EP3442855B1 - Catamaran hull of hybrid structure and craft using such a hull - Google Patents
Catamaran hull of hybrid structure and craft using such a hull Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3442855B1 EP3442855B1 EP17717390.3A EP17717390A EP3442855B1 EP 3442855 B1 EP3442855 B1 EP 3442855B1 EP 17717390 A EP17717390 A EP 17717390A EP 3442855 B1 EP3442855 B1 EP 3442855B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hull
- partition
- float
- lateral
- bulkhead
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 121
- 235000005921 Cynara humilis Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 240000002228 Cynara humilis Species 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
- B63B11/02—Arrangement of bulkheads, e.g. defining cargo spaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
- B63B2001/123—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls interconnected by a plurality of beams, or the like members only
Definitions
- the technical field of the invention is that of boat hulls.
- the present invention relates to a catamaran hull and in particular a catamaran hull with a hybrid structure.
- a boat hull located on a body of water is subject to several forces which can give rise to significant stresses.
- the weight of the ship and the buoyancy balance and the constraints imposed on the hull are generally low.
- Archimedes' thrust is unevenly distributed and the ship then takes an arc or a counter-arc depending on the configuration.
- a catamaran hull is made up of two floats connected by a platform.
- the forces exerted by the water on the two floats can be asymmetrical and cause great stresses.
- support structures commonly called beams, connecting the two floats forming the hull of the catamaran.
- these beams take the form of partitions having an inverted U-shaped profile, each branch of the inverted U coming to be housed in one of the hull floats.
- CA1265174 discloses a catamaran with interior partitions.
- the invention offers a solution to the problems mentioned above, by proposing a catamaran hull with a hybrid structure comprising beams each consisting of a partition, said partitions defining one or more monoblock hull parts.
- a hybrid structure comprising beams each consisting of a partition, said partitions defining one or more monoblock hull parts.
- substantially perpendicular is meant that the angle between the bow-stern axis and the plane containing the first partition or the second partition is equal to 90 ° plus or minus 20 °.
- the term “monobloc hull part” means a part of the hull comprising the central float, a part of the first lateral float and a part of the second lateral float, the assembly forming a hull part made in one piece.
- the volume of the monobloc part is defined by the first partition, the second partition as well as the external lateral walls opposite the central float of the first lateral float and of the second lateral float.
- Beam here means an element contributing to the mechanical strength of the hull.
- the first beam and the second beam are in the form of a first partition and a second partition.
- first partition is therefore equivalent to the term first beam
- second partition is therefore equivalent to the term second beam. It is therefore understood that the first partition and the second partition contribute to the mechanical strength of the hull and should therefore not be considered as simple partitions having only a role of separation between two spaces.
- the first partition and the second partition make it possible to obtain a monobloc part which has volumes similar to a monohull; the parts of the hull outside this monobloc part having a catamaran profile.
- the hull can therefore be described as a catamaran hull with a hybrid structure. This structure gives the whole great stability and a large living space.
- the invention also relates to a boat comprising a hull according to the invention.
- the shell according to one aspect of the invention may have one or more complementary characteristics among the following, considered individually or according to all the technically possible combinations.
- the first partition and / or the second partition have an opening.
- the first partition and / or the second partition have a plurality of openings.
- outside light can enter the space between the first partition and the second partition which limits the use of artificial lighting. This also ensures natural ventilation of the same space.
- the one-piece hull part comprises a bottom part defining a hull bottom of the one-piece hull part; said hull bottom being completely submerged.
- the volume of the hull part defined between the first partition and the second partition is maximized.
- the one-piece hull part has a bottom part defining a hull bottom of the one-piece hull part; said hull bottom being partially submerged.
- the hull comprises a plurality of central floats, a plurality of first beams each first beam being constituted by a first partition, a plurality of second beams each second beam being constituted by a second partition, the central part of each partition comprising an element lower intended to cooperate with a lower part of a central float of the plurality of central floats; each shell part arranged between a first partition and a second partition defining a one-piece shell part so as to form a plurality of one-piece shell parts.
- the plurality of first beams corresponds to a plurality of first partitions.
- the plurality of second beams corresponds to a plurality of second partitions.
- Each hull part arranged between a first partition of the plurality of first partitions and a second partition of the plurality of second partitions defines a one-piece hull part.
- the plurality of first partitions and the plurality of second partitions thus form a plurality of one-piece shell parts.
- each partition of the plurality of first partitions or of the plurality of second partitions comprises a central part comprising a lower element intended to cooperate with a lower part of a central float of the plurality of central floats.
- each first partition of the plurality of first partitions is associated with a second partition of the plurality of second partitions and with a central float of the plurality of central floats to form a one-piece hull part. It is therefore possible to provide a plurality of monohull type volumes within the shell according to the invention.
- a fourth beam is arranged horizontally at the rear part of the hull so as to be positioned between the first lateral float and the second lateral float, said fourth beam comprising a first end joining the fourth beam to the first lateral float and a second end joining the fourth beam to the second lateral float.
- this fourth beam located outside the floats, reinforces the rigidity of the hull on the catamaran part of the hull while allowing the development of a wide aft deck on an upper surface of the fourth beam, the fourth beam being arranged horizontally.
