EP3658482B1 - Rotary tower crane - Google Patents
Rotary tower crane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3658482B1 EP3658482B1 EP18762830.0A EP18762830A EP3658482B1 EP 3658482 B1 EP3658482 B1 EP 3658482B1 EP 18762830 A EP18762830 A EP 18762830A EP 3658482 B1 EP3658482 B1 EP 3658482B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- boom
- height
- length
- guyed
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/82—Luffing gear
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tower crane with a tower which carries a jib and a counter-jib, with a jib guy being guided from a tower top to the jib and to the counter-jib.
- brace the boom usually one, two or even three guy ropes or rods to the boom from a tower top that rises above the boom and posted there.
- the articulation points of the guy ropes or rods on the boom can be approximately in the middle or in an inner third and / or in an outer third.
- “Inside” means a boom section closer to the tower, and “outside” means a boom section that protrudes further and is further spaced from the tower.
- a first bracing rod can be attached at about one third of the total boom length and a second guy bar at about two thirds of the total boom length.
- the "entire" boom length here means the boom without a counter-boom, that is to say the boom part on which the trolley moves.
- the bracing is usually also led to the rear of this counter-jib.
- the bracing is guided downwards over the top of the tower or bracing strut, which is then inclined to the rear.
- top-less tower cranes have also become popular that dispense with jib bracing and instead reinforce the jib itself to such an extent that it can absorb the forces as a bending beam jib.
- Such topless tower cranes are sometimes referred to as “flat-top” cranes or also “topless” cranes or “hammer-head” cranes, since they lack the tower top protruding from the jib.
- the main advantages of such top-less tower cranes are essentially the lower overall height and a simple assembly process.
- the font EP 2 041 017 B1 shows such a top-less tower crane and suggests an assembly method for this purpose that is intended to facilitate the construction of the crane.
- the font DE 10 2005 018 522 B4 also shows such a top-less tower crane, whereby the total tension-free bending beam boom should have several bearing points in order to be able to be mounted at different points on the upper end of the tower, so that the counter-jib has a greater length and a shorter length.
- Another top-less tower crane is, for example, from Scripture GB 14 93 715 or the brochure "The EC-B Flat-Top-Cranes" from Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH.
- the text shows a comparison between a guyed tower crane with a tower top and a flat top crane without a top ES 22 64 334 A1 . Therein it is proposed to mount the counter jib a little higher than the jib in order to further simplify the assembly.
- Tower cranes in which the jib bracing is kept quite short are, for example, from the text GB 13 11 767 A (which also discloses the preamble of claim 1) or known from the Spanish company JASO under the type designation H series, for example model variant J560. There is the boom up to
- the boom tip is relatively massive in order to be able to absorb the bending forces and moments that arise, which makes the crane overall relatively heavy and massive.
- the present invention is based on the object of creating an improved rotating tower crane of the type mentioned at the beginning, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and further develops the latter in an advantageous manner.
- a low overall height and easy assembly should be achieved without having to buy this through high component weights and excessive component geometries of the boom parts.
- the jib bracing only spans an inner jib section, the length of which is less than 40% of the total length of the jib, and an outer one Boom section, the length of which is more than 60% of the total length of the boom, forms an unrestrained bending beam boom, which has at least one boom piece that tapers in height, to which at least one boom part of greater height is connected on the inside and a boom piece of smaller height on the outside.
- the inside means a jib part arranged closer to the tower and the outside means a jib part further spaced from the tower.
- the jib height means the vertical extension of the respective jib part from its lower edge to its upper edge, which can be the vertical spacing from lower chord to upper chord when the jib parts are designed as a framework with upper and lower chords.
- the boom height of the non-braced outer boom part which acts as a bending beam, which is reduced away from the tower, can be designed in one or more stages, with a multi-stage tapering of the boom height, several conically tapered boom pieces, between each of which a non-tapered, in the height of the boom piece that remains constant can be provided.
- a continuous tapering of the boom height can also be provided in a further development of the invention, which can extend over approximately the entire length of the non-braced, outer boom part or at least a substantial part of it, for example over more than 50% or more than 75% of the length of the unrestrained outer branch part.
- the outer, non-guyed boom part can taper continuously and evenly in the boom height, starting from the anchorage point of the bracing, up to the boom tip.
- a reduction in boom height is provided much further in front of the boom tip.
- the aforementioned, conically tapered boom part can, for example, connect directly to the braced inner boom part or be attached to it be.
- at least one boom part of constant, relatively large boom height can first be attached to the inner, braced boom part, and the conically tapering boom piece can then be attached to this.
- several further boom parts can be attached than on the inner side of the said conical boom part.
- a part of the non-braced outer boom part that is tapered in the boom height can be more than a quarter or more than a third or even more than half of the total length of the outer, non-braced boom part, with the entire outer, non-braced boom part, for example, continuously tapering can be.
- the length ratio between its inner section of greater height and its outer section of reduced height can be selected to be different, with the inner boom section of greater height tending to be shorter than the outer section of reduced height.
- the inner jib section of greater height can be longer than the outer jib section of reduced height, with the sections of smaller and greater height each meaning sections of the outer, non-braced jib part.
- the inner boom section of greater height makes up about 15% to 60%, preferably 30% to 40% of the total length of the outer, untensioned boom part, while the outer boom section of reduced height has a length of 40% to 85% %, in particular about 60% to 70% of the total length of the unrestrained outer boom part.
- the strength of the reduction in the boom height can be dimensioned differently, for example a height reduction of at least 20% or at least 30% or at least 40% can be provided, ie the boom part of smaller height has a boom height of less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% of the boom height of the boom part of greater height. If only a conically tapering boom part is provided, its height at the outer end can be, for example, less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% of its height at the inner end.
- the inner, guyed part of the boom can also be kept shorter than the aforementioned 40% of the total length of the boom.
- the first third or the first quarter of the jib can be guyed, i.e. the attachment point of the outermost guy rope or the outermost guy rod can be at 25% or 33% of the total length of the jib (if the length counting is started on the tower, i.e. the the jib section hinged to the tower is length 0% and the jib tip 100%).
- the bracing can also be shortened even further, so that the outermost bracing point is, for example, only 20% or 15% of the jib length.
- the anchoring point - or the outermost anchorage point in the case of several attachment points in a multi-leg guying system - can be around 20-25 m.
- the height of the top of the tower, from which the bracing is guided to the jib, can advantageously be kept very small in order not to increase the overall height of the crane significantly above the upper edge of the jib.
- the top of the tower can be less than twice as high as the boom height.
