EP3346054B1 - Tension clamp and rail fastening system for fastening railway rails - Google Patents

Tension clamp and rail fastening system for fastening railway rails Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3346054B1
EP3346054B1 EP18151073.6A EP18151073A EP3346054B1 EP 3346054 B1 EP3346054 B1 EP 3346054B1 EP 18151073 A EP18151073 A EP 18151073A EP 3346054 B1 EP3346054 B1 EP 3346054B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
tension clamp
section
support point
point
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EP18151073.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3346054A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan LIENHARD
Erik Danneberg
Michael König
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Schwihag AG
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Schwihag AG
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Application filed by Schwihag AG filed Critical Schwihag AG
Priority to PL18151073T priority Critical patent/PL3346054T3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
    • E01B9/303—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/38—Indirect fastening of rails by using tie-plates or chairs; Fastening of rails on the tie-plates or in the chairs
    • E01B9/44—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate
    • E01B9/46—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps
    • E01B9/48—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps by resilient steel clips
    • E01B9/483—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tension clamp and a rail fastening system for releasably fastening a rail on a rail substrate, preferably a railway sleeper.
  • Tension clamps are used to fasten a railroad track on a sleeper (analogous to any other suitable rail substrate). Tension clamps are mostly bent steel springs that, when assembled, press the railroad track onto the sleeper. The tensioning force of the tension clamp is designed in such a way that welded rails are held in position even in the event of a break and that, if possible, no gaps are formed between adjoining rails.
  • the tension clamp is part of an electrically isolated rail fastening system that usually has for each sleeper or fastening point: tension clamps, angle guide plates that form a rail channel, tensioning screws with which the tension clamps are screwed and which are to be anchored in screw dowels cast in the sleeper, as well as intermediate rail bearings the two rails that allow the rails to sink in elastically.
  • the rail fastening system is pre-assembled on the sleeper, the tension clamps being initially in a pre-assembly position in which they are pre-tensioned with a certain torque.
  • the tension clamps are moved from the pre-assembly position towards the rail, so that a rail holding section of the tension clamp presses on the rail foot and tightened with the torque for final assembly.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a tension clamp 100 according to the prior art.
  • the tension clamp 100 has a central section which is formed by two parallel inner arms 110 and 120 which merge into torsion sections 130 and 140 in a continuous and curved manner.
  • the two strands are bent towards a common connecting arm 150 which, in the assembled state, presses on the rail foot, whereby the rail is braced.
  • the tension clamp 100 is bent into a W-shape.
  • the tension clamp Due to the curved W-shape of the tension clamp, a resilient, elastic holding force required to hold down the rail is generated. Further safety aspects are also implemented: While the rail with the two is held down by highly elastic outer spring arms, the middle section serves as an additional anti-tip device, which is activated when a certain force is reached and prevents the rail from tilting and the rail from lifting off the threshold.
  • the tension clamp adapts to any deformations of the track bed that may occur over time due to the spring deflection. As a result, a track equipped with tension clamps does not require regular tightening of the tensioning screws.
  • the tension clamp 100 has outer support points 131 and 141 in the area of the vertices of the torsion sections 130 and 140 for fastening and bracing.
  • the outer support points are in contact with an angled guide plate (not shown) and are braced thereon for bracing.
  • the inner arms 110 and 120 have inner support points 111 and 121 for the clamping screw (not shown).
  • One object of the invention is to provide a tension clamp and a rail fastening system for releasably fastening a rail on a rail substrate with improved reliability.
  • the tension clamp according to the invention is used to releasably attach a rail to a rail substrate.
  • the rail base is preferably a railway sleeper, but it can also be another suitable rail pad.
  • the tension clamp is preferably a spring element for non-positively elastic holding of the rail on the rail substrate.
  • the tension clamp is preferably made in one piece, for example from steel.
  • the tension clamp has a central section for bracing the tension clamp on a base.
  • the base preferably comprises an angled guide plate which can be introduced, for example, into a recess in the rail base designed for this purpose.
  • the middle section of the tensioning clamp can be tensioned by means of a tensioning screw which, for this purpose, preferably cooperates with a dowel introduced into a corresponding opening in the support.
  • the tension clamp furthermore has an outer section which has a rail holding section which, in the assembled state of the tension clamp, exerts a holding force on the rail.
  • the rail preferably has a rail foot which is a section of the rail widened in the area of the rail base.
  • the bracing takes place in such a way that the rail holding section presses on the rail foot in the assembled state of the tension clamp.
  • the tensioning clamp is set up in such a way that, in the assembled state, the tensioning screw exerts a tensioning force on the middle section at at least one force application point.
  • the clamping force is essentially directed downwards in the direction of gravity, even if deviations are possible due to an intended, normally slight inclination of the clamping screw are. It is therefore assumed that the tension force in the assembled state of the tension clamp is aligned essentially vertically.
  • the middle section also has at least one support point, which is in contact with the base when the tension clamp is installed.
  • the tension clamp is supported on the base for bracing.
  • the middle section is preferably "free", i.e. does not support itself on the base in such a way that this contributes to a deformation of the tension clamp.
  • the support point has no lateral offset relative to the force application point due to the clamping screw.
  • the term "laterally” refers here to a direction along the extension of the rail in the assembled state. In other words, the point of application of force and the point of support are essentially located in a plane which is perpendicular to the direction of extent of the rail.
  • the tension clamp preferably does not have a support point which is in contact with the base in the assembled state of the tension clamp and has a lateral offset relative to the point of application of force. In this way, internal torsional moments of the middle section can be minimized.
  • the outer section preferably has at least one torsion section which connects the middle section to the rail holding section, extends laterally from the middle section (according to the definition above) and has no point of contact with the base.
  • the torsion section is at least a part of an elastic connection between the middle section and the rail holding section, whereby the above-described non-positive-elastic holding can be realized. Since the torsion section does not have a point of support with the base, internal torsional moments of the central section of the tension clamp can be effectively reduced.
  • the support point is also referred to below as the second support point.
  • the middle section preferably has at least one further support point, which is referred to as the first support point, is in contact with the base in the assembled state of the tension clamp and is located in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force at the position of the force application point, so that the first support point and the second support point have no offset relative to one another.
  • the first support point is in the assembled state in the area of the clamping screw.
  • the first point of support is preferably created in that the middle section of the tensioning clamp is pressed onto the base at this point by tightening the tensioning screw. In this way, internal torsional moments of the central section of the tension clamp can be effectively reduced with stable and reliable assembly.
  • the middle section has two inner arms which extend in a straight line parallel and in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force, the two inner arms each having a force application point (in the above defined sense) and have at least one support point that has no lateral offset relative to the associated force application point.
  • the projected direction of extension of the two inner arms is preferably perpendicular to the direction of extension of the rail when the tension clamp is installed.
  • the construction of the clamp can be simplified by means of two inner arms, since these can be bent, preferably in a mirror-symmetrical manner, in order to form the outer section in their further course.
  • the two inner arms each preferably have a first support point and a second support point, which have no lateral offset relative to one another.
  • the first two support points are at the position of force application points of the tensioning screw, in a projection perpendicular to the tensioning force.
  • the first two support points are in the area of the clamping screw.
  • the first support points are preferably created in that the two inner arms are pressed onto the base at these points by tightening the clamping screw. In this way, internal torsional moments of the central section of the tension clamp can be effectively reduced with stable and reliable assembly.
  • the two inner arms are preferably bent in the region of the respective (second) support point in a plane perpendicular to the direction of extent of the rail, preferably bent in an S-shape.
  • the outer section preferably has two torsion sections which correspondingly extend laterally from an associated inner arm and connect the inner arms to the rail holding section.
  • the one inner arm and the associated torsion section are in this case preferably designed mirror-symmetrically to the other inner arm and associated torsion section, relative to a mirror plane which is perpendicular to the direction of extent of the rail.
  • the torsion sections are preferably produced by bending the inner arms (more precisely, their extension), as a result of which the non-positive, elastic functionality of the tension clamp can be implemented in a structurally and technically simple manner.
  • the two inner arms preferably each have an inner end on the rail side. This means that the two inner arms are not connected to one another on their sides facing the rail, i.e. do not form a loop, but end. According to this embodiment, the two inner arms are at most connected to one another via the outer section.
  • the rail holding section preferably has a connecting arm which connects the two inner arms with one another.
