EP3404688B1 - Device for centring a metal screen in a vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter comprising such a device - Google Patents
Device for centring a metal screen in a vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter comprising such a device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3404688B1 EP3404688B1 EP18160222.8A EP18160222A EP3404688B1 EP 3404688 B1 EP3404688 B1 EP 3404688B1 EP 18160222 A EP18160222 A EP 18160222A EP 3404688 B1 EP3404688 B1 EP 3404688B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- screen
- case
- tabs
- bulb
- centring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 17
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
- F21V17/10—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
- H01H2033/66276—Details relating to the mounting of screens in vacuum switches
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of vacuum ampoules and more precisely to the field of the assembly of these vacuum ampoules.
- the present invention relates to a device for centering a metal screen inside a vacuum interrupter, said ampoule comprising an envelope of substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end caps and containing two respectively fixed and movable electrodes, said centering device being intended to perform the centering of the screen relative to the casing prior to fixing said screen to the casing at high temperature.
- a vacuum interrupter is generally of axial symmetry and comprises an ampoule body consisting mainly of an insulating envelope of substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end caps.
- the axis of symmetry of this bulb body thus defines the axis of symmetry of the vacuum bulb.
- the internal elements composing such vacuum bulbs such as the contacts, the screen or even the covers of the bulb must respect a relative concentricity vis-à-vis the axis of symmetry of the aforementioned envelope.
- the sealing of the vacuum ampoules is generally done in a vacuum furnace at a sufficiently high temperature to melt copper silver solders.
- the centering of the insulating casing with respect to the internal copper parts poses a problem due to the difference in expansion coefficient and to the geometric tolerances of the parts and in particular of the insulating casing.
- the thermal expansion of these bulb elements during these rises in temperature can cause a misalignment with respect to the axis of symmetry.
- centering systems can take the form of either elastic lamellae or bosses which are distributed over the outer periphery of the element so that these lamellae or bosses are inserted between the element and the bulb body thus allowing to center the element.
- centering systems by resting on the bulb body make it possible to keep the elements in place during assembly of the bulb and in particular during the temperature rise cycles.
- embossments do not have the elastic properties of the lamellae. It is therefore necessary for their shape to be precisely adjusted to allow “hot” centering in order to absorb the deformations linked to thermal expansion.
- the copper screen expands more than the ceramic envelope.
- the bosses made on the screen then come into contact with the ceramic and re-centers the screen by the effect of the heating without damaging the ceramic because the copper screen is softened by the heating.
- the tolerances on the ceramic and the screen are such that this contact does not always take place.
- the present invention solves these problems and provides a simple and economical centering device of a metal screen in a vacuum interrupter making it possible to ensure reliable and durable centering at a lower cost of said device. screen from the bulb shell from the start of bulb assembly until the end of cooling after bulb heat cycles.
- the present invention relates to a centering device according to claim 1.
- the aforementioned tongues are folded along a folding axis extending in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the bulb.
- the value of the angle of inclination of the tongues with respect to the surface of the screen corresponding to the plastic deformation produced during the manufacture of the screen in order to produce these tongues is at most 85 °.
- the aforementioned strip is made of stainless steel.
- the aforementioned tabs are produced by cutting and then at least partially stamping a portion of the aforementioned metal strip.
- the aforementioned tongues have a half-round or triangular shape or else a shape situated between these two shapes.
- the length of the aforementioned metal strip is a few millimeters greater than the perimeter of the screen in order to allow the production of a spot weld between the two ends of the strip.
- the end of the tongues has a rounded shape so as not to damage the casing.
- this device is used to carry out the centering of a so-called central screen mounted around the aforementioned contacts, and / or of a so-called end screen located at one of the ends of the bulb.
- a subject of the present invention is also a vacuum interrupter comprising at least one centering device comprising the above-mentioned characteristics taken alone or in combination.
- this vacuum interrupter comprising an envelope of substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end caps and enclosing two respectively fixed and movable contacts, said ampoule also comprising a central screen located around the contacts and consisting of a part cylindrical with a collar extending from the cylindrical part of the screen in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screen, said collar being placed between two casing parts, this bulb being characterized in that it comprises a device centering device comprising the aforementioned characteristics taken alone or in combination, and comprising two metal bands intended to be placed respectively on either side of said collar.
