EP3695620B1 - Transducteur acoustique amélioré - Google Patents
Transducteur acoustique amélioré Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3695620B1 EP3695620B1 EP17797442.5A EP17797442A EP3695620B1 EP 3695620 B1 EP3695620 B1 EP 3695620B1 EP 17797442 A EP17797442 A EP 17797442A EP 3695620 B1 EP3695620 B1 EP 3695620B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sound
- sound field
- signal
- impedance
- acoustic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 26
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000000883 ear external Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003454 tympanic membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
- H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
- H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1091—Details not provided for in groups H04R1/1008 - H04R1/1083
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
- H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication
Definitions
- the present document relates to a device, a method, a signal processing unit, data for acoustic reproduction, a sound transducer, in particular headphones or earphones, and a software product for improving sound reproduction.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating or at least reducing the above problems in order to achieve improved sound reproduction.
- a non-claimed device for acoustic reproduction wherein the device is provided with a first electro-acoustic sound transducer for generating a sound field and wherein the first electro-acoustic sound transducer has an input for receiving an electrical signal for generating the corresponding sound field, the device thereby characterized in that a device is also provided which is set up to enter into an acoustic interaction with the sound field generated by the first electroacoustic sound transducer in order to generate a modified To generate a sound field and it is provided that the modified sound field has a predetermined acoustic impedance value.
- the device can be at least one acoustic resonator and/or at least one further electroacoustic sound transducer.
- An electroacoustic sound transducer is therefore proposed either in cooperation with at least one further electroacoustic sound transducer or in cooperation with at least one resonator.
- an acoustic interaction is aimed at generating a modified sound field, so that the modified sound field has a predetermined acoustic impedance value.
- both of the aforementioned variants are set up to set different impedance values or variable impedance values for the modified sound field.
- the first electroacoustic sound transducer and/or the further electroacoustic sound transducer can be set up to receive an electrical signal as a function of impedance information and to convert it into an acoustic signal so that the modified sound field has a predetermined acoustic impedance value as a result of the corresponding acoustic interaction.
- the acoustic resonator can be designed as a recess, a hole or as a Helmholtz resonator, with this being implemented in particular on the housing of the device, in particular in the inner and/or outer housing area.
- the first electroacoustic sound converter and/or the further electroacoustic sound converter and/or the acoustic resonator can be controllable by means of a corresponding electrical signal in order to set different acoustic impedance values in the modified sound field.
- the control can take place either directly via the electrical audio signal to be fed in and/or via a separate signalling.
- the device having a measuring unit, in particular a microphone for measuring a sound field parameter in order to be able to derive a given impedance value in the sound field in order to enable a subsequent electrical adaptation signal to be generated.
- a measuring unit in particular a microphone for measuring a sound field parameter in order to be able to derive a given impedance value in the sound field in order to enable a subsequent electrical adaptation signal to be generated.
- one or more of the embodiments proposed according to the invention are set up to actively carry out a measurement via a control loop in order to measure a current impedance value in the sound field in order to subsequently implement readjustment by generating a suitable signal.
- the device is designed as a headphone or earphone.
- a corresponding housing for accommodating the device can be provided and designed as a helmet.
- a device in which the position and/or the alignment of the first electroacoustic sound transducer and/or the further electroacoustic sound transducer and/or the acoustic resonator is designed to be changeable and can be changed and adjusted as required, in particular by means of a suitable electrical signal.
- the frequency response and/or the oscillating mass can be designed to be controllable.
- a signal processing unit for processing signals for acoustic reproduction which is set up to process a further signal for acoustic interaction with the first sound field as a function of a first signal which is provided for generating a first sound field in order to to generate a modified sound field, it being provided that the modified sound field has a predetermined acoustic impedance value.
- a signal processing unit is proposed, the signal processing unit providing a factor depending on at least one sound pressure signal and/or a sound velocity of the first signal in order to generate a modified sound field, it being provided that the modified sound field has a predetermined acoustic impedance value.
- a signal processing unit is proposed, the sound pressure signal and/or the sound velocity being derived by means of a measurement, in particular by means of at least one microphone.
- a signal processing unit is proposed, the signal processing unit being set up to process an impedance signal so that the impedance signal can be provided to a sound transducer.
- the modified sound field having a temporally predetermined variable acoustic impedance value.
- a signal processing unit is also proposed, the signal processing unit being set up to process further relevant acoustic parameters, in particular geometric parameters of a headphone or an earphone, in order to set the predetermined acoustic impedance value for the modified sound field.
- data for acoustic reproduction are proposed which have data elements for acoustic interaction with a first sound field, the data elements being set up to generate a modified sound field, it being provided that the modified sound field has a predetermined acoustic impedance value.