- a rear deck in particular facilitates access to the sea or to the land.
- the term "arranged horizontally” means that the fourth beam defines a first plane, said first plane being parallel to the water plane.
- water plane means the plane passing through the water line.
- the first partition 1 and the second partition 2 make it possible to obtain a one-piece part 7 of the shell 5 which has a profile similar to a monohull.
- the hull 5 can be described as hybrid since the one-piece hull part 7 of the hull 5 has a monohull profile while the one or more hull parts not included in the one-piece part 7 have a catamaran profile.
- each partition 1, 2 has a height H and a width L.
- the dimensions of the first partition may be different from the dimensions of the second partition. Alternatively, these dimensions can be identical.
- the first lateral part has a width L G and a height H G
- the central part has a width L C and a height H C while the second lateral part has a width L D and a height H D.
- first partition 1 and the second partition 2 are substantially rectangular.
- the surface of each partition of width L and height H is equal, more or less 20%, to the surface of a rectangle of width L and height H.
- the volume obtained between the first partition 1 and the second partition 2 then has a substantially parallelepiped shape which makes it possible to facilitate the interior arrangement of said volume.
- the first partition 1 has an opening 4. This opening 4 allows the outside light to penetrate into at least part of the volume defined between the first partition 1 and the second partition 2. It also allows natural ventilation of this same volume.
- the arrangement of an opening 4 in the first partition 1 only slightly reduces the mechanical resistance of this first partition 1. It is also possible to provide a plurality of openings 4 on the same partition. In the drawings, only the first partition 1 has an opening 4. However, it is possible to provide an opening 4 or a plurality of openings 4 in the second partition 2 or alternatively a first opening or a first plurality of openings in the first partition 1 as well as a second opening or a second plurality of second openings in the second partition 2.
- the first partition 1 and the second partition 2 are positioned so that the one-piece hull part 7 is located at the front of the hull 5.
- the hybrid catamaran hull 5 has a monohull profile at the front of the hull 5 and a catamaran profile at the rear of the hull 5.
- the first partition 1 and the second partition 2 are positioned so that the one-piece hull part 7 is located at the rear of the hull 5.
- the hull 5 of the hybrid catamaran has a profile monohull at the rear of hull 5 and a catamaran profile at the front of hull 5.
- a third beam 3 mechanically reinforces the rear part of the shell 5. Indeed, when one wishes to have the one-piece part 7 of the shell 5 so as to obtain a large volume at the front of the shell 5, the first partition 1 and the second partition 2 are then both placed at the front of the shell 5. This can lead to weakness at the rear of the shell 5 in which no beam is present.
- the addition of a third beam 3 makes it possible to reinforce the rear of the hull 5 while retaining a hybrid structure, the hull part 5 located between the second partition 2 and the third beam 3 having the profile of a hull of catamaran.
- the third beam 3 therefore has a shape similar to a beam used in the catamaran hulls according to the state of the prior art.
- a fourth beam 8 is arranged horizontally at the rear part of the shell 5 so as to be positioned between the first lateral float D and the second lateral float G, said fourth beam comprising a first end joining the fourth beam to the first lateral float D and a second end joining the fourth beam to the second lateral float G.
- the fourth beam 8 is in the form of a central parallelepiped part, a first end part and a second end part, said end parts forming an angle with the central part. , the central part being located in a plane parallel to the waterline. The central part, the first end part and the second end part constituting a single mechanical part.
- the first end joining the first lateral float D is one end of the first end part and the second end joining the second lateral float G is one end of the second end part.
- the distance separating the fourth beam 8 from the stern is less than or equal to 1m.
- the width of the beam 8 is between 0.5m and 2.5m.
- the distance separating the fourth beam from the water plane is between 10cm and 70cm.
- a plurality of third beams 3 is provided.
- This plurality of third beams 3 reinforces the catamaran part of the hull 5 of a catamaran with a hybrid structure.
- This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the catamaran part of the hull 5 of a catamaran with a hybrid structure is too long for a single third beam 3 to be sufficient to stiffen said catamaran part.
- a third beam of the plurality of third beams 3 is arranged at the rear of the shell 5 so as to form the rear end of said shell 5, said third beam comprising a flattened upper part forming a connection between the first lateral float D and the second lateral float G.
- said third beam constitutes the transom of the first lateral float D and of the second lateral float G so as to form a rear shelf over the entire width of the hull 5, at said third beam.
- Such a rear deck in particular facilitates access to the sea or to land.
- a third beam 3 mechanically reinforces the rear part of the shell 5.
- the first partition has an opening.
- the first partition is positioned at 90% of the length of the hull; the second partition is positioned at 75% of the length of the hull.
- the third beam is positioned at 40% of the length of the hull so as to reinforce the rear part of the hull.
- the first partition is understood to be positioned at 90% of the length of the hull that a distance equal to 90% of the total length of the hull separates the rear of the hull from the position of the first partition.
- the expression “second partition positioned at 75% of the length of the shell” means that a distance equal to 75% of the total length of the shell separates the rear of the shell from the position of the second partition.
