EP3560789B1 - Schienenfahrzeug und verfahren zur steuerung davon - Google Patents

Schienenfahrzeug und verfahren zur steuerung davon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3560789B1
EP3560789B1 EP19170949.2A EP19170949A EP3560789B1 EP 3560789 B1 EP3560789 B1 EP 3560789B1 EP 19170949 A EP19170949 A EP 19170949A EP 3560789 B1 EP3560789 B1 EP 3560789B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
outdoor
conditioner
railway vehicle
heat generating
Prior art date
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EP19170949.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3560789A1 (de
Inventor
Tomoaki Taguchi
Daisuke Akimaru
Tomoo Hayashi
Takahisa Yamamoto
Kento Mochizuki
Takeo Takagi
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Hitachi Rail Ltd
Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Rail Ltd
Hitachi Ltd
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Publication of EP3560789A1 publication Critical patent/EP3560789A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D1/00—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a railway vehicle and a method of controlling the same.
  • a railroad vehicle such as a suburban train, which is mounted with a power collector on a roof, relatively has a margin in a vehicle gauge on the roof, and thus an air-conditioner for adjusting a temperature and humidity environment in the vehicle is mounted on the roof.
  • the air-conditioner conditions temperature and humidity of a mixture obtained by mixing air collected from the inside of the vehicle and outdoor air introduced from the outside of the vehicle, and prepares conditioned air, and then supplies the conditioned air to each part of a passenger compartment through a duct laid on a ceiling of the train in a longitudinal direction.
  • a main converter (a propulsion device) for arbitrarily controlling a voltage and a frequency of power to be supplied to a main motor provided on a truck is provided under a floor of the railroad vehicle.
  • the propulsion device includes a controller or the like with heat generation, and thus a cooling system for forcibly cooling the controller is installed in the propulsion device.
  • JP H08 253139 A proposes an air conditioner for railway rolling stock.
  • DE 2727449 A proposes a railway passenger coach air conditioning system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the railroad vehicle Since the railroad vehicle generally has a long product life cycle, it is desired to cut down a life cycle cost (LCC) thereof.
  • the LCC mainly includes a manufacturing cost for manufacturing the railroad vehicle, an operating cost related to an electrical charge and maintenance required for an operation, a maintenance cost necessary for inspecting or maintaining various devices, and a disposal cost necessary for putting the vehicle out of service. Since a ratio of the operating cost to the LCC is significantly large, efforts are made to reduce the operating cost to cut down the LCC by a reduction in power consumption through development of high-efficiency electrical equipment and a reduction in weight of a vehicle body, electrical equipment, and the like.
  • a vehicle gauge is also reduced according to the construction gauge, and thus it is sometimes impossible to mount the air-conditioner on a roof of the railroad vehicle.
  • the air-conditioner is often mounted under a floor of the railroad vehicle instead of on the roof.
  • a propulsion device for supplying power to a main motor provided in a truck, an auxiliary power unit for supplying power to a broadcasting facility, lights, etc., an air compressor, and a brake resistor are already provided under the floor of the railroad vehicle, the air-conditioner is forced to be mounted in a limited space under the floor of the railroad vehicle.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle capable of reducing a life cycle cost even when it is difficult to secure a mounting space of an underfloor device due to a small vehicle gauge, and a method of controlling the same.
  • a railway vehicle is provided according to claim 1.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a railway vehicle capable of reducing a life cycle cost even when it is difficult to secure a mounting space of an underfloor device due to a small vehicle gauge, and a method of controlling the same.
  • a rail (longitudinal) direction of a railway vehicle or a railroad vehicle is an X-direction
  • a sleeper (width) direction thereof is a Y-direction
  • a height direction is a Z-direction.
  • a "railway vehicle” is a vehicle that runs along a laid track, and includes a railroad vehicle, a monorail vehicle, a streetcar, a new transportation vehicle, and the like. As a representative of the railway vehicle, the railroad vehicle will be adopted, and the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a railroad vehicle equipped with an air-conditioner and a propulsion device under a floor.
  • This railroad vehicle 300 runs on a route that has a relatively small construction gauge and includes, for instance, a tunnel with a small cross section, and thus a vehicle gauge thereof is also small accordingly.
  • the railroad vehicle 300 includes: a propulsion device 110 that supplies power to a main motor installed on a truck; an air-conditioner 100 that adjusts temperature and humidity in a passenger compartment; an auxiliary power unit (not shown) that supplies power to a brake control device (not shown), an air compressor (not shown) for generating high-pressure air, a storage battery system for supplying power at the time of starting of the railroad vehicle 300 and in case of emergency, a lighting system, a broadcasting facility, and the like; etc. under the floor.
