EP3621743B1 - Disintegrrating device comprising a comb system - Google Patents

Disintegrrating device comprising a comb system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3621743B1
EP3621743B1 EP18725737.3A EP18725737A EP3621743B1 EP 3621743 B1 EP3621743 B1 EP 3621743B1 EP 18725737 A EP18725737 A EP 18725737A EP 3621743 B1 EP3621743 B1 EP 3621743B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crushing device
crushing
screening
suspension
spring
Prior art date
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Application number
EP18725737.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3621743A1 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Doppstadt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lig GmbH
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Lig GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Lig GmbH filed Critical Lig GmbH
Priority to PL18725737T priority Critical patent/PL3621743T3/en
Publication of EP3621743A1 publication Critical patent/EP3621743A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3621743B1 publication Critical patent/EP3621743B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/145—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with knives spaced axially and circumferentially on the periphery of a cylindrical rotor unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C2018/164—Prevention of jamming and/or overload
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shredding device with a comb system, the shredding device consisting of at least one shredding roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame with at least one shredding tool arranged thereon, the shredding device having at least one counter-blade which interacts with the shredding tool, the comb system having at least one basic comb , on which the at least one shearbar is arranged and on which at least one sieve element can be arranged as part of a sieve device, the sieve device at least partially encompassing the shredding roller when used as intended and the sieve element being resiliently mounted with a spring on the base comb.
  • Such comminution devices are well known in the prior art.
  • Such a shredding device is also from the earlier utility model DE 20 2015 003 527 known to the applicant.
  • the resilient mounting of the sieve elements was described here. This flexible, resilient mounting has already reduced the overload on the devices due to clogging up to standstill and breakage of the tools.
  • the U.S. 2,261,090 relates to a shredding device with a shredding roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame.
  • the SU 1 444 158 A1 relates to a comminution device with a comb system, the comminution device comprising a comminution roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a comminuting device which no longer has at least one of the disadvantages described above.
  • a comminuting device with a comb system consisting of at least one comminuting roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame with at least one comminuting tool arranged thereon, the comminuting device having at least one counter-blade which interacts with the comminuting tool, the comb system having at least one basic comb on which the at least one shearbar is arranged and on which at least one sieve element can be arranged as part of a sieve device, the sieve device at least partially encompassing the shredding roller when used as intended and the sieve element being resiliently mounted with a spring on the base comb, which is characterized by that the suspension is formed from at least one compression spring designed as a spiral spring, in the core of which at least one cylindrical body made of an elastic material is arranged .
  • the solution described above ensures that overloading of the compression springs is avoided in that the cylindrical body made of an elastic material prevents the evasive movements or point contact of the spring coils from occurring.
  • a cylindrical body made of an elastic material is introduced into the clear inner area of the compression spring.
  • Elastomers preferably used for this purpose have the desired property that they have a progressive pressure-displacement characteristic. Now this material can prevent the spring coils from hitting one another.
  • the fact that the elastic material undergoes a spherical expansion when the spring is stressed prevents the S-shaped deflection deformation described above from occurring.
  • a specific, non-linear, stepped suspension characteristic can also be generated by suitable coordination of the outside diameter of the elastomer element and the clear inside diameter of the spiral pressure errors. This is a further essential advantage that results from the use of the solution according to the invention.
  • an elastomer with a progressive pressure-displacement characteristic is provided as the elastic material.
  • the selected material for the cylindrical elastomer body has a hardness of 60 to 120 Shore, for example.
  • a material with the hardness designation 90 Shore A is preferably used. Such a material best fulfills the desired properties described above, with the aid of which the advantages according to the invention can be achieved.
  • the cylindrical elastomer body has a central through-hole, by means of which a further parameter for a targeted suspension behavior is present. This ensures that the elastomer body can move elastically into the middle when a corresponding load is applied. Deformation and damage caused by a corresponding load are thereby specifically avoided.
  • the suspension behavior can be specifically influenced by changing the diameter of the bore. If the diameter of the hole is larger, the spring behavior becomes softer, while with a smaller hole the suspension becomes tighter.
  • the cylindrical body is designed as an elastomer spring element, the outer diameter of which corresponds to the inner diameter or the core diameter of the compression spring. This increases the stability of the spring arrangement. At the same time, the desired effects of limiting the spring travel or damping pressure under load are achieved.
  • a comminution device as described above, is characterized in that the cylindrical body extends only over part of the inner spring travel. However, the invention also provides that the cylindrical body extends over the entire inner spring travel of the compression spring. With appropriate coordination, the effects or desired properties described above can be achieved with both solutions.
  • cylindrical body acts as an end position delimiter and / or end position damping for the compression spring.
  • the solution described in this way represents the preferred variant of the solution according to the invention.
  • the comminution device according to the invention is also distinguished by structural variants which have already proven themselves in the prior art, but which, in combination with the proposed solutions described above, lead to further improvements of the comminution device. It is also provided that a suspension is provided as a component of the bearing as a cardanic bearing on the base comb, on which the sieve element is pivotably mounted, preferably pivotable in two different directions, e.g. in a horizontal and vertical orientation.
  • the bearing which can be pivoted in two different directions, means that the screen elements can not only avoid larger disruptive elements in a vertically oriented manner, but also horizontally. This naturally reduces the device's susceptibility to failure even further.
  • the suspension is designed at right angles and at least on the side facing the sieve element is fork-shaped or angled on one side in order to accommodate the sieve element.
  • a locking piece is provided for fixing the sieve element, the locking piece being attachable to the suspension by means of a fastening element.
  • the compression spring has end disks with attachment options at the ends. This is also part of the structurally modified solution with regard to the suspension.
  • a preferably exchangeable receptacle is provided on the base comb, on which the suspension, the suspension and the sieve element are interchangeably arranged.
  • the entire receptacle possibly also with arranged sieve elements, can be dismantled or reassembled together from the base comb. This means that entire assemblies can be kept available, which can then be exchanged accordingly in the agreed application. Different designed assemblies can also be provided for repair purposes. A single suspension or a single exchange of possibly damaged sieve elements is also possible as a result.
  • the comminution device according to the invention is also characterized in that the suspension comprises an adjusting device by means of which the pretensioning force of the spring and / or the angle of incidence of the sieve element can be adjusted.
  • the sieve element as a comb extension element, follows or is adapted to the radius of the comminuting roller.