- the term third beam positioned at 40% of the length of the hull means that a distance equal to 40% of the total length of the hull separates the rear of the hull from the position of the third beam.
- the hull 5 may comprise a plurality of central floats, a plurality of first beams each first beam being constituted by a first partition, a plurality of second beams each second beam being constituted by a second partition, the central part of each partition comprising a lower element intended to cooperate with a lower part of the central float of the plurality of central floats; each shell part arranged between a first partition and a second partition defining a one-piece shell part so as to form a plurality of one-piece shell part.
- the hull comprises a first central float C, a second central float C ', a first partition 1, a second partition 2, a third partition 1' and a fourth partition 2 '; each one-piece shell part 7, 7 'being arranged between a first partition 1, 1' and a second partition 2, 2 '.
- the first lateral float D and the second lateral float G are thus joined using a first central float C and a second central float C '.
- the lower element of the central part PC of the first partition 1 and of the second partition 2 cooperates with a lower part of the first central float 7.
- the lower element of the first lateral part of the first partition 1 and of the second partition 2 cooperates with a lower part of the first lateral float D.
- the lower element of the second lateral part PG of the first partition 1 and of the second partition 2 cooperates with a lower part of the second lateral float G.
- the lower element of the central part PC of the third partition 1 'and of the fourth partition 2' cooperates with a lower part of the second central float 7 '.
- the lower element of the first lateral part of the third partition 1 'and of the fourth partition 2' cooperates with a lower part of the first lateral float D.
- the lower element of the second lateral part PG of the third partition 1 'and of the fourth partition 2 ' cooperates with a lower part of the second lateral float G.
- the hull part arranged between the first partition 1 and the second partition 2 defines a first one-piece hull part 7 while the hull part arranged between the third partition 1 'and the fourth partition 2' defines a second hull part monobloc 7 '.
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Description
Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des coques de bateau. La présente invention concerne une coque de catamaran et en particulier une coque de catamaran à structure hybride.The technical field of the invention is that of boat hulls. The present invention relates to a catamaran hull and in particular a catamaran hull with a hybrid structure.
Une coque de bateau située sur un plan d'eau est soumise à plusieurs forces qui peuvent donner lieu à des contraintes importantes. En eaux calmes, le poids du navire et la poussée d'Archimède s'équilibrent et les contraintes imposées à la coque sont en général faibles. Sous la houle, la poussée d'Archimède est inégalement répartie et le navire prend alors de l'arc ou du contre-arc selon la configuration.A boat hull located on a body of water is subject to several forces which can give rise to significant stresses. In calm waters, the weight of the ship and the buoyancy balance and the constraints imposed on the hull are generally low. Under the swell, Archimedes' thrust is unevenly distributed and the ship then takes an arc or a counter-arc depending on the configuration.
Lorsque la coque est de type catamaran, les contraintes sont complexes. En effet, une coque de catamaran est constituée de deux flotteurs reliés par une plateforme. Les forces exercées par l'eau sur les deux flotteurs peuvent être dissymétriques et entrainer de fortes contraintes. Afin de pouvoir faire face à ces contraintes, il est connu de mettre en œuvres des structures de maintien, communément appelés poutres, reliant les deux flotteurs formant la coque du catamaran. Dans les catamarans habitables, ces poutres prennent la forme de cloisons présentant un profil en forme de U inversé, chaque branche du U inversé venant se loger dans l'un des flotteurs de la coque. CA1265174 divulgue un catamaran avec des cloisons intérieures .When the hull is catamaran type, the constraints are complex. Indeed, a catamaran hull is made up of two floats connected by a platform. The forces exerted by the water on the two floats can be asymmetrical and cause great stresses. In order to be able to cope with these constraints, it is known to implement support structures, commonly called beams, connecting the two floats forming the hull of the catamaran. In habitable catamarans, these beams take the form of partitions having an inverted U-shaped profile, each branch of the inverted U coming to be housed in one of the hull floats. CA1265174 discloses a catamaran with interior partitions.
La présence de ces cloisons vient conditionner l'aménagement intérieur de la coque et limite fortement l'espace disponible pour les volumes intérieurs. En effet, toute modification des cloisons constituées par les poutres peut avoir une influence sur la résistance de la coque face aux différentes contraintes évoquées précédemment. On comprend donc qu'une coque de catamaran habitable permet de bénéficier d'une bonne stabilité et d'une bonne résistance au prix d'une perte de volume intérieur, ce qui réduit fortement les possibilités d'aménagement de telles coques.The presence of these partitions conditions the interior layout of the hull and greatly limits the space available for interior volumes. Indeed, any modification of the partitions formed by the beams can have a influence on the hull's resistance to the various constraints mentioned above. It is therefore understandable that a habitable catamaran hull makes it possible to benefit from good stability and good resistance at the cost of a loss of interior volume, which greatly reduces the possibilities of fitting out such hulls.
Il existe donc un besoin d'une coque qui permet de bénéficier de la stabilité d'une coque de catamaran tout en permettant l'aménagement de larges volumes intérieurs.There is therefore a need for a hull which makes it possible to benefit from the stability of a catamaran hull while allowing the fitting out of large interior volumes.
