EP3390741A1 - Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite - Google Patents

Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite

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Publication number
EP3390741A1
EP3390741A1 EP16815808.7A EP16815808A EP3390741A1 EP 3390741 A1 EP3390741 A1 EP 3390741A1 EP 16815808 A EP16815808 A EP 16815808A EP 3390741 A1 EP3390741 A1 EP 3390741A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulation
composite according
insulation composite
insulating layer
diffusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16815808.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gabriele Gärtner
Frank Menzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Degussa GmbH filed Critical Evonik Degussa GmbH
Publication of EP3390741A1 publication Critical patent/EP3390741A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond.
  • a conventional insulation composite with a vapor-permeable insulation needs a diffusion-proof edge bond. This is intended to prevent water vapor from penetrating into the insulation composite and precipitating as condensate and also as ice formation. The consequences of this are microbial growth, as well as optical and mechanical destruction of the insulation composite.
  • the diffusion-proof edge bond simultaneously leads to a thermal bridge over the edge bond and thereby to an increased thermal conductivity. Thus, the edge bond has a negative effect on the damage safety and the life of the component.
  • WO2012 / 041823 A1 is a microporous, hydrophobic with organosilanes
  • Thermal insulation molded body described with a hydrophilic surface whose surface is partially or completely firmly bonded with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer and partially solid with a non-porous, hydrophilic layer.
  • DE-U-202004004187 discloses a vacuum insulation panel made of microporous silica or an airgel which is surrounded on at least one side edge by a frame. The frame is glued to the edges of the vacuum insulation panel.
  • WO2014 / 095277 discloses an insulation composite with three insulation layers, namely a centrally arranged vacuum insulation panel and a double-sidedly applied insulation panel
  • Thermal insulation panel based on pressed fumed silica.
  • the insulation composite is formed by two U-profiles, which enclose the insulation composite with their thighs.
  • the insulation composite can be provided on all sides with a U-profile, which adversely affects the thermal conductivity.
  • the insulation composite can also be equipped in particular with rectangular plates with only two U-profiles, which are each mounted on opposite sides, which reduces the mechanical stability of the insulation composite.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an insulation composite which remains dimensionally stable and weather-resistant in contact with water.
  • the invention relates to an insulation composite with a diffusion-open edge composite, comprising a plurality of gap-free laid consecutive plate-shaped layers comprising
  • insulating layer (1) in which a plurality of vacuum insulation panels, preferably with a thermal conductivity of 0.001 - 0.010 W / (m * K),
  • the webs (2) each consist of a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W / (m * K), preferably 0.010-0.025 W / (m * K) and
  • the determination of the thermal conductivity is carried out according to DIN EN 12667.
  • diffusion is defined as Sd -? 0.5 m, diffusion-inhibiting than
  • the sd value is the product of thickness of
  • Non-capillary means that the water absorption coefficient w of the material
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that between the insulating layer (1) and cover layer (3) at least one further insulating layer (5) consisting of a
  • Thermal insulation board containing a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic
  • Thermal insulation material is located.
  • the thermal insulation material of the webs and the thermal insulation board of the insulating layer (5) may contain, for example, a pyrogenic silica, a precipitated silica, an airgel, a polystyrene, a polyurethane or a polymethyl methacrylate as non-capillary active, diffusion-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material.
  • Hydrophobic in the context of the invention is intended to include those materials which have inherently hydrophobic properties, as well as those obtained by a hydrophobic reaction of a hydrophilic material.
  • Particularly suitable is a hydrophobized fumed silica.
  • the starting material is a hydrophilic, fumed silica which is obtained by flame hydrolysis and is subsequently rendered hydrophobic.
  • flame hydrolysis a vaporized or gaseous hydrolyzable silicon halide is reacted with a flame formed by combustion of hydrogen and an oxygen-containing gas.
  • the combustion flame provides water for the hydrolysis of the silicon halide and sufficient Heat available for the hydrolysis reaction.