  • An advantageous development of the invention proposes that the distance between the sieve element and the shredding roller can be adjusted. This allows, for example, the size for Define the shredded material or determine how large the material to be re-fed to the shredding can be.
  • the comminuting device according to the invention is designed in such a way that a pivoting device is provided, by means of which the base comb can be pivoted about an axis.
  • a pivoting device is provided, by means of which the base comb can be pivoted about an axis.
  • the distance between the shredding tools and the counter-blades can be changed, which is necessary if you want to change the size of the shredded material.
  • this property of the device can also be used to clean the spaces between the rollers between the teeth if too much material adheres there. This can occur, for example, with very moist material.
  • the comminution as a whole is hindered, which can be eliminated with the property of the device described above.
  • a toothed strip is provided on which the anvil is arranged individually or as an assembly with a plurality of anvil.
  • the invention proposes that the comminution device or the comb system comprises at least the base comb, the toothed strip with counter blades or alternate teeth and the sieve device with the receptacle and sieve elements as comb extension elements.
  • the sieve device of the comminuting device according to the invention is advantageously designed like a basket. Individual sieve elements form the basket.
  • the comminution device according to the invention is further characterized in that the position of the comminution roller and the sieve device in the device is oriented essentially horizontally and / or the sieve device comprises the comminution roller in the erection direction in the lower area.
  • the Figures 1a and 1b show a side view and a three-dimensional representation of the basic comb II, provided with sieve elements 41, of the comminution device according to the prior art.
  • the shredding roller 1 is arranged in a frame, not shown, as is the base comb II with the elements arranged thereon.
  • the comb system according to the invention is indicated schematically with an arrow and the reference symbol I. This consists of a base comb II on which the counter-blades 3 and the sieve elements 41 of the sieving device 4 are arranged.
  • the base comb II can be pivoted about an axis A.
  • the pivoting movement is realized by a pivoting device 5, which is formed from a hydraulic cylinder 50 which is fastened in the device via a base comb axis 51 and a housing axis 52.
  • the housing axis is provided on the frame, not shown, of the shredding device.
  • the sieve elements 41 are attached to a suspension 7, which is part of the storage, on the base comb II.
  • the resilient mounting is achieved by the suspension 6, which, like the suspension 7, are arranged on a preferably exchangeable receptacle 10.
  • the suspension 7 and the suspension 6 are provided in parallel spaced apart from one another, which means that both the pretensioning force of the spring 61 and the pitch angle ⁇ of the sieve elements 41 can be changed with the aid of an adjusting device 62.
  • a compression spring which is at least partially arranged in a spring sleeve 63, is provided as the spring 61.
  • the suspension 7 of the screen elements 41 can be designed as a cardanic suspension.
  • the pivoting device 5 also comprises a further hydraulic cylinder 9, which, however, acts in the opposite direction to the hydraulic cylinder 50.
  • the distance between the base comb II and the shredding roller 1 is set to the stop by the hydraulic cylinder 9.
  • a toothed strip 31 is provided on the base comb II, on which the counter blades 3 are provided individually or as an assembly with a plurality of counter blades 3.
  • a wear plate 32 is also provided between the toothed bar 31 and the counter-blade 3, which is designed as a comb tooth, which prevents the entire base comb II from having to be replaced in the event of wear. You then only exchange the wear plate.
  • the counter blades 3 are fixed to the base comb by means of a lock 10, which can preferably also be designed hydraulically.
  • the solution according to the invention is shown. It was limited to a lateral representation of a sieve element 41 and the suspension 6.
  • the suspension 6 is indicated schematically with an arrow.
  • the suspension 6 consists of the compression spring 61. This is designed as a spiral spring.
  • the compression spring 61 has end disks 65, which have fastening options at their ends, which are not shown in detail.
  • the compression spring 61 can be arranged at least partially in a spring sleeve 63.
  • the suspension 6 has an end position limit B. This is also only indicated schematically with an arrow.
  • the preferred solution according to the invention is characterized in that the suspension 6 is formed from at least one compression spring 61 designed as a spiral spring, in the core of which at least one cylindrical body 64 is arranged.
  • the cylindrical body 64 extends only over part of the inner spring travel of the compression spring 61.
  • this structural solution is not to be understood as a restriction for the invention. Rather, the solution according to the invention also includes a variant in which the entire spring travel of the compression spring is filled by this cylindrical body 64.
  • the cylindrical body 64 consists of an elastic material which has a progressive pressure-displacement characteristic.
  • the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 64 corresponds to the inner diameter of the compression spring 61.
  • the suspension 7 is structurally solved somewhat differently according to the invention than in the prior art. It is designed at right angles, with the compression spring 61 being arranged on one leg of the right angle and a locking piece 71 on the other leg, which can be fastened to the suspension 7 by means of a fastening element 72. At least on the side of the suspension 7 facing the locking piece 71, this is either fork-shaped or designed as an angle element.
  • the sieve element 41 is encompassed by the “fork” of the locking piece 71 on the side facing the suspension 7 or is fastened at least on one side by the angle of the locking piece 71.
  • flat iron pieces 8 are provided, which guide the rearwardly facing leg of the sieve element 41 laterally. These flat iron pieces 8 can be bevelled laterally on the side of the leg of the sieve element 41, so that they allow lateral movement up to certain limits. A limited, cardanic behavior of the sieve elements 41 can thus be achieved.
  • the Figures 2c and 2d show the previously described solution of the Figures 2a and 2b , but here once as a sectional side view and as a three-dimensional representation. It can be seen in particular from the three-dimensional representation that the locking piece 71 can be designed both as a fork or as an angle. In the fork-shaped configuration, the sieve element 41 is encompassed on both sides, while in the angular configuration it is only supported on one side. A sieve element 41 is fixed to the suspension 7, while 2 further sieve elements can still be mounted through the openings 73.
  • the flat iron pieces 8 described above form an additional, lateral guide for the sieve elements 41.
  • a bolt is provided here as the fastening means 72, which is secured by means of a split pin.
  • a stiffening plate 74 reinforces the suspension 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einem Kammsystem, wobei die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung aus wenigstens einer in einem Maschinengestell drehbar gelagerten Zerkleinerungswalze mit zumindest einem darauf angeordneten Zerkleinerungswerkzeug besteht, wobei die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung wenigstens eine Gegenschneide aufweist, die mit dem Zerkleinerungswerkzeug zusammenwirkt, wobei das Kammsystem wenigstens einem Grundkamm aufweist, an dem die wenigstens eine Gegenschneide angeordnet ist und an dem wenigstens ein Siebelement als Bestandteil einer Siebvorrichtung anordenbar ist, wobei die Siebvorrichtung im bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatz die Zerkleinerungswalze zumindest teilweise umfasst und das Siebelement federnd mit einer Federung an dem Grundkamm gelagert ist.The invention relates to a shredding device with a comb system, the shredding device consisting of at least one shredding roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame with at least one shredding tool arranged thereon, the shredding device having at least one counter-blade which interacts with the shredding tool, the comb system having at least one basic comb , on which the at least one shearbar is arranged and on which at least one sieve element can be arranged as part of a sieve device, the sieve device at least partially encompassing the shredding roller when used as intended and the sieve element being resiliently mounted with a spring on the base comb.

