EP3416867B1 - Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating the variation of wheels diameter for rail vehicles and rail vehicle - Google Patents
Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating the variation of wheels diameter for rail vehicles and rail vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3416867B1 EP3416867B1 EP17700443.9A EP17700443A EP3416867B1 EP 3416867 B1 EP3416867 B1 EP 3416867B1 EP 17700443 A EP17700443 A EP 17700443A EP 3416867 B1 EP3416867 B1 EP 3416867B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bogie
- lifting
- air
- supporting surface
- springs
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
- B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
- B61F5/10—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating fluid springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
- B61F5/52—Bogie frames
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bogie for a rail vehicle, a method for compensating for changes in the diameter of rail vehicle wheels, and a rail vehicle with a corresponding device according to the preambles of the independent claims.
- rail vehicles have metal wheels that run on metal rails.
- the wheels wear out with use. That means they show signs of wear. This means that the wheels must be turned over after a long period of operation.
- the spinning of the wheels is accompanied by a change in the diameter of the wheels.
- the wheels are mounted on axle shafts which are resiliently attached to a frame which is in turn resiliently connected to a body of the rail vehicle.
- a change in the diameter of the wheels therefore means that the entry edges of the car bodies have a difference compared to a fixed height, for example a platform, after the wheels have been turned. This difference must be corrected.
- a bogie according to the invention for a rail vehicle includes the features of claim 1. Additionally or alternatively, the vertical distance can be fixed by means of the lifting element.
- a bearing surface of the bogie can be arranged, for example, on a traverse of the bogie.
- An arrangement on a plate above an air suspension is also conceivable.
- the lifting surface of the lifting element is at a vertical distance from the support surface, at least in a raised state. It is conceivable that the lifting surface and the bearing surface are horizontally spaced and/or are arranged on different elements of the bogie.
- the spacer element can be inserted into the vertical distance to permanently increase the distance between the wheel axle and the step edge.
- a lifting element with a lifting surface on the bogie makes it possible to manufacture the lifting element as an integral part of the bogie. No additional devices are required to increase the vertical distance. It is conceivable that the spacer element, which can be inserted into the vertical space, can also be manufactured as an integral part of the bogie. For example, it is conceivable to manufacture the spacer element as a toothed rack with a backstop. An adjustable set screw that can be fixed in a preferred position would also be conceivable. In particular, however, it is also conceivable to provide spacer elements which can be twisted in relation to one another in such a way that they have different thicknesses as a result of twisting.
- the lifting element is preferably arranged integrally on the bogie.
- the lifting element is thus designed as part of the bogie and/or at least permanently attached.
- the lifting element can preferably be actuated hydraulically or pneumatically.
- rail vehicles typically have devices and/or circuits that are pneumatic and, in some cases, also hydraulic are actuated. It is thus possible to actuate the lifting element independently of external devices or drives.
- one or more air springs of an air suspension system are designed as lifting elements between the frame and the bearing surface of the bogie.
- At least one first air spring preferably two first air springs, is each assigned a lifting surface and a second air spring, preferably two air springs, is each assigned a bearing surface.
- the first or the first air springs can be arranged under a first car body and the second or the second air springs can be arranged under a second car body.
- shut-off means for separating the groups of air springs from one another are provided between the individual groups of air springs of an air suspension system.
- a car body can thus be raised independently of another car body.
- Raising a car body by means of the associated air spring group allows the adjacent second car body end, which is connected to the first car body, to be raised at the same time.
- the air springs under the first car body are pressurized and the air springs under the second car body have a lower pressure than the air springs under the first car body. They are preferably pressureless.
- the second car body can be spaced with spacer elements.
- the air springs can preferably be pressurized via a compressed air system that is already present on the rail vehicle for the operation of the air suspension.
- the air suspension preferably has a coupling element for connection to an external source of compressed air.
- the individual groups of air springs preferably have separate clutch elements.
- the bogie can be designed as a Jakobs bogie.
- a spacer element of the bogie can be made up of several parts and its thickness can be variable. The thickness can preferably be adjusted by twisting individual elements of the spacer element against one another.
- a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for compensating for diameter changes in rail vehicle wheels according to claim 5.
- the spacer element is inserted to permanently space the lifting surface from the support surface in such a way that a height between the wheel axle and a boarding edge of the rail vehicle is permanently increased.
- the distance is preferably changed with a lifting element arranged integrally on the bogie.
- a lifting element arranged integrally on the bogie.
- a spacer element is preferably adjusted to a desired thickness. This makes it possible to use a spacer element which is already designed as a component of the bogie before the distance is increased.
- the thickness of the spacer element is preferably adjusted by twisting individual elements of the spacer element against one another.
- the spacer element can thus be manufactured from a plurality of mutually complementary elements.
- the lifting element can be depressurized, in particular by draining or relieving the fluid.
- the lifting element is preferably brought back into an initial position with a restoring element. All elements can thus be returned to their original position. This prevents the unintentional introduction of forces and/or impairment of the function due to environmental influences such as dirt or water.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a rail vehicle according to claim 9.
