EP3418450B1 - Tunnel cleaning device - Google Patents

Tunnel cleaning device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3418450B1
EP3418450B1 EP17177161.1A EP17177161A EP3418450B1 EP 3418450 B1 EP3418450 B1 EP 3418450B1 EP 17177161 A EP17177161 A EP 17177161A EP 3418450 B1 EP3418450 B1 EP 3418450B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaning
removal
pipes
discharge pipe
dirt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17177161.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3418450A1 (en
Inventor
Beat BRÜGGER
Matthias BRÜGGER
Thomas BRÜGGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bruegger Htb GmbH
Original Assignee
Bruegger Htb GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bruegger Htb GmbH filed Critical Bruegger Htb GmbH
Priority to EP17177161.1A priority Critical patent/EP3418450B1/en
Priority to US16/013,319 priority patent/US10850313B2/en
Publication of EP3418450A1 publication Critical patent/EP3418450A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3418450B1 publication Critical patent/EP3418450B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/005—Mobile installations, particularly for upkeeping in situ road or railway furniture, for instance road barricades, traffic signs; Mobile installations particularly for upkeeping tunnel walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/04—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • B08B9/049—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes having self-contained propelling means for moving the cleaning devices along the pipes, i.e. self-propelled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
    • B08B1/12—Brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
    • B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/04—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by a combination of operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
    • B08B9/035—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing by suction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/06—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/10—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track without taking-up track
    • E01B27/102—Removing unwanted material without removing the ballast
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0863—Apparatus loosening or removing the dirt by blowing and subsequently dislodging it at least partially by suction ; Combined suction and blowing nozzles
    • E01H1/0872—Apparatus loosening or removing the dirt by blowing and subsequently dislodging it at least partially by suction ; Combined suction and blowing nozzles with mechanical loosening or feeding instruments for the dirt to be removed pneumatically, e.g. brushes, scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/005—Nozzles or other outlets specially adapted for discharging one or more gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
    • B05B14/30—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material comprising enclosures close to, or in contact with, the object to be sprayed and surrounding or confining the discharged spray or jet but not the object to be sprayed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cleaning device for dry cleaning a tunnel, comprising a feed device for feeding an air flow to a surface to be cleaned, the feed device comprising an outlet opening through which the air flow exits the feed device.
  • the cleaning device further comprises a discharge device comprising at least one discharge pipe with a free end for extracting dirt or waste from the surface with the free end in a first direction.
  • the lanes of road and rail vehicles must be maintained regularly. This also includes cleaning the lanes. Maintaining lanes in rail vehicles includes, for example, regular grinding of the rails in order to prevent material fatigue caused by running surface defects. Such work creates a lot of fine dust and dirt, which is deposited in the rail bed and in the banquet of the road.
  • the cleaning vehicle includes a cleaning head that can be positioned over the road.
  • a cleaning head contains water nozzles that generate a water jet directed at the surface to be cleaned. Dirt and water are sucked up with a suction shoe and directed into a dirt container on the cleaning vehicle.
  • Another type of cleaning is dry cleaning. With this, the cleaning is not done with a liquid but only with air. This has the advantage that the devices in the tunnel are acted on in a mechanically more gentle manner and corrosion damage due to the moisture introduced is avoided.
  • Such a cleaning device mounted on a rail vehicle comprises a plurality of arms which project from the rail vehicle and point towards the tunnel walls.
  • a suction shoe is arranged at the respective outer ends of the arms in order to suck off the dirt from the tunnel walls and the tunnel ceiling.
  • the arms are adjustable in length, so that obstacles on the walls and ceiling can be avoided while driving by moving the arms towards the vehicle.
  • the rail vehicle also includes a further cleaning unit for cleaning the ballast next to the rails.
  • a suction pipe with a rectangular suction shoe can be lowered next to the rails towards the ballast.
  • the surface to be cleaned is blown off with compressed air.
  • Another cleaning device describes the EP0 887 470 A1 (Schörling-Brock GmbH).
  • This discloses a rail vehicle with a device for cleaning grooves in rails.
  • the device comprises a suction shoe that is moved a short distance above the rail.
  • a rotating brush is located close to the rear end of the suction shoe in the direction of travel to loosen the hard dirt in the groove.
  • the direction of rotation of the brush is opposite to the direction of travel, so that the dirt loosened by the brush is thrown in the direction of the suction shoe.
  • the brush and nozzle are adjustable in the direction perpendicular to the groove. This allows the brush and nozzle to be raised when cleaning switches.
  • Another cleaning device discloses the EP 2 635 614 A2 , which has the features of the preamble of claim 1 (Rodinia Technologies). It describes a device arranged on a rail vehicle for cleaning wall and floor surfaces, in particular in tunnels. Several such devices are arranged on the rail vehicle in such a way that the entire tunnel profile including the track superstructure can be detected.
  • the devices comprise a plurality of air nozzles for compressed air arranged on a common receptacle and a suction opening of a suction hood designed as a suction mouth; the air nozzles are directed obliquely at the surface to be cleaned. The angle of the air nozzles to the surface is adjustable. The same applies to the distance.
  • Sensors and a controller can be provided, in particular to automatically adjust the suction opening (and thus the nozzles) vertically in order to avoid a collision with obstacles.
  • the suction power is also adjustable, especially to avoid the provision of an unnecessarily high suction power.
  • Such known cleaning devices have a suction shoe with a relatively large cross-sectional area, which covers half or even the entire width of the track with the two tracks. This means that dirt can be sucked in in one pass over a relatively large area.
  • suction shoes are not very efficient. If thorough cleaning is to be achieved, i.e. as much as possible and, in particular, dust that is deeply buried in the gravel or underground, a very high suction power of several thousand kilowatts is required. A suction fan that provides such a performance generates a lot of heat. However, a large amount of heat in tunnels is problematic: It creates a fire hazard, can damage the infrastructure in the tunnel and worsens working conditions for workers and operating personnel in the tunnel.
  • An active lifting of the suction opening based on sensor signals is complex and leads to the fact that in the obstacle area, due to the increased distance from the surface to be cleaned, the cleaning takes place only partially or is omitted entirely.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a cleaning device belonging to the technical field mentioned at the outset which enables an efficient and at the same time thorough cleaning of a tunnel.
  • the feed device is arranged such that the air flow from the outlet opening in a second direction to the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe emerges from the feed device and strikes the surface, the first direction being at an angle between 45 ° and 80 ° , in particular at an angle between 60 ° and 70 °, is aligned with the second direction.
  • dry cleaning means cleaning with air or another gas, but essentially without the use of a liquid.
  • a gas is used to loosen the dirt from the surface, but a gas.
  • This statement refers to the loosening and collecting of dirt and waste. Even if a liquid is added to the collected dirt and waste in a later step, it is dry cleaning as long as essentially no liquid is applied to the surface to be cleaned.
  • surface includes not only the very top layer, but also areas that are immediately below the top layer.
  • a loose subsoil such as a ballast or gravel bed
  • the term surface also encompasses a lower-lying layer in the ballast or gravel bed spaced apart from an uppermost layer.
  • dirt and “waste” include all substances that do not belong to the road infrastructure and that are not intended to remain in the area of the road. These include, for example, dust, soot, lubricants, defective parts, clothing, food, packaging materials such as beverage bottles and plastic bags, plants, pests and insects.
  • the discharge pipe can basically have any cross section.
  • the discharge pipe can have a circular, oval, rectangular or cross-section with several corners.
  • the feed device preferably comprises a feed tube. This can also have any cross section, such as a circular, oval, rectangular or polygonal cross section.
  • dirt or waste is sucked off the surface in a first direction with the free end of the discharge pipe.
  • the first direction essentially corresponds to a longitudinal axis of the discharge pipe in the region of the free end of the discharge pipe.
  • the air flow exits the outlet opening in a second direction towards the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe from the supply device onto the surface.
  • the second direction is thus defined by the points that lie in the spatial center of the air jet, which is located between the outlet opening and the surface.
  • the expression "towards the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe” means that a first distance between the center of the outlet opening and the center of the cross-sectional area of the opening in the free end of the discharge pipe is greater than a second distance between the central point of impact of the air jet on the surface and the center of the cross-sectional area of the opening in the free end of the discharge pipe.
  • the air jet thus runs in the direction of the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe.
  • the claimed angle between the first direction and the second direction corresponds to the smallest angle between these two directions.
  • the feed device is preferably designed to be arranged adjacent to the discharge pipe. This allows the air jet to be guided particularly close to the discharge pipe. The dirt and dust loosened and whirled up by the air jet can therefore be sucked up particularly well from the discharge pipe.
  • the distance between the center of the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening of the feed device and the center of the cross-sectional area of the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe is preferably less than 0.5 m, preferably less than 0.3 m.
  • the discharge pipe is preferably arranged such that it can be guided as close to the surface as possible.
  • the feed device is preferably arranged so that it can be guided as close to the surface as possible.
  • the cleaning device is preferably designed to clean a roadway and an area next to the roadway as well as the tunnel walls and possibly also the tunnel ceiling.
  • the cleaning device comprises several Cleaning units, preferably at least one for the roadway, at least one for the floor next to the roadway and at least one for the tunnel walls. These cleaning units or at least one or more of them include a feed device and a discharge device according to claim 1.
  • the discharge device comprises a plurality of discharge pipes for suction, preferably at least 10 discharge pipes per meter, particularly preferably at least 20 discharge pipes per meter. This means that the suction surface for sucking in dirt and waste can be increased, while a high suction capacity is guaranteed for each pipe. This enables the surface to be cleaned efficiently.
  • the discharge pipes are arranged in a row next to each other.
  • the discharge pipes are preferably arranged next to one another, so that the discharge pipes abut one another and touch one another. With this arrangement, a particularly efficient cleaning of the surface can be achieved.
  • the cleaning device is mounted on a vehicle, the discharge pipes are preferably arranged in a row next to one another in a direction transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle.
  • the discharge pipes are at a mutual distance from one another which preferably does not exceed 10 cm, particularly preferably 5 cm.
  • the discharge pipes comprise an end element at an end of the discharge pipe directed towards the cleaning surface, the end element being movable relative to the feed device.
  • the opening for sucking off dirt or waste is preferably located at the free end of the end element.
  • the end element can be pivoted, linearly displaceable and / or rotatable relative to the feed device, for example.
  • the opening can be positioned relative to the surface to be cleaned so that as much dirt and waste as possible can be sucked up.
  • the end element can also be optimally positioned in relation to the feed device, so that the loosened dirt and whirled up by the air flow can be sucked up as efficiently as possible through the opening in the end element.
  • the end element is preferably made of a rigid material such as sheet metal or the like. As a result, the opening at the free end keeps its shape, so that a reliable suction of the dirt from the surface is made possible.
  • the end element of a first discharge pipe of the plurality of discharge pipes is movable relative to an end element of a second discharge pipe of the plurality of discharge pipes.
  • the cleaning device can be tailored precisely to the surface to be cleaned. For example, several individual discharge pipes can be raised or positioned at an angle to the surface in order to achieve better cleaning.
  • this adjustability means that recesses and depressions in the surface to be cleaned can also be sucked off by positioning one or more individual discharge pipes in the depression. This enables efficient and thorough cleaning to be achieved even on uneven surfaces.
  • Each end element is preferably movable independently of the other end elements. This enables the greatest possible flexibility when adjusting the discharge pipes.
  • the end elements of a cleaning device for a substantially horizontal surface e.g. B. a rail bed or a banquet, adjustable in the vertical direction.
  • a cleaning device for a substantially horizontal surface e.g. B. a rail bed or a banquet
  • the free ends of the end elements can be positioned relative to the surface to be cleaned in a simple manner.
  • the maximum adjustability of a first end element relative to a second end element is preferably at least 20 cm, preferably between 25 cm and 30 cm, in the vertical direction. With such an adjustability, the cleaning device can be adapted as best as possible to obstacles or depressions in the surface.
  • the discharge pipe preferably has an inside diameter of 5 to 30 cm, preferably an inside diameter of 8 to 20 cm. Such a diameter allows a sufficiently large suction surface and still a flexible use of the discharge pipe.
  • the discharge pipe is small enough, for example, to be lowered between rails in a switch or into a recess. This means that even corners or narrow areas can still be cleaned thoroughly. Nevertheless, this size of the inner diameter enables efficient suction, since the cross-section of the discharge pipe is also large enough to not only pick up dust but also larger objects such as packaging or plastic beverage bottles.
  • the discharge pipe preferably comprises a flexible area in the suction direction after the end element and a rigid area adjoining the flexible area, so that the end element can be pivoted relative to the rigid area of the discharge pipe.
  • the flexible area enables the end element to be pushed out of its position for a short time, for example by an obstacle, when the discharge pipes are moved along the surface during cleaning. This can prevent the end elements of the discharge pipes from being damaged, and a good cleaning result can be achieved even without active control by setting a small distance between the discharge pipes and the surface to be cleaned and the discharge pipes if necessary due to the mechanical contact between the End elements and the surface to be cleaned are moved away.
  • the end elements are made of a robust material so that they are not damaged by the mechanical contact.
  • the feed device preferably comprises a plurality of feed tubes for feeding the air flow.
  • the air flow can be supplied to the surface to be cleaned in a simple manner.
  • a first feed tube is preferably arranged on a first side next to the discharge tube and a second feed tube is arranged on a second side of the discharge tube opposite the first side. This allows the dirt or dust to be blown from two sides towards the discharge pipe. If the cleaning device is moved relative to the surface and the feed pipes are arranged in front of and behind the discharge pipe in the direction of movement, the dirt can first be detached from the surface by a first air stream from a first feed pipe and then the remaining dirt from the second air stream from the second Feed pipe are detected and blown towards the discharge pipe. This enables particularly thorough cleaning.
  • the first side lies next to the discharge device on which the first feed pipe is arranged, in the direction of travel of the vehicle behind the discharge pipe, while the second side of the discharge device on which the second feed pipe is arranged lies opposite the first side Direction of travel is in front of the discharge pipe.
  • a third feed tube is preferably arranged on a third side next to the discharge tube and a fourth feed tube is arranged on a fourth side opposite the third side. This allows the dirt to be blown from four sides towards the discharge pipe. This increases the area of the surface that is captured by the cleaning device.
  • the third and fourth sides with respect to the discharge pipe each lie transversely to the direction of travel of the rail vehicle.
  • the feed device can also have only one feed tube.
  • the feed device can also comprise no feed tube at all. In this case, the air flow is led directly from an air pressure source to the surface through an outlet opening.
  • a brush is preferably arranged in an end region of the discharge pipe for brushing off the surface to be cleaned.
  • the end region of the discharge pipe is the region of the discharge pipe facing the surface to be cleaned.
  • the brush is a roller brush.
  • the roller brush preferably comprises a rigid core and elastic bristles arranged around the core. The use of a roller brush enables the surface to be brushed off easily, in particular if the cleaning device is mounted on a vehicle and the discharge pipes are moved along the surface.
  • the brush comprises a plurality of bristles which are arranged in a stationary manner on the discharge pipe and, for example, enclose the opening of the discharge pipe on at least 3 sides (ie over an angle of 270 °).
  • the dust can be mechanically detached from the surface in the direction of travel, on the other hand, there is a flexible limitation of the air duct to the discharge pipe.
  • the cleaning device preferably forms part of a cleaning module, which also comprises a compressed air source for generating an air pressure in the supply device, a suction device for generating a negative pressure in the discharge device and a container for receiving the extracted dirt and waste.
  • the compressed air source advantageously generates an air pressure in the supply device of at least 400,000 Pa (4 bar), preferably of at least 550,000 Pa (5.5 bar).
  • the volume flow generated by the compressed air source for the feed device is preferably between 2,000 m 3 / h and 8,000 m 3 / h.
  • the effective total volume flow at the outlet openings of the feed device will be somewhat lower due to the action of the feed lines.
  • the suction power generated by the suction device for the discharge device is preferably between 20,000 m 3 / h and 60,000 m 3 / h.
  • the effective total suction power due to filters and other elements, the discharge pipes of the discharge device will be slightly smaller.
  • the cleaning module comprises a chamber, formed by four side walls and a cover, at least one lower end region of the discharge device and one lower end region of the feed device being enclosed by the chamber, a pressure which can be generated in the chamber being lower than the atmospheric pressure.
  • the chamber does not have to be hermetically sealed, but only enables a vacuum to be generated using a suitable suction device. Values of the negative pressure of 40,000 Pa or more can advantageously be achieved in such a chamber.
  • the chamber can be formed, for example, by a wall running around the side with flexible aprons and a cover. Accordingly, “enclosed by the chamber” means that there is an element in the space which is delimited by the four side walls, the lid and the surface to be cleaned. With the help of the chamber, it can be ensured that in the effective area of the same, detached and possibly whirled up dirt is not transported to other areas.
  • the cleaning module comprises a detection device for detecting obstacles, an evaluation unit and a drive for adjusting the discharge device in the vertical direction relative to the feed device.
  • the detection device is designed to send signals to the evaluation unit and the evaluation unit is designed to control the drive as a function of the signals.
  • the drive preferably enables the adjustment of individual discharge pipes (or small groups of such discharge pipes) of the discharge device, so that lifting can only take place directly in the area of an obstacle, while suction continues unchanged in other areas.
  • the discharge device can also be controlled as a function of the signals from the detection device.
  • the detection device can be based on different principles and combine several detection principles with one another. These include optical detection by means of cameras, ultrasound sensors, radar sensors, inductive sensors, etc. It is also conceivable to use mechanical sensors that include sensors, as well as force sensors that determine the effects on the sensors.
  • the cleaning module according to the invention is used in particular on a rail vehicle.
  • the cleaning module or the cleaning device are particularly well suited for cleaning rail tunnels, in particular the rails, the rail bed, the banquet and the tunnel wall, in the dry cleaning process.