Derartige Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen sind im Stand der Technik hinlänglich bekannt. Eine solche Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung ist auch aus dem früheren Gebrauchsmuster DE 20 2015 003 527 der Anmelderin bekannt. Hier wurde die federnde Lagerung der Siebelemente beschrieben. Durch diese bewegliche, federnde Lagerung konnte Überlast an den Vorrichtungen durch Verstopfungen bis hin zum Stillstand und Bruch an den Werkzeugen bereits reduziert werden.Such comminution devices are well known in the prior art. Such a shredding device is also from the earlier utility model DE 20 2015 003 527 known to the applicant. The resilient mounting of the sieve elements was described here. This flexible, resilient mounting has already reduced the overload on the devices due to clogging up to standstill and breakage of the tools.

Ein Nachteil, der sich bei bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatz der zuvor beschriebenen Vorrichtungen herausgestellt hat ist, dass die Druckfedern durch die Prozessbeanspruchung bis hin zu einer "Block-Pressung" komprimiert werden. Dies führt beispielsweise auch zu einer Berührung der Federdraht-Wendeln. Dadurch treten zufällige, punktuelle Berührungen auf, die zu örtlichen Überlastungen führen und die den Bruch der Federdrahtwendeln hervorrufen können. Dies ist mit einem Totalversagen der Einzelbaugruppe gleichzusetzen. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist darin zu sehen, dass sich die Druckfeder bei seitlichen Ausweichbewegungen S-förmig verformt. Auch dies kann zu einem Bruch des Federdrahts bzw. der Federdrahtwendeln führen.A disadvantage that has emerged when the devices described above are used as intended is that the compression springs are compressed by the process stress up to a "block pressing". This also leads, for example, to contact with the spring wire coils. As a result, accidental, punctual contacts occur, which lead to local overloads and which can cause the spring wire coils to break. This can be equated with a total failure of the individual assembly. Another disadvantage is that the compression spring is deformed in an S-shape when it moves sideways. This can also lead to breakage of the spring wire or the spring wire coils.

Die US 2,261,090 betrifft eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einer in einem Maschinengestell drehbar gelagerten Zerkleinerungswalze.The U.S. 2,261,090 relates to a shredding device with a shredding roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame.

Die SU 1 444 158 A1 betrifft eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einem Kammsystem, wobei die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung eine in einem Maschinengestell drehbar gelagerten Zerkleinerungswalze umfasst.The SU 1 444 158 A1 relates to a comminution device with a comb system, the comminution device comprising a comminution roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung vorzuschlagen, die zumindest einen der zuvor beschriebenen Nachteile nicht mehr aufweist.Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is to propose a comminuting device which no longer has at least one of the disadvantages described above.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Demgemäß durch eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit einem Kammsystem, wobei die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung aus wenigstens einer in einem Maschinengestell drehbar gelagerten Zerkleinerungswalze mit zumindest einem darauf angeordneten Zerkleinerungswerkzeug besteht, wobei die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung wenigstens eine Gegenschneide aufweist, die mit dem Zerkleinerungswerkzeug zusammenwirkt, wobei das Kammsystem wenigstens einen Grundkamm aufweist, an dem die wenigstens eine Gegenschneide angeordnet ist und an dem wenigstens ein Siebelement als Bestandteil einer Siebvorrichtung anordenbar ist, wobei die Siebvorrichtung im bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatz die Zerkleinerungswalze zumindest teilweise umfasst und das Siebelement federnd mit einer Federung an dem Grundkamm gelagert ist, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Federung aus wenigstens einer als Spiralfeder ausgebildeten Druckfeder gebildet ist, in deren Kern wenigstens ein zylindrischer Körper aus einem elastischen Werkstoff angeordnet ist.The object of the invention is achieved by the features of claim 1. Accordingly, by a comminuting device with a comb system, the comminuting device consisting of at least one comminuting roller rotatably mounted in a machine frame with at least one comminuting tool arranged thereon, the comminuting device having at least one counter-blade which interacts with the comminuting tool, the comb system having at least one basic comb on which the at least one shearbar is arranged and on which at least one sieve element can be arranged as part of a sieve device, the sieve device at least partially encompassing the shredding roller when used as intended and the sieve element being resiliently mounted with a spring on the base comb, which is characterized by that the suspension is formed from at least one compression spring designed as a spiral spring, in the core of which at least one cylindrical body made of an elastic material is arranged .

Durch die zuvor beschriebene Lösung wird erreicht, dass eine Überbelastung der Druckfedern vermieden wird, indem der zylindrische Körper aus einem elastischen Werkstoff verhindert, dass die Ausweichbewegungen bzw. punktuellen Berührungen der Federwendeln auftreten können. So wird in den lichten Innenbereich der Druckfeder ein zylindrischer Körper eingebracht, der aus einem elastischen Werkstoff besteht. Dazu vorzugsweise eingesetzte Elastomere haben die gewünschte Eigenschaft, dass sie eine progressive Druck-Weg-Kennlinie aufweisen. Nun kann dieser Werkstoff verhindern, dass die Federwendeln aneinanderschlagen. Dadurch, dass durch die Kompression des elastischen Werkstoffs bei Beanspruchung der Feder dieser eine ballige Ausweitung erfährt, wird verhindert, dass die weiter oben beschriebene S-förmige Ausweichverformung auftritt. Somit werden beide nachteilig beschriebene Wirkungen des Standes der Technik durch die erfindungsgemäße vorgeschlagene Lösung beseitigt. Die Ausfallzeiten werden noch weiter reduziert und die Störanfälligkeit der Vorrichtung insgesamt verringert.The solution described above ensures that overloading of the compression springs is avoided in that the cylindrical body made of an elastic material prevents the evasive movements or point contact of the spring coils from occurring. A cylindrical body made of an elastic material is introduced into the clear inner area of the compression spring. Elastomers preferably used for this purpose have the desired property that they have a progressive pressure-displacement characteristic. Now this material can prevent the spring coils from hitting one another. The fact that the elastic material undergoes a spherical expansion when the spring is stressed prevents the S-shaped deflection deformation described above from occurring. Thus, both disadvantageously described effects of the prior art are eliminated by the proposed solution according to the invention. The downtimes are reduced even further and the device's susceptibility to failure is reduced overall.

Durch eine geeignete Abstimmung des Außendurchmessers des Elastomer- Elementes und des lichten Innendurchmesser der Spiraldruckfehler kann auch eine gezielte, nichtlineare, gestufte Federungskennlinie erzeugt werden. Dies ist ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil, der sich durch den Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ergibt.A specific, non-linear, stepped suspension characteristic can also be generated by suitable coordination of the outside diameter of the elastomer element and the clear inside diameter of the spiral pressure errors. This is a further essential advantage that results from the use of the solution according to the invention.

