EP3644450B1 - Electrical connector having a plurality of containment members - Google Patents

Electrical connector having a plurality of containment members Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3644450B1
EP3644450B1 EP19205251.2A EP19205251A EP3644450B1 EP 3644450 B1 EP3644450 B1 EP 3644450B1 EP 19205251 A EP19205251 A EP 19205251A EP 3644450 B1 EP3644450 B1 EP 3644450B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strips
electrical connector
contact
members
contention
Prior art date
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EP19205251.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3644450A1 (en
Inventor
Razvan Ilie
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/15—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure
    • H01R13/18—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure with the spring member surrounding the socket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
    • H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
    • H01R4/183—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
    • H01R13/11—Resilient sockets
    • H01R13/111—Resilient sockets co-operating with pins having a circular transverse section

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical connector having a male contact and a female contact movable between an uninserted position, in which the male contact is away from the female contact, and an inserted position, in which an insertable electrically conductive part of the contact.
  • male is inserted along an insertion axis in a housing defined by the female contact.
  • the electrical connector is for example a power connector, that is to say it is suitable for transmitting a current of an intensity greater than or equal to 10A.
  • a first category includes connectors having an interface intended to guarantee a good contact surface.
  • the interface is usually done using wires or a stamped plate to create the correct shape.
  • This category has the advantage of having low insertion forces and good resistance to vibrations.
  • the number of parts used to produce the interface is relatively high, and the space occupied by the interface creates space.
  • this type of connector is relatively expensive.
  • the electrical contact is provided by the pressure of the two contacts, which must be high, in order to compensate for a small contact surface.
  • These connectors have a lower manufacturing cost, but also high insertion forces and poorer resistance to vibrations and fretting, that is to say to contact wear which affects the surfaces in contact with the contact. male and female contact.
  • the documents US6976862 and US4772233 each disclose an electrical connector according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the female contact comprises flexible strips surrounding the insertable part of the male contact, an annular retention member, formed by a curved blade in the shape of a “C”. , is sometimes used to increase the pressure of the lamellae on the insertable part.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide an electrical connector still exhibiting a reasonable insertion force, but also a lower electrical resistance, while remaining simple to manufacture and at a competitive price.
  • the invention relates to an electrical connector according to claim 1.
  • the electrical connector comprises one or more of the characteristics corresponding to claims 2 to 11.
  • the electrical connector 1 comprises a male contact 5 and a female contact 10 movable between an inserted position ( figures 1 and 2 ), in which an insertable part 12 ( figure 2 ) electrically conductive of the male contact is inserted along an insertion axis D in a housing 14 ( figure 3 ) defined by the female contact, and an uninserted position (not shown), in which the male contact is away from the female contact.
  • the non-inserted position can easily be deduced from the inserted position shown on the figures 1 and 2 by an axial translation of the male contact 5 relative to the female contact 10.
  • the electrical connector 1 advantageously comprises a first electrical insulator 16 adapted to be inserted into the housing 14 to protect a user (not shown) of the electrical connector.
  • the electrical connector 1 comprises a second electrical insulator 18 adapted to cover a distal end 20 of the insertable part 12 of the male contact 5.
  • distal is meant, for each of the contacts, the side defined by the direction of insertion along the insertion axis D.
  • proximal is meant the side opposite to the insertion along the axis. insertion D.
  • the electrical connector 1 further advantageously comprises insulating sheaths (not shown) respectively surrounding the male contact 5 and the female contact 10 around the insertion axis D to protect these contacts from any lateral electrical contact, in particular with an operator (not shown).
  • the insulating sheaths are obviously suitable so as not to oppose the insertion of the male contact 5 into the female contact 10 and to provide protection both in the uninserted position and in the inserted position.
  • the male contact 5 and the female contact 10 are adapted to be in electrical contact with at least two portions of electrical cable 22, 24, each comprising respectively a conductive part 26, 28, and an insulating sheath 30, 32 surrounding the conductive part, except, in the example, on a distal portion of the conductive part.
  • the term “conductor” is understood to mean a material whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is for example less than or equal to 10 -5 ⁇ .m.
  • the term “insulator” is understood to mean a material whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is for example greater than or equal to 10 5 ⁇ .m.
  • the conductive part 30, 32 is for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • aluminum alloy is meant here for example an alloy whose main component is aluminum, in a predominant mass percentage in the composition of the alloy.
  • the aluminum alloys considered are for example AL6060
  • the female contact 10 comprises a body 34, a ring 36 fixed to the body and receiving the portion of electric cable 24, a plurality of lamellae 38 projecting axially from the body, and a plurality 40 of retention members 40A, 40B , 40C, 40D annular structurally similar to each other and arranged on radially outer faces 42 of the lamellae 38.
  • the body 34, the ring 36 and the strips 38 are conductive. They are for example respectively made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the body 34 defines a bottom 44 of the housing 14, for example of cylindrical shape and in which the first insulator 16 is inserted.
  • the body 34 has a planar face 46 on which the conductive part 28 and the ring 36 are friction welded. In other words, there is a plane weld between the body 34, on the one hand, and the ring 36 and the conductive part 28, on the other hand, obtained by friction, by rotating at high speed the body on the ring and the conductive part.
  • the face 46 is perpendicular to the insertion axis D.
  • the friction welding is carried out by rotating the body relative to the ring 36 and to the conductive part 28 around the axis d 'insertion D.
  • the bottom 44 advantageously defines a cavity 48 for fixing the first insulator 16 on the body 34.
  • the strips 38 are distributed angularly around the insertable part 12 in the inserted position.
  • the slats 38 are at least two in number. In the example shown, the slats 38 are eight in number.
  • the slats 38 radially delimit the housing 14.
  • the strips 38 are advantageously identical to each other and distributed regularly around the insertion axis D. Two angularly consecutive strips 38 are advantageously separated by a slot 50.
  • Each of the lamellae 38 respectively defines a circumferential groove 52, and these circumferential grooves are aligned with each other around the insertion axis D and adapted to receive all the retention members 40A to 40D.
  • each strip 38 defines several circumferential grooves parallel to one another, each of the grooves receiving one or more of the retention members 40A to 40D.
  • the lamellae 38 are radially flexible, that is to say that their distal ends 54 are capable of approaching or moving away radially from the axis of insertion D.
  • the strips 38 are for example slightly curved towards the insertion axis D as one approaches their distal ends 54.
  • the distal ends 54 define a distal opening of the housing 14 having a smaller diameter D2 in the uninserted position than in the inserted position.
  • the slots 50 In the non-inserted position, the slots 50 have for example a length, along the insertion axis D, of between 5 mm and 80 mm, and a width, in the circumferential direction, of between 0.2 mm and 2, 5 mm.
  • the strips 38 In the inserted position, the strips 38 have radially inner faces 56 pressed against the insertable part 12.
  • the retention members 40A to 40D are adapted to exert centripetal radial pressure on the lamellae 38 in the inserted position.
  • the retention members 40A to 40D are four in number.
  • the number of retention members is two (in particular if there are four lamellae), three (in particular if there are six lamellae), six (if there are ten lamellae), or eight (if there are twelve slats).
  • the number of retention members is greater than or equal to the number of lamellae 38 divided by two.
  • Each of the retention members comprises for example a blade 58 ( figure 3 ) curved around the insertion axis D and having a "C" shape.
  • Each of the retention members 40A to 40D advantageously forms a ring having an interruption 60.
  • Each of the retention members 40A to 40D is advantageously made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the lamellae 38 of the female contact 10, and lower than that of the insertable part 12 of the male contact 5.
  • the restraints 40A to 40D are made of stainless steel, with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 14.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the interruption 60 measures, for example, between 0.1 mm and 3 mm in the circumferential direction.
  • the interruption 60 is suitable for giving each of the retention members 40A to 40D an elasticity suitable for keeping the strips 38 pressed against the insertable part 12.
  • the retention members 40A to 40D respectively have angular orientations with respect to the body which are distinct from each other.
  • the angular orientations are defined by the interruptions 60 and are distinct because the interruptions are not axially aligned.
