen Worten, eine Verriegelungshülse wird mittels einer in Vertikalrichtung verschieblich in einem Träger des Gehäuses, oder gegebenenfalls direkt am Gehäuse, gelagerten Spannleiste geklemmt. Die Verriegelungshülse und die Spannleiste weisen zueinander korrespondierende prismatische Führungen auf. Die Führungen sind derart ausgebildet, dass sie im Wesentlichen formkomplementär ausgebildet sind und im montierten, feuerbereiten Zustand der Waffe, parallel zur Laufachse verlaufend ausgebildet sind. Die Fixierung bzw. Freigabe der Verriegelungshülse am Obergehäuse zwischen zwei Endlagen, der schussbereiten Position und der Zerlegeposition, erfolgt mittels eines im Obergehäuse um eine normal zur Waffenmittelebene verlaufende Drehachse verdrehbaren Spannhebels, mit zumindest einem Spannabschnitt und einem Griff und einer am Spannhebel ausgebildeten Nocke. Ein Bolzen ist zur Verbindung der Spannleiste und des Spannhebel seitlich, quer zu Waffenmittelebene, entlang einer Drehachse vorgesehen.In other words, a locking sleeve is clamped by means of a clamping bar which is mounted in a vertically displaceable manner in a carrier of the housing, or possibly directly on the housing. The locking sleeve and the clamping bar have mutually corresponding prismatic guides. The guides are designed in such a way that they are essentially complementary in shape and are designed to run parallel to the barrel axis when the weapon is mounted and ready to fire. The locking sleeve is fixed or released on the upper housing between two end positions, the ready-to-fire position and the disassembly position, by means of a cocking lever which can be rotated in the upper housing about an axis of rotation running normal to the central plane of the weapon, with at least one clamping section and a handle and a cam formed on the cocking lever. A bolt is provided to connect the tensioning bar and the tensioning lever laterally, transversely to the weapon center plane, along an axis of rotation.
Die Spannleiste und der Spannhebel weisen normal zur Waffenmittelebene ausgebildet zumindest eine Leistenbohrung bzw. Spannhebelbohrung auf, deren Achsen mit der Drehachse zusammenfallen. In der schussbereiten Position liegt die Verriegelungshülse mit einer hinteren Stoppfläche am Träger, oder auch direkt am Gehäuse, an und ist durch die Nocke entgegen der Laufrichtung nach hinten verspannt, während der Spannabschnitt die Spannleiste in Vertikalrichtung relativ zum Träger vorspannt. In der Zerlegeposition liegt der Spannabschnitt und die Nocke zur Gänze außerhalb der Bewegungsbahn der Verriegelungshülse in Laufrichtung, wodurch der Lauf und die Verriegelungshülse freigegeben werden.The tensioning bar and the tensioning lever have at least one bar hole or tensioning lever hole, formed normal to the weapon center plane, the axes of which coincide with the axis of rotation. In the ready-to-fire position, the locking sleeve rests with a rear stop surface on the carrier, or directly on the housing, and is clamped backwards by the cam against the running direction, while the clamping section biases the clamping bar in the vertical direction relative to the carrier. In the disassembly position, the clamping section and the cam are completely outside the path of movement of the locking sleeve in the running direction, whereby the barrel and the locking sleeve are released.