  • the railroad vehicle 300 includes the air-conditioner 100 and the propulsion device 110 adjacent to the air-conditioner 100 under the floor thereof in the X-direction.
  • the propulsion device 110 is a representative of a heat generating device with a heat generating section, and the heat generating device is not limited to the propulsion device.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a device mounting surface of the railroad vehicle having the air-conditioner and the propulsion device under the floor (a sectional view taken along line D-D of Fig. 1 ).
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an exterior of the air-conditioner, and
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a layout of devices installed in the air-conditioner.
  • the railroad vehicle 300 includes the air-conditioner 100 and the propulsion device 110 under the floor thereof in the X-direction.
  • the propulsion device 110 is a device that controls driving of the main motor 145 installed on the truck, and includes a controller (not shown) for controlling the propulsion device 110, a brake resistor 120, a filter reactor 130, and an inverter circuit 140 in a case thereof.
  • the air-conditioner 100 includes an outdoor blower chamber A, an outdoor unit chamber B, and an indoor unit chamber C that are partitioned in the X-direction.
  • the outdoor blower chamber A is disposed close to the propulsion device 110 at an end of the air-conditioner 100 in the X-direction, and the outdoor unit chamber B is provided to abut on the outdoor blower chamber A.
  • the air-conditioner 100 includes compressors 8, accumulators 9, and outdoor heat exchangers 4 in the outdoor unit chamber B, and includes an indoor heat exchanger 5, an expansion valve (not shown), indoor blowers 7, an electric heater 10, and drain pumps 12 in the indoor unit chamber C.
  • the accumulators 9, the compressors 8, the outdoor heat exchangers 4, the expansion valve (not shown), and indoor heat exchanger 5 are connected in turn, and simultaneously constitute a refrigeration cycle in which a refrigerant sealed therein circulates.
  • the air-conditioner 100 can select a cooling operation that discharges heat in the vehicle to lower the temperature in the vehicle by operating the compressors 8, the indoor blowers 7, and the outdoor blowers 6, a heating operation that supplies air heated by operating the electric heater 10 (see Fig. 4 ) and the indoor blowers 7 into the vehicle to raise the temperature in the vehicle, and a ventilating operation that operates only the indoor blowers 7 to circulate and ventilate the air in the vehicle.
  • the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the ventilating operation are controlled by an air-conditioning control unit 11 for controlling operation modes of the air-conditioner 100.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 monitors an outdoor air temperature, an in-vehicle temperature, an operating situation of the propulsion device 110, a boarding rate, etc., and performs a control operation of the air-conditioner 100 based on a flow chart (see Fig. 9 ) that shows an operating method to be described below, and a control management table (see Fig. 10 ).
  • the outdoor blower chamber A is a section in which the outdoor blowers 6 (for example, centrifugal fans having a shaft in the X-direction) for inducing air from the outdoor unit chamber B and then discharging the air toward the propulsion device 110 adjacent thereto in the X-direction is installed.
  • the outdoor blowers 6 for example, centrifugal fans having a shaft in the X-direction
  • the outdoor blowers 6 is fixed to either a partition wall 14 with which the outdoor blower chamber A and the outdoor unit chamber B are partitioned or a bottom plate of the outdoor blower chamber A.
  • An opening (not shown) through which the air guided from the outdoor unit chamber B to the outdoor blower chamber A passes is provided in the partition wall 14.
  • the propulsion device 110 is provided downstream in an airflow direction of the outdoor blowers 6. As described above, the propulsion device 110 includes the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, the inverter circuit 140, etc. therein.
  • the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, the inverter circuit 140 are parts that take on heat (emits heat) depending on an operation of the railroad vehicle 300 such as acceleration, stop, or the like of the railroad vehicle.
  • An opening 16 for discharging discharged air of the outdoor blowers 6 to the outside of the air-conditioner 100 is provided in an outer wall 15 with which the outdoor blower chamber A is partitioned (see Fig. 4 ).
  • the air-conditioner 100 and the propulsion device 110 communicate with each other via a duct 105, and the discharged air of the outdoor blowers 6 is provided for cooling of the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, the inverter circuit 140, etc. of the propulsion device 110.
  • the outer wall 15 of the air-conditioner 100 and a device outer wall of the propulsion device 110 on a side facing the air-conditioner 100 may be connected by a connecting wall 20 to define a chamber (a channel), and the discharged air of the outdoor blowers 6 may be guided to the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, and the inverter circuit 140 of the propulsion device 110, and may cool them.
  • the outdoor unit chamber B includes the compressors 8, the accumulators 9, the outdoor heat exchangers 4, and outdoor air inlets 3 (see Fig. 3 ), all of which constitute the refrigeration cycle.