  • a silica produced in this way is called fumed silica. It is in the form of aggregates, which because of their
  • fumed silicas are ideal thermal insulators because the aggregate structure provides sufficient mechanical stability, minimizes heat transfer through solid state conductivity across the very small contact points within an aggregate, and produces sufficiently high porosity.
  • a plate is prepared which contains the hydrophilic, fumed silica. This is subsequently rendered hydrophobic under reduced pressure or overpressure.
  • hydrophobing preference is given to using organosilanes which react with the silanol groups of the hydrophilic constituents of the thermal insulation mixture.
  • Organosilanes are R n -Si-X 4 -n, RsSi-Y-SiRs, RnSinOn, (CH 3 ) 3-Si- (O-Si (CH 3 ) 2) n-OH,
  • the plate further preferably contains IR opacifiers and stabilizing, inorganic fibers, for example glass fibers.
  • IR opacifiers are titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, ilmenites, iron titanates, iron oxides, zirconium silicates, silicon carbide, manganese oxides, graphites and / or carbon blacks.
  • the particle size of the opacifier is usually between 0, 1 and 25 ⁇ .
  • the mean particle diameter d 50 is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 8 ⁇ m.
  • the proportion in the thermal insulation panel of hydrophobic silica is preferred
  • the insulation composite according to the invention has two cover layers (3) made of a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material.
  • This material can be made of sheet metal, aluminum, stainless steel, polymethylmethacrylate, ceramic or glass, for example.
  • the cover layer should have sufficient rigidity to ensure the mechanical stability of the insulation composite.
  • the cover layer should have a thickness of at least 0.5 mm.
  • the cover layer (4) consists of several layers. It is also possible to provide a capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-open side on the side facing away from the insulating layer (1) with a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material on the side facing the insulating material. If this material has sufficient mechanical stability, the non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight layer can then be designed as a very thin layer, smaller than 0.5 mm, on the side facing the insulating layer.
  • natural stone or exposed concrete may be mentioned as a vapor-permeable, capillary-active layer on the the insulating material side facing are provided with a two-component epoxy resin coating.
  • the anchors of the insulation composite according to the invention are preferably made of materials having a thermal conductivity of less than ⁇ 0.035 W / (m * K), for example made of carbon or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • Another object of the invention is the use of the invention
  • Insulation composite in the insulation of a building envelope comprising facades, roofs, ceiling doors, prefabricated facade elements, prefabricated houses, a vehicle shell comprising cars, trucks, aircraft, helicopters, ships, spaceships, of transport and storage containers for temperature-sensitive goods.
  • Figure 1 shows a sketch of the insulation composite according to the invention with insulation layer with VIP (1), webs (2), cover layer (3), anchor (4) and optional insulation layer (5).

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating composite having a permeable edge composite, constructed of a plurality of sheet-type layers laid in succession without gaps comprising a) at least one insulating layer (1) comprising a plurality of vacuum insulation panels separated from each other on all sides by bridges (2) which constitute the edge of the insulating layer (1), wherein each bridge consists of a capillary-inactive, permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material having a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W/(m*K), b) two cover layers (3), which consist of a capillary-inactive, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material, and c) a plurality of anchors (4), which are attached to the cover layers and frictionally connect the two cover layers to each other and penetrate the insulating layer (1) in the region of the bridges.

Description

Isolationsverbund mit diffusionsoffenem Randverbund  Insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Isolationsverbund mit diffusionsoffenem Randverbund. The invention relates to an insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond.
Ein herkömmlicher Isolationsverbund mit einer diffusionsoffenen Dämmung braucht einen diffusionsdichten Randverbund. Hierdurch soll verhindert werden, dass Wasserdampf in den Isolationsverbund eindringt und sich als Kondensat und auch als Eisbildung niederschlägt. Die Folgen hiervon sind mikrobielles Wachstum, sowie optische und mechanische Zerstörung des Isolationsverbundes. Der diffusionsdichte Randverbund führt gleichzeitig zu einer Wärmebrücke über den Randverbund und dadurch zu einer erhöhten Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Damit wirkt sich der Randverbund negativ auf die Schadenssicherheit und die Lebensdauer des Bauteils aus.  A conventional insulation composite with a vapor-permeable insulation needs a diffusion-proof edge bond. This is intended to prevent water vapor from penetrating into the insulation composite and precipitating as condensate and also as ice formation. The consequences of this are microbial growth, as well as optical and mechanical destruction of the insulation composite. The diffusion-proof edge bond simultaneously leads to a thermal bridge over the edge bond and thereby to an increased thermal conductivity. Thus, the edge bond has a negative effect on the damage safety and the life of the component.