- the upper end of the spire can be about 20% to 100% or 40% to 60% of the boom height above the top chord of the boom, if 100% is the maximum boom height.
- the top of the tower can for example be 50 cm to 2.5 m or 1 m to 1.5 m above the top edge of the boom.
- the said spire can extend approximately vertically above the tower and continue it vertically upwards, so to speak.
- the tower tip can also be inclined, for example arranged at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the tower tilted backwards towards the counter-jib or arranged tilted towards the front towards the jib.
- the bracing can also be led to the rear of the counter jib and attached there in front of the ballast weight on the counter jib.
- a hoist in particular a hoist winch with drive and possibly gearbox, can advantageously be arranged on the counter-jib, in particular in a counter-jib section which adjoins the ballast weight on the inside and is adjacent to the ballast weight.
- the lifting mechanism can be arranged between the ballast weight and the anchor point of the bracing on the counter-jib. This results in an overall positive distribution of the total weight and the counterweight balance, to which the mentioned hoist winch arrangement contributes.
- the hoist winch or the hoist mechanism can be spaced further from the tower than the anchorage point of the bracing.
- the inner, guyed boom part can also have a length that changes Own boom height.
- the inner, braced boom part can also have at least one conically tapering boom part that, for example, can form the articulation piece with which the boom is hinged to the tower.
- the section of the inner, braced boom part which tapers in the boom height can advantageously amount to at least 30% or more than 40% of the total length of the inner, braced boom part.
- the tapering of the boom height of the inner, braced boom part can be designed in one or more stages.
- the inner, braced boom part can also be tapered steplessly, continuously over essentially its entire length in the boom height, the boom height tapering towards the tower.
- the boom can advantageously be designed as a truss boom in which several longitudinal chords are connected to one another by cross braces.
- the boom can be designed as a three-chord boom with an upper chord and two lower chords as longitudinal chords. In this way, high strengths can be achieved with low manufacturing costs, with a small area exposed to wind being achieved at the same time, which is particularly important in the case of large cranes with high overhangs.
- bracing on the one hand and the boom on the other hand can be made of different materials.
- the jib parts in particular their upper and lower chords, can advantageously be made of fine-grain structural steel, so that swelling loads can be absorbed well.
- the bracing could in principle also be formed from steel, in particular a steel rod or a steel cable.
- the bracing can be constructed from plastic fibers, in particular from a high-strength fiber rope or in the form of laminated, plastic-fiber-reinforced bracing rods.
- the tower crane 1 comprises an upright tower 2, which can be designed as a bar framework and, for example, have a rectangular cross-section.
- a boom 3 is articulated, which is usually aligned lying, in particular approximately horizontally.
- a counter-boom 4 can be provided, which can also be arranged lying down, in particular horizontally, and can carry a ballast weight 5.
- a trolley 6 can be arranged to be longitudinally displaceable on the boom 3 in a manner known per se in order to be able to lower and lift the hoisting rope 7 and the load hook connected to it closer to the tower 2 or further away from the tower 2.
- the hoisting rope 7 can advantageously be lowered and raised with the aid of a hoisting mechanism 8, which is located on the counter jib 4 in the vicinity can be arranged to the ballast weight 5, in particular directly in front of the ballast weight 5.
- Fig. 1 shows, the jib 3 and the counter jib 4 are braced by means of a bracing 9, the said bracing 9 being guided over a tower top 10 or being attached there.
- Said spire 10 can extend upright from the upper end of the tower 2, to which the boom 3 is articulated, upwards beyond the boom 3.
- the said bracing 9 is made very flat and short, so that the angle of inclination of the bracing 9, which leads to the boom 3, can be only a few degrees.
- the spire 10 can protrude only a relatively small piece 11 over the top of the boom 3.
- the above-mentioned protrusion 11 of the spire 10 beyond the top of the boom 3 can be in particular about 20% to 100%, but possibly also in the range from 20% to 150% or 30% to 100% or 40% to 70% of the maximum Boom height AH of boom 3, cf. Fig. 1 .
- the articulation point 12 of the guying 9 on the boom 3 can be relatively close to the tower 2, the spacing of the said articulation point 12 from the tower 2 being less than 40% or less than 30% or less than 20% of the total length of the boom 3. If the bracing 9 is multi-legged so that it has several articulation points on the boom 3, the outermost articulation point 12, i.e. the articulation point 12 which is farthest from the tower 2, is spaced from the tower 2 in the manner mentioned.
- the bracing 9 can advantageously have only one point of articulation on the boom 3, although two guy ropes or rods could still be provided when viewed from above, which are then attached to the boom at the same distance from the tower.
- the articulation point 12 can be arranged at a distance of approx. 20-25 m from the tower 2, so that an outer, non-braced boom part 3a has a length of 60 m or more owns. It goes without saying that, in principle, other jib lengths can be used with bracing ratios that remain the same in relation to each other.
- Said outer, non-guyed boom part 3a can therefore be at least twice or even three times or even more than three times as long as the inner, guyed boom part 3i, which extends from tower 2 to the outermost articulation point 2 of bracing 9.
- the outer boom part 3a which remains untensioned, is adapted to the loads in its boom height AH.
- the outer boom part 3a has at least one conically tapering or vertically tapering boom part 3k, the inner end of which has a greater boom height than its outer end.
- the inner end means the end closer to the tower 2 and the outer end means the end further spaced from the tower 2.
- Fig. 1 can be connected to the mentioned boom part 3k, which tapers conically towards the boom tip, a boom part 3gh with a relatively greater height on the inside and a boom part 3kh with a relatively smaller boom height on the outside, the said greater boom height in particular the height of the inner end of the conically tapering boom part 3k and the said smaller height can correspond to the height of the outer end of the conical boom part 3k.
- the inner boom part 3gh with a relatively greater height can tend to be shorter than the outer boom part 3kh with a relatively smaller boom height.
- the length ratios of the jib parts with larger and smaller heights can be chosen to be different, with advantageously, the inner boom part gh of greater height can have a length l 3gh which can be in the range of 15% to 60%, in particular about 30% to 40% of the total length l 3a of the outer, unrestrained boom part 3a.
- the outer boom part 3kh with a relatively smaller height can have a length l 3kh which can be in the range of 40% to 85%, in particular about 60% to 70% of the total length l 3a of the outer, non-braced boom part 3a, cf. Figure 1 .
- Fig. 1 shows, the inside and outside of the conical boom part 3k adjoining boom parts each have a constant boom height AH, so that the unrestrained, outer boom part 3a has only one tapering step at which the boom height AH is reduced.