- the figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a conventional bogie 100 for rail vehicles.
- the bogie 100 has two axles 20 on which wheels 101 are arranged.
- the axles 20 are suspended from a frame 10, with an unspecified suspension between the axle and the frame 10.
- the bogie 100 has a traverse as a support element 30 .
- the support element 30 is connected to the frame 10 by means of a spring system, which is also not specified in more detail.
- the suspension may be air suspension or some other alternative suspension.
- the support element 30 has a support surface 31 in its upper area.
- the bearing surface 31 is at a distance Z from the lower edge of the wheels 101, and thus from the upper edge of the rail SOK.
- the distance Z decreases as the diameter of the wheels 101 decreases, for example due to wear or over-speeding of the wheels.
- the bearing surface 31 correlates, for example, with a boarding edge of a platform. If the wheels 101 are overwound, ie their diameter is reduced, a desired dimension between the contact surface 31 and the platform changes. This needs to be corrected.
- figure 2 shows a perspective view of the bogie 100 figure 1 .
- FIG 2 shows a perspective view of the bogie 100 figure 1 .
- the bogie 100 has four wheels 101 which are each arranged in pairs on a wheel axle 20 .
- the wheel axles 20 are arranged on a frame 10, on which in turn a support element 30 is arranged as a traverse.
- the support element 30 is connected to the frame 10 by means of resilient elements, not designated in any more detail here, which in turn is connected to the wheel axles 20 by means of resilient elements.
- the support element has a lifting element 50 on each side, which in the present case is additionally designed to center a car body arranged on the bogie 100 .
- the lifting elements 50 each have a reset mechanism 51 . Function and design of the elements 50 are in the following figure 3 described.
- the Figures 3a and 3b show a schematic representation of the lifting elements in several operating states.
- the Figure 3a shows a lifting element 50 in an initial position.
- the lifting element 50 is designed as a cylindrical pin, which has a collar in the area of reference number 55 .
- the collar has a lifting surface 55 on its upper side.
- the lifting element 50 is located in a bore 61 of the support element 30.
- a seal 63 which seals a cavity below the lifting element 50, is arranged in the bore. This cavity is connected to a fluid supply channel 62 via a coupling element 64, in this case a connection nipple, to the outside area.
- a fluid can be introduced into the cavity of the bore 61 via the coupling element 64 .
- This fluid pushes the lifting element 50 upwards (see Figure 3b ).
- the sealing function between the seal 62 and the lifting element 50 is interrupted.
- the fluid pumped in via the coupling element 64 can escape via an annular gap around the cylindrical lifting element 50 . A further movement of the lifting element 50 upwards is therefore no longer possible.
- the lifting element 50 is shown in the first operational state, ie in the factory state.
- the broken line on the surface 55, which correlates with the lifting surface 55, can be, for example, the underside of a car body.
- fluid can be introduced into the bore 61 via the coupling element 64 .
- the lifting element 50 and in particular the lifting surface 55 moves upwards, a vertical distance A is created between the lifting surface 55 and in particular between an underside of the car body (dashed line) and a bearing surface 31.
- a spacer element can now be inserted in this distance A.
- the distance A is permanently increased.
- a spacer element on the bearing surface 31 increases the distance between the new bearing surface 31, ie the upper edge of the spacer element, and the wheel axle.
- the original distance Z is restored.
- FIG figure 4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the bogie 100 according to the invention.
- air springs are provided between the support elements 30' and 30'' and the frame 10.
- the bogie 100 from FIG figure 4 is presently designed as a Jacob's frame.
- a frame 10 on which two wheel axles 20 are resiliently arranged, with wheels 101 being arranged on the wheel axles 20 in each case.
- Two support elements 30' and 30'' with support surfaces 31' and 31'' are also arranged independently of one another on the frame 10.
- the support elements 30' and 30'' are each connected to the frame 10 via independent springs.
- FIG 5 shows a perspective view of a bogie 100.
- the bogie 100 has four wheels 101 which are attached in pairs to an axle 20 .
- the axles 20 are resiliently attached to a frame 10, on which in turn four lifting elements 50 are arranged.
- the lifting elements 50 are formed from an air spring 53 and a support element 30 .
- figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the functioning of the bogie 100 from FIGS figures 4 and 5 .
- Two car bodies 40' and 40" are arranged on the bogie 100, which are connected to one another via a coupling 41 .
- the lifting element which is designed here as an air suspension 50' ( figure 5 ), filled with air.
- the air supply to the second air suspension 50" is interrupted.
- the second lifting element 50" therefore does not move.
- a vertical distance A is created between the bearing surface 31" of the second lifting element 50" and the lifting surface 55 ⁇ of the first lifting element.
- the car bodies 40 ⁇ and 40" are connected to one another by the coupling 41.
- a spacer element can be inserted in this distance.
- the pressure can then be released from the first lifting element 50'.