Die prismatischen Führungsflächen, namentlich die Prismenfläche der Verriegelungshülse und die Spannfläche der Spannleiste, sind in feuerbereitem Zustand in Vertikalrichtung gegeneinander verspannt. Durch die korrespondierenden prismatischen Führungsflächen kann die lokale Flächenpressung an der Verriegelungshülse verringert und somit lokale Spannungsspitzen am Lauf und etwaiger Verzug des Laufs vermieden werden, und die Präzision der Feuerwaffe begünstigt wird. Auf diese Weise ist eine wiederholgenaue Positionierung des Laufs relativ zum Obergehäuse möglich. Es kann mittels weniger beweglicher Teile eine relativ einfache, jedoch exakte vertikale und axiale Ausrichtung und Verspannung im Obergehäuse erfolgen. Die Klemmung des Laufs kann vereinfacht gesprochen dadurch erreicht werden, dass beim Umlegen des Spannhebels ein exzentrischer Spannabschnitt gegen den ortsfest im Obergehäuse angeordneten Träger, oder auch direkt gegen das Obergehäuse, gedrückt wird, wodurch die Spannleiste nach unten gezogen und die Verriegelungshülse gehäusefest positioniert wird.The prismatic guide surfaces, namely the prismatic surface of the locking sleeve and the clamping surface of the clamping bar, are clamped against each other in the vertical direction when ready to fire. The corresponding prismatic guide surfaces can reduce the local surface pressure on the locking sleeve and thus avoid local stress peaks on the barrel and any distortion of the barrel and the precision of the firearm is improved. In this way, repeatable positioning of the barrel relative to the upper housing is possible. A relatively simple but precise vertical and axial alignment and tensioning in the upper housing can be achieved using fewer moving parts. To put it simply, the barrel can be clamped by pressing an eccentric clamping section against the carrier arranged stationary in the upper housing, or directly against the upper housing, when the clamping lever is turned over, whereby the clamping bar is pulled down and the locking sleeve is positioned fixed to the housing.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Träger zumindest ein Langloch auf, wodurch eine zusätzliche Führung der Spannleiste in Vertikalrichtung ausgebildet wird.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the carrier has at least one elongated hole, whereby an additional guide of the tensioning bar is formed in the vertical direction.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen umfassen z.B. die Ausbildung einer geschlitzten Verriegelungshülse, die Form und Anordnung von z.B. Nocke, Laschen, und diversen Ausnehmungen, wodurch eine besonders stabile Lagerung des Laufs und/oder eine geringe Baugröße der Klemmvorrichtung begünstigt werden und/oder fertigungstechnische Vorteile genutzt werden können.Further preferred embodiments include, for example, the design of a slotted locking sleeve, the shape and arrangement of, for example, cams, tabs, and various recesses, whereby a particularly stable storage of the barrel and/or a small size of the clamping device are promoted and/or manufacturing advantages can be used .
Die nachfolgende Figurenbeschreibung geht beispielhaft auf diverse Ausführungsformen der Erfindung, sowie etwaige Abwandlungen genauer ein.The following description of the figures goes into more detail by way of example on various embodiments of the invention, as well as any modifications.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, dabei zeigt bzw. zeigen:
- die
Fig. 1 eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer Feuerwaffe, - die
Figs. 2a und b eine vereinfachte Darstellung der Klemmvorrichtung in geöffnetem Zustand in Seitenansicht und in perspektivischer Darstellung, - die
Fig. 3 eine vereinfachte Explosionsansicht eines Laufs mit Verriegelungshülse und erfindungsgemäßer Spannhebelgruppe, - die
Figs. 4a und b eine Detailansicht eines Trägers als seitliche Draufsicht und als 3D-Darstellung, - die
Figs. 5a und b eine Spannleiste als seitliche Draufsicht und als 3D-Ansicht, - die
Fig. 5c eine Variante, - die
Fig. 6a eine Detailansicht eines Spannhebels in seitlicher Draufsicht, - die
Figs. 6 b und c verschiedene Ausführungsformen, - die
Fig. 7 eine Verriegelungshülse als 3D-Ansicht schräg von unten, - die
Figs. 8a bis c Detailansichten des Laufs mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Spannhebelgruppe in seitlicher Draufsicht und von vorne, - die
Figs. 9a bis c eine Unteransicht der Klemmvorrichtung und korrespondierende Längsschnitte, - die
Figs. 10a bis c zu denFigs. 8 korrespondierende Schnittdarstellungen als Längsschnitte und ein Detail; - die
Figs. 11a und b zu denFigs. 8 korrespondierende Querschnitte, - die
Figs. 12a und b zu denFigs. 8 korrespondierende Querschnitte und - die
Fig. 13 eine analoge Ausführungsform mit einem Prisma an der Spannleiste.