  • the retention members 40A to 40D have other shapes than a blade curved into a “C”, but asymmetric around the insertion axis D, so as to always define an angular orientation around this axis.
  • the retention members 40A to 40D are offset, successively along the insertion axis, by an angle ⁇ equal to 90 ° with respect to the previous one.
  • the angular offsets are not successive (that is to say that the retention members are placed in a different order according to the insertion axis D), or are not identical (c ' i.e. they have different values of 90 °).
  • each angular offset is substantially equal to 360 ° divided by N, N being the number of retention members in the plurality.
  • the thickness of the blades 58 is for example between 0.5 mm and 3 mm in the radial direction.
  • the ring 36 defines an axially through housing 62 which receives the portion of electrical cable 24.
  • the ring comprises a base 64, and a casing 66 extending axially from the base and configured to surround the portion of electrical cable 28.
  • the base 64 and the conductive part 28 of the portion of electric cable 24 form a face 68 frictionally welded to the body 34.
  • this face 68 is perpendicular to the insertion axis D.
  • the casing 66 is adapted to be crimped in a sealed manner on the portion of electric cable 28.
  • the casing 66 has for example an outer surface 70 cylindrical around the insertion axis D.
  • the casing 66 comprises for example a main part 72, located axially close to the base 64 and in contact with the part conductor 28 of the electrical cable portion 24, and a crimping collar 74 in contact with the insulating sheath 32 of the electrical cable portion 24.
  • the main part 72 is advantageously thicker radially than the crimping collar 74.
  • the crimping collar 74 advantageously defines an interior groove 76 extending around the insertion axis D and in which an O-ring 78 is located to ensure the seal between the ring 36 and the insulating sheath 32.
  • the crimping collar 74 comprises, in section along a radial half-plane P, a radially projecting part 80 configured to bite into the insulating sheath 32.
  • the male contact 5 comprises an electrically conductive body 82, and a ring 84 provided to receive the portion of electric cable 22.
  • the insertable part 12 projects axially from the body 84.
  • the insertable part 12 comprises a contact portion 86 adapted to be in contact with the lamellae 38 in the inserted position, and the distal end 20 already mentioned above.
  • the insertable part 12 also defines an axial housing 88 opening onto the distal end 20 and adapted to receive the second insulator 18 ( figure 2 ).
  • the contact portion 86 has a radially outer surface 90 that is cylindrical.
  • the radially outer surface 90 is frustoconical.
  • the ring 84 of the male contact 5 is similar to the ring 36 of the female contact 10 and will not be described in detail.
  • the ring 36, 84 of one or the other of the male contact 5 and of the female contact 10 is replaced by a terminal fixed to the body of the contact in question, for example using a screw.
  • the first insulator 16 comprises a ring 92 adapted to cap the distal ends 54 of the lamellae 38, and clips 94 extending axially from the ring and provided to fit into the slots 50 between the lamellae to secure the first insulator on the female contact 10.
  • the first insulator 16 further comprises a base 96 located axially opposite the ring 92, and a finger 98 extending axially from the base towards the ring.
  • the fasteners 94 advantageously form bars fixed to the base 68 and oriented substantially axially.
  • the first insulator 16 thus has the appearance of a cylindrical cage.
  • the finger 98 is located substantially in the center of the housing 14 in view along the insertion axis D when the first insulator 16 is inserted into the housing.
  • the finger 98 has a distal end 100 substantially located in the center of the ring 92.
  • the finger 98 is for example substantially cylindrical.
  • the second insulator 18 ( figure 2 ) comprises a head 102 and a rod 104 adapted to be inserted into the axial housing 88 of the male contact 5.
  • the second insulator 18 defines a housing 106 extending axially and opening onto the head 102.
  • the housing 106 is adapted to receive the finger 98 of the first insulator 16 in the inserted position of the electrical connector 1.
  • the portions of electrical cable 22, 24 are received in the housings 62 of the rings 36, 84.
  • the portions of electric cable 22, 24 are introduced into the housings 62 defined by the rings.
  • the body 34 of the female contact 10 is friction welded to the face 68 formed by the conductive part 28 of the portion of electric cable 24 and by the base 64 of the ring 36.
  • the body 82 of the male contact 5 is friction welded to the face formed by the conductive part 26 of the portion of electric cable 22 and by the base of the ring 84.
  • the first insulator 16 and the second insulator 18 are advantageously inserted respectively into the female contact 10 and the male contact 5 along the insertion axis D.
  • the clips 94 are inserted into the slots 50 until the ring 92 masks the distal ends 54 of the lamellae 38.
  • the base 96 is then fixed on the body 34 by wedging, or alternatively by snap-fastening.
  • the rod 104 is introduced into the housing 88 of the insertable part 12 along the insertion axis D, until the head 102 covers the distal end 20.
  • the electrical connector 1 is then ready for use.
  • outer sheaths (not shown) protect the operator against any untimely contact in the radial direction with the male contact 5 or the female contact 10.
  • the first electrical insulator 16 protects the distal ends 54 of the female contact 10.
  • the ring 92 and the finger 98 cooperate to prevent the operator from inserting his finger into the housing 14.
  • the first electrical insulator 16 does not prevent electrical contact between the strips 38 and the radially outer surface 90 of the contact portion 86 of the insertable part 12.
  • the second electrical insulator 18 prevents the operator from touching the distal end 20 of the insertable part 12.
  • the electrical contact 1 is then placed in the inserted position shown on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the male contact 5 is inserted into the housing 14 along the insertion axis D.
  • the contact portion 86 penetrates into the housing 14, which causes a radial separation of the distal ends 54 of the strips 38. This radial separation is limited by the action of the restraining members 40A to 40D.
  • the finger 98 of the first electrical insulator 16 enters the housing 106 of the second electrical insulator 18, so that the electrical insulators 16, 18 do not hinder the insertion.
  • each of the retention members 40A to 40D expands, while applying centripetal pressure on the lamellae 38. This pressure contributes to press the radially inner faces 56 of the lamellae 38 on the contact portion 86 of the insertable part. 12.
  • the overall action of the retention members 40A to 40D is more homogeneous angularly than if there were for example only one retention member.
  • the strips 38 are therefore better placed on the contact portion 86, of which they match the radially outer surface 90.
  • the resistance of the electrical connector 1 is therefore reduced.
  • the electrical resistance of the electrical connector 1, measured over a length L between the bases of the rings, is almost equal to that of the conductive part of portions of electrical cable over this same length.
  • the retention members 40A to 40D expand less and exert a greater centripetal radial pressure on the strips 38 than in the unheated state. This results in an increase in the pressure exerted by the lamellae 38 on the insertable part 12, and an increase in the contact surface between the lamellae and the insertable part. This reduces the contact resistance and causes a decrease in the heating of the electrical connector 1 during use.
  • the electrical connector 1 In the inserted position, the electrical connector 1 has great mechanical stability thanks to the structure of the strips 38 and to the action of the retention members 40A to 40D. In addition, the insertion of the male contact 5 into the female contact 10 remains very easy due to the flexibility of the strips 38 and the elasticity of the retention members 40A to 40D.
  • the electrical connector 1 is therefore extremely efficient, both with regard to ease of insertion and resistance to vibrations.
  • the electrical connector 1 has a small footprint compared to its electrical performance.
  • the electrical connector 1 Due to its relatively simple structure, without interface, the electrical connector 1 remains simple to manufacture and competitively priced.
  • a female contact 110 constituting a variant of the female contact 10.
  • the female contact 110 is similar to the female contact 10 shown in the figures. figures 1 to 3 . Similar elements have the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described below.
  • the body 34 of the female contact 110 defines a groove 112 extending around the insertion axis D and opening into the housing 14. Axially, the groove 112 extends between the bottom 44 of the housing 14 and the strips 38.
  • the groove 112 is delimited axially, on the side of the ring 36 (not shown in the figure 6 ) by the bottom 44 of the housing 14.
  • the groove 112 is adapted to weaken, by thinning, the body 34 at the base of the lamellae 38. This makes it possible to reduce the insertion force of the male contact 5 by reducing the bending moment by 10% without however degrading the operation. electrical connector 1.
  • the female contact 10 comprises eight lamellae 38, and there are four retention members 40A to 40D, as shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the eight lamellae are numbered successively from 38.1, 38.2 to 38.8.
  • the slats 38.1 and 38.8 are located angularly on either side of one of the slots 52.
  • the dimensions of the slats are, for example: length: 33 mm; width 5.70 mm, height: 3.5 mm.
  • the homogeneous distribution makes it possible to have a homogeneous behavior during operation of the blades (same contact pressure for each blade with the male contact). This improves the electrical performance, the lifespan of the connector and the resistance to vibrations (elimination of the risk of loss of contact).
  • the angular offsets at 360 ° / N, N being the number of restraining members, made it possible to increase the contact surface and made its distribution on the sipes more homogeneous.