- the procedure is now repeated in reverse order.
- the lifting element 50" is inflated and a spacer element is inserted between the lifting element 50' and the car body 40 ⁇ . Both car bodies 40', 40" are thus spaced at an increased vertical distance from the wheel axle 20.
- FIG figure 7 shows a pneumatic scheme as used in the device and for carrying out the method from FIG figure 6 can be used.
- Air suspension 52 is shown with two first air springs 53' and two second air springs 53''.
- Blocking means 54' and 54'' are provided on air suspension 52.
- the air supply comes via the coupling element 64.
- the first air springs 53' or the second air springs 53'' can be pressurized with compressed air using the shut-off means 54' and 54'', with the other air springs being able to be depressurized.
- a 2/2-way valve is shown. However, it is also conceivable to use a 3/2-way valve so that the air springs 53 ⁇ or 53" can each be completely emptied.
- the figure 8 shows a spacer element which can be used for a bogie as described here. Shown is a plan view and a sectional view.
- the spacer element 70 consists of two parts 71 and 72. These are preferably made from a single piece. In the present case, the spacer element 70 is made from a metal sheet with a thickness of 20 mm.
- the second element 72 is lasered or burned out of the first element 71 . Thus, both elements can be used.
- the first and the second element 21, 72 each have a bore 711 and 721, which by twisting (see figure 9 ) can be brought into agreement with each other.
- the individual elements 71 and 72 are placed one inside the other in the factory form as in the present case (see sectional view) in such a way that the spacer element has a thickness corresponding to the sheet metal thickness, in this case 20 mm. In this position, the spacer element 70 can already be preassembled on the bogie.
- a tab 701 is shown on the first member 71 . This can be used, for example, to hammer loose spacer elements 70 that have rusted on.
- figure 9 shows the spacer element 70 from FIG figure 8 in a twisted position.
- the second element 72 is lifted and rotated relative to the first element 71.
- the spacer element 70 consequently has a thickness which corresponds to twice the sheet metal thickness, in this case 40 mm.
- the spacer element 70, or the two individual elements 71 and 72 is not yet shown in its end position.
- the individual elements 71 and 72 are such in their final position arranged so that the holes 711 and 721 are congruent. It is conceivable, for example, to place a pin in one of the bores 711 or 721 in such a way that the individual elements 71 and 72 can no longer be rotated in relation to one another.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Drehgestell für ein Schienenfahrzeug, ein Verfahren zum Kompensieren von Durchmesserveränderungen von Rädern von Schienenfahrzeugen sowie ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung gemäss den Oberbegriffen der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The present invention relates to a bogie for a rail vehicle, a method for compensating for changes in the diameter of rail vehicle wheels, and a rail vehicle with a corresponding device according to the preambles of the independent claims.
Typischerweise weisen Schienenfahrzeuge Räder aus Metall auf, welche auf Schienen aus Metall laufen. Im Verlaufe des Gebrauchs nutzen die Räder ab. Das heisst, sie weisen Verschleiss auf. Somit müssen die Räder nach längerer Betriebszeit überdreht werden. Das Überdrehen der Räder geht einher mit einer Durchmesseränderung der Räder. Typischerweise sind die Räder auf Achswellen montiert, welche federnd an einem Rahmen befestigt sind, der wiederum federnd mit einem Wagenkasten des Schienenfahrzeugs verbunden ist. Eine Änderung des Durchmessers der Räder hat demnach zur Folge, dass die Einstiegskanten der Wagenkästen gegenüber einer festgelegten Höhe, beispielsweise eines Bahnsteiges, nach dem Überdrehen der Räder eine Differenz aufweisen. Diese Differenz muss korrigiert werden.Typically, rail vehicles have metal wheels that run on metal rails. The wheels wear out with use. That means they show signs of wear. This means that the wheels must be turned over after a long period of operation. The spinning of the wheels is accompanied by a change in the diameter of the wheels. Typically, the wheels are mounted on axle shafts which are resiliently attached to a frame which is in turn resiliently connected to a body of the rail vehicle. A change in the diameter of the wheels therefore means that the entry edges of the car bodies have a difference compared to a fixed height, for example a platform, after the wheels have been turned. This difference must be corrected.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Vorrichtungen und Verfahren bekannt, um diese Höhendifferenz wieder auszugleichen. Typischerweise werden die Schienenfahrzeuge in grosse Einstellhallen von Unterhaltswerkstätten gebracht, wobei die kompletten Schienenfahrzeuge an ihren Wagenkästen angehoben werden, um die darunterliegenden Drehgestelle zu entlasten. Im Anschluss werden die Befestigungen der Drehstelle gelöst, sodass an einer Schnittstelle zwischen Drehgestell und Wagenkasten ein Distanzelement eingefügt werden kann. Die Drehgestelle werden im Anschluss wieder verschraubt und die Schienenfahrzeuge wieder auf die Schiene gestellt. Durch den Einschub von Distanzelementen sind die Einstiegskanten der Wagenkästen entsprechend weiter von der Radachse beabstandet, so dass die ursprüngliche Höhe der Einstiegskanten auch mit abgenutzten Rädern wieder hergestellt ist.Various devices and methods are known from the prior art for compensating for this height difference. Typically, the rail vehicles are brought into large parking garages of maintenance workshops, with the complete rail vehicles being lifted by their car bodies in order to relieve the bogies underneath. The fastenings of the bogie are then loosened so that a spacer element can be inserted at an interface between the bogie and the car body. The bogies are Connection screwed again and the rail vehicles placed back on the rail. By inserting spacer elements, the entry edges of the car bodies are correspondingly further away from the wheel axle, so that the original height of the entry edges is restored even with worn wheels.