  • Outdoor air introduced into the outdoor unit chamber B from the outdoor air inlets 3 (see Fig. 3 ) provided in both lateral surfaces of the railroad vehicle receives heat from the refrigerant, which absorbs the heat inside the railroad vehicle 300 at the indoor heat exchanger 5 and becomes a high temperature, in a process of passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 4 (cools the refrigerant), and is discharged to the outside of the air-conditioner 100 (to the propulsion device 110).
  • Filters 18 are provided upstream from airflows of the outdoor heat exchangers 4 in order to prevent contamination. The filters 18 are not shown in Fig. 2 .
  • the indoor unit chamber C includes the indoor heat exchanger 5, the electric heater 10, the indoor blowers 7, the air-conditioning control unit 11, the drain pumps 12, a contactor box 13, and so on.
  • the contactor box 13 stores contactors that turn on/off the compressors 8, the outdoor blowers 6, the electric heater 10, and so on.
  • the contactor box 13 may be disposed outside the indoor unit chamber C.
  • the contactors that turn on/off high-voltage devices such as the compressors 8, the outdoor blowers 6, the electric heater 10, etc.
  • contactor box 13a provided at one end of the indoor unit chamber C in the Y-direction
  • contactors that turn on/off high-voltage devices such as a damper (not shown) installed on the channel provided on the vehicle body, the indoor blowers 7, etc.
  • a contactor box 13b provided at the other end of the indoor unit chamber C in the Y-direction.
  • return air refluxed from the passenger compartment of the railroad vehicle 300 to the indoor unit chamber C (the air-conditioner 100) and fresh outdoor air from the outside of the vehicle are taken from return air inlets 2 of an indoor unit chamber top cover C1 as indicated by arrows 210.
  • the air taken into the indoor unit chamber C becomes conditioned air in which temperature and humidity are condition in a process of flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 5 (in the case of the cooling operation) or the electric heater 10 (in the case of the heating operation) .
  • the generated conditioned air is supplied from conditioned air outlets 1 of the indoor unit chamber top cover C1 to the inside of the railroad vehicle 300 by the indoor blowers 7 provided in the indoor unit chamber C, as indicated by arrows 220.
  • the drain pumps 12 (see Fig. 2 ) that discharge a condensate into which moisture in the air is condensed in a process in which the return air and the fresh outdoor air from the outside of the vehicle flow through the indoor heat exchanger 5 provided in the indoor unit chamber is provided in the indoor unit chamber C.
  • the outdoor unit chamber B is arranged in parallel to the outdoor blower chamber A arranged at an end of the air-conditioner 100 in the X-direction. Thereby, as indicated by arrows 200 of Fig. 3 , a flow direction of outdoor air, which is introduced from the outdoor air inlets 3 into the outdoor unit chamber B and flows in the Y-direction, is changed into the X-direction, so that cooling air can be supplied to the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, and the inverter circuit 140 that are mounted in the propulsion device 110 disposed adjacent to the air-conditioner 100.
  • the outdoor air inlets 3 are provided at both sides of the outdoor unit chamber B in the Y-direction.
  • the outdoor air inlets 3 are provided at an lower side (a rail side) or an upper side (a passenger compartment side) of the outdoor unit chamber B, so that the outdoor air can also be introduced from a gap between the lower side of the outdoor unit chamber B or the passenger compartment of the upper side thereof and the air-conditioner 100.
  • the discharged air of the air-conditioner 100 since the discharged air of the air-conditioner 100 is used, it is unnecessary for the propulsion device 110 or the like to provide a cooling system (forced air cooling unit), a reduction in size and weight of the propulsion device 110 can be realized, and thus a reduction in weight of the railroad vehicle in which the propulsion device 110 is mounted can also be promoted. For this reason, even when it is difficult to secure a mounting space of an underfloor device having a small vehicle gauge, a railroad vehicle capable of reducing a life cycle cost can be provided.
  • a cooling system forced air cooling unit
  • the outdoor blower chamber A and the outdoor unit chamber B are covered with one common top cover AB1.
  • the top cover AB1 has the outdoor air inlets 3, which introduces the outdoor air into the outdoor heat exchangers 4, at both ends thereof in the Y-direction.
  • the outdoor air introduced from the outdoor air inlets 3 flows through the filters 18 and the outdoor heat exchangers 4 along the arrows 200, is then discharged from openings 16 provided in the outer wall 15 to the outside of the air-conditioner 100 (to the vicinity of the propulsion device 110) by the outdoor blowers 6, and cools the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, and the inverter circuit 140 that are mounted in the propulsion device 110 (see Figs. 2 and 4 ) .