- this bulb A comprises a cylindrical envelope 1.1a closed by two end covers 2.3 in which are housed two arcing contacts 4.5, one of which, fixed 4, is integral with the 'one of the aforementioned covers 2 while the other, movable 5, is mounted to slide axially inside the cartridge through the so-called lower end cover 3.
- Each contact comprises a contact pad fixed to an electrode, the electrode of the fixed contact being fixed to the so-called upper cover 2, while the electrode of the movable contact is slidably mounted through the so-called lower end cover 3, a sealing bellows 10 being interposed between the movable electrode and the lower end cover.
- This bulb A also includes dielectric screens comprising a so-called central screen 6,6a (in two parts) placed around the contacts, a so-called end screen 7 placed around the so-called lower end cover 3, another so-called bottom screen. end 8 located around the so-called upper cover 2 and a screen 9 located around the sealing bellows 10, these screens being made of a metallic material, preferably steel.
- the envelope of the bulb consists of two parts 1.1a.
- the central screen located around the contacts consists of two cylindrical parts 6,6a intended to be fixed to one another and one of which comprises a collar 11 extending from the corresponding cylindrical part of the screen in a direction perpendicular to the X axis of the screen, said collar being intended to be placed between the two casing parts 1.1a.
- the fixing of said screen on the envelope is carried out by placing the collar 11 between the two parts of envelopes 1.1a and by carrying out a solder between the screen 6,6a and the envelope 1.1a on either side. of the collar 11.
- This bulb is equipped with a centering device D according to the invention, making it possible to carry out the centering of the central screen 6,6a with respect to the casing 1.1a, before the final hot fixing of said screen.
- This centering device D comprises two thin metal bands 12,13 mounted on either side of the aforementioned collar 11, being wound around the screen 6,6a and then fixed to the screen by a weld made between the two. ends facing each of the metal bands.
- These metal bands are preferably made of stainless steel, for example of type 304L, but could be made of another material, inexpensive, elastic, and having an expansion coefficient close to that of copper.
- these metal strips 12, 13 have portions formed by cutting then partial stamping of a part of the metal strip so as to form elastic tongues 15 able to bend along a folding axis Y. extending in a direction substantially parallel to the X axis of the bulb.
- these tabs 15 have a half-round shape but could have another shape such as a triangular shape or a shape located between these two shapes, or any other shape making it possible to simply obtain an elastic tab by cutting.
- This strip is cut to a length that is a few millimeters greater than the perimeter of the screen 6,6a and then wound around the screen 6,6a.
- each of the aforementioned bands 12, 13 is placed in an annular-shaped recess 16 made for this purpose around the screen.
- Each of the strips 12,13 is held in position against the screen 6,6a by making a spot weld between the two ends of the strip, the ends of which overlap slightly so as to allow this welding.
- the elastic tongues 15 are bent in a direction opposite to the screen 6,6a at an angle of inclination ⁇ whose value is preferably less than or equal to 85 °.
- angle of inclination is not too important and that you just have to be careful not to exceed the elastic limit of the material used, knowing that a value of 85 ° maximum for the first tilt angle is preferable in order to facilitate the positioning of the screen.
- the end of the tabs 15 is rounded so as not to damage the ceramic when placing the screen 6,6a inside the casing 1.1a.
- the elasticity of the tongues 15 makes it possible to limit the contact pressure and thus not to damage the ceramic material of the casing 1.
- the tabs 15 bend a little more in the direction of the envelope due to a higher expansion of the screen compared to ceramic.
- the centering which was carried out cold is kept hot, and remains effective.
- the brazing of the copper screen to the casing having been carried out the screen is firmly fixed to the ceramic casing.
- the metal strip according to the invention can easily be cut to the correct length in advance from prefabricated steel rollers.
- the centering device according to the invention is used to carry out the centering of the central screen of the bulb, but could in the same way be used to carry out the centering of one of the other screens.