  • a detailed and preferred embodiment of a tensioning clamp which is based on a bent steel strand, has the following structure (viewed in a plan view, ie a projection perpendicular to the tensioning force): Starting from the inner end of one of the two inner arms, the inner arm extends along a Direction away from a clamped rail. The inner arm is followed by a torsion section, which is bent laterally outwards and passes through an apex and further bent over into an outer arm, which preferably not exactly parallel, but leads back approximately in the direction of the inner arm beyond the inner end and at one outer turning point merges into the connecting arm.
  • the connecting arm runs parallel to the rail and presses on a rail foot to clamp the rail.
  • the other inner arm extends, starting from the other inner end, along a direction which leads away from the clamped rail.
  • the other inner arm is followed by a further torsion section, which is bent laterally outward and passes through an apex and further bent over into another outer arm, which preferably not exactly parallel, but leads back approximately in the direction of the inner arm beyond the inner end and merges into the connecting arm at a further outer turning point.
  • the structure in particular the two deflection points and the two vertices, preferably have the shape of a trapezoid in the projection perpendicular to the clamping force.
  • the two flanks are preferably mirror-symmetrical.
  • the tension clamp is preferably at least partially surrounded, preferably encapsulated, by an insulating material, preferably plastic. Because the support point (similarly several support points) is designed without eccentricity or offset, in addition to the technical effects set out above, the movement of the central section of the tension clamp is minimized during tensioning. This contributes to the fact that such an insulation can be realized reliably and durably. Due to the improved insulation with significantly increased electrical resistance, which is made possible in a synergetic manner by the arrangement of the support point (analog multiple support points), the tension clamp and a rail fastening system equipped with it are particularly well suited for covered tracks, which are primarily used in local traffic. The background to this is the increased problem of stray current in this area.
  • the rail fastening system (with and without additional insulation) can be designed to be particularly flat, which means that any asphalt pavement above it can be made particularly thick and stable. Due to the large contact surface of the tension clamp on the rail foot, which is for example through the Connection arm is ensured, an insulator section can be implemented as part of the above-mentioned insulation between the rail foot and the tension clamp without major wear. A distinction can be made here between a first insulation of the tension clamp to the tensioning screw and a second insulation of the tension clamp to the rail foot, which can be constructed differently, in particular can meet different mechanical and / or electrical requirements.
  • the rail fastening system is provided for the detachable fastening of a rail on a rail substrate.
  • the rail fastening system has a tensioning screw and a tensioning clamp as described above.
  • the middle section of the tensioning clamp is screwed and tensioned on a base by means of the tensioning screw in such a way that the rail holding section exerts a holding force on the rail, the tensioning screw exerting a tensioning force on the central section at at least one force application point, the support point being in contact with the base , the position of the point of support differs from that of the point of force application in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force and the point of support does not have any lateral offset relative to the point of force application.
  • the base and / or the tension clamp preferably has means for laterally displacing the tension clamp.
  • the base has a grooved section or a grooved plate which interacts in a toothed manner with the tensioning clamp in order to realize a horizontal adjustability of the tensioning clamp along the rail.
  • FIGS Figures 3a, 3b and 3c are further views of the tension clamp 1 according to this embodiment.
  • the tension clamp 1 has a middle section, formed from two inner arms 10 and 20, and an outer section, which consists of two torsion sections 30 and 40, two outer arms 50 and 60 and a connecting arm 70 that connects the two outer arms 50, 60 connects with each other, is built up.
  • the connecting arm 70 is an example of a rail holding section which, in the assembled state of the tensioning clamp 1, exerts a holding force on the rail to be fastened.
  • the various sections of the tension clamp 1 merge into one another in a continuous and curved manner, so that a one-piece, W-shaped spring element is formed.
  • the structure of the tension clamp 1 in the plan view of FIG Figure 3a is in detail as follows: Starting from an inner end 11 of the one inner arm 10, the inner arm 10 extends along a direction which is determined by a possible rail (in the Figure 2 not shown) leads away. The inner arm 10 is followed by the torsion section 30 which, when bent outward, passes through an apex 31 and, when bent, merges into the outer arm 50, which is in the In the present exemplary embodiment, it is not exactly parallel, but approximately in the direction of the inner arm 10 goes back beyond the inner end 11 and merges into the connecting arm 70 at an outer deflection point 51. In the assembled state of the tensioning clamp 1, the connecting arm 70 runs parallel to the rail and presses on a rail foot in order to brace the rail.
  • the inner arm 20 is followed by the torsion section 40 which, when bent outwards, passes through an apex 41 and continues bent over into the outer arm 60, which in the present exemplary embodiment is not exactly parallel, but approximately in the direction of the inner arm 20 over the inner one End 21 leads back out and merges into the connecting arm 70 at an outer deflection point 61.
  • the structure, in particular the deflection points 51, 61 and vertices 31, 41 have in the plan view of Figure 3a roughly the shape of a trapezoid.
  • the shape may vary from that in the Figures 2 , 3a to 3c the shape shown.
  • the two outer arms 50 and 60 can run parallel.
  • the connecting arm 70 can possibly be dispensed with if the rail holding section of the tensioning clamp 1 is constructed in a different way, in particular if the two inner arms 10, 20 have no ends 11, 21 but are connected to one another in their place.
  • the tension clamp 1 is designed to be mirror-symmetrical relative to a mirror plane which is perpendicular to the extension of the connecting arm 70 and runs centrally between the two inner arms 10, 20.
  • the two inner arms 10, 20 each have a flattened surface 12 and 22, which can be used for direct or indirect (e.g. by means of a washer) Support of the head of a tensioning screw for tensioning the tensioning clamp 1 in the final assembly position are provided (cf. Figures 4, 5 and 6th ).
  • the tension clamp 1 rests in the final assembly position at a first support point 13, 23 on a base (described below).
  • the two inner arms 10, 20 each have a second support point 14, 24, likewise on the underside of the tensioning clamp 1 (seen in the final assembly position) and also to rest on the base.
  • the two support points 13, 14 are in the plan view of Figure 3a essentially on a line which is perpendicular to the connecting arm 70 or a rail to be braced.
  • the two support points 13, 14 have essentially no offset. They both lie on the straight extension direction of the respective inner arm 10, 20.
  • the torsion sections 30, 40 have no points of support.
  • the sections of the inner arms 10, 20, which are located between the two support points 14, 24, are preferably "free", ie they are not in contact with the base, so that the tension clamp 1 is deformed during final assembly by tightening the tensioning screw and can be tensioned in this way. Since the two support points 13, 14 (analogous to 23, 24) have no lateral offset, when tensioning the tension clamp 1, no or a significantly reduced torsional moment acts on the inner arms 10 and 20. This leads to an improved wear behavior of both the tension clamp 1 and the tensioning screw.
  • the special arrangement of the support points 13, 14, 23, 24 is preferably achieved in that the inner arms 10, 20 are each bent in a plane that runs parallel to the mirror plane defined above and the corresponding inner arm 10, 20 (more precisely, its center line) contains.
  • the inner arms 10, 20 are preferably bent in an S-shape in this regard, as in FIG Figure 3c shown.
  • the Figures 4 to 6 show the final assembly position of the tension clamp 1 as part of a non-positive, elastic rail fastening system.
  • the Figure 4 is a schematic plan view and shows a rail 2 with a rail foot 2a, which is clamped on both sides by means of a tension clamp 1.
  • the rail 2 lies in a recess 3a (cf. Figure 5 ) a sleeper 3 (or another suitable rail pad).
  • the rail fastening system has an angled guide plate 4 which is screwed onto the sleeper 3 with a clamping screw 5 each.
  • the non-positive, elastic mounting of the rail foot 2a takes place via the tensioning clamp 1 set out above, which is also braced by the tensioning screw 5 via a washer 5a.
  • the angled guide plate 4 has a support surface which is set up for the support points of the tensioning clamp 1, in particular for supporting the support points 13, 23, 14, 24.
  • the tensioning screw 5 is tightened with a preliminary tightening torque, for example approx. 50 Nm, and the tensioning clamp 1 is in a position set back from the rail 2.
  • the tension clamp 1 is brought from the preassembly position towards the rail 2 into the final assembly position, the tension clamp 1 is in a position that consists of the Figures 4 to 6 emerges.
  • the clamping screw 5 comes into contact with the flattened surfaces 12, 22 of the two inner arms 10, 20 via the washer 5a, and the connecting arm 70 slides over the rail foot 2a.
  • the two inner arms 10, 20 of the tension clamp 1 come to lie at a small distance from the rail foot 2a (or come into contact with it), whereby a tilt protection is given.
  • the tensioning screw 5 is then tightened with the final tightening torque, so that the tensioning clamp 1 is tensioned and the connecting arm 70 presses the rail foot 2a with the desired force.
  • a separate insulation 7 is provided between the tension clamp 1 and the angled guide plate 4 and the rail foot 2a.
  • the electrical insulation 7 is made of plastic, for example, which is preferably molded on or around it, as a result of which the tensioning clamp 1 is at least partially surrounded by the insulation.
  • the rail fastening system is particularly suitable for covered tracks that are primarily used in local traffic.
  • the background to this is the increased problem of stray current in this area.
  • the rail fastening system can be designed to be particularly flat, as a result of which any asphalt pavement above it can be made particularly thick and load-bearing. Due to the large contact surface of the tension clamp 1 on the rail foot 2a, which is ensured by the connecting arm 70, an insulator section can be implemented as part of the above-mentioned insulation 7 between the rail foot 2a and the tension clamp 1 without major wear.
  • the angled guide plate 4 can be equipped with a grooved section or a grooved plate 8. What a toothing of this type can look like is particularly clear from the Figure 6 emerged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Spannklemme sowie ein Schienenbefestigungssystem zum lösbaren Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem Schienenuntergrund, vorzugsweise einer Bahnschwelle.The invention relates to a tension clamp and a rail fastening system for releasably fastening a rail on a rail substrate, preferably a railway sleeper.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