- data are proposed, the data elements being set up and designed in such a way that they can be converted into a corresponding electrical signal in order to be reproduced in a later step by an acoustic resonator and/or by at least one electroacoustic sound transducer.
- the data elements can have impedance information.
- data are proposed, the data containing control data for controlling the acoustic resonator and/or the at least one electro-acoustic sound transducer.
- a processing device for processing and/or reproducing the data is proposed, the data corresponding to one of the above data variants and the processing device being in particular a smartphone, notebook, laptop, tablet PC, personal computer, wireless transmitter or server.
- a sound converter is proposed, the sound converter being set up for playing back a generated signal by means of one of the signal processing units proposed above and/or data proposed from above.
- a software product which is stored on a storage medium and can be processed by an electronic data processing unit, is adapted to implement one of the signal processing units presented above and/or to generate or reproduce data presented above.
- a method for acoustic reproduction is proposed, the method having the following steps: generating a first sound field and generating a second signal for acoustic interaction with the first sound field in order to generate a modified sound field, it being provided that the modified sound field has a predetermined has acoustic impedance value.
- the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a headphone or earphone as part of a system according to the invention not only simulates the sound pressure signal, but also the sound field impedance generated by a distant sound source at the ear in order to improve negative phenomena such as IKL or SLD or entirely to avoid.
- the headphones ideally do not receive a sound pressure signal that contains head-related sound pressure frequency responses, since these are self-adjusting if the sound field impedance is set correctly in the headphones.
- the so-called outer ear transfer function (HRTF) only describes the relationship between the two ears. In the following, the procedure is described as to how the sound field impedance considered relevant for hearing is defined and how this can be measured.
- a measurement method is required that indicates whether a headphone generates a sound field impedance that is relevant in terms of avoiding IKL and SLD. This is indicated when the measurement method with headphones provides the same result as with loudspeakers.
- the proposed measurement method expands the known method for determining the head-related sound pressure transfer function (outer ear transfer function, HRTF) by a second transfer function that contains information about the sound field impedance.
- a measurement test bench can be set up that can be used both for Loudspeaker as well as headphone sound reinforcement is suitable to determine a signal S p dependent on the sound pressure and a signal Sz dependent on the sound pressure and the sound field impedance ( figure 1 ).
- the signals S p and Sz result at the outputs of the microphones for the left and right ear. These signals depend on the frequency and the angle of incidence of the sound. If the artificial head is now exposed to the same signals via headphones (with possible signal processing), the signals S' p and S' Z are measured.
- test bench for the headphones does not have to be an artificial head.
- a comparable measurement method which is however limited to the sound pressure, has long been used in binaural technology to generate spatially perceptible sound fields in headphones.
- H p describes the change in sound pressure caused by the presence of a human head (body) and the relationship between the ears.
- this function also known as the outer ear transfer function (or HRTF) in current binaural technology, must be corrected for the sound pressure generated by this field impedance itself in a new headphone that simulates the sound field impedance.
- HRTF outer ear transfer function
- the signal Sz is new and, compared to the pure sound pressure signal S p , provides additional information about the sound field in front of the ear. It describes the acoustic resistance at the ear entrance of a human head, which a force source Q located in the ear canal feels when it exerts a force F Q against an external sound field.
- the force F Q is derived from the pressure in the ear canal by means of a suitable mechanism (a microphone that is not described in detail) and acts back on the sound field in phase with the pressure. For this reason the signal Sz is also dependent on the sound pressure.
- the force source Q is itself exposed to the force F F of the external sound field.
- an impedance transfer function Hz can be determined from the signal v Q by relating v Q to the signal of a free-field measurement without a head:
- H Z v Q ⁇ Ear / v Q ⁇ free field
- Hz thus represents an extension of the previous head-related properties and can be used to characterize the properties of headphones with regard to the acoustic sound field impedance in front of the ear.
- an impedance microphone The application of the method described for measuring the signal Sz combined with a pressure sensor is referred to here as an impedance microphone. It is able to deliver both a sound pressure signal and a signal dependent on the sound field impedance.
- the sound field conditions in front of the ear of a human head when exposed to sound from a distant sound source are modeled for a headphone or earphone that is characterized by an improvement in the localization in the median plane, in particular with regard to the forward localization.
- a head-related impedance signal and a frequency-independent sound pressure signal are transmitted to the headphones.
- a vibration transducer impresses a proportional velocity signal into the headphone chamber and generates the corresponding head-related sound pressure at the specified sound field impedance.
- simplified systems can also be useful, in which the most important properties of the real sound field impedance at the ear are transferred to headphones.