- the tongues could be made so that their folding axis extends along an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of the screen. This would however impose a particular direction of assembly and would require a wider metal strip.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Description
L'invention se rapporte au domaine des ampoules à vide et plus précisément au domaine de l'assemblage de ces ampoules à vide.The invention relates to the field of vacuum ampoules and more precisely to the field of the assembly of these vacuum ampoules.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de centrage d'un écran métallique à l'intérieur d'une ampoule à vide, ladite ampoule comportant une enveloppe de forme sensiblement cylindrique fermée par deux capots d'extrémités et renfermant deux électrodes respectivement fixe et mobile, ledit dispositif de centrage étant destiné à réaliser le centrage de l'écran par rapport à l'enveloppe préalablement à la fixation dudit écran à l'enveloppe à température élevée.The present invention relates to a device for centering a metal screen inside a vacuum interrupter, said ampoule comprising an envelope of substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end caps and containing two respectively fixed and movable electrodes, said centering device being intended to perform the centering of the screen relative to the casing prior to fixing said screen to the casing at high temperature.
Une ampoule à vide est généralement de symétrie axiale et comporte un corps d'ampoule constitué principalement par une enveloppe isolante de forme sensiblement cylindrique fermée par deux capots d'extrémité. L'axe de symétrie de ce corps d'ampoule définit ainsi l'axe de symétrie de l'ampoule à vide.A vacuum interrupter is generally of axial symmetry and comprises an ampoule body consisting mainly of an insulating envelope of substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end caps. The axis of symmetry of this bulb body thus defines the axis of symmetry of the vacuum bulb.
Afin de limiter les risques d'arc électrique et d'obtenir une bonne répartition du champ électromagnétique dans l'ampoule, les éléments internes composant de telles ampoules à vide, tels que les contacts, l'écran ou même les couvercles de l'ampoule doivent respecter une relative concentricité vis-à-vis de l'axe de symétrie de l'enveloppe précitée.In order to limit the risks of electric arcing and to obtain a good distribution of the electromagnetic field in the bulb, the internal elements composing such vacuum bulbs, such as the contacts, the screen or even the covers of the bulb must respect a relative concentricity vis-à-vis the axis of symmetry of the aforementioned envelope.
Cette concentricité reste difficile à garantir lors de la fabrication d'une ampoule à vide. En effet, l'assemblage d'une ampoule à vide peut nécessiter des cycles de montée en température notamment en ce qui concerne les étapes de brasage.This concentricity remains difficult to guarantee during the manufacture of a vacuum interrupter. Indeed, the assembly of a vacuum interrupter may require cycles of temperature rise in particular as regards the brazing steps.
En effet, le scellement des ampoules à vide se fait généralement dans un four à vide à une température suffisamment élevée pour faire fondre des brasures en argent cuivre. A cette température, le centrage de l'enveloppe isolante par rapport aux pièces internes en cuivre pose un problème dû à la différence de coefficient de dilatation et aux tolérances géométriques des pièces et notamment de l'enveloppe isolante. Et la dilatation thermique de ces éléments d'ampoule lors de ces montées en température peut engendrer un désalignement vis-à-vis de l'axe de symétrie.Indeed, the sealing of the vacuum ampoules is generally done in a vacuum furnace at a sufficiently high temperature to melt copper silver solders. At this temperature, the centering of the insulating casing with respect to the internal copper parts poses a problem due to the difference in expansion coefficient and to the geometric tolerances of the parts and in particular of the insulating casing. And the thermal expansion of these bulb elements during these rises in temperature can cause a misalignment with respect to the axis of symmetry.
Il est difficile de fournir une bonne concentricité entre ces éléments internes de l'ampoule et l'enveloppe de l'ampoule sans imposer des tolérances extrêmement serrées sur les pièces (essentiellement les céramiques et les écrans), ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter drastiquement le coût de fabrication d'une ampoule à vide.It is difficult to provide good concentricity between these internal elements of the bulb and the envelope of the bulb without imposing extremely tight tolerances on the parts (mainly ceramics and screens), which has the effect of increasing drastically the cost of manufacturing a vacuum interrupter.
Pour remédier à cet inconvénient, il est connu d'équiper les éléments d'ampoule de systèmes de centrage qui sont adaptés pour centrer lesdits éléments d'ampoule à vide par rapport à l'axe de l'enveloppe de l'ampoule qu'ils équipent.To remedy this drawback, it is known to equip the bulb elements with centering systems which are adapted to center said vacuum bulb elements with respect to the axis of the envelope of the bulb which they equip.