L'invention offre une solution aux problèmes évoqués précédemment, en proposant une coque de catamaran à structure hybride comportant des poutres chacune constituée par une cloison, lesdites cloisons définissant une ou plusieurs parties de coque monoblocs. Une telle structure permet d'obtenir un large volume intérieur dans une coque présentant une stabilité proche de la stabilité d'une coque de catamaran.The invention offers a solution to the problems mentioned above, by proposing a catamaran hull with a hybrid structure comprising beams each consisting of a partition, said partitions defining one or more monoblock hull parts. Such a structure makes it possible to obtain a large interior volume in a hull having a stability close to the stability of a catamaran hull.
Un aspect de l'invention concerne une coque de catamaran à structure hybride comportant un premier flotteur latéral, un deuxième flotteur latéral et un flotteur central joignant le premier flotteur latéral au deuxième flotteur latéral ; la coque comprenant en outre une première poutre constituée par une première cloison et une deuxième poutre constituée par une deuxième cloison chaque cloison se situant dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe proue-poupe et comprenant :
- une partie centrale comportant un élément inférieur destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure du flotteur central ;
- une première partie latérale comportant un élément inférieur destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure du premier flotteur latéral ;
- une deuxième partie latérale comportant un élément inférieur destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure du deuxième flotteur latéral ;
- a central part comprising a lower element intended to cooperate with a lower part of the central float;
- a first lateral part comprising a lower element intended to cooperate with a lower part of the first lateral float;
- a second lateral part comprising a lower element intended to cooperate with a lower part of the second lateral float;
On entend par sensiblement perpendiculaire que l'angle entre l'axe proue-poupe et le plan contenant la première cloison ou la deuxième cloison est égal à 90° plus ou moins 20°. On entend par partie de coque monobloc, une partie de la coque comprenant le flotteur central, une partie du premier flotteur latéral et une partie du deuxième flotteur latéral, l'ensemble formant une partie de coque faite d'un seul bloc. Autrement dit, le volume de la partie monobloc est défini par la première cloison, la deuxième cloison ainsi que les parois latérales extérieures opposées au flotteur central du premier flotteur latéral et du deuxième flotteur latéral.By substantially perpendicular is meant that the angle between the bow-stern axis and the plane containing the first partition or the second partition is equal to 90 ° plus or minus 20 °. The term “monobloc hull part” means a part of the hull comprising the central float, a part of the first lateral float and a part of the second lateral float, the assembly forming a hull part made in one piece. In other words, the volume of the monobloc part is defined by the first partition, the second partition as well as the external lateral walls opposite the central float of the first lateral float and of the second lateral float.
On entend ici par poutre un élément contribuant à la tenue mécanique de la coque. Dans la coque selon l'invention, la première poutre et la deuxième poutre se présentent sous la forme d'une première cloison et d'une deuxième cloison. Dans le texte de la demande le terme première cloison est donc équivalent au terme première poutre et le terme deuxième cloison est donc équivalent au terme deuxième poutre. On comprend donc que la première cloison et la deuxième cloison contribuent à la tenue mécanique de la coque et ne doivent donc pas être considérées comme de simples cloisons n'ayant qu'un rôle de séparation entre deux espaces.Beam here means an element contributing to the mechanical strength of the hull. In the shell according to the invention, the first beam and the second beam are in the form of a first partition and a second partition. In the text of the request, the term first partition is therefore equivalent to the term first beam and the term second partition is therefore equivalent to the term second beam. It is therefore understood that the first partition and the second partition contribute to the mechanical strength of the hull and should therefore not be considered as simple partitions having only a role of separation between two spaces.
Ainsi, dans une coque selon l'invention, la première cloison et la deuxième cloison permettent d'obtenir une partie monobloc qui présente des volumes semblables à un monocoque ; les parties de la coque en dehors de cette partie monobloc présentant un profil de catamaran. La coque peut donc être décrite comme une coque de catamaran à structure hybride. Cette structure confère à l'ensemble une grande stabilité et un large volume habitable.Thus, in a hull according to the invention, the first partition and the second partition make it possible to obtain a monobloc part which has volumes similar to a monohull; the parts of the hull outside this monobloc part having a catamaran profile. The hull can therefore be described as a catamaran hull with a hybrid structure. This structure gives the whole great stability and a large living space.
L'invention concerne également une embarcation comportant une coque selon l'invention.The invention also relates to a boat comprising a hull according to the invention.
Outre les caractéristiques qui viennent d'être évoquées dans les paragraphes précédents, la coque selon un aspect de l'invention peut présenter une ou plusieurs caractéristiques complémentaires parmi les suivantes, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles.In addition to the characteristics which have just been mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, the shell according to one aspect of the invention may have one or more complementary characteristics among the following, considered individually or according to all the technically possible combinations.
Avantageusement, la première cloison et/ou la deuxième cloison présentent une ouverture. Alternativement, la première cloison et/ou la deuxième cloison présentent une pluralité d'ouvertures. Ainsi, la lumière extérieure peut pénétrer dans l'espace compris entre la première cloison et la deuxième cloison ce qui limite le recours à un éclairage artificiel. Cela permet en outre d'assurer une ventilation naturelle de ce même espace.Advantageously, the first partition and / or the second partition have an opening. Alternatively, the first partition and / or the second partition have a plurality of openings. Thus, outside light can enter the space between the first partition and the second partition which limits the use of artificial lighting. This also ensures natural ventilation of the same space.