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  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un connecteur électrique comportant un contact mâle et un contact femelle mobiles entre une position non insérée, dans laquelle le contact mâle est à l'écart du contact femelle, et une position insérée, dans laquelle une partie insérable électriquement conductrice du contact mâle est insérée selon un axe d'insertion dans un logement défini par le contact femelle.The present invention relates to an electrical connector having a male contact and a female contact movable between an uninserted position, in which the male contact is away from the female contact, and an inserted position, in which an insertable electrically conductive part of the contact. male is inserted along an insertion axis in a housing defined by the female contact.

Le connecteur électrique est par exemple un connecteur de puissance, c'est-à-dire qu'il est adapté pour transmettre un courant d'une intensité supérieure ou égale à 10A.The electrical connector is for example a power connector, that is to say it is suitable for transmitting a current of an intensity greater than or equal to 10A.

On connaît actuellement deux catégories de ces connecteurs électriques. Une première catégorie englobe les connecteurs ayant une interface destinée à garantir une bonne surface de contact. L'interface est habituellement réalisée à l'aide de fils ou d'une plaque emboutie afin de créer la forme adéquate. Cette catégorie a l'avantage de présenter de faibles efforts d'insertion et une bonne tenue aux vibrations. Toutefois, le nombre de pièces utilisées pour réaliser l'interface est relativement élevé, et l'espace occupé par l'interface crée un encombrement. En outre, ce type de connecteur est d'un prix relativement élevé.Two categories of these electrical connectors are currently known. A first category includes connectors having an interface intended to guarantee a good contact surface. The interface is usually done using wires or a stamped plate to create the correct shape. This category has the advantage of having low insertion forces and good resistance to vibrations. However, the number of parts used to produce the interface is relatively high, and the space occupied by the interface creates space. In addition, this type of connector is relatively expensive.

Dans la seconde catégorie, le contact électrique est assuré par la pression des deux contacts, qui doit être élevée, afin de compenser une faible surface de contact. Ces connecteurs présentent un coût de fabrication plus faible, mais également des efforts d'insertion élevés et une tenue moins bonne aux vibrations et au fretting, c'est-à-dire à l'usure de contact qui affecte les surfaces en contact du contact mâle et du contact femelle. Les documents US6976862 et US4772233 divulguent chacun un connecteur électrique selon le préambule de la revendication 1.In the second category, the electrical contact is provided by the pressure of the two contacts, which must be high, in order to compensate for a small contact surface. These connectors have a lower manufacturing cost, but also high insertion forces and poorer resistance to vibrations and fretting, that is to say to contact wear which affects the surfaces in contact with the contact. male and female contact. The documents US6976862 and US4772233 each disclose an electrical connector according to the preamble of claim 1.

Afin d'améliorer la qualité de ce type de connecteur électrique, il a été proposé que le contact femelle comporte des lamelles souples entourant la partie insérable du contact mâle, un organe de contention annulaire, formé par une lame recourbée en forme de « C », est parfois utilisé pour augmenter la pression des lamelles sur la partie insérable.In order to improve the quality of this type of electrical connector, it has been proposed that the female contact comprises flexible strips surrounding the insertable part of the male contact, an annular retention member, formed by a curved blade in the shape of a “C”. , is sometimes used to increase the pressure of the lamellae on the insertable part.

Toutefois, il a été constaté que ces connecteurs, bien que donnant satisfaction car offrant un effort d'insertion raisonnable, présentent néanmoins une résistance électrique relativement élevée. En effet, notamment lorsque le connecteur sert à relier électriquement des portions de câble en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium, la résistance du connecteur reste sensiblement supérieure à celle d'une portion de câble de longueur équivalente.However, it has been observed that these connectors, although giving satisfaction because they offer a reasonable insertion force, nevertheless have a relatively high electrical resistance. In fact, in particular when the connector is used to electrically connect portions of aluminum or aluminum alloy cable, the resistance of the connector remains substantially greater than that of a portion of cable of equivalent length.

Un but de l'invention est donc de fournir un connecteur électrique présentant toujours un effort d'insertion raisonnable, mais aussi une résistance électrique inférieure, tout en restant d'une fabrication simple et d'un prix compétitif.An object of the invention is therefore to provide an electrical connector still exhibiting a reasonable insertion force, but also a lower electrical resistance, while remaining simple to manufacture and at a competitive price.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un connecteur électrique selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to an electrical connector according to claim 1.

Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation, le connecteur électrique comprend l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques correspondant aux revendications 2 à 11.According to particular embodiments, the electrical connector comprises one or more of the characteristics corresponding to claims 2 to 11.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de côté d'un connecteur électrique selon l'invention dans la position insérée,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe radiale du connecteur représenté sur la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue éclatée partielle, en perspective, du contact femelle du connecteur représenté sur les figures 1 et 2,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe radiale et en perspective d'une bague présente dans le contact mâle et dans le contact femelle du connecteur électrique représenté sur les figures 1 et 2,
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe radiale et en perspective d'une bague constituant une variante de la bague représentée sur la figure 4, et
  • la figure 6 est une vue partielle en coupe et en perspective d'un contact femelle constituant une variante du contact femelle représenté sur les figures 1 à 3.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a side view of an electrical connector according to the invention in the inserted position,
  • the figure 2 is a radial sectional view of the connector shown in figure 1 ,
  • the figure 3 is a partial exploded view, in perspective, of the female contact of the connector shown in figures 1 and 2 ,
  • the figure 4 is a view in radial section and in perspective of a ring present in the male contact and in the female contact of the electrical connector shown in figures 1 and 2 ,
  • the figure 5 is a view in radial section and in perspective of a ring constituting a variant of the ring shown in FIG. figure 4 , and
  • the figure 6 is a partial sectional view in perspective of a female contact constituting a variant of the female contact shown in the figures 1 to 3 .

En référence aux figures 1 et 2, on décrit un connecteur électrique 1 selon l'invention.With reference to figures 1 and 2 , an electrical connector 1 according to the invention is described.

Le connecteur électrique 1 comprend un contact mâle 5 et un contact femelle 10 mobiles entre une position insérée (figures 1 et 2), dans laquelle une partie insérable 12 (figure 2) électriquement conductrice du contact mâle est insérée selon un axe d'insertion D dans un logement 14 (figure 3) défini par le contact femelle, et une position non insérée (non représentée), dans laquelle le contact mâle est à l'écart du contact femelle.The electrical connector 1 comprises a male contact 5 and a female contact 10 movable between an inserted position ( figures 1 and 2 ), in which an insertable part 12 ( figure 2 ) electrically conductive of the male contact is inserted along an insertion axis D in a housing 14 ( figure 3 ) defined by the female contact, and an uninserted position (not shown), in which the male contact is away from the female contact.

La position non insérée se déduit facilement de la position insérée représentée sur les figures 1 et 2 par une translation axiale du contact mâle 5 par rapport au contact femelle 10.The non-inserted position can easily be deduced from the inserted position shown on the figures 1 and 2 by an axial translation of the male contact 5 relative to the female contact 10.

Le connecteur électrique 1 comprend avantageusement un premier isolant électrique 16 adapté pour être inséré dans le logement 14 pour protéger un utilisateur (non représenté) du connecteur électrique. De même, avantageusement, le connecteur électrique 1 comprend un deuxième isolant électrique 18 adapté pour recouvrir une extrémité distale 20 de la partie insérable 12 du contact mâle 5.The electrical connector 1 advantageously comprises a first electrical insulator 16 adapted to be inserted into the housing 14 to protect a user (not shown) of the electrical connector. Likewise, advantageously, the electrical connector 1 comprises a second electrical insulator 18 adapted to cover a distal end 20 of the insertable part 12 of the male contact 5.

Par « distal », on entend, pour chacun des contacts, le côté défini par le sens d'insertion suivant l'axe d'insertion D. Corrélativement, on entend par « proximal » le côté opposé à l'insertion suivant l'axe d'insertion D.By “distal” is meant, for each of the contacts, the side defined by the direction of insertion along the insertion axis D. Correlatively, by “proximal” is meant the side opposite to the insertion along the axis. insertion D.

Le connecteur électrique 1 comprend en outre avantageusement des gaines isolantes (non représentées) entourant respectivement le contact mâle 5 et le contact femelle 10 autour de l'axe d'insertion D pour protéger ces contacts de tout contact électrique latéral, notamment avec un opérateur (non représenté). Les gaines isolantes sont évidemment adaptées pour ne pas s'opposer à l'insertion du contact mâle 5 dans le contact femelle 10 et pour assurer une protection à la fois dans la position non insérée et la position insérée.The electrical connector 1 further advantageously comprises insulating sheaths (not shown) respectively surrounding the male contact 5 and the female contact 10 around the insertion axis D to protect these contacts from any lateral electrical contact, in particular with an operator ( not shown). The insulating sheaths are obviously suitable so as not to oppose the insertion of the male contact 5 into the female contact 10 and to provide protection both in the uninserted position and in the inserted position.