Aus der EP-A-1436471 ist ein Isolationsverbund offenbart, bei dem ein Vakuum-Isolationspaneel und ein Dämmelement zwischen einer äusseren Abdeckung und einer inneren Abdeckung verklebt sind. From EP-A-1436471 an insulation composite is disclosed in which a vacuum insulation panel and an insulating element are bonded between an outer cover and an inner cover.
In der WO2012/041823 A1 ist ein mikroporöser, mit Organosilanen hydrophobierter  In WO2012 / 041823 A1 is a microporous, hydrophobic with organosilanes
Wärmedämmformkörper mit hydrophiler Oberfläche beschrieben, dessen Oberfläche teilweise oder vollständig fest mit einer offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht oder teilweise fest mit einer offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht oder teilweise fest mit einer offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht und teilweise fest mit einer nicht offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht verklebt ist. Thermal insulation molded body described with a hydrophilic surface whose surface is partially or completely firmly bonded with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer and partially solid with a non-porous, hydrophilic layer.
Die DE-U-202004004187 ist ein Vakuum-Isolations-Paneel aus mikroporöser Kieselsäure oder einem Aerogel offenbart, welches an zumindest einer Seitenkante von einem Rahmen umgeben ist. Der Rahmen ist an den Kanten des Vakuum-Isolations-Paneels angeklebt.  DE-U-202004004187 discloses a vacuum insulation panel made of microporous silica or an airgel which is surrounded on at least one side edge by a frame. The frame is glued to the edges of the vacuum insulation panel.
In der WO2014/095277 ist ein Isolationsverbund mit drei Isolationsschichten offenbart, nämlich ein mittig angeordnetes Vakuum-Isolationspaneel und eine beidseitig aufgebrachte  WO2014 / 095277 discloses an insulation composite with three insulation layers, namely a centrally arranged vacuum insulation panel and a double-sidedly applied insulation panel
Wärmedämmplatte auf Basis gepresster pyrogener Kieselsäure. Der Isolationsverbund wird durch zwei U-Profile, die mit ihren Schenkeln den Isolationsverbund umschließen, Thermal insulation panel based on pressed fumed silica. The insulation composite is formed by two U-profiles, which enclose the insulation composite with their thighs.
zusammengehalten. Der Isolationsverbund kann allseitig mit einem U-Profil versehen sein, was die Wärmeleitfähigkeit nachteilig beeinflusst. Der Isolationsverbund kann auch insbesondere bei rechteckigen Platten mit nur zwei U-Profilen, die jeweils an gegenüberliegenden Seiten angebracht sind, ausgestattet sein, was die mechanische Stabilität des Isolationsverbundes verringert. held together. The insulation composite can be provided on all sides with a U-profile, which adversely affects the thermal conductivity. The insulation composite can also be equipped in particular with rectangular plates with only two U-profiles, which are each mounted on opposite sides, which reduces the mechanical stability of the insulation composite.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es daher einen Isolationsverbund bereitzustellen, der im Kontakt mit Wasser form- und witterungsstabil bleibt. The object of the present invention was therefore to provide an insulation composite which remains dimensionally stable and weather-resistant in contact with water.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Isolationsverbund mit einem diffusionsoffenen Randverbund, aufgebaut aus mehreren spaltenfrei verlegten aufeinanderfolgenden, plattenförmigen Schichten umfassend  The invention relates to an insulation composite with a diffusion-open edge composite, comprising a plurality of gap-free laid consecutive plate-shaped layers comprising
a) wenigstens eine Dämmschicht (1 ), bei der eine Vielzahl von Vakuumisolationspaneelen, bevorzugt mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von 0,001 - 0,010 W/(m*K), a) at least one insulating layer (1), in which a plurality of vacuum insulation panels, preferably with a thermal conductivity of 0.001 - 0.010 W / (m * K),