  • the rail vehicle advantageously has at least four wheels, each with a tread, the free end of the discharge pipe being able to be lowered at least 15 cm, preferably at least 30 cm, in the vertical direction beyond the lowest point on the tread of a wheel, so that the free end is positioned just above the surface to be cleaned. This enables thorough cleaning of the rail bed between the rails and outside the rails.
  • the feed device is preferably arranged and designed such that the free end of the feed device can be lowered by up to 10 cm, preferably up to 5 cm, to a surface on which the rail of the rail vehicle rests.
  • the feed device and the discharge pipes are displaceable relative to the vehicle in the transverse direction to the direction of travel of the vehicle. This enables adaptation to the geometry of the system to be cleaned. An adjustment in the transverse direction may be necessary in particular if different traces of multi-lane tunnels are cleaned.
  • the discharge pipes and / or the feed pipes are divided into two or more groups, which can be moved individually in the transverse direction. If the arrangement is not overlapping, the working area is at a maximum, while it is reduced if the arrangement overlaps in the transverse direction.
  • At least one discharge pipe is moved by a plurality of discharge pipes of the discharge device during cleaning of the tunnel in a direction different from the longitudinal axis of the tunnel relative to the surface and relative to a further one of the discharge pipes.
  • the movement can take place through a direct mechanical interaction between the discharge pipe (in particular an end element of the discharge pipe) and elements of the device to be cleaned and / or actively controlled on the basis of sensor data.
  • the Figure 1A shows a view of a cross section through a railway tunnel in which a rail vehicle 10 according to the invention is located.
  • the rail vehicle 10 is shown from behind.
  • the rail vehicle 10 comprises a number of carriages.
  • a cleaning module 1 according to the invention is arranged on a trolley. This includes a cleaning device comprising a cleaning unit tunnel wall 100, a cleaning unit banquet 200 and a cleaning unit rail bed 300.
  • the cleaning devices each include a feed device for supplying an air stream to the surface to be cleaned and a discharge device with discharge pipes for suctioning dirt and waste from the surface in the tunnel .
  • the cleaning module 1 comprises a blower for generating a negative pressure in the discharge pipes, a compressor for generating an air pressure in supply lines of the supply devices of the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 and a dirt container 13 for collecting and collecting the soiled dirt and waste, which can be seen in FIG Figure 1B .
  • the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 are connected to the dirt container 13 by means of flexible pipelines 11.
  • a driver's cab 14 is also housed on the same car.
  • a user can control the cleaning units 100, 200, 300.
  • the rail vehicle 10 further comprises a flat car on which further dirt containers 13 are accommodated, which can be exchanged with the dirt container 13, which is connected to the cleaning devices 100, 200, 300.
  • Other wagons of the rail vehicle 10 include passenger cabins or storage space.
  • the carriage of the rail vehicle 10 on which the cleaning unit 300 is arranged can be seen. It can be seen in this illustration that the dirt container 13 is arranged on the carriage in the direction of travel 2 in front of the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed.
  • the driver's cab 14 is located on the carriage in the direction of travel 2 behind the cleaning unit 300.
  • the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 are positioned relative to a surface 20 to be cleaned in the tunnel and the blower and the compressor are switched on.
  • the rail vehicle 10 then moves through the tunnel at walking pace, the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 being guided along the inner tunnel surfaces.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 each show a schematic representation of the three cleaning units 100, 200, 300 for the tunnel wall, for the banquet and for the rail bed. The function of these cleaning units is described in detail below.
  • the Figure 2A schematically shows the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall.
  • the Figure 2B shows a side view that Figure 2C an oblique view of the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall.
  • this cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall comprises a feed device in the form of feed tubes 110 for feeding an air stream 130 to the surface to be cleaned.
  • each feed pipe 110 comprises a nozzle 113, through which an air flow exits the feed pipe 110 and is guided in a focused manner onto the surface 20 to be cleaned.
  • the cleaning unit 100 also includes a discharge device with a discharge pipe 120 for removing dirt or waste from the surface.
  • the discharge pipe comprises a suction mouth 122 at its free end 121 directed towards the surface.
  • a brush 123 surrounding the suction mouth 122 is arranged at this free end 121 of the discharge pipe, which brush brushes the surface 20 to be cleaned during operation of the cleaning unit 100 and the suction channel at least partially limited in the direction of travel 2.
  • the feed pipe 110 is pivotally mounted on the discharge pipe 120 with a joint 112 in the region of the free end of the discharge pipe 121, so that the free end of the feed pipe 111 can be pivoted relative to the free end of the discharge pipe 121.
  • the suction mouth 122 of the discharge pipe 120 is preferably substantially rectangular or oblong oval and has a rear long side in the direction of travel 2 a plurality of supply pipes 110, so that a plurality of air streams 130 are directed onto the surface 20 to be cleaned per discharge pipe 120.
  • the suction mouth 122 is connected to the dirt container 13 and the blower on the rail vehicle 10 via the discharge pipe, which is designed as a flexible discharge pipe. The sucked-up dirt and waste is thus sucked up by the suction mouth 122 and reaches the dirt container 13 through the discharge pipeline.
  • the cleaning module 1 comprises a holding device with a drive (not shown) for the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall.
  • the discharge pipe 120 and the feed pipes 110 of the cleaning unit tunnel wall are held on the rail vehicle 10 by means of the holding device.
  • the holding device comprises a telescopic arm which is mounted at an inner end on the rail vehicle 10 and carries at its outer end the free end of the discharge pipe 121 and the feed pipes 110 mounted on the discharge pipe.
  • the free end of the discharge pipe 121 is adjustable relative to the rail vehicle 10.
  • the free end of the discharge pipe 121 can be adjusted with the suction mouth 122 transversely to the direction of travel of the rail vehicle 10 away from the rail vehicle 10 or towards the rail vehicle.
  • the free end of the discharge pipe 121 can be pivoted about an axis of rotation.
  • This adjustability enables the cleaning unit 100 to be aligned precisely with the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling, so that the brush 123 touches the surface 20.
  • This setting is made by means of the drive of the holding device.
  • the drive each includes an electric motor for inserting and removing the telescopic arm and for pivoting the free end of the discharge pipe 121.
  • the electric motors can be controlled by the operator in the driver's cab 14 of the rail vehicle 10 or by an automatic control.
  • the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall is guided to the surface 20 of the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling, so that the brush 123 touches the surface 20 of the tunnel. Since the brush 123 comprises flexible bristles, small obstacles such as cable ducts and signs can be passed over with the brush 123 without the cleaning unit 100 having to be moved away from the surface 20. Since the feed pipes 110 are movably mounted on the discharge pipe 120, they are at the Driving over obstacles briefly pushed away from the surface 20 and thereby take no damage.
  • the brush 123 attached to the free end of the discharge pipe 121 is partially arranged in front of the suction mouth 122 of the discharge pipe 120, it first brushes off the surface 20 to be cleaned before the suction mouth 122 sucks off the dust and the loosened dirt particles. So that the dust and the loosened dirt are sucked in by the discharge pipe 120, the fan of the cleaning module on the rail vehicle 10 generates a negative pressure, so that a suction flow occurs at the free end of the discharge pipe 121.
  • the total suction power of the blower is approx. 90,000 m 3 / h.
  • the air flow 130 guided in the feed pipes 110 is under a pressure of approximately 6,000 Pa. This pressure is generated by the compressor on the rail vehicle 10.
  • the air flow 130 exits through the nozzle 113 of the feed pipe 110 and strikes the surface 20 to be cleaned in the direction of the suction mouth 122 of the discharge pipe 120. This removes the dirt from the surface 20 on the one hand and blows it in the direction of the suction mouth 122 on the other hand.
  • the longitudinal axis of an end region of the feed pipe 110 is at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of an end region of the discharge pipe 120. The orientation of the end region of the discharge pipe 120 removes the dust and dirt from the surface in a first direction.
  • the air flow 130 which emerges from the outlet opening of the feed pipe 110, is directed towards the suction mouth 122 of the free end of the discharge pipe 121 and strikes the surface in a second direction.
  • the first direction is oriented at an angle between 45 ° and 80 ° to the second direction.
  • this cleaning unit 101 for the tunnel wall is shown.
  • this cleaning unit 101 comprises a rotating brush roller 102.
  • the brush roller 102 is driven by an electric motor 103 which is arranged on a housing of the brush roller 102.
  • the brush roller 102 rotates in a direction opposite to the direction of travel 2 of the rail vehicle 10. This can also dirt from the surface of the tunnel wall or tunnel ceiling, which adheres very strongly to the surface.
  • the Figure 3 schematically represents the cleaning unit 200 for the rail banquet.
  • This comprises a feed device in the form of a feed pipe 210 and a discharge device in the form of a discharge pipe 220, which has a suction opening 222 at its free end 221.
  • the feed pipe 210 is immovably connected to the free end 221 of the discharge pipe 220 (not shown).
  • the longitudinal axis of the end portion of the discharge tube 220 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the surface 20 of the tunnel.
  • the supplied air flow 230 emerges in the front region of the feed pipe 210 through a nozzle 213 and strikes the surface 20 to be cleaned in the direction of the suction opening 222 of the discharge pipe 220.
  • the feed pipe 210 is located behind the discharge pipe 220, viewed in the direction of travel, the emerging air flow 230 being guided in the direction of travel 2 to the surface 20.
  • the angle between the direction in which the air flow 230 occurs on the surface and the direction in which the dirt is sucked off from the discharge pipe 220 is in a range between 45 ° and 80 °.
  • the dirt in the banquet is loosened by the supplied air flow 230 and suctioned off with the suction opening 222 of the discharge pipe 220.
  • the suction opening 222 has a circular cross section, preferably with an inner diameter between 20 cm and 40 cm.
  • the discharge pipe 220 has in the region of its free end 221 an end portion 224 made of a rigid material, such as. B. steel sheet. This end section 224 is conical (in Figure 3 not shown) and connected via a flexible discharge pipe to the dirt container 13 and the blower on the rail vehicle 10.
  • the end section 224 is fastened to a structure of the rail vehicle 10 by means of two chains in such a way that the end section 224 and thus the suction opening 222 and the free end of the feed pipe 211 can be adjusted in the vertical direction relative to the banquet.
  • the Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed. This comprises a plurality of feed pipes 310 and a plurality of discharge pipes 320.
  • the feed pipes 310 are arranged in front of and behind the discharge pipes 320 as seen in the direction of travel and laterally to the side of the discharge pipes 320 as seen in FIGS Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the discharge pipes 320 are arranged in two rows next to one another transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed comprises two groups of 15 discharge pipes 320 each in the form of discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2. This arrangement of the discharge pipes 320 is shown in FIGS Figures 5 and 7 can be seen and described in detail below.
  • Each discharge pipe 320 has an inner diameter of 10 cm, the outer diameter is slightly larger.
  • the maximum width covered by the discharge pipes 320 is more than 4 m.
  • each discharge pipe 320 comprises an end element 325 in the region of its free end, which is formed from a rigid material, such as sheet steel.
  • the end element 325 has a circular cross section and forms a suction mouth 322 for suctioning the dirt and waste from the surface.
  • a flexible section 326 is arranged behind the end element 325, which comprises a bellows, which enables a length contraction (cf. Figures 5 - 7 ).
  • the flexible sections 326 of a plurality of discharge pipes 320 are connected to a hood 327.
  • the hood 327 forms with the discharge pipes 320 a discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2, which preferably comprises 10-15 discharge pipes 320.
  • the hood 327 of each discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 is each connected to the dirt container 13 and the blower on the rail vehicle 10 via a main discharge pipe 351.
  • the end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320 can be raised and lowered individually and independently of the other end elements 325 in the vertical direction with cable pulls relative to the hood 327.
  • This adjustment takes place in that an end element 325 is raised or lowered in the vertical direction by means of two cables which are fastened to the end element 325.
  • the cables can be operated by the operator in the driver's cab 14 in order to be able to adjust the end elements 325 during operation.
  • the End elements 325 can also be raised or lowered by means of an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drive.
  • a single end element 325 can be raised up to a maximum of 30 cm relative to the other end elements 325.
  • the end elements 325 can be raised or lowered individually and independently of one another in the area of a switch or in the case of an obstacle, in order thereby to clean the surface precisely.
  • the hood 327 together with the discharge pipes 320 as a whole is adjustable relative to the rail vehicle 10. This adjustment option is described below in connection with the Figures 5 and 6 described in detail.
  • the flexible section 326 also allows the respective discharge pipe 320 to be pivoted when its end element 325 touches an obstacle.
  • a chamber 340 This includes four side walls and a lid.
  • a vacuum of around 40,000 Pa can be generated in chamber 340.
  • the lower portions of the side walls of chamber 340 are formed from elastic aprons. As a result, the entire chamber 340 with the cleaning unit 300 can be lowered onto the rail bed, so that the elastic aprons are pressed away by the rails in the region of the rails.
  • the feed pipes 310 of the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed serve to remove the dirt from the surface to be cleaned with an air flow 330.
  • the loosened dirt is sucked off from the surface in a first direction by the suction mouth 322 of the discharge pipes 320.
  • the air flow 330 which emerges from a nozzle 313 in the feed pipe 310, is directed towards the suction jaws 322 and strikes the surface in a second direction.
  • the first direction is oriented at an angle between 45 ° and 80 ° to the second direction.
  • the Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the cleaning unit 300 according to the invention for the rail bed, mounted on the rail vehicle 10.
  • a section is marked with a circle, which in the Figure 6 is shown enlarged.
  • the chamber 340 can be seen, which is arranged on an underside of the rail vehicle 10 and has a rectangular base area.
  • the delimiting border of the chamber 340 comprises four vertically oriented side walls, which are formed by elastic aprons (cf. Figure 6 ). They are arranged in two halves, which can be adjusted relative to each other in the horizontal direction, transversely to the direction of travel. The base area or the volume of the chamber 340 can thereby be changed.
  • the aprons are attached to a frame-like linkage 341.
  • the chamber is closed at the top by a (transparent) cover.
  • the feed pipes 310 are arranged along the four side walls of the chamber 340.
  • the Figures 5 - 8 only the foremost areas of the free ends of the feed pipes 310 are shown.
  • the feed pipes 310 are fastened to the frame-like linkage 341 and are pivotable so that they are pivoted away when they touch an obstacle.
  • the respective outlets of the feed pipes 310 point towards the center of the chamber 340 to the discharge pipes 320 arranged there.
  • the two discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 also open into the chamber 340.
  • the hood 327 of the discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 is connected to the frame-like linkage 341 of the chamber 340.
  • the main discharge pipes 351 can be seen, which each connect the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.1 to the dirt container 13.
  • the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed comprises an adjusting device 370 for adjusting the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 relative to the rail vehicle 10.
  • the adjusting device 370 contains two transverse linear guides, along which the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 can be displaced transversely to the direction of travel of the rail vehicle 10 are.
  • the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 are moved manually by hand or by means of an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drive. In this way, each discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 can be moved outwards on one side from the center of the vehicle. In doing so the two halves of chamber 340 are also displaced outwards relative to one another.
  • the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 can be moved outwards from the center of the vehicle until the rows of discharge pipes 320 no longer overlap when viewed in the direction of travel, so that all discharge pipes 320 are arranged next to one another, as shown in FIG Figure 7 .
  • the adjustment device 370 also includes hoists with which the chamber 340 can be lowered or raised in the vertical direction of the rail bed together with both discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2.
  • each discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 includes the above in connection with Figure 4 described cable pulls in order to be able to adjust the end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320 individually and independently of one another.
  • the adjusting device 370 also includes electric motors to actuate the cable pulls and to move the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 along the guides.
  • the electric motors can be controlled by the operator from the driver's cab 14.
  • the cable pulls for the individual discharge pipes 340 can also be actuated from the driver's cab 14.
  • the end elements 325 can also be raised or lowered by means of an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drive.
  • the operator can control the compressor for generating the air pressure in the supply pipes 110, 210, 310 and the fan for generating the suction power in the discharge pipes 120, 220, 320 from the driver's cab 14.
  • the compressor generates an air pressure of 600,000 Pa and reaches a volume flow of approx. 2,100 m 3 / h.
  • the blower achieves a suction power of 90,000 m 3 / h.
  • Figure 6 shows the position of the rail bed cleaning unit 300 in a standby position in which the chamber 340 is raised
  • Figure 7 the position of the rail bed cleaning unit 300 during cleaning of the rail bed, with the chamber 340 in a lowered cleaning position.
  • the two halves of the chamber 340 are pushed apart relative to one another transversely to the direction of travel and the two discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 are also mutually transverse to the direction of travel moved apart so that the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 are arranged next to one another and the discharge pipes 320 can thereby cover a maximum width of the rail bed.
  • the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed can be lowered such that the free ends of the feed pipes 310 and the discharge pipes 320 are close, preferably up to 2 cm, above the ballast bed or the fixed bed of the rails. Due to the arrangement of the discharge pipes 320 described and the possibility of adjusting the individual end elements 325, the rail bed can also be cleaned thoroughly in the area of a switch, since the end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320 can be raised or lowered individually in order to match the suction surface exactly to the surface.
  • the end elements 325 can be adjusted manually. In a further embodiment, however, the adjustment can also be automated.
  • the cleaning module 300 comprises sensors arranged upstream of the discharge pipes 320 in the direction of travel for detecting the rail bed and a control unit for evaluating the sensor signals and for controlling the adjusting device 370.
  • the surface is continuously monitored by the sensors while the vehicle is traveling. If an obstacle is detected, the control unit adjusts the individual end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320. For example, individual end elements 325 are raised when the rail vehicle 10 is driving over a switch or a larger obstacle is in the way.
  • the Figure 8 shows a view of the cleaning unit 300 transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the feed pipes 310 which are arranged along the edge of the chamber 340, can be seen. Their mouths are positioned below a rolling plane defined by the rail head 23.
  • the aprons, which form the side walls of the chamber 340, also extend almost to the fixed track 22, so that a vacuum can be built up within the chamber 340 with a relatively low suction power.
  • Some of the feed pipes 310 are arranged on the outside of the chamber 340 on the frame-like linkage 341. Their mouth points to the lowest area of the tunnel wall 21. The compressed air released through these feed pipes releases dust and dirt in this area. Due to the negative pressure in the chamber 340, this dust and dirt is sucked inward into the chamber 340 and thus removed.
  • the cleaning device according to the invention enables an efficient and at the same time thorough cleaning of a tunnel.