Aus
Mit der
Die bekannten Vorrichtungen und Verfahren aus dem Stand der Technik weisen unterschiedliche Nachteile auf. So müssen einerseits entweder sehr grosse Werkstätten oder Instandhaltungshallen zur Verfügung gestellt werden, oder das Verstellen der Distanzscheiben benötigt zusätzliche Vorrichtungen oder Werkzeug.The known devices and methods from the prior art have various disadvantages. On the one hand, either very large workshops or maintenance halls have to be made available, or adjusting the spacers requires additional devices or tools.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, diese und weitere Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu beheben. Insbesondere soll eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren bereitgestellt werden, welche es ermöglicht, Durchmesseränderungen an Rädern von Schienenfahrzeugen auf einfache Art zu kompensieren.It is the object of the invention to eliminate these and other disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a device and a method are to be provided which make it possible to easily compensate for changes in the diameter of wheels on rail vehicles.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den unabhängigen Patentansprüchen 1 und 5 definierten Vorrichtungen und Verfahren gelöst. Weitere Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.This object is achieved by the devices and methods defined in independent patent claims 1 and 5 . Further embodiments emerge from the dependent patent claims.
Ein erfindungsgemässes Drehgestell für ein Schienenfahrzeug umfasst die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Zusätzlich oder alternativ ist der vertikale Abstand mittels des Hubelements fixierbar.A bogie according to the invention for a rail vehicle includes the features of claim 1. Additionally or alternatively, the vertical distance can be fixed by means of the lifting element.
Eine Auflagefläche des Drehgestells kann beispielsweise an einer Traverse des Drehgestells angeordnet sein. Eine Anordnung an einem Teller oberhalb einer Luftfederung ist ebenfalls vorstellbar.A bearing surface of the bogie can be arranged, for example, on a traverse of the bogie. An arrangement on a plate above an air suspension is also conceivable.
Die Hubfläche des Hubelementes weist zumindest in einem angehobenen Zustand einen vertikalen Abstand zur Auflagefläche auf. Dabei ist es vorstellbar, dass Hubfläche und Auflagefläche horizontal beabstandet sind und/oder an unterschiedlichen Elementen des Drehgestells angeordnet sind.The lifting surface of the lifting element is at a vertical distance from the support surface, at least in a raised state. It is conceivable that the lifting surface and the bearing surface are horizontally spaced and/or are arranged on different elements of the bogie.
Das Distanzelement ist zur dauerhaften Erhöhung eines Abstandes zwischen Radachse und Einstiegskante in den vertikalen Abstand einlegbar.The spacer element can be inserted into the vertical distance to permanently increase the distance between the wheel axle and the step edge.
Ein Hubelement mit einer Hubfläche am Drehgestell ermöglicht es, das Hubelement als integralen Bestandteil des Drehgestelles zu fertigen. Zur Erhöhung des vertikalen Abstandes sind somit keine zusätzlichen Vorrichtungen notwendig. Dabei ist es vorstellbar, dass Distanzelement, welches in den vertikalen Abstand einlegbar ist, ebenfalls als integralen Bestandteil des Drehgestells zu fertigen. So ist es beispielsweise vorstellbar, das Distanzelement als Zahnstange mit Rücklaufsperre zu fertigen. Ebenfalls vorstellbar wäre eine verstellbare Stellschraube, welche in einer bevorzugten Position fixierbar ist. Insbesondere ist es aber auch vorstellbar, Distanzelemente vorzusehen, welche gegeneinander so verdrehbar sind, dass sie durch Verdrehen unterschiedliche Dicken aufweisen.A lifting element with a lifting surface on the bogie makes it possible to manufacture the lifting element as an integral part of the bogie. No additional devices are required to increase the vertical distance. It is conceivable that the spacer element, which can be inserted into the vertical space, can also be manufactured as an integral part of the bogie. For example, it is conceivable to manufacture the spacer element as a toothed rack with a backstop. An adjustable set screw that can be fixed in a preferred position would also be conceivable. In particular, however, it is also conceivable to provide spacer elements which can be twisted in relation to one another in such a way that they have different thicknesses as a result of twisting.