Le contact mâle 5 et le contact femelle 10 sont adaptés pour être en contact électrique avec au moins deux portions de câble électrique 22, 24, chacune comportant respectivement une partie conductrice 26, 28, et une gaine isolante 30, 32 entourant la partie conductrice, sauf, dans l'exemple, sur une portion distale de la partie conductrice.The male contact 5 and the female contact 10 are adapted to be in electrical contact with at least two portions of electrical cable 22, 24, each comprising respectively a conductive part 26, 28, and an insulating sheath 30, 32 surrounding the conductive part, except, in the example, on a distal portion of the conductive part.

Au sens de la présente demande, on entend par « conducteur » un matériau dont la résistivité électrique à 300 K est par exemple inférieure ou égale à 10-5 Ω.m. A contrario, on entend par « isolant » un matériau dont la résistivité électrique à 300 K est par exemple supérieure ou égale à 105 Ω.m.For the purposes of the present application, the term “conductor” is understood to mean a material whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is for example less than or equal to 10 -5 Ω.m. Conversely, the term “insulator” is understood to mean a material whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is for example greater than or equal to 10 5 Ω.m.

La partie conductrice 30, 32 est par exemple en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium.The conductive part 30, 32 is for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Par « alliage d'aluminium », on entend ici par exemple un alliage dont le composant principal est l'aluminium, à un pourcentage en masse prédominant dans la composition de l'alliage.By “aluminum alloy” is meant here for example an alloy whose main component is aluminum, in a predominant mass percentage in the composition of the alloy.

Les alliages d'aluminium considérés sont par exemples AL6060The aluminum alloys considered are for example AL6060

Le contact femelle 10 comprend un corps 34, une bague 36 fixée sur le corps et recevant la portion de câble électrique 24, une pluralité de lamelles 38 faisant saillie axialement à partir du corps, et une pluralité 40 d'organes de contention 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D annulaires structurellement analogues les uns aux autres et disposés sur des faces 42 radialement extérieures des lamelles 38.The female contact 10 comprises a body 34, a ring 36 fixed to the body and receiving the portion of electric cable 24, a plurality of lamellae 38 projecting axially from the body, and a plurality 40 of retention members 40A, 40B , 40C, 40D annular structurally similar to each other and arranged on radially outer faces 42 of the lamellae 38.

Le corps 34, la bague 36 et les lamelles 38 sont conducteurs. Ils sont par exemple respectivement en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium.The body 34, the ring 36 and the strips 38 are conductive. They are for example respectively made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Le corps 34 définit un fond 44 du logement 14, par exemple de forme cylindrique et dans lequel le premier isolant 16 est inséré. Le corps 34 comporte une face 46 plane sur laquelle la partie conductrice 28 et la bague 36 sont soudées par friction. Dit autrement, il existe une soudure plane entre le corps 34, d'une part, et la bague 36 et la partie conductrice 28, d'autre part, obtenue par friction, en faisant tourner à haute vitesse le corps sur la bague et la partie conductrice.The body 34 defines a bottom 44 of the housing 14, for example of cylindrical shape and in which the first insulator 16 is inserted. The body 34 has a planar face 46 on which the conductive part 28 and the ring 36 are friction welded. In other words, there is a plane weld between the body 34, on the one hand, and the ring 36 and the conductive part 28, on the other hand, obtained by friction, by rotating at high speed the body on the ring and the conductive part.

Dans l'exemple, la face 46 est perpendiculaire à l'axe d'insertion D. Ainsi, la soudure par friction est réalisée en faisant tourner le corps par rapport à la bague 36 et à la partie conductrice 28 autour de l'axe d'insertion D.In the example, the face 46 is perpendicular to the insertion axis D. Thus, the friction welding is carried out by rotating the body relative to the ring 36 and to the conductive part 28 around the axis d 'insertion D.

Le fond 44 définit avantageusement une cavité 48 pour fixer le premier isolant 16 sur le corps 34.The bottom 44 advantageously defines a cavity 48 for fixing the first insulator 16 on the body 34.

Les lamelles 38 sont réparties angulairement autour de la partie insérable 12 dans la position insérée. Les lamelles 38 sont au moins au nombre de deux. Dans l'exemple représenté, les lamelles 38 sont au nombre de huit.The strips 38 are distributed angularly around the insertable part 12 in the inserted position. The slats 38 are at least two in number. In the example shown, the slats 38 are eight in number.

Selon des variantes non représentées, il y a quatre, six, huit, dix ou douze lamelles 38.According to variants not shown, there are four, six, eight, ten or twelve slats 38.

Les lamelles 38 délimitent radialement le logement 14.The slats 38 radially delimit the housing 14.

Les lamelles 38 sont avantageusement identiques les unes aux autres et réparties régulièrement autour de l'axe d'insertion D. Deux lamelles 38 angulairement consécutives sont avantageusement séparées par une fente 50.The strips 38 are advantageously identical to each other and distributed regularly around the insertion axis D. Two angularly consecutive strips 38 are advantageously separated by a slot 50.

Chacune des lamelles 38 définit respectivement une rainure circonférentielle 52, et ces rainures circonférentielles sont alignées les unes avec les autres autour de l'axe d'insertion D et adaptées pour recevoir tous les organes de contention 40A à 40D.Each of the lamellae 38 respectively defines a circumferential groove 52, and these circumferential grooves are aligned with each other around the insertion axis D and adapted to receive all the retention members 40A to 40D.

Selon une variante non représentée, chaque lamelle 38 définit plusieurs rainures circonférentielles parallèles les unes aux autres, chacune des rainures recevant un ou plusieurs des organes de contention 40A à 40D.According to a variant not shown, each strip 38 defines several circumferential grooves parallel to one another, each of the grooves receiving one or more of the retention members 40A to 40D.

Les lamelles 38 sont flexibles radialement, c'est-à-dire que leurs extrémités distales 54 sont susceptibles de s'approcher ou de s'éloigner radialement de l'axe d'insertion D.The lamellae 38 are radially flexible, that is to say that their distal ends 54 are capable of approaching or moving away radially from the axis of insertion D.

Dans la position non insérée, les lamelles 38 sont par exemple légèrement recourbées vers l'axe d'insertion D à mesure que l'on s'approche de leurs extrémités distales 54.In the non-inserted position, the strips 38 are for example slightly curved towards the insertion axis D as one approaches their distal ends 54.

Les lamelles 38 et les organes de contention 40A à 40D étant flexibles, les extrémités distales 54 définissent une ouverture distale du logement 14 ayant un diamètre D2 plus petit dans la position non insérée que dans la position insérée.Since the lamellae 38 and the retainers 40A to 40D are flexible, the distal ends 54 define a distal opening of the housing 14 having a smaller diameter D2 in the uninserted position than in the inserted position.

Dans la position non insérée, les fentes 50 présentent par exemple une longueur, suivant l'axe d'insertion D, comprise entre 5 mm et 80 mm, et une largeur, dans le sens circonférentiel, comprise entre 0,2 mm et 2,5 mm.In the non-inserted position, the slots 50 have for example a length, along the insertion axis D, of between 5 mm and 80 mm, and a width, in the circumferential direction, of between 0.2 mm and 2, 5 mm.

Dans la position insérée, les lamelles 38 ont des faces 56 radialement intérieures plaquées contre la partie insérable 12.In the inserted position, the strips 38 have radially inner faces 56 pressed against the insertable part 12.

Les organes de contention 40A à 40D sont adaptés pour exercer une pression radiale centripète sur les lamelles 38 dans la position insérée.The retention members 40A to 40D are adapted to exert centripetal radial pressure on the lamellae 38 in the inserted position.

Dans l'exemple représenté, il n'y qu'une seule pluralité 40 d'organes de contention structurellement analogues les uns aux autres.In the example shown, there is only one plurality 40 of restraining members structurally similar to each other.

Selon des variantes non représentées, il existe plusieurs pluralités, ou séries, d'organes de contention analogues les uns aux autres à l'intérieur d'une même série, mais pas d'une série à l'autre.According to variants not shown, there are several pluralities, or series, of restraining members similar to each other within the same series, but not from one series to another.

Toujours dans l'exemple représenté, les organes de contention 40A à 40D sont au nombre de quatre.Still in the example shown, the retention members 40A to 40D are four in number.