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  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Reinigungsvorrichtung zum Trockenreinigen eines Tunnels, umfassend eine Zuführeinrichtung zum Zuführen eines Luftstroms zu einer zu reinigenden Oberfläche, wobei die Zuführeinrichtung eine Austrittsöffnung umfasst, durch die der Luftstrom aus der Zuführeinrichtung austritt. Die Reinigungsvorrichtung umfasst weiter eine Abführeinrichtung umfassend mindestens ein Abführrohr mit einem freien Ende zum Absaugen von Schmutz oder Abfall von der Oberfläche mit dem freien Ende in einer ersten Richtung.The invention relates to a cleaning device for dry cleaning a tunnel, comprising a feed device for feeding an air flow to a surface to be cleaned, the feed device comprising an outlet opening through which the air flow exits the feed device. The cleaning device further comprises a discharge device comprising at least one discharge pipe with a free end for extracting dirt or waste from the surface with the free end in a first direction.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Für einen reibungslosen Verkehr müssen die Fahrbahnen von Strassen- und Schienenfahrzeugen regelmässig unterhalten werden. Dazu gehört auch das Reinigen der Fahrbahnen. Zum Unterhalt von Fahrbahnen bei Schienenfahrzeugen gehört beispielsweise das regelmässige Abschleifen der Schienen, um einer Materialermüdung durch Fahrflächenfehler vorzubeugen. Bei solchen Arbeiten entsteht viel Feinstaub und Schmutz, der sich im Schienenbett und im Bankett der Fahrbahn ablagert.For smooth traffic, the lanes of road and rail vehicles must be maintained regularly. This also includes cleaning the lanes. Maintaining lanes in rail vehicles includes, for example, regular grinding of the rails in order to prevent material fatigue caused by running surface defects. Such work creates a lot of fine dust and dirt, which is deposited in the rail bed and in the banquet of the road.

Insbesondere in Tunneln kann Schmutz und ganz besonders Feinstaub auf der Fahrbahn, an den Tunnelwänden und an der Tunneldecke die Elektronik der vorbeifahrenden Fahrzeuge beeinträchtigen oder gar zu Ausfällen der Elektronik führen. Daher ist es in Tunneln, wo der Staub nicht entweichen kann, besonders wichtig, dass die Fahrbahn und die übrigen Oberflächen in regelmässigen Abständen von Staub und Abfall befreit werden.In tunnels in particular, dirt and especially particulate matter on the road, on the tunnel walls and on the tunnel ceiling can impair the electronics of the passing vehicles or even lead to electronics failures. It is therefore particularly important in tunnels where the dust cannot escape that the roadway and the other surfaces are cleaned of dust and waste at regular intervals.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind hierzu unterschiedliche Reinigungsprinzipien bekannt. So kann beispielsweise eine Nassreinigung erfolgen. Dazu umfasst das Reinigungsfahrzeug einen Reinigungskopf, der über der Fahrbahn positionierbar ist. Ein solcher Reinigungskopf beinhaltet Wasserdüsen, die einen auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche gerichteten Wasserstrahl erzeugen. Mit einem Saugschuh werden Schmutz und Wasser aufgesaugt und in einen Schmutzbehälter auf dem Reinigungsfahrzeug geleitet.For this purpose, different cleaning principles are known from the prior art. For example, wet cleaning can be carried out. For this purpose, the cleaning vehicle includes a cleaning head that can be positioned over the road. Such a cleaning head contains water nozzles that generate a water jet directed at the surface to be cleaned. Dirt and water are sucked up with a suction shoe and directed into a dirt container on the cleaning vehicle.

Eine andere Reinigungsart ist die Trockenreinigung. Bei dieser erfolgt die Reinigung nicht mit einer Flüssigkeit sondern nur mit Luft. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass auf die Einrichtungen im Tunnel mechanisch schonender eingewirkt wird und Korrosionsschäden aufgrund eingebrachter Feuchtigkeit vermieden werden.Another type of cleaning is dry cleaning. With this, the cleaning is not done with a liquid but only with air. This has the advantage that the devices in the tunnel are acted on in a mechanically more gentle manner and corrosion damage due to the moisture introduced is avoided.

Reinigungsvorrichtungen für eine solche Trockenreinigung von Eisenbahntunnels vertreibt beispielsweise die Firma Hilton Kommunal GmbH, Gehrden (Deutschland). Eine solche auf einem Schienenfahrzeug montierte Reinigungseinrichtung umfasst mehrere vom Schienenfahrzeug abstehende zu den Tunnelwänden weisende Arme. An den jeweiligen äusseren Enden der Arme ist ein Saugschuh angeordnet, um den Schmutz von den Tunnelwänden und der Tunneldecke abzusaugen. Die Arme sind in ihrer Länge verstellbar, so dass während der Fahrt Hindernissen an den Wänden und der Decke ausgewichen werden kann, indem die Arme gegen das Fahrzeug hin eingefahren werden.Cleaning devices for such dry cleaning of railway tunnels are sold, for example, by Hilton Kommunal GmbH, Gehrden (Germany). Such a cleaning device mounted on a rail vehicle comprises a plurality of arms which project from the rail vehicle and point towards the tunnel walls. A suction shoe is arranged at the respective outer ends of the arms in order to suck off the dirt from the tunnel walls and the tunnel ceiling. The arms are adjustable in length, so that obstacles on the walls and ceiling can be avoided while driving by moving the arms towards the vehicle.

Das Schienenfahrzeug umfasst zudem eine weitere Reinigungseinheit zur Reinigung des Schotters neben den Schienen. Hierzu kann ein Absaugrohr mit einem rechteckförmigen Saugschuh neben den Schienen zum Schotter hin abgesenkt werden. Zudem wird die zu reinigende Oberfläche mit Druckluft abgeblasen.The rail vehicle also includes a further cleaning unit for cleaning the ballast next to the rails. For this purpose, a suction pipe with a rectangular suction shoe can be lowered next to the rails towards the ballast. In addition, the surface to be cleaned is blown off with compressed air.

Eine andere Reinigungseinrichtung beschreibt die EP0 887 470 A1 (Schörling-Brock GmbH). Diese offenbart ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Rillen in Schienen. Die Vorrichtung umfasst einen Saugschuh, der in geringem Abstand über der Schiene bewegt wird. In Fahrtrichtung befindet sich dicht am hinteren Ende des Saugschuhs eine rotierende Bürste, um den in der Rille befindlichen harten Schmutz zu lösen. Die Drehrichtung der Bürste ist entgegengesetzt zur Fahrtrichtung, so dass der durch die Bürste gelöste Schmutz in Richtung Saugschuh geschleudert wird. Ferner befindet sich in Fahrtrichtung gesehen vor dem Saugschuh eine Düse, die einen auf den Boden der Rille gerichteten Reinigungsstrom in Form eines Druckluft-Wasser-Gemisches erzeugen kann. Die Bürste und die Düse sind in senkrechter Richtung zur Rille verstellbar. Dadurch können die Bürste und die Düse bei der Reinigung von Weichen angehoben werden.Another cleaning device describes the EP0 887 470 A1 (Schörling-Brock GmbH). This discloses a rail vehicle with a device for cleaning grooves in rails. The device comprises a suction shoe that is moved a short distance above the rail. A rotating brush is located close to the rear end of the suction shoe in the direction of travel to loosen the hard dirt in the groove. The direction of rotation of the brush is opposite to the direction of travel, so that the dirt loosened by the brush is thrown in the direction of the suction shoe. Furthermore, seen in the direction of travel, there is a nozzle in front of the suction shoe, which nozzle can produce a cleaning stream directed at the bottom of the groove in the form of a compressed air / water mixture. The brush and nozzle are adjustable in the direction perpendicular to the groove. This allows the brush and nozzle to be raised when cleaning switches.

Eine weitere Reinigungseinrichtung offenbart die EP 2 635 614 A2 , die die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 aufweist (Rodinia Technologies). Sie beschreibt eine an einem Schienenfahrzeug angeordnete Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Wand- und Bodenflächen, insbesondere in Tunneln. Mehrere solcher Vorrichtungen sind am Schienenfahrzeug derart angeordnet, dass das gesamte Tunnelprofil inklusive Gleisoberbau erfasst werden kann. Die Vorrichtungen umfassen mehrere an einer gemeinsamen Aufnahme angeordnete Luftdüsen für Druckluft sowie eine als Saugmund ausgeführte Absaugöffnung einer Absaughaube; die Luftdüsen sind schräg auf die zu reinigende Fläche gerichtet. Der Winkel der Luftdüsen zur Fläche ist einstellbar. Dasselbe gilt für den Abstand. Es können Sensoren und eine Steuerung vorgesehen sein, um insbesondere die Absaugöffnung (und damit die Düsen) automatisch vertikal zu verstellen, um eine Kollision mit Hindernissen zu vermeiden. Auch die Absaugleistung ist einstellbar, namentlich um die Bereitstellung einer unnötig hohen Absaugleistung zu vermeiden.Another cleaning device discloses the EP 2 635 614 A2 , which has the features of the preamble of claim 1 (Rodinia Technologies). It describes a device arranged on a rail vehicle for cleaning wall and floor surfaces, in particular in tunnels. Several such devices are arranged on the rail vehicle in such a way that the entire tunnel profile including the track superstructure can be detected. The devices comprise a plurality of air nozzles for compressed air arranged on a common receptacle and a suction opening of a suction hood designed as a suction mouth; the air nozzles are directed obliquely at the surface to be cleaned. The angle of the air nozzles to the surface is adjustable. The same applies to the distance. Sensors and a controller can be provided, in particular to automatically adjust the suction opening (and thus the nozzles) vertically in order to avoid a collision with obstacles. The suction power is also adjustable, especially to avoid the provision of an unnecessarily high suction power.

Solche bekannte Reinigungseinrichtungen haben einen Saugschuh mit einer relativ grossen Querschnittsfläche, welche die halbe oder gar die ganze Breite der Bahnspur mit den zwei Gleisen abdeckt. Dadurch kann zwar über eine relativ grosse Fläche Schmutz in einem Durchgang eingesaugt werden. Allerdings sind solche bekannten Saugschuhe nicht sehr effizient. Soll eine gründliche Reinigung erzielt werden, das heisst, möglichst viel und insbesondere auch tief im Schotter oder im Untergrund liegender Staub aufgesaugt werden, ist eine sehr hohe Saugleistung von mehreren tausend Kilowatt erforderlich. Ein Sauggebläse, welches eine solche Leistung erbringt, erzeugt viel Wärme. Eine grosse Wärmeentwicklung in Tunnels ist jedoch problematisch: Sie führt zu einer Brandgefahr, kann Schäden an der Infrastruktur im Tunnel verursachen und verschlechtert die Arbeitsbedingungen für Arbeiter und Bedienpersonal im Tunnel.Such known cleaning devices have a suction shoe with a relatively large cross-sectional area, which covers half or even the entire width of the track with the two tracks. This means that dirt can be sucked in in one pass over a relatively large area. However, such known suction shoes are not very efficient. If thorough cleaning is to be achieved, i.e. as much as possible and, in particular, dust that is deeply buried in the gravel or underground, a very high suction power of several thousand kilowatts is required. A suction fan that provides such a performance generates a lot of heat. However, a large amount of heat in tunnels is problematic: It creates a fire hazard, can damage the infrastructure in the tunnel and worsens working conditions for workers and operating personnel in the tunnel.

Ein aktives Anheben der Absaugöffnung gestützt auf Sensorsignale ist aufwendig und führt dazu, dass im Hindernisbereich aufgrund des vergrösserten Abstands zur zu reinigenden Fläche die Reinigung nur teilweise erfolgt oder ganz unterbleibt.An active lifting of the suction opening based on sensor signals is complex and leads to the fact that in the obstacle area, due to the increased distance from the surface to be cleaned, the cleaning takes place only partially or is omitted entirely.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine dem eingangs genannten technischen Gebiet zugehörende Reinigungsvorrichtung zu schaffen, die ein effizientes und gleichzeitig gründliches Reinigen eines Tunnels ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a cleaning device belonging to the technical field mentioned at the outset which enables an efficient and at the same time thorough cleaning of a tunnel.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 definiert. Gemäss der Erfindung ist die Zuführeinrichtung derart angeordnet, dass der Luftstrom aus der Austrittsöffnung in einer zweiten Richtung zur Öffnung des freien Endes des Abführrohrs hin aus der Zuführeinrichtung austritt und auf die Oberfläche auftrifft, wobei die erste Richtung in einem Winkel zwischen 45° und 80°, insbesondere in einem Winkel zwischen 60° und 70°, zur zweiten Richtung ausgerichtet ist.The solution to the problem is defined by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the feed device is arranged such that the air flow from the outlet opening in a second direction to the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe emerges from the feed device and strikes the surface, the first direction being at an angle between 45 ° and 80 ° , in particular at an angle between 60 ° and 70 °, is aligned with the second direction.

Da der Schmutz oder der Abfall durch den zugeführten Luftstrom nicht nur von der Oberfläche gelöst wird, wie bei bekannten Reinigungseinrichtungen, sondern der Luftstrom zu der Absaugrichtung hin geneigt ist, kann besonders viel Schmutz und Abfall abgelöst und anschliessend aufgesaugt werden. Das ermöglicht eine effiziente Reinigung des Tunnels. Bei der Entwicklung der Reinigungsvorrichtung hat sich gezeigt, dass dabei ein Winkel zwischen 45° und 80° besonders vorteilhaft ist. Das heisst, der von der Oberfläche gelöste Schmutz oder der Schmutz, der frei auf der Oberfläche aufliegt, wird im Wesentlichen zur Öffnung des freien Endes des Abführrohrs hin geblasen. Dadurch wird vermieden, dass der durch den Luftstrom aufgewirbelte oder gelöste Schmutz in einen Bereich neben das Abführrohr befördert wird, der vom Abführrohr nicht mehr erfasst wird und dadurch durch das freie Ende des Abführrohrs nicht aufgesaugt werden kann. Somit wird mit der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung der Zuführeinrichtung relativ zum freien Ende des Abführrohrs eine besonders gründliche Reinigung der Oberfläche ermöglicht.Since the dirt or waste is not only detached from the surface by the supplied air flow, as in known cleaning devices, but the air flow is inclined towards the suction direction, a particularly large amount of dirt and waste can be detached and then sucked up. This enables efficient cleaning of the tunnel. During the development of the cleaning device, it has been shown that an angle between 45 ° and 80 ° is particularly advantageous. That is, the dirt loosened from the surface or the dirt lying freely on the surface is essentially blown towards the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe. This avoids that the dirt whirled up or loosened by the air flow is conveyed into an area next to the discharge pipe, which is no longer captured by the discharge pipe and can therefore not be sucked up by the free end of the discharge pipe. Thus, with the arrangement of the feed device according to the invention relative to the free end of the discharge pipe, a particularly thorough cleaning of the surface is made possible.

Bei der Reinigung von Schienenwegen mit Schotterbett hat sich zusätzlich gezeigt, dass die Einwirkung eines Luftstrahls in der genannten Richtung auch bei grosser Saugleistung verhindert, dass Schotter aufgesaugt wird. Nennenswerte Umlagerungen von Schotter aufgrund der Lufteinwirkung wurden bei der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung nicht festgestellt.When cleaning railroad tracks with a ballast bed, it has also been shown that the action of an air jet in the direction mentioned prevents ballast from being vacuumed up even with high suction power. No noteworthy rearrangements of ballast due to the influence of air were not found in the device according to the invention.

Unter Trockenreinigung wird in der vorliegenden Beschreibung eine Reinigung mit Luft oder einem anderen Gas, jedoch im Wesentlichen ohne Einsatz einer Flüssigkeit verstanden. Das bedeutet, zum Lösen des Schmutzes von der Oberfläche wird im Gegensatz zur Nassreinigung keine Flüssigkeit, sondern ein Gas verwendet. Dabei bezieht sich diese Aussage auf das Lösen und Einsammeln von Schmutz und Abfall. Auch wenn dem eingesammelten Schmutz und Abfall in einem späteren Schritt eine Flüssigkeit zugeführt wird, handelt es sich um eine Trockenreinigung, solange im Wesentlichen keine Flüssigkeit auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche aufgetragen wird.In the present description, dry cleaning means cleaning with air or another gas, but essentially without the use of a liquid. This means that, in contrast to wet cleaning, a gas is used to loosen the dirt from the surface, but a gas. This statement refers to the loosening and collecting of dirt and waste. Even if a liquid is added to the collected dirt and waste in a later step, it is dry cleaning as long as essentially no liquid is applied to the surface to be cleaned.

Der Begriff "Oberfläche" umfasst nicht nur die alleroberste Schicht, sondern auch Bereiche die unmittelbar unter der obersten Schicht liegen. So ist beispielsweise bei einem losen Untergrund, wie beispielsweise einem Schotter- oder Kiesbett, auch eine von einer obersten Schicht beabstandete tieferliegende Schicht im Schotter- oder Kiesbett vom Begriff Oberfläche umfasst.The term "surface" includes not only the very top layer, but also areas that are immediately below the top layer. For example, in the case of a loose subsoil, such as a ballast or gravel bed, the term surface also encompasses a lower-lying layer in the ballast or gravel bed spaced apart from an uppermost layer.