Vorzugsweise ist das Hubelement am Drehgestell integral angeordnet. Das Hubelement ist somit als Teil des Drehgestells ausgebildet und/oder zumindest dauerhaft befestigt.The lifting element is preferably arranged integrally on the bogie. The lifting element is thus designed as part of the bogie and/or at least permanently attached.
Somit sind sämtliche Vorrichtung und/oder Mechanismen zur Erhöhung des vertikalen Abstandes zwischen Hubfläche und Auflagefläche am Drehgestell angeordnet. Dies ermöglicht es, auf aufwendige und komplizierte Werkstätten und/oder Werkstatteinrichtungen zu verzichten.Thus, all the devices and/or mechanisms for increasing the vertical distance between the lifting surface and the bearing surface are arranged on the bogie. This makes it possible to dispense with costly and complicated workshops and/or workshop facilities.
Vorzugsweise ist das Hubelement hydraulisch oder pneumatisch betätigbar.The lifting element can preferably be actuated hydraulically or pneumatically.
Typischerweise weisen Schienenfahrzeuge Einrichtungen und/oder Kreisläufe auf, welche pneumatisch und teilweise auch hydraulisch betätigt sind. Somit ist es möglich, das Hubelement unabhängig von externen Vorrichtungen oder Antrieben zu betätigen.Typically, rail vehicles have devices and/or circuits that are pneumatic and, in some cases, also hydraulic are actuated. It is thus possible to actuate the lifting element independently of external devices or drives.
Eine derartige Ausgestaltung beschränkt jedoch das Betätigen des Hubelements nicht auf die Autonomie eines Schienenfahrzeuges. Externe Antriebe oder externes Zurverfügungstellen von Pneumatik oder Hydraulik ist möglich.However, such a configuration does not limit the actuation of the lifting element to the autonomy of a rail vehicle. External drives or external provision of pneumatics or hydraulics is possible.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass eine oder mehrere Luftfedern einer Luftfederung zwischen dem Rahmen und der Auflagefläche des Drehgestells als Hubelemente ausgebildet sind. Zumindest einer ersten Luftfeder bevorzugt zwei ersten Luftfedern ist je eine Hubfläche zugeordnet und einer zweiten Luftfeder, vorzugsweise zwei Luftfedern ist je eine Auflagefläche zugeordnet. Die erste oder die ersten Luftfedern sind unter einem ersten Wagenkasten anordenbar und die zweite oder die zweiten Luftfedern sind unter einem zweiten Wagenkasten anordenbar.According to the invention, one or more air springs of an air suspension system are designed as lifting elements between the frame and the bearing surface of the bogie. At least one first air spring, preferably two first air springs, is each assigned a lifting surface and a second air spring, preferably two air springs, is each assigned a bearing surface. The first or the first air springs can be arranged under a first car body and the second or the second air springs can be arranged under a second car body.
Dies ermöglicht das Nutzen bereits bestehender Luftfederelemente als Hubelemente. Ein Verstellen des vertikalen Abstandes zwischen einer Hubfläche und einer Auflagefläche eines ersten Wagenkastens wird durch das Anheben eines zweiten Wagenkastens ermöglicht. Die Wagenkästen sind hier untereinander verbunden. Die ersten Luftfedern und die zweiten Luftfedern sind je einer Gruppe von Luftfedern zugeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß sind zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen von Luftfedern einer Luftfederung Absperrmittel zum Trennen der Gruppen von Luftfedern voneinander vorgesehen.This enables existing air spring elements to be used as lifting elements. An adjustment of the vertical distance between a lifting surface and a support surface of a first car body is made possible by raising a second car body. The car bodies are connected to each other here. The first air springs and the second air springs are each associated with a group of air springs. According to the invention, shut-off means for separating the groups of air springs from one another are provided between the individual groups of air springs of an air suspension system.
Dies ermöglicht das selbstständige und unabhängige Betätigen der einzelnen Gruppen und/oder von einzelnen Luftfedern untereinander.This enables the individual groups and/or individual air springs to be actuated autonomously and independently.
Ein Wagenkasten kann somit unabhängig von einem anderen Wagenkasten angehoben werden.A car body can thus be raised independently of another car body.
Dies ist vor allem bei Schienenfahrzeugenkonfigurationen mit sogenannten Jakobs-Drehgestellen, auf die jeweils zwei benachbarte Wagenkastenenden abgestützt werden, vorteilhaft. Typischerweise sind benachbarte Wagenkastenenden mittels einer Kupplung miteinander verbunden.This is advantageous above all in rail vehicle configurations with so-called Jakobs bogies, on which two adjacent car body ends are supported in each case. Typically, adjacent car body ends are connected to each other by means of a coupling.
