EP3411163B1 - Système de fabrication de pièces en acier trempées et procédé de trempe - Google Patents

Système de fabrication de pièces en acier trempées et procédé de trempe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3411163B1
EP3411163B1 EP17703410.5A EP17703410A EP3411163B1 EP 3411163 B1 EP3411163 B1 EP 3411163B1 EP 17703410 A EP17703410 A EP 17703410A EP 3411163 B1 EP3411163 B1 EP 3411163B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
modules
plate
module
insulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17703410.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3411163A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael HASLMAYR
Andreas Sommer
Reiner Kelsch
Benedikt TUTEWOHL
Leopold Stegfellner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Voestalpine Metal Forming GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of EP3411163A1 publication Critical patent/EP3411163A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/40—Direct resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing hardened sheet steel blanks and sheet steel components thereof.
  • the first method is the so-called direct method or press hardening.
  • a board is punched from a sheet steel strip, which may also be provided with a corrosion protection coating made of metal, then heated this board and formed the heated board in a forming tool with a single stroke and cured at the same time.
  • the curing takes place in that the hardenable steel material gives off its heat to the forming tool. It is important that the heat is released at a speed above the critical hardening temperature. This quench hardening results in the heated board, which has an austenitic structure, subsequently having a substantially martensitic structure and thus the high tensile strength.
  • boron-manganese steels are used in this process, ie boron-alloyed manganese carbon steels, such as the most commonly used 22MnB5 for this purpose, although there are also a number of other suitable steels from the basically same alloy concept.
  • a sheet steel plate is cut out of a sheet steel strip optionally provided with a corrosion protection coating and then the sheet steel blank formed in a conventional multi-stage forming process to form a component.
  • This component preferably has a final contour, which is about 2% smaller in all spatial directions than the finished contour of the component. Subsequently, this component is heated to the austenitizing temperature, so that the steel sheet structure becomes austenitic. The thermal expansion in this case means that this heated sheet metal component compensates for the 2% smaller production.
  • this austenitized sheet metal component is placed in a mold hardening tool, in which it is pressed and at the same time cooled, but practically no longer or only to a very small extent is formed.
  • a mold hardening tool in which it is pressed and at the same time cooled, but practically no longer or only to a very small extent is formed.
  • the aforementioned steels are used and also here the critical hardness speed must be exceeded.
  • the structure also results in the same way.
  • a system for heating a component which comprises a continuous furnace and a conveyor.
  • the continuous furnace has heating elements which are arranged above and below the conveyor.
  • the heating takes place by electrical resistance heating, wherein the heating elements can be controlled independently of each other with different heating power at least in groups.
  • the conveying device comprises a heating zone for heating the component, a heating zone for zone-wise heating of the component and a holding zone for a subsequent press hardening.
  • a hot-formed article for the production of hot-formed and press-hardened sheet metal products from metal blanks, which comprises a heating station and a forming station.
  • the heating station has a lower tool and an upper tool, between which a metal plate is accommodated for heating.
  • the heating or heating of a metal plate in the heating station is done by indirect resistance heating.
  • the heat is generated outside the metal plate and passes through heat conduction into the metal plate itself.
  • the lower tool and / or the upper tool on an electrical resistance heater with at least one surface heating element.
  • the surface heating element is a heating plate with a plate body of an electrically conductive material, wherein the plate body is formed as a heating conductor.
  • the plate body is slotted and provided for example with a slot which extends over the thickness of the plate body.
  • a heating apparatus for heating a metal circuit board having a lower heating unit and an upper heating unit is known. These heating units are adjustable between a closed, the board between them receiving heating position and a spaced-apart release position. Each heating unit has a heatable plate coming into contact with the board. It is provided that the heating plate of the bottom and / or the upper heating unit a plurality of Heater segments comprises, which are arranged in a predetermined grid relative to each other and which are displaceable relative to each other in the plane defined by a contact surface between the heating segments and the board.
  • thermoforming station which has a warm-up device and at least one to be transported by the warm-up device goods carrier.
  • the product carrier can be equipped with a workpiece and a tempering component for conductive heating of the workpiece is present, wherein the heating device has a movable electrode for electrically contacting the temperature control component.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for heating sheet steel parts, with a rapid and homogeneous heating possible as the planar boards is ensured, which has a minimum space requirements, produced in case of disturbances low rejection and also ensures improved corrosion protection.
  • the boards are heated with heating modules designed according to the invention.
  • a heating of the planar boards takes place under hot plates, wherein the high required power density and especially the uniform temperature distribution by a good heat conductive material, preferably copper and an electric heating can be realized.
  • a good heat conductive material preferably copper and an electric heating can be realized.
  • mineral-insulated heating conductors are cast in copper, so that highest power densities can be achieved.
  • other electrical heating elements such as Hochtemperaturtropicpatronen conceivable.
  • optimum temperature homogeneity and the possibility of parts with different properties are achieved by modular design and modular control.