- the
Fig. 1 a simplified representation of a firearm, - the
Figs. 2a and b a simplified representation of the clamping device in the open state in a side view and in a perspective representation, - the
Fig. 3 a simplified exploded view of a barrel with locking sleeve and cocking lever group according to the invention, - the
Figs. 4a and b a detailed view of a carrier as a side plan view and as a 3D representation, - the
Figs. 5a and b a tension bar as a side plan view and as a 3D view, - the
Fig. 5c a variant, - the
Fig. 6a a detailed view of a tension lever in a side plan view, - the
Figs. 6 b and c different embodiments, - the
Fig. 7 a locking sleeve as a 3D view diagonally from below, - the
Figs. 8a to c Detailed views of the barrel with a cocking lever group according to the invention in a side plan view and from the front, - the
Figs. 9a to c a bottom view of the clamping device and corresponding longitudinal sections, - the
Figs. 10a to c to theFigs. 8th corresponding sectional views as longitudinal sections and a detail; - the
Figs. 11a and b to theFigs. 8th corresponding cross sections, - the
Figs. 12a and b to theFigs. 8th corresponding cross sections and - the
Fig. 13 an analogous embodiment with a prism on the clamping bar.
Die Begriffe links, rechts, oben, unten, vorne und hinten beziehen sich im Folgenden immer auf Schützensicht in Schussrichtung der Feuerwaffe, wenn diese schussbereit gehalten wird. Die Waffe weist, durch die Laufachse gehend und vertikal orientiert, eine Waffenmittelebene auf, die cum grano salis, eine Symmetrieebene bildet.The terms left, right, top, bottom, front and back in the following always refer to the shooter's view in the firing direction of the firearm when it is held ready to fire. The weapon has a central plane running through the barrel axis and oriented vertically, which forms a plane of symmetry, cum grano salis.
In der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen werden, wie bereits oben angegeben, die Begriffe "vorne", "hinten", "oben", "unten" und so weiter in der landläufigen Form und unter Bezugnahme auf den Gegenstand in seiner üblichen Gebrauchslage, gebraucht. Das heißt, dass bei der Waffe die Mündung des Laufes "vorne" ist, dass der Verschluss bzw. Schlitten durch die Explosionsgase nach "hinten" bewegt wird, etc.. Quer zu einer Richtung meint im Wesentlichen eine um 90° dazu gedrehte Richtung.In the description and claims, as already stated above, the terms "front", "back", "top", "bottom" and so on are used in the common form and with reference to the object in its usual position of use. This means that the muzzle of the barrel of the weapon is "at the front", that the breech or slide is moved "backwards" by the explosion gases, etc. Transverse to a direction essentially means a direction rotated by 90° to it.