Die Grundkonstruktion der Vorrichtung des Standes der Technik wurde durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung derart verändert, dass keine zentrale Durchgangsschraube zur Befestigung mehr vorhanden ist. Vielmehr wird die Konstruktion jetzt so gewählt, dass die Spiral-Druckfeder Stirnscheiben aufweist, die wiederum Befestigungsmöglichkeiten an den Enden besitzen. Dadurch werden die Feder und weitere Funktionsbauteile in entlastetem Zustand in Position gehalten.The basic construction of the device of the prior art was changed by the solution according to the invention in such a way that there is no longer a central through screw for fastening. Rather, the design is now chosen so that the spiral compression spring has end disks, which in turn have fastening options at the ends. As a result, the spring and other functional components are held in position in the unloaded state.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung sieht vor, dass als elastischer Werkstoff ein Elastomer mit einer progressiven Druck-Weg-Kennlinie vorgesehen ist. Der gewählte Werkstoff für den zylindrischen Elastomer-Körper besitzt beispielsweise eine Härte von 60 bis 120 Shore. Bevorzugt wird ein Werkstoff eingesetzt, der die Härtebezeichnung 90 Shore A besitzt. Ein solcher Werkstoff erfüllt am besten die zuvor beschriebenen erwünschten Eigenschaften, mit deren Hilfe die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile erreicht werden können.An advantageous further development of the solution according to the invention provides that an elastomer with a progressive pressure-displacement characteristic is provided as the elastic material. The selected material for the cylindrical elastomer body has a hardness of 60 to 120 Shore, for example. A material with the hardness designation 90 Shore A is preferably used. Such a material best fulfills the desired properties described above, with the aid of which the advantages according to the invention can be achieved.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zylindrische Elastomer- Körper eine zentrale Durchgangsbohrung aufweist, mittels derer ein weiterer Parameter für ein gezieltes Federungsverhalten vorliegt. Damit wird erreicht, dass ein elastisches Ausweichen des Elastomer-Körpers bei einer entsprechenden Belastung in die Mitte erfolgen kann. Eine Verformung und Beschädigung durch eine entsprechende Belastung wird dadurch gezielt vermieden. Durch Veränderung des Durchmessers der Bohrung ist das Federungsverhalten gezielt beeinflussbar. Wählt man den Durchmesser der Bohrung größer, wird das Federverhalten weicher, während bei einer kleineren Bohrung die Federung straffer wird.An advantageous further development of the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the cylindrical elastomer body has a central through-hole, by means of which a further parameter for a targeted suspension behavior is present. This ensures that the elastomer body can move elastically into the middle when a corresponding load is applied. Deformation and damage caused by a corresponding load are thereby specifically avoided. The suspension behavior can be specifically influenced by changing the diameter of the bore. If the diameter of the hole is larger, the spring behavior becomes softer, while with a smaller hole the suspension becomes tighter.

Bei der Erfindung ist der zylindrische Körper als Elastomer-Federelement ausgebildet ist, dessen Außendurchmesser dem Innendurchmesser bzw. dem Kerndurchmesser der Druckfeder entspricht. Damit wird die Stabilität der Federanordnung erhöht. Gleichzeitig werden auch die gewünschten Effekte der Federwegbegrenzung bzw. Druckdämpfung bei Belastung erreicht.In the invention, the cylindrical body is designed as an elastomer spring element, the outer diameter of which corresponds to the inner diameter or the core diameter of the compression spring. This increases the stability of the spring arrangement. At the same time, the desired effects of limiting the spring travel or damping pressure under load are achieved.

Eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung, wie zuvor beschrieben, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der zylindrische Körper sich nur über einen Teil des inneren Federwegs erstreckt. Die Erfindung sieht allerdings auch vor, dass sich der zylindrische Körper über den gesamten inneren Federweg der Druckfeder erstreckt. Bei entsprechender Abstimmung lassen sich mit beiden Lösungen die zuvor beschriebenen Effekte bzw. gewünschten Eigenschaften erreichen.A comminution device, as described above, is characterized in that the cylindrical body extends only over part of the inner spring travel. However, the invention also provides that the cylindrical body extends over the entire inner spring travel of the compression spring. With appropriate coordination, the effects or desired properties described above can be achieved with both solutions.

Dabei ist es nach der Erfindung selbstverständlich auch vorgesehen, dass der zylindrische Körper als Endlagenbegrenzung und/oder Endlagendämpfung für die Druckfeder wirkt. Die so beschriebene Lösung stellt die bevorzugte Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung dar.It is of course also provided according to the invention that the cylindrical body acts as an end position delimiter and / or end position damping for the compression spring. The solution described in this way represents the preferred variant of the solution according to the invention.

Die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung zeichnet sich auch durch konstruktive Varianten aus, die sich im Stand der Technik bereits bewährt haben, die allerdings in Kombination mit den zuvor beschriebenen Lösungsvorschlägen zu weiteren Verbesserungen der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung führen. So ist es auch vorgesehen, dass eine Aufhängung als Bestandteil der Lagerung auch als kardanische Lagerung an dem Grundkamm vorgesehen ist, an der das Siebelement schwenkbar, vorzugsweise in zwei unterschiedliche Richtungen schwenkbar, z.B. in horizontaler und vertikaler Orientierung, gelagert ist. Insbesondere die in zwei unterschiedliche Richtungen schwenkbare Lagerung führt dazu, dass die Siebelemente nicht nur vertikal orientiert größeren Störelementen ausweichen können, sondern auch horizontal. Dadurch wird natürlich die Störanfälligkeit der Vorrichtung noch weiter reduziert.The comminution device according to the invention is also distinguished by structural variants which have already proven themselves in the prior art, but which, in combination with the proposed solutions described above, lead to further improvements of the comminution device. It is also provided that a suspension is provided as a component of the bearing as a cardanic bearing on the base comb, on which the sieve element is pivotably mounted, preferably pivotable in two different directions, e.g. in a horizontal and vertical orientation. In particular, the bearing, which can be pivoted in two different directions, means that the screen elements can not only avoid larger disruptive elements in a vertically oriented manner, but also horizontally. This naturally reduces the device's susceptibility to failure even further.

Entsprechend einer Weiterbildung der zuvor beschriebenen Lösung ist es vorgesehen, dass die Aufhängung rechtwinklig ausgebildet und zumindest an der zum Siebelement weisenden Seite gabelförmig oder einseitig abgewinkelt ausgebildet ist, um das Siebelement aufzunehmen. Diese Lösung ist konstruktiv komplett abweichend von der im Stand der Technik bekannten Lösung und führt zu einer weiteren Verbesserung des Federverhaltens und insbesondere zu einer Verringerung der Störanfälligkeit.According to a further development of the solution described above, it is provided that the suspension is designed at right angles and at least on the side facing the sieve element is fork-shaped or angled on one side in order to accommodate the sieve element. This solution is structurally completely different from the solution known in the prior art and leads to a further improvement in the spring behavior and in particular to a reduction in the susceptibility to failure.