Avantageusement, la partie de coque monobloc comporte une partie basse définissant un fond de coque de la partie de coque monobloc ; ledit fond de coque étant totalement immergé. Ainsi, le volume de la partie de coque définie entre la première cloison et la deuxième cloison est maximisé.Advantageously, the one-piece hull part comprises a bottom part defining a hull bottom of the one-piece hull part; said hull bottom being completely submerged. Thus, the volume of the hull part defined between the first partition and the second partition is maximized.
De manière alternative, la partie de coque monobloc comporte une partie basse définissant un fond de coque de la partie de coque monobloc ; ledit fond de coque étant partiellement immergé. Ainsi, il est possible de prévoir un passage pour l'écoulement de l'eau au niveau de la partie centrale de la coque. On améliore ainsi l'hydrodynamique de la coque.Alternatively, the one-piece hull part has a bottom part defining a hull bottom of the one-piece hull part; said hull bottom being partially submerged. Thus, it is possible to provide a passage for the flow of water at the central part of the hull. This improves the hydrodynamics of the hull.
Avantageusement, la coque comporte une pluralité de flotteurs centraux , une pluralité de premières poutres chaque première poutre étant constituée par une première cloison, une pluralité de deuxièmes poutres chaque deuxième poutre étant constituée par une deuxième cloison, la partie centrale de chaque cloison comportant un élément inférieur destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure d'un flotteur central de la pluralité de flotteur centraux ; chaque partie de coque agencée entre une première cloison et une deuxième cloison définissant une partie de coque monobloc de sorte à former une pluralité de parties de coque monoblocs.Advantageously, the hull comprises a plurality of central floats, a plurality of first beams each first beam being constituted by a first partition, a plurality of second beams each second beam being constituted by a second partition, the central part of each partition comprising an element lower intended to cooperate with a lower part of a central float of the plurality of central floats; each shell part arranged between a first partition and a second partition defining a one-piece shell part so as to form a plurality of one-piece shell parts.
Ainsi à la pluralité de premières poutres correspond une pluralité de premières cloisons. De même, à la pluralité de deuxièmes poutres correspond une pluralité de deuxièmes cloisons. Chaque partie de coque agencée entre une première cloison de la pluralité de premières cloisons et une deuxième cloison de la pluralité de deuxièmes cloisons définit une partie de coque monobloc. La pluralité de premières cloisons et la pluralité de deuxièmes cloisons forment ainsi une pluralité de parties de coque monoblocs. De plus chaque, cloison de la pluralité de premières cloisons ou de la pluralité de deuxièmes cloisons comprend une partie centrale comportant un élément inférieur destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure d'un flotteur central de la pluralité de flotteurs centraux.Thus, the plurality of first beams corresponds to a plurality of first partitions. Likewise, the plurality of second beams corresponds to a plurality of second partitions. Each hull part arranged between a first partition of the plurality of first partitions and a second partition of the plurality of second partitions defines a one-piece hull part. The plurality of first partitions and the plurality of second partitions thus form a plurality of one-piece shell parts. In addition, each partition of the plurality of first partitions or of the plurality of second partitions comprises a central part comprising a lower element intended to cooperate with a lower part of a central float of the plurality of central floats.
Autrement dit, chaque première cloison de la pluralité de premières cloisons est associée à une deuxième cloison de la pluralité de deuxièmes cloisons et à un flotteur central de la pluralité de flotteurs centraux pour former une partie de coque monobloc. Il est donc possible de prévoir une pluralité de volume de type monocoque au sein de la coque selon l'invention.In other words, each first partition of the plurality of first partitions is associated with a second partition of the plurality of second partitions and with a central float of the plurality of central floats to form a one-piece hull part. It is therefore possible to provide a plurality of monohull type volumes within the shell according to the invention.
Avantageusement, une quatrième poutre est agencée horizontalement au niveau de la partie arrière de la coque de sorte à se positionner entre le premier flotteur latéral et le deuxième flotteur latéral, ladite quatrième poutre comprenant une première extrémité joignant la quatrième poutre au premier flotteur latéral et une deuxième extrémité joignant la quatrième poutre au deuxième flotteur latéral.Advantageously, a fourth beam is arranged horizontally at the rear part of the hull so as to be positioned between the first lateral float and the second lateral float, said fourth beam comprising a first end joining the fourth beam to the first lateral float and a second end joining the fourth beam to the second lateral float.
Ainsi, cette quatrième poutre, située à l'extérieur des flotteurs, renforce la rigidité de la coque sur la partie catamaran de la coque tout en permettant l'aménagement d'une large plage arrière sur une surface supérieure de la quatrième poutre, la quatrième poutre étant agencée horizontalement. Une telle plage arrière permet notamment de faciliter l'accès à la mer ou à la terre. On entend par « agencée horizontalement » le fait que la quatrième poutre définit un premier plan, ledit premier plan étant parallèle au plan de flottaison. On entend par « plan de flottaison » le plan passant par la ligne de flottaison.Thus, this fourth beam, located outside the floats, reinforces the rigidity of the hull on the catamaran part of the hull while allowing the development of a wide aft deck on an upper surface of the fourth beam, the fourth beam being arranged horizontally. Such a rear deck in particular facilitates access to the sea or to the land. The term "arranged horizontally" means that the fourth beam defines a first plane, said first plane being parallel to the water plane. The term "water plane" means the plane passing through the water line.