- the outer, non-braced boom part 3a it would also be possible for the outer, non-braced boom part 3a to continuously decrease or taper in boom height essentially over its entire length, i.e. from the articulation point 12 of the bracing 9 to the boom tip.
- the outer boom part 3a can each comprise two boom parts of greater height, two boom parts of smaller height and said conical boom part.
- Fig. 2 shows, the height step at which the boom height of the outer, non-braced boom part decreases, but can also be moved further inwards, for example in such a way that only one boom part of greater height on the inside and two boom parts of smaller height connect to the conical boom part on the outside. If necessary, it would also be conceivable to provide the conically tapered boom part directly at the articulation point 12 of the bracing 9 and to attach it directly to the braced inner boom part 3i.
- the inner, braced jib part 3i can also have at least one jib part 3k which tapers in the jib height AH, the jib height AH here decreasing towards the tower 2.
- Said conical boom part 3k of the inner, braced boom part 3i can in particular form the articulation piece of the boom 3 with which the boom 3 is articulated on the tower 2.
- the length of the tapering inner boom part can advantageously be more than 25% or more than 33% and also about 50% of the length of the inner, braced boom part 3i.
- the boom 3 can advantageously be constructed as a girder and be composed of several rigid boom parts which can each be rigidly connected to one another, for example by a bolt connection and / or a lockable plug connection.
- the boom parts can each have a plurality of longitudinal chords that are rigidly connected to one another by cross struts.
- the boom 3 can advantageously be constructed as a three-chord profile which has an upper chord and two lower chords as longitudinal chords.
- the boom 3 can advantageously be constructed from steel profiles, which can in particular be made from fine-grain structural steel.
- the bracing 9 advantageously comprises synthetic fibers, it being possible, for example, to provide a high-strength fiber rope and / or a laminated, synthetic fiber-reinforced bracing rod.
- the tower crane 1 can be designed as a top-slewing device in which the boom 3 can be rotated relative to the tower 2 about an upright axis.
- the tower crane 1 can also be designed as a bottom-slewing device, in which the boom 3 can be rotated together with the tower 2 about an upright axis.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Turmdrehkran mit einem Turm, der einen Ausleger und einen Gegenausleger trägt, wobei von einer Turmspitze eine Auslegerabspannung zum Ausleger und zum Gegenausleger geführt ist.The present invention relates to a tower crane with a tower which carries a jib and a counter-jib, with a jib guy being guided from a tower top to the jib and to the counter-jib.
Um bei Turmdrehkranen mit relativ großen Ausladungen, d.h. großen Auslegerlängen hohe Lasten aufnehmen zu können, ist es bekannt, den Ausleger abzuspannen, wobei üblicherweise von einer Turmspitze, die über den Ausleger aufragt, ein, zwei oder auch drei Abspannseile bzw. -stangen zum Ausleger geführt und dort angeschlagen sind. Je nach Auslegerlänge können die Anlenkpunkte der Abspannseile bzw. -stangen am Ausleger etwa mittig oder in einem inneren Drittel und/oder in einem äußeren Drittel liegen. Mit "innen" ist dabei ein näher am Turm liegender Auslegerabschnitt und mit "außen" ein weiter auskragender, vom Turm weiter beabstandeter Auslegerabschnitt gemeint. Beispielsweise kann eine erste Abspannstange bei etwa einem Drittel der gesamten Auslegerlänge und eine zweite Abspannstange bei etwa zwei Drittel der gesamten Auslegerlänge angeschlagen sein. Mit der "gesamten" Auslegerlänge ist dabei der Ausleger ohne Gegenausleger, also der Auslegerteil, an dem die Laufkatze verfährt, gemeint.In order to be able to accommodate high loads in tower cranes with relatively large overhangs, ie large boom lengths, it is known to brace the boom, usually one, two or even three guy ropes or rods to the boom from a tower top that rises above the boom and posted there. Depending on the boom length, the articulation points of the guy ropes or rods on the boom can be approximately in the middle or in an inner third and / or in an outer third. "Inside" means a boom section closer to the tower, and "outside" means a boom section that protrudes further and is further spaced from the tower. For example, a first bracing rod can be attached at about one third of the total boom length and a second guy bar at about two thirds of the total boom length. The "entire" boom length here means the boom without a counter-boom, that is to say the boom part on which the trolley moves.
Ist ein Gegenausleger vorhanden, der das Ballastgewicht trägt, ist die Abspannung üblicherweise auch nach hinten zu diesem Gegenausleger geführt. Bei Turmdrehkranen ohne Gegenausleger wird die Abspannung über die dann nach hinten geneigte Turmspitze bzw. Abspannstrebe nach unten geführt.If there is a counter-jib that carries the ballast weight, the bracing is usually also led to the rear of this counter-jib. In the case of tower cranes without a counter jib, the bracing is guided downwards over the top of the tower or bracing strut, which is then inclined to the rear.
In jüngerer Zeit sind auch Turmdrehkrane beliebt geworden, die auf eine solche Auslegerabspannung verzichten und stattdessen den Ausleger selbst so weit verstärken, dass dieser als Biegebalkenausleger die Kräfte aufnehmen kann. Solche spitzenlosen Turmdrehkrane werden bisweilen als "Flat-Top"-Krane oder auch "Topless"-Krane bzw. "Hammer-Head"-Krane bezeichnet, da ihnen die über den Ausleger aufragende Turmspitze fehlt. Wichtige Vorteile solcher spitzenlosen Turmdrehkrane sind im Wesentlichen die niedrigere Bauhöhe sowie ein einfacher Montageablauf.In recent times, tower cranes have also become popular that dispense with jib bracing and instead reinforce the jib itself to such an extent that it can absorb the forces as a bending beam jib. Such topless tower cranes are sometimes referred to as "flat-top" cranes or also "topless" cranes or "hammer-head" cranes, since they lack the tower top protruding from the jib. The main advantages of such top-less tower cranes are essentially the lower overall height and a simple assembly process.
Die Schrift
Einen Vergleich zwischen einem abgespannten Turmdrehkran mit Turmspitze und einem spitzenlosen Flat Top-Kran zeigt die Schrift
Turmdrehkrane, bei denen die Auslegerabspannung recht kurz gehalten ist, sind beispielsweise aus der Schrift
Auslegerspitze hin relativ massiv ausgebildet, um die sich einstellenden Biegekräfte und -momente abfangen zu können, was den Kran insgesamt relativ schwer und massiv macht.The boom tip is relatively massive in order to be able to absorb the bending forces and moments that arise, which makes the crane overall relatively heavy and massive.