Ein weiterer Aspekt dieser Weiterbildung ist dadurch angegeben, dass ein Arretierungsstück zur Fixierung des Siebelements vorgesehen ist, wobei das Arretierungsstück mittels eines Befestigungselements an der Aufhängung befestigbar ist.Another aspect of this development is specified in that a locking piece is provided for fixing the sieve element, the locking piece being attachable to the suspension by means of a fastening element.

Von Vorteil ist es auch, wenn die Druckfeder Stirnscheiben mit Befestigungsmöglichkeiten an den Enden aufweist. Dies ist ebenfalls Bestandteil der konstruktiv veränderten Lösung bezüglich der der Aufhängung.It is also advantageous if the compression spring has end disks with attachment options at the ends. This is also part of the structurally modified solution with regard to the suspension.

Es hat sich auch als Vorteil herausgestellt, wenn die Federung parallel beabstandet zur Aufhängung vorgesehen ist. Dadurch kann ausreichender Platz in der Vorrichtung für die Anordnung der Feder vorgesehen werden.It has also proven to be an advantage if the suspension is provided at a distance parallel to the suspension. This allows sufficient space to be provided in the device for the arrangement of the spring.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung ist dadurch angegeben, dass eine vorzugsweise wechselbare Aufnahme an dem Grundkamm vorgesehen ist, an der die Aufhängung, die Federung und das Siebelelement auswechselbar angeordnet sind. Somit lässt sich die gesamte Aufnahme, gegebenenfalls auch mit angeordneten Siebelementen gemeinsam von dem Grundkamm demontieren bzw. wieder montieren. Somit kann man ganze Baugruppen vorhalten, die im vereinbarten Einsatzfall dann entsprechend ausgetauscht werden können. Auch für Reparaturzwecke kann man unterschiedlich ausgestaltete Baugruppen vorsehen. Auch eine einzelne Aufhängung bzw. ein einzelner Austausch von gegebenenfalls beschädigten Siebelementen ist dadurch möglich.Another aspect of the comminution device according to the invention is indicated in that a preferably exchangeable receptacle is provided on the base comb, on which the suspension, the suspension and the sieve element are interchangeably arranged. Thus, the entire receptacle, possibly also with arranged sieve elements, can be dismantled or reassembled together from the base comb. This means that entire assemblies can be kept available, which can then be exchanged accordingly in the agreed application. Different designed assemblies can also be provided for repair purposes. A single suspension or a single exchange of possibly damaged sieve elements is also possible as a result.

Die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung zeichnet sich entsprechend einer Weiterbildung auch dadurch aus, dass die Federung eine Einstellvorrichtung umfasst, mittels derer die Vorspannkraft der Feder und/oder der Anstellwinkel des Siebelementes einstellbar ist.According to a further development, the comminution device according to the invention is also characterized in that the suspension comprises an adjusting device by means of which the pretensioning force of the spring and / or the angle of incidence of the sieve element can be adjusted.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es natürlich auch vorgesehen, wenn an der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung eine Vielzahl von Siebelementen an der Aufnahme angeordnet ist und die Siebelemente gemeinsam mit der Aufnahme als gemeinsame Baugruppe montierbar bzw. demontierbar vorgesehen sind.According to the invention it is of course also provided if a multiplicity of sieve elements are arranged on the receptacle on the comminution device and the sieve elements are provided to be mountable or dismountable together with the receptacle as a common assembly.

Von Vorteil ist es weiterhin, wenn das Siebelement als Kammverlängerungselement dem Radius der Zerkleinerungswalze folgt bzw. angepasst ist. Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung schlägt vor, dass der Abstand des Siebelements zur Zerkleinerungswalze einstellbar ist. Damit lässt sich beispielsweise die Größe für das zerkleinerte Material festlegen bzw. festlegen, wie groß das der Zerkleinerung erneut zuzuführende Material sein kann.It is also advantageous if the sieve element, as a comb extension element, follows or is adapted to the radius of the comminuting roller. An advantageous development of the invention proposes that the distance between the sieve element and the shredding roller can be adjusted. This allows, for example, the size for Define the shredded material or determine how large the material to be re-fed to the shredding can be.

Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich herausgestellt, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung derart ausgebildet ist, dass eine Schwenkvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, mittels derer der Grundkamm über eine Achse verschwenkbar ist. Somit lässt sich der Abstand der Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge von den Gegenschneiden verändern, was notwendig ist, wenn man die Größe für das zerkleinerte Gut verändern möchte. Gleichzeitig kann man den Grundkamm gemeinsam mit den Gegenschneiden und den Siebelementen auf die Zerkleinerungswalze zu und wieder von ihr wegbewegen. Neben der gewünschten Abstandsverstellung kann man diese Eigenschaft der Vorrichtung auch zur Reinigung der Walzenzwischenräume zwischen den Zähnen nutzen, wenn dort zu viel Material anhaftet. Dies kann beispielsweise bei sehr feuchtem Material auftreten. Dadurch wird natürlich die Zerkleinerung insgesamt behindert, was mit der zuvor beschriebenen Eigenschaft der Vorrichtung eliminiert werden kann.It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the comminuting device according to the invention is designed in such a way that a pivoting device is provided, by means of which the base comb can be pivoted about an axis. In this way, the distance between the shredding tools and the counter-blades can be changed, which is necessary if you want to change the size of the shredded material. At the same time, you can move the base comb together with the countercutters and the sieve elements towards the shredding roller and away from it again. In addition to the desired adjustment of the distance, this property of the device can also be used to clean the spaces between the rollers between the teeth if too much material adheres there. This can occur, for example, with very moist material. As a result, of course, the comminution as a whole is hindered, which can be eliminated with the property of the device described above.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass eine Zahnleiste vorgesehen ist, an der die Gegenschneide einzeln oder als Baugruppe mit einer Vielzahl von Gegenscheiden angeordnet ist.Another aspect of the invention is to be seen in the fact that a toothed strip is provided on which the anvil is arranged individually or as an assembly with a plurality of anvil.

Die Erfindung schlägt vor, dass die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung bzw. das Kammsystem zumindest den Grundkamm, die Zahnleiste mit Gegenschneiden bzw. Wechselzähnen und die Siebvorrichtung mit der Aufnahme und Siebelementen als Kammverlängerungselemente umfasst.The invention proposes that the comminution device or the comb system comprises at least the base comb, the toothed strip with counter blades or alternate teeth and the sieve device with the receptacle and sieve elements as comb extension elements.

Die Siebvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung ist vorteilhafterweise korbartig ausgebildet. Dabei bilden einzelne Siebelemente den Korb.The sieve device of the comminuting device according to the invention is advantageously designed like a basket. Individual sieve elements form the basket.