  • the indoor unit chamber top cover C1 has the conditioned air outlets 1 and the return air inlets 2, both are adjacent to each other along the X-direction, at both ends thereof in the Y-direction.
  • the return air (including the fresh outdoor air) introduced from the passenger compartment of the railroad vehicle 300 into the air-conditioner 100 is taken into the indoor unit chamber C along paths indicated by the arrows 210, and flows through the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the electric heater 10.
  • the conditioned air whose temperature and humidity are conditioned is supplied to the railroad vehicle 300 by the indoor blowers 7 along the paths indicated by the arrows 220.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a floor board of the air-conditioner 100.
  • the outdoor unit chamber B includes opening/closing mechanisms 21 whose opening/closing is controlled by the air-conditioning control unit 11 at a middle side (a downstream side of the cooling air) in the Y-direction from the outdoor heat exchangers 4 of the floor board thereof.
  • the opening/closing of the opening/closing mechanisms 21 is controlled such that the opening/closing mechanisms are closed during the cooling operation of the air-conditioner 100, and are opened during the heating operation or the ventilating operation of the air-conditioner 100.
  • the outdoor air flows through the outdoor heat exchangers 4 along the paths indicated by the arrows 200 (see Figs. 3 and 4 ), and is then ejected toward the propulsion device 110 (the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, the inverter circuit 140, etc.) via the outdoor blowers 6.
  • the opening/closing mechanisms 21 are opened during the heating operation (or the ventilating operation) of the air-conditioner 100, air that bypasses the outdoor heat exchangers 4 and flows from the opening/closing mechanisms 21 into the indoor unit chamber C is suctioned to the outdoor blowers 6, and is ejected toward the propulsion device 110 (the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, the inverter circuit 140, etc.).
  • the outdoor blowers 6 should be operated to cause the outdoor air to flow through the outdoor heat exchangers 4 such that the outdoor air removes the in-vehicle heat absorbed by the refrigerant inside the refrigeration cycle.
  • the outdoor heat exchangers 4 are contaminated by the dust, and thus periodical cleaning of the filters 18 and the outdoor heat exchangers 4 is thought to be desirable.
  • the air-conditioner 100 includes the opening/closing mechanisms 21, which can be opened/closed during the cooling operation or the heating operation and the ventilating operation of the air-conditioner 100, downstream from the outdoor heat exchangers of the outdoor unit chamber B (for example, as illustrated in Fig. 5 , at a bottom plate thereof downstream from the outdoor heat exchangers 4).
  • the opening/closing mechanisms 21 are provided, and thereby an amount of the outdoor air passing through filters 18 and the outdoor heat exchangers 4 can be reduced when the heating operation or the ventilating operation is selected, so that the contamination of the filters 18 and the outdoor heat exchangers 4 caused by the dust or the like included in the outdoor air can be prevented.
  • the air-conditioner 100 capable of prolonging cleaning cycles of the filters 18 and the outdoor heat exchangers 4 and reducing a maintenance cost (a part of LCC) can be provided.
  • a unit for opening/closing the opening/closing mechanisms may be, for instance, an opening/closing device (a shutter) having an actuator operated by a pneumatic pressure or the like, or a lid that can be simply attached/detached by a bolt.
  • an opening/closing device a shutter
  • a lid that can be simply attached/detached by a bolt.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view illustrating a layout of devices provided inside the propulsion device 110 (a sectional view taken along line D-D of Fig. 1 ), and Fig. 7 is a schematic side view illustrating a layout of devices provided inside the propulsion device.
  • cooling air is fed to the propulsion device 110 via the duct 105 coupled with the air-conditioner 100 or the chamber constituted by the connecting wall 20 as indicated by arrows 200.
  • the propulsion device 110 has the inverter circuit 140, the filter reactor 130, and the brake resistor 120 provided on a path of cooling air 200 from upstream in that order, and the cooling air 200 is exhausted from an exhaust port 150 provided in a floor board of a lower side of the propulsion device 110 to the outside of the case of the propulsion device 110.
  • the cooling air 200 taken into the case of the propulsion device 110 passes between fins of an inverter cooling fin 141 provided above the inverter circuit 140 first, passes through a gap between an iron core and a coil of the filter reactor 130 made up of the iron core and the coil, passes between heat generating resistors constituting the brake resistor 120, and takes heat from each heat generating device. Then, the cooling air 200 is exhausted from the exhaust port 150 to the outside of the case of the propulsion device 110.
  • Fig. 8 is a view illustrating a configuration on an electric circuit for the devices provided inside the propulsion device 110.