Das Anheben eines Wagenkastens mittels der zugehörigen Luftfedergruppe erlaubt das gleichzeitige Anheben des benachbarten mit dem ersten Wagenkasten verbundenen zweiten Wagenkastenendes. Dabei sind lediglich die Luftfedern unter dem ersten Wagenkasten mit Druck beaufschlagt und die Luftfedern unterhalb des zweiten Wagenkasten weisen einen geringeren Druck auf als die Luftfedern unter dem ersten Wagenkasten. Vorzugsweise sind sie drucklos. Somit kann der der zweite Wagenkasten mit Distanzelementen beabstandet werden.Raising a car body by means of the associated air spring group allows the adjacent second car body end, which is connected to the first car body, to be raised at the same time. In this case, only the air springs under the first car body are pressurized and the air springs under the second car body have a lower pressure than the air springs under the first car body. They are preferably pressureless. Thus, the second car body can be spaced with spacer elements.
Die Beaufschlagung der Luftfedern kann vorzugsweise über ein auf dem Schienenfahrzug für den Betrieb der Luftfederung bereits vorhandenes Druckluftsystem erfolgen.The air springs can preferably be pressurized via a compressed air system that is already present on the rail vehicle for the operation of the air suspension.
Die Luftfederung weist vorzugsweise ein Kupplungselement zum Anschluss an eine externe Druckluftquelle auf. Vorzugsweise weisen die einzelnen Gruppen von Luftfedern separate Kupplungselemente auf.The air suspension preferably has a coupling element for connection to an external source of compressed air. The individual groups of air springs preferably have separate clutch elements.
Das Drehgestell kann als Jakobsdrehgestell ausgebildet sein.The bogie can be designed as a Jakobs bogie.
Eine unkomplizierte und einfache Erhöhung des vertikalen Abstandes an Schienenfahrzeugen mit Jakobsdrehgestell ist dadurch ermöglicht.This enables an uncomplicated and simple increase in the vertical distance on rail vehicles with Jakobs bogies.
Ein Distanzelement des Drehgestells kann mehrteilig aufgebaut sein und in seiner Dicke variabel ausgebildet sein. Die Dicke ist vorzugsweise durch Verdrehen einzelner Elemente des Distanzelementes gegeneinander einstellbar.A spacer element of the bogie can be made up of several parts and its thickness can be variable. The thickness can preferably be adjusted by twisting individual elements of the spacer element against one another.
Dies ermöglicht es, das Distanzelement in einer ersten Lage und damit mit einer ersten Dicke am Drehgestell anzuordnen. Zusätzliche Bauteile sind zur Erhöhung des vertikalen Abstandes damit überflüssig.This makes it possible to arrange the spacer element in a first position and thus with a first thickness on the bogie. Additional components to increase the vertical distance are therefore superfluous.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Kompensieren von Durchmesserveränderungen von Rädern von Schienenfahrzeugen nach Anspruch 5.A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for compensating for diameter changes in rail vehicle wheels according to claim 5.
Das Distanzelement wird zur dauerhaften Beabstandung der Hubfläche zur Auflagefläche eingelegt, derart, dass eine Höhe zwischen der Radachse und einer Einstiegskante des Schienenfahrzeuges dauerhaft vergrössert wird.The spacer element is inserted to permanently space the lifting surface from the support surface in such a way that a height between the wheel axle and a boarding edge of the rail vehicle is permanently increased.
Dies ermöglicht es, dass nach dem Vergrössern des Abstandes keine weiteren Massnahmen notwendig sind, insbesondere ist es nicht notwendig, ein Hubelement welches beispielsweise zusätzlich angebracht wurde, wieder zu entfernen um das Drehgestell in einen Betriebszustand zu bringen.This makes it possible that after the distance has been increased, no further measures are necessary, in particular it is not necessary to remove a lifting element which, for example, was additionally attached, in order to bring the bogie into an operating state.
Vorzugsweise wird der Abstand mit einem integral am Drehgestell angeordneten Hubelement verändert. Die Vorteile eines integral am Drehgestell ausgeführten/angeordneten Elementes sind vorliegend erwähnt.The distance is preferably changed with a lifting element arranged integrally on the bogie. The advantages of an element designed/arranged integrally on the bogie are mentioned here.
Zur Beibehaltung eines grösseren Abstandes zwischen der Auflagefläche und der Radachse des Drehgestells wird vorzugsweise ein Distanzelement auf eine gewünschte Dicke eingestellt. Dies ermöglicht das Verwenden eines Distanzelementes, welches bereits vor dem Vergrössern des Abstandes als Bestandteil des Drehgestells ausgebildet ist.In order to maintain a greater distance between the support surface and the wheel axle of the bogie, a spacer element is preferably adjusted to a desired thickness. This makes it possible to use a spacer element which is already designed as a component of the bogie before the distance is increased.
Vorzugsweise wird die Dicke des Distanzelementes durch Verdrehen einzelner Elemente des Distanzelementes gegeneinander eingestellt.The thickness of the spacer element is preferably adjusted by twisting individual elements of the spacer element against one another.
Das Distanzelement kann somit aus mehreren zueinander komplementären Elementen gefertigt sein.The spacer element can thus be manufactured from a plurality of mutually complementary elements.