die jeweils allseitig durch Stege (2) voneinander getrennt sind und die Stege den Rand der Dämmschicht (1 ) darstellen, wobei each on each other by webs (2) are separated from each other and the webs the edge of Insulating layer (1) represent, wherein
die Stege (2) jeweils aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionsoffenen, hydrophoben Wärmedämmmaterial mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von höchstens 0,025 W/(m*K), bevorzugt 0,010-0,025 W/(m*K) bestehen und  the webs (2) each consist of a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W / (m * K), preferably 0.010-0.025 W / (m * K) and
b) zwei Deckschichten (3), aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionshemmendem oder b) two outer layers (3) of a non-capillary active, diffusion-inhibiting or
diffusionsdichtem Material bestehen und  consist diffusion-tight material and
c) eine Vielzahl von an den Deckschichten (3) angebrachten Ankern (4), die die beiden c) a plurality of attached to the cover layers (3) anchors (4), the two
Deckschichten kraftschlüssig miteinander verbinden und die Dämmschicht (1 ) im Bereich der Stege durchstossen.  Connect the outer layers frictionally and pierce the insulating layer (1) in the area of the bars.
„Spaltenfrei" ist hierbei so zu verstehen, dass eventuelle Hohlräume in Ausmaß und Menge so gering sein müssen, dass das während einer Tauperiode im Innern des Bauteils anfallende flächenbezogene Wassermenge Mc, während einer Verdunstungsperiode anfallende "Column-free" is to be understood in this case that any voids in extent and amount must be so small that incurred during a dew period in the interior of the component surface-related amount of water M c , incurred during a period of evaporation
flächenbezogene Verdunstungsmenge Mev wieder an die Umgebung abgegeben werden kann, d.h. Mc < Mev, gemäß DIN 4108-3. area-related evaporation amount M ev can be returned to the environment, ie Mc <Mev, according to DIN 4108-3.
Die Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit erfolgt nach DIN EN 12667. The determination of the thermal conductivity is carried out according to DIN EN 12667.
Nach DIN 4108-3 ist diffusionsoffen definiert als Sd -? 0,5 m, diffusionshemmend als  According to DIN 4108-3, diffusion is defined as Sd -? 0.5 m, diffusion-inhibiting than
0,5 m < Sd <1500 m und diffusionsdicht Sd > 1500 m . Der Sd-Wert ist das Produkt aus Dicke der 0.5 m <Sd <1500 m and diffusion-proof Sd> 1500 m. The sd value is the product of thickness of
Schicht und der Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl. Layer and the water vapor diffusion resistance number.
Nicht-kapillaraktiv bedeutet, dass der Wasseraufnahmekoeffizient w des Materiales  Non-capillary means that the water absorption coefficient w of the material
< 0,5 kg/m2h0 5 ist. <0.5 kg / m 2 h 0 5 .
Ein weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass sich zwischen Dämmschicht (1 ) und Deckschicht (3) wenigstens eine weitere Dämmschicht (5) bestehend aus einer  A further embodiment of the invention provides that between the insulating layer (1) and cover layer (3) at least one further insulating layer (5) consisting of a
Wärmedämmplatte, enthaltend ein nicht-kapillaraktives, diffusionsoffenes, hydrophobes Thermal insulation board containing a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic
Wärmedämmmaterial befindet. Thermal insulation material is located.
Das Wärmedämmmaterial der Stege und der Wärmedämmplatte der Dämmschicht (5) kann als nicht-kapillaraktives, diffusionsoffenes, hydrophobes Wärmedämmmaterial beispielsweise eine pyrogene Kieselsäure, eine Fällungskieselsäure, ein Aerogel, ein Polystyrol, ein Polyurethan oder ein Polymetylmethacrylat enthalten. The thermal insulation material of the webs and the thermal insulation board of the insulating layer (5) may contain, for example, a pyrogenic silica, a precipitated silica, an airgel, a polystyrene, a polyurethane or a polymethyl methacrylate as non-capillary active, diffusion-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material.