L'invention et ses différentes applications seront mieux comprises à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des figures qui l'accompagnent.The invention and its different applications will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the accompanying figures.
Les figures sont présentées à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif de l'invention. Elles illustrent :
- la
figure 1A , une vue en coupe de dessus d'une coque selon un premier mode de réalisation ; - la
figure 1B , la structure d'une poutre selon un mode de réalisation ; - la
figure 2 , la structure d'une poutre présentant une ouverture selon un mode de réalisation ; - la
figure 3 , une vue en coupe de dessus d'une coque selon un deuxième mode de réalisation ; - la
figure 4 , une représentation en trois dimensions d'une coque selon un troisième mode de réalisation ; - la
figure 5 , une vue en coupe de dessus d'une coque selon un quatrième mode de réalisation.
- the
figure 1A , a sectional view from above of a shell according to a first embodiment; - the
figure 1B , the structure of a beam according to one embodiment; - the
figure 2 , the structure of a beam having an opening according to one embodiment; - the
figure 3 , a sectional view from above of a shell according to a second embodiment; - the
figure 4 , a three-dimensional representation of a shell according to a third embodiment; - the
figure 5 , a sectional view from above of a shell according to a fourth embodiment.
Sauf précision contraire, un même élément apparaissant sur des figures différentes présente une référence unique.Unless otherwise specified, the same element appearing in different figures has a unique reference.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation illustré aux
- une partie centrale PC comportant un élément inférieur PCI destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure du flotteur central C ;
- une première partie latérale PD comportant un élément inférieur PDI destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure du premier flotteur latéral D ;
- une deuxième partie latérale PG comportant un élément inférieur PGI destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure du deuxième flotteur latéral G ;
- a central part PC comprising a lower element PCI intended to cooperate with a lower part of the central float C;
- a first lateral part PD comprising a lower element PDI intended to cooperate with a lower part of the first lateral float D;
- a second lateral part PG comprising a lower element PGI intended to cooperate with a lower part of the second lateral float G;
Ainsi, la première cloison 1 et la deuxième cloison 2 permettent d'obtenir une partie monobloc 7 de coque 5 qui présente un profil semblable à un monocoque. La coque 5 peut être décrite comme hybride puisque que la partie de coque monobloc 7 de la coque 5 présente un profil de monocoque tandis que la ou les parties de coque non-comprises dans la partie monobloc 7 présentent un profil de catamaran.Thus, the
Comme illustré à la
Dans un mode de réalisation, la première 1 cloison et la deuxième cloison 2 sont sensiblement rectangulaires. Autrement dit la surface de chaque cloison de largeur L et de hauteur H est égale, à plus ou moins 20%, à la surface d'un rectangle de largeur L et de hauteur H. Le volume obtenu entre la première cloison 1 et la deuxième cloison 2 présente alors une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique ce qui permet de faciliter l'aménagement intérieur dudit volume.In one embodiment, the
Dans un mode de réalisation illustré à la
Les contraintes s'exerçant sur la cloison étant principalement situées au niveau des parties haute et basse de la cloison, l'aménagement d'une ouverture 4 dans la première cloison 1 ne diminue que faiblement la résistance mécanique de cette première cloison 1. Il est également possible de ménager une pluralité d'ouvertures 4 sur une même cloison. Dans les dessins, seule la première cloison 1 possède une ouverture 4. Mais il est possible de ménager une ouverture 4 ou une pluralité d'ouvertures 4 dans la deuxième cloison 2 ou bien encore une première ouverture ou une première pluralité d'ouvertures dans la première cloison 1 ainsi qu'une deuxième ouverture ou une deuxième pluralité de deuxième ouvertures dans la deuxième cloison 2.The stresses exerted on the partition being mainly located at the upper and lower parts of the partition, the arrangement of an
Dans un mode de réalisation, la première cloison 1 et la deuxième cloison 2 sont positionnées de sorte que la partie de coque monobloc 7 soit située à l'avant de la coque 5. Dans ce mode de réalisation, la coque 5 de catamaran hybride possède un profil de monocoque à l'avant de la coque 5 et un profil de catamaran à l'arrière de la coque 5.In one embodiment, the
De manière alternative, la première cloison 1 et la deuxième cloison 2 sont positionnées de sorte que la partie de coque monobloc 7 soit située à l'arrière de la coque 5. Dans ce mode de réalisation, la coque 5 de catamaran hybride possède un profil de monocoque à l'arrière de la coque 5 et un profil de catamaran à l'avant de la coque 5.Alternatively, the
Dans un mode de réalisation illustré à la
Dans un mode de réalisation, une quatrième poutre 8 est agencée horizontalement au niveau de la partie arrière de la coque 5 de sorte à se positionner entre le premier flotteur latéral D et le deuxième flotteur latéral G, ladite quatrième poutre comprenant une première extrémité joignant la quatrième poutre au premier flotteur latéral D et une deuxième extrémité joignant la quatrième poutre au deuxième flotteur latéral G.In one embodiment, a
Dans un mode de réalisation, la quatrième poutre 8 se présente sous la forme d'une partie centrale parallélépipédique, une première partie d'extrémité et d'une deuxième partie d'extrémité, lesdites parties d'extrémités formant un angle avec la pièce centrale, la partie centrale étant située dans un plan parallèle au plan de flottaison. La partie centrale, la première partie d'extrémité et la deuxième partie d'extrémités constituant une pièce mécanique unique. Dans ce mode de réalisation, la première extrémité joignant le premier flotteur latéral D est une extrémité de la première partie d'extrémité et la deuxième extrémité joignant le deuxième flotteur latéral G est une extrémité de la deuxième partie d'extrémité.In one embodiment, the