Ces systèmes de centrage peuvent prendre la forme soit de lamelles élastiques soit de bosselages qui sont répartis sur le pourtour extérieur de l'élément de manière à ce que ces lamelles ou bosselages s'intercalent entre l'élément et le corps d'ampoule permettant ainsi de centrer l'élément. Ainsi de tels systèmes de centrage en venant en appui sur le corps d'ampoule permettent de maintenir les éléments en place pendant l'assemblage de l'ampoule et notamment pendant les cycles de montée en température.These centering systems can take the form of either elastic lamellae or bosses which are distributed over the outer periphery of the element so that these lamellae or bosses are inserted between the element and the bulb body thus allowing to center the element. Thus, such centering systems by resting on the bulb body make it possible to keep the elements in place during assembly of the bulb and in particular during the temperature rise cycles.
Ces systèmes à lamelles conviennent bien pour des écrans en acier inoxydables, car les lamelles sont suffisamment élastiques pour garder leur efficacité une fois l'écran mis en place. Pour des ampoules à vide où la performance électrique impose des écrans en cuivre, les lamelles ne conviennent pas parce que le cuivre n'est pas suffisamment élastique. Concernant l'utilisation de lamelles, celles-ci peuvent entraîner une baisse de la tenue diélectrique de l'ampoule en raison de leur forme, celle-ci formant un point triple, et de l'ouverture qu'elles peuvent laisser dans le cas où elles sont formées dans l'élément par un procédé de poinçonnage. De telles lamelles, lorsqu'elles sont rapportées sur l'élément d'ampoule à centrer, nécessitent généralement une étape coûteuse, telle qu'un brasage, pour être installées sur ledit élément. De plus, le positionnement de ces lamelles doit être précis afin d'assurer la conformité du centrage des éléments à centrer.These slat systems are well suited for stainless steel screens because the slats are elastic enough to maintain their effectiveness once the screen is in place. For vacuum interrupters where electrical performance requires copper screens, the lamellae are not suitable because the copper is not sufficiently elastic. Regarding the use of lamellae, these can lead to a drop in the dielectric strength of the bulb due to their shape, which forms a triple point, and the opening they can leave in the event that they are formed in the element by a punching process. Of such strips, when they are attached to the bulb element to be centered, generally require an expensive step, such as soldering, to be installed on said element. In addition, the positioning of these slats must be precise in order to ensure the conformity of the centering of the elements to be centered.
En ce qui concerne les bosselages, ceux-ci ne présentent pas les propriétés élastiques des lamelles. Il est donc nécessaire que leur forme soit ajustée précisément pour permettre un centrage « à chaud » afin d'absorber les déformations liées à la dilatation thermique.As regards the embossments, these do not have the elastic properties of the lamellae. It is therefore necessary for their shape to be precisely adjusted to allow “hot” centering in order to absorb the deformations linked to thermal expansion.
En effet, lors du brasage en température, l'écran en cuivre se dilate plus que l'enveloppe en céramique. Les bossages réalisés sur l'écran entrent alors en contact avec la céramique et recentre l'écran par l'effet du chauffage sans endommager la céramique car l'écran en cuivre est assoupli par le chauffage. Cependant, les tolérances sur la céramique et l'écran sont telles que ce contact n'a pas toujours lieu.Indeed, during temperature brazing, the copper screen expands more than the ceramic envelope. The bosses made on the screen then come into contact with the ceramic and re-centers the screen by the effect of the heating without damaging the ceramic because the copper screen is softened by the heating. However, the tolerances on the ceramic and the screen are such that this contact does not always take place.
On connaît le brevet
Pour toutes ces raisons, quel que soit le type de système de centrage retenu parmi les lamelles élastiques, les bosselages, et les extenseurs, ceux-ci ne permettent pas de garantir que tous les types d'ampoules à vide assemblées présentent la configuration concentrique requise. Il est donc nécessaire, malgré l'utilisation de ces systèmes de centrage, de faire un tri pour éliminer les ampoules à vide non conformes après la mesure de la concentricité entre les deux parties en céramique ou entre un couvercle et une partie en céramique.For all these reasons, regardless of the type of centering system chosen among the elastic lamellae, bosses, and extenders, these do not guarantee that all types of vacuum interrupts assembled have the required concentric configuration. . It is therefore necessary, despite the use of these centering systems, to sort to eliminate the non-conforming vacuum interrupts after measuring the concentricity between the two ceramic parts or between a cover and a ceramic part.