- a modeling of the sound field impedance is realized with the help of sound transducer pairs.
- a specific sound field impedance is achieved through the use of two sound transducers in a headphone capsule.
- the desired sound field impedance can be influenced in the arranged direction.
- the sound pressures p 1 , p 2 and the sound velocities v 1 , v 2 of the individual sound transducers are first determined using a suitable impedance measurement method (2-microphone method) or by previously determined sound pressures and sound velocities based on geometry-related values.
- a factor k F can then be calculated from this, which describes the signal difference between the two sound transducers.
- FIG. 8 shows a simple principle with signal processing that calculates the signal K 2 for the second loudspeaker as a function of the value of the sound field impedance present at the input.
- Signal conditioning can also be part of a computer simulation when Z Fx changes over time, as with moving sound sources or when using head trackers.
- p 1 , p 2 and v 1 , v 2 are determined from individual measurements of the sound transducers Lsp1,2 using the 2-microphone method.
- S p is the sound pressure signal and Z Fx is the impedance information.
- FIG 3 a modeling of the sound field impedance with passive acoustic resonators is proposed.
- the resonator consists of a tube with any cross-sectional area, one opening of which is in the volume between the ear and the sound transducer protrudes. Other resonators can also be used here.
- the accelerated air in the tube represents a mass, which together with the rigidity of the air volume forms a resonance system.
- the mass character of the sound field occurs above the resonance frequency.
- the bandwidth and the quality of the system can also be influenced with a flow resistance.
- a combination of several resonators can also be implemented.
- a modeling of the sound field impedance with active electroacoustic systems is proposed.
- Acoustic impedances can be specifically modeled with a system consisting of a microphone, sound transducer, amplifier and a simulation function.
- Simple analog realizable examples are masses, springs, flow resistances or resonators.
- Digital networks are considerably more versatile, but require very low latency times. The principle is based on modeling the relationship between pressure and velocity in the KH pressure chamber. The pressure-signal proportionality of the microphone M and the signal-diaphragm velocity proportionality of the converter W Z are important for the correct function.
- the emulation function reacts to the pressure signal at the input with a speed signal at the output. This signal controls the transducer W Z , whose membrane executes a proportional speed. If the amount of air moved is large enough, it determines the sound field in the headphones.
- the replica can also have another input that can be used to control the shape of this transfer function.
- a function for analog simulation of sound field impedances in headphones is shown.
- the sound field at the ear of the human head in the free sound field and at low frequencies can be described in a first approximation as a plane wave and a scattered wave, which is reflected by a sphere considered to be "breathing".
- the following example shows what an analog replica of 1/Z F can look like.
- the example shows an additional simulation 2 of an interference that leads to a minimum in the sound pressure.
- the active electro-acoustic systems to influence the Sound field impedance interesting.
- the shape of the earphones is important here, as two sound transducers and a microphone can be accommodated in such a space-saving manner that they can still be worn comfortably by the listener. Further in figure 6 various arrangements of the sound transducers in an earphone are specified.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Stereophonic System (AREA)
Claims (2)
- Système de restitution acoustique comprenant :un casque ou écouteur avec un microphone (M) pour la mesure d'un paramètre de champ sonore, un premier transducteur électroacoustique pour la génération d'un champ sonore et un second transducteur électroacoustique qui est conçu pour avoir une interaction acoustique avec le champ sonore généré du premier transducteur électroacoustique afin de générer un champ sonore modifié ; etune unité de traitement de signal, dans lequel l'unité de traitement de signal est conçue pour commander le premier transducteur électroacoustique et le second transducteur électroacoustique au moyen de signaux électriques ;caractérisé en ce quel'unité de traitement de signal est en outre conçue pour déterminer à partir du paramètre de champ sonore mesuré une valeur d'impédance donnée dans le champ sonore et de dériver de celle-ci un signal d'adaptation électrique et de commander le second transducteur électroacoustique sur la base du signal d'adaptation électrique afin de régler dans le champ sonore modifié des valeurs d'impédance acoustiques selon un signal d'impédance (SZ).