Zur Befestigung einer Eisenbahnschiene auf einer Bahnschwelle (analog einem anderen geeigneten Schienenuntergrund) werden Spannklemmen verwendet. Spannklemmen sind zumeist gebogene Stahlfedern, die im montierten Zustand die Eisenbahnschiene auf die Schwelle drücken. Die Spannkraft der Spannklemme ist hierbei so ausgelegt, dass verschweißte Schienen auch bei einem Bruch in Position gehalten werden und sich möglichst keine Lücken zwischen aneinanderstoßenden Schienen bilden.Tension clamps are used to fasten a railroad track on a sleeper (analogous to any other suitable rail substrate). Tension clamps are mostly bent steel springs that, when assembled, press the railroad track onto the sleeper. The tensioning force of the tension clamp is designed in such a way that welded rails are held in position even in the event of a break and that, if possible, no gaps are formed between adjoining rails.

Die Spannklemme ist Teil eines elektrisch isolierten Schienenbefestigungssystems, das pro Schwelle oder Befestigungspunkt üblicherweise aufweist: Spannklemmen, Winkelführungsplatten, die einen Schienenkanal bilden, Spannschrauben, mit denen die Spannklemmen verschraubt und die in Schraubdübeln, eingegossen in der Schwelle, zu verankern sind, sowie Schienenzwischenlager unter den beiden Schienen, die ein elastisches Einsinken der Schienen erlauben.The tension clamp is part of an electrically isolated rail fastening system that usually has for each sleeper or fastening point: tension clamps, angle guide plates that form a rail channel, tensioning screws with which the tension clamps are screwed and which are to be anchored in screw dowels cast in the sleeper, as well as intermediate rail bearings the two rails that allow the rails to sink in elastically.

Zur Montage wird das Schienenbefestigungssystem auf der Schwelle vormontiert, wobei sich die Spannklemmen zunächst in einer Vormontageposition befinden, in der sie mit einem bestimmten Drehmoment vorverspannt sind. Für die Endmontage werden die Spannklemmen aus der Vormontageposition heraus zur Schiene hin verschoben, so dass ein Schienenhalteabschnitt der Spannklemme auf den Schienenfuß drückt, und mit dem Drehmoment zur Endmontage festgezogen. Zur automatisierten Montage ist es hierbei wichtig, dass ein einfaches Schieben der Spannklemme mittels eines Schiebers ohne vorheriges Lösen der Spannschraube erfolgen kann.For assembly, the rail fastening system is pre-assembled on the sleeper, the tension clamps being initially in a pre-assembly position in which they are pre-tensioned with a certain torque. For final assembly, the tension clamps are moved from the pre-assembly position towards the rail, so that a rail holding section of the tension clamp presses on the rail foot and tightened with the torque for final assembly. For automated assembly, it is important that the tension clamp can be simply pushed by means of a slide without first loosening the tensioning screw.

Die Figur 1 ist eine schematische Draufsicht einer Spannklemme 100 gemäß dem Stand der Technik. Die Spannklemme 100 weist einen mittleren Abschnitt auf, der von zwei parallel verlaufenden inneren Armen 110 und 120 gebildet wird, die auf kontinuierliche und gebogene Weise in Torsionsabschnitte 130 und 140 übergehen. Im weiteren Verlauf sind die beiden Stränge auf einen gemeinsamen Verbindungsarm 150 hin gebogen, der im montierten Zustand auf den Schienenfuß drückt, wodurch die Schiene verspannt wird. Die Spannklemme 100 ist W-förmig gebogen.the Figure 1 Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a tension clamp 100 according to the prior art. The tension clamp 100 has a central section which is formed by two parallel inner arms 110 and 120 which merge into torsion sections 130 and 140 in a continuous and curved manner. In the further course, the two strands are bent towards a common connecting arm 150 which, in the assembled state, presses on the rail foot, whereby the rail is braced. The tension clamp 100 is bent into a W-shape.

Im Beispiel der Figur 1 sind die beiden inneren Arme 110, 120 an ihren der Schiene zugewandten Seiten (Oberseite in der Figur 1) nicht miteinander verbunden. Eine davon abweichende, nichtsdestotrotz W-förmig gebogene Spannklemme geht aus der EP 2 410 090 A1 hervor. Diese weist zwei innere Arme auf, die an ihren der Schiene zugewandten Seiten zu einer Schlaufe verbunden sind.In the example of the Figure 1 are the two inner arms 110, 120 on their sides facing the rail (top in the Figure 1 ) not connected to each other. A different, nonetheless W-shaped curved tension clamp comes out of the EP 2 410 090 A1 emerged. This has two inner arms which are connected to form a loop on their sides facing the rail.

Durch die gebogene W-Form der Spannklemme wird eine zum Niederhalten der Schiene erforderliche federnd elastische Haltekraft erzeugt. Ferner werden weitere Sicherheitsaspekte verwirklicht: Während die Schiene mit den beiden hochelastischen äußeren Federarmen niedergehalten wird, dient der mittlere Abschnitt als zusätzlicher Kippschutz, der bei Erreichen einer bestimmten Kraft aktiviert wird und ein Kippen der Schiene sowie ein Abheben der Schiene von der Schwelle unterbindet. Zudem passt sich die Spannklemme durch den Federweg etwaigen im Lauf der Zeit auftretenden Verformungen des Gleisbetts an. Dadurch benötigt ein mit Spannklemmen ausgestattetes Gleis kein regelmäßiges Nachziehen der Spannschrauben.Due to the curved W-shape of the tension clamp, a resilient, elastic holding force required to hold down the rail is generated. Further safety aspects are also implemented: While the rail with the two is held down by highly elastic outer spring arms, the middle section serves as an additional anti-tip device, which is activated when a certain force is reached and prevents the rail from tilting and the rail from lifting off the threshold. In addition, the tension clamp adapts to any deformations of the track bed that may occur over time due to the spring deflection. As a result, a track equipped with tension clamps does not require regular tightening of the tensioning screws.

