EP3465849B1 - Zündkerze für eine hochfrequenz-zündanlage - Google Patents

Zündkerze für eine hochfrequenz-zündanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3465849B1
EP3465849B1 EP17721523.3A EP17721523A EP3465849B1 EP 3465849 B1 EP3465849 B1 EP 3465849B1 EP 17721523 A EP17721523 A EP 17721523A EP 3465849 B1 EP3465849 B1 EP 3465849B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
spark plug
insulator
ground electrode
additional
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17721523.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3465849A1 (de
Inventor
Martin Fuchs
Michael Wollitzer
Gunnar Armbrecht
Peter Awakowicz
Thomas Musch
Sven GRÖGER
Andre Bergner
Gordon NOTZON
Marcel VAN DELDEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3465849A1 publication Critical patent/EP3465849A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3465849B1 publication Critical patent/EP3465849B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/22—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having two or more electrodes embedded in insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/462—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in series connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine, in particular with a high-frequency ignition system, with a center electrode, a ground electrode and an electrical insulator arranged between the center and ground electrodes.
  • the spark plug also has an additional electrode.
  • spark plugs In internal combustion engines, spark plugs have the task of igniting a fuel or air / fuel mixture located in a combustion chamber by means of sparks jumping between the spark plug electrodes. To do this, the ignition voltage must be introduced into the combustion chamber in a well-insulated manner.
  • Known spark plugs 10, as exemplified in Fig. 1 shown and for example from the DE 198 43 712 A1 are conventionally known to have a metallic, tubular housing 12, which comprises a ground electrode 16 at its ignition-side end 14 and an insulating body 18 sealed with its inner bore.
  • the tubular housing 12 carries actuating means, for example in the form of an external hexagon 20 and an external thread 22, with which the spark plug 10 is fixed in a sealing hole in an engine block.
  • the insulating body 18 is usually sealed off from the metallic housing 12 at several points and has a longitudinal bore into which a connecting bolt 24 projects for an ignition cable to be fixed thereon or for an ignition coil (not shown) to be fastened directly on the connection side 26.
  • a center electrode 28 is arranged in the insulating body bore, which extends in the longitudinal direction through the insulating body 18 and is separated from the ground electrode 16 by a spark gap.
  • the center electrode 28 is often made of an electrically conductive sintered material due to the improved erosion resistance.
  • the insulating body 18 is usually made of ceramic.
  • Inner Seals 30 with talc ring seal the insulating body 18 against the housing 12.
  • An outer sealing ring 32 seals a seat of the spark plug in the assembled state.
  • An interference suppressor 34 is also arranged in the course of the center electrode 28.
  • the insulating body 18 is equipped on its outer circumference with a leakage current barrier 36.
  • a spark plug which has a center electrode and two ground electrodes, a ground electrode with the center electrode defining a radial spark gap and the other ground electrode defining an axial spark gap with the center electrode.
  • a corresponding high-frequency plasma ignition device comprises a series resonant circuit with an inductance and a capacitance as well as a high-frequency source for the resonant excitation of this series resonant circuit.
  • the capacitance is represented by inner and outer conductor electrodes with a dielectric in between. The extreme ends of these electrodes extend into the combustion chamber at a predetermined mutual distance.
  • a method for ignition in which a discharge plasma is generated by means of a DC voltage pulse, which is then ionized by means of an HF field.
  • the DC voltage pulse and an output signal of an HF generator are fed together to a spark electrode of a spark plug.
  • a counter electrode of the spark plug is grounded.
  • the spark plug is a coaxial structure and essentially consists of a central electrode surrounded by an insulator and an outer electrode which is connected to the spark plug housing.
  • the ignition coil supplies the spark plug with a high voltage pulse. A spark is created between the electrodes that initiates combustion.
  • An alternative method in which, in addition to the high voltage applied to the ignition coil, a high-frequency voltage is applied to the spark plug in order to extend the spark burning duration DE 10 2013 215 663 A1 described.
  • the GB 670 979 A discloses a spark plug with a center electrode, a ground electrode and an electrical insulator which is arranged between the center electrode and the ground electrode. Furthermore, the spark plug has an additional electrode which is arranged on the spark plug in an electrically insulated manner from the center electrode and the ground electrode. The center electrode, the ground electrode and the additional electrode protrude beyond the electrical insulator at an axial end of the spark plug. The additional electrode end is arranged between the center electrode end and the ground electrode end.
  • the DE 25 54 517 A1 describes a spark plug with a center electrode, a ground electrode and at least one auxiliary electrode.
  • the at least one auxiliary electrode is connected via an element with high impedance to a pole of the electrical voltage source for the center and ground electrodes.
  • the EP 0 464 353 A1 discloses a spark plug with a center electrode, a ground electrode and an intermediate electrode.
  • the intermediate electrode is arranged in an electrically insulated manner and in each case forms at least one electrode gap both with the central electrode and with the ground electrode.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a spark plug in terms of ignition safety and function.