  • the inverter circuit 140 is a device that converts direct current power obtained from a direct current outside the railroad vehicle 300 into alternating current power and drives the main motor 145.
  • the filter reactor 130 is a device that is mainly made up of an iron core and a coil, is connected between the inverter circuit 140 and a direct current power supply 160, and removes noises included in power obtained from the direct current power supply 160.
  • the brake resistor 120 is a device that is mainly made up of heat generating resistors, is connected to the inverter circuit 140 by a switch circuit 121 when the railroad vehicle puts a brake, and consumes direct current power, which the inverter circuit 140 outputs through regeneration, at the heat generating resistors.
  • Fig. 9 is a flow chart illustrating an operation of the air-conditioning control unit 11 for controlling the air-conditioner.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 receives information such as an operating situation of the propulsion device 110, an outdoor air temperature, an in-vehicle temperature, a boarding rate, and so on, and performs operation determination of the outdoor blowers 6, and selection of an operation mode for each of the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the ventilating operation based on these pieces of information.
  • step 500 energization from a third rail (or an overhead line) to the railroad vehicle 300 staying in a voltage unapplied state is started.
  • step 501 the air-conditioning control unit 11 determines whether or not the propulsion device 110 is operated. When the air-conditioning control unit 11 detects that "the propulsion device 110 is operated,” the flow proceeds to step 502. When the air-conditioning control unit 11 detects that "the propulsion device 110 is not operated,” the flow proceeds to step 503.
  • step 502 the air-conditioning control unit 11 determines whether or not the cooling operation of the air-conditioner 100 is needed based on information such as an outdoor air temperature, an in-vehicle temperature, a boarding rate, and so on. When it is determined that the cooling operation is needed, the air-conditioning control unit 11 operates the outdoor blowers 6, the compressors 8, and the indoor blowers 7 to perform the cooling operation in step 504.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 closes the opening/closing mechanisms 21 in step 505. For this reason, outdoor air induced by the outdoor blowers 6 discharges in-vehicle heat accumulated by a refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle to the outside of the vehicle in a process of passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 4. Afterward, the flow transfers to step 518.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 determines whether or not the heating operation of the air-conditioner 100 is needed based on the information such as the outdoor air temperature, the in-vehicle temperature, the boarding rate, and so on in step 506. When it is determined that the heating operation is needed, the air-conditioning control unit 11 performs the heating operation using the outdoor blowers 6, the indoor blowers 7, and the electric heater 10 in step 507.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 opens the opening/closing mechanisms 21 in step 508. For this reason, a part of the outdoor air induced by the outdoor blowers 6 does not pass through the filters 18 and the outdoor heat exchangers 4, and outdoor air flowing from the opened opening/closing mechanisms 21 into the outdoor unit chamber B is offered for cooling of the propulsion device 110 via the outdoor blower chamber A.
  • step 508 Since an amount of the outdoor air passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 4 can be reduced by performing step 508, the air-conditioner 100 capable of preventing contamination of the outdoor heat exchangers 4 caused by dust and contaminants included in the outdoor air and reducing a maintenance cost (a part of LLC) can be provided. Afterward, the flow transfers to step 518.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 further operates the outdoor blowers 6 and the indoor blowers 7 to perform the ventilating operation on the air-conditioner 100 in step 509. In this way, when the ventilating operation is performed, the air-conditioning control unit 11 opens the opening/closing mechanisms 21 in step 510.
  • step 510 Since an amount of the outdoor air passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 4 can be reduced by performing step 510, contamination of the outdoor heat exchangers 4 (the filters 18) caused by dust and contaminants included in the outdoor air can be prevented, and a maintenance cost (a part of LLC) can be reduced. Afterward, the flow transfers to step 518.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 determines whether or not the cooling operation of the air-conditioner 100 is needed based on information such as an outdoor air temperature, an in-vehicle temperature, and a boarding rate. When it is determined that the cooling operation of the air-conditioner 100 is needed, the air-conditioning control unit 11 further operates the outdoor blowers 6, the compressors 8, and the indoor blowers 7 to perform the cooling operation in step 511.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 closes the opening/closing mechanisms 21 in step 512. For this reason, outdoor air induced by the outdoor blowers 6 discharges in-vehicle heat accumulated by a refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle to the outside of the vehicle in a process of passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 4. Afterward, the flow transfers to step 518.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 determines whether or not the heating operation of the air-conditioner 100 is needed based on the information such as the outdoor air temperature, the in-vehicle temperature, and the boarding rate in step 513.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 When it is determined that the heating operation is needed, the air-conditioning control unit 11 operates the indoor blowers 7 and the electric heater 10 to perform the heating operation in step 514.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 opens the opening/closing mechanisms 21 in step 515. For this reason, a part of the outdoor air induced by the outdoor blowers 6 does not pass through the filters 18 and the outdoor heat exchangers 4, and outdoor air flowing from the opened opening/closing mechanisms 21 into the outdoor unit chamber B is offered for cooling of the propulsion device 110 via the outdoor blower chamber A.