Die Spannklemme 100 gemäß der Figur 1 weist zur Befestigung und Verspannung äußere Auflagepunkte 131 und 141 im Bereich der Scheitelpunkte der Torsionsabschnitte 130 und 140 auf. Die äußeren Auflagepunkte stehen im montierten Zustand mit einer Winkelführungsplatte (nicht dargestellt) in Kontakt und stützen sich zur Verspannung auf dieser ab. Ferner weisen die inneren Arme 110 und 120 innere Auflagepunkte 111 und 121 für die Spannschraube (nicht dargestellt) auf. Zwischen den inneren und äußeren Auflagepunkten 111, 121, 131, 141, d.h. zwischen den Auflagerpunkten der Spannklemme 100 und den Krafteinleitungspunkten für die Spannschraube, liegt jeweils ein seitlicher Versatz L in Richtung entlang der montierten Schiene vor. Aufgrund dieses seitlichen Versatzes L tritt nicht nur ein Biegemoment im Fall der Belastung auf die Spannklemme 100 auf, sondern auch ein Torsionsmoment an den inneren Armen 110 und 120. In anderen Worten, die inneren Arme 110 und 120 sind bei der Verspannung der Spannklemme 100 jeweils einer Verdrehung um die eigene Achse ausgesetzt. Dies führt zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß sowohl an der Spannklemme 100 selbst als auch an der Spannschraube.The tension clamp 100 according to FIG Figure 1 has outer support points 131 and 141 in the area of the vertices of the torsion sections 130 and 140 for fastening and bracing. In the assembled state, the outer support points are in contact with an angled guide plate (not shown) and are braced thereon for bracing. Furthermore, the inner arms 110 and 120 have inner support points 111 and 121 for the clamping screw (not shown). Between the inner and outer support points 111, 121, 131, 141, ie between the support points of the tension clamp 100 and the force introduction points for the tensioning screw, there is a lateral offset L in the direction along the mounted rail. As a result of this lateral offset L, not only a bending moment occurs in the event of a load on the tension clamp 100, but also a torsional moment on the inner arms 110 and 120. In other words, the inner arms 110 and 120 are in the tensioning of the tension clamp 100, respectively exposed to a rotation around its own axis. This leads to increased wear both on the tensioning clamp 100 itself and on the tensioning screw.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Spannklemme sowie ein Schienenbefestigungssystem zum lösbaren Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem Schienenuntergrund mit verbesserter Zuverlässigkeit bereitzustellen.One object of the invention is to provide a tension clamp and a rail fastening system for releasably fastening a rail on a rail substrate with improved reliability.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe mit einer Spannklemme mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1, sowie einem Schienenbefestigungssystem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 11. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen folgen aus den Unteransprüchen, der folgenden Darstellung der Erfindung sowie der Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele.The object is achieved with a tension clamp with the features of claim 1 and a rail fastening system with the features of claim 11. Advantageous developments follow from the subclaims, the following presentation of the invention and the description of preferred exemplary embodiments.

Die Spannklemme gemäß der Erfindung dient zum lösbaren Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem Schienenuntergrund. Der Schienenuntergrund ist vorzugsweise eine Bahnschwelle, kann jedoch auch eine andere geeignete Schienenunterlage sein. Die Spannklemme ist vorzugsweise ein Federelement zum kraftschlüssig-elastischen Halten der Schiene auf dem Schienenuntergrund. Die Spannklemme ist, abgesehen von einer etwaigen Beschichtung (weiter unten beschrieben), vorzugsweise einstückig gefertigt, beispielsweise aus Stahl.The tension clamp according to the invention is used to releasably attach a rail to a rail substrate. The rail base is preferably a railway sleeper, but it can also be another suitable rail pad. The tension clamp is preferably a spring element for non-positively elastic holding of the rail on the rail substrate. Apart from any coating (described below), the tension clamp is preferably made in one piece, for example from steel.

Die Spannklemme weist einen mittleren Abschnitt zum Verspannen der Spannklemme auf einer Unterlage auf. Die Unterlage umfasst vorzugsweise eine Winkelführungsplatte, die beispielsweise in einer dafür ausgelegten Ausnehmung des Schienenuntergrunds einbringbar ist. Der mittlere Abschnitt der Spannklemme ist mittels einer Spannschraube verspannbar, die zu diesem Zweck vorzugsweise mit einem Dübel, eingebracht in eine entsprechende Öffnung der Unterlage, zusammenwirkt. Die Spannklemme weist ferner einen äußeren Abschnitt auf, der einen Schienenhalteabschnitt hat, der im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme eine Haltekraft auf die Schiene ausübt. Vorzugsweise weist die Schiene einen Schienenfuß auf, der ein im Bereich des Schienenuntergrunds verbreiterter Abschnitt der Schiene ist. In diesem Fall erfolgt die Verspannung derart, dass der Schienenhalteabschnitt im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme auf den Schienenfuß drückt. Die Spannklemme ist so eingerichtet, dass im montierten Zustand die Spannschraube an zumindest einem Kraftangriffspunkt eine Spannkraft auf den mittleren Abschnitt ausübt. Die Spannkraft ist im Wesentlichen in Schwerkraftrichtung nach unten gerichtet, auch wenn Abweichungen durch eine beabsichtigte, normalerweise geringe Schrägstellung der Spannschraube möglich sind. Es wird daher angenommen, dass die Spannkraft im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme im Wesentlichen vertikal ausgerichtet ist. Durch die Ausübung der so definierten Spannkraft wird die Spannklemme zum einen auf der Unterlage befestigt, zum anderen erfolgt eine elastische Verformung der Spannklemme, die ein kraftschlüssig-elastisches Halten der Schiene zur Folge hat.The tension clamp has a central section for bracing the tension clamp on a base. The base preferably comprises an angled guide plate which can be introduced, for example, into a recess in the rail base designed for this purpose. The middle section of the tensioning clamp can be tensioned by means of a tensioning screw which, for this purpose, preferably cooperates with a dowel introduced into a corresponding opening in the support. The tension clamp furthermore has an outer section which has a rail holding section which, in the assembled state of the tension clamp, exerts a holding force on the rail. The rail preferably has a rail foot which is a section of the rail widened in the area of the rail base. In this case, the bracing takes place in such a way that the rail holding section presses on the rail foot in the assembled state of the tension clamp. The tensioning clamp is set up in such a way that, in the assembled state, the tensioning screw exerts a tensioning force on the middle section at at least one force application point. The clamping force is essentially directed downwards in the direction of gravity, even if deviations are possible due to an intended, normally slight inclination of the clamping screw are. It is therefore assumed that the tension force in the assembled state of the tension clamp is aligned essentially vertically. By exerting the tensioning force defined in this way, the tension clamp is attached to the base on the one hand, and the tension clamp is elastically deformed on the other, which results in a non-positive, elastic holding of the rail.

Erfindungsgemäß weist der mittlere Abschnitt ferner zumindest einen Auflagepunkt auf, der im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme mit der Unterlage in Kontakt steht. In anderen Worten, am Auflagepunkt stützt sich die Spannklemme zur Verspannung auf der Unterlage ab. Hierbei ist ein Auflagepunkt gemeint, der sich nicht direkt an der Spannschraube befindet, d.h. die Position des Auflagepunkts unterscheidet sich von der des Kraftangriffspunkts in einer Projektion senkrecht zur Spannkraft, d.h. in einer Draufsicht auf die Spannklemme. Zwischen dem Auflagepunkt und dem Kraftangriffspunkt ist der mittlere Abschnitt vorzugsweise "frei", d.h. stützt sich nicht auf eine Weise auf der Unterlage ab, dass dies zu einer Verformung der Spannklemme beiträgt. Ferner weist der Auflagepunkt relativ zum Kraftangriffspunkt durch die Spannschraube keinen seitlichen Versatz auf. Die Bezeichnung "seitlich" bezieht sich hierbei auf eine Richtung entlang der Erstreckung der Schiene im montierten Zustand. In anderen Worten, der Kraftangriffspunkt und der Auflagepunkt befinden sich im Wesentlichen in einer Ebene, die senkrecht auf der Erstreckungsrichtung der Schiene steht.According to the invention, the middle section also has at least one support point, which is in contact with the base when the tension clamp is installed. In other words, at the point of support, the tension clamp is supported on the base for bracing. This means a support point that is not located directly on the tensioning screw, i.e. the position of the support point differs from that of the force application point in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force, i.e. in a plan view of the tensioning clamp. Between the point of support and the point of application of force, the middle section is preferably "free", i.e. does not support itself on the base in such a way that this contributes to a deformation of the tension clamp. Furthermore, the support point has no lateral offset relative to the force application point due to the clamping screw. The term "laterally" refers here to a direction along the extension of the rail in the assembled state. In other words, the point of application of force and the point of support are essentially located in a plane which is perpendicular to the direction of extent of the rail.

Da der Auflagepunkt relativ zum Kraftangriffspunkt der Spannschraube keinen seitlichen Versatz aufweist, wirkt beim Spannen der Spannklemme kein oder ein deutlich verringertes Torsionsmoment auf den mittleren Abschnitt. In anderen Worten, der mittlere Abschnitt ist keiner Verdrehung um die eigene Achse ausgesetzt. Dies führt zu einem verbesserten Verschleißverhalten sowohl der Spannklemme als auch der Spannschraube.Since the point of support has no lateral offset relative to the point of application of force of the tensioning screw, no torsional moment or a significantly reduced torsional moment acts on the central section when the tensioning clamp is tensioned. In other words, the middle section is not subjected to any rotation about its own axis. This leads to an improved wear behavior of both the tensioning clamp and the tensioning screw.