In den im Folgenden beschrieben Figuren ist die Laufrichtung nach vorne mit Pfeil 91 angegeben, die Normalrichtung nach oben mit Pfeil 93 und die Querrichtung nach links mit Pfeil 92.In the figures described below, the forward running direction is indicated by
In
In
Zur später genauer erläuterten Wirkweise der Klemmvorrichtung ist eine gemeinsame Drehachse 452 des Spannhebels 4 und der Spannleiste 6 vorgesehen, die durch die jeweiligen Bohrungen, also jeweils zumindest einer Spannhebelbohrung 45 und zumindest einer Leistenbohrung 65, definiert ist. Vereinfacht gesagt bewirkt die Ausbildung zumindest eines Spannabschnitts 48 am Spannhebel 4 im geschlossenen Zustand, also schussbereiter Position, eine elastische Verspannung der Spannleiste 6 relativ zum Träger 5, wodurch über prismatische Führungsflächen 321, 62 an der Verriegelungshülse 3 und der Spannleiste 6 eine Fixierung der Verriegelungshülse 3, respektive des Laufs 1 vorgenommen wird. In geöffnetem Zustand der Klemmvorrichtung kann eine schnelle und relativ einfache De-/Montage des Laufs 1 bzw. der Verriegelungshülse 3 vorgenommen werden, da in Laufrichtung 91 keine Bauteile das Einschieben bzw. Herausziehen blockieren.For the mode of operation of the clamping device, which will be explained in more detail later, a common axis of
In
Aus Gründen der einfacheren Lesbarkeit und der Knappheit ist die nachfolgende Darstellung auf eine bzw. mehrere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen reduziert, welche es dem Fachmann erleichtern sollen, die Vielfalt an Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten und Abwandlungen der Erfindung einfach zu erfassen. Es obliegt später dem Fachmann, in Kenntnis der Erfindung, die Form und Anzahl der verwendeten Komponenten der Klemmvorrichtung, wie z.B. der Bohrungen, Laschen, prismatischen Führungsflächen und dergleichen, zu optimieren.For reasons of easier readability and brevity, the following illustration is reduced to one or more preferred embodiments, which are intended to make it easier for those skilled in the art to easily grasp the variety of design options and modifications of the invention. It is later the responsibility of the person skilled in the art, with knowledge of the invention, to optimize the shape and number of the components used in the clamping device, such as the bores, tabs, prismatic guide surfaces and the like.
Insbesondere sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die nachfolgenden Ausführungen auf eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform mit Langlöchern 55 am Träger 5 reduziert sind, da es in gewissen Fällen vorteilhaft sein kann, ein Langloch am Träger auszuführen. Auf diese Weise kann z.B. das Einbauspiel bei der De-/Montage, also ein erleichtertes Einführen der Verriegelungshülse 3 in die Spannleiste 6, erhöht werden. Die gemeinsame Drehachse 452 verläuft demnach innerhalb des zumindest einen Langlochs 55 am Träger 5.In particular, it should be noted that the following explanations are reduced to a preferred embodiment with
Die
Wie aus
Des Weiteren kann aus
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Träges 5 ist in einer Seitenansicht in
Es sei an dieser Stelle angemerkt, dass die in den meisten Figuren dargestellte Ausführungsform des Trägers 5 ein weiteres optionales Merkmal mit zwei Laschen 59 zeigt, welche unterseitig am Träger 5 ausgebildet sind und worin die Langlöcher 55 angeordnet sind. Ebenso sind auch die Ausbildungen von lediglich einer Lasche 59 oder mehreren Laschen 59, wie auch gänzlich ohne Lasche vorstellbar, wobei in diesem Fall das zumindest eine Langloch 55 direkt als Durchgangsbohrung durch den Träger 5 führt. Die Abwandlung der konkreten Ausbildungsform des Trägers 5 kann anhand der hierin gegebenen Erläuterungen somit vom Fachmann in Anbetracht der geometrischen Randbedingungen im Gesamtkonzept, insbesondere der Bauhöhe, einer zu entwickelnden Feuerwaffe relativ einfach vorgenommen werden.It should be noted at this point that the embodiment of the