Allgemein ist bei spitzenlosen Turmdrehkranen nachteilig, dass aufgrund der hohen Auslegerbiegemomente hohe Bauteilgewichte und ungünstig zu transportierende Abmessungen der Auslegerbauteile erforderlich werden, insbesondere bei Kranen großer Bauart > 300mt. Um die hohen Auslegerbiegemomente, insbesondere im inneren Auslegerabschnitt, der nahe beim Turm liegt, abfangen zu können, benötigen diese weiter innen liegenden Auslegerteile eine große Auslegerhöhe und massiv dimensionierte Längsgurte.In general, it is disadvantageous in the case of topless tower cranes that, due to the high jib bending moments, high component weights and dimensions of the jib components that are difficult to transport are required, in particular for cranes of large construction> 300mt. In order to be able to absorb the high boom bending moments, especially in the inner boom section, which is close to the tower, these boom parts located further inside require a large boom height and massive longitudinal chords.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen verbesserten Turmdrehkran der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet und Letzteren in vorteilhafter Weise weiterbildet. Insbesondere soll eine niedrige Bauhöhe und eine einfache Montierbarkeit erreicht werden, ohne dies durch hohe Bauteilgewichte und übermäßige Bauteilgeometrien der Auslegerteile zu erkaufen.Proceeding from this, the present invention is based on the object of creating an improved rotating tower crane of the type mentioned at the beginning, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and further develops the latter in an advantageous manner. In particular, a low overall height and easy assembly should be achieved without having to buy this through high component weights and excessive component geometries of the boom parts.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die genannte Aufgabe durch einen Turmdrehkran gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.According to the invention, the stated object is achieved by a tower crane according to
Es wird also vorgeschlagen, nur einen kleineren, inneren Auslegerteil über eine relativ niedrige Turmspitze abzuspannen und den größeren, äußeren Auslegerteil unabgespannt als Biegebalkenausleger auszubilden und in der Auslegerhöhe an die dort auftretenden Belastungen anzupassen. Insbesondere wird der äußere, unabgespannte Auslegerteil zwischen dem Anlenkpunkt der Abspannung und der Auslegerspitze in seiner Höhe signifikant verjüngt, so dass die Auslegerhöhe des unabgespannten äußeren Auslegerteils nach außen hin, d.h. mit zunehmender Ausladung kleiner wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Auslegerabspannung nur einen inneren Auslegerabschnitt, dessen Länge weniger als 40% der Gesamtlänge des Auslegers beträgt, abspannt und ein äußerer Auslegerabschnitt, dessen Länge mehr als 60% der Gesamtlänge des Auslegers beträgt, einen unabgespannten Biegebalkenausleger bildet, der zumindest ein sich in der Höhe verjüngendes Auslegerstück aufweist, an das sich innenseitig zumindest ein Auslegerteil größerer Höhe und außenseitig ein Auslegerstück kleinerer Höhe anschließt. Innenseitig meint dabei ein näher zum Turm angeordnetes Auslegerteil und außenseitig meint ein weiter vom Turm beabstandetes Auslegerteil. Mit der Auslegerhöhe ist die vertikale Auslegererstreckung des jeweiligen Auslegerteils von dessen Unterkante bis zu dessen Oberkante gemeint, was bei einer Ausbildung der Auslegerteile als Stabwerk mit Ober- und Untergurten die vertikale Beabstandung von Untergurt zu Obergurt sein kann.It is therefore proposed to brace only a smaller, inner boom part over a relatively low spire and to design the larger, outer boom part as a bending beam boom without bracing and to adapt the boom height to the loads occurring there. In particular, the height of the outer, untensioned boom part between the articulation point of the bracing and the boom tip is significantly tapered, so that the boom height of the untensioned outer boom part becomes smaller towards the outside, ie with increasing overhang. According to the invention it is provided that the jib bracing only spans an inner jib section, the length of which is less than 40% of the total length of the jib, and an outer one Boom section, the length of which is more than 60% of the total length of the boom, forms an unrestrained bending beam boom, which has at least one boom piece that tapers in height, to which at least one boom part of greater height is connected on the inside and a boom piece of smaller height on the outside. The inside means a jib part arranged closer to the tower and the outside means a jib part further spaced from the tower. The jib height means the vertical extension of the respective jib part from its lower edge to its upper edge, which can be the vertical spacing from lower chord to upper chord when the jib parts are designed as a framework with upper and lower chords.
Die sich vom Turm weg reduzierende Auslegerhöhe des unabgespannten äußeren Auslegerteils, der als Biegebalken fungiert, kann einstufig oder mehrstufig reduziert ausgebildet sein, wobei bei einem mehrstufigen Verjüngen der Auslegerhöhe mehrere sich konisch verjüngende Auslegerstücke vorgesehen sein können, zwischen denen jeweils ein sich nicht verjüngendes, in der Höhe konstant bleibendes Auslegerstück vorgesehen sein kann.The boom height of the non-braced outer boom part, which acts as a bending beam, which is reduced away from the tower, can be designed in one or more stages, with a multi-stage tapering of the boom height, several conically tapered boom pieces, between each of which a non-tapered, in the height of the boom piece that remains constant can be provided.
Alternativ zu einer stufenweisen Verjüngung der Auslegerhöhe des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils kann aber auch in Weiterbildung der Erfindung eine kontinuierliche Verjüngung der Auslegerhöhe vorgesehen sein, die sich über etwa die gesamte Länge des unabgespannten, äußeren Auslegerteils oder zumindest ein wesentliches Stück hiervon erstrecken kann, beispielsweise über mehr als 50% oder mehr als 75% der Länge des unabgespannten äußeren Ablegerteils. Beispielsweise kann sich der äußere, unabgespannte Auslegerteil von dem Anschlagpunkt der Abspannung beginnend kontinuierlich und gleichmäßig bis zur Auslegerspitze hin in der Auslegerhöhe verjüngen.As an alternative to a gradual tapering of the boom height of the outer, non-braced boom part, a continuous tapering of the boom height can also be provided in a further development of the invention, which can extend over approximately the entire length of the non-braced, outer boom part or at least a substantial part of it, for example over more than 50% or more than 75% of the length of the unrestrained outer branch part. For example, the outer, non-guyed boom part can taper continuously and evenly in the boom height, starting from the anchorage point of the bracing, up to the boom tip.