  • the air-conditioner 100 capable of preventing contamination of the outdoor heat exchangers 4 caused by dust and contaminants included in the outdoor air and reducing a maintenance cost (a part of LLC) can be provided. Afterward, the flow transfers to step 518.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 operates the indoor blowers 7 to perform the ventilating operation on the air-conditioner 100 in step 516. In this way, when the ventilating operation is performed, the air-conditioning control unit 11 opens the opening/closing mechanisms 21 in step 517.
  • step 517 Since an amount of the outdoor air passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 4 can be reduced by performing step 517, contamination of the outdoor heat exchangers 4 (the filters 18) caused by dust and contaminants included in the outdoor air can be prevented, and a maintenance cost can be reduced. Afterward, the flow transfers to step 518.
  • step 518 the air-conditioning control unit 11 determines whether or not operation continuation of the air-conditioner is needed based on an instruction or the like from a cab.
  • the operation of the air-conditioner is terminated, and the control of the air-conditioner based on the flow chart is terminated.
  • the flow returns to step 501, and the same processes are performed.
  • Fig. 10 is a view illustrating a control management table of the devices of the air-conditioning control unit 100 which are switched by the air-conditioning control unit 11.
  • the controls of the devices performed in steps 504, 505, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 514, 515, 516 and 517 are switched depending on an operated state of the propulsion device and a state of being the operation mode of the air-conditioner according to the control management table illustrated in Fig. 10 .
  • steps 505, 508, 510, 512, 515 and 517 are applied to the case in which the device capable of opening/closing the opening/closing mechanisms 21 made up of an actuator operated, for instance, with pressure air is provided.
  • the opening/closing mechanisms 21 may be made up of mechanical fastening units (bolts or the like) and a lid.
  • the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the ventilating operation are predetermined for each period, and a worker preferably mounts the lid just before a cooling operation season and closes the opening/closing mechanisms 21 throughout the season, whereas a worker preferably demounts the lid just before a heating operation and a ventilating operation season and opens the opening/closing mechanisms 21 throughout the season.
  • steps 505, 508, 510, 512, 515 and 517 can be omitted.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 performs the steps (S504, S507, S509 and S511) of operating the outdoor blowers 6 depending on the operated state of the propulsion device 110 and the state of being the operation mode (the cooling operation, the heating operation, or the ventilating operation) of the air-conditioner 100.
  • the air-conditioner 100 performs the heating operation and the ventilating operation that are the operation modes other than the cooling operation, the propulsion device 110 that is in an operated state can be cooled.
  • the outdoor blowers 6 can be operated to discharge the in-vehicle heat when the cooling operation is performed.
  • the air-conditioning control unit 11 performs the steps (S504, S507, S509 and S511) of operating the outdoor blowers 6 depending on the operated state of the propulsion device 110 and the state of being the operation mode (the cooling operation, the heating operation, or the ventilating operation) of the air-conditioner 100.
  • the operation of the outdoor blowers 6 can be stopped.
  • the outdoor blowers 6 are prevented from being operated more than needs and reduce a power consumption, noises associated with the operation of the outdoor blowers 6 are reduced, and a maintenance period thereof is prolonged, so that a life cycle cost can be reduced.
  • the propulsion device 110 can be cooled as needed using the outdoor blowers 6 provided on the air-conditioner 100 due to the aforementioned control flow (see Fig. 9 ), there is no need to install a cooling unit on the propulsion device 110 itself, or a small cooling unit may be installed. Thereby, it is possible to cope with the railroad vehicle in which it is difficult to secure a mounting space of an underfloor device having a small vehicle gauge, and to further reduce the life cycle cost.
  • Temperature sensors for acquiring temperatures of the devices (the brake resistor 120, the filter reactor 130, the inverter circuit 140, etc.) in the case of the propulsion device 110 are provided on the propulsion device 110, and the propulsion device 110 provides a function of notifying information on the temperatures to the air-conditioning control unit 11. Thereby, it is possible to add functions to be described below.
  • the number of blowers to be operated can be determined from the plurality of outdoor blowers 6 based on the temperature information of the devices in the case of the propulsion device 110. For example, when the air-conditioner includes two outdoor blowers 6, the two outdoor blowers 6 are operated when the temperature is higher than a threshold, and one of the two outdoor blowers 6 is operated when the temperature is equal to or lower than the threshold.