Im bevorzugten Falle der Ausbildung des Langlochs 55 am Träger 5, weist das Langloch 55 eine Breite 552 auf, welche im Wesentlichen einem Durchmesser D1 - 451 - der Spannhebelbohrung 45 und/oder der Leistenbohrung 65 entspricht, und deren Länge 551 im Bereich von 1,1- bis 2,5-mal, bevorzugt 1,2- bis 1,5-mal der Breite 552 entspricht. Aufgrund des gemeinsamen Bolzens 42 können der Spannhebel 4, die Spannleiste 6 und somit auch die Verriegelungshülse 3 in Grenzen in Vertikalrichtung 93 nach unten in die schussbereite Position gespannt bzw. nach oben zur Freigabe der Verriegelungshülse 3 in Laufrichtung 91 ausgelenkt werden. Die relative Position kann insbesondere durch die Länge 551 des Langlochs 55 und relative Lage zur Spannhebelbohrung 45 und/oder der Leistenbohrung 65 definiert werden. Ergänzend kann die relative Position und das Einführspiel durch Ausbildung und Anordnung der Prismenfläche 321 der Verriegelungshülse 3 und der korrespondierenden Spannfläche 62 der Spannleiste 6 beeinflusst werden. Es sei an dieser Stelle erwähnt, dass die Ausbildung des Prismas 32 an der Verriegelungshülse 3 auch in analoger Weise an der Spannleiste 6 erfolgen kann, wie nachgehend noch erläutert wird.In the preferred case of forming the
Der Träger 5 in den
Überdies ist in
In
Ferner sind an den (Teil-)Spannleisten 6 in
Auch die Position und Anzahl der Leistenbohrungen 65 der Spannleiste 6 kann, mutatis mutandis zum Träger 5 bzw. dem nachfolgend erläuterten Spannhebel 4, vom Fachmann je nach Ausführungsform entsprechend optimiert werden.The position and number of the strip bores 65 of the
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Spannflächen 62 im Einführbereich in Laufrichtung 91 nach außen angeschrägt, wie aus
In ähnlicher Wirkweise zu diesen Anschrägungen an der Spannleiste 6 kann es vorteilhaft sein, wie in
In
Zur Erläuterung der Wirkungsweise des Klemmmechanismus sei in erster Linie auf eine Zusammenschau der
In der
In
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist in
Aus der Zusammenschau der
Es soll an dieser Stelle darauf hingewiesen werden, dass es dem Fachmann in Kenntnis der Erfindung ein Leichtes ist, die Form und Anzahl der Nocken 41 entsprechend der vorliegenden Anleitung auf die entsprechende Aufgabenstellung anzupassen. Ebenso kann die Form und Anzahl der Spannabschnitte 48 des Spannhebels 4 optimiert werden. Es hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen zwei Spannabschnitte 48 auszubilden, da auf diesem Wege die lokale Flächenpressung am Träger 5 reduziert werden kann. Dies kann für die Langlebigkeit der Klemmvorrichtung vorteilhaft sein. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich drei oder mehrere Spannabschnitte 48 vorzusehen.It should be pointed out at this point that, with knowledge of the invention, it is easy for a person skilled in the art to adapt the shape and number of
In
Die voranstehende Beschreibung umfasst diverse Ausführungsbeispiele für eine Verriegelungshülse 3 welche, wie in
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist die Wirkrichtung der prismatischen Führungsflächen, also der Spannfläche 62 der Spannleiste 6 und der Prismenfläche 321 der Verriegelungshülse 3, umgekehrt zur vorangegangenen Beschreibung ausgebildet. Hierbei sind sämtliche vorher beschriebenen Ausführungsformen mutatis mutandis anwendbar. Ein Beispiel einer derartigen Anordnung in
Für den Fachmann ist es anhand obiger Beschreibung leicht nachvollziehbar, dass mit der beschriebenen Klemmvorrichtung die Verriegelungshülse und/oder der Lauf in schussbereiter Position effektiv und wiederholgenau geklemmt, jedoch bei Bedarf relativ einfach getauscht werden können. Die Entnahme des Laufs 1 aus dem nicht näher dargestellten Gehäuse 2 kann bei geöffnetem Spannhebel 4 einfach nach vorne erfolgen. Es ist daher möglich sowohl eine Verriegelungshülse 3, passend zur Spannleiste 6, zur Aufnahme unterschiedlicher Läufe 1 mit beispielsweise unterschiedlichen Kalibern zu verwenden, oder auch im Falle von integral am Lauf 1 ausgebildeten Verriegelungshülsen 3 die entsprechenden Läufe 1 mit wenig manuellem Aufwand zu tauschen und wiederholgenau im Gehäuse 2 zu positionieren.For the person skilled in the art, it is easy to understand from the above description that with the clamping device described, the locking sleeve and/or the barrel can be clamped effectively and with repeat accuracy in the ready-to-fire position, but can be replaced relatively easily if necessary. The