Selon des variantes non représentées, le nombre des organes de contention est de deux (notamment s'il y a quatre lamelles), trois (notamment s'il y a six lamelles), six (s'il y a dix lamelles), ou huit (s'il y a douze lamelles).According to variants not shown, the number of retention members is two (in particular if there are four lamellae), three (in particular if there are six lamellae), six (if there are ten lamellae), or eight (if there are twelve slats).

Avantageusement, le nombre d'organes de contention est supérieur ou égal au nombre de lamelles 38 divisé par deux.Advantageously, the number of retention members is greater than or equal to the number of lamellae 38 divided by two.

Chacun des organes de contention comprend par exemple une lame 58 (figure 3) recourbée autour de l'axe d'insertion D et présentant une forme en « C ». Chacun des organes de contention 40A à 40D forme avantageusement un anneau présentant une interruption 60.Each of the retention members comprises for example a blade 58 ( figure 3 ) curved around the insertion axis D and having a "C" shape. Each of the retention members 40A to 40D advantageously forms a ring having an interruption 60.

Chacun des organes de contention 40A à 40D est avantageusement constitué d'une matière ayant un coefficient de dilatation thermique inférieur à celui des lamelles 38 du contact femelle 10, et inférieur à celui de la partie insérable 12 du contact mâle 5.Each of the retention members 40A to 40D is advantageously made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the lamellae 38 of the female contact 10, and lower than that of the insertable part 12 of the male contact 5.

Par exemple, les organes de contention 40A à 40D sont en acier inoxydable, avec un coefficient de dilatation thermique de 14.10-6 K-1. Les lamelles 38 et la partie insérable 12, si elles sont en aluminium, ont un coefficient de dilatation thermique de 23.10-6 K-1.For example, the restraints 40A to 40D are made of stainless steel, with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 14.10 -6 K -1 . The strips 38 and the insertable part 12, if they are made of aluminum, have a thermal expansion coefficient of 23.10 -6 K -1 .

L'interruption 60 mesure par exemple entre 0,1 mm et 3 mm dans le sens circonférentiel. L'interruption 60 est propre à conférer à chacun des organes de contention 40A à 40D une élasticité adaptée pour maintenir les lamelles 38 plaquées sur la partie insérable 12.The interruption 60 measures, for example, between 0.1 mm and 3 mm in the circumferential direction. The interruption 60 is suitable for giving each of the retention members 40A to 40D an elasticity suitable for keeping the strips 38 pressed against the insertable part 12.

Comme visible sur la figure 3, les organes de contention 40A à 40D présentent respectivement des orientations angulaires par rapport au corps distinctes les unes des autres. Dans l'exemple représenté, les orientations angulaires sont définies par les interruptions 60 et sont distinctes parce que les interruptions ne sont pas alignées axialement.As visible on the figure 3 , the retention members 40A to 40D respectively have angular orientations with respect to the body which are distinct from each other. In the example shown, the angular orientations are defined by the interruptions 60 and are distinct because the interruptions are not axially aligned.

En variante, les organes de contention 40A à 40D présentent d'autres formes qu'une lame recourbée en « C », mais dissymétriques autour de l'axe d'insertion D, de manière à toujours définir une orientation angulaire autour de cet axe.As a variant, the retention members 40A to 40D have other shapes than a blade curved into a “C”, but asymmetric around the insertion axis D, so as to always define an angular orientation around this axis.

Dans l'exemple représenté, les organes de contention 40A à 40D sont décalés, successivement selon l'axe d'insertion, d'un angle α valant 90° par rapport au précédent.In the example shown, the retention members 40A to 40D are offset, successively along the insertion axis, by an angle α equal to 90 ° with respect to the previous one.

Selon des variantes non représentées, les décalages angulaires ne sont pas successifs (c'est-à-dire que les organes de contention sont placés dans un ordre différent selon l'axe d'insertion D), ou ne sont pas identiques (c'est-à-dire qu'ils ont des valeurs différentes de 90°).According to variants not shown, the angular offsets are not successive (that is to say that the retention members are placed in a different order according to the insertion axis D), or are not identical (c ' i.e. they have different values of 90 °).

Avantageusement, chaque décalage angulaire est sensiblement égal à 360° divisé par N, N étant le nombre d'organes de contention dans la pluralité.Advantageously, each angular offset is substantially equal to 360 ° divided by N, N being the number of retention members in the plurality.

L'épaisseur des lames 58 est par exemple comprise entre 0,5 mm et 3 mm dans le sens radial.The thickness of the blades 58 is for example between 0.5 mm and 3 mm in the radial direction.

La bague 36 définit un logement 62 axialement traversant qui reçoit la portion de câble électrique 24. La bague comprend une embase 64, et une enveloppe 66 s'étendant axialement à partir de l'embase et configurée pour entourer la portion de câble électrique 28.The ring 36 defines an axially through housing 62 which receives the portion of electrical cable 24. The ring comprises a base 64, and a casing 66 extending axially from the base and configured to surround the portion of electrical cable 28.

L'embase 64 et la partie conductrice 28 de la portion de câble électrique 24 forment une face 68 soudée par friction au corps 34. Dans l'exemple représenté, cette face 68 est perpendiculaire à l'axe d'insertion D.The base 64 and the conductive part 28 of the portion of electric cable 24 form a face 68 frictionally welded to the body 34. In the example shown, this face 68 is perpendicular to the insertion axis D.

L'enveloppe 66 est adaptée pour être sertie de manière étanche sur la portion de câble électrique 28. Comme visible sur les figures 2 et 4, l'enveloppe 66 présente par exemple une surface externe 70 cylindrique autour de l'axe d'insertion D. L'enveloppe 66 comporte par exemple une partie principale 72, située axialement à proximité de l'embase 64 et en contact avec la partie conductrice 28 de la portion de câble électrique 24, et un collier de sertissage 74 en contact avec la gaine isolante 32 de la portion de câble électrique 24.The casing 66 is adapted to be crimped in a sealed manner on the portion of electric cable 28. As can be seen in the figures. figures 2 and 4 , the casing 66 has for example an outer surface 70 cylindrical around the insertion axis D. The casing 66 comprises for example a main part 72, located axially close to the base 64 and in contact with the part conductor 28 of the electrical cable portion 24, and a crimping collar 74 in contact with the insulating sheath 32 of the electrical cable portion 24.

La partie principale 72 est avantageusement plus épaisse radialement que le collier de sertissage 74.The main part 72 is advantageously thicker radially than the crimping collar 74.

Le collier de sertissage 74 définit avantageusement une rainure 76 intérieure s'étendant autour de l'axe d'insertion D et dans laquelle se trouve un joint torique 78 pour assurer l'étanchéité entre la bague 36 et la gaine isolante 32.The crimping collar 74 advantageously defines an interior groove 76 extending around the insertion axis D and in which an O-ring 78 is located to ensure the seal between the ring 36 and the insulating sheath 32.

Selon une variante représentée sur la figure 5, le collier de sertissage 74 comporte, en coupe selon un demi-plan radial P, une partie 80 radialement saillante configurée pour mordre dans la gaine isolante 32.According to a variant shown in figure 5 , the crimping collar 74 comprises, in section along a radial half-plane P, a radially projecting part 80 configured to bite into the insulating sheath 32.

Outre la partie insérable 12, le contact mâle 5 comporte un corps 82 électriquement conducteur, et une bague 84 prévue pour recevoir la portion de câble électrique 22.In addition to the insertable part 12, the male contact 5 comprises an electrically conductive body 82, and a ring 84 provided to receive the portion of electric cable 22.

La partie insérable 12 fait saillie axialement à partir du corps 84.The insertable part 12 projects axially from the body 84.

La partie insérable 12 comprend une portion de contact 86 adaptée pour être en contact avec les lamelles 38 dans la position insérée, et l'extrémité distale 20 déjà évoquée plus haut.The insertable part 12 comprises a contact portion 86 adapted to be in contact with the lamellae 38 in the inserted position, and the distal end 20 already mentioned above.

Avantageusement, la partie insérable 12 définit aussi un logement axial 88 débouchant sur l'extrémité distale 20 et adapté pour recevoir le deuxième isolant 18 (figure 2).Advantageously, the insertable part 12 also defines an axial housing 88 opening onto the distal end 20 and adapted to receive the second insulator 18 ( figure 2 ).

La portion de contact 86 comporte une surface radialement extérieure 90 cylindrique.The contact portion 86 has a radially outer surface 90 that is cylindrical.