  • blast volumes (rotational frequencies of fans) of the outdoor blowers 6 can be selected based on the temperature information of the devices in the case of the propulsion device 110 when the outdoor blowers are operated. For example, the fans of the outdoor blowers 6 are operated at a high rotational frequency when the temperature is higher than a threshold, and the fans of the outdoor blowers 6 are operated at a low rotational frequency when the temperature is equal to or lower than the threshold.
  • cooling performance caused by the outdoor blowers 6 can be more minutely adjusted depending on the temperature of the propulsion device.
  • the power consumption caused by the outdoor blowers 6 can be reduced, and the noises associated with the operation of the outdoor blowers 6 can be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Schienenfahrzeug (300), das Folgendes umfasst:
    eine Klimaanlage (100), die ausgelegt ist, um klimatisierte Luft zu erzeugen, die einem Fahrgastabteil des Schienenfahrzeugs (300) zugeführt wird; und
    eine Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110), die benachbart zu der Klimaanlage angeordnet ist und einen Wärmeerzeugungsabschnitt
    umfasst,
    wobei die Klimaanlage (100) und die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) unter einem Boden in Längsrichtung (X) des Schienenfahrzeugs (300) bereitgestellt sind, wobei
    die Klimaanlage (100) eine Strömungsrichtung der Außenluft, die aus einer aus einer Breitenrichtung (Y), einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite des Schienenfahrzeugs (300) eingesaugt wird, ändert, um die Außenluft in die Längsrichtung (X) des Schienenfahrzeugs auszustoßen, und die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) kühlt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    die Klimaanlage (100) in Längsrichtung (X) des Schienenfahrzeugs (300) Folgendes umfasst:
    eine Außengebläsekammer (A), in der ein Außengebläse (6) zum Belüften eines Außenwärmetauschers (4) installiert ist und die an einer zur Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) benachbarten Position bereitgestellt ist, und
    eine Außeneinheitskammer (B), die an der Außengebläsekammer (A) anliegt und den Außenwärmetauscher (4) umfasst, und
    in einem Vorgang, bei dem eine Strömungsrichtung von Außenluft (200) gelenkt wird, die in die Außeneinheitskammer (B) eingesaugt wird und in Breitenrichtung (Y) oder vertikaler Richtung (Z) des Schienenfahrzeugs (300) zu der Außengebläsekammer (A) strömt, die Strömungsrichtung in eine Richtung entlang der Längsrichtung (X) des Schienenfahrzeugs geändert wird.
  2. Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1, das außerdem Folgendes umfasst:
    einen Kanal, der durch eine Verbindungswand (20) gebildet ist, die eine Außenwand (15), die die Außengebläsekammer (A) bildet und in Breitenrichtung (Y) des Schienenfahrzeugs (300) bereitgestellt ist, und eine Vorrichtungsaußenwand der Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) auf einer der Klimaanlage (100) zugewandten Seite verbindet.
  3. Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Außengebläsekammer (A) einen Öffnungs-/Schließmechanismus (21) umfasst, bei dem das Öffnen/Schließen abhängig vom Betriebsmodus der Klimaanlage (100) gesteuert wird.
  4. Schienenfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) eine Antriebsvorrichtung ist, die eine Wechselrichterschaltung (140) zum Zuführen von Leistung zu einem Motor (145) umfasst, der das Schienenfahrzeug (300) antreibt.
  5. Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 4, wobei
    die Antriebsvorrichtung (110) außerdem einen Bremswiderstand (120) und einen Filterinduktor (130) umfasst, die mit der Wechselrichterschaltung (140) elektrisch verbunden sind, und
    die Wechselrichterschaltung (140), der Filterinduktor (130) und der Bremswiderstand (120) auf einem Kanal von Außenluft angeordnet sind, die von der Klimaanlage (100) zugeführt wird, um von der Außenluft gekühlt zu werden.
  6. Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei die Antriebsvorrichtung (110) mit einer Abführöffnung (150) an einer Unterseite der Antriebsvorrichtung bereitgestellt ist, wobei die Abführöffnung von der Klimaanlage (100) zugeführte Außenluft in den Bereich außerhalb eines Gehäuses der Antriebsvorrichtung ausstößt.
  7. Schienenfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Klimaanlage (100) eine Klimaanlagen-Steuereinheit (11) umfasst, die einen Betriebsmodus der Klimaanlage (100) aus einer Vielzahl von Betriebsmodi, einschließlich eines Kühlmodus, eines Heizmodus und eines Belüftungsmodus, auswählt, und die Klimaanlagen-Steuereinheit (11) das Außengebläse (6) abhängig von einem Betriebszustand der Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) und des Betriebsmodus der Klimaanlage (100) steuert.