Nach dem Vergrössern des vertikalen Abstandes kann das Hubelement drucklos gemacht werden, insbesondere durch Ablassen oder Entlasten des Fluides. Vorzugsweise wird das Hubelement mit einem Rückstellelement in eine Ausgangslage zurück gebracht. Alle Elemente können somit wieder in ihre Ausgangslage gebracht werden. Ein unbeabsichtigtes Einbringen von Kräften und / oder eine Beeinträchtigung der Funktion durch Umgebungseinflüsse wie Schmutz oder Wasser ist damit verhindert.After increasing the vertical distance, the lifting element can be depressurized, in particular by draining or relieving the fluid. The lifting element is preferably brought back into an initial position with a restoring element. All elements can thus be returned to their original position. This prevents the unintentional introduction of forces and/or impairment of the function due to environmental influences such as dirt or water.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 9.Another aspect of the invention relates to a rail vehicle according to claim 9.
Das Vorkonvektionieren und damit das Abstimmen aller Komponenten aufeinander, insbesondere des Hubelementes und des kompletten Schienenfahrzeuges ist damit ermöglicht.The pre-convection and thus the matching of all components to one another, in particular the lifting element and the complete rail vehicle, is thus made possible.
Anhand von Figuren werden mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung erläutert.Several exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained with reference to figures.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Drehgestells,
- Figur 2:
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines bekannten Drehgestells,
- Figur 3a und 3b:
- eine schematische Detailansicht eines Hubelementes,
- Figur 4:
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Ausführungsform eines Drehgestells,
- Figur 5:
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Drehgestells nach
Figur 4 - Figur 6:
- eine schematische Darstellung der Funktionsweise des erfindungsgemässen Drehgestells nach
Figur 4 - Figur 7:
- ein zum Drehgestell aus
Figur 5 zugehöriges Pneumatikschema, - Figur 8:
- ein Distanzelement in Ursprungslage,
- Figur 9:
- ein Distanzelement während des Verstellvorgangs.
- Figure 1:
- a schematic representation of a bogie,
- Figure 2:
- a perspective view of a known bogie,
- Figure 3a and 3b:
- a schematic detailed view of a lifting element,
- Figure 4:
- a schematic representation of an embodiment of a bogie according to the invention,
- Figure 5:
- a perspective view of a bogie according to the invention
figure 4 - Figure 6:
- a schematic representation of the functioning of the bogie according to the invention
figure 4 - Figure 7:
- in to bogie out
figure 5 associated pneumatic scheme, - Figure 8:
- a spacer element in the original position,
- Figure 9:
- a spacer element during the adjustment process.
Die
Wie aus der
Das Drehgestell 100 weist vier Räder 101 auf, welche je paarweise auf einer Radachse 20 angeordnet sind. Die Radachsen 20 sind an einem Rahmen 10 angeordnet, an dem wiederum ein Auflageelement 30 als Traverse angeordnet ist. Das Auflageelement 30 ist mit hier nicht näher bezeichneten federnden Elementen mit dem Rahmen 10 verbunden, welcher wiederum mit federnden Elementen mit den Radachsen 20 verbunden ist. Das Auflageelement weist beidseitig je ein Hubelement 50 auf, welches vorliegend zusätzlich zur Zentrierung eines am Drehgestell 100 angeordneten Wagenkastens ausgebildet ist. Die Hubelemente 50 weisen je einen Rückstellmechanismus 51 auf. Funktion und Ausführung der Elemente 50 sind in nachfolgender
Die
In der
Wie in
Im Anschluss kann der Druck aus dem ersten Hubelement 50' wieder abgelassen werden. Das Verfahren wird nun in der umgekehrten Reihenfolge wiederholt. Das Hubelement 50" wird aufgepumpt und ein Distanzelement wird zwischen dem Hubelement 50' und dem Wagenkasten 40` eingelegt. Somit sind beide Wagenkasten 40', 40" mit einem vergrösserten vertikalen Abstand von der Radachse 20 beabstandet.The pressure can then be released from the first lifting element 50'. The procedure is now repeated in reverse order. The lifting
Die
Selbstverständlich ist es vorstellbar, am Distanzelement 70 aus den
Claims (9)
- Bogie (100) for a rail vehicle, comprising a frame (10) which is mounted on one or more wheel axles (20), and at least one supporting surface (31) for a wagon body (40) wherein at least one lifting surface (55) is formed, the vertical distance of which from the supporting surface (31) can be varied by means of a lifting element (50), so that a spacer element (70) can be inserted into the vertical distance between the lifting surface (55) and the supporting surface (31) and/or the vertical distance can be fixed by means of the lifting element, characterised in that one or more air springs (53', 53'') of an air suspension (52) between the frame (10) and the supporting surface (31) are designed as lifting elements (50', 50''), at least one first air spring (53') and preferably two first air springs (53') each being assigned a lifting surface (31'), and a second air spring (53") and preferably two second air springs (53'') each being assigned a supporting surface (31''), wherein the first air spring or springs (53') can be arranged under a first carriage body (40') and the second air spring or springs (53") can be arranged under a second carriage body (40''), wherein preferably between the individual groups of air springs (53', 53'') of an air suspension (52), shut-off means (54', 54'') being provided for separating the groups of air springs (53', 53'') from one another and/or the air suspension having a coupling element (64) for connection to a compressed air source, the individual groups of air springs (53', 53'') having separate coupling elements.