La présente invention résout ces problèmes et propose un dispositif de centrage simple et économique d'un écran métallique dans une ampoule à vide permettant d'assurer un centrage fiable et durable à moindre coût dudit écran par rapport à l'enveloppe de l'ampoule, du début du montage de l'ampoule jusqu'à la fin du refroidissement après les cycles de chauffage de l'ampoule.The present invention solves these problems and provides a simple and economical centering device of a metal screen in a vacuum interrupter making it possible to ensure reliable and durable centering at a lower cost of said device. screen from the bulb shell from the start of bulb assembly until the end of cooling after bulb heat cycles.
On connaît le document
A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de centrage selon la revendication 1.To this end, the present invention relates to a centering device according to
Selon une caractéristique particulière, les languettes précitées sont pliées suivant un axe de pliage s'étendant suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de l'ampoule.According to one particular characteristic, the aforementioned tongues are folded along a folding axis extending in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the bulb.
Selon une caractéristique particulière, la valeur de l'angle d'inclinaison des languettes par rapport à la surface de l'écran correspondant à la déformation plastique réalisée lors de la fabrication de l'écran afin de réaliser ces languettes, est au maximum de 85°.According to one particular characteristic, the value of the angle of inclination of the tongues with respect to the surface of the screen corresponding to the plastic deformation produced during the manufacture of the screen in order to produce these tongues, is at most 85 °.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la bande précitée est réalisée en acier inoxydable.According to another characteristic, the aforementioned strip is made of stainless steel.
Selon une autre caractéristique, les languettes précitées sont réalisées par découpe puis emboutissage au moins partiel d'une portion de la bande métallique précitée.According to another characteristic, the aforementioned tabs are produced by cutting and then at least partially stamping a portion of the aforementioned metal strip.
Selon une autre caractéristique, les languettes précitées présentent une forme demi-ronde ou triangulaire ou bien une forme située entre ces deux formes.According to another characteristic, the aforementioned tongues have a half-round or triangular shape or else a shape situated between these two shapes.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la longueur de la bande métallique précitée est supérieure de quelques millimètres au périmètre de l'écran afin de permettre la réalisation d'une soudure par point entre les deux extrémités de la bande.According to another characteristic, the length of the aforementioned metal strip is a few millimeters greater than the perimeter of the screen in order to allow the production of a spot weld between the two ends of the strip.
Selon une autre caractéristique, l'extrémité des languettes présente une forme arrondie de manière à ne pas endommager l'enveloppe.According to another characteristic, the end of the tongues has a rounded shape so as not to damage the casing.
Selon une autre caractéristique, ce dispositif est utilisé pour réaliser le centrage d'un écran dit central monté autour des contacts précités, et/ou d'un écran dit d'extrémité situé à l'une des extrémités de l'ampoule.According to another characteristic, this device is used to carry out the centering of a so-called central screen mounted around the aforementioned contacts, and / or of a so-called end screen located at one of the ends of the bulb.
La présente invention a également pour objet une ampoule à vide comportant au moins un dispositif de centrage comportant les caractéristiques précédemment mentionnées prises seules ou en combinaison.A subject of the present invention is also a vacuum interrupter comprising at least one centering device comprising the above-mentioned characteristics taken alone or in combination.
Selon une caractéristique particulière, cette ampoule à vide comportant une enveloppe de forme sensiblement cylindrique fermée par deux capots d'extrémités et renfermant deux contacts respectivement fixe et mobile, la dite ampoule comportant également un écran central situé autour des contacts et étant constitué par une partie cylindrique comportant une collerette s'étendant à partir de la partie cylindrique de l'écran suivant une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'écran, ladite collerette étant placée entre deux parties d'enveloppe, cette ampoule étant caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un dispositif de centrage comportant les caractéristiques précédemment mentionnées prises seules ou en combinaison, et comportant deux bandes métalliques destinées à être mises en place respectivement de part et d'autre de ladite collerette.According to one particular characteristic, this vacuum interrupter comprising an envelope of substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end caps and enclosing two respectively fixed and movable contacts, said ampoule also comprising a central screen located around the contacts and consisting of a part cylindrical with a collar extending from the cylindrical part of the screen in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screen, said collar being placed between two casing parts, this bulb being characterized in that it comprises a device centering device comprising the aforementioned characteristics taken alone or in combination, and comprising two metal bands intended to be placed respectively on either side of said collar.