  8. Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 7, wobei die Klimaanlagen-Steuereinheit (11) das Außengebläse (6) betreibt, wenn sich die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) in einem Betriebszustand befindet oder wenn die Klimaanlage (100) den Kühlbetrieb ausführt, und das Außengebläse stoppt, wenn die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung nicht betrieben wird und wenn die Klimaanlage den Heizbetrieb oder den Belüftungsbetrieb ausführt.
  9. Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, wobei die Klimaanlage (100) einen Öffnungs-/Schließmechanismus (21) umfasst, der an einer Außenwand (15) der Klimaanlage (100) bereitgestellt ist und in der Lage ist, einen Öffnungs-/Schließbetrieb auszuführen, und
    die Klimaanlagen-Steuereinheit (11) den Öffnungs-/Schließmechanismus (21) schließt, wenn die Klimaanlage (100) den Kühlbetrieb ausführt, und den Öffnungs-/Schließmechanismus öffnet, wenn die Klimaanlage den Heizbetrieb oder den Belüftungsbetrieb ausführt.
  10. Schienenfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, wobei die Klimaanlage (100) eine Vielzahl der Außengebläse (6) umfasst; und
    die Klimaanlagen-Steuereinheit (11) einen Teil der Außengebläse (6) stoppt, wenn sich die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) in einem Betriebszustand befindet und wenn die Temperatur der Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung unter einem vorbestimmten Wert liegt.
  11. Schienenfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, wobei
    die Klimaanlagen-Steuervorrichtung (11) das Außengebläse (6) mit einem Blasvolumen eines ersten Blasvolumens betreibt, wenn sich die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) in einem Betriebszustand befindet und wenn die Temperatur der Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung über einem vorbestimmten Wert liegt; und
    die Klimaanlagen-Steuereinheit (11) das Außengebläse (6) mit dem Blasvolumen eines zweiten Blasvolumens betreibt, das kleiner als das erste Blasvolumen ist, wenn sich die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) in einem Betriebszustand befindet und wenn die Temperatur der Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung unter einem vorbestimmten Wert liegt.
  12. Verfahren zum Steuern eines Schienenfahrzeugs nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei das Verfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    einen ersten Schritt des Bestimmens, ob die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) in Betrieb ist; und
    einen zweiten Schritt des Betreibens des Außengebläses (6) der Klimaanlage (100), wenn in dem ersten Schritt bestimmt wird, dass die Wärmeerzeugungsvorrichtung (110) in Betrieb ist.
  13. Verfahren zum Steuern eines Schienenfahrzeugs nach Anspruch 12 in Abhängigkeit von Anspruch 3 oder Anspruch 9, das außerdem Folgendes umfasst:
    einen dritten Schritt des Bestimmens eines Betriebsmodus der Klimaanlage (100) nach dem zweiten Schritt; und
    einen vierten Schritt des Schließens des Öffnungs-/Schließmechanismus (21), wenn in dem dritten Schritt bestimmt wird, dass der Betriebsmodus ein Kühlbetrieb ist.
EP19170949.2A 2018-04-26 2019-04-24 Schienenfahrzeug und verfahren zur steuerung davon Active EP3560789B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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GB1806860.1A GB2573151B (en) 2018-04-26 2018-04-26 Railway vehicle cooling system and method using air-conditioner air flow

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JP7072675B2 (ja) * 2018-12-26 2022-05-20 株式会社日立製作所 鉄道車両用の電力変換装置
CN109760705B (zh) * 2019-03-01 2024-03-19 中铁轨道交通装备有限公司 一种跨座式单轨车风道***
WO2022013937A1 (ja) * 2020-07-14 2022-01-20 株式会社日立製作所 鉄道車両

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IT1071428B (it) * 1976-09-01 1985-04-10 Wabco Westinghouse Spa Sistema di climatizzazione per veicoli ferroviari
JPH04300771A (ja) * 1991-03-27 1992-10-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 車両用空気調和装置
JP2006015778A (ja) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-19 Hitachi Ltd 鉄道車両用空調装置
JP4478556B2 (ja) * 2004-12-02 2010-06-09 日本車輌製造株式会社 鉄道車両用空調システム
DE102009035285A1 (de) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fahrzeug mit einer Kühlanlage zur Kühlung einer zu entwärmenden Komponente und einer Klimaanlage
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EP3560789A1 (de) 2019-10-30
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GB2573151B (en) 2020-04-29
JP2019189211A (ja) 2019-10-31
GB201806860D0 (en) 2018-06-13

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