En variante (non représentée), la surface radialement extérieure 90 est tronconique.As a variant (not shown), the radially outer surface 90 is frustoconical.

Dans l'exemple, la bague 84 du contact mâle 5 est analogue à la bague 36 du contact femelle 10 et ne sera pas décrite en détail.In the example, the ring 84 of the male contact 5 is similar to the ring 36 of the female contact 10 and will not be described in detail.

Selon une variante non représentée, la bague 36, 84 de l'un ou l'autre du contact mâle 5 et du contact femelle 10 est remplacée par une cosse fixée sur le corps du contact en question, par exemple à l'aide d'une vis.According to a variant not shown, the ring 36, 84 of one or the other of the male contact 5 and of the female contact 10 is replaced by a terminal fixed to the body of the contact in question, for example using a screw.

Comme visible sur la figure 2, le premier isolant 16 comprend un anneau 92 adapté pour coiffer les extrémités distales 54 des lamelles 38, et des attaches 94 s'étendant axialement à partir de l'anneau et prévues pour s'insérer dans les fentes 50 entre les lamelles pour fixer le premier isolant sur le contact femelle 10. Le premier isolant 16 comprend en outre un socle 96 situé axialement à l'opposé de l'anneau 92, et un doigt 98 s'étendant axialement à partir du socle vers l'anneau.As visible on the figure 2 , the first insulator 16 comprises a ring 92 adapted to cap the distal ends 54 of the lamellae 38, and clips 94 extending axially from the ring and provided to fit into the slots 50 between the lamellae to secure the first insulator on the female contact 10. The first insulator 16 further comprises a base 96 located axially opposite the ring 92, and a finger 98 extending axially from the base towards the ring.

Les attaches 94 forment avantageusement des barreaux fixés sur le socle 68 et orientés sensiblement axialement. Le premier isolant 16 présente ainsi l'aspect d'une cage cylindrique.The fasteners 94 advantageously form bars fixed to the base 68 and oriented substantially axially. The first insulator 16 thus has the appearance of a cylindrical cage.

Le doigt 98 est situé sensiblement au centre du logement 14 en vue selon l'axe d'insertion D lorsque le premier isolant 16 est inséré dans le logement. Le doigt 98 comporte une extrémité distale 100 sensiblement située au centre de l'anneau 92. Le doigt 98 est par exemple sensiblement cylindrique.The finger 98 is located substantially in the center of the housing 14 in view along the insertion axis D when the first insulator 16 is inserted into the housing. The finger 98 has a distal end 100 substantially located in the center of the ring 92. The finger 98 is for example substantially cylindrical.

Le deuxième isolant 18 (figure 2) comporte une tête 102 et une tige 104 adaptée pour être introduite dans le logement axial 88 du contact mâle 5. Le deuxième isolant 18 définit un logement 106 s'étendant axialement et débouchant sur la tête 102.The second insulator 18 ( figure 2 ) comprises a head 102 and a rod 104 adapted to be inserted into the axial housing 88 of the male contact 5. The second insulator 18 defines a housing 106 extending axially and opening onto the head 102.

Le logement 106 est adapté pour recevoir le doigt 98 du premier isolant 16 dans la position insérée du connecteur électrique 1.The housing 106 is adapted to receive the finger 98 of the first insulator 16 in the inserted position of the electrical connector 1.

Le fonctionnement du connecteur 1 se déduit de sa structure et va être brièvement décrit ci-après.The operation of the connector 1 is deduced from its structure and will be briefly described below.

Lorsque le connecteur électrique 1 est en fonctionnement, les portions de câble électrique 22, 24 sont reçues dans les logements 62 des bagues 36, 84.When the electrical connector 1 is in operation, the portions of electrical cable 22, 24 are received in the housings 62 of the rings 36, 84.

Pour ce faire, les portions de câble électrique 22, 24 sont introduites dans les logements 62 définis par les bagues. Le corps 34 du contact femelle 10 est soudé par friction à la face 68 formée par la partie conductrice 28 de la portion de câble électrique 24 et par l'embase 64 de la bague 36. De même, le corps 82 du contact mâle 5 est soudé par friction à la face formée par la partie conductrice 26 de la portion de câble électrique 22 et par l'embase de la bague 84.To do this, the portions of electric cable 22, 24 are introduced into the housings 62 defined by the rings. The body 34 of the female contact 10 is friction welded to the face 68 formed by the conductive part 28 of the portion of electric cable 24 and by the base 64 of the ring 36. Likewise, the body 82 of the male contact 5 is friction welded to the face formed by the conductive part 26 of the portion of electric cable 22 and by the base of the ring 84.

Le premier isolant 16 et le deuxième isolant 18 sont avantageusement insérés respectivement dans le contact femelle 10 et le contact mâle 5 selon l'axe d'insertion D.The first insulator 16 and the second insulator 18 are advantageously inserted respectively into the female contact 10 and the male contact 5 along the insertion axis D.

Pour ce faire, les attaches 94 sont insérées dans les fentes 50 jusqu'à ce que l'anneau 92 masque les extrémités distales 54 des lamelles 38. Le socle 96 est alors fixé sur le corps 34 par coincement, ou en variante par encliquetage.To do this, the clips 94 are inserted into the slots 50 until the ring 92 masks the distal ends 54 of the lamellae 38. The base 96 is then fixed on the body 34 by wedging, or alternatively by snap-fastening.

Pour installer le deuxième isolant électrique 18, la tige 104 est introduite dans le logement 88 de la partie insérable 12 selon l'axe d'insertion D, jusqu'à ce que la tête 102 recouvre l'extrémité distale 20.To install the second electrical insulator 18, the rod 104 is introduced into the housing 88 of the insertable part 12 along the insertion axis D, until the head 102 covers the distal end 20.

Le connecteur électrique 1 est alors prêt à l'usage.The electrical connector 1 is then ready for use.

On rappelle que les gaines extérieures (non représentées) protègent l'opérateur contre tout contact intempestif dans le sens radial avec le contact mâle 5 ou le contact femelle 10.It is recalled that the outer sheaths (not shown) protect the operator against any untimely contact in the radial direction with the male contact 5 or the female contact 10.

Le premier isolant électrique 16 protège des extrémités distales 54 du contact femelle 10. L'anneau 92 et le doigt 98 coopèrent pour empêcher l'opérateur d'introduire son doigt dans le logement 14. Toutefois, grâce à sa structure en forme de cage, le premier isolant électrique 16 n'empêche pas le contact électrique entre les lamelles 38 et la surface radialement extérieure90 de la portion de contact 86 de la partie insérable 12.The first electrical insulator 16 protects the distal ends 54 of the female contact 10. The ring 92 and the finger 98 cooperate to prevent the operator from inserting his finger into the housing 14. However, thanks to its cage-shaped structure, the first electrical insulator 16 does not prevent electrical contact between the strips 38 and the radially outer surface 90 of the contact portion 86 of the insertable part 12.

De même, le deuxième isolant électrique 18 empêche l'opérateur de toucher l'extrémité distale 20 de la partie insérable 12.Likewise, the second electrical insulator 18 prevents the operator from touching the distal end 20 of the insertable part 12.

Le contact électrique 1 est alors mis dans la position insérée représentée sur les figures 1 et 2.The electrical contact 1 is then placed in the inserted position shown on the figures 1 and 2 .

Le contact mâle 5 est inséré dans le logement 14 selon l'axe d'insertion D. La portion de contact 86 pénètre dans le logement 14, ce qui provoque un écartement radial des extrémités distales 54 des lamelles 38. Cet écartement radial est limité par l'action des organes de contention 40A à 40D.The male contact 5 is inserted into the housing 14 along the insertion axis D. The contact portion 86 penetrates into the housing 14, which causes a radial separation of the distal ends 54 of the strips 38. This radial separation is limited by the action of the restraining members 40A to 40D.

Lors de l'insertion, le doigt 98 du premier isolant électrique 16 pénètre dans le logement 106 du deuxième isolant électrique 18, de sorte que les isolants électriques 16, 18 ne font pas obstacle à l'insertion.During insertion, the finger 98 of the first electrical insulator 16 enters the housing 106 of the second electrical insulator 18, so that the electrical insulators 16, 18 do not hinder the insertion.

Pendant l'insertion, chacun des organes de contention 40A à 40D se dilate, tout en appliquant une pression centripète sur les lamelles 38. Cette pression contribue à plaquer les faces radialement intérieures 56 des lamelles 38 sur la portion de contact 86 de la partie insérable 12.During insertion, each of the retention members 40A to 40D expands, while applying centripetal pressure on the lamellae 38. This pressure contributes to press the radially inner faces 56 of the lamellae 38 on the contact portion 86 of the insertable part. 12.