Vorzugsweise weist die Spannklemme keinen Auflagepunkt auf, der im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme mit der Unterlage in Kontakt steht und relativ zum Kraftangriffspunkt einen seitlichen Versatz aufweist. Auf diese Weise können innere Torsionsmomente des mittleren Abschnitts minimiert werden.The tension clamp preferably does not have a support point which is in contact with the base in the assembled state of the tension clamp and has a lateral offset relative to the point of application of force. In this way, internal torsional moments of the middle section can be minimized.

Vorzugsweise weist der äußere Abschnitt zumindest einen Torsionsabschnitt auf, der den mittleren Abschnitt mit dem Schienenhalteabschnitt verbindet, sich vom mittleren Abschnitt seitlich (gemäß der obigen Definition) erstreckt und keinen Auflagepunkt mit der Unterlage aufweist. Der Torsionsabschnitt ist zumindest ein Teil einer elastischen Verbindung zwischen dem mittleren Abschnitt und dem Schienenhalteabschnitt, wodurch die oben dargelegte kraftschlüssig-elastische Halterung verwirklicht werden kann. Indem der Torsionsabschnitt keinen Auflagepunkt mit der Unterlage aufweist, können innere Torsionsmomente des mittleren Abschnitts der Spannklemme wirksam verringert werden.The outer section preferably has at least one torsion section which connects the middle section to the rail holding section, extends laterally from the middle section (according to the definition above) and has no point of contact with the base. The torsion section is at least a part of an elastic connection between the middle section and the rail holding section, whereby the above-described non-positive-elastic holding can be realized. Since the torsion section does not have a point of support with the base, internal torsional moments of the central section of the tension clamp can be effectively reduced.

Der Auflagepunkt sei im Folgenden auch als zweiter Auflagepunkt bezeichnet. Vorzugsweise weist der mittlere Abschnitt zumindest einen weiteren Auflagepunkt auf, der als erster Auflagepunkt bezeichnet sei, im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme mit der Unterlage in Kontakt steht und sich in einer Projektion senkrecht zur Spannkraft an der Position des Kraftangriffspunkts befindet, so dass der erste Auflagepunkt und der zweite Auflagepunkt relativ zueinander keinen Versatz aufweisen. Der erste Auflagepunkt befindet sich im montierten Zustand im Bereich der Spannschraube. Der erste Auflagepunkt entsteht vorzugsweise dadurch, dass der mittlere Abschnitt der Spannklemme an dieser Stelle durch Anziehen der Spannschraube auf die Unterlage gedrückt wird. Auf diese Weise können bei stabiler und zuverlässiger Montierbarkeit innere Torsionsmomente des mittleren Abschnitts der Spannklemme wirksam verringert werden.The support point is also referred to below as the second support point. The middle section preferably has at least one further support point, which is referred to as the first support point, is in contact with the base in the assembled state of the tension clamp and is located in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force at the position of the force application point, so that the first support point and the second support point have no offset relative to one another. The first support point is in the assembled state in the area of the clamping screw. The first point of support is preferably created in that the middle section of the tensioning clamp is pressed onto the base at this point by tightening the tensioning screw. In this way, internal torsional moments of the central section of the tension clamp can be effectively reduced with stable and reliable assembly.

Gemäß der Erfindung weist der mittlere Abschnitt zwei innere Arme auf, die sich parallel und in einer Projektion senkrecht zur Spannkraft geradlinig erstrecken, wobei die beiden inneren Arme jeweils einen Kraftangriffspunkt (in dem oben definierten Sinne) und zumindest einen Auflagepunkt aufweisen, der relativ zum zugehörigen Kraftangriffspunkt keinen seitlichen Versatz aufweist. Die projizierte Erstreckungsrichtung der beiden inneren Arme steht im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme vorzugsweise senkrecht auf der Erstreckungsrichtung der Schiene. Die Konstruktion der Klemme lässt sich mittels zweier innerer Arme vereinfachen, da diese gebogen werden können, vorzugsweise auf spiegelsymmetrische Weise, um in deren weiteren Verlauf den äußeren Abschnitt auszubilden.According to the invention, the middle section has two inner arms which extend in a straight line parallel and in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force, the two inner arms each having a force application point (in the above defined sense) and have at least one support point that has no lateral offset relative to the associated force application point. The projected direction of extension of the two inner arms is preferably perpendicular to the direction of extension of the rail when the tension clamp is installed. The construction of the clamp can be simplified by means of two inner arms, since these can be bent, preferably in a mirror-symmetrical manner, in order to form the outer section in their further course.

Vorzugsweise weisen die beiden inneren Arme jeweils einen ersten Auflagepunkt und einen zweiten Auflagepunkt auf, die relativ zueinander keinen seitlichen Versatz aufweisen. Im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme befinden sich die beiden ersten Auflagepunkte an Position von Kraftangriffspunkten der Spannschraube, in einer Projektion senkrecht zur Spannkraft. Die beiden ersten Auflagepunkte befinden sich im Bereich der Spannschraube. Die ersten Auflagepunkte entstehen vorzugsweise dadurch, dass die beiden inneren Arme an diesen Stellen durch Anziehen der Spannschraube auf die Unterlage gedrückt werden. Auf diese Weise können bei stabiler und zuverlässiger Montierbarkeit innere Torsionsmomente des mittleren Abschnitts der Spannklemme wirksam verringert werden.The two inner arms each preferably have a first support point and a second support point, which have no lateral offset relative to one another. In the assembled state of the tensioning clamp, the first two support points are at the position of force application points of the tensioning screw, in a projection perpendicular to the tensioning force. The first two support points are in the area of the clamping screw. The first support points are preferably created in that the two inner arms are pressed onto the base at these points by tightening the clamping screw. In this way, internal torsional moments of the central section of the tension clamp can be effectively reduced with stable and reliable assembly.

Vorzugsweise sind die beiden inneren Arme im Bereich des jeweiligen (zweiten) Auflagepunkts in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Erstreckungsrichtung der Schiene gebogen, vorzugsweise S-förmig gebogen. Durch Biegen der beiden inneren Arme lässt sich die kraftschlüssig-elastische Funktionalität der Spannklemme auf konstruktiv und fertigungstechnisch einfache Weise realisieren.The two inner arms are preferably bent in the region of the respective (second) support point in a plane perpendicular to the direction of extent of the rail, preferably bent in an S-shape. By bending the two inner arms, the non-positive, elastic functionality of the tension clamp can be implemented in a structurally and technically simple manner.

Vorzugsweise weist der äußere Abschnitt zwei Torsionsabschnitte auf, die sich entsprechend von einem zugehörigen inneren Arm seitlich erstrecken und die inneren Arme mit dem Schienenhalteabschnitt verbinden. Der eine innere Arm und der zugehörige Torsionsabschnitt sind in diesem Fall vorzugsweise spiegelsymmetrisch zum anderen inneren Arm und zugehörigen Torsionsabschnitt ausgebildet, relativ zu einer Spiegelebene, die senkrecht auf der Erstreckungsrichtung der Schiene steht. Die Torsionsabschnitte werden vorzugsweise durch Biegen der inneren Arme (genauer gesagt, deren Verlängerung) hergestellt, wodurch sich die kraftschlüssig-elastische Funktionalität der Spannklemme auf konstruktiv und fertigungstechnisch einfache Weise realisieren lässt.The outer section preferably has two torsion sections which correspondingly extend laterally from an associated inner arm and connect the inner arms to the rail holding section. The one inner arm and the associated torsion section are in this case preferably designed mirror-symmetrically to the other inner arm and associated torsion section, relative to a mirror plane which is perpendicular to the direction of extent of the rail. The torsion sections are preferably produced by bending the inner arms (more precisely, their extension), as a result of which the non-positive, elastic functionality of the tension clamp can be implemented in a structurally and technically simple manner.

Vorzugsweise weisen die beiden inneren Arme schienenseitig jeweils ein inneres Ende auf. Damit ist gemeint, dass die beiden inneren Arme an ihren der Schiene zugewandten Seiten nicht miteinander verbunden sind, d.h. keine Schleife bilden, sondern enden. Die beiden inneren Arme sind gemäß dieser Ausführungsform allenfalls über den äußeren Abschnitt miteinander verbunden. Vorzugsweise weist der Schienenhalteabschnitt einen Verbindungsarm auf, der die beiden inneren Arme miteinander in Verbindung bringt.The two inner arms preferably each have an inner end on the rail side. This means that the two inner arms are not connected to one another on their sides facing the rail, i.e. do not form a loop, but end. According to this embodiment, the two inner arms are at most connected to one another via the outer section. The rail holding section preferably has a connecting arm which connects the two inner arms with one another.