  • the spark plug provides that there is at least one additional electrode, which is arranged on the spark plug in an electrically insulated manner from the ground electrode and the center electrode and projects beyond the insulator at the axial end of the insulator and forms an additional electrode end with a part axially projecting beyond the insulator , wherein the additional electrode end protrudes into the axial region of the gap between the center electrode end and the ground electrode end or into a region of the gap radially adjacent to the axial region of the gap.
  • the additional electrode divides the axial region of the gap between the center electrode end and the ground electrode end or the region of the gap radially adjacent to the axial region of the gap into two ignition spark gaps.
  • the additional electrode is arranged radially inside the insulator and extends there essentially parallel to and radially spaced from the ground electrode, an additional electrode connection point for electrically connecting the additional electrode to an ignition system being provided on the insulator.
  • the ground electrode is designed as a metal housing which surrounds the insulator in a predetermined axial section, and a thread is provided on an axial end of the metal housing facing the ground electrode end is arranged.
  • a seal between a space into which the electrode ends protrude and an environment are achieved by arranging at least one inner seal between the metal housing and the insulator and at least one outer seal, in particular a sealing ring, on the metal housing.
  • a particularly compact construction of the spark plug is achieved in that the first spark gap extends along a longitudinal axis of the central electrode in the axial direction.
  • a double air spark plug with improved ignition properties is achieved in that the center electrode end and the additional electrode end are arranged and designed in such a way that a second spark gap is formed between them in the axial direction at a distance from the insulator, the second spark gap extends along a longitudinal axis of the center electrode in the axial direction and the first and second spark gap are arranged in alignment with one another in the axial direction.
  • the spark gap (156, 166) being at least 0.2 mm long.
  • the additional electrode end being designed as a closed loop, which begins at the additional electrode and re-enters the insulator and extends there as a further additional electrode in parallel and at a constant distance from the ground electrode and radially inside the insulator, the further additional electrode is electrically connected to the additional electrode connection point.
  • a particularly simple and inexpensive manufacture of the spark plug is achieved in that the additional electrode end is L-shaped and has a free end.
  • ground electrode end is L-shaped and has a free end.
  • the first preferred embodiment of a spark plug 100 comprises a center electrode 128 and a ground electrode 112 in the form of a metal housing, which encloses an insulating body 118 over a predetermined axial section and has an external thread 122 at an ignition-side end 114 and a center electrode at a connection-side end 126.
  • the Ground electrode 112 in the form of the metal housing a hexagon 120 is formed, which is used to engage a tool (spark plug wrench) for mounting or removing the spark plug on an engine block of an internal combustion engine.
  • the center electrode 128 is arranged in the insulating body 118, electrically connected to the center electrode connection point 124 at the connection-side end 126 of the spark plug 100, and projects at the ignition-side end 114 in the axial direction of the insulating body 118 with a part which forms a center electrode end 140.
  • the center electrode end 140 is linear, electrically connected to the center electrode 128 and extends along a central longitudinal axis 144 of the center electrode 128.
  • the center electrode end 140 is arranged coaxially to the central longitudinal axis 144.
  • the central electrode 128 can also be arranged eccentrically with respect to the central longitudinal axis 144.
  • the ground electrode 112 has a part at the ignition-side end 114 which forms a ground electrode end 142 which projects beyond the insulating body 118 in the axial direction and is electrically connected to the ground electrode 112, i.e. is connected to the metal housing.
  • the ground electrode end 142 is L-shaped and extends in such a way that it intersects the central longitudinal axis 144. In this way, an axial region 170 of a gap 146 is formed or defined between the central electrode 128 and the ground electrode 112 or between the central electrode end 140 and the ground electrode end 142 along the central longitudinal axis 144 and axially spaced from the insulating part 118.
  • an additional electrode 150 is additionally provided, which is arranged on the spark plug 100 in an electrically insulated manner from the center electrode 128 and the ground electrode 112.
  • the additional electrode 150 is arranged in the insulating body 118 and runs in the insulating body 118 radially spaced parallel to the central electrode 128.
  • an additional electrode connection point 152 is arranged on the insulating body 118 and is electrically connected to the additional electrode 150 and serves to electrically connect the additional electrode 150 to an ignition system.
  • an additional electrode end 154 which is electrically connected the additional electrode 150 is connected and projects beyond the insulating body 118 in the axial direction.
  • the additional electrode end 154 is L-shaped and extends in such a way that it is in an in Figure 3A Alternative shown protrudes into the axial region 170 of the gap 146 between the center electrode end 140 and the ground electrode end 142.
  • a second spark gap 156 is formed or defined along the central longitudinal axis 144 and at an axial distance from the insulating part 118 between the center electrode 128 and the additional electrode 150 or between the center electrode end 140 and the additional electrode end 154
  • a first spark gap 166 is formed or defined between the additional electrode 150 and the ground electrode 112 or between the additional electrode end 154 and the ground electrode end 142.
  • the length of the second spark gap 156 is smaller or shorter than the length of the first spark gap 166, as is immediately apparent Figure 3A or 3B can be seen.