Hydrophob im Rahmen der Erfindung soll solche Materialien umfassen, die von Natur aus hydrophobe Eigenschaften aufweisen, als auch solche die durch eine Hydrophobierungsreaktion aus einem hydrophilen Material erhalten werden.  Hydrophobic in the context of the invention is intended to include those materials which have inherently hydrophobic properties, as well as those obtained by a hydrophobic reaction of a hydrophilic material.
Als besonders geeignet erweist sich eine hydrophobierte pyrogene Kieselsäure. Deren  Particularly suitable is a hydrophobized fumed silica. their
Ausgangsmaterial ist eine hydrophile, pyrogene Kieselsäure, die durch Flammenhydrolyse erhalten und anschließend hydrophobiert wird. Bei der Flammenhydrolyse wird ein verdampftes oder gasförmiges, hydrolysierbares Siliciumhalogenid mit einer Flamme zur Reaktion bringt, die durch Verbrennung von Wasserstoff und eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases gebildet worden ist. Die Verbrennungsflamme stellt dabei Wasser für die Hydrolyse des Siliciumhalogenides und genügend Wärme zur Hydrolysereaktion zur Verfügung . Ein so hergestelltes Siliciumdioxid wird als pyrogene Kieselsäure bezeichnet. Sie liegt in Form von Aggregaten vor, die aufgrund ihrer The starting material is a hydrophilic, fumed silica which is obtained by flame hydrolysis and is subsequently rendered hydrophobic. In flame hydrolysis, a vaporized or gaseous hydrolyzable silicon halide is reacted with a flame formed by combustion of hydrogen and an oxygen-containing gas. The combustion flame provides water for the hydrolysis of the silicon halide and sufficient Heat available for the hydrolysis reaction. A silica produced in this way is called fumed silica. It is in the form of aggregates, which because of their
dreidimensionalen, offenen Struktur mikroporös und makroporös sind. Aufgrund dieser Struktur sind pyrogen hergestellte Kieselsäuren ideale Wärmedämmstoffe, da die Aggregatstruktur eine hinreichende mechanische Stabilität bewirkt, die Wärmeübertragung durch Festkörperleitfähigkeit über die sehr kleinen Kontaktstellen innerhalb eines Aggregates minimiert und eine ausreichend hohe Porosität erzeugt. three-dimensional, open structure are microporous and macroporous. Because of this structure, fumed silicas are ideal thermal insulators because the aggregate structure provides sufficient mechanical stability, minimizes heat transfer through solid state conductivity across the very small contact points within an aggregate, and produces sufficiently high porosity.
Bevorzugt wird wie in WO 2013/013714 beschrieben, zunächst eine Platte hergestellt, die die hydrophile, pyrogene Kieselsäure enthält. Diese wird nachfolgend bei Unterdruck oder Überdruck hydrophobiert. Zur Hydrophobierung werden bevorzugt Organosilane eingesetzt, die mit den Silanolgruppen der hydrophilen Bestandteile der Wärmedämm-Mischung reagieren. Als  Preferably, as described in WO 2013/013714, first a plate is prepared which contains the hydrophilic, fumed silica. This is subsequently rendered hydrophobic under reduced pressure or overpressure. For hydrophobing, preference is given to using organosilanes which react with the silanol groups of the hydrophilic constituents of the thermal insulation mixture. When
Organosilane kommen Rn-Si-X4-n, RsSi-Y-SiRs, RnSinOn, (CH3)3-Si-(0-Si(CH3)2)n-OH, Organosilanes are R n -Si-X 4 -n, RsSi-Y-SiRs, RnSinOn, (CH 3 ) 3-Si- (O-Si (CH 3 ) 2) n-OH,