Die Begriffe "Schmutz" und "Abfall" umfassen alle Substanzen, die nicht zur Fahrbahninfrastruktur gehören und die nicht dazu vorgesehen sind, im Bereich der Fahrbahn zu verbleiben. Darunter fallen beispielsweise Staub, Russ, Schmierstoffe, defekte Teile, Kleidungsstücke, Lebensmittel, Verpackungsmaterialien wie beispielsweise Getränkeflaschen und Kunststofftüten, Pflanzen, Schädlinge und Insekten.The terms "dirt" and "waste" include all substances that do not belong to the road infrastructure and that are not intended to remain in the area of the road. These include, for example, dust, soot, lubricants, defective parts, clothing, food, packaging materials such as beverage bottles and plastic bags, plants, pests and insects.

Das Abführrohr kann grundsätzlich einen beliebigen Querschnitt aufweisen. So kann das Abführrohr beispielsweise einen kreisrunden, einen ovalen, einen rechteckförmigen oder einen Querschnitt mit mehreren Ecken aufweisen. Die Zuführeinrichtung umfasst vorzugsweise ein Zuführrohr. Dieses kann ebenfalls einen beliebigen Querschnitt aufweisen, wie beispielsweise einen kreisrunden, einen ovalen, einen rechteckförmigen oder einen mehreckigen Querschnitt.The discharge pipe can basically have any cross section. For example, the discharge pipe can have a circular, oval, rectangular or cross-section with several corners. The feed device preferably comprises a feed tube. This can also have any cross section, such as a circular, oval, rectangular or polygonal cross section.

Gemäss der Erfindung wird mit dem freien Ende des Abführrohrs Schmutz oder Abfall von der Oberfläche in einer ersten Richtung abgesaugt. Die erste Richtung entspricht dabei im Wesentlichen einer Längsachse des Abführrohrs im Bereich des freien Endes des Abführrohrs.According to the invention, dirt or waste is sucked off the surface in a first direction with the free end of the discharge pipe. The first direction essentially corresponds to a longitudinal axis of the discharge pipe in the region of the free end of the discharge pipe.

Zudem tritt gemäss der Erfindung der Luftstrom aus der Austrittsöffnung in einer zweiten Richtung zur Öffnung des freien Endes des Abführrohrs hin aus der Zuführeinrichtung aus auf die Oberfläche. Die zweite Richtung ist somit durch die Punkte definiert, die in der räumlichen Mitte des Luftstrahls liegen, der sich zwischen der Austrittsöffnung und der Oberfläche befindet. Der Ausdruck "zur Öffnung des freien Endes des Abführrohrs hin" bedeutet, dass eine erste Distanz zwischen dem Zentrum der Austrittsöffnung und dem Zentrum der Querschnittsfläche der Öffnung im freien Ende des Abführrohrs grösser ist als eine zweite Distanz zwischen dem mittigen Auftreffpunkt des Luftstrahls auf der Oberfläche und dem Zentrum der Querschnittsfläche der Öffnung im freien Ende des Abführrohrs. Somit verläuft der Luftstrahl in Richtung zur Öffnung des freien Endes des Abführrohrs hin. Der beanspruchte Winkel zwischen der ersten Richtung und der zweiten Richtung entspricht dem kleinsten Winkel zwischen diesen beiden Richtungen.In addition, according to the invention, the air flow exits the outlet opening in a second direction towards the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe from the supply device onto the surface. The second direction is thus defined by the points that lie in the spatial center of the air jet, which is located between the outlet opening and the surface. The expression "towards the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe" means that a first distance between the center of the outlet opening and the center of the cross-sectional area of the opening in the free end of the discharge pipe is greater than a second distance between the central point of impact of the air jet on the surface and the center of the cross-sectional area of the opening in the free end of the discharge pipe. The air jet thus runs in the direction of the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe. The claimed angle between the first direction and the second direction corresponds to the smallest angle between these two directions.

Bevorzugt ist die Zuführeinrichtung zum benachbarten Anordnen an das Abführrohr ausgebildet. Dadurch kann der Luftstrahl besonders nahe an das Abführrohr geführt werden. Der durch den Luftstrahl gelöste und aufgewirbelte Schmutz und Staub kann daher besonders gut vom Abführrohr aufgesaugt werden.The feed device is preferably designed to be arranged adjacent to the discharge pipe. This allows the air jet to be guided particularly close to the discharge pipe. The dirt and dust loosened and whirled up by the air jet can therefore be sucked up particularly well from the discharge pipe.

Vorzugsweise ist die Distanz zwischen dem Zentrum der Querschnittsfläche der Austrittsöffnung der Zuführeinrichtung und dem Zentrum der Querschnittsfläche der Öffnung des freien Endes des Abführrohrs kleiner als 0.5 m, vorzugsweise kleiner als 0.3 m. Dadurch sind die Zuführeinrichtung und die Abführeinrichtung nahe beieinander angeordnet. Das ermöglicht eine besonders nahe Führung des Luftstroms zur Öffnung des freien Endes des Abführrohrs, wodurch ein besonders effizientes Absaugen und dadurch eine besonders gründliche Reinigung der Oberfläche ermöglicht werden.The distance between the center of the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening of the feed device and the center of the cross-sectional area of the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe is preferably less than 0.5 m, preferably less than 0.3 m. As a result, the feed device and the discharge device are arranged close to one another. This enables the air flow to be guided particularly close to the opening of the free end of the discharge pipe, as a result of which particularly efficient suction and thus particularly thorough cleaning of the surface are made possible.

Vorzugsweise ist das Abführrohr derart angeordnet, dass es möglichst nahe an die Oberfläche geführt werden kann. Zudem ist die Zuführvorrichtung vorzugsweise so angeordnet, dass sie möglichst nahe an die Oberfläche geführt werden kann.The discharge pipe is preferably arranged such that it can be guided as close to the surface as possible. In addition, the feed device is preferably arranged so that it can be guided as close to the surface as possible.

Bevorzugt ist die Reinigungseinrichtung dazu ausgebildet, eine Fahrbahn und einen Bereich neben der Fahrbahn sowie die Tunnelwände und eventuell auch die Tunneldecke zu reinigen. In einer bevorzugten Ausführung umfasst die Reinigungseinrichtung mehrere Reinigungseinheiten, vorzugsweise mindestens eine für die Fahrbahn, mindestens eine für den Boden neben der Fahrbahn und mindestens eine für die Tunnelwände. Dabei umfassen diese Reinigungseinheiten oder zumindest eine oder mehrere davon eine Zuführeinrichtung und eine Abführeinrichtung gemäss Anspruch 1.The cleaning device is preferably designed to clean a roadway and an area next to the roadway as well as the tunnel walls and possibly also the tunnel ceiling. In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning device comprises several Cleaning units, preferably at least one for the roadway, at least one for the floor next to the roadway and at least one for the tunnel walls. These cleaning units or at least one or more of them include a feed device and a discharge device according to claim 1.

Die Abführeinrichtung umfasst mehrere Abführrohre zum Absaugen, vorzugsweise mindestens 10 Abführrohre pro Meter, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 20 Abführrohre pro Meter. Dadurch kann die Saugfläche zum Einsaugen von Schmutz und Abfall vergrössert werden, während pro Rohr eine hohe Absaugleistung gewährleistet ist. Das ermöglicht eine effiziente Reinigung der Oberfläche.The discharge device comprises a plurality of discharge pipes for suction, preferably at least 10 discharge pipes per meter, particularly preferably at least 20 discharge pipes per meter. This means that the suction surface for sucking in dirt and waste can be increased, while a high suction capacity is guaranteed for each pipe. This enables the surface to be cleaned efficiently.

Die Abführrohre sind in einer Reihe nebeneinander angeordnet. Vorzugsweise sind die Abführrohre nebeneinander angeordnet, so dass die Abführrohre aneinander anliegend sind und sich gegenseitig berühren. Mit dieser Anordnung kann eine besonders effiziente Reinigung der Oberfläche erzielt werden. Falls die Reinigungseinrichtung auf einem Fahrzeug montiert ist, sind die Abführrohre vorzugsweise in einer Richtung quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges in einer Reihe nebeneinander angeordnet. Alternativ weisen die Abführrohre zueinander einen gegenseitigen Abstand auf, der bevorzugt 10 cm, besonders bevorzugt 5 cm, nicht übersteigt.The discharge pipes are arranged in a row next to each other. The discharge pipes are preferably arranged next to one another, so that the discharge pipes abut one another and touch one another. With this arrangement, a particularly efficient cleaning of the surface can be achieved. If the cleaning device is mounted on a vehicle, the discharge pipes are preferably arranged in a row next to one another in a direction transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle. Alternatively, the discharge pipes are at a mutual distance from one another which preferably does not exceed 10 cm, particularly preferably 5 cm.

Die Abführrohre umfassen an einem zur reinigenden Oberfläche hin gerichteten Ende des Abführrohrs ein Endelement, wobei das Endelement relativ zur Zuführeinrichtung bewegbar ist. Vorzugsweise befindet sich die Öffnung zum Absaugen von Schmutz oder Abfall am freien Ende des Endelements. Dabei kann das Endelement beispielsweise schwenkbar, linear verschiebbar und/oder drehbar relativ zur Zuführeinrichtung gelagert sein.The discharge pipes comprise an end element at an end of the discharge pipe directed towards the cleaning surface, the end element being movable relative to the feed device. The opening for sucking off dirt or waste is preferably located at the free end of the end element. The end element can be pivoted, linearly displaceable and / or rotatable relative to the feed device, for example.

Durch das verstellbare Endelement kann die Öffnung so relativ zur zu reinigenden Oberfläche positioniert werden, dass möglichst viel Schmutz und Abfall aufgesaugt werden kann. Zudem kann das Endelement auch in optimaler Weise zu der Zuführeinrichtung positioniert werden, so dass der gelöste und durch den Luftstrom aufgewirbelte Schmutz möglichst effizient durch die Öffnung im Endelement aufgesaugt werden kann. Vorzugsweise ist das Endelement aus einem steifen Material wie Blech oder dergleichen gefertigt. Dadurch behält die Öffnung am freien Ende ihre Form, so dass ein zuverlässiges Absaugen des Schmutzes von der Oberfläche ermöglicht wird.Thanks to the adjustable end element, the opening can be positioned relative to the surface to be cleaned so that as much dirt and waste as possible can be sucked up. In addition, the end element can also be optimally positioned in relation to the feed device, so that the loosened dirt and whirled up by the air flow can be sucked up as efficiently as possible through the opening in the end element. The end element is preferably made of a rigid material such as sheet metal or the like. As a result, the opening at the free end keeps its shape, so that a reliable suction of the dirt from the surface is made possible.

Das Endelement eines ersten Abführrohres der mehreren Abführrohre ist relativ zu einem Endelement eines zweiten Abführrohres der mehreren Abführrohre bewegbar. Das bedeutet, dass alle Abführrohre individuell beweglich bzw. einstellbar sind. Dadurch kann die Reinigungsvorrichtung genau auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche abgestimmt werden. So können beispielsweise mehrere einzelne Abführrohre angehoben werden oder in einem Winkel zur Oberfläche positioniert werden, um eine bessere Reinigung erzielen zu können. Zudem können durch diese Einstellbarkeit auch Aussparungen und Vertiefungen in der zu reinigenden Fläche abgesaugt werden, indem eines oder mehrere einzelne Abführrohre in der Vertiefung positioniert werden. Dadurch kann auch bei unebener Oberfläche eine effiziente und gründliche Reinigung erzielt werden.The end element of a first discharge pipe of the plurality of discharge pipes is movable relative to an end element of a second discharge pipe of the plurality of discharge pipes. This means that all discharge pipes can be moved or adjusted individually. As a result, the cleaning device can be tailored precisely to the surface to be cleaned. For example, several individual discharge pipes can be raised or positioned at an angle to the surface in order to achieve better cleaning. In addition, this adjustability means that recesses and depressions in the surface to be cleaned can also be sucked off by positioning one or more individual discharge pipes in the depression. This enables efficient and thorough cleaning to be achieved even on uneven surfaces.

Vorzugsweise ist jedes Endelement unabhängig von den übrigen Endelementen bewegbar. Das ermöglicht eine grösstmögliche Flexibilität bei der Einstellung der Abführrohre.Each end element is preferably movable independently of the other end elements. This enables the greatest possible flexibility when adjusting the discharge pipes.

Bevorzugt sind die Endelemente einer Reinigungsvorrichtung für eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Oberfläche, z. B. ein Schienenbett oder ein Bankett, in vertikaler Richtung verstellbar. Dadurch können die freien Enden der Endelemente auf einfache Weise relativ zur zu reinigenden Oberfläche positioniert werden.Preferably, the end elements of a cleaning device for a substantially horizontal surface, e.g. B. a rail bed or a banquet, adjustable in the vertical direction. As a result, the free ends of the end elements can be positioned relative to the surface to be cleaned in a simple manner.

Vorzugsweise beträgt die maximale Verstellbarkeit eines ersten Endelements relativ zu einem zweiten Endelement mindestens 20 cm, vorzugsweise zwischen 25 cm und 30 cm, in vertikaler Richtung. Mit einer solchen Verstellbarkeit kann die Reinigungseinrichtung bestmöglich auf Hindernisse oder Vertiefungen in der Oberfläche angepasst werden. Vorzugsweise weist das Abführrohr einen Innendurchmesser von 5 bis 30 cm, vorzugsweise einen Innendurchmesser von 8 bis 20 cm auf. Ein solcher Durchmesser erlaubt eine genügend grosse Saugfläche und dennoch einen flexiblen Einsatz des Abführrohrs. So ist das Abführrohr genügend klein, um beispielsweise zwischen Geleisen in einer Weiche oder in eine Vertiefung abgesenkt werden zu können. Somit können auch Ecken oder enge Bereiche noch gründlich gereinigt werden. Dennoch wird mit dieser Grösse des Innendurchmessers ein effizientes Absaugen ermöglicht, da so der Querschnitt des Abführrohrs auch genügend gross ist, um nicht nur Staub sondern auch grössere Gegenstände wie beispielsweise Verpackungen oder Kunststoffgetränkeflaschen aufzusaugen.The maximum adjustability of a first end element relative to a second end element is preferably at least 20 cm, preferably between 25 cm and 30 cm, in the vertical direction. With such an adjustability, the cleaning device can be adapted as best as possible to obstacles or depressions in the surface. The discharge pipe preferably has an inside diameter of 5 to 30 cm, preferably an inside diameter of 8 to 20 cm. Such a diameter allows a sufficiently large suction surface and still a flexible use of the discharge pipe. The discharge pipe is small enough, for example, to be lowered between rails in a switch or into a recess. This means that even corners or narrow areas can still be cleaned thoroughly. Nevertheless, this size of the inner diameter enables efficient suction, since the cross-section of the discharge pipe is also large enough to not only pick up dust but also larger objects such as packaging or plastic beverage bottles.

Bevorzugt umfasst das Abführrohr in Saugrichtung nach dem Endelement einen flexiblen Bereich und einen an den flexiblen Bereich anschliessenden steifen Bereich, so dass das Endelement relativ zum steifen Bereich des Abführrohrs verschwenkbar ist. Dadurch kann die Öffnung am freien Ende des Endelements einfach zur Oberfläche positioniert werden. Zudem ermöglicht der flexible Bereich, dass das Endelement beispielsweise durch ein Hindernis kurzzeitig aus seiner Position weggedrückt werden kann, wenn während der Reinigung die Abführrohre entlang der Oberfläche bewegt werden. Dadurch kann vermieden werden, dass die Endelemente der Abführrohre beschädigt werden, und auch ohne aktive Steuerung kann ein gutes Reinigungsergebnis erreicht werden, indem ein geringer Abstand zwischen den Abführrohren und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche eingestellt wird und die Abführrohre bei Bedarf durch den mechanischen Kontakt zwischen den Endelementen und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche weg bewegt werden. In diesem Fall ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Endelemente aus einem robusten Material gefertigt sind, so dass sie durch den mechanischen Kontakt nicht beschädigt werden.The discharge pipe preferably comprises a flexible area in the suction direction after the end element and a rigid area adjoining the flexible area, so that the end element can be pivoted relative to the rigid area of the discharge pipe. As a result, the opening at the free end of the end element can be easily positioned to the surface. In addition, the flexible area enables the end element to be pushed out of its position for a short time, for example by an obstacle, when the discharge pipes are moved along the surface during cleaning. This can prevent the end elements of the discharge pipes from being damaged, and a good cleaning result can be achieved even without active control by setting a small distance between the discharge pipes and the surface to be cleaned and the discharge pipes if necessary due to the mechanical contact between the End elements and the surface to be cleaned are moved away. In this case it is advantageous if the end elements are made of a robust material so that they are not damaged by the mechanical contact.

Alternativ dazu - insbesondere wenn die Abführrohre aktiv bewegbar sind - besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dass diese komplett aus einem steifen Material gefertigt sind.As an alternative to this - especially if the discharge pipes are actively movable - there is also the possibility that they are made entirely of a rigid material.

Vorzugsweise umfasst die Zuführeinrichtung mehrere Zuführrohre zum Zuführen des Luftstroms. Dadurch kann der Luftstrom auf einfache Weise zu der zu reinigenden Oberfläche zugeführt werden.The feed device preferably comprises a plurality of feed tubes for feeding the air flow. As a result, the air flow can be supplied to the surface to be cleaned in a simple manner.