Dans un mode de réalisation, la distance séparant la quatrième poutre 8 de la poupe est inférieure ou égale à 1m. De préférence, la largeur de la poutre 8 est comprise entre 0.5m et 2.5m. Dans un mode de réalisation, la distance séparant la quatrième poutre du plan de flottaison est comprise entre 10cm et 70cm.In one embodiment, the distance separating the
Dans un mode de réalisation alternatif, il est prévu une pluralité de troisièmes poutres 3. Cette pluralité de troisièmes poutres 3 vient renforcer la partie catamaran de la coque 5 de catamaran à structure hybride. Ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement avantageux lorsque la partie catamaran de la coque 5 de catamaran à structure hybride est trop longue pour qu'une unique troisième poutre 3 suffise à rigidifier ladite partie catamaran.In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of
Dans un mode de réalisation, une troisième poutre de la pluralité de troisièmes poutres 3 est agencée à l'arrière de la coque 5 de sorte à former l'extrémité arrière de ladite coque 5, ladite troisième poutre comportant une partie supérieure aplatie formant une liaison entre le premier flotteur latéral D et le deuxième flotteur latéral G. Autrement dit, ladite troisième poutre constitue le tableau arrière du premier flotteur latéral D et du deuxième flotteur latéral G de sorte à former une plage arrière sur toute la largeur de la coque 5, au niveau de ladite troisième poutre. Une telle plage arrière facilite notamment l'accès à la mer ou à terre.In one embodiment, a third beam of the plurality of
Dans un mode de réalisation illustré à la
On entend par première cloison positionnée à 90% de la longueur de la coque qu'une distance égale à 90% de la longueur totale de la coque sépare l'arrière de la coque de la position de la première cloison. De même, on entend par deuxième cloison positionnée à 75 % de la longueur de la coque qu'une distance égale à 75% de la longueur totale de la coque sépare l'arrière de la coque de la position de la deuxième cloison. De même, on entend par troisième poutre positionnée à 40% de la longueur de la coque qu'une distance égale à 40% de la longueur totale de la coque sépare l'arrière de la coque de la position de la troisième poutre.The first partition is understood to be positioned at 90% of the length of the hull that a distance equal to 90% of the total length of the hull separates the rear of the hull from the position of the first partition. Likewise, the expression “second partition positioned at 75% of the length of the shell” means that a distance equal to 75% of the total length of the shell separates the rear of the shell from the position of the second partition. Likewise, the term third beam positioned at 40% of the length of the hull means that a distance equal to 40% of the total length of the hull separates the rear of the hull from the position of the third beam.
Comme évoqué précédemment, la coque 5 peut comporter une pluralité de flotteurs centraux, une pluralité de premières poutres chaque première poutre étant constituée par une première cloison, une pluralité de deuxièmes poutres chaque deuxième poutre étant constituée par une deuxième cloison , la partie centrale de chaque cloison comportant un élément inférieur destiné à coopérer avec une partie inférieure du flotteur central de la pluralité de flotteur centraux ; chaque partie de coque agencée entre une première cloison et une deuxième cloison définissant une partie de coque monobloc de sorte à former une pluralité de partie de coque monobloc. Dans cette configuration, Il est donc possible de prévoir une pluralité de volume de type monocoque au sein de la coque 5.As mentioned above, the
Dans un mode de réalisation illustré à la
Plus particulièrement, l'élément inférieur de la partie centrale PC de la première cloison 1 et de la deuxième cloison 2 coopère avec une partie inférieure du premier flotteur central 7. L'élément inférieur de la première partie latérale de la première cloison 1 et de la deuxième cloison 2 coopère avec une partie inférieure du premier flotteur latéral D. L'élément inférieur de la deuxième partie latérale PG de la première cloison 1 et de la deuxième cloison 2 coopère avec une partie inférieure du deuxième flotteur latéral G. De même, l'élément inférieur de la partie centrale PC de la troisième cloison 1' et de la quatrième cloison 2' coopère avec une partie inférieure du deuxième flotteur central 7'. L'élément inférieur de la première partie latérale de la troisième cloison 1' et de la quatrième cloison 2' coopère avec une partie inférieure du premier flotteur latéral D. L'élément inférieur de la deuxième partie latérale PG de la troisième cloison 1' et de la quatrième cloison 2' coopère avec une partie inférieure du deuxième flotteur latéral G.More particularly, the lower element of the central part PC of the
Ainsi, la partie de coque agencée entre la première cloison 1 et la deuxième cloison 2 défini une première partie de coque monobloc 7 tandis que la partie de coque agencée entre la troisième cloison 1' et la quatrième cloison 2' défini une deuxième partie de coque monobloc 7'.Thus, the hull part arranged between the
Claims (8)
- Catamaran hull (5) of hybrid structure comprising a first lateral float (D) and a second lateral float (G), characterised in that it further comprises a central float (C) joining the first lateral float (D) to the second lateral float (G); the hull (5) further including a first beam consisting of a first bulkhead (1) and a second beam consisting of a second bulkhead (2) each bulkhead lying in a plane substantially perpendicular to the bow-stern axis (PP) and including:- a central portion (PC) comprising a lower element (PCI) intended to cooperate with a lower portion of the central float (C);- a first lateral portion (PD) comprising a lower element (PDI) intended to cooperate with a lower portion of the first lateral float (D);- a second lateral portion (PG) comprising a lower element (PGI) intended to cooperate with a lower portion of the second lateral float (G);the hull portion arranged between the first bulkhead (1) and the second bulkhead (2) defining a one-piece hull portion (7).