Die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung ist weiterhin dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lage der Zerkleinerungswalze und der Siebvorrichtung in der Vorrichtung im Wesentlichen waagerecht orientiert ist und/oder die Siebvorrichtung die Zerkleinerungswalze in Aufstellrichtung im unteren Bereich umfasst.The comminution device according to the invention is further characterized in that the position of the comminution roller and the sieve device in the device is oriented essentially horizontally and / or the sieve device comprises the comminution roller in the erection direction in the lower area.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1a - 1b
verschiedene Ansichten von Details der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach dem Stand der Technik,
Fig. 2a - 2b
Darstellungen der erfindungsgemäßen Federung des Siebelementes als Explosionsdarstellung und in montiertem Zustand,
Fig. 2c - 2d
Darstellung der Fig. 2a und 2b als Schnitt und in dreidimensionaler Ausführung.
The invention is described below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Show it:
Figures 1a-1b
various views of details of the prior art comminution device,
Figures 2a-2b
Representations of the suspension of the screen element according to the invention as exploded views and in the assembled state,
Figures 2c-2d
presentation of the Figures 2a and 2b as a cut and in three-dimensional execution.

Eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung wird nachfolgend anhand der Figuren beschrieben. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass es sich bei der zeichnerischen Darstellung lediglich um ein Beispiel für eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung handelt, die keineswegs einschränkend zu verstehen ist. In den Zeichnungen werden gleiche Merkmale mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen, weshalb alle Zeichnungen im Komplex beschrieben werden können.An embodiment of the comminuting device according to the invention is described below with reference to the figures. It should be noted that the graphic representation is merely an example of a comminution device according to the invention, which is in no way to be understood as restrictive. In the drawings, the same features are given the same reference numerals, which is why all the drawings can be described as a complex.

Die Figuren 1a und 1b zeigen dabei eine Seitenansicht und eine dreidimensionale Darstellung des mit Siebelementen 41 versehenen Grundkamms II der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung nach dem Stand der Technik. Die Zerkleinerungswalze 1 ist in einem nicht dargestellten Gestell ebenso angeordnet wie der Grundkamm II mit den daran angeordneten Elementen. Schematisch mit einem Pfeil und dem Bezugszeichen I angedeutet ist das erfindungsgemäße Kammsystem. Dieses besteht aus einem Grundkamm II, an dem Gegenschneiden 3 und die Siebelemente 41 der Siebvorrichtung 4 angeordnet sind. Der Grundkamm II ist über eine Achse A verschwenkbar. Die Verschwenkbewegung wird von einer Schwenkvorrichtung 5 realisiert, die aus einem Hydraulikzylinder 50 gebildet ist, der über eine Grundkammachse 51 und eine Gehäuseachse 52 in der Vorrichtung befestigt ist. Die Gehäuseachse ist dabei an dem nicht dargestellten Gestell der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung vorgesehen. Die Siebelemente 41 sind an einer Aufhängung 7, die Bestandteil der Lagerung ist, an dem Grundkamm II befestigt. Die federnde Lagerung wird durch die Federung 6 erreicht, die ebenso wie die Aufhängung 7 an einer vorzugsweise wechselbaren Aufnahme 10 angeordnet sind. Die Aufhängung 7 und die Federung 6 sind dabei parallel beanstandet voneinander vorgesehen, was dazu führt, dass man mit Hilfe einer Einsteilvorrichtung 62 sowohl die Vorspannkraft der Feder 61 als auch den Anstellwinkel a der Siebelemente 41 verändern kann. Dies ist ein großer Vorteil, da man damit beispielsweise auf unterschiedliches zu zerkleinerndes Gut entsprechend reagieren, d.h. den Winkel und gegebenenfalls die Vorspannkraft einstellen kann. Als Feder 61 ist eine Druckfeder vorgesehen, die zumindest teilweise in einer Federhülse 63 angeordnet ist. Die Aufhängung 7 der Siebelemente 41 kann als kardanische Aufhängung ausgeführt sein. Die Schwenkvorrichtung 5 umfasst noch einen weiteren Hydraulikzylinder 9, der allerdings entgegengesetzt des Hydraulikzylinders 50 wirkt. Durch den Hydraulikzylinder 9 wird der Abstand des Grundkamms II zur Zerkleinerungswalze 1 auf Anschlag eingestellt. An dem Grundkamm II ist eine Zahnleiste 31 vorgesehen, an der die Gegenschneiden 3 einzeln oder als Baugruppe mit einer Vielzahl von Gegenschneiden 3 vorgesehen sind. Zwischen der Zahnleiste 31 und der als Kammzahn ausgebildeten Gegenschneide 3 ist noch eine Verschleißplatte 32 vorgesehen, die verhindert, dass bei einem Verschleiß der gesamte Grundkamm II ausgetauscht werden muss. Man tauscht dann nur die Verschleißplatte. Die Gegenschneiden 3 sind mittels einer Verriegelung 10, die vorzugsweise auch hydraulisch ausgebildet sein kann, an dem Grundkamm festgelegt.The Figures 1a and 1b show a side view and a three-dimensional representation of the basic comb II, provided with sieve elements 41, of the comminution device according to the prior art. The shredding roller 1 is arranged in a frame, not shown, as is the base comb II with the elements arranged thereon. The comb system according to the invention is indicated schematically with an arrow and the reference symbol I. This consists of a base comb II on which the counter-blades 3 and the sieve elements 41 of the sieving device 4 are arranged. The base comb II can be pivoted about an axis A. The pivoting movement is realized by a pivoting device 5, which is formed from a hydraulic cylinder 50 which is fastened in the device via a base comb axis 51 and a housing axis 52. The housing axis is provided on the frame, not shown, of the shredding device. The sieve elements 41 are attached to a suspension 7, which is part of the storage, on the base comb II. The resilient mounting is achieved by the suspension 6, which, like the suspension 7, are arranged on a preferably exchangeable receptacle 10. The suspension 7 and the suspension 6 are provided in parallel spaced apart from one another, which means that both the pretensioning force of the spring 61 and the pitch angle α of the sieve elements 41 can be changed with the aid of an adjusting device 62. This is a great advantage, as it can be used, for example, on different items to be shredded React well accordingly, ie adjust the angle and, if necessary, the preload force. A compression spring, which is at least partially arranged in a spring sleeve 63, is provided as the spring 61. The suspension 7 of the screen elements 41 can be designed as a cardanic suspension. The pivoting device 5 also comprises a further hydraulic cylinder 9, which, however, acts in the opposite direction to the hydraulic cylinder 50. The distance between the base comb II and the shredding roller 1 is set to the stop by the hydraulic cylinder 9. A toothed strip 31 is provided on the base comb II, on which the counter blades 3 are provided individually or as an assembly with a plurality of counter blades 3. A wear plate 32 is also provided between the toothed bar 31 and the counter-blade 3, which is designed as a comb tooth, which prevents the entire base comb II from having to be replaced in the event of wear. You then only exchange the wear plate. The counter blades 3 are fixed to the base comb by means of a lock 10, which can preferably also be designed hydraulically.