Mais d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :
- La
figure 1 est une vue en perspective et comportant un arraché, illustrant une ampoule à vide équipée d'un dispositif de centrage selon l'invention, - La
figure 2 est une vue de détail de la figure précédente, montrant une bande métallique équipée des languettes selon l'invention, - La
figure 3 est une vue partielle en perspective de l'ampoule, illustrant la position des languettes par rapport à l'enveloppe, avant la mise en place de l'écran à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe en céramique, - La
figure 4 est une vue en coupe radiale selon P de lafigure 3 , - La
figure 4a est un élément de détail de lafigure 4 , illustrant l'une des languettes coopérant avec l'enveloppe, - Les
figures 5 et 5a sont des vues similaires auxfigures 4 et 4a , mais illustrant la position des languettes après le montage de l'écran à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, et - Les
figures 6 et 6a sont des vues similaires auxfigures 5 et 5a , mais illustrant la position des languettes par rapport à l'enveloppe, après l'opération de scellement des éléments de l'ampoule à température élevée.
- The
figure 1 is a perspective view including a cut away, illustrating a vacuum interrupter equipped with a centering device according to the invention, - The
figure 2 is a detail view of the previous figure, showing a metal strip equipped with the tabs according to the invention, - The
figure 3 is a partial perspective view of the bulb, illustrating the position of the tabs with respect to the casing, before the screen is placed inside the ceramic casing, - The
figure 4 is a view in radial section along P of thefigure 3 , - The
figure 4a is a detail element of thefigure 4 , illustrating one of the tabs cooperating with the envelope, - The
figures 5 and 5a are similar views tofigures 4 and 4a , but showing the position of the tabs after mounting the screen inside the enclosure, and - The
figures 6 and 6a are similar views tofigures 5 and 5a , but illustrating the position of the tabs relative to the casing, after the operation of sealing the elements of the high temperature bulb.
Sur la
Selon la réalisation représentée sur la
Cette ampoule est équipée d'un dispositif de centrage D selon l'invention, permettant de réaliser le centrage de l'écran central 6,6a par rapport à l'enveloppe 1,1a, avant la fixation définitive à chaud, dudit écran.This bulb is equipped with a centering device D according to the invention, making it possible to carry out the centering of the
Ce dispositif de centrage D comporte deux bandes métalliques 12,13 fines montées de part et d'autre de la collerette précitée 11, en étant enroulées autour de l'écran 6,6a puis fixées à l'écran par une soudure réalisée entre les deux extrémités en regard de chacune des bandes métalliques.This centering device D comprises two
Ces bandes métalliques sont réalisées de préférence en acier inoxydable, par exemple du type 304L, mais pourraient être réalisées dans un autre matériau, peu cher, élastique, et présentant un coefficient de dilatation proche de celui du cuivre.These metal bands are preferably made of stainless steel, for example of type 304L, but could be made of another material, inexpensive, elastic, and having an expansion coefficient close to that of copper.
Selon une réalisation particulière illustrée sur les figures, ces bandes métalliques 12,13 présentent des portions formées par découpe puis emboutissage partiel d'une partie de la bande métallique de manière à former des languettes élastiques 15 aptes à se plier suivant un axe Y de pliage s'étendant suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe X de l'ampoule.According to a particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, these
Avantageusement, ces languettes 15 présentent une forme demi-ronde mais pourrait présenter une autre forme telle qu'une forme triangulaire ou une forme située entre ces deux formes, ou toute autre forme permettant d'obtenir simplement par découpe une languette élastique.Advantageously, these
Cette bande est découpée à une longueur supérieure de quelques millimètres au périmètre de l'écran 6,6a puis enroulée ensuite autour de l'écran 6,6a. Avantageusement, chacune des bandes précitées 12,13 est placée dans un évidement de forme annulaire 16 réalisé à cet effet autour de l'écran. Chacune des bandes 12,13 est maintenue en position contre l'écran 6,6a par la réalisation d'une soudure par point entre les deux extrémités de la bande, lesquelles extrémités se chevauchant légèrement de manière à permettre cette soudure.This strip is cut to a length that is a few millimeters greater than the perimeter of the
A l'état de repos, préalablement au montage de l'écran 6,6a dans l'enveloppe 1,1a les languettes élastiques 15 sont pliées dans une direction opposée à l'écran 6,6a selon un angle d'inclinaison α dont la valeur est de préférence inférieure ou égale à 85°.In the rest state, prior to mounting the
On notera que l'angle d'inclinaison n'a pas trop d'importance et qu'il faut juste veiller à ne pas dépasser la limite élastique du matériau utilisé, sachant qu'une valeur de 85° maximum pour le premier angle d'inclinaison est préférable afin de faciliter la mise en place de l'écran.Note that the angle of inclination is not too important and that you just have to be careful not to exceed the elastic limit of the material used, knowing that a value of 85 ° maximum for the first tilt angle is preferable in order to facilitate the positioning of the screen.