Ein detailliertes und bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Spannklemme, das auf einem gebogenen Stahlstrang beruht, weist den folgenden Aufbau auf (betrachtet in einer Draufsicht, d.h. einer Projektion senkrecht zur Spannkraft): Ausgehend vom inneren Ende eines der beiden inneren Arme erstreckt sich der innere Arm entlang einer Richtung, die von einer eingespannten Schiene wegführt. An den inneren Arm schließt sich ein Torsionsabschnitt an, der seitlich nach außen gebogen einen Scheitelpunkt durchläuft und weiter umgebogen in einen äußeren Arm übergeht, der vorzugsweise nicht exakt parallel, jedoch ungefähr in der Richtung des inneren Arms über das innere Ende hinaus zurückführt und an einem äußeren Umlenkpunkt in den Verbindungsarm übergeht. Der Verbindungsarm verläuft im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme parallel zur Schiene und drückt auf einen Schienenfuß, um die Schiene zu verspannen. Analog zur Flanke des einen inneren Arms erstreckt sich ausgehend vom anderen inneren Ende der andere innere Arm entlang einer Richtung, die von der eingespannten Schiene wegführt. An den anderen inneren Arm schließt sich ein weiterer Torsionsabschnitt an, der seitlich nach außen gebogen einen Scheitelpunkt durchläuft und weiter umgebogen in einen weiteren äußeren Arm übergeht, der vorzugsweise nicht exakt parallel, jedoch ungefähr in der Richtung des inneren Arms über das innere Ende hinaus zurückführt und an einem weiteren äußeren Umlenkpunkt in den Verbindungsarm übergeht. Das Gebilde, insbesondere die beiden Umlenkpunkte und die beiden Scheitelpunkte haben in der Projektion senkrecht zur Spannkraft vorzugsweise die Form eines Trapezes. Vorzugsweise sind die beiden Flanken spiegelsymmetrisch.A detailed and preferred embodiment of a tensioning clamp, which is based on a bent steel strand, has the following structure (viewed in a plan view, ie a projection perpendicular to the tensioning force): Starting from the inner end of one of the two inner arms, the inner arm extends along a Direction away from a clamped rail. The inner arm is followed by a torsion section, which is bent laterally outwards and passes through an apex and further bent over into an outer arm, which preferably not exactly parallel, but leads back approximately in the direction of the inner arm beyond the inner end and at one outer turning point merges into the connecting arm. Of the When the tension clamp is installed, the connecting arm runs parallel to the rail and presses on a rail foot to clamp the rail. Analogous to the flank of the one inner arm, the other inner arm extends, starting from the other inner end, along a direction which leads away from the clamped rail. The other inner arm is followed by a further torsion section, which is bent laterally outward and passes through an apex and further bent over into another outer arm, which preferably not exactly parallel, but leads back approximately in the direction of the inner arm beyond the inner end and merges into the connecting arm at a further outer turning point. The structure, in particular the two deflection points and the two vertices, preferably have the shape of a trapezoid in the projection perpendicular to the clamping force. The two flanks are preferably mirror-symmetrical.

Vorzugsweise ist die Spannklemme zumindest teilweise von einem isolierenden Material, vorzugsweise Kunststoff, umgeben, vorzugsweise umspritzt. Dadurch, dass der Auflagepunkt (analog mehrere Auflagepunkte) ohne Exzentrizität bzw. Versatz ausgeführt ist, wird neben den oben dargelegten technischen Wirkungen die Bewegung des mittleren Abschnitts der Spannklemme beim Spannen minimiert. Dies trägt dazu bei, dass eine solche Isolierung zuverlässig und haltbar realisierbar ist. Durch die verbesserte Isolation mit deutlich erhöhtem elektrischen Widerstand, die auf synergetische Weise durch die Anordnung des Auflagepunkts (analog mehrere Auflagepunkte) ermöglicht wird, ist die Spannklemme und ein damit ausgestattetes Schienenbefestigungssystem besonders gut für eingedeckte Gleise geeignet, die vorrangig im Nahverkehr zum Einsatz kommen. Hintergrund ist die erhöhte Streustromproblematik in diesem Bereich. Zudem ist das Schienenbefestigungssystem (mit und ohne zusätzliche Isolation) besonders flach ausführbar, wodurch eine etwaige darüber liegende Asphaltdecke besonders dick und tragfähig vorgesehen werden kann. Durch die große Auflagefläche der Spannklemme auf dem Schienenfuß, die beispielsweise durch den Verbindungsarm gewährleistet ist, kann ein Isolatorabschnitt als Teil der oben genannten Isolierung zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Spannklemme ohne größeren Verschleiß realisiert werden. Es kann hierbei zwischen einer ersten Isolierung der Spannklemme zur Spannschraube und einer zweiten Isolierung der Spannklemme zum Schienenfuß unterschieden werden, die unterschiedlich aufgebaut sein können, insbesondere unterschiedlichen mechanischen und/oder elektrischen Anforderungen genügen können.The tension clamp is preferably at least partially surrounded, preferably encapsulated, by an insulating material, preferably plastic. Because the support point (similarly several support points) is designed without eccentricity or offset, in addition to the technical effects set out above, the movement of the central section of the tension clamp is minimized during tensioning. This contributes to the fact that such an insulation can be realized reliably and durably. Due to the improved insulation with significantly increased electrical resistance, which is made possible in a synergetic manner by the arrangement of the support point (analog multiple support points), the tension clamp and a rail fastening system equipped with it are particularly well suited for covered tracks, which are primarily used in local traffic. The background to this is the increased problem of stray current in this area. In addition, the rail fastening system (with and without additional insulation) can be designed to be particularly flat, which means that any asphalt pavement above it can be made particularly thick and stable. Due to the large contact surface of the tension clamp on the rail foot, which is for example through the Connection arm is ensured, an insulator section can be implemented as part of the above-mentioned insulation between the rail foot and the tension clamp without major wear. A distinction can be made here between a first insulation of the tension clamp to the tensioning screw and a second insulation of the tension clamp to the rail foot, which can be constructed differently, in particular can meet different mechanical and / or electrical requirements.

Das Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß der Erfindung ist zum lösbaren Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem Schienenuntergrund vorgesehen. Das Schienenbefestigungssystem weist eine Spannschraube und eine Spannklemme gemäß der obigen Beschreibung auf. Der mittlere Abschnitt der Spannklemme ist mittels der Spannschraube so auf einer Unterlage verschraubt und verspannt, dass der Schienenhalteabschnitt eine Haltekraft auf die Schiene ausübt, wobei die Spannschraube an zumindest einem Kraftangriffspunkt eine Spannkraft auf den mittleren Abschnitt ausübt, der Auflagepunkt mit der Unterlage in Kontakt steht, die Position des Auflagepunkts sich von der des Kraftangriffspunkts in einer Projektion senkrecht zur Spannkraft unterscheidet und der Auflagepunkt relativ zum Kraftangriffspunkt keinen seitlichen Versatz aufweist.The rail fastening system according to the invention is provided for the detachable fastening of a rail on a rail substrate. The rail fastening system has a tensioning screw and a tensioning clamp as described above. The middle section of the tensioning clamp is screwed and tensioned on a base by means of the tensioning screw in such a way that the rail holding section exerts a holding force on the rail, the tensioning screw exerting a tensioning force on the central section at at least one force application point, the support point being in contact with the base , the position of the point of support differs from that of the point of force application in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force and the point of support does not have any lateral offset relative to the point of force application.

Die Merkmale, technischen Wirkungen, Vorteile, sowie Ausführungsbeispiele, die in Bezug auf die Spannklemme beschrieben wurden, gelten analog für das Schienenbefestigungssystem.The features, technical effects, advantages and exemplary embodiments that were described with reference to the tension clamp apply analogously to the rail fastening system.