Vorteilhafterweise ist nicht nur der alleräußerste Teil der Auslegers in der Auslegerhöhe reduziert, sondern bereits sehr viel weiter vor der Auslegerspitze eine Reduzierung der Auslegerhöhe vorgesehen. Beispielsweise kann eine Reduzierung der Auslegerhöhe bereits bei der Mitte des unabgespannten äußeren Ablegerteils oder noch weiter innenliegend beginnen, beispielsweise bei etwa einem Viertel oder einem Drittel der Länge des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils (wenn die Länge des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils vom Turm her gezählt wird, so dass am Anschlagpunkt der Abspannung die Länge 0% und die Auslegerspitze die Länge 100% hätte).Advantageously, not only is the outermost part of the boom reduced in boom height, but a reduction in boom height is provided much further in front of the boom tip. For example, a Reduce the boom height as early as the middle of the unsupported outer jib part or even further inside, for example at about a quarter or a third of the length of the outer, unsupported jib part (if the length of the outer, unsupported jib part is counted from the tower, so that on The anchorage point of the guying would have a length of 0% and the jib tip would have a length of 100%).
Ist der Ausleger aus mehreren, jeweils starren Auslegerteilen, die beispielsweise als Fachwerkträger ausgebildet sein können, zusammengesetzt, beispielsweise verbolzt oder in anderer Weise starr aneinander gebaut, kann das vorgenannte, sich konisch verjüngende Auslegerteil beispielsweise direkt an den abgespannten inneren Auslegerteil anschließen bzw. daran angebaut sein. Alternativ kann an den inneren, abgespannten Auslegerteil zunächst zumindest ein Auslegerteil konstanter, relativ großer Auslegerhöhe angebaut und an dieses dann das sich konisch verjüngende Auslegerstück angebaut sein. Beispielsweise können auf der äußeren Seite des sich konisch verjüngenden Auslegerteils mehrere weitere Auslegerteile angebaut sein als auf der inneren Seite des genannten konischen Auslegerteils.If the boom is composed of several rigid boom parts, which can be designed as lattice girders, for example, bolted or otherwise rigidly built together, the aforementioned, conically tapered boom part can, for example, connect directly to the braced inner boom part or be attached to it be. Alternatively, at least one boom part of constant, relatively large boom height can first be attached to the inner, braced boom part, and the conically tapering boom piece can then be attached to this. For example, on the outer side of the conically tapering boom part, several further boom parts can be attached than on the inner side of the said conical boom part.
Ein in der Auslegerhöhe verjüngter Teil des unabgespannten äußeren Auslegerteils kann mehr als ein Viertel oder mehr als ein Drittel oder auch mehr als die Hälfte der gesamten Länge des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils betragen, wobei wie gesagt auch der gesamte äußere, unabgespannte Auslegerteil beispielsweise kontinuierlich konisch verjüngt sein kann. Betrachtet man den äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteil, kann das Längenverhältnis zwischen dessen inneren Abschnitt größerer Höhe und dessen äußeren Abschnitt redzierter Höhe verschieden gewählt sein, wobei tendenziell der innere Auslegerabschnitt größerer Höhe kürzer ist als der äußere Abschnitt reduzierter Höhe. Jedoch können auch andere Längenverhältnisse gewählt werden, bei denen der innere Auslegerabschnittrößerer Höhe länger sein kann als der äußere Ablegerabschnitt reduzierter Höhe, wobei hier mit den Abschnitten kleinerer und größerer Höhe jeweils Abschnitte des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils gemeint sind. Erfindungsgemäß macht der innere Auslegerabschnitt größerer Höhe (des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerabschnitts) etwa 15% bis 60%, vorzugsweise 30% bis 40% der gesamten Länge des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils aus, während der äußere Auslegerabschnitt reduzierter Höhe eine Länge von 40% bis 85%, insbesondere etwa 60% bis 70% der gesamten Länge des unabgespannten äußeren Auslegerteils aufweist.A part of the non-braced outer boom part that is tapered in the boom height can be more than a quarter or more than a third or even more than half of the total length of the outer, non-braced boom part, with the entire outer, non-braced boom part, for example, continuously tapering can be. Looking at the outer, non-guyed boom part, the length ratio between its inner section of greater height and its outer section of reduced height can be selected to be different, with the inner boom section of greater height tending to be shorter than the outer section of reduced height. However, other length ratios can also be selected, in which the inner jib section of greater height can be longer than the outer jib section of reduced height, with the sections of smaller and greater height each meaning sections of the outer, non-braced jib part. According to the invention, the inner boom section of greater height (of the outer, non-guyed boom section) makes up about 15% to 60%, preferably 30% to 40% of the total length of the outer, untensioned boom part, while the outer boom section of reduced height has a length of 40% to 85% %, in particular about 60% to 70% of the total length of the unrestrained outer boom part.
Die Stärke der Reduzierung der Auslegerhöhe kann verschieden bemessen sein, wobei beispielsweise eine Höhenreduzierung von zumindest 20% oder zumindest 30% oder zumindest 40% vorgesehen sein kann, d.h. der Auslegerteil kleinerer Höhe besitzt eine Auslegerhöhe von weniger als 80% oder weniger als 70% oder weniger als 60% der Auslegerhöhe des Auslegerteils größerer Höhe. Ist nur ein sich konisch verjüngendes Auslegerteil vorgesehen, kann dessen Höhe am äußeren Ende beispielsweise weniger als 80% oder weniger als 70% oder weniger als 60% seiner Höhe am inneren Ende betragen.The strength of the reduction in the boom height can be dimensioned differently, for example a height reduction of at least 20% or at least 30% or at least 40% can be provided, ie the boom part of smaller height has a boom height of less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% of the boom height of the boom part of greater height. If only a conically tapering boom part is provided, its height at the outer end can be, for example, less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% of its height at the inner end.
Der innere, abgespannte Teil des Auslegers kann auch noch kürzer gehalten werden als die zuvor genannten 40% der Gesamtlänge des Auslegers. Beispielsweise kann auch nur das erste Drittel oder das erste Viertel des Auslegers abgespannt sein, d.h. der Anschlagpunkt des äußersten Abspannseils bzw. der äußersten Abspannstange kann bei 25% oder 33% der Gesamtlänge des Auslegers (wenn mit der Längenzählung am Turm begonnen wird, d.h. der am Turm angelenkte Auslegerabschnitt ist Länge 0% und die Auslegerspitze 100%). Gegebenenfalls kann die Abspannung auch noch weiter verkürzt werden, so dass der äußerste Abspannpunkt bei beispielsweise nur 20% oder 15% der Auslegerlänge liegt.The inner, guyed part of the boom can also be kept shorter than the aforementioned 40% of the total length of the boom. For example, only the first third or the first quarter of the jib can be guyed, i.e. the attachment point of the outermost guy rope or the outermost guy rod can be at 25% or 33% of the total length of the jib (if the length counting is started on the tower, i.e. the the jib section hinged to the tower is length 0% and the jib tip 100%). If necessary, the bracing can also be shortened even further, so that the outermost bracing point is, for example, only 20% or 15% of the jib length.