- Hull according to the preceding claim characterised in that the first bulkhead (1) and/or the second bulkhead (2) have an opening (4).
- Hull according to claim 1 characterised in that the first bulkhead (1) and/or the second bulkhead (2) have a plurality of openings (4).
- Hull according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the one-piece hull portion (7) comprises a lower portion defining a hull bottom of the one-piece hull portion (7); said hull bottom being totally immersed.
- Hull according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the one-piece hull portion (7) comprises a lower portion defining a hull bottom of the one-piece hull portion (7); said hull bottom being partially immersed.
- Hull according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the hull (5) comprises a plurality of central floats (C, C'), a plurality of first beams each first beam being constituted of a first bulkhead (1, 1'), a plurality of second beams each second beam being constituted of a second bulkhead (2, 2'), the central portion (PC) of each bulkhead (1, 1', 2, 2') comprising a lower element (PCI) intended to cooperate with a lower portion of the central float of the plurality of central floats (C,C'); each hull portion arranged between a first bulkhead (1, 1') and a second bulkhead (2, 2') defining a one-piece hull portion (7, 7') so as to form a plurality of one-piece hull portions (7, 7').
- Hull according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that it comprises a fourth beam (8) arranged horizontally at the level of the rear portion of the hull (5) so as to be positioned between the first lateral float (D) and the second lateral float (G), said fourth beam (8) including a first end joining the fourth beam to the first lateral float (D) and a second end joining the fourth beam to the second lateral float (G).
- Craft comprising a hull (5) according to one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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FR1653179A FR3049923B1 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | CATAMARAN HULL WITH HYBRID STRUCTURE AND CRAFT USING SUCH HULL |
PCT/EP2017/058678 WO2017178485A1 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2017-04-11 | Catamaran hull of hybrid structure and craft using such a hull |
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CN114313100A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Bulkhead spacing arrangement method of vibration localization pressure hull |
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FR3049923B1 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2018-04-13 | Kayflo Developpement | CATAMARAN HULL WITH HYBRID STRUCTURE AND CRAFT USING SUCH HULL |
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US3221697A (en) * | 1962-08-04 | 1965-12-07 | Allegretti Pier Luigi | Boats with two or more hulls |
US3230918A (en) * | 1964-10-09 | 1966-01-25 | Arthur M Compton | Ski-catamaran boat |
FR2031701A5 (en) * | 1969-02-04 | 1970-11-20 | Bodinier Jacques | |
CA1265174A (en) * | 1985-04-09 | 1990-01-30 | Robert Jaffre | Ground effect vessel structure with lateral keels |
FR2588237B1 (en) * | 1985-10-08 | 1987-12-24 | Briand P | JUNCTION FRAME FOR CRUISE CATAMARAN |
NZ222572A (en) * | 1986-11-18 | 1990-03-27 | Leonard Jefferson Blee | Marine hull; recess in hull bottom vented to atmosphere |
DE19744291C2 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 2000-05-04 | Ernst Bullmer | Multi-hull watercraft of variable width |
US6640737B2 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2003-11-04 | William S. Chacon | Retractable multi-hulled watercraft |
DE10343078B4 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-08-18 | New-Logistics Gmbh | water craft |
CN201587530U (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-09-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇二研究所 | Small water plane catamaran provided with center opened watertight doors |
FR3049923B1 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2018-04-13 | Kayflo Developpement | CATAMARAN HULL WITH HYBRID STRUCTURE AND CRAFT USING SUCH HULL |
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CN114313100A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Bulkhead spacing arrangement method of vibration localization pressure hull |
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FR3049923B1 (en) | 2018-04-13 |
KR102258663B1 (en) | 2021-05-31 |
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CN109070972B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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US20190161143A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
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