  • Figure 3B shows a second alternative, the same reference numerals functionally identical parts as in Figure 3A designate so that to explain them to the above description of Figure 3A is referred.
  • the additional electrode end 154 is also L-shaped and extends to a region 172 of the gap 146 radially adjacent to the axial region 170 of the gap 146.
  • the additional electrode end 154 intersects the central longitudinal axis 144 between the central electrode end 140 and the ground electrode end 142 - as in Figure 3B is shown - or not.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a second preferred embodiment of a spark plug 100 according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 are functionally identical parts with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 2 and 3 , so that to explain them refer to the above description of the Fig. 2 and 3 is referred.
  • the additional electrode end 154 and the ground electrode end 142 at the ignition-side end 114 of the spark plug 100 as a closed loop without a free one End trained.
  • the loop of the ground electrode end 142 begins and ends at the ground electrode 112 or the metal housing, which forms the ground electrode 112.
  • the loop of the additional electrode end 154 starts from the additional electrode 150 on the insulating body 118 and ends on the insulating body 118 radially spaced from the starting point of the loop of the additional electrode end 154 on the insulating body 118. This achieves impedance stabilization when using the spark plug 100 according to the invention with a high-frequency Ignition system (not shown).
  • the Fig. 5 shows a third preferred embodiment of a spark plug 100 according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 are functionally identical parts with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 2 . 3 and 4 , so that to explain them refer to the above description of the Fig. 2 . 3 and 5 is referred.
  • a further additional electrode 150a is provided, which is arranged in the insulating body 118 and extends essentially parallel to the central electrode 128 and radially spaced therefrom.
  • the loop of the additional electrode end 154 starts from the additional electrode 150 on the insulating body 118 and ends at the insulating body 118, this loop being electrically connected to the additional additional electrode 150a here.
  • the additional electrode 150a is electrically connected to the additional electrode connection point 152.
  • the additional electrode connection point 152 is formed, for example, in a ring on the outer circumference of the insulating body 118 and can be electrically contacted in this way by a corresponding additional electrical contact in a spark plug connector (not shown). This achieves a further impedance stabilization when using the spark plug 100 according to the invention with a plasma ignition system (not shown).
  • the additional electrode 150 and the further additional electrode 150a are formed in one piece in the insulating body as a tube or are rotationally symmetrical and are arranged coaxially to the central electrode 128.
  • the functioning of the spark plug 100 according to the invention is explained below in accordance with the example explained above 2 to 5 described.
  • a high-voltage pulse at the central electrode 128 creates a double air spark between the central electrode 128 and the additional electrode 150 or between the central electrode end 140 and the additional electrode end 154 on the one hand and the additional electrode 150 and the ground electrode 112 or the additional electrode end 154 and the ground electrode end 142, on the other hand.
  • the additional electrode 150 is passive or active depending on the connected ignition system or ignition circuit.
  • the additional electrode 150 is, for example, electrically connected to ground (simple spark), electrically connected to an electrical capacitance (passive) or electrically connected to an HF amplifier (active).
  • HF energy is introduced via the additional electrode 150, so that a plasma is excited from the ignition spark, which then correspondingly arises at the ignition-side end 114 of the spark plug 100 and remains until the supply of the HF Energy is terminated.
  • the central electrode 128 is a high-voltage electrode, which is provided for electrical connection to the high-voltage source of the high-frequency ignition system.
  • a short-term electrical high voltage generated by the high-voltage source (electrical high-voltage pulse or high-DC voltage pulse DC) is passed to the central electrode 128 and there leads to an ignition spark between the central electrode 128 and the additional electrode 150 or between the central electrode end 140 and the additional electrode end 154 on the one hand and the additional electrode 150 and the ground electrode 112 or the additional electrode end 154 and the ground electrode end 142 on the other hand (double air spark).
  • This ignition spark leads to the generation of a plasma between the center electrode 128 and the ground electrode 112 via the additional electrode 150 or between the center electrode end 140 and the ground electrode end 142 via the additional electrode end 154 in the first and second spark gap 166, 156.
  • high-voltage electrical pulse here denotes a high-voltage electrical voltage pulse of, for example, 8 kV to 12 kV.
  • the additional electrode 150 is a high-frequency electrode which is provided for the electrical connection to the high-frequency source of the high-frequency ignition system.
  • an electrical high frequency voltage generated by the high frequency source is passed to the additional electrode 150 and there leads to further heating of the plasma previously generated by the ignition spark due to the high DC voltage pulse, so that this plasma between the additional electrode 150 and the ground electrode 112 or can be maintained between the additional electrode end 154 and the ground electrode end 142 or in a space around the additional electrode end 154 and the ground electrode end 142 for a certain time period, this time period being significantly longer (up to several milliseconds ) than the time span in which the actual ignition spark would be present (a few nanoseconds).