Beträgt beispielsweise die Gesamtlänge des Auslegers 80 m oder mehr, kann der Abspannpunkt - oder bei mehreren Anschlagpunkten einer mehrsträngigen Abspannung der äußerste Anschlagpunkt - bei etwa 20-25 m liegen.If, for example, the total length of the boom is 80 m or more, the anchoring point - or the outermost anchorage point in the case of several attachment points in a multi-leg guying system - can be around 20-25 m.
Die Höhe der Turmspitze, von der aus die Abspannung zum Ausleger geführt ist, kann vorteilhafterweise sehr klein gehalten werden, um die Bauhöhe des Krans nicht signifikant über die Oberkante des Auslegers zu erhöhen. Beispielsweise kann die Turmspitze weniger als doppelt so hoch sein als die Auslegerhöhe. Beispielsweise kann das obere Ende der Turmspitze etwa 20% bis 100% oder 40% bis 60% der Auslegerhöhe oberhalb des Obergurts des Auslegers liegen, wenn mit 100% die maximale Auslegerhöhe bezeichnet wird. Beträgt beispielsweise die maximale Auslegerhöhe 2,5 m (was nur als einfaches Rechenbeispiels zu verstehen ist), kann die Turmspitze beispielsweise 50 cm bis 2,5 m oder 1 m bis 1,5 m oberhalb der Oberkante des Auslegers liegen.The height of the top of the tower, from which the bracing is guided to the jib, can advantageously be kept very small in order not to increase the overall height of the crane significantly above the upper edge of the jib. For example, the top of the tower can be less than twice as high as the boom height. For example, the upper end of the spire can be about 20% to 100% or 40% to 60% of the boom height above the top chord of the boom, if 100% is the maximum boom height. For example, if the maximum boom height is 2.5 m (which is only to be understood as a simple calculation example), the top of the tower can for example be 50 cm to 2.5 m or 1 m to 1.5 m above the top edge of the boom.
Die genannte Turmspitze kann sich dabei näherungsweise vertikal über dem Turm erstrecken und diesen sozusagen senkrecht nach oben fortsetzen. Alternativ kann die Turmspitze aber auch geneigt ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise spitzwinklig zur Längsachse des Turms nach hinten zum Gegenausleger hin verkippt angeordnet oder nach vorne zum Ausleger hin verkippt angeordnet sein.The said spire can extend approximately vertically above the tower and continue it vertically upwards, so to speak. Alternatively, however, the tower tip can also be inclined, for example arranged at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the tower tilted backwards towards the counter-jib or arranged tilted towards the front towards the jib.
Die Abspannung kann auch nach hinten zum Gegenausleger geführt sein und dort vor dem Ballastgewicht am Gegenausleger angeschlagen sein. Aufgrund der flachen Ausbildung der Abspannung kann vorteilhafterweise ein Hubwerk, insbesondere eine Hubwinde mit Antrieb und ggf. Getriebe, an dem Gegenausleger angeordnet sein, insbesondere in einem innenseitig an das Ballastgewicht anschließenden Gegenauslegerabschnitt, der benachbart zum Ballastgewicht liegt. Insbesondere kann das Hubwerk zwischen Ballastgewicht und dem Anschlagpunkt der Abspannung am Gegenausleger angeordnet sein. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine insgesamt positive Verteilung des Gesamtgewichts und des Gegengewichtsausgleichs, zu dem die genannte Hubwindenanordnung beiträgt. Die Hubwinde bzw. das Hubwerk kann von dem Turm weiter beabstandet sein als der Anschlagpunkt der Abspannung.The bracing can also be led to the rear of the counter jib and attached there in front of the ballast weight on the counter jib. Due to the flat design of the bracing, a hoist, in particular a hoist winch with drive and possibly gearbox, can advantageously be arranged on the counter-jib, in particular in a counter-jib section which adjoins the ballast weight on the inside and is adjacent to the ballast weight. In particular, the lifting mechanism can be arranged between the ballast weight and the anchor point of the bracing on the counter-jib. This results in an overall positive distribution of the total weight and the counterweight balance, to which the mentioned hoist winch arrangement contributes. The hoist winch or the hoist mechanism can be spaced further from the tower than the anchorage point of the bracing.
Um den Ausleger weiter an die Belastungen anzupassen und Gewicht zu sparen, kann auch der innere, abgespannte Auslegerteil eine sich über die Länge ändernde Auslegerhöhe besitzen. Insbesondere kann auch der innere, abgespannte Auslegerteil zumindest ein sich konisch verjüngendes Auslegerteil aufweisen, dass beispielsweise das Anlenkstück bilden kann, mit dem der Ausleger am Turm angelenkt ist.In order to further adapt the boom to the loads and to save weight, the inner, guyed boom part can also have a length that changes Own boom height. In particular, the inner, braced boom part can also have at least one conically tapering boom part that, for example, can form the articulation piece with which the boom is hinged to the tower.
Der sich in der Auslegerhöhe verjüngende Abschnitt des inneren, abgespannten Auslegerteils kann vorteilhafterweise zumindest 30% oder mehr als 40% der Gesamtlänge des inneren, abgespannten Auslegerteils betragen.The section of the inner, braced boom part which tapers in the boom height can advantageously amount to at least 30% or more than 40% of the total length of the inner, braced boom part.
Die Verjüngung der Auslegerhöhe des inneren, abgespannten Auslegerteils kann einstufig oder mehrstufig ausgebildet sein. Alternativ kann der innere, abgespannte Auslegerteil auch stufenlos, kontinuierlich über im Wesentlichen seine gesamte Länge in der Auslegerhöhe verjüngt sein, wobei sich die Auslegerhöhe zum Turm hin verjüngt.The tapering of the boom height of the inner, braced boom part can be designed in one or more stages. Alternatively, the inner, braced boom part can also be tapered steplessly, continuously over essentially its entire length in the boom height, the boom height tapering towards the tower.
Der Ausleger kann vorteilhafterweise als Fachwerkausleger ausgebildet sein, bei dem mehrere Längsgurte durch Querverstrebungen miteinander verbunden sind. Insbesondere kann der Ausleger als Dreigurtausleger mit einem Obergurt und zwei Untergurten als Längsgurten ausgebildet sein. Bei niedrigen Herstellkosten können hierdurch hohe Festigkeiten erzielt werden, wobei gleichzeitig eine geringe Windangriffsfläche erzielt wird, was insbesondere bei großen Kranen mit hohen Ausladungen von Bedeutung ist.The boom can advantageously be designed as a truss boom in which several longitudinal chords are connected to one another by cross braces. In particular, the boom can be designed as a three-chord boom with an upper chord and two lower chords as longitudinal chords. In this way, high strengths can be achieved with low manufacturing costs, with a small area exposed to wind being achieved at the same time, which is particularly important in the case of large cranes with high overhangs.