Bevorzugt ist auf einer ersten Seite neben dem Abführrohr ein erstes Zuführrohr und auf einer der ersten Seite gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite des Abführohrs ist ein zweites Zuführrohr angeordnet. Dadurch kann der Schmutz oder Staub von zwei Seiten zum Abführrohr hin geblasen werden. Falls die Reinigungseinrichtung relativ zur Oberfläche bewegt wird und die Zuführrohre in Bewegungsrichtung vor und hinter dem Abführrohr angeordnet sind, kann der Schmutz zuerst von einem ersten Luftstrom aus einem ersten Zuführrohr von der Oberfläche gelöst werden und anschliessend der noch verbleibende Schmutz vom zweiten Luftstrom aus dem zweiten Zuführrohr erfasst werden und zum Abführrohr hin geblasen werden. Das ermöglicht eine besonders gründliche Reinigung.A first feed tube is preferably arranged on a first side next to the discharge tube and a second feed tube is arranged on a second side of the discharge tube opposite the first side. This allows the dirt or dust to be blown from two sides towards the discharge pipe. If the cleaning device is moved relative to the surface and the feed pipes are arranged in front of and behind the discharge pipe in the direction of movement, the dirt can first be detached from the surface by a first air stream from a first feed pipe and then the remaining dirt from the second air stream from the second Feed pipe are detected and blown towards the discharge pipe. This enables particularly thorough cleaning.

Bei einer Anordnung auf einem Fahrzeug liegt die erste Seite neben der Abführeinrichtung, auf der das erste Zuführrohr angeordnet ist, in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeugs hinter dem Abführrohr, während die der ersten Seite gegenüberliegende zweite Seite der Abführeinrichtung, auf der das zweite Zuführrohr angeordnet ist, in Fahrtrichtung vor dem Abführrohr liegt.In the case of an arrangement on a vehicle, the first side lies next to the discharge device on which the first feed pipe is arranged, in the direction of travel of the vehicle behind the discharge pipe, while the second side of the discharge device on which the second feed pipe is arranged lies opposite the first side Direction of travel is in front of the discharge pipe.

Vorzugsweise ist auf einer dritten Seite neben dem Abführrohr ein drittes Zuführrohr und auf einer der dritten Seite gegenüberliegenden vierten Seite ein viertes Zuführrohr angeordnet. Dadurch kann der Schmutz von vier Seiten zum Abführrohr hin geblasen werden. Somit wird der Bereich der Oberfläche vergrössert, der durch die Reinigungseinrichtung erfasst wird.A third feed tube is preferably arranged on a third side next to the discharge tube and a fourth feed tube is arranged on a fourth side opposite the third side. This allows the dirt to be blown from four sides towards the discharge pipe. This increases the area of the surface that is captured by the cleaning device.

Bei einer Anordnung auf einem Fahrzeug liegen die dritte und die vierte Seite in Bezug auf das Abführrohr je quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges.In the case of an arrangement on a vehicle, the third and fourth sides with respect to the discharge pipe each lie transversely to the direction of travel of the rail vehicle.

In einer alternativen Ausführung kann die Zuführeinrichtung auch nur ein Zuführrohr aufweisen. Die Zuführeinrichtung kann auch überhaupt kein Zuführrohr umfassen. In diesem Fall wird der Luftstrom direkt von einer Luftdruckquelle durch eine Austrittsöffnung auf die Oberfläche geführt.In an alternative embodiment, the feed device can also have only one feed tube. The feed device can also comprise no feed tube at all. In this case, the air flow is led directly from an air pressure source to the surface through an outlet opening.

Bevorzugt ist in einem Endbereich des Abführrohrs eine Bürste angeordnet, zum Abbürsten der zu reinigenden Oberfläche. Der Endbereich des Abführrohrs ist dabei der der zu reinigenden Oberfläche zugewandte Bereich des Abführrohrs. Indem die Oberfläche vor dem Absaugen abgebürstet wird, kann auch besonders hartnäckiger Schmutz von der Oberfläche gelöst werden. Der gelöste Schmutz kann anschliessend durch den zugeführten Luftstrom zum Abführrohr hin geblasen werden. Durch den Einsatz einer Bürste kann somit eine besonders effiziente Reinigung auch bei einer stark verschmutzen Oberfläche stattfinden.A brush is preferably arranged in an end region of the discharge pipe for brushing off the surface to be cleaned. The end region of the discharge pipe is the region of the discharge pipe facing the surface to be cleaned. By brushing the surface before vacuuming, particularly stubborn dirt can be removed from the Surface to be solved. The loosened dirt can then be blown to the discharge pipe by the supplied air flow. By using a brush, particularly efficient cleaning can take place even on a heavily soiled surface.

Bei einer ersten Variante handelt es sich bei der Bürste um eine Rollbürste. Die Rollbürste umfasst vorzugsweise einen steifen Kern und um den Kern herum angeordnete elastische Borsten. Der Einsatz einer Rollbürste ermöglicht ein einfaches Abbürsten der Oberfläche, insbesondere wenn die Reinigungsvorrichtung auf einem Fahrzeug montiert ist und die Abführrohre entlang der Oberfläche bewegt werden.In a first variant, the brush is a roller brush. The roller brush preferably comprises a rigid core and elastic bristles arranged around the core. The use of a roller brush enables the surface to be brushed off easily, in particular if the cleaning device is mounted on a vehicle and the discharge pipes are moved along the surface.

Bei einer zweiten Variante umfasst die Bürste eine Vielzahl von Borsten, welche ortsfest am Abführrohr angeordnet sind und beispielsweise die Öffnung des Abführrohrs mindestens 3-seitig (also über einen Winkel von 270°) umschliessen. Auf diese Weise kann zum einen in Fahrtrichtung vorne der Staub von der Oberfläche mechanisch abgelöst werden, zum anderen ergibt sich eine flexible Begrenzung des Luftkanals zum Abführrohr.In a second variant, the brush comprises a plurality of bristles which are arranged in a stationary manner on the discharge pipe and, for example, enclose the opening of the discharge pipe on at least 3 sides (ie over an angle of 270 °). In this way, on the one hand, the dust can be mechanically detached from the surface in the direction of travel, on the other hand, there is a flexible limitation of the air duct to the discharge pipe.

Vorzugsweise bildet die erfindungsgemässe Reinigungsvorrichtung Teil eines Reinigungsmoduls, welches darüber hinaus eine Druckluftquelle zum Erzeugen eines Luftdrucks in der Zuführeinrichtung, eine Saugeinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks in der Abführeinrichtung und einen Behälter zum Aufnehmen des abgesaugten Schmutzes und Abfalls umfasst.The cleaning device according to the invention preferably forms part of a cleaning module, which also comprises a compressed air source for generating an air pressure in the supply device, a suction device for generating a negative pressure in the discharge device and a container for receiving the extracted dirt and waste.

Mit Vorteil erzeugt die Druckluftquelle dabei einen Luftdruck in der Zuführeinrichtung von mindestens 400'000 Pa (4 bar), bevorzugt von mindestens 550'000 Pa (5.5 bar).The compressed air source advantageously generates an air pressure in the supply device of at least 400,000 Pa (4 bar), preferably of at least 550,000 Pa (5.5 bar).

Bevorzugt liegt der durch die Druckluftquelle erzeugte Volumenstrom für die Zuführeinrichtung zwischen 2'000 m3/h und 8'000 m3/h. Der effektive gesamte Volumenstrom an den Austrittsöffnungen der Zuführeinrichtung wird wegen der Einwirkung der Zuführleitungen jeweils etwas tiefer ausfallen.The volume flow generated by the compressed air source for the feed device is preferably between 2,000 m 3 / h and 8,000 m 3 / h. The effective total volume flow at the outlet openings of the feed device will be somewhat lower due to the action of the feed lines.

Bevorzugt liegt die durch die Saugeinrichtung für der Abführeinrichtung erzeugte Saugleistung zwischen 20'000 m3/h und 60'000 m3/h. Die effektive gesamte Saugleistung an den Abführrohren der Abführeinrichtung wird aufgrund von Filtern und anderen Elementen etwas geringer ausfallen.The suction power generated by the suction device for the discharge device is preferably between 20,000 m 3 / h and 60,000 m 3 / h. The effective total suction power due to filters and other elements, the discharge pipes of the discharge device will be slightly smaller.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Reinigungsmodul eine Kammer, gebildet durch vier Seitenwände und einen Deckel, wobei je mindestens ein unterer Endbereich der Abführeinrichtung und ein unterer Endbereich der Zuführeinrichtung von der Kammer umschlossen sind, wobei in der Kammer ein Druck erzeugbar ist, der geringer ist als der Atmosphärendruck. Die Kammer muss dabei nicht hermetisch abgeschlossen sein, sondern lediglich ermöglichen, mit Hilfe einer geeigneten Absaugeinrichtung einen Unterdruck zu erzeugen. Werte des Unterdrucks von 40'000 Pa oder mehr lassen sich in einer solchen Kammer mit Vorteil erreichen.In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning module comprises a chamber, formed by four side walls and a cover, at least one lower end region of the discharge device and one lower end region of the feed device being enclosed by the chamber, a pressure which can be generated in the chamber being lower than the atmospheric pressure. The chamber does not have to be hermetically sealed, but only enables a vacuum to be generated using a suitable suction device. Values of the negative pressure of 40,000 Pa or more can advantageously be achieved in such a chamber.

Die Kammer kann beispielsweise durch eine seitlich umlaufende Wand mit flexiblen Schürzen und einen Deckel gebildet sein. Entsprechend bedeutet "von der Kammer umschlossen", dass sich ein Element in demjenigen Raum befindet, welcher von den vier Seitenwänden, dem Deckel und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche begrenzt wird. Mit Hilfe der Kammer kann sichergestellt werden, dass im Wirkbereich desselben abgelöster und gegebenenfalls aufgewirbelter Schmutz nicht in weitere Bereiche transportiert wird.The chamber can be formed, for example, by a wall running around the side with flexible aprons and a cover. Accordingly, “enclosed by the chamber” means that there is an element in the space which is delimited by the four side walls, the lid and the surface to be cleaned. With the help of the chamber, it can be ensured that in the effective area of the same, detached and possibly whirled up dirt is not transported to other areas.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass im Rahmen der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung und durch Einsatz der Kammer Leistungen in der Grössenordnung von 700 - 1'000 kW ausreichend sind, um ein gutes Reinigungsergebnis zu erhalten. Die Wärmeentwicklung hält sich somit in Grenzen.It has been shown that within the scope of the device according to the invention and by using the chamber, powers in the order of 700-1,000 kW are sufficient to obtain a good cleaning result. The heat development is therefore limited.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Reinigungsmodul eine Detektionseinrichtung zum Erfassen von Hindernissen, eine Auswerteinheit und einen Antrieb zum Verstellen der Abführeinrichtung in vertikaler Richtung relativ zur Zuführeinrichtung. Dabei ist die Detektionseinrichtung dazu ausgebildet, Signale an die Auswerteinheit zu senden und die Auswerteinheit dazu ausgebildet, den Antrieb in Abhängigkeit der Signale zu steuern. Bevorzugt ermöglicht der Antrieb die Verstellung einzelner Abführrohre (bzw. kleiner Gruppen solcher Abführrohre) der Abführeinrichtung, so dass ein Anheben nur unmittelbar im Bereich eines Hindernisses erfolgen kann, während das Absaugen in anderen Bereichen unverändert weitergeht. Neben der Abführeinrichtung kann auch die Zuführeinrichtung in Abhängigkeit der Signale der Detektionsvorrichtung gesteuert werden.In a further preferred embodiment, the cleaning module comprises a detection device for detecting obstacles, an evaluation unit and a drive for adjusting the discharge device in the vertical direction relative to the feed device. The detection device is designed to send signals to the evaluation unit and the evaluation unit is designed to control the drive as a function of the signals. The drive preferably enables the adjustment of individual discharge pipes (or small groups of such discharge pipes) of the discharge device, so that lifting can only take place directly in the area of an obstacle, while suction continues unchanged in other areas. In addition to the The discharge device can also be controlled as a function of the signals from the detection device.

Die Detektionsvorrichtung kann auf unterschiedlichen Prinzipien basieren und mehrere Detektionsprinzipien miteinander kombinieren. Diese umfassen die optische Detektion mittels Kameras, Ultraschallsensoren, Radarsensoren, induktive Sensoren usw. Es sind auch mechanische Sensoren denkbar, die Fühler umfassen, sowie Kraftsensoren, die Einwirkungen auf die Fühler feststellen.The detection device can be based on different principles and combine several detection principles with one another. These include optical detection by means of cameras, ultrasound sensors, radar sensors, inductive sensors, etc. It is also conceivable to use mechanical sensors that include sensors, as well as force sensors that determine the effects on the sensors.

Das erfindungsgemässe Reinigungsmodul wird insbesondere auf einem Schienenfahrzeug eingesetzt. Gerade für die Reinigung von Bahntunneln, namentlich die Schienen, das Schienenbett, das Bankett und die Tunnelwand, im Trockenreinigungsverfahren sind das Reinigungsmodul bzw. die Reinigungsvorrichtung besonders gut geeignet.The cleaning module according to the invention is used in particular on a rail vehicle. The cleaning module or the cleaning device are particularly well suited for cleaning rail tunnels, in particular the rails, the rail bed, the banquet and the tunnel wall, in the dry cleaning process.

Mit Vorteil weist das Schienenfahrzeug mindestens vier Räder mit je einer Lauffläche auf, wobei das freie Ende des Abführrohrs mindestens 15 cm, vorzugsweise mindestens 30 cm, in lotrechter Richtung über den untersten Punkt auf der Lauffläche eines Rades hinaus absenkbar ist, so dass das freie Ende knapp über der zu reinigenden Oberfläche positioniert ist. Dies ermöglicht eine gründliche Reinigung des Schienenbetts zwischen den Schienen und ausserhalb der Schienen.The rail vehicle advantageously has at least four wheels, each with a tread, the free end of the discharge pipe being able to be lowered at least 15 cm, preferably at least 30 cm, in the vertical direction beyond the lowest point on the tread of a wheel, so that the free end is positioned just above the surface to be cleaned. This enables thorough cleaning of the rail bed between the rails and outside the rails.

Entsprechend ist die Zuführeinrichtung vorzugsweise derart angeordnet und ausgebildet, dass das freie Ende der Zuführeinrichtung bis 10 cm, vorzugsweise bis 5 cm zu einem Untergrund, auf dem die Schiene des Schienenfahrzeuges aufliegt, absenkbar ist.Correspondingly, the feed device is preferably arranged and designed such that the free end of the feed device can be lowered by up to 10 cm, preferably up to 5 cm, to a surface on which the rail of the rail vehicle rests.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Zuführeinrichtung und die Abführrohre relativ zum Fahrzeug in Querrichtung zur Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges verschiebbar. Dies ermöglicht eine Anpassung an die Geometrie der zu reinigenden Anlage. Eine Anpassung in Querrichtung kann insbesondere dann notwendig sein, wenn unterschiedliche Spuren mehrspuriger Tunnel gereinigt werden.In a preferred embodiment, the feed device and the discharge pipes are displaceable relative to the vehicle in the transverse direction to the direction of travel of the vehicle. This enables adaptation to the geometry of the system to be cleaned. An adjustment in the transverse direction may be necessary in particular if different traces of multi-lane tunnels are cleaned.

In diesem Zusammenhang kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn eine Breite der zu reinigenden Fläche einstellbar ist. Dazu sind beispielsweise die Abführrohre und/oder die Zuführrohre in zwei oder mehr Gruppen eingeteilt, die sich individuell in Querrichtung verfahren lassen. Bei gerade nicht überlappender Anordnung ist der Arbeitsbereich maximal, während er bei einer in Querrichtung überlappenden Anordnung reduziert wird.In this context, it can be advantageous if a width of the surface to be cleaned can be set. For this purpose, for example, the discharge pipes and / or the feed pipes are divided into two or more groups, which can be moved individually in the transverse direction. If the arrangement is not overlapping, the working area is at a maximum, while it is reduced if the arrangement overlaps in the transverse direction.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiter ein Verfahren zum Trockenreinigen eines Tunnels mit einer erfindungsgemässen Reinigungseinrichtung, wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst:

  • Positionieren der Reinigungseinrichtung zur zu reinigenden Oberfläche,
  • Bewegen der Reinigungseinrichtung relativ zur Oberfläche entlang einer Längsachse des Tunnels,
  • während der Bewegung Zuführen eines Luftstroms zur Oberfläche, so dass Schmutz oder Abfall von der Oberfläche gelöst wird,
  • während der Bewegung Abführen des gelösten Schmutzes oder Abfalls von der Oberfläche mit einer Abführeinrichtung.
The invention further relates to a method for dry cleaning a tunnel with a cleaning device according to the invention, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Positioning the cleaning device in relation to the surface to be cleaned,
  • Moving the cleaning device relative to the surface along a longitudinal axis of the tunnel,
  • supplying an air flow to the surface during movement so that dirt or waste is released from the surface,
  • During the movement, the loosened dirt or waste is removed from the surface with a discharge device.

Mit Vorteil wird mindestens ein Abführrohr von mehreren Abführrohren der Abführeinrichtung während dem Reinigen des Tunnels in einer von der Längsachse des Tunnels unterschiedlichen Richtung relativ zur Oberfläche und relativ zu einem weiteren der Abführrohre bewegt. Die Bewegung kann durch eine direkte mechanische Wechselwirkung zwischen dem Abführrohr (insbesondere einem Endelement des Abführrohrs) und Elementen der zu reinigenden Einrichtung erfolgen und/oder aktiv gesteuert anhand von Sensordaten.Advantageously, at least one discharge pipe is moved by a plurality of discharge pipes of the discharge device during cleaning of the tunnel in a direction different from the longitudinal axis of the tunnel relative to the surface and relative to a further one of the discharge pipes. The movement can take place through a direct mechanical interaction between the discharge pipe (in particular an end element of the discharge pipe) and elements of the device to be cleaned and / or actively controlled on the basis of sensor data.