In den Figuren 2a und 2b ist die erfindungsgemäße Lösung gezeigt. Dabei wurde sich auf eine seitliche Darstellung eines Siebelementes 41 und der Federung 6 beschränkt. Die Federung 6 ist dabei schematisch mit einem Pfeil gekennzeichnet. Nach der Erfindung besteht die Federung 6 aus der Druckfeder 61. Diese ist als Spiralfeder ausgebildet. An den Stirnseiten weist die Druckfeder 61 Stirnscheiben 65 auf, die nicht näher gezeigte Befestigungsmöglichkeiten an ihren Enden aufweisen. Die Druckfeder 61 kann zumindest teilweise in einer Federhülse 63 angeordnet sein. Die Federung 6 weist eine Endlagenbegrenzung B auf. Auch diese ist lediglich schematisch mit einem Pfeil bezeichnet. Die bevorzugte Lösung nach der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Federung 6 aus wenigstens einer als Spiralfeder ausgebildeten Druckfeder 61 gebildet ist, in deren Kern wenigstens ein zylindrischer Körper 64 angeordnet ist. Nach der Darstellung in den Figuren 2a und 2b erstreckt sich der zylindrische Körper 64 nur über einen Teil des inneren Federwegs der Druckfeder 61. Diese konstruktive Lösung ist allerdings nicht als Einschränkung für die Erfindung zu verstehen. Vielmehr umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Lösung auch eine Variante, bei der der gesamte Federweg der Druckfeder von diesem zylindrischen Körper 64 ausgefüllt ist. Der zylindrische Körper 64 besteht aus einem elastischen Werkstoff, der eine progressive Druck-Weg- Kennlinie aufweist. Der zylindrische Körper 64 entspricht in seinem Außendurchmesser dem Innendurchmesser der Druckfeder 61. Die Aufhängung 7 ist nach der Erfindung konstruktiv etwas anders gelöst als im Stand der Technik. So ist sie rechtwinklig ausgeführt, wobei an einem Schenkel des rechten Winkels die Druckfeder 61 angeordnet ist und am anderen Schenkel ein Arretierungsstück 71, welches mittels eines Befestigungselementes 72 an der Aufhängung 7 befestigbar ist. Zumindest an der zum Arretierungsstück 71 weisenden Seite der Aufhängung 7 ist diese entweder gabelförmig oder als Winkelelement ausgeführt. Das Siebelement 41 ist an der zur Aufhängung 7 weisenden Seite von der "Gabel" des Arretierungsstück 71 umfasst oder zumindest einseitig von dem Winkel des Arretierungsstücks 71 befestigt. Seitlich an der Aufhängung 7 sind Flacheisenstücke 8 vorgesehen, die den nach hinten weisenden Schenkel des Siebelements 41 seitlich führen. Diese Flacheisenstücke 8 können seitlich an der Seite zum Schenkel des Siebelements 41 abgeschrägt sein, sodass sie eine seitliche Bewegung bis zu gewissen Grenzen zulassen. Damit lässt sich ein begrenztes, kardanisches Verhalten der Siebelemente 41 erreichen.In the Figures 2a and 2b the solution according to the invention is shown. It was limited to a lateral representation of a sieve element 41 and the suspension 6. The suspension 6 is indicated schematically with an arrow. According to the invention, the suspension 6 consists of the compression spring 61. This is designed as a spiral spring. On the end faces, the compression spring 61 has end disks 65, which have fastening options at their ends, which are not shown in detail. The compression spring 61 can be arranged at least partially in a spring sleeve 63. The suspension 6 has an end position limit B. This is also only indicated schematically with an arrow. The preferred solution according to the invention is characterized in that the suspension 6 is formed from at least one compression spring 61 designed as a spiral spring, in the core of which at least one cylindrical body 64 is arranged. According to the representation in the Figures 2a and 2b the cylindrical body 64 extends only over part of the inner spring travel of the compression spring 61. However, this structural solution is not to be understood as a restriction for the invention. Rather, the solution according to the invention also includes a variant in which the entire spring travel of the compression spring is filled by this cylindrical body 64. The cylindrical body 64 consists of an elastic material which has a progressive pressure-displacement characteristic. The outer diameter of the cylindrical body 64 corresponds to the inner diameter of the compression spring 61. The suspension 7 is structurally solved somewhat differently according to the invention than in the prior art. It is designed at right angles, with the compression spring 61 being arranged on one leg of the right angle and a locking piece 71 on the other leg, which can be fastened to the suspension 7 by means of a fastening element 72. At least on the side of the suspension 7 facing the locking piece 71, this is either fork-shaped or designed as an angle element. The sieve element 41 is encompassed by the “fork” of the locking piece 71 on the side facing the suspension 7 or is fastened at least on one side by the angle of the locking piece 71. On the side of the suspension 7 flat iron pieces 8 are provided, which guide the rearwardly facing leg of the sieve element 41 laterally. These flat iron pieces 8 can be bevelled laterally on the side of the leg of the sieve element 41, so that they allow lateral movement up to certain limits. A limited, cardanic behavior of the sieve elements 41 can thus be achieved.

Die Figuren 2c und 2d zeigen die zuvor beschriebene Lösung der Figuren 2a und 2b, hier allerdings einmal als Seitenansicht im Schnitt und zum anderen als dreidimensionale Darstellung. Insbesondere aus der dreidimensionalen Darstellung ist ersichtlich, dass das Arretierungsstück 71 sowohl als Gabel oder auch als Winkel ausgebildet sein kann. Bei der gabelförmigen Ausgestaltung wird das Siebelement 41 beidseitig umfasst, während es bei der winkelförmigen Ausgestaltung nur einseitig abgestützt wird. Ein Siebelement 41 ist an der Aufhängung 7 festgelegt, während 2 weitere Siebelemente durch die Öffnungen 73 noch montiert werden können. Die zuvor beschriebenen Flacheisenstücke 8 bilden eine zusätzliche, seitliche Führung für die Siebelemente 41. Als Befestigungsmittel 72 ist hier ein Bolzen vorgesehen, der mittels eines Splintes gesichert ist. Ein Aussteifungsblech 74 verstärkt die Aufhängung 7.The Figures 2c and 2d show the previously described solution of the Figures 2a and 2b , but here once as a sectional side view and as a three-dimensional representation. It can be seen in particular from the three-dimensional representation that the locking piece 71 can be designed both as a fork or as an angle. In the fork-shaped configuration, the sieve element 41 is encompassed on both sides, while in the angular configuration it is only supported on one side. A sieve element 41 is fixed to the suspension 7, while 2 further sieve elements can still be mounted through the openings 73. The flat iron pieces 8 described above form an additional, lateral guide for the sieve elements 41. A bolt is provided here as the fastening means 72, which is secured by means of a split pin. A stiffening plate 74 reinforces the suspension 7.