Um die Kräfte im Ausleger, insbesondere in dessen Längsgurten, und auch in der Abspannung bei gleichzeitig geringem Gewicht abfangen zu können, können verschiedene Materialien zum Einsatz kommen. Insbesondere kann die Abspannung einerseits und der Ausleger andererseits aus verschiedenen Materialien ausgebildet sein.In order to be able to absorb the forces in the boom, in particular in its longitudinal chords, and also in the bracing while keeping the weight low, various materials can be used. In particular, the bracing on the one hand and the boom on the other hand can be made of different materials.
Die Auslegerteile, insbesondere deren Ober- und Untergurte, können vorteilhafterweise aus Feinkornbaustahl gefertigt sein, wodurch schwellende Belastungen gut abgefangen werden können.The jib parts, in particular their upper and lower chords, can advantageously be made of fine-grain structural steel, so that swelling loads can be absorbed well.
Die Abspannung könnte grundsätzlich auch aus Stahl, insbesondere einer Stahlstange oder einem Stahlseil gebildet sein. Vorteilhafterweise aber kann die Abspannung aus Kunststofffasern aufgebaut sein, insbesondere aus einem hochfesten Faserseil oder in Form von laminierten, kunststofffaserverstärkten Abspannstangen.The bracing could in principle also be formed from steel, in particular a steel rod or a steel cable. Advantageously, however, the bracing can be constructed from plastic fibers, in particular from a high-strength fiber rope or in the form of laminated, plastic-fiber-reinforced bracing rods.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und zugehöriger Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
- Fig. 1:
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Turmdrehkrans nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, und
- Fig. 2:
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Turmdrehkrans nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der im Vergleich zur
Fig. 1 der unabgespannte, äußere Auslegerteil aus mehreren Auslegerteilen besteht.
- Fig. 1:
- a schematic side view of a tower crane according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, and
- Fig. 2:
- a schematic side view of a tower crane according to a further embodiment of the invention, in which in comparison to FIG
Fig. 1 the non-guyed, outer boom part consists of several boom parts.
Wie
Am oberen Ende des Turms 2 ist ein Ausleger 3 angelenkt, der üblicherweise liegend, insbesondere etwa horizontal ausgerichtet ist. Auf der dem Ausleger 3 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Turms 2 kann ein Gegenausleger 4 vorgesehen sein, der ebenfalls liegend, insbesondere horizontal angeordnet sein und ein Ballastgewicht 5 tragen kann.At the upper end of the
An dem Ausleger 3 kann in an sich bekannter Weise eine Laufkatze 6 längsverfahrbar angeordnet sein, um das Hubseil 7 und den damit verbundenen Lasthaken näher am Turm 2 oder weiter vom Turm 2 weg absenken und anheben zu können. Das Hubseil 7 kann vorteilhafterweise mit Hilfe eines Hubwerks 8 abgesenkt und angehoben werden, das an dem Gegenausleger 4 in Nachbarschaft zum Ballastgewicht 5, insbesondere unmittelbar vor dem Ballastgewicht 5 angeordnet sein kann.A
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Wie
Der Anlenkpunkt 12 der Abspannung 9 am Ausleger 3 kann relativ nahe beim Turm 2 liegen, wobei die Beabstandung des genannten Anlenkpunktes 12 vom Turm 2 weniger als 40% oder weniger als 30% oder weniger als 20% der gesamten Länge des Auslegers 3 betragen kann. Ist die Abspannung 9 mehrsträngig ausgebildet, so dass sie mehrere Anlenkpunkte am Ausleger 3 besitzt, ist der äußerste, d.h. am weitesten vom Turm 2 beabstandete Anlenkpunkt 12 in der genannten Weise vom Turm 2 beabstandet.The
Wie
Der genannte äußere, unabgespannte Auslegerteil 3a kann also mindestens zweimal oder auch dreimal oder auch mehr als dreimal so lang sein wie der innere, abgespannte Auslegerteil 3i, der sich vom Turm 2 bis zum äußersten Anlenkpunkt 2 der Abspannung 9 erstreckt.Said outer,
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Der innere Auslegerteil 3gh mit relativ größerer Höhe kann dabei tendenziell kürzer ausgebildet sein als der äußere Auslegerteil 3kh mit relativ kleinerer Auslegerhöhe. Grunsätzlich können die Längeverhältnisse der Auslegerteile mit größerer und kleinerer Höhe aber grundsätzlich unterschiedlich gewählt sei, wobei vorteilhafterweise der innere Auslegerteil gh größerer Höhe eine Länge l3gh aufweisen kann, die im Bereich von 15% bis 60%, insbesondere etwa 30% bis 40% der gesamen Länge l3a des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils 3a betragen kann. Der äußere Auslegerteil 3kh mit relativ kleinerer Höhe kann hingegen eine Länge l3kh aufweisen, die im Bereich von 40% bis 85%, insbesondere etwa 60% bis 70% der gesamten Länge l3a des äußeren, unabgespannten Auslegerteils 3a betragen kann, vgl.
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Die Länge des sich verjüngenden inneren Auslegerteils kann vorteilhafterweise mehr als 25% oder mehr als 33% und etwa auch 50% der Länge des inneren, abgespannten Auslegerteils 3i betragen.The length of the tapering inner boom part can advantageously be more than 25% or more than 33% and also about 50% of the length of the inner, braced
Der Ausleger 3 kann vorteilhafterweise als Stabwerkträger aufgebaut sein und aus mehreren starren Auslegerteilen zusammengesetzt sein, die jeweils starr miteinander verbindbar sind, beispielsweise durch eine Bolzenverbindung und/oder eine verriegelbare Steckverbindung.The
Vorteilhafterweise können die Auslegerteile dabei jeweils mehrere Längsgurte aufweisen, die durch Querstreben starr miteinander verbunden sind. Vorteilhafterweise kann der Ausleger 3 als Dreigurtprofil aufgebaut sein, das einen Obergurt und zwei Untergurte als Längsgurte besitzt.Advantageously, the boom parts can each have a plurality of longitudinal chords that are rigidly connected to one another by cross struts. The
Der Ausleger 3 kann vorteilhafterweise aus Stahlprofilen aufgebaut sein, die insbesondere aus einem Feinkornbaustahl gefertigt sein können.The
Die Abspannung 9 umfasst vorteilhafterweise Kunstfasern, wobei beispielsweise ein hochfestes Faserseil und/oder eine laminierte, kunstfaserverstärkte Abspannstange vorgesehen sein kann.The bracing 9 advantageously comprises synthetic fibers, it being possible, for example, to provide a high-strength fiber rope and / or a laminated, synthetic fiber-reinforced bracing rod.