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten und beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, sondern kann verschiedentlich abgewandelt und ausgestaltet werden. Insbesondere die gezeigten Querschnittsformen der genannten Gehäuseteile, Bolzen, Schienen, Ausnehmungen, etc. können an die vorgegebenen Grunddaten angepasst werden, auch die Längen und die Lagen bezüglich des Gehäuses sind in Kenntnis der Erfindung für den Fachmann problemlos adaptierbar. Insbesondere sind äquivalente Ausführungen in Kenntnis der Erfindung naheliegend und vom Fachmann ohne weiteres ausführbar.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but can be modified and designed in various ways. In particular, the cross-sectional shapes shown of the housing parts mentioned, bolts, rails, recesses, etc. can be adapted to the specified basic data, and the lengths and positions with respect to the housing can also be easily adapted for the person skilled in the art given knowledge of the invention. In particular, equivalent designs are obvious given knowledge of the invention and can be easily carried out by a person skilled in the art.
Es soll noch darauf hingewiesen werden, dass in der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen Angaben wie "unterer Bereich" eines Gegenstandes, die untere Hälfte und insbesondere das untere Viertel der Gesamthöhe bedeutet, "unterster Bereich" das unterste Viertel und insbesondere einen noch kleineren Teil; während "mittlerer Bereich" das mittlere Drittel der Gesamthöhe meint. Für die Begriffe "Breite" bzw. "Länge" gilt dies mutatis mutandis. All diese Angaben haben ihre landläufige Bedeutung, angewandt auf die bestimmungsgemäße Position des betrachteten Gegenstandes.It should also be pointed out that in the description and the claims, information such as "lower area" of an object means the lower half and in particular the lower quarter of the total height, "lowest area" means the lowest quarter and in particular an even smaller part; while "middle area" means the middle third of the total height. This applies mutatis mutandis to the terms “width” and “length”. mutandis. All of this information has its common meaning, applied to the intended position of the object under consideration.
In der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen bedeutet "im Wesentlichen" eine Abweichung von bis zu 10 % des angegebenen Wertes, wenn es physikalisch möglich ist, sowohl nach unten als auch nach oben, ansonsten nur in die sinnvolle Richtung, bei Gradangaben (Winkel und Temperatur), und Bestimmungen wie "parallel" oder "normal" sind damit ± 10° gemeint. Wenn es Begriffe wie "im Wesentlichen konstant" etc. sind, ist die technische Abweichungsmöglichkeit, die der Fachmann dem zugrunde legt und nicht die mathematische, gemeint. So umfasst ein "im Wesentlichen L-förmiger Querschnitt" zwei längliche Flächen, die an jeweils einem Ende ins Ende der anderen Fläche übergehen, und deren Längserstreckung in einem Winkel von 45° bis 120° zueinander angeordnet ist.In the description and claims, "substantially" means a deviation of up to 10% of the specified value, if physically possible, both downwards and upwards, otherwise only in the sensible direction, for degrees (angle and temperature) , and terms such as “parallel” or “normal” mean ± 10°. When it comes to terms like "essentially constant" etc., what is meant is the technical deviation possibility that the expert uses as a basis and not the mathematical one. A “substantially L-shaped cross section” comprises two elongated surfaces, each of which merges into the end of the other surface at one end, and whose longitudinal extent is arranged at an angle of 45° to 120° to one another.