Aus der nachfolgenden Detailbeschreibung und der Gesamtheit der Patentansprüche ergeben sich weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen und Merkmalskombinationen der Erfindung.From the following detailed description and the entirety of the claims, further advantageous embodiments and combinations of features of the invention result.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Die zur Erläuterung des Ausführungsbeispiels verwendeten Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1A
eine Ansicht eines Querschnitts durch einen Eisenbahntunnel, in dem sich ein erfindungsgemässes Schienenfahrzeug mit einem erfindungsgemässen Reinigungsmodul befindet,
Fig. 1B
eine Seitenansicht des Schienenfahrzeugs mit der Reinigungseinheit für das Schienenbett,
Fig. 2A
eine schematische Darstellung der Reinigungseinheit für die Tunnelwand,
Fig. 2B
eine Seitenansicht der Reinigungseinheit für die Tunnelwand,
Fig. 2C
ein Schrägbild der Reinigungseinheit für die Tunnelwand,
Fig. 2D
ein Schrägbild einer weiteren Ausführung der Reinigungseinheit Tunnelwand,
Fig. 2E
eine Seitenansicht der weiteren Ausführung der Reinigungseinheit Tunnelwand,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung der Reinigungseinheit für das Bankett,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung der Reinigungseinheit für das Schienenbett,
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Darstellung der Reinigungseinheit für das Schienenbett auf dem Schienenfahrzeug,
Fig. 6
eine Detailansicht eines Bereichs der Reinigungseinheit für das Schienenbett,
Fig. 7
eine Ansicht der Reinigungseinheit für das Schienenbett mit abgesenktem und ausgefahrener Kammer in der Reinigungsposition, und
Fig. 8
eine Ansicht der Reinigungseinheit quer zur Fahrtrichtung.
The drawings used to explain the exemplary embodiment show:
Fig. 1A
1 shows a view of a cross section through a railway tunnel in which a rail vehicle according to the invention with a cleaning module according to the invention is located,
Figure 1B
a side view of the rail vehicle with the cleaning unit for the rail bed,
Figure 2A
a schematic representation of the cleaning unit for the tunnel wall,
Figure 2B
a side view of the cleaning unit for the tunnel wall,
Figure 2C
an oblique view of the cleaning unit for the tunnel wall,
Figure 2D
an oblique view of another embodiment of the cleaning unit tunnel wall,
Figure 2E
a side view of the further embodiment of the cleaning unit tunnel wall,
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of the cleaning unit for the banquet,
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of the cleaning unit for the rail bed,
Fig. 5
a perspective view of the cleaning unit for the rail bed on the rail vehicle,
Fig. 6
a detailed view of an area of the cleaning unit for the rail bed,
Fig. 7
a view of the cleaning unit for the rail bed with the chamber lowered and extended in the cleaning position, and
Fig. 8
a view of the cleaning unit transverse to the direction of travel.

Grundsätzlich sind in den Figuren gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.In principle, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

Wege zur Ausführung der ErfindungWays of Carrying Out the Invention

Die Figur 1A zeigt eine Ansicht eines Querschnitts durch einen Eisenbahntunnel, in dem sich ein erfindungsgemässes Schienenfahrzeug 10 befindet. Das Schienenfahrzeug 10 ist dabei von hinten dargestellt.The Figure 1A shows a view of a cross section through a railway tunnel in which a rail vehicle 10 according to the invention is located. The rail vehicle 10 is shown from behind.

Das Schienenfahrzeug 10 umfasst mehrere Wagen. Auf einem Wagen ist ein erfindungsgemässes Reinigungsmodul 1 angeordnet. Dieses umfasst eine Reinigungseinrichtung umfassend eine Reinigungseinheit Tunnelwand 100, eine Reinigungseinheit Bankett 200 und eine Reinigungseinheit Schienenbett 300. Die Reinigungseinrichtungen umfassen je eine Zuführeinrichtung zum Zuführen eines Luftstroms zur zu reinigenden Oberfläche und eine Abführreinrichtung mit Abführrohren zum Absaugen von Schmutz und Abfall von der Oberfläche im Tunnel. Ferner umfasst das Reinigungsmodul 1 ein Gebläse zum Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks in den Abführrohren, einen Kompressor zur Erzeugung eines Luftdrucks in Zuführleitungen der Zuführeinrichtungen der Reinigungseinheiten 100, 200, 300 sowie einen Schmutzbehälter 13 zum Auffangen und Sammeln des aufgesaugten Schmutzes und Abfalls, ersichtlich in der Figur 1B. Hierzu sind die Reinigungseinheiten 100, 200, 300 mittels flexiblen Rohrleitungen 11 mit dem Schmutzbehälter 13 verbunden. Auf demselben Wagen ist zudem ein Führerstand 14 untergebracht. In diesem kann ein Benutzer die Reinigungseinheiten 100, 200, 300 steuern. Das Schienenfahrzeug 10 umfasst weiter einem Flachwagen, auf dem weitere Schmutzbehälter 13 untergebracht sind, die mit dem Schmutzbehälter 13, welcher mit den Reinigungseinrichtungen 100, 200, 300 verbunden ist, ausgetauscht werden können. Weitere Wagen des Schienenfahrzeugs 10 beinhalten Personenkabinen oder Lagerraum.The rail vehicle 10 comprises a number of carriages. A cleaning module 1 according to the invention is arranged on a trolley. This includes a cleaning device comprising a cleaning unit tunnel wall 100, a cleaning unit banquet 200 and a cleaning unit rail bed 300. The cleaning devices each include a feed device for supplying an air stream to the surface to be cleaned and a discharge device with discharge pipes for suctioning dirt and waste from the surface in the tunnel . Furthermore, the cleaning module 1 comprises a blower for generating a negative pressure in the discharge pipes, a compressor for generating an air pressure in supply lines of the supply devices of the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 and a dirt container 13 for collecting and collecting the soiled dirt and waste, which can be seen in FIG Figure 1B . For this purpose, the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 are connected to the dirt container 13 by means of flexible pipelines 11. A driver's cab 14 is also housed on the same car. In this, a user can control the cleaning units 100, 200, 300. The rail vehicle 10 further comprises a flat car on which further dirt containers 13 are accommodated, which can be exchanged with the dirt container 13, which is connected to the cleaning devices 100, 200, 300. Other wagons of the rail vehicle 10 include passenger cabins or storage space.

In der Figur 1B ist der Wagen des Schienenfahrzeugs 10, auf welchem die Reinigungseinheit 300 angeordnet ist, ersichtlich. In dieser Darstellung ist erkennbar, dass der Schmutzbehälter 13 auf dem Wagen in Fahrtrichtung 2 vor der Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett angeordnet ist. Der Führerstand 14 befindet sich auf dem Wagen in Fahrtrichtung 2 hinter der Reinigungseinheit 300.In the Figure 1B the carriage of the rail vehicle 10 on which the cleaning unit 300 is arranged can be seen. It can be seen in this illustration that the dirt container 13 is arranged on the carriage in the direction of travel 2 in front of the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed. The driver's cab 14 is located on the carriage in the direction of travel 2 behind the cleaning unit 300.

Für die Reinigung des Eisenbahntunnels werden die Reinigungseinheiten 100, 200, 300 relativ zu einer zu reinigenden Oberfläche 20 im Tunnel positioniert und das Gebläse und der Kompressor werden eingeschaltet. Anschliessend fährt das Schienenfahrzeug 10 im Schritttempo durch den Tunnel, wobei die Reinigungseinheiten 100, 200, 300 entlang der inneren Tunneloberflächen geführt werden.For cleaning the railroad tunnel, the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 are positioned relative to a surface 20 to be cleaned in the tunnel and the blower and the compressor are switched on. The rail vehicle 10 then moves through the tunnel at walking pace, the cleaning units 100, 200, 300 being guided along the inner tunnel surfaces.

Die Figuren 2 bis 4 zeigen je eine schematische Darstellung der drei Reinigungseinheiten 100, 200, 300 für die Tunnelwand, für das Bankett und für das Schienenbett. Die Funktion dieser Reinigungseinheiten wird nachfolgend im Detail beschrieben.The Figures 2 to 4 each show a schematic representation of the three cleaning units 100, 200, 300 for the tunnel wall, for the banquet and for the rail bed. The function of these cleaning units is described in detail below.

Die Figur 2A zeigt schematisch die Reinigungseinheit 100 für die Tunnelwand. Die Figur 2B zeigt eine Seitenansicht, die Figur 2C ein Schrägbild der Reinigungseinheit 100 für die Tunnelwand.The Figure 2A schematically shows the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall. The Figure 2B shows a side view that Figure 2C an oblique view of the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall.

Die Fahrtrichtung 2 eines Fahrzeugs, welche diese Reinigungseinheit 100 trägt, ist mit einem Pfeil angegeben. Wie in der Figur 2 ersichtlich, umfasst diese Reinigungseinheit 100 für die Tunnelwand eine Zuführeinrichtung in Form von Zuführrohren 110 zum Zuführen eines Luftstroms 130 zur zu reinigenden Oberfläche. An einem freien Ende 111, welches zur Oberfläche hinweist, umfasst jedes Zuführrohr 110 eine Düse 113, durch die ein Luftstrom aus dem Zuführrohr 110 austritt und fokussiert auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche 20 geführt wird. Die Reinigungseinheit 100 umfasst zudem eine Abführeinrichtung mit einem Abführrohr 120 zum Abführen von Schmutz oder Abfall von der Oberfläche. Das Abführrohr umfasst an seinem zur Oberfläche hin gerichteten freien Ende 121 ein Saugmaul 122. Ferner ist an diesem freien Ende 121 des Abführrohrs 120 eine das Saugmaul 122 umgebende Bürste 123 angeordnet, welche im Betrieb der Reinigungseinheit 100 die zu reinigende Oberfläche 20 abbürstet und den Absaugkanal in Fahrtrichtung 2 zumindest teilweise begrenzt. Das Zuführrohr 110 ist im Bereich des freien Endes des Abführrohrs 121 mit einem Gelenk 112 schwenkbar am Abführrohr 120 gelagert, so dass das freie Ende des Zuführrohrs 111 relativ zum freien Ende das Abführrohrs 121 verschwenkt werden kann.The direction of travel 2 of a vehicle which carries this cleaning unit 100 is indicated by an arrow. Like in the Figure 2 As can be seen, this cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall comprises a feed device in the form of feed tubes 110 for feeding an air stream 130 to the surface to be cleaned. At a free end 111, which points towards the surface, each feed pipe 110 comprises a nozzle 113, through which an air flow exits the feed pipe 110 and is guided in a focused manner onto the surface 20 to be cleaned. The cleaning unit 100 also includes a discharge device with a discharge pipe 120 for removing dirt or waste from the surface. The discharge pipe comprises a suction mouth 122 at its free end 121 directed towards the surface. Furthermore, a brush 123 surrounding the suction mouth 122 is arranged at this free end 121 of the discharge pipe, which brush brushes the surface 20 to be cleaned during operation of the cleaning unit 100 and the suction channel at least partially limited in the direction of travel 2. The feed pipe 110 is pivotally mounted on the discharge pipe 120 with a joint 112 in the region of the free end of the discharge pipe 121, so that the free end of the feed pipe 111 can be pivoted relative to the free end of the discharge pipe 121.

Bevorzugt ist das Saugmaul 122 des Abführrohrs 120 im Wesentlichen rechteckförmig oder länglich oval ausgebildet und weist auf einer in Fahrtrichtung 2 hinteren Längsseite mehrere Zuführrohre 110 auf, so dass pro Abführrohr 120 mehrere Luftströme 130 auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche 20 geleitet werden. Das Saugmaul 122 ist über das Abführrohr, welches als flexible Abführrohrleitung ausgeführt ist, mit dem Schmutzbehälter 13 und dem Gebläse auf dem Schienenfahrzeug 10 verbunden. Der aufgesaugte Schmutz und Abfall wird somit durch das Saugmaul 122 aufgesaugt und gelangt durch die Abführrohrleitung in den Schmutzbehälter 13.The suction mouth 122 of the discharge pipe 120 is preferably substantially rectangular or oblong oval and has a rear long side in the direction of travel 2 a plurality of supply pipes 110, so that a plurality of air streams 130 are directed onto the surface 20 to be cleaned per discharge pipe 120. The suction mouth 122 is connected to the dirt container 13 and the blower on the rail vehicle 10 via the discharge pipe, which is designed as a flexible discharge pipe. The sucked-up dirt and waste is thus sucked up by the suction mouth 122 and reaches the dirt container 13 through the discharge pipeline.

Das Reinigungsmodul 1 umfasst eine Haltevorrichtung mit Antrieb (nicht dargestellt) für die Reinigungseinheit 100 für die Tunnelwand. Mittels der Haltevorrichtung sind das Abführrohr 120 und die Zuführrohre 110 der Reinigungseinheit Tunnelwand am Schienenfahrzeug 10 gehalten. Die Haltevorrichtung umfasst einen Teleskoparm, der an einem inneren Ende am Schienenfahrzeug 10 gelagert ist und an seinem äusseren Ende das freie Ende des Abführrohrs 121 und die am Abführrohr gelagerten Zuführrohre 110 trägt. Dadurch ist das freie Ende des Abführrohrs 121 relativ zum Schienenfahrzeug 10 verstellbar. So kann das freie Ende des Abführrohrs 121 mit dem Saugmaul 122 quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges 10 vom Schienenfahrzeug 10 weg oder zum Schienenfahrzeug hin verstellt werden. Zudem kann das freie Ende des Abführrohrs 121 um eine Drehachse geschwenkt werden. Durch diese Einstellbarkeit kann die Reinigungseinheit 100 genau zur Tunnelwand oder zur Tunneldecke ausgerichtet werden, so dass die Bürste 123 die Oberfläche 20 berührt. Diese Einstellung erfolgt mittels des Antriebs der Haltevorrichtung. Der Antrieb umfasst hierzu je einen Elektromotor zum Ein- und Ausführen des Teleskoparms und zum Schwenken des freien Endes des Abführrohrs 121. Die Elektromotoren können durch den Bediener im Führerstand 14 des Schienenfahrzeuges 10 oder durch eine automatische Steuerung gesteuert werden.The cleaning module 1 comprises a holding device with a drive (not shown) for the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall. The discharge pipe 120 and the feed pipes 110 of the cleaning unit tunnel wall are held on the rail vehicle 10 by means of the holding device. The holding device comprises a telescopic arm which is mounted at an inner end on the rail vehicle 10 and carries at its outer end the free end of the discharge pipe 121 and the feed pipes 110 mounted on the discharge pipe. As a result, the free end of the discharge pipe 121 is adjustable relative to the rail vehicle 10. The free end of the discharge pipe 121 can be adjusted with the suction mouth 122 transversely to the direction of travel of the rail vehicle 10 away from the rail vehicle 10 or towards the rail vehicle. In addition, the free end of the discharge pipe 121 can be pivoted about an axis of rotation. This adjustability enables the cleaning unit 100 to be aligned precisely with the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling, so that the brush 123 touches the surface 20. This setting is made by means of the drive of the holding device. For this purpose, the drive each includes an electric motor for inserting and removing the telescopic arm and for pivoting the free end of the discharge pipe 121. The electric motors can be controlled by the operator in the driver's cab 14 of the rail vehicle 10 or by an automatic control.

Zur Reinigung des Tunnels wird die Reinigungseinheit 100 für die Tunnelwand zur Oberfläche 20 der Tunnelwand oder der Tunneldecke geführt, so dass die Bürste 123 die Oberfläche 20 des Tunnels berührt. Da die Bürste 123 flexible Borsten umfasst, können kleine Hindernisse wie Kabelkanäle und Schilder mit der Bürste 123 überfahren werden, ohne dass die Reinigungseinheit 100 von der Oberfläche 20 wegbewegt werden muss. Da die Zuführrohre 110 beweglich am Abführrohr 120 gelagert sind, werden sie beim Überfahren von Hindernissen kurzzeitig von der Oberfläche 20 weggedrückt und nehmen dadurch keinen Schaden.To clean the tunnel, the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall is guided to the surface 20 of the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling, so that the brush 123 touches the surface 20 of the tunnel. Since the brush 123 comprises flexible bristles, small obstacles such as cable ducts and signs can be passed over with the brush 123 without the cleaning unit 100 having to be moved away from the surface 20. Since the feed pipes 110 are movably mounted on the discharge pipe 120, they are at the Driving over obstacles briefly pushed away from the surface 20 and thereby take no damage.

Da die am freien Ende des Abführrohrs 121 angebrachte Bürste 123, in Fahrtrichtung 2 gesehen, teilweise vor dem Saugmaul 122 des Abführrohrs 120 angeordnet ist, bürstet diese die zu reinigende Oberfläche 20 zuerst ab, bevor das Saugmaul 122 den Staub und die gelösten Schmutzpartikel absaugt. Damit der Staub und der gelöste Schmutz vom Abführrohr 120 eingesaugt werden, erzeugt das Gebläse des Reinigungsmoduls auf dem Schienenfahrzeug 10 einen Unterdruck, so dass beim freien Ende des Abführrohrs 121 ein Saugstrom entsteht. Die Saugleistung des Gebläses beträgt dabei insgesamt ca. 90'000 m3/h.Since the brush 123 attached to the free end of the discharge pipe 121, viewed in the direction of travel 2, is partially arranged in front of the suction mouth 122 of the discharge pipe 120, it first brushes off the surface 20 to be cleaned before the suction mouth 122 sucks off the dust and the loosened dirt particles. So that the dust and the loosened dirt are sucked in by the discharge pipe 120, the fan of the cleaning module on the rail vehicle 10 generates a negative pressure, so that a suction flow occurs at the free end of the discharge pipe 121. The total suction power of the blower is approx. 90,000 m 3 / h.