Der Turmdrehkran 1 kann als Obendreher ausgebildet sein, bei dem der Ausleger 3 gegenüber dem Turm 2 um eine aufrechte Achse verdrehbar ist. Alternativ kann der Turmdrehkran 1 aber auch als Untendreher ausgebildet sein, bei dem der Ausleger 3 zusammen mit dem Turm 2 um eine aufrechte Achse verdreht werden kann.The
Claims (11)
- A revolving tower crane comprising a tower (2) that supports a boom (3) and a counterboom (4), wherein a boom guying (9) is led from a tower top (10) to the boom (3) and to the counterboom (4); wherein the boom guying (9) only guys one inner boom section (3i) whose length (l3i) amounts to less than 40% of the total length (L) of the boom (3); and wherein one outer boom section (3a) whose length (l3a) amounts to more than 60% of the total length (L) of the boom (3) forms a non-guyed bending beam boom that has at least one boom piece (3k) that tapers in the boom height (AH) and that is adjoined by at least one boom part (3gh) of greater boom height at the inner side and a boom piece (3kh) of smaller boom height at the outer side, characterized in that the boom part (3kh) of smaller height of the outer non-guyed boom section (3a) has a length (l3kh) that amounts to 40% to 85%, in particular 60% to 70%, of the total length (l3a) of the outer non-guyed boom section (3a).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with the preceding claim, wherein the length (l3i) of the inner, guyed boom section (3i) amounts to less than 30%, in particular approximately 15% - 25%, of the total length (L) of the boom (3); and/or wherein the outer, non-guyed boom section (3a) is two to four times as long or three times as long as the inner boom section (3i).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the tapering of the boom height (AH) of the outer, non-guyed boom section (3a) starts at a spacing from a link point (12) of the guying (9) at the boom (3), which spacing corresponds to less than two thirds or less than half or less than a third of the length (l3a) of the outer non-guyed boom section (3a).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the boom part (3kh) of smaller height of the outer non-guyed boom section (3a) has a length (l3gh) that amounts to at least the length (l3kh) or at least two thirds of the length of the boom part (3gh) of greater height of the outer, non-guyed boom part (3a).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the boom height (AH) at the outer end of the vertically tapered boom piece (3k) is in the range from 50% to 90% or 60% to 80% of the maximum boom height (AH) of the boom (3).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner, guyed boom section (3i) has at least one boom piece (3k) that tapers in the boom height (AH), that tapers toward the tower (2), and that has a length of at least 25% or of at least 33% or of approximately 50% of the length of the inner, guyed boom section (3i).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the tower top (10) has a vertical protrusion (11) beyond the upper side of the boom (3), which protrusion (11) amounts to approximately 20% to 100% or 30% to 70% of the maximum boom height (AH) of the boom (3).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the boom (3) is formed as a frame section having three longitudinal beams that are rigidly connected to one another by transverse struts, with the longitudinal beams having a top flange and two bottom flanges.
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the boom (3) is produced from steel sections and the guying (9) comprises a plastic fiber structure in the form of a high-strength fiber rope and/or a laminated synthetic fiber reinforced bar section.
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein a hoisting gear (8) is arranged at the counterboom (4) to raise and lower a guy rope (7).
- A revolving tower crane in accordance with the preceding claim, wherein the hoisting gear (8) is fastened to the counterboom (4) between a ballast weight (5) that is fastened to the counterboom (4) and a link point (13) of the boom guying (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202017105291 | 2017-09-01 | ||
DE202017107301.7U DE202017107301U1 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2017-11-30 | Tower Crane |
PCT/EP2018/073463 WO2019043156A1 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2018-08-31 | Rotary tower crane |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3658482A1 EP3658482A1 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
EP3658482B1 true EP3658482B1 (en) | 2021-11-10 |
Family
ID=64745284
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18762830.0A Active EP3658482B1 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2018-08-31 | Rotary tower crane |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11459217B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3658482B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111278761B (en) |
DE (1) | DE202017107301U1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2905893T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019043156A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018122349A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | crane |
DE102020129454B4 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2023-08-17 | Tadano Demag Gmbh | Mobile crane with a boom system |
DE102020134714B4 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2023-09-28 | Tadano Demag Gmbh | Mobile crane with a luffing main boom and an additional boom system |
US11981541B2 (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2024-05-14 | P.I.P. Lift LLC | Lifting device |
CN114352024A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 中联重科建筑机械(江苏)有限责任公司 | Tower type material distributor |
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DE9218870U1 (en) * | 1991-10-02 | 1996-02-15 | Potain, Ecully, Rhône | Automatically collapsible tower crane |
FR2706882B1 (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-08-11 | Potain Sa | |
FR2788758B1 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2001-02-23 | Potain Sa | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MOUNTING THE MASTER HEAD OF TOWER CRANES |
FR2790252B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-04-06 | Potain Sa | DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUS FOLDING OR FOLDING OF CRANE BOOM TIP ELEMENTS |
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AU2016343543B2 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2021-04-01 | Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh | Device for detecting the replacement state of wear of a high-strength fibre cable for hoisting devices |
-
2017
- 2017-11-30 DE DE202017107301.7U patent/DE202017107301U1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-08-31 US US16/643,459 patent/US11459217B2/en active Active
- 2018-08-31 ES ES18762830T patent/ES2905893T3/en active Active
- 2018-08-31 EP EP18762830.0A patent/EP3658482B1/en active Active
- 2018-08-31 CN CN201880070203.4A patent/CN111278761B/en active Active
- 2018-08-31 WO PCT/EP2018/073463 patent/WO2019043156A1/en unknown
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US20200361753A1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
BR112020003897A2 (en) | 2020-09-01 |
CN111278761B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
EP3658482A1 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
CN111278761A (en) | 2020-06-12 |
WO2019043156A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 |
ES2905893T3 (en) | 2022-04-12 |
RU2020112227A (en) | 2021-10-04 |
RU2020112227A3 (en) | 2021-12-24 |
US11459217B2 (en) | 2022-10-04 |
DE202017107301U1 (en) | 2018-12-07 |
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