Die Erfindung wurde zuvor anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben. Die Erfindung ist darauf jedoch nicht beschränkt. Die jetzt und mit der Anmeldung später eingereichten Ansprüche sind Versuche zur Formulierung ohne Präjudiz für die Erzielung eines weitergehenden Schutzes.The invention has been described above on the basis of an exemplary embodiment. However, the invention is not limited to this. The claims filed now and later with the application are attempts at formulation without prejudice to achieve further protection.

Die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angeführten Rückbeziehungen weisen auf die weitere Ausbildung des Gegenstandes des Hauptanspruches durch die Merkmale des jeweiligen Unteranspruches hin. Jedoch sind diese nicht als ein Verzicht auf die Erzielung eines selbständigen, gegenständlichen Schutzes für die Merkmale der rückbezogenen Unteransprüche zu verstehen.The references given in the dependent claims indicate the further development of the subject matter of the main claim through the features of the respective subclaim. However, these are not considered a waiver to understand the achievement of an independent, objective protection for the features of the referenced subclaims.

Merkmale, die bislang nur in der Beschreibung offenbart wurden, können im Laufe des Verfahrens als von erfindungswesentlicher Bedeutung, zum Beispiel zur Abgrenzung vom Stand der Technik beansprucht werden.Features that have so far only been disclosed in the description can, in the course of the process, be claimed to be of essential importance to the invention, for example to distinguish them from the prior art.

Claims (15)

  1. Crushing device with a comb system (I), wherein the crushing device consists of at least one crushing roller (1) rotatably mounted in a machine frame with at least one crushing tool (2) arranged thereon, wherein the crushing device has at least one counter-blade (3) which cooperates with the crushing tool (2), the comb system (I) having at least one base comb (II) on which the at least one counter-blade (3) is arranged and on which at least one screening element (41) can be arranged as a component of a screening device (4), wherein the screening device (4) during the intended use at least partially encloses the crushing roller (1) and the screening element (41) is resiliently mounted on the base comb (II) by means of a suspension (6), wherein the suspension (6) is formed by at least one compression spring (61) which is in the form of a spiral spring,
    characterized in that
    in in its core at least one cylindrical body (64) made of an elastic material is arranged, and in that the cylindrical body (64) is in the form of an elastomeric spring element, of which the external diameter corresponds to the internal diameter and/or to the core diameter of the compression spring (61).
  2. Crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastomer with a progressive pressure-displacement characteristic is provided as the elastic material.
  3. Crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the cylindrical body (64) extends only over a portion of the internal spring distance or over the entire internal spring distance of the compression spring (61), in particular the cylindrical body (64) acts as an end position limit and/or end position buffer for the compression spring.
  4. Crushing device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an elastomer having a hardness of 60 to 120 Shore is provided as the material for the cylindrical body (64), preferably an elastomer material having the hardness ranking 90 Shore A is provided.
  5. Crushing device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cylindrical elastomer body has a central through-hole which serves as a further parameter for setting a specific suspension behavior.
  6. Crushing device according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a mounting (7) is provided as part of the bearing on the base comb (II), on which the screening element (41) is pivotably mounted, preferably pivotably in two different directions as a cardanic suspension, e.g. in horizontal and vertical orientation.
  7. Crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that a locking piece (71) is provided to secure the screening element (41), the locking piece (71) being attachable to the mounting (7) by means of a fastening element (72).
  8. Crushing device according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that flat iron pieces (8) are provided laterally on the mounting (7), which laterally guide the rear-pointing leg of the screening element (41).
  9. Crushing device according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the compression spring (61) has end plates (65) with fastening possibilities at the ends.
  10. Crushing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compression spring (61) is at least partially arranged in a spring sleeve (63).
  11. Crushing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a preferably exchangeable receptacle (10) is provided on the base comb (II), on which the mounting (7), the suspension (6) and the screening element (41) are exchangeably arranged.
  12. Crushing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension (6) comprises an adjusting device (62) by means of which the preloading force of the compression spring (61) and the angle of attack (α) of the screening element (41) can be set.
  13. Crushing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of screening elements (41) is arranged on the receptacle (10) and the screening elements (41) are provided together with the receptacle (10) as a common assembly which can be mounted and/or dismounted.
  14. Crushing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance of the screening element (41) from the crushing roller (1) is adjustable by means of a pivoting device (5) by means of which the base comb (II) can be pivoted about an axis (A).
  15. Crushing device according to any one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screening device (4) is designed in a basket-like manner and individual screening elements (41) form the basket, which comprises the crushing roller (1) in the lower region in the set-up direction, in particular that the position of the crushing roller (1) and the screening device (4) in the device is oriented substantially horizontally.
EP18725737.3A 2017-05-08 2018-05-07 Disintegrrating device comprising a comb system Active EP3621743B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18725737T PL3621743T3 (en) 2017-05-08 2018-05-07 Disintegrrating device comprising a comb system

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202017002387 2017-05-08
DE202018000803.6U DE202018000803U1 (en) 2017-05-08 2018-02-16 Crushing device with a comb system
PCT/EP2018/000240 WO2018206143A1 (en) 2017-05-08 2018-05-07 Disintegrrating device comprising a comb system

Publications (2)

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EP3621743A1 EP3621743A1 (en) 2020-03-18
EP3621743B1 true EP3621743B1 (en) 2021-03-03

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EP18725737.3A Active EP3621743B1 (en) 2017-05-08 2018-05-07 Disintegrrating device comprising a comb system

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US (1) US11110465B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3621743B1 (en)
JP (1) JP7344799B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102514282B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110573258B (en)
CA (1) CA3060116C (en)
DE (1) DE202018000803U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2872001T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3621743T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2018206143A1 (en)

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CN115194941B (en) * 2022-07-23 2023-09-22 北京中实上庄混凝土有限责任公司 Concrete anti-condensation stirring device

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US11110465B2 (en) 2021-09-07
US20200070177A1 (en) 2020-03-05
EP3621743A1 (en) 2020-03-18
DE202018000803U1 (en) 2018-08-09
CN110573258A (en) 2019-12-13
CA3060116C (en) 2022-02-22
CN110573258B (en) 2021-08-06
ES2872001T3 (en) 2021-11-02
WO2018206143A1 (en) 2018-11-15
JP2020518445A (en) 2020-06-25
JP7344799B2 (en) 2023-09-14
KR102514282B1 (en) 2023-03-27
KR20200006034A (en) 2020-01-17
CA3060116A1 (en) 2018-11-15
PL3621743T3 (en) 2021-09-13

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