- Système de restitution acoustique selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la position et/ou l'orientation du premier transducteur électroacoustique et/ou du second transducteur électroacoustique peut être modifiée au moyen d'un signal électrique approprié et réglée si besoin.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2017/056268 WO2019073283A1 (fr) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Transducteur acoustique amélioré |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3695620A1 EP3695620A1 (fr) | 2020-08-19 |
EP3695620B1 true EP3695620B1 (fr) | 2023-07-05 |
Family
ID=60302425
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17797442.5A Active EP3695620B1 (fr) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Transducteur acoustique amélioré |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11115752B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3695620B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN111213390B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019073283A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (34)
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US20040017921A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-01-29 | Mantovani Jose Ricardo Baddini | Electrical impedance based audio compensation in audio devices and methods therefor |
ES2291870T3 (es) * | 2003-04-15 | 2008-03-01 | BRUEL & KJAER SOUND & VIBRATION MEASUREMENT A/S | Procedimiento y dispositivo para determinar la impedancia de transferencia acustica. |
US20070154049A1 (en) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-07-05 | Igor Levitsky | Transducer, headphone and method for reducing noise |
US8594351B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2013-11-26 | Bose Corporation | Equalized earphones |
US8027481B2 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2011-09-27 | Terry Beard | Personal hearing control system and method |
US20080170710A1 (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-07-17 | Solteras, Inc. | Headphone driver with improved frequency response |
US8737664B2 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2014-05-27 | Apple Inc. | In-the-ear porting structures for earbud |
CH699322A1 (de) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-15 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Verfahren zum einstellen eines helmholtz-resonators sowie helmholtz-resonator zur durchführung des verfahrens. |
GB201021912D0 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-02-02 | Soundchip Sa | Noise Reducing Earphone |
WO2012165976A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-06 | Phitek Systems Limited | Dispositif intra-auriculaire incorporant une réduction active du bruit |
US9047855B2 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-06-02 | Bose Corporation | Pressure-related feedback instability mitigation |
US9173018B2 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2015-10-27 | Bose Corporation | Acoustic filter |
WO2014138735A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-12 | Gideon Duvall | Dispositif sélectif de transfert automatique de sons ambiants pour un canal auditif d'un utilisateur et procédé d'utilisation de ce dispositif |
DE102013205846A1 (de) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-09 | Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ohrkanal-Hörer und Ohrpass-Einheit für einen Hörer |
US8989427B2 (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2015-03-24 | Bose Corporation | Earphones |
US20140363002A1 (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2014-12-11 | DSP Group | Indication of quality for placement of bone conduction transducers |
CN104735569A (zh) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 | 耳机装置 |
US9301040B2 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-03-29 | Bose Corporation | Pressure equalization in earphones |
US9319780B2 (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-04-19 | Nxp B.V. | Smart passive speaker drive |
US9578412B2 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2017-02-21 | Apple Inc. | Mass loaded earbud with vent chamber |
CN105323666B (zh) * | 2014-07-11 | 2018-05-22 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | 一种外耳声音信号传递函数的计算方法及应用 |
TWM493215U (zh) * | 2014-08-06 | 2015-01-01 | Jetvox Acoustic Corp | 雙頻同軸耳機 |
US9621973B2 (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-04-11 | Samsung Electronics Company, Ltd | Wearable audio device |
US9856030B2 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2018-01-02 | Rohr, Inc. | Acoustic attenuation with adaptive impedance |
GB2532794A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-01 | Digital Audio S A | Versatile electroacoustic diffuser-absorber |
US9615158B2 (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2017-04-04 | Bose Corporation | Earpiece |
US9794694B2 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-10-17 | Turtle Beach Corporation | Parametric in-ear impedance matching device |
KR102445726B1 (ko) * | 2015-07-20 | 2022-09-21 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 외부 출력 장치의 유형에 따른 출력 제어 방법 및 장치 |
EP3288294B1 (fr) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-07-17 | Interacoustics A/S | Compensation in situ de mesures acoustiques |
US10779078B2 (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2020-09-15 | Steve SCHMIDT | Acoustic enhancement apparatus for mobile devices |
CN106303832B (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-12-27 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | 扬声器及提高指向性的方法、头戴式设备及方法 |
US10206051B2 (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2019-02-12 | Gn Hearing A/S | Occlusion control system for a hearing instrument and a hearing instrument |
WO2019042557A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-07 | Sonova Ag | Prothèse auditive rechargeable capable d'effectuer un auto-test et procédé pour tester une prothèse auditive |
US20210127199A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-04-29 | Mrspeakers, Llc | Earphone with uniform acoustic impedance |
-
2017
- 2017-10-11 US US16/754,542 patent/US11115752B2/en active Active
- 2017-10-11 CN CN201780095881.1A patent/CN111213390B/zh active Active
- 2017-10-11 EP EP17797442.5A patent/EP3695620B1/fr active Active
- 2017-10-11 WO PCT/IB2017/056268 patent/WO2019073283A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3695620A1 (fr) | 2020-08-19 |
CN111213390A (zh) | 2020-05-29 |
US11115752B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
WO2019073283A1 (fr) | 2019-04-18 |
CN111213390B (zh) | 2021-11-16 |
US20200275195A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 |
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