- Bogie (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting element (50',50'') is integrally arranged on the bogie (100).
- Bogie according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the bogie (100) is designed as a Jakobs bogie.
- Bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the spacer element (70) is formed in several parts and is variable in its thickness, wherein the thickness is preferably adjustable by twisting individual elements (71, 72) of the spacer element (70) relative to one another.
- Method of compensating for changes in diameter of wheels (101) of rail vehicles with a bogie according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein a distance element (70) is inserted into a vertical distance between a lifting surface (55) and a supporting surface (31', 31''), characterized in that the vertical distance between the lifting surface (55) and the supporting surface (31', 31'') is varied and in particular increased by means of a lifting element (50', 50''), the lifting element (50', 50'') being surrounded by the bogie (100) .
- Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the distance is changed with a lifting element (50',50'') arranged integrally on the bogie (100).
- Method according to any one of claims 5 to 6, wherein, in order to maintain a greater distance between the supporting surface and the wheel axle of the bogie, a spacer element (70) is adjusted to a desired thickness, preferably the thickness of the spacer element (70) being adjusted by twisting individual elements (71, 72) of the spacer element (70) relative to one another.
- Method according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterised in that after the vertical distance has been increased, the lifting element (50', 50'') is depressurised, in particular by draining or relieving the fluid, the lifting element (50', 50'') preferably being returned to an initial position by means of a resetting element (51).
- Railway vehicle with a bogie according to one of the claims 1 to 4 comprising in particular a carriage body (40).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16156045.3A EP3208173B1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2016-02-17 | Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating the variation of wheels diameter for rail vehicles and rail vehicle |
PCT/EP2017/050809 WO2017140449A1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2017-01-16 | Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating for changes in the diameter of wheels on rail vehicles, and rail vehicle |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3416867A1 EP3416867A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
EP3416867B1 true EP3416867B1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
EP3416867C0 EP3416867C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
Family
ID=55409726
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16156045.3A Active EP3208173B1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2016-02-17 | Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating the variation of wheels diameter for rail vehicles and rail vehicle |
EP17700443.9A Active EP3416867B1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2017-01-16 | Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating the variation of wheels diameter for rail vehicles and rail vehicle |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16156045.3A Active EP3208173B1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2016-02-17 | Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating the variation of wheels diameter for rail vehicles and rail vehicle |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10974739B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3208173B1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3208173T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE050148T2 (en) |
SI (1) | SI3208173T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017140449A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK3208173T3 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2020-08-10 | Stadler Rail Ag | Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating for diameter changes of wheels on rail vehicles and rail vehicle |
JP6900117B2 (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2021-07-07 | 日本車輌製造株式会社 | Railway vehicle body support structure and railway vehicle body height adjustment method |
CN108248627B (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-06-07 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | A kind of secondary suspension device and framework |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3586306A (en) | 1969-03-06 | 1971-06-22 | Gen Steel Ind Inc | Railway vehicle suspension height adjustment device |
US5195438A (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-03-23 | Bombardier Inc. | Height compensation device for railway truck |
DE59408934D1 (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1999-12-23 | Schweizerische Lokomotiv | Rail vehicle and chassis for such a vehicle |
US5947031A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-09-07 | Buckeye Steel Castings | Railway truck leveling valve arrangement for closer overall height control |
EP2487087B8 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2016-06-22 | Kockums Engineering AB | An arrangement for height compensation of a railway wagon |
DK3208173T3 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2020-08-10 | Stadler Rail Ag | Bogie for a rail vehicle, method for compensating for diameter changes of wheels on rail vehicles and rail vehicle |
CN105923007A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-07 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Swing bolster of bogie |
JP6898780B2 (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2021-07-07 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Pillow beam of railroad car bogie |
-
2016
- 2016-02-17 DK DK16156045.3T patent/DK3208173T3/en active
- 2016-02-17 HU HUE16156045A patent/HUE050148T2/en unknown
- 2016-02-17 EP EP16156045.3A patent/EP3208173B1/en active Active
- 2016-02-17 SI SI201630915T patent/SI3208173T1/en unknown
-
2017
- 2017-01-16 EP EP17700443.9A patent/EP3416867B1/en active Active
- 2017-01-16 WO PCT/EP2017/050809 patent/WO2017140449A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-01-16 US US16/070,870 patent/US10974739B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK3208173T3 (en) | 2020-08-10 |
HUE050148T2 (en) | 2020-11-30 |
EP3208173B1 (en) | 2020-06-17 |
EP3416867A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
WO2017140449A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
EP3416867C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
EP3208173A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
US20190023288A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
SI3208173T1 (en) | 2020-10-30 |
US10974739B2 (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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