  • the mechanical properties can be adjusted very precisely by different degrees of hardness.
  • the copper is advantageously protected from oxidation by the fact that the copper and thus also the heat conductors cast in the copper are hermetically sealed in a heat-resistant stainless steel housing.
  • the plates may advantageously be provided with very wear-resistant and smooth coatings for longer service life and the lowest possible adhesion of corrosion layers, and in particular zinc, which may consist, for example, of chromium carbide or aluminum oxide and other known coatings.
  • a heating module 1 is a cassette-like box-shaped element which has a plate-shaped or rectangular cavity 2 which has a flat plate 4 on a lower side 3 and side walls 5 which are perpendicular to the plate depart and a cover plate 6, which limit the box-like element 2 on all sides.
  • an insulation 7 is arranged on the plate 6.
  • heating coils or heating elements 8 are arranged, which can be acted upon via an inlet and a discharge 9, 10 with power.
  • a temperature sensor 11 may be present, which is connected to a temperature controller 12, which regulates the flow of current.
  • a plurality of mineral-insulated heating coils 8 are connected in series and arranged side by side, so that the heating module can be heated over the entire surface.
  • cooling coils or lines 9 (FIG. FIG. 5 ), so that the heating modules not only heated, but also can be cooled in particular with respect to adjacent heating modules.
  • a plurality of heating modules 1 can be combined to form a heating device 14 which, for example, comprises modules 1 arranged in such a way that they cover a board 15 to be heated accordingly.
  • the heating modules 1 are arranged within a respective heating device 14, wherein the heating device 14 may be arranged once on a Terrabypressenoberteil 16 and a AufMappressenunterteil 17 which are movable toward and away from each other, so that between the heating modules 1 of the respective heaters 14 a board 15 can be clamped and heated.
  • a corresponding heating device 14 may, for example, comprise six modules 1 ( FIG. 4 ), wherein the modules are included on the edge side of the heater 14 with an insulation 18. The number of modules is however arbitrary.
  • the heating devices 14 may also have at preferred locations cooled heating modules with cooling lines 9 or empty modules 20 or insulating blocks of insulating material, in whose areas no heating takes place ( FIG. 6 ).
  • the cavity 2 is inventively filled with copper, so that the heating element 8 are insulated by a non-electrically conductive mineral insulation against the copper and completely surrounded by copper and embedded to ensure a particularly good heat transfer.
  • the plate 4, the side walls 5 and the top wall 6 are preferably made of heat-resistant or high heat-resistant stainless steel and include the good thermal conductivity core, in particular copper core ideally hermetically to prevent oxidation of the core.
  • the heating module 1 also has a copper core, but here heating cartridges are arranged.
  • the heating modules 1 are also formed on the region of the outer walls 5 with a complete insulation ( FIGS. 8 . 9, 10 ).
  • the heating modules are also formed with mineral-insulated heating conductor and the copper core, wherein the heating modules have a uniform, in cross-section C-shaped insulation 20 in the formation as a single module in the side walls and the ceiling wall, the insulation 20 the actual heating area, consisting of the copper-filled stainless steel box with the mineral-insulated heating conductor, absorbs.
  • the box fasteners 21 are present, which are designed in particular as threaded columns which pass through the insulation 20 upwards and on the upper side 22 of the insulation by a counter-bearing plate 23 and are screwed against it.
  • 23 contact poles 24 are arranged on the counter-bearing plate, which pass through the counter-bearing plate 23 and the insulation 22 and the heating elements 8 are formed contacting.
  • the heating module is also formed so that the box 2 made of stainless steel, filled with copper and comprising arranged as Bankspiralen heating element 8, additionally comprises a cooling device in the form of a cooling coil 25 or cooling lines 25, wherein the cooling coil 25 from the outside with an inlet 26th and a drain 27 is provided.
  • the inlet 26 and the outlet 27 pass through both the insulation 20 and the plate 6 and extend into the copper core.
  • the insulation 20 can be removed to the ceiling insulation between the plate 6 and the counter-bearing plate 23 so that the heating modules are arranged adjacent to each other and allow uniform heating or cooling without temperature bridges.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif pour le réchauffage de platines en tôle d'acier, sachant qu'un dispositif de chauffage (14) est présent et le dispositif de chauffage (14) comprend au moins un module de chauffage (1), sachant que l'au moins un module de chauffage (1) est un élément de type caisson constitué en forme de cassette, lequel possède une cavité (2) en forme de plaque ou de rectangle qui possède une plaque (4) plane sur un côté inférieur (3), sachant qu'au moins un élément de chauffage (8), lequel est constitué comme élément de chauffage à résistance électrique, est disposé dans la cavité, sachant que la cavité (2) est entièrement remplie d'un matériau à bonne conductibilité thermique, de préférence de cuivre, en logeant et entourant l'au moins un élément de chauffage (8), sachant que les plaques (4), parois latérales (5) et la paroi de plafond (6) entourant la cavité (2) ou la cavité (2) remplie de cuivre sont constituées en acier inoxydable à stabilité thermique et résistance à la forte chaleur et sont reliées entre elles de telle sorte que le noyau en matériau à bonne conductibilité thermique, en particulier le noyau de cuivre, soit obturé hermétiquement.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le module de chauffage (1) comprend en outre des conduites de refroidissement (9) pour le refroidissement du module (1).