Alle Mengenangaben und Anteilsangaben, insbesondere solche zur Abgrenzung der Erfindung, soweit sie nicht die konkreten Beispiele betreffen, sind mit ± 10 % Toleranz zu verstehen, somit beispielsweise: 11 % bedeutet: von 9,9 % bis 12,1 %. Bei Bezeichnungen wie bei: "ein Lösungsmittel" ist das Wort "ein" nicht als Zahlwort, sondern als unbestimmter Artikel oder als Fürwort anzusehen, wenn nicht aus dem Zusammenhang etwas anderes hervorgeht.All quantities and proportions, in particular those defining the invention, as long as they do not relate to the specific examples, are to be understood with a tolerance of ± 10%, so for example: 11% means: from 9.9% to 12.1%. In terms such as: "a solvent", the word "a" is not to be viewed as a numeral, but rather as an indefinite article or as a pronoun, unless the context indicates otherwise.
Der Begriff: "Kombination" bzw. "Kombinationen" steht, sofern nichts anderes angegeben, für alle Arten von Kombinationen, ausgehend von zwei der betreffenden Bestandteile bis zu einer Vielzahl oder aller derartiger Bestandteile, der Begriff: "enthaltend" steht auch für "bestehend aus".
Claims (15)
- Firearm, in particular a carbine, with an upper receiver (21) and a lower receiver (22), the upper receiver comprising at least one barrel (1) with a barrel axis (11) and a barrel extension (3) that can be firmly connected to the barrel (1), a locking mechanism, a firing pin mechanism, optionally a gas mechanism, the lower receiver (22) comprising at least one grip (84), a magazine (83) and a trigger mechanism (82), the upper receiver (21) and the lower receiver (22) being connected to one another in the assembled, ready-to-fire state,
characterized in that,on the housing, especially on the upper receiver (21) a seat (5) is provided or integrally formed, and in that,one hand, the barrel extension (3) and, on the other hand, the seat (5), possibly directly the upper receiver (21), are connected to one another by means of a clamp (6), in that,the barrel extension (3) and the clamp (6) comprise corresponding prismatic guide surfaces (321, 62) running parallel to the barrel axis (11) in the mounted, ready-to-fire state of the weapon, that the barrel extension (3) is fastened on the upper receiver (21) by means of a tension lever (4), which is rotatable in the upper receiver (21) about an axis of rotation (452) that runs normal to the weapon center plane between two end positions, the ready-to-fire position and the dismantling position, with at least one excentre (48) and an grip (43) and a nose (41) formed on the tension lever, in that,a pin (42) being provided for connecting the clamp (6) and the tension lever (4) along the axis of rotation (452) through at least one clamp hole (65) or excentre hole (45) formed normal to the weapon center plane, and in that,in the ready-to-fire position, the barrel extension (3) rests with a rear stop surface (36) on the seat (5) and is clamped backwards by the nose (41) against the forward barrel direction (91) and that the excentre (48) biases the clamp (6) in the vertical direction (93), and in that,in the dismantling position, the excentre (48) and the nose (41) lie entirely outside the path of movement of the barrel extension (3) in the forward barrel direction (91). - Firearm according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one slotted hole (55) is formed on the seat (5).
- Firearm according to claim 2, characterized in that the slotted hole (55) has a width (552) which substantially corresponds to a diameter D1 (451) of the excentre hole (45) and/or the clamp hole (65), and the length (551) thereof corresponds to 1.1 to 2.5 times, preferably 1.2 to 1.5 times the width (552).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the barrel extension (3) has at least one slot (38) formed parallel to the barrel direction (91).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the barrel (1) comprises a recess that is complimentary in shape to a flat (115) or to a nose (41) on a side facing the nose (41) in the ready-to-fire state.
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nose (41) is flattened in the transverse direction (92) and/or the barrel direction (91).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims 5 or 6, characterized in that, in the ready-to-fire position, the nose (41) and the flat (115) are spatially separated from one another by a clearance (416), the clearance (416) preferably having a width of 0.02 mm to 0.4 mm, particularly preferably 0.10 mm to 0.20 mm.