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP17721523.3A 2016-05-23 2017-04-11 Zündkerze für eine hochfrequenz-zündanlage Active EP3465849B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016006350.5A DE102016006350A1 (de) 2016-05-23 2016-05-23 Zündkerze für eine Hochfrequenz-Zündanlage
PCT/EP2017/000480 WO2017202482A1 (de) 2016-05-23 2017-04-11 Zündkerze für eine hochfrequenz-zündanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3465849A1 EP3465849A1 (de) 2019-04-10
EP3465849B1 true EP3465849B1 (de) 2020-02-12

Family

ID=58671563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17721523.3A Active EP3465849B1 (de) 2016-05-23 2017-04-11 Zündkerze für eine hochfrequenz-zündanlage

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US10971902B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP3465849B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP2019517117A (ko)
KR (1) KR102141752B1 (ko)
CN (2) CN113054535B (ko)
DE (1) DE102016006350A1 (ko)
TW (1) TW201742343A (ko)
WO (1) WO2017202482A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108336644B (zh) * 2018-04-17 2023-08-18 上海极燃汽车科技有限公司 复间隙火花塞
DE102018118263A1 (de) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Zündung eines Kraftstoffgemisches, Übertragungselement zur Übertragung eines Zündsignals, Zündeinrichtung und Schaltungseinrichtung
DE102018125080A1 (de) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Zündsystem mit einem durch ein HF-Plasma vergrößerten Zündfunken einer Zündkerze mit einer Vorkammer sowie ein zugehöriges Verfahren
US11365685B2 (en) * 2020-02-20 2022-06-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for a series gap igniter with a passive prechamber
KR20210155934A (ko) * 2020-06-17 2021-12-24 현대자동차주식회사 듀얼 스파크 플러그
US11545816B2 (en) 2020-11-04 2023-01-03 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug with multiple spark gaps
KR20230027482A (ko) * 2021-08-19 2023-02-28 현대자동차주식회사 스파크 플러그
KR20230037235A (ko) * 2021-09-09 2023-03-16 현대자동차주식회사 멀티 점화 코일 제어 시스템

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017202482A1 (de) 2017-11-30
US20200235552A1 (en) 2020-07-23
JP2019517117A (ja) 2019-06-20
CN109155503A (zh) 2019-01-04
CN109155503B (zh) 2021-04-06
US10971902B2 (en) 2021-04-06
CN113054535B (zh) 2022-11-01
KR102141752B1 (ko) 2020-08-06
DE102016006350A1 (de) 2017-11-23
CN113054535A (zh) 2021-06-29
KR20190008238A (ko) 2019-01-23
TW201742343A (zh) 2017-12-01
EP3465849A1 (de) 2019-04-10

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