HO-Si(CH3)2-(0-Si(CH3)2)n-OH, mit n = 1 -8; R = -H, -CH3, -C2H5; X = -Cl, -Br; -OCH3, -OC2H5, - OC3H8, Y= NH, O in Betracht. Explizit seien (CH3)3SiCI, (CH3)2SiCI2, CH3SiCI3, (CH3)3SiOC2H5, (CH3)2Si(OC2H5)2, CH3Si(OC2H5)3, (CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3, (CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3, HO-Si (CH 3 ) 2- (O-Si (CH 3 ) 2) n -OH, where n = 1-8; R = -H, -CH 3 , -C 2 H 5; X = -Cl, -Br; -OCH 3 , -OC 2 H 5, - OC 3 H 8 , Y = NH, O into consideration. Explicitly (CH 3 ) 3 SiCl, (CH 3 ) 2 SiCl 2 , CH 3 SiCl 3 , (CH 3 ) 3 SiOC 2 H 5 , (CH 3 ) 2 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 2, CH 3 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 , (CH 3 ) 3 SiNHSi (CH 3 ) 3 , (CH 3 ) 3 SiOSi (CH 3 ) 3 ,
Octamethyltetracyclosiloxan, Hexamethyltricyclosiloxan und niedrigmolekulares Polysiloxanol der Formel (CH3)3Si(OSi(CH3)2)40H genannt. Die Platte enthält weiterhin bevorzugt IR-Trübungsmittel und stabilisierende, anorganische Fasern, beispielsweise Glasfasern. Geeignete IR-Trübungsmittel sind Titanoxide, Zirkonoxide, llmenite, Eisentitanate, Eisenoxide, Zirkonsilikate, Siliciumcarbid , Manganoxide, Graphite und/oder Ruße. Die Partikelgröße der Trübungsmittel liegt in der Regel zwischen 0, 1 und 25 μιτι. Bei Siliciumcarbid und Titanoxiden ist der mittlere Partikeldurchmesser dso bevorzugt 1 bis 10 μιτι, besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 8 μιτι. Der Anteil in der Wärmedämmplatte an hydrophober Kieselsäure beträgt bevorzugt Octamethyltetracyclosiloxan, hexamethyltricyclosiloxane and low molecular weight polysiloxanol of the formula (CH 3 ) 3 Si (OSi (CH 3 ) 2) called 40H. The plate further preferably contains IR opacifiers and stabilizing, inorganic fibers, for example glass fibers. Suitable IR opacifiers are titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, ilmenites, iron titanates, iron oxides, zirconium silicates, silicon carbide, manganese oxides, graphites and / or carbon blacks. The particle size of the opacifier is usually between 0, 1 and 25 μιτι. In the case of silicon carbide and titanium oxides, the mean particle diameter d 50 is preferably 1 to 10 μm, more preferably 2 to 8 μm. The proportion in the thermal insulation panel of hydrophobic silica is preferred
45 - 95 Gew.-%, an IR-Trübungsmittel 5-35 Gew.-% und an anorganischen Fasern  45-95% by weight of IR opacifiers 5-35% by weight and of inorganic fibers
1 -5 Gew.-%. 1 -5 wt .-%.
Der erfindungsgemäße Isolationsverbund weist zwei Deckschichten (3) aus einem nicht- kapillaraktiven, diffusionshemmendem oder diffusionsdichtem Material auf. Dieses Material kann zum Beispiel aus Blech, Aluminium, Edelstahl, Polymethylmethacrylat, Keramik oder Glas bestehen. Die Deckschicht soll eine ausreichende Steifigkeit aufweisen um die mechanische Stabilität des Isolationsverbundes zu gewährleisten. So sollte die die Deckschicht eine Dicke von wenigstens 0,5 mm aufweisen.  The insulation composite according to the invention has two cover layers (3) made of a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material. This material can be made of sheet metal, aluminum, stainless steel, polymethylmethacrylate, ceramic or glass, for example. The cover layer should have sufficient rigidity to ensure the mechanical stability of the insulation composite. Thus, the cover layer should have a thickness of at least 0.5 mm.