Avantageusement, l'extrémité des languettes 15 est arrondie afin de ne pas abîmer la céramique lors de la mise en place de l'écran 6,6a à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 1,1a.Advantageously, the end of the
L'élasticité des languettes 15 permet de limiter la pression de contact et ainsi de ne pas endommager le matériau céramique de l'enveloppe 1.The elasticity of the
Lorsque l'on insère à froid à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe en céramique, l'assemblage constitué par l'écran 6,6a et les deux bandes métalliques 12,13 comportant les languettes élastiques écartées, ces languettes 15 sont soumises à un premier fléchissement en direction de l'écran 6,6a lorsqu'elles entrent en contact avec la paroi intérieure 1b de l'enveloppe 1, et le rappel élastique des languettes 15 en position de repos contre cette paroi interne 1b permet de réaliser un premier centrage dit à froid.When inserting cold inside the ceramic casing, the assembly constituted by the
Lors du brasage final de l'ampoule A permettant de fixer les différents éléments internes de l'ampoule à l'enveloppe en céramique, et notamment l'écran central 6,6a, les languettes 15 fléchissent encore un peu plus en direction de l'enveloppe du fait d'une dilatation plus élevée de l'écran par rapport à la céramique.During the final soldering of the bulb A making it possible to fix the various internal elements of the bulb to the ceramic casing, and in particular the
Ainsi, le centrage qui a été réalisé à froid est conservé à chaud, et reste efficace. Au moment du refroidissement, le brasage de l'écran en cuivre à l'enveloppe ayant été réalisé, l'écran est bien fixé à l'enveloppe en céramique.Thus, the centering which was carried out cold is kept hot, and remains effective. At the time of cooling, the brazing of the copper screen to the casing having been carried out, the screen is firmly fixed to the ceramic casing.
On notera que la bande métallique selon l'invention peut être facilement découpée à la bonne longueur en avance à partir de rouleaux préfabriqués en acier.It will be appreciated that the metal strip according to the invention can easily be cut to the correct length in advance from prefabricated steel rollers.
Cette solution est simple et moins coûteuse que la solution utilisant un ressort à spires et, contrairement à la solution utilisant des bossages, elle garantit un vrai centrage. Il n'est plus utile d'utiliser un outillage externe pour réaliser le centrage.This solution is simple and less expensive than the solution using a coil spring and, unlike the solution using bosses, it guarantees true centering. It is no longer useful to use an external tool to perform the centering.
Selon la réalisation illustrée sur les figures, le dispositif de centrage selon l'invention est utilisé pour réaliser le centrage de l'écran central de l'ampoule, mais pourrait de la même manière être utilisé pour réaliser le centrage d'un des autres écrans.According to the embodiment illustrated in the figures, the centering device according to the invention is used to carry out the centering of the central screen of the bulb, but could in the same way be used to carry out the centering of one of the other screens.
Ceci permettrait de faire de l'auto-centrage et ainsi de supprimer les outillages de centrage extérieur et même de réduire le coût des céramiques de ces mêmes ampoules en permettant des tolérances moins serrées.This would make it possible to carry out self-centering and thus eliminate the external centering tools and even reduce the cost of the ceramics for these same bulbs by allowing less tight tolerances.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et illustré qui n'a été donné qu'à titre d'exemple.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and illustrated which has been given only by way of example.
Ainsi, selon une autre réalisation, les languettes pourraient être réalisées de manière que leur axe de pliage s'étende selon un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'écran. Ceci imposerait cependant un sens de montage particulier et nécessiterait une bande métallique plus large.Thus, according to another embodiment, the tongues could be made so that their folding axis extends along an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of the screen. This would however impose a particular direction of assembly and would require a wider metal strip.