Comme les organes de contention 40A à 40D ne présentent pas une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe d'insertion D, leurs actions individuelles sur la partie insérable 12 ne sont pas uniformes angulairement.As the retention members 40A to 40D do not have a symmetry of revolution about the insertion axis D, their individual actions on the insertable part 12 are not angularly uniform.

Toutefois, grâce à la présence de plusieurs organes de contention et à leur décalage angulaire, l'action globale des organes de contention 40A à 40D est plus homogène angulairement que s'il n'y avait par exemple qu'un seul organe de contention.However, thanks to the presence of several retention members and their angular offset, the overall action of the retention members 40A to 40D is more homogeneous angularly than if there were for example only one retention member.

Dans la position insérée représentée, les lamelles 38 sont donc mieux plaquées sur la portion de contact 86, dont elles épousent la surface radialement extérieure 90. La résistance du connecteur électrique 1 est donc diminuée.In the inserted position shown, the strips 38 are therefore better placed on the contact portion 86, of which they match the radially outer surface 90. The resistance of the electrical connector 1 is therefore reduced.

Grâce aux bagues 36, 84 soudées par friction, la résistance électrique du connecteur électrique 1, mesurée sur une longueur L entre les embases des bagues, est quasiment égale à celle de la partie conductrice de portions de câble électrique sur cette même longueur.Thanks to the rings 36, 84 welded by friction, the electrical resistance of the electrical connector 1, measured over a length L between the bases of the rings, is almost equal to that of the conductive part of portions of electrical cable over this same length.

En cas d'échauffement du connecteur électrique 1, par exemple par effet Joule, les organes de contention 40A à 40D se dilatent moins et exercent une pression radiale centripète plus forte sur les lamelles 38 qu'à l'état non chauffé. Ceci a pour conséquence une augmentation de la pression exercée par lamelles 38 sur la partie insérable 12, et une augmentation de la surface de contact entre les lamelles et la partie insérable. Ceci réduit la résistance de contact et entraîne une diminution de l'échauffement du connecteur électrique 1 pendant l'utilisation.In the event of heating of the electrical connector 1, for example by the Joule effect, the retention members 40A to 40D expand less and exert a greater centripetal radial pressure on the strips 38 than in the unheated state. This results in an increase in the pressure exerted by the lamellae 38 on the insertable part 12, and an increase in the contact surface between the lamellae and the insertable part. This reduces the contact resistance and causes a decrease in the heating of the electrical connector 1 during use.

Dans la position insérée, le connecteur électrique 1 présente une grande stabilité mécanique grâce à la structure des lamelles 38 et à l'action des organes de contention 40A à 40D. En outre, l'insertion du contact mâle 5 dans le contact femelle 10 reste très facile du fait de la flexibilité des lamelles 38 et de l'élasticité des organes de contention 40A à 40D.In the inserted position, the electrical connector 1 has great mechanical stability thanks to the structure of the strips 38 and to the action of the retention members 40A to 40D. In addition, the insertion of the male contact 5 into the female contact 10 remains very easy due to the flexibility of the strips 38 and the elasticity of the retention members 40A to 40D.

Le connecteur électrique 1 est de ce fait extrêmement performant, tant en ce qui concerne la facilité d'insertion, que la tenue aux vibrations.The electrical connector 1 is therefore extremely efficient, both with regard to ease of insertion and resistance to vibrations.

Le connecteur électrique 1 présente un faible encombrement par rapport à ses performances électriques.The electrical connector 1 has a small footprint compared to its electrical performance.

Du fait de sa structure relativement simple, sans interface, le connecteur électrique 1 reste d'une fabrication simple et d'un prix compétitif.Due to its relatively simple structure, without interface, the electrical connector 1 remains simple to manufacture and competitively priced.

Grâce aux isolants électriques 16, 18, l'opérateur est protégé pendant la manipulation du connecteur électrique 1.Thanks to the electrical insulators 16, 18, the operator is protected while handling the electrical connector 1.

En référence à la figure 6, on décrit un contact femelle 110 constituant une variante du contact femelle 10. Le contact femelle 110 est analogue au contact femelle 10 représenté sur les figures 1 à 3. Les éléments similaires portent les mêmes références numériques et ne seront pas décrits à nouveau. Seules les différences seront décrites ci-après.With reference to the figure 6 , there is described a female contact 110 constituting a variant of the female contact 10. The female contact 110 is similar to the female contact 10 shown in the figures. figures 1 to 3 . Similar elements have the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described below.

Le corps 34 du contact femelle 110 définit une gorge 112 s'étendant autour de l'axe d'insertion D et débouchant dans le logement 14. Axialement la gorge 112 s'étend entre le fond 44 du logement 14 et les lamelles 38.The body 34 of the female contact 110 defines a groove 112 extending around the insertion axis D and opening into the housing 14. Axially, the groove 112 extends between the bottom 44 of the housing 14 and the strips 38.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la gorge 112 est délimitée axialement, du côté de la bague 36 (non représentée sur la figure 6) par le fond 44 du logement 14.In the example shown, the groove 112 is delimited axially, on the side of the ring 36 (not shown in the figure 6 ) by the bottom 44 of the housing 14.

La gorge 112 est adaptée pour affaiblir, par amincissement, le corps 34 à la base des lamelles 38. Ceci permet de réduire l'effort d'insertion du contact mâle 5 en réduisant le moment de flexion de 10% sans pour autant dégrader le fonctionnement électrique du connecteur 1.The groove 112 is adapted to weaken, by thinning, the body 34 at the base of the lamellae 38. This makes it possible to reduce the insertion force of the male contact 5 by reducing the bending moment by 10% without however degrading the operation. electrical connector 1.

Exemple comparatifComparative example

Dans cet exemple, le contact femelle 10 comprend huit lamelles 38, et il y a quatre organes de contention 40A à 40D, comme représenté sur la figure 3. Pour les besoins de l'expérience, on numérote les huit lamelles successivement de 38.1, 38.2 à 38.8. Les lamelles 38.1 et 38.8 sont situées angulairement de part et d'autre d'une des fentes 52.In this example, the female contact 10 comprises eight lamellae 38, and there are four retention members 40A to 40D, as shown in FIG. figure 3 . For the purposes of the experiment, the eight lamellae are numbered successively from 38.1, 38.2 to 38.8. The slats 38.1 and 38.8 are located angularly on either side of one of the slots 52.

Les dimensions des lamelles sont, par exemple : longueur : 33 mm ; largeur 5,70 mm, hauteur : 3,5 mm.The dimensions of the slats are, for example: length: 33 mm; width 5.70 mm, height: 3.5 mm.

On a d'abord testé un premier agencement, non représenté et non conforme à l'invention, dans lequel les quatre organes de contention ne présentent aucun décalage angulaire entre eux. Les interruptions 60 de chaque lame en « C » sont axialement alignées avec la fente 52 située entre les lamelles 38.1 et 38.2. Ce premier agencement se déduit de la figure 3 en faisant tourner les organes de contention 4A à 40D autour de l'axe d'insertion D.We first tested a first arrangement, not shown and not in accordance with the invention, in which the four retention members have no angular offset between them. The interruptions 60 of each "C" blade are axially aligned with the slot 52 located between the blades 38.1 and 38.2. This first arrangement is deduced from the figure 3 by rotating the retainers 4A to 40D around the insertion axis D.

Dans ce premier agencement, on obtient une surface de contact totale de 70 mm2 entre les huit lamelles et la partie insérable 12 du contact mâle 5. Cette surface de contact se répartit de façon non homogène sur les huit lamelles de la façon suivante :

  • lamelle 38.1 : 17%,
  • lamelle 38.2 : 15%,
  • lamelle 38.3 : 10%,
  • lamelle 38.4 : 8%,
  • lamelle 38.5 : 8%,
  • lamelle 38.6 : 10%,
  • lamelle 38.7 : 15%,
  • lamelle 38.8 : 17%.
In this first arrangement, a total contact area of 70 mm 2 is obtained between the eight lamellae and the insertable part 12 of the male contact 5. This contact area is distributed unevenly over the eight lamellae as follows:
  • coverslip 38.1: 17%,
  • coverslip 38.2: 15%,
  • coverslip 38.3: 10%,
  • coverslip 38.4: 8%,
  • coverslip 38.5: 8%,
  • coverslip 38.6: 10%,
  • coverslip 38.7: 15%,
  • coverslip 38.8: 17%.