Es ist jedoch möglich, dass die Deckschicht (4) aus mehreren Schichten besteht. Es ist ferner möglich, dass eine kapillaraktive, diffusionshemmende oder diffusionsoffene auf der von der Dämmschicht (1 ) abgewandten Seite mit einer gemäß der Erfindung nicht kapillaraktiven, diffusionshemmenden oder diffusionsdichten Material auf der dem Dämmstoff zugewandten Seite zu versehen. Sofern dieses Material eine ausreichende mechanische Stabilität aufweist, kann die nicht-kapillaraktive, diffusionshemmende oder diffusionsdichte Schicht dann als sehr dünne Schicht, kleiner 0,5 mm auf der der Dämmschicht zugewandten Seite ausgeführt sein. Beispielhaft seien Naturstein oder Sichtbeton als diffusionsoffene, kapillaraktive Schicht genannt die auf der dem Dämmstoff zugewandten Seite mit einer Zwei-Komponenten Epoxidharzbeschichtung versehen sind. However, it is possible that the cover layer (4) consists of several layers. It is also possible to provide a capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-open side on the side facing away from the insulating layer (1) with a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material on the side facing the insulating material. If this material has sufficient mechanical stability, the non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight layer can then be designed as a very thin layer, smaller than 0.5 mm, on the side facing the insulating layer. By way of example, natural stone or exposed concrete may be mentioned as a vapor-permeable, capillary-active layer on the the insulating material side facing are provided with a two-component epoxy resin coating.
Die Anker des erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsverbundes bestehen bevorzugt aus Materialien mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von weniger als < 0,035 W/( m*K), beispielsweise aus carbon- oder glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff.  The anchors of the insulation composite according to the invention are preferably made of materials having a thermal conductivity of less than <0.035 W / (m * K), for example made of carbon or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen  Another object of the invention is the use of the invention
Isolationsverbundes bei der Isolierung einer Gebäudehülle umfassend Fassaden, Dächer, Decken Türen, vorgefertigte Fassadenelemente, Fertighäuser, einer Fahrzeughülle umfassend PKW, LKW, Flugzeuge, Hubschrauber, Schiffe, Raumschiffe, von Transport- und Lagerbehältnissen für temperaturempfindliche Güter. Insulation composite in the insulation of a building envelope comprising facades, roofs, ceiling doors, prefabricated facade elements, prefabricated houses, a vehicle shell comprising cars, trucks, aircraft, helicopters, ships, spaceships, of transport and storage containers for temperature-sensitive goods.
Figur 1 zeigt eine Skizze des erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsverbundes mit Dämmschicht mit VIP (1 ), Stege (2), Deckschicht (3), Anker (4) und optionaler Dämmschicht (5).  Figure 1 shows a sketch of the insulation composite according to the invention with insulation layer with VIP (1), webs (2), cover layer (3), anchor (4) and optional insulation layer (5).

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Isolationsverbund mit einem diffusionsoffenen Randverbund, aufgebaut aus mehreren 1. insulation composite with a diffusion-open edge composite, composed of several
spaltenfrei verlegten aufeinanderfolgenden, plattenförmigen Schichten umfassend a) wenigstens eine Dämmschicht (1 ), bei der eine Vielzahl von Vakuumisolationspaneelen, die jeweils allseitig durch Stege (2) voneinander getrennt sind und die Stege den Rand der Dämmschicht_(1 ) darstellen, wobei  a) at least one insulating layer (1), in which a plurality of vacuum insulation panels, each on all sides by webs (2) are separated from each other and the webs represent the edge of Dämmschicht_ (1), wherein
die Stege jeweils aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionsoffenen, hydrophoben Wärmedämmmaterial mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von höchstens 0,025 W/(m*K) bestehen und  the webs each consist of a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material having a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W / (m * K) and
b) zwei Deckschichten (3), aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionsdichten oder  b) two cover layers (3), from a non-capillary active, diffusion-tight or
diffusionshemmendem Material bestehen und  consist of diffusion-inhibiting material and
c) eine Vielzahl von an den Deckschichten angebrachten Ankern (4), die die beiden  c) a plurality of attached to the outer layers anchors (4), the two
Deckschichten kraftschlüssig miteinander verbinden und die Dämmschicht (1 ) im Bereich der Stege (2) durchstossen.  Connect the outer layers frictionally and pierce the insulating layer (1) in the region of the webs (2).