Vorzugsweise weist die Unterlage und/oder die Spannklemme Mittel zum seitlichen Verschieben der Spannklemme auf. Beispielsweise weist die Unterlage einen Rillenabschnitt oder eine Rillenplatte auf, die auf eine verzahnende Weise mit der Spannklemme zusammenwirkt, um eine horizontale Regulierbarkeit der Spannklemme entlang der Schiene zu realisieren.The base and / or the tension clamp preferably has means for laterally displacing the tension clamp. For example, the base has a grooved section or a grooved plate which interacts in a toothed manner with the tensioning clamp in order to realize a horizontal adjustability of the tensioning clamp along the rail.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung sind aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele ersichtlich. Die dort beschriebenen Merkmale können alleinstehend oder in Kombination mit einem oder mehreren der oben dargelegten Merkmale umgesetzt werden, insofern sich die Merkmale nicht widersprechen. Die folgende Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele erfolgt dabei unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitenden Zeichnungen.Further advantages and features of the present invention can be seen from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments. The features described there can be implemented alone or in combination with one or more of the features set out above, provided the features do not contradict one another. The following description of the preferred exemplary embodiments takes place with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Kurze Beschreibung der FigurenBrief description of the figures

  • Die Figur 1 ist eine schematische Draufsicht einer Spannklemme gemäß dem Stand der Technik.the Figure 1 Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a tension clamp according to the prior art.
  • Die Figur 2 ist eine perspektivische schematische Ansicht einer Spannklemme mit verbesserter Auflagecharakteristik.the Figure 2 Fig. 3 is a perspective schematic view of a tension clamp with improved seating characteristics.
  • Die Figuren 3a bis 3c sind verschiedene schematische Ansichten der Spannklemme gemäß der Figur 2, wobei die Figur 3a eine Draufsicht, die Figur 3b eine perspektivische seitliche Ansicht (schienenseitig betrachtet) und die Figur 3c eine Seitenansicht ist.the Figures 3a to 3c are various schematic views of the tension clamp according to FIG Figure 2 , where the Figure 3a a top view that Figure 3b a perspective side view (viewed from the rail side) and the Figure 3c is a side view.
  • Die Figur 4 ist eine Draufsicht, die auf schematische Weise ein Schienenbefestigungssystem mit eingespannter Schiene zeigt.the Figure 4 Fig. 13 is a plan view schematically showing a rail fastening system with a rail constrained.
  • Die Figur 5 ist eine schematische Schnittansicht des Schienenbefestigungssystems gemäß der Figur 4.the Figure 5 FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the rail fastening system according to FIG Figure 4 .
  • Die Figur 6 ist eine schematische Draufsicht, die einen Ausschnitt des Schienenbefestigungssystems gemäß der Figur 4 zeigt.the Figure 6 FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a section of the rail fastening system according to FIG Figure 4 shows.
Detaillierte Beschreibung bevorzugter AusführunqsbeispieleDetailed description of preferred exemplary embodiments

Im Folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Figuren beschrieben. Dabei sind gleiche, ähnliche oder gleichwirkende Elemente in den Figuren mit identischen Bezugszeichen versehen, und auf eine wiederholende Beschreibung dieser Elemente wird teilweise verzichtet, um Redundanzen zu vermeiden.In the following, preferred exemplary embodiments are described with reference to the figures. Identical, similar or identically acting elements are provided with identical reference symbols in the figures, and a repetitive description of these elements is in some cases dispensed with in order to avoid redundancies.

Die Figur 2 ist eine perspektivische schematische Ansicht einer Spannklemme 1, die ein Federelement aus einem gebogenen Stahlstrang ist. Weitere Ansichten der Spannklemme 1 gemäß dieser Ausführungsform gehen aus den Figuren 3a, 3b und 3c hervor. Die Spannklemme 1 weist einen mittleren Abschnitt, gebildet aus zwei inneren Armen 10 und 20, und einen äußeren Abschnitt auf, der aus zwei Torsionsabschnitten 30 und 40, zwei äußeren Armen 50 und 60 sowie einem Verbindungsarm 70, der die beiden äußeren Arme 50, 60 miteinander verbindet, aufgebaut ist. Der Verbindungsarm 70 ist ein Beispiel für einen Schienenhalteabschnitt, der im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme 1 eine Haltekraft auf die zu befestigende Schiene ausübt.the Figure 2 is a perspective schematic view of a tension clamp 1, which is a spring element made from a bent steel strand. Further views of the tension clamp 1 according to this embodiment are shown in FIGS Figures 3a, 3b and 3c emerged. The tension clamp 1 has a middle section, formed from two inner arms 10 and 20, and an outer section, which consists of two torsion sections 30 and 40, two outer arms 50 and 60 and a connecting arm 70 that connects the two outer arms 50, 60 connects with each other, is built up. The connecting arm 70 is an example of a rail holding section which, in the assembled state of the tensioning clamp 1, exerts a holding force on the rail to be fastened.

Die verschiedenen Abschnitte der Spannklemme 1 gehen gemäß der vorliegenden Ausführungsform auf kontinuierliche und gebogene Weise ineinander über, so dass ein einstückiges, W-förmiges Federelement ausgebildet wird.According to the present embodiment, the various sections of the tension clamp 1 merge into one another in a continuous and curved manner, so that a one-piece, W-shaped spring element is formed.

Der Aufbau der Spannklemme 1 in der Draufsicht der Figur 3a ist im Detail wie folgt: Ausgehend von einem inneren Ende 11 des einen inneren Arms 10 erstreckt sich der innere Arm 10 entlang einer Richtung, die von einer etwaigen Schiene (in der Figur 2 nicht dargestellt) wegführt. An den inneren Arm 10 schließt sich der Torsionsabschnitt 30 an, der nach außen gebogen einen Scheitelpunkt 31 durchläuft und weiter umgebogen in den äußeren Arm 50 übergeht, der im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel nicht exakt parallel, jedoch ungefähr in der Richtung des inneren Arms 10 über das innere Ende 11 hinaus zurückführt und an einem äußeren Umlenkpunkt 51 in den Verbindungsarm 70 übergeht. Der Verbindungsarm 70 verläuft im montierten Zustand der Spannklemme 1 parallel zur Schiene und drückt auf einen Schienenfuß, um die Schiene zu verspannen. Analog zur Flanke des inneren Arms 10 erstreckt sich ausgehend von einem inneren Ende 21 des anderen inneren Arms 20 der innere Arm 20 entlang einer Richtung, die von einer etwaigen Schiene (in der Figur 2 nicht dargestellt) wegführt. An den inneren Arm 20 schließt sich der Torsionsabschnitt 40 an, der nach außen gebogen einen Scheitelpunkt 41 durchläuft und weiter umgebogen in den äußeren Arm 60 übergeht, der im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel nicht exakt parallel, jedoch ungefähr in der Richtung des inneren Arms 20 über das innere Ende 21 hinaus zurückführt und an einem äußeren Umlenkpunkt 61 in den Verbindungsarm 70 übergeht.The structure of the tension clamp 1 in the plan view of FIG Figure 3a is in detail as follows: Starting from an inner end 11 of the one inner arm 10, the inner arm 10 extends along a direction which is determined by a possible rail (in the Figure 2 not shown) leads away. The inner arm 10 is followed by the torsion section 30 which, when bent outward, passes through an apex 31 and, when bent, merges into the outer arm 50, which is in the In the present exemplary embodiment, it is not exactly parallel, but approximately in the direction of the inner arm 10 goes back beyond the inner end 11 and merges into the connecting arm 70 at an outer deflection point 51. In the assembled state of the tensioning clamp 1, the connecting arm 70 runs parallel to the rail and presses on a rail foot in order to brace the rail. Analogous to the flank of the inner arm 10, starting from an inner end 21 of the other inner arm 20, the inner arm 20 extends along a direction which is determined by a possible rail (in the Figure 2 not shown) leads away. The inner arm 20 is followed by the torsion section 40 which, when bent outwards, passes through an apex 41 and continues bent over into the outer arm 60, which in the present exemplary embodiment is not exactly parallel, but approximately in the direction of the inner arm 20 over the inner one End 21 leads back out and merges into the connecting arm 70 at an outer deflection point 61.

Das Gebilde, insbesondere die Umlenkpunkte 51, 61 und Scheitelpunkte 31, 41 haben in der Draufsicht der Figur 3a ungefähr die Form eines Trapezes. Allerdings kann die Form von der in den Figuren 2, 3a bis 3c dargestellten Form abweichen. So können die beiden äußeren Arme 50 und 60 beispielsweise parallel verlaufen. Ferner kann ggf. auf den Verbindungsarm 70 verzichtet werden, wenn der Schienenhalteabschnitt der Spannklemme 1 auf andere Weise aufgebaut ist, insbesondere wenn die beiden inneren Arme 10, 20 keine Enden 11, 21 aufweisen sondern an deren Stelle miteinander verbunden sind.The structure, in particular the deflection points 51, 61 and vertices 31, 41 have in the plan view of Figure 3a roughly the shape of a trapezoid. However, the shape may vary from that in the Figures 2 , 3a to 3c the shape shown. For example, the two outer arms 50 and 60 can run parallel. Furthermore, the connecting arm 70 can possibly be dispensed with if the rail holding section of the tensioning clamp 1 is constructed in a different way, in particular if the two inner arms 10, 20 have no ends 11, 21 but are connected to one another in their place.