Puis on a testé un deuxième agencement, représenté sur la figure 3 et conforme à l'invention, dans lequel les quatre organes de contention présentent des décalages angulaires de 90° les uns par rapport aux autres. Seule l'interruption 60 de l'organe de contention 40A est axialement alignée avec la fente 52 située entre les lamelles 38.1 et 38.2.Then we tested a second arrangement, shown in figure 3 and according to the invention, in which the four retention members have angular offsets of 90 ° with respect to each other. Only the interruption 60 of the retention member 40A is axially aligned with the slot 52 located between the strips 38.1 and 38.2.

Dans ce deuxième agencement, on obtient une surface de contact totale de 100 mm2 entre les huit lamelles et la partie insérable 12 du contact mâle 5. Cette surface de contact est bien meilleure dans le premier agencement non conforme à l'invention. De plus, la surface de contact se répartit de façon beaucoup plus homogène sur les huit lamelles de la façon suivante :

  • lamelle 38.1 : 12,5%,
  • lamelle 38.2 : 13,0%,
  • lamelle 38.3 : 12,5%,
  • lamelle 38.4 : 12,0%,
  • lamelle 38.5 : 12,0%,
  • lamelle 38.6 : 12,5%,
  • lamelle 38.7 : 13,0%,
  • lamelle 38.8 : 12,5%.
In this second arrangement, a total contact surface of 100 mm 2 is obtained between the eight strips and the insertable part 12 of the male contact 5. This contact surface is much better in the first arrangement not in accordance with the invention. In addition, the contact surface is distributed much more evenly over the eight blades as follows:
  • coverslip 38.1: 12.5%,
  • coverslip 38.2: 13.0%,
  • coverslip 38.3: 12.5%,
  • coverslip 38.4: 12.0%,
  • coverslip 38.5: 12.0%,
  • coverslip 38.6: 12.5%,
  • coverslip 38.7: 13.0%,
  • coverslip 38.8: 12.5%.

La répartition homogène permet d'avoir un comportement homogène lors du fonctionnement des lamelles (même pression de contact pour chaque lamelle avec le contact mâle). Cela améliore les performées électriques, la durée de vie du connecteur et la tenue aux vibrations (suppression du risque de perte du contact).The homogeneous distribution makes it possible to have a homogeneous behavior during operation of the blades (same contact pressure for each blade with the male contact). This improves the electrical performance, the lifespan of the connector and the resistance to vibrations (elimination of the risk of loss of contact).

Comme on peut le constater, les décalages angulaires à 360°/N, N étant le nombre d'organes de contention, ont permis d'augmenter la surface de contact et ont rendu sa répartition sur les lamelles plus homogène.As can be seen, the angular offsets at 360 ° / N, N being the number of restraining members, made it possible to increase the contact surface and made its distribution on the sipes more homogeneous.

D'autres tests ont montré que des bénéfices apparaissent dès qu'il existe un décalage angulaire entre deux des organes de contention.Other tests have shown that benefits appear as soon as there is an angular offset between two of the retention members.

Claims (11)

  1. An electrical connector (1) having a male contact (5) and a female contact (10) that are movable between a non-inserted position, in which the male contact (5) is separated from the female contact (10; 110), and an inserted position, in which an electrically conductive insertable part (12) of the male contact (5) is inserted along an insertion axis (D) into a housing (14) defined by the female contact (10; 110), the female contact (10; 110) including:
    - an electrically conductive body (34), and
    - a plurality of strips (38) protruding axially from the body (34) and distributed angularly around the insertable part (12) in the inserted position, the strips (38) being electrically conductive and radially flexible, the body (34) and the strips (38) defining said housing (14),
    characterized in that it further comprises a plurality (40) of annular contention members (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) that are structurally identical to one another, asymmetrical around the insertion axis (D), and arranged on radially outer faces (42) of the strips (38), each of the contention members (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) being suitable for exerting a centripetal radial pressure on the strips (38) in the inserted position, the strips (38) having radially inner faces (56) pressed against the insertable part (12) in the inserted position, at least two of the contention members (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) respectively having angular orientations distinct from one another relative to the body (34) around the insertion axis (D).
  2. The electrical connector (1) according to claim 1, wherein said plurality (40) comprises N contention members (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D), N being a natural integer greater than or equal to two, each of the contention members (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) having an angular orientation relative to the body (34) around the insertion axis (D), said angular orientations being offset successively relative to one another by an angle substantially equal to 360° divided by N.
  3. The electrical connector (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the contention members (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) comprises a blade (58) curved in a "C" shape.
  4. The electrical connector (1) according to claim 3, wherein the radially outer face (56) of each of the strips (38) defines one or several circumferential slot(s) (52) receiving the contention members (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D).
  5. The electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the male contact (5) comprises a body (82) on which the insertable part (12) is fastened,
    the bodies (34) of the male contact (5) and the female contact (10; 110), as well as the insertable part (12) and the strips (38), being made from aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  6. The electrical connector (1) according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the female contact (10; 110) and the male contact (5) further comprises a ring (36, 84) made from aluminum or aluminum alloy defining an axially through housing (62), the ring (36, 84) being suitable for axially receiving an electrical cable portion (22, 24), the body (34, 82) of said at least one of the female contact (10; 110) and the male contact (5) being suitable for being friction welded to a base (64) of the ring (36, 84) and to a conductive part (26, 28) of the electrical cable portion (22, 24).
  7. The electrical connector (1) according to claim 6, wherein the ring (36, 84) comprises an enclosure (66) extending axially from the base (64) and configured to surround the electrical cable portion (22, 24), the enclosure (66) including a crimping collar (74) axially opposite the base (64) and extending around the insertion axis (D), the crimping collar (74) being suitable for being crimped tightly on an insulating sheath (30, 32) of the electrical cable portion (22, 24).
  8. The electrical connector (1) according to claim 7, wherein the crimping collar (74) defines an inner slot (76), the electrical connector (1) further comprising at least one O-ring (78) extending in the slot (76) around the insertion axis (D), the O-ring (78) being configured to be situated radially between the ring (36, 84) and the insulating sheath (30, 32) of the electrical cable portion (22, 24).
  9. The electrical connector (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the crimping collar (74) includes, in cross-section along a radial half-plane (P), a radially protruding part (80) configured to bite into the insulating sheath (30, 32).
  10. The electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein:
    - the female contact (10; 110) includes four strips (38) and two contention members,
    - the female contact (10; 110) includes six strips (38) and three contention members,
    - the female contact (10; 110) includes eight strips (38) and four contention members,
    - the female contact (10; 110) includes ten strips (38) and six contention members, or
    - the female contact (10; 110) includes twelve strips (38) and eight contention members.
  11. The electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the body (34) of the female contact (110) defines a groove (112) extending around the insertion axis (D) and emerging in the housing (14).
EP19205251.2A 2018-10-25 2019-10-25 Electrical connector having a plurality of containment members Active EP3644450B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1859867A FR3087956B1 (en) 2018-10-25 2018-10-25 ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR CONTAINING A PLURALITY OF RESTRAINT SYSTEMS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3644450A1 EP3644450A1 (en) 2020-04-29
EP3644450B1 true EP3644450B1 (en) 2021-12-08

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US (1) US10903596B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3644450B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3087956B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023284861A1 (en) * 2021-07-15 2023-01-19 长春捷翼汽车零部件有限公司 Cylindrical terminal, plug-in connection structure, and method for machining cylindrical terminal

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1936469A (en) * 1930-06-30 1933-11-21 Gen Electric Primary disconnecting device
US2346831A (en) * 1943-06-15 1944-04-18 H A Douglas Mfg Co Electrical connection means
US4772233A (en) * 1983-09-19 1988-09-20 Trilogy Computer Development Partners, Ltd. Low resistance connector
BR0017370B1 (en) * 2000-10-24 2014-12-23 Ormazabal & Cie INTERCONNECTION SET FOR ELECTRIC KEY GEAR CELLS
DE102010062183A1 (en) * 2010-11-30 2012-05-31 Sb Limotive Company Ltd. Accumulator cell, accumulator and motor vehicle with an accumulator
FR3048136B1 (en) * 2016-02-18 2021-05-14 Ilie Razvan ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR CONTAINING A PLURALITY OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE STRIPS

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FR3087956B1 (en) 2021-07-02
FR3087956A1 (en) 2020-05-01
EP3644450A1 (en) 2020-04-29
US20200136288A1 (en) 2020-04-30
US10903596B2 (en) 2021-01-26

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