2. Isolationsverbund nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 2. insulation composite according to claim 1, characterized in that
sich zwischen Dämmschicht (1 ) und Deckschicht (3) wenigstens eine weitere Dämmschicht (5) bestehend aus einer Wärmedämmplatte enthaltend ein nicht-kapillaraktives,  between insulating layer (1) and cover layer (3) at least one further insulating layer (5) consisting of a thermal insulation board containing a non-capillary active,
diffusionsoffenes, hydrophobes Wärmedämmmaterial befindet.  vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material is located.
3. Isolationsverbund nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 3. insulation composite according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
das nicht-kapillaraktive, diffusionsoffene, hydrophobe Wärmedämmmaterial eine  the non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material
hydrophobierte Kieselsäure umfasst.  hydrophobized silica.
4. Isolationsverbund nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 4. insulation composite according to claim 3, characterized in that
die hydrophobierte Kieselsäure eine hydrophobierte, pyrogene Kieselsäure ist.  the hydrophobicized silica is a hydrophobized, fumed silica.
5. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 5. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
das nicht-kapillaraktive, diffusionsoffene, hydrophobierte Wärmedämmmaterial ein IR- Trübungsmittel und/oder Fasern umfasst.  the non-capillary-active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobized thermal insulation material comprises an IR opacifier and / or fibers.
6. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 6. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
die Deckschicht eine Dicke von wenigstens 0,5 mm aufweist.  the cover layer has a thickness of at least 0.5 mm.
7. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass 7. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that
die Deckschicht aus Blech, Aluminium, Edelstahl, Polymethylmethacrylat, Keramik oder Glas besteht.  the cover layer consists of sheet metal, aluminum, stainless steel, polymethylmethacrylate, ceramic or glass.
8. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 8. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that
die Deckschicht auf der von der Dämmschicht (1 ) abgewandten Seite mit Naturstein oder the cover layer on the side facing away from the insulating layer (1) side with natural stone or
Sichtbeton versehen ist. Exposed concrete is provided.
9. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anker (4) aus Materialien mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von weniger als 9. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the armature (4) made of materials having a thermal conductivity of less than
0,035 W/(m*K) bestehen.  0.035 W / (m * K).
10. Verwendung des Isolationsverbundes gemäß der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 bei der Isolierung einer Gebäudehülle, einer Fahrzeughülle, von Transport- und Lagerbehältnissen für 10. Use of the insulation composite according to claims 1 to 9 in the insulation of a building envelope, a vehicle casing, of transport and storage containers for
temperaturempfindliche Güter.  temperature-sensitive goods.
EP16815808.7A 2015-12-17 2016-12-14 Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite Withdrawn EP3390741A1 (en)

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DE102015225714.2A DE102015225714A1 (en) 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 Insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond
PCT/EP2016/080955 WO2017102819A1 (en) 2015-12-17 2016-12-14 Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite

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JP6952764B2 (en) 2016-07-29 2021-10-20 エボニック オペレーションズ ゲーエムベーハー Manufacturing method of hydrophobic heat insulating material
RU2759942C2 (en) 2017-01-18 2021-11-18 Эвоник Оперейшенс ГмбХ Granular heat-insulating material and its production method
DE102017209782A1 (en) 2017-06-09 2018-12-13 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for thermal insulation of an evacuable container
EP3597615A1 (en) 2018-07-17 2020-01-22 Evonik Operations GmbH Granular mixed oxide material and thermal insulating composition on its basis

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DE2754956A1 (en) * 1977-12-09 1979-06-13 Gruenzweig Hartmann Glasfaser THERMAL INSULATION PLATE
WO2003023157A1 (en) 2001-09-05 2003-03-20 Franz Feldmeier Panel with a vacuum element for outer wall constructions
DE10359005A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-07-14 Va-Q-Tec Ag Composite thermal insulation board
DE202004004187U1 (en) 2004-03-16 2005-05-04 Porextherm-Dämmstoffe Gmbh Vacuum insulation panel
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