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension lever (4) has at least two excentres (48).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that lateral guide extensions (67) are formed on the clamp (6) and corresponding guide grooves (57) are formed on the seat (5).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a recess (371) for receiving the nose (41) is provided on the barrel extension (3).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamp (6) consists of a plurality of parts, preferably two parts.
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamp (6) is formed at least on one side with tapers (68) in the insertion area of the clamping surfaces (62).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that tapers are formed laterally on the prism (32), in the end region pointing to the rear stop surface (36) and in the transverse direction (92).
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the barrel extension (3) is integrally formed on the barrel (1) or is permanently connected to it.
- Firearm according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping surface (62) of the clamp (6) is designed to point outward in the transverse direction (92) and the corresponding prismatic guide surface (321) of the barrel extension (3) is designed to point inward.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19201455.3A EP3800434B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2019-10-04 | Gun, in particular a carbine |
PCT/EP2020/077111 WO2021063891A1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Firearm having a device for barrel clamping |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4038336A1 EP4038336A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
EP4038336C0 EP4038336C0 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
EP4038336B1 true EP4038336B1 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
Family
ID=68158930
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19201455.3A Active EP3800434B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2019-10-04 | Gun, in particular a carbine |
EP20775879.8A Active EP4038337B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Barrel unit for a firearm |
EP20775681.8A Active EP4038336B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Firearm having a device for barrel clamping |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19201455.3A Active EP3800434B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2019-10-04 | Gun, in particular a carbine |
EP20775879.8A Active EP4038337B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-28 | Barrel unit for a firearm |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US11333460B2 (en) |
EP (3) | EP3800434B1 (en) |
BR (2) | BR112022003239A2 (en) |
CA (2) | CA3156638A1 (en) |
IL (2) | IL290580A (en) |
WO (2) | WO2021063876A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3800434B1 (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2023-11-01 | Glock Technology GmbH | Gun, in particular a carbine |
US11598600B2 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2023-03-07 | Robert W. Landies, III | Quick-change barrel for a firearm |
EP4194795A1 (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-14 | Glock Technology GmbH | Device for forming a secondary attachment of a front shaft |
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-
2019
- 2019-10-04 EP EP19201455.3A patent/EP3800434B1/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-09-18 US US17/026,027 patent/US11333460B2/en active Active
- 2020-09-28 US US17/753,945 patent/US11841201B2/en active Active
- 2020-09-28 US US17/754,449 patent/US20220341696A1/en active Pending
- 2020-09-28 WO PCT/EP2020/077084 patent/WO2021063876A1/en unknown
- 2020-09-28 EP EP20775879.8A patent/EP4038337B1/en active Active
- 2020-09-28 BR BR112022003239A patent/BR112022003239A2/en unknown
- 2020-09-28 CA CA3156638A patent/CA3156638A1/en active Pending
- 2020-09-28 CA CA3152033A patent/CA3152033A1/en active Pending
- 2020-09-28 EP EP20775681.8A patent/EP4038336B1/en active Active
- 2020-09-28 BR BR112022003017A patent/BR112022003017A2/en unknown
- 2020-09-28 WO PCT/EP2020/077111 patent/WO2021063891A1/en active Application Filing
-
2022
- 2022-02-13 IL IL290580A patent/IL290580A/en unknown
- 2022-02-24 IL IL290874A patent/IL290874A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3152033A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
IL290874A (en) | 2022-04-01 |
WO2021063876A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
EP4038337A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
EP4038336C0 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
BR112022003239A2 (en) | 2022-07-19 |
BR112022003017A2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
EP4038337B1 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
EP3800434A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
US11841201B2 (en) | 2023-12-12 |
CA3156638A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
US11333460B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
EP4038337C0 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
US20210164750A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
EP3800434B1 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
EP4038336A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
WO2021063891A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
IL290580A (en) | 2022-04-01 |
US20220341695A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 |
EP3800434C0 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
US20220341696A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 |
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