Claims (11)
- Device for centring a metal screen inside a vacuum bulb, said bulb having a case with a substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end covers and containing two electrodes, respectively fixed and mobile, said centring device being intended to centre the screen with respect to the case before said screen is fastened to the case at high temperature, said device having at least one metal strip (12, 13) wound around the screen (6, 6a) and fastened thereto, said strip (12, 13) having a plurality of cutouts that form, after plastic deformation, tabs (15) that are inclined with respect to the surface of the screen in the direction of the case, characterized in that said tabs are able, when the screen is introduced into the case of the bulb, to be subjected to first elastic flexing towards the screen (6, 6a) when they come into contact with the internal wall (1b) of the case (1, 1a), these same tabs (15) then realizing first cold centring of said screen (6, 6a) by elastic return of the tabs in the direction of the case (1, 1a), these same tabs being able, during the operation of hot-fixing of said screen (6, 6a) to the case (1,1a), to be subjected to second flexing in the direction of the case beyond the first flexing realized during the abovementioned return, under the effect of the differential expansion between the case and the screen, so as to maintain the first centring realized, and to realize final hot-fixing of said screen.
- Centring device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the abovementioned tabs (15) are folded along a folding axis Y extending in a direction substantially parallel to the axis X of the bulb.
- Centring device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the value α of the angle of inclination of the tabs (15) with respect to the surface of the screen, corresponding to the plastic deformation realized during the production of the screen so as to realize the abovementioned tabs, is at most 85°.
- Centring device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the abovementioned strip (12, 13) is made of stainless steel.
- Centring device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the abovementioned tabs (15) are produced by cutting out then at least partially stamping a part of the abovementioned metal strip (11, 12).
- Centring device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abovementioned tabs (15) have a semi-circular or triangular shape or a shape in between these two shapes.
- Centring device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the abovementioned metal strip (12, 13) is a few millimetres greater than the perimeter of the screen (6, 6a) so as to make it possible to create a spot weld between the two ends of the strip (11, 12).
- Centring device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end of the tabs (15) has a rounded shape so as not to damage the case.
- Use of a centring device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 to centre what is referred to as a central screen, (6, 6a) mounted around the contacts (4, 5) in a vacuum bulb A, and/or to centre what is referred to as an end screen (7, 8) situated at one of the ends of the bulb.
- Vacuum bulb, characterized in that it has at least one centring device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8.
- Vacuum bulb having a case (1) with a substantially cylindrical shape closed by two end covers (2, 3) and containing two contacts (4, 5), respectively fixed and mobile, said bulb A also having a central screen (6, 6a) situated around the contacts (4, 5) and made up of a cylindrical part having a collar (11) extending from the cylindrical part of the screen (6, 6a) in a direction perpendicular to the axis X of the screen (6, 6a), said collar (11) being placed between two case parts, characterized in that it has a centring device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 having two metal strips intended to be fitted respectively on either side of said collar (11).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1754227A FR3066311A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2017-05-15 | DEVICE FOR CENTERING A METAL SCREEN IN A VACUUM BULB, AND VACUUM BULB COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3404688A1 EP3404688A1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
EP3404688B1 true EP3404688B1 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
Family
ID=59859162
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18160222.8A Active EP3404688B1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-03-06 | Device for centring a metal screen in a vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter comprising such a device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3404688B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108870152B (en) |
FR (1) | FR3066311A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1093231A (en) * | 1964-02-12 | 1967-11-29 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements relating to vacuum switches |
DE3344643A1 (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1985-06-20 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Vacuum switching tube for medium-voltage switching apparatuses |
DE3719256C2 (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1993-11-04 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | VACUUM SWITCHING CHAMBER |
JPS6489126A (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Vacuum valve |
DE3806921A1 (en) * | 1988-03-03 | 1989-09-14 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | VACUUM SWITCH CHAMBER |
US7034460B2 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2006-04-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | High pressure discharge lamp |
JP5851187B2 (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2016-02-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Vacuum valve |
FR3023056B1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-07-22 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | AUTOCENTER ASSEMBLY FOR VACUUM BULB AND VACUUM BULB |
-
2017
- 2017-05-15 FR FR1754227A patent/FR3066311A1/en active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-03-06 EP EP18160222.8A patent/EP3404688B1/en active Active
- 2018-04-17 CN CN201810341895.3A patent/CN108870152B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN108870152B (en) | 2022-04-26 |
EP3404688A1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
FR3066311A1 (en) | 2018-11-16 |
CN108870152A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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