Der in den Zuführrohren 110 geführte Luftstrom 130 steht unter einem Druck von ca. 6'000 Pa. Dieser Druck wird vom Kompressor auf dem Schienenfahrzeug 10 erzeugt. Der Luftstrom 130 tritt durch die Düse 113 des Zuführrohrs 110 aus und trifft in Richtung des Saugmauls 122 des Abführrohrs 120 auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche 20. Dadurch wird der Schmutz einerseits von der Oberfläche 20 gelöst und andererseits in Richtung Saugmaul 122 geblasen. Dabei steht die Längsachse eines Endbereichs des Zuführrohrs 110 in einem spitzen Winkel zur Längsachse eines Endbereichs des Abführrohrs 120. Durch die Ausrichtung des Endbereichs des Abführrohrs 120 werden der Staub und der Schmutz in einer ersten Richtung von der Oberfläche abgesaugt. Der Luftstrom 130, der aus der Austrittsöffnung des Zuführrohrs 110 austritt, ist zum Saugmaul 122 des freien Endes des Abführrohrs 121 hin gerichtet und trifft in einer zweiten Richtung auf die Oberfläche auf. Dabei ist die erste Richtung in einem Winkel zwischen 45° und 80° zur zweiten Richtung ausgerichtet.The air flow 130 guided in the feed pipes 110 is under a pressure of approximately 6,000 Pa. This pressure is generated by the compressor on the rail vehicle 10. The air flow 130 exits through the nozzle 113 of the feed pipe 110 and strikes the surface 20 to be cleaned in the direction of the suction mouth 122 of the discharge pipe 120. This removes the dirt from the surface 20 on the one hand and blows it in the direction of the suction mouth 122 on the other hand. The longitudinal axis of an end region of the feed pipe 110 is at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of an end region of the discharge pipe 120. The orientation of the end region of the discharge pipe 120 removes the dust and dirt from the surface in a first direction. The air flow 130, which emerges from the outlet opening of the feed pipe 110, is directed towards the suction mouth 122 of the free end of the discharge pipe 121 and strikes the surface in a second direction. The first direction is oriented at an angle between 45 ° and 80 ° to the second direction.

In den Figuren 2D und 2E ist eine weitere Ausführung der Reinigungseinheit 101 für die Tunnelwand dargestellt. Im Unterschied zur oben beschriebenen Ausführung umfasst diese Reinigungseinheit 101 eine rotierende Bürstenwalze 102. Die Bürstenwalze 102 wird von einem Elektromotor 103 angetrieben, welcher an einem Gehäuse der Bürstenwalze 102 angeordnet ist. Wie in Figur 2E ersichtlich, rotiert die Bürstenwalze 102 in eine Richtung entgegen der Fahrtrichtung 2 des Schienenfahrzeugs 10. Dadurch kann auch Schmutz von der Oberfläche der Tunnelwand oder Tunneldecke gelöst werden, welcher sehr stark an der Oberfläche anhaftet.In the Figures 2D and 2E Another embodiment of the cleaning unit 101 for the tunnel wall is shown. In contrast to the embodiment described above, this cleaning unit 101 comprises a rotating brush roller 102. The brush roller 102 is driven by an electric motor 103 which is arranged on a housing of the brush roller 102. As in Figure 2E can be seen, the brush roller 102 rotates in a direction opposite to the direction of travel 2 of the rail vehicle 10. This can also dirt from the surface of the tunnel wall or tunnel ceiling, which adheres very strongly to the surface.

Die Figur 3 stellt schematisch die Reinigungseinheit 200 für das Schienenbankett dar. Diese umfasst eine Zuführeinrichtung in Form eines Zuführrohres 210 und eine Abführeinrichtung in Form eines Abführrohres 220, welches an seinem freien Ende 221 eine Saugöffnung 222 aufweist. Im Bereich eines freien Endes 211 ist das Zuführrohr 210 unbeweglich mit dem freien Ende 221 des Abführrohrs 220 verbunden (nicht dargestellt). Im Betrieb ist die Längsachse des Endbereichs des Abführrohrs 220 im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Oberfläche 20 des Tunnels ausgerichtet. Der zugeführte Luftstrom 230 tritt im vorderen Bereich des Zuführrohrs 210 durch eine Düse 213 aus diesem aus und trifft in Richtung Saugöffnung 222 des Abführrohrs 220 auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche 20 auf. Das Zuführrohr 210 befindet sich in Fahrtrichtung gesehen hinter dem Abführrohr 220, wobei der austretende Luftstrom 230 in Fahrtrichtung 2 zur Oberfläche 20 hin geführt wird.The Figure 3 schematically represents the cleaning unit 200 for the rail banquet. This comprises a feed device in the form of a feed pipe 210 and a discharge device in the form of a discharge pipe 220, which has a suction opening 222 at its free end 221. In the area of a free end 211, the feed pipe 210 is immovably connected to the free end 221 of the discharge pipe 220 (not shown). In operation, the longitudinal axis of the end portion of the discharge tube 220 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the surface 20 of the tunnel. The supplied air flow 230 emerges in the front region of the feed pipe 210 through a nozzle 213 and strikes the surface 20 to be cleaned in the direction of the suction opening 222 of the discharge pipe 220. The feed pipe 210 is located behind the discharge pipe 220, viewed in the direction of travel, the emerging air flow 230 being guided in the direction of travel 2 to the surface 20.

Der Winkel zwischen der Richtung in der der Luftstrom 230 auf die Oberfläche auftritt und der Richtung in der der Schmutz vom Abführrohr 220 abgesaugt wird, liegt in einem Bereich zwischen 45° und 80°.The angle between the direction in which the air flow 230 occurs on the surface and the direction in which the dirt is sucked off from the discharge pipe 220 is in a range between 45 ° and 80 °.

Wie oben bei der Reinigungseinheit 100 für die Tunnelwand beschrieben, wird der Schmutz im Bankett durch den zugeführten Luftstrom 230 gelöst und mit der Saugöffnung 222 des Abführrohrs 220 abgesaugt. Die Saugöffnung 222 weist einen kreisrunden Querschnitt auf, vorzugsweise mit einem Innendurchmesser zwischen 20 cm und 40 cm. Das Abführrohr 220 weist im Bereich seines freien Endes 221 einen Endabschnitt 224 aus einem steifen Material, wie z. B. Stahlblech, auf. Dieser Endabschnitt 224 ist kegelförmig ausgebildet (in Figur 3 nicht dargestellt) und über eine flexible Abführrohrleitung mit dem Schmutzbehälter 13 und dem Gebläse auf dem Schienenfahrzeug 10 verbunden. Dabei ist der Endabschnitt 224 mittels zweier Ketten derart an einem Aufbau des Schienenfahrzeuges 10 befestigt, dass der Endabschnitt 224 und damit die Saugöffnung 222 und das freie Ende des Zuführrohrs 211 in vertikaler Richtung relativ zum Bankett verstellt werden können.As described above for the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall, the dirt in the banquet is loosened by the supplied air flow 230 and suctioned off with the suction opening 222 of the discharge pipe 220. The suction opening 222 has a circular cross section, preferably with an inner diameter between 20 cm and 40 cm. The discharge pipe 220 has in the region of its free end 221 an end portion 224 made of a rigid material, such as. B. steel sheet. This end section 224 is conical (in Figure 3 not shown) and connected via a flexible discharge pipe to the dirt container 13 and the blower on the rail vehicle 10. The end section 224 is fastened to a structure of the rail vehicle 10 by means of two chains in such a way that the end section 224 and thus the suction opening 222 and the free end of the feed pipe 211 can be adjusted in the vertical direction relative to the banquet.

Die Figur 4 stellt die Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett schematisch dar. Diese umfasst mehrere Zuführrohre 310 und mehrere Abführrohre 320. Die Zuführrohre 310 sind in Fahrtrichtung gesehen vor und hinter den Abführrohren 320 sowie quer zur Fahrtrichtung seitlich der Abführrohre 320 angeordnet, ersichtlich in den Figuren 5 und 6.The Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed. This comprises a plurality of feed pipes 310 and a plurality of discharge pipes 320. The feed pipes 310 are arranged in front of and behind the discharge pipes 320 as seen in the direction of travel and laterally to the side of the discharge pipes 320 as seen in FIGS Figures 5 and 6 .

Die Abführrohre 320 sind in zwei Reihen nebeneinander quer zur Fahrtrichtung angeordnet. Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett zwei Gruppen von je 15 Abführrohren 320 in Form von Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2. Diese Anordnung der Abführrohre 320 ist in den Figuren 5 und 7 ersichtlich und nachfolgend im Detail beschrieben.The discharge pipes 320 are arranged in two rows next to one another transversely to the direction of travel. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed comprises two groups of 15 discharge pipes 320 each in the form of discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2. This arrangement of the discharge pipes 320 is shown in FIGS Figures 5 and 7 can be seen and described in detail below.

Jedes Abführrohr 320 weist einen Innendurchmesser von 10 cm auf, der Aussendurchmesser ist geringfügig grösser. Es ergibt sich eine von den Abführrohren 320 abgedeckte maximale Breite von über 4 m. Zudem umfasst jedes Abführrohr 320 im Bereich seines freien Endes ein Endelement 325, welches aus einem steifen Material, wie beispielsweise Stahlblech, geformt ist. Das Endelement 325 hat dabei einen kreisrunden Querschnitt und bildet ein Saugmaul 322 zum Absaugen des Schmutzes und Abfalls von der Oberfläche. In Saugrichtung gesehen hinter dem Endelement 325 ist ein flexibler Abschnitt 326 angeordnet, der einen Balg umfasst, welcher eine Längenkontraktion ermöglicht (vgl. Figuren 5 - 7). Die flexiblen Abschnitte 326 mehrerer Abführrohre 320 sind mit einer Haube 327 verbunden. Dabei bildet die Haube 327 mit den Abführrohren 320 eine Abführrohreinheit 350.1, 350.2, welche vorzugsweise 10 - 15 Abführrohre 320 umfasst. Die Haube 327 jeder Abführrohreinheit 350.1, 350.2 ist je über ein Hauptabführrohr 351 mit dem Schmutzbehälter 13 und dem Gebläse auf dem Schienenfahrzeug 10 verbunden.Each discharge pipe 320 has an inner diameter of 10 cm, the outer diameter is slightly larger. The maximum width covered by the discharge pipes 320 is more than 4 m. In addition, each discharge pipe 320 comprises an end element 325 in the region of its free end, which is formed from a rigid material, such as sheet steel. The end element 325 has a circular cross section and forms a suction mouth 322 for suctioning the dirt and waste from the surface. When viewed in the suction direction, a flexible section 326 is arranged behind the end element 325, which comprises a bellows, which enables a length contraction (cf. Figures 5 - 7 ). The flexible sections 326 of a plurality of discharge pipes 320 are connected to a hood 327. The hood 327 forms with the discharge pipes 320 a discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2, which preferably comprises 10-15 discharge pipes 320. The hood 327 of each discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 is each connected to the dirt container 13 and the blower on the rail vehicle 10 via a main discharge pipe 351.

Durch den balgartigen flexiblen Abschnitt 326 können die Endelemente 325 der Abführrohre 320 relativ zur Haube 327 einzeln und unabhängig von den anderen Endelementen 325 in vertikaler Richtung mit Kabelzügen angehoben und abgesenkt werden. Diese Verstellung erfolgt, indem ein Endelement 325 mittels zweier Kabel, die am Endelement 325 befestigt sind, in vertikaler Richtung angehoben oder abgesenkt wird. Die Kabel können durch den Bediener im Führerstand 14 betätigt werden, um die Endelemente 325 während des Betriebs verstellen zu können. In weiteren Ausführungen können die Endelemente 325 auch mittels elektrischem, hydraulischem oder pneumatischem Antrieb angehoben oder abgesenkt werden. Ein einzelnes Endelement 325 kann bis maximal 30 cm relativ zu den anderen Endelementen 325 angehoben werden. Dadurch können die Endelemente 325 im Bereich einer Weiche oder bei einem Hindernis einzeln und unabhängig voneinander angehoben oder abgesenkt werden, um dadurch den Untergrund passgenau zu reinigen. Zudem ist die Haube 327 zusammen mit den Abführrohren 320 als Ganzes relativ zum Schienenfahrzeug 10 verstellbar. Diese Verstellmöglichkeit wird weiter unten in Zusammenhang mit den Figuren 5 und 6 im Detail beschrieben.Due to the bellows-like flexible section 326, the end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320 can be raised and lowered individually and independently of the other end elements 325 in the vertical direction with cable pulls relative to the hood 327. This adjustment takes place in that an end element 325 is raised or lowered in the vertical direction by means of two cables which are fastened to the end element 325. The cables can be operated by the operator in the driver's cab 14 in order to be able to adjust the end elements 325 during operation. In other versions, the End elements 325 can also be raised or lowered by means of an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drive. A single end element 325 can be raised up to a maximum of 30 cm relative to the other end elements 325. As a result, the end elements 325 can be raised or lowered individually and independently of one another in the area of a switch or in the case of an obstacle, in order thereby to clean the surface precisely. In addition, the hood 327 together with the discharge pipes 320 as a whole is adjustable relative to the rail vehicle 10. This adjustment option is described below in connection with the Figures 5 and 6 described in detail.

Der flexible Abschnitt 326 erlaubt ferner ein Verschwenken des jeweiligen Abführrohrs 320, wenn dessen Endelement 325 ein Hindernis touchiert.The flexible section 326 also allows the respective discharge pipe 320 to be pivoted when its end element 325 touches an obstacle.

Wie in der Figur 4 schematisch angedeutet, sind der Bereich der freien Enden der Zuführrohre 310, die Endelemente 325 und die flexiblen Abschnitte 326 der Abführohre 320 von einer Kammer 340 umgeben. Diese umfasst vier Seitenwände und einen Deckel. In der Kammer 340 ist ein Unterdruck von rund 40'000 Pa erzeugbar. Die unteren Bereiche der Seitenwände der Kammer 340 werden aus elastischen Schürzen gebildet. Dadurch kann die gesamte Kammer 340 mit der Reinigungseinheit 300 auf das Schienenbett abgesenkt werden, so dass im Bereich der Schienen die elastischen Schürzen durch die Schienen weggedrückt werden.Like in the Figure 4 The area of the free ends of the feed pipes 310, the end elements 325 and the flexible sections 326 of the discharge pipes 320 are surrounded by a chamber 340. This includes four side walls and a lid. A vacuum of around 40,000 Pa can be generated in chamber 340. The lower portions of the side walls of chamber 340 are formed from elastic aprons. As a result, the entire chamber 340 with the cleaning unit 300 can be lowered onto the rail bed, so that the elastic aprons are pressed away by the rails in the region of the rails.

Wie bei der Reinigungseinheit 100 für die Tunnelwand und der Reinigungseinheit 200 für das Bankett dienen die Zuführrohre 310 der Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett dazu, mit einem Luftstrom 330 den Schmutz von der zu reinigenden Oberfläche zu lösen. Der gelöste Schmutz wird durch die Saugmaule 322 der Abführrohre 320 in einer ersten Richtung von der Oberfläche abgesaugt. Der Luftstrom 330, der aus einer Düse 313 im Zuführrohr 310 austritt, ist zu den Saugmaulen 322 hin gerichtet und trifft in einer zweiten Richtung auf die Oberfläche auf. Dabei ist die erste Richtung in einem Winkel zwischen 45° und 80° zur zweiten Richtung ausgerichtet.As with the cleaning unit 100 for the tunnel wall and the cleaning unit 200 for the banquet, the feed pipes 310 of the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed serve to remove the dirt from the surface to be cleaned with an air flow 330. The loosened dirt is sucked off from the surface in a first direction by the suction mouth 322 of the discharge pipes 320. The air flow 330, which emerges from a nozzle 313 in the feed pipe 310, is directed towards the suction jaws 322 and strikes the surface in a second direction. The first direction is oriented at an angle between 45 ° and 80 ° to the second direction.

Die Figur 5 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemässen Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett, montiert auf dem Schienenfahrzeug 10. Dabei ist mit einem Kreis ein Ausschnitt markiert, der in der Figur 6 vergrössert dargestellt ist.The Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the cleaning unit 300 according to the invention for the rail bed, mounted on the rail vehicle 10. A section is marked with a circle, which in the Figure 6 is shown enlarged.

Zudem ist in Figur 5 die Kammer 340 ersichtlich, die auf einer Unterseite des Schienenfahrzeuges 10 angeordnet ist und eine rechteckförmige Grundfläche aufweist. Die begrenzende Umrandung der Kammer 340 umfasst vier vertikal orientierte Seitenwände, die durch elastische Schürzen gebildet sind (vgl. Figur 6). Sie sind in zwei Hälften angeordnet, welche in horizontaler Richtung, quer zur Fahrtrichtung, relativ zueinander verstellt werden können. Dadurch ist die Grundfläche bzw. das Volumen der Kammer 340 veränderbar. Die Schürzen sind an einem rahmenartigen Gestänge 341 befestigt. Nach oben ist die Kammer durch einen (durchsichtigen) Deckel abgeschlossen.In addition, in Figure 5 the chamber 340 can be seen, which is arranged on an underside of the rail vehicle 10 and has a rectangular base area. The delimiting border of the chamber 340 comprises four vertically oriented side walls, which are formed by elastic aprons (cf. Figure 6 ). They are arranged in two halves, which can be adjusted relative to each other in the horizontal direction, transversely to the direction of travel. The base area or the volume of the chamber 340 can thereby be changed. The aprons are attached to a frame-like linkage 341. The chamber is closed at the top by a (transparent) cover.