Die Spannklemme 1 ist spiegelsymmetrisch ausgebildet, relativ zu einer Spiegelebene, die senkrecht auf der Erstreckung des Verbindungsarms 70 steht und mittig zwischen den beiden inneren Armen 10, 20 verläuft.The tension clamp 1 is designed to be mirror-symmetrical relative to a mirror plane which is perpendicular to the extension of the connecting arm 70 and runs centrally between the two inner arms 10, 20.

Die beiden inneren Arme 10, 20 weisen jeweils eine abgeplattete Fläche 12 und 22 auf, die zur direkten oder indirekten (etwa mittels einer Unterlegscheibe) Auflage des Kopfes einer Spannschraube zur Verspannung der Spannklemme 1 in der Endmontageposition vorgesehen sind (vgl. Figuren 4, 5 und 6). Auf der der abgeplatteten Fläche 12, 22 gegenüberliegenden Seite des entsprechenden inneren Arms 10, 20 liegt die Spannklemme 1 in der Endmontageposition an einem ersten Auflagepunkt 13, 23 auf einer Unterlage (weiter unten beschrieben) auf. Ferner weisen beide innere Arme 10, 20 jeweils einen zweiten Auflagepunkt 14, 24 auf, ebenfalls an der Unterseite der Spannklemme 1 (in Endmontageposition gesehen) und ebenfalls zur Auflage auf der Unterlage. Die beiden Auflagepunkte 13, 14 (analog 23, 24) liegen in der Draufsicht der Figur 3a im Wesentlichen auf einer Linie, die senkrecht auf dem Verbindungsarm 70 bzw. einer zu verspannenden Schiene steht. In anderen Worten, die beiden Auflagepunkte 13, 14 (analog 23, 24) weisen im Wesentlichen keinen Versatz auf. Sie liegen beide auf der geradlinigen Erstreckungsrichtung des jeweiligen inneren Arms 10, 20. Insbesondere weisen die Torsionsabschnitte 30, 40 keine Auflagepunkte auf.The two inner arms 10, 20 each have a flattened surface 12 and 22, which can be used for direct or indirect (e.g. by means of a washer) Support of the head of a tensioning screw for tensioning the tensioning clamp 1 in the final assembly position are provided (cf. Figures 4, 5 and 6th ). On the side of the corresponding inner arm 10, 20 opposite the flattened surface 12, 22, the tension clamp 1 rests in the final assembly position at a first support point 13, 23 on a base (described below). Furthermore, the two inner arms 10, 20 each have a second support point 14, 24, likewise on the underside of the tensioning clamp 1 (seen in the final assembly position) and also to rest on the base. The two support points 13, 14 (analogous to 23, 24) are in the plan view of Figure 3a essentially on a line which is perpendicular to the connecting arm 70 or a rail to be braced. In other words, the two support points 13, 14 (analogous to 23, 24) have essentially no offset. They both lie on the straight extension direction of the respective inner arm 10, 20. In particular, the torsion sections 30, 40 have no points of support.

Im vormontierten, jedoch noch nicht gespannten Zustand der Spannklemme 1 sind die Abschnitte der inneren Arme 10, 20, die sich zwischen den beiden Auflagepunkten 14, 24 befinden, vorzugsweise "frei", d.h. sie stehen nicht mit der Unterlage in Kontakt, so dass sich die Spannklemme 1 bei der Endmontage durch Festziehen der Spannschraube verformt und auf diese Weise spannen lässt. Da die beiden Auflagepunkte 13, 14 (analog 23, 24) keinen seitlichen Versatz aufweisen, wirkt beim Spannen der Spannklemme 1 kein oder ein deutlich verringertes Torsionsmoment auf die inneren Arme 10 und 20. Dies führt zu einem verbesserten Verschleißverhalten sowohl der Spannklemme 1 als auch der Spannschraube.In the preassembled, but not yet tensioned state of the tension clamp 1, the sections of the inner arms 10, 20, which are located between the two support points 14, 24, are preferably "free", ie they are not in contact with the base, so that the tension clamp 1 is deformed during final assembly by tightening the tensioning screw and can be tensioned in this way. Since the two support points 13, 14 (analogous to 23, 24) have no lateral offset, when tensioning the tension clamp 1, no or a significantly reduced torsional moment acts on the inner arms 10 and 20. This leads to an improved wear behavior of both the tension clamp 1 and the tensioning screw.

Die besondere Anordnung der Auflagepunkte 13, 14, 23, 24 wird vorzugsweise dadurch erreicht, dass die inneren Arme 10, 20 jeweils in einer Ebene gebogen sind, die parallel zur oben definierten Spiegelebene verläuft und den entsprechenden inneren Arm 10, 20 (genauer gesagt, dessen Mittellinie) enthält. Die inneren Arme 10, 20 sind diesbezüglich vorzugsweise S-förmig gebogen, wie in der Figur 3c gezeigt.The special arrangement of the support points 13, 14, 23, 24 is preferably achieved in that the inner arms 10, 20 are each bent in a plane that runs parallel to the mirror plane defined above and the corresponding inner arm 10, 20 (more precisely, its center line) contains. The inner arms 10, 20 are preferably bent in an S-shape in this regard, as in FIG Figure 3c shown.

Die Figuren 4 bis 6 zeigen die Endmontageposition der Spannklemme 1 als Teil eines kraftschlüssig-elastischen Schienenbefestigungssystems.the Figures 4 to 6 show the final assembly position of the tension clamp 1 as part of a non-positive, elastic rail fastening system.

Die Figur 4 ist eine schematische Draufsicht und zeigt eine Schiene 2 mit einem Schienenfuß 2a, der auf beiden Seiten jeweils mittels einer Spannklemme 1 verspannt ist. Die Schiene 2 liegt in einer Ausnehmung 3a (vgl. Figur 5) einer Schwelle 3 (oder einer anderen geeigneten Schienenunterlage). Das Schienenbefestigungssystem weist eine Winkelführungsplatte 4 auf, die mit je einer Spannschraube 5 auf der Schwelle 3 verschraubt ist. Die kraftschlüssig-elastische Halterung des Schienenfußes 2a erfolgt über die oben dargelegte Spannklemme 1, die durch die Spannschraube 5 über eine Unterlegscheibe 5a mit verspannt wird. Die Winkelführungsplatte 4 weist eine Auflagefläche auf, die für die Auflagepunkte der Spannklemme 1, insbesondere zum Abstützen der Auflagepunkte 13, 23, 14, 24 eingerichtet ist.the Figure 4 is a schematic plan view and shows a rail 2 with a rail foot 2a, which is clamped on both sides by means of a tension clamp 1. The rail 2 lies in a recess 3a (cf. Figure 5 ) a sleeper 3 (or another suitable rail pad). The rail fastening system has an angled guide plate 4 which is screwed onto the sleeper 3 with a clamping screw 5 each. The non-positive, elastic mounting of the rail foot 2a takes place via the tensioning clamp 1 set out above, which is also braced by the tensioning screw 5 via a washer 5a. The angled guide plate 4 has a support surface which is set up for the support points of the tensioning clamp 1, in particular for supporting the support points 13, 23, 14, 24.

In einer nicht dargestellten Vormontageposition ist die Spannschrauben 5 mit einem vorläufigen Anzugsdrehmoment, beispielsweise ca. 50 Nm, angezogen, und die Spannklemme 1 befindet sich in einer von der Schiene 2 zurückversetzten Position.In a pre-assembly position, not shown, the tensioning screw 5 is tightened with a preliminary tightening torque, for example approx. 50 Nm, and the tensioning clamp 1 is in a position set back from the rail 2.

Wird die Spannklemme 1 aus der Vormontageposition zur Schiene 2 hin in die Endmontageposition gebracht, liegt die Spannklemme 1 in einer Position vor, die aus den Figuren 4 bis 6 hervorgeht. Die Spannschraube 5 kommt über die Unterlegscheibe 5a mit den abgeplatteten Flächen 12, 22 der beiden