  3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (14) possède des modules de chauffage (1) avec des éléments de chauffage (8) et/ou des modules de chauffage (1) avec des éléments de chauffage (8) et des conduites de refroidissement (9) et/ou des modules qui ne sont ni chauffés ni refroidis.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de chauffage (14) avec au moins un module de chauffage (1) est disposé sur une partie supérieure de presse de réchauffage (16) et/ou une partie inférieure de presse de réchauffage (17), lesquelles sont aptes à être déplacées en se rapprochant et en s'éloignant l'une de l'autre de telle sorte qu'une platine (15) puisse être maintenue par calage et réchauffée entre les modules de chauffage (1) du dispositif de chauffage (14) respectif.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (14) possède des modules de chauffage (1) non chauffés ou refroidis à des endroits où une platine ne doit pas être trempée.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le module de chauffage (1), en cas d'agencement singulier dans un dispositif de chauffage (14), est constitué avec une isolation (20) dans la zone des parois extérieures (5) et dans la zone de la paroi de plafond (6).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'isolation (20) est constituée en forme de « C » en coupe transversale, sachant que, pour tenir le caisson (2) sur l'isolation (20), des éléments de liaison (21) sont présents dans le caisson, lesquels traversent l'isolation (20) en l'éloignant de la plaque (4), et une plaque de contrebutée (23), laquelle est traversée par ceux-ci et contre laquelle les éléments de liaison (21) sont reliés, est présente sur le côté supérieur (22) de l'isolation.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, sur un côté du module de chauffage (1) opposé à la plaque (4), des pôles de contact (24) sont disposés, lesquels sont constitués de manière à être en contact avec les éléments de chauffage (8).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'un module de chauffage (1) pourvu d'une conduite de refroidissement (9), la conduite de refroidissement est constituée de l'extérieur avec une admission (26) et une évacuation (27), sachant que l'admission (26) et l'évacuation (27) traversent l'isolation (20) et la plaque (6) et pénètrent dans le noyau de cuivre de telle sorte que ceux-ci soient aptes à alimenter la conduite de refroidissement (9), (25) en agent de refroidissement.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'un dispositif de chauffage (14) pourvu d'une pluralité de modules de chauffage (1), les isolations (20) sont constituées de telle sorte que celles-ci soient disposées de manière à se jouxter directement (5) entre des parois latérales (5) non isolées des modules de chauffage (1).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de chauffage est constitué comme cartouche de chauffage ou conducteur de chauffage à isolant minéral.
  12. Procédé pour le fonctionnement d'un dispositif selon la revendication 1, sachant que la platine en tôle d'acier est soumise à de la chaleur au moins d'un côté, sachant que la platine en tôle d'acier est mise en contact avec une plaque (4) d'un module de chauffage (1) d'un dispositif de chauffage (14), sachant que le module de chauffage (1) est chauffé électriquement et la chaleur dans le module de chauffage est transmise d'un élément de chauffage à résistance électrique (8) à un noyau à bonne conductibilité thermique, de préférence un noyau de cuivre, et de ce noyau, de préférence un noyau de cuivre, aux plaques (6) et de la plaque (6) à la platine.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de chauffage (14) est constitué avec une pluralité d'éléments de chauffage (8) et la platine est sélectivement chauffée, non chauffée ou refroidie au moyen de la pluralité de dispositifs de chauffage (8).
EP17703410.5A 2016-02-04 2017-02-03 Système de fabrication de pièces en acier trempées et procédé de trempe Active EP3411163B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016101975.5A DE102016101975B4 (de) 2016-02-04 2016-02-04 Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von gehärteten Stahlbauteilen und Verfahren zum Härten
PCT/EP2017/052445 WO2017134259A1 (fr) 2016-02-04 2017-02-03 Système de fabrication de pièces en acier trempées et procédé de trempe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3411163A1 EP3411163A1 (fr) 2018-12-12
EP3411163B1 true EP3411163B1 (fr) 2019-11-20

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Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20190039109A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3411163B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109070172B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016101975B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017134259A1 (fr)

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EP3685933B1 (fr) 2019-01-25 2021-09-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de traitement de plaque d'acier
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DE102016101975B4 (de) 2017-10-19
CN109070172A (zh) 2018-12-21
WO2017134259A1 (fr) 2017-08-10
DE102016101975A1 (de) 2017-08-24
US20190039109A1 (en) 2019-02-07
EP3411163A1 (fr) 2018-12-12
CN109070172B (zh) 2020-03-17

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