In Figur 5 ist erkennbar, dass entlang den vier Seitenwänden der Kammer 340 die Zuführrohre 310 angeordnet sind. Der Einfachheit halber sind in den Figuren 5 - 8 nur die jeweils vordersten Bereiche der freien Enden der Zuführrohre 310 dargestellt. Die Zuführrohre 310 sind am rahmenartigen Gestänge 341 befestigt und zwar schwenkbar, so dass sie weggeschwenkt werden, wenn sie ein Hindernis touchieren. Die jeweiligen Auslässe der Zuführrohre 310 weisen gegen die Mitte der Kammer 340 zu den dort angeordneten Abführrohren 320. Dadurch wird im Betrieb der Staub und Schmutz durch den Luftstrom 330 aus den Zuführrohren 310 in Fahrtrichtung wie auch quer zur Fahrtrichtung zu den Saugmäulern 322 der Abführrohre 320 in der Kammer 340 geblasen.In Figure 5 it can be seen that the feed pipes 310 are arranged along the four side walls of the chamber 340. For the sake of simplicity, the Figures 5 - 8 only the foremost areas of the free ends of the feed pipes 310 are shown. The feed pipes 310 are fastened to the frame-like linkage 341 and are pivotable so that they are pivoted away when they touch an obstacle. The respective outlets of the feed pipes 310 point towards the center of the chamber 340 to the discharge pipes 320 arranged there. In operation, the dust and dirt caused by the air flow 330 from the feed pipes 310 in the direction of travel as well as transversely to the direction of travel to the suction mouths 322 of the discharge pipes 320 blown in chamber 340.

In die Kammer 340 münden zudem die zwei Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2. Hierzu ist jeweils die Haube 327 der Abführrohreinheit 350.1, 350.2 mit dem rahmenartigen Gestänge 341 der Kammer 340 verbunden. Weiter sind in Figur 5 die Hauptabführrohre 351 ersichtlich, welche je die Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.1 mit dem Schmutzbehälter 13 verbinden.The two discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 also open into the chamber 340. For this purpose, the hood 327 of the discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 is connected to the frame-like linkage 341 of the chamber 340. Next are in Figure 5 the main discharge pipes 351 can be seen, which each connect the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.1 to the dirt container 13.

Wie in Figur 5 ersichtlich ist, umfasst die Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett eine Verstelleinrichtung 370 zum Verstellen der Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 relativ zum Schienenfahrzeug 10. Hierzu beinhaltet die Verstelleinrichtung 370 zwei quer verlaufende lineare Führungen, entlang denen die Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges 10 verschiebbar sind. Die Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 werden dabei manuell von Hand oder mittels elektrischem, hydraulischem oder pneumatischem Antrieb verschoben. So kann jede Abführrohreinheit 350.1, 350.2 je auf eine Seite von der Fahrzeugmitte aus nach aussen verschoben werden. Dabei werden die beiden Hälften der Kammer 340 ebenfalls relativ zueinander nach aussen verschoben. Die Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 können dabei soweit von der Fahrzeugmitte nach aussen verschoben werden, bis sich die Reihen der Abführrohre 320 in Fahrtrichtung gesehen nicht mehr überlappen, so dass alle Abführrohre 320 nebeneinander angeordnet sind, ersichtlich in Figur 7.As in Figure 5 It can be seen that the cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed comprises an adjusting device 370 for adjusting the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 relative to the rail vehicle 10. For this purpose, the adjusting device 370 contains two transverse linear guides, along which the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 can be displaced transversely to the direction of travel of the rail vehicle 10 are. The discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 are moved manually by hand or by means of an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drive. In this way, each discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 can be moved outwards on one side from the center of the vehicle. In doing so the two halves of chamber 340 are also displaced outwards relative to one another. The discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 can be moved outwards from the center of the vehicle until the rows of discharge pipes 320 no longer overlap when viewed in the direction of travel, so that all discharge pipes 320 are arranged next to one another, as shown in FIG Figure 7 .

Weiter umfasst die Verstelleinrichtung 370 Hebezüge, mit denen die Kammer 340 zusammen mit beiden Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 in vertikaler Richtung zum Schienenbett abgesenkt oder angehoben werden können. Zusätzlich zu dieser Verstellmöglichkeit umfasst jede Abführrohreinheit 350.1, 350.2 die oben in Zusammenhang mit Figur 4 beschriebenen Kabelzüge, um die Endelemente 325 der Abführrohre 320 einzeln und unabhängig voneinander verstellen zu können. Die Verstelleinrichtung 370 umfasst zudem Elektromotoren, um die Kabelzüge zu betätigen und um die Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 entlang den Führungen zu bewegen. Die Elektromotoren können dabei aus dem Führerstand 14 durch den Bediener gesteuert werden. Ferner sind auch die Kabelzüge für die einzelnen Abführrohre 340 vom Führerstand 14 aus betätigbar. Alternativ können die Endelemente 325, wie oben erwähnt, auch mittels elektrischem, hydraulischem oder pneumatischem Antrieb angehoben oder abgesenkt werden.The adjustment device 370 also includes hoists with which the chamber 340 can be lowered or raised in the vertical direction of the rail bed together with both discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2. In addition to this adjustment option, each discharge pipe unit 350.1, 350.2 includes the above in connection with Figure 4 described cable pulls in order to be able to adjust the end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320 individually and independently of one another. The adjusting device 370 also includes electric motors to actuate the cable pulls and to move the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 along the guides. The electric motors can be controlled by the operator from the driver's cab 14. Furthermore, the cable pulls for the individual discharge pipes 340 can also be actuated from the driver's cab 14. Alternatively, as mentioned above, the end elements 325 can also be raised or lowered by means of an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drive.

Weiter kann aus dem Führerstand 14 der Bediener den Kompressor zur Erzeugung des Luftdrucks in den Zuführrohren 110, 210, 310 und das Gebläse zur Erzeugung der Saugleistung in den Abführrohren 120, 220, 320 steuern. Der Kompressor erzeugt einen Luftdruck von 600'000 Pa und erreicht einen Volumenstrom von ca. 2'100 m3/h. Das Gebläse erreicht eine Saugleistung von 90'000 m3/h.Furthermore, the operator can control the compressor for generating the air pressure in the supply pipes 110, 210, 310 and the fan for generating the suction power in the discharge pipes 120, 220, 320 from the driver's cab 14. The compressor generates an air pressure of 600,000 Pa and reaches a volume flow of approx. 2,100 m 3 / h. The blower achieves a suction power of 90,000 m 3 / h.

Während die Figur 6 die Position der Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett in einer Bereitschaftsposition zeigt, in welcher die Kammer 340 angehoben ist, zeigt die Figur 7 die Position der Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett während der Reinigung des Schienenbetts, wobei sich die Kammer 340 in einer abgesenkten Reinigungsposition befindet. In der dargestellten Reinigungsposition sind die beiden Hälften der Kammer 340 relativ zueinander quer zur Fahrtrichtung auseinander geschoben und die zwei Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 sind ebenfalls relativ zueinander quer zur Fahrtrichtung auseinander verschoben, so dass die Abführrohreinheiten 350.1, 350.2 nebeneinander angeordnet sind und dadurch die Abführrohre 320 eine maximale Breite des Schienenbetts abdecken können.While the Figure 6 shows the position of the rail bed cleaning unit 300 in a standby position in which the chamber 340 is raised Figure 7 the position of the rail bed cleaning unit 300 during cleaning of the rail bed, with the chamber 340 in a lowered cleaning position. In the cleaning position shown, the two halves of the chamber 340 are pushed apart relative to one another transversely to the direction of travel and the two discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 are also mutually transverse to the direction of travel moved apart so that the discharge pipe units 350.1, 350.2 are arranged next to one another and the discharge pipes 320 can thereby cover a maximum width of the rail bed.

In der Reinigungsposition können auch kleinere Hindernisse wie Signale oder Schilder, welche maximal 30 cm vom Untergrund aufragen, überfahren werden, ohne dass die Kammer 340 angehoben werden muss. Da die Zuführrohre 310 beweglich am rahmenartigen Gestänge 341 gelagert sind, werden sie durch das Hindernis kurzzeitig nach oben weggeschwenkt. Das Gleiche geschieht mit den Endelementen 325 der Abführrohre 320. Diese können dank des flexiblen Abschnitts 326 durch ein Hindernis weggedrückt werden, ohne dabei Schaden zu nehmen. Aufgrund der Schwerkraft erreichen sie automatisch wieder ihre Arbeitsposition, sobald das Hindernis überfahren worden ist.In the cleaning position, smaller obstacles such as signals or signs, which protrude a maximum of 30 cm from the ground, can be passed over without the chamber 340 having to be raised. Since the feed pipes 310 are movably mounted on the frame-like linkage 341, they are briefly pivoted upwards by the obstacle. The same happens with the end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320. Thanks to the flexible section 326, these can be pushed away by an obstacle without being damaged in the process. Due to the force of gravity, they automatically return to their working position as soon as the obstacle has been passed.

Die Reinigungseinheit 300 für das Schienenbett kann so abgesenkt werden, dass sich die freien Enden der Zuführrohre 310 und der Abführrohre 320 nahe, vorzugsweise bis 2 cm über dem Schotterbett oder dem Festbett der Schienen befinden. Durch die beschriebene Anordnung der Abführrohre 320 und die Verstellmöglichkeit der einzelnen Endelemente 325 kann das Schienenbett auch im Bereich einer Weiche gründlich gereinigt werden, da die Endelemente 325 der Abführrohre 320 einzeln angehoben oder abgesenkt werden können, um die Absaugfläche exakt auf den Untergrund abzustimmen.The cleaning unit 300 for the rail bed can be lowered such that the free ends of the feed pipes 310 and the discharge pipes 320 are close, preferably up to 2 cm, above the ballast bed or the fixed bed of the rails. Due to the arrangement of the discharge pipes 320 described and the possibility of adjusting the individual end elements 325, the rail bed can also be cleaned thoroughly in the area of a switch, since the end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320 can be raised or lowered individually in order to match the suction surface exactly to the surface.

Die Verstellung der Endelemente 325 kann manuell erfolgen. In einer weiteren Ausführung kann die Verstellung jedoch auch automatisiert werden. Hierzu umfasst das Reinigungsmodul 300 den Abführrohren 320 in Fahrtrichtung vorgeordnete Sensoren zum Erfassen des Schienenbetts und eine Steuereinheit zum Auswerten der Sensorsignale und zum Steuern der Verstelleinrichtung 370. Bei dieser Ausführung wird während des Fahrens der Untergrund laufend durch die Sensoren überwacht. Wird ein Hindernis erkannt, verstellt die Steuereinheit die einzelnen Endelemente 325 der Abführrohre 320. So werden beispielsweise einzelne Endelemente 325 angehoben, wenn das Schienenfahrzeug 10 über eine Weiche fährt oder ein grösseres Hindernis im Weg steht.The end elements 325 can be adjusted manually. In a further embodiment, however, the adjustment can also be automated. For this purpose, the cleaning module 300 comprises sensors arranged upstream of the discharge pipes 320 in the direction of travel for detecting the rail bed and a control unit for evaluating the sensor signals and for controlling the adjusting device 370. In this embodiment, the surface is continuously monitored by the sensors while the vehicle is traveling. If an obstacle is detected, the control unit adjusts the individual end elements 325 of the discharge pipes 320. For example, individual end elements 325 are raised when the rail vehicle 10 is driving over a switch or a larger obstacle is in the way.

Die Figur 8 zeigt eine Ansicht der Reinigungseinheit 300 quer zur Fahrtrichtung. Ersichtlich sind insbesondere die Zuführrohre 310, die entlang der Umrandung der Kammer 340 angeordnet sind. Ihre Mündungen sind unterhalb einer durch den Schienenkopf 23 definierten Abrollebene positioniert. Die Schürzen, welche die Seitenwände der Kammer 340 bilden, reichen zudem fast bis auf die feste Fahrbahn 22, so dass innerhalb der Kammer 340 mit einer relativ geringen Saugleistung ein Unterdruck aufgebaut werden kann. Einige der Zuführrohre 310 sind auf der Aussenseite der Kammer 340 am rahmenartigen Gestänge 341 angeordnet. Ihre Mündung weist zum untersten Bereich der Tunnelwand 21 hin. Die über diese Zuführrohre abgegebene Druckluft löst Staub und Schmutz in diesem Bereich. Aufgrund des Unterdrucks in der Kammer 340 wird auch dieser Staub und Schmutz nach innen in die Kammer 340 gesaugt und somit entfernt.The Figure 8 shows a view of the cleaning unit 300 transversely to the direction of travel. In particular, the feed pipes 310, which are arranged along the edge of the chamber 340, can be seen. Their mouths are positioned below a rolling plane defined by the rail head 23. The aprons, which form the side walls of the chamber 340, also extend almost to the fixed track 22, so that a vacuum can be built up within the chamber 340 with a relatively low suction power. Some of the feed pipes 310 are arranged on the outside of the chamber 340 on the frame-like linkage 341. Their mouth points to the lowest area of the tunnel wall 21. The compressed air released through these feed pipes releases dust and dirt in this area. Due to the negative pressure in the chamber 340, this dust and dirt is sucked inward into the chamber 340 and thus removed.

Zusammenfassend ist festzustellen, dass durch die erfindungsgemässe Reinigungsvorrichtung ein effizientes und gleichzeitig gründliches Reinigen eines Tunnels ermöglicht wird.In summary, it can be stated that the cleaning device according to the invention enables an efficient and at the same time thorough cleaning of a tunnel.

Claims (14)

  1. Cleaning device for the dry cleaning of a tunnel, comprising
    a) a feeding device (310) for feeding a flow of air to a surface being cleaned, wherein the feeding device has an exit opening, through which the flow of air emerges from the feeding device (310)
    b) a removal device comprising at least one removal pipe (320) with a free end with an opening (322) for suctioning away dirt or trash from the surface with the opening (322) of the free end in a first direction,
    characterized in that
    the feeding device (310) is arranged such that the flow of air from the exit opening emerges from the feeding device (310) in a second direction toward the opening (322) of the free end of the removal pipe (320) and impinges on the surface, the first direction being oriented at an angle between 45° and 80° to the second direction,
    wherein
    the removal device comprises several removal pipes, arranged next to each other in a row, for the suctioning, each having a free end with an opening in the first direction,
    and the removal pipes (320) comprise an end element (325) at an end of the removal pipe directed toward the surface being cleaned, wherein the end element of a first removal pipe of the several removal pipes (320) is movable relative to a second removal pipe of the several removal pipes (320), characterized in that the end element (325) is movable relative to the feeding device (310).
  2. Cleaning device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the removal device comprises at least 10 removal pipes (320) per meter, especially preferably at least 20 removal pipes (320) per meter.
  3. Cleaning device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the removal pipe (320) has an inner diameter between 5 and 30 cm, preferably an inner diameter between 8 and 20 cm.
  4. Cleaning device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the removal pipe (320) has a flexible region (326) after the end element (325) in the suction direction and then a rigid region, so that the end element (325) can swivel relative to the rigid region of the removal pipe (320).
  5. Cleaning device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the feeding device comprises several feed pipes (310) for the feeding of the flow of air.
  6. Cleaning device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a brush is arranged in an end region of the removal pipe, for brushing off the surface being cleaned.
  7. Cleaning module (1) comprising a cleaning device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, a compressed air source for generating an air pressure in the feeding device, a suction device for generating a partial vacuum in the removal device, and a container (13) to hold the suctioned dirt and trash.
  8. Cleaning module (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the volume flow for the feeding device generated by the compressed air source is between 1000 m3/h and 4000 m3/h.
  9. Cleaning module according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the suction power generated for the removal device by the suction device is between 20,000 m3/h and 60,000 m3/h.
  10. Cleaning module (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized by a chamber (340) formed by four side walls and a cover, wherein at least one lower end region of the removal device and a lower end region of the feeding device are enclosed by the chamber (340), wherein a pressure can be generated in the chamber which is less than atmospheric pressure.
  11. Cleaning module(1) according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized by a detection device for detecting obstacles, an evaluation unit and a drive for adjusting the removal device in the vertical direction relative to the feeding device, wherein the detection device is designed to send signals to the evaluation unit and wherein the evaluation unit is designed to control the drive in dependence on the signals.
  12. Rail vehicle (10) comprising a cleaning module (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 11.
  13. Rail vehicle (10) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the rail vehicle (10) comprises at least four wheels each with a running surface, wherein the free end of the removal pipe (320) can be lowered past the lowermost point on the running surface of a wheel by at least 15 cm, preferably at least 20 cm, in the vertical direction.
  14. Method for the dry cleaning of a tunnel with a cleaning device according to Claim 1 to 6, involving the steps
    - positioning of the cleaning device relative to the surface being cleaned,
    - moving the cleaning device relative to the surface along a longitudinal axis of the tunnel,
    - during the movement, feeding a flow of air onto the surface, so that dirt or trash is loosened from the surface, and
    - during the movement, removing the loosened dirt or trash from the surface with a removal device, characterized in that at least one removal pipe of several removal pipes (320) of the removal device is moved during the cleaning of the tunnel in a direction relative to the surface and relative to another one of the removal pipes which is different from the longitudinal axis of the tunnel.
EP17177161.1A 2017-06-21 2017-06-21 Tunnel cleaning device Active EP3418450B1 (en)

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EP17177161.1A EP3418450B1 (en) 2017-06-21 2017-06-21 Tunnel cleaning device
US16/013,319 US10850313B2 (en) 2017-06-21 2018-06-20 Tunnel cleaning device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US10850313B2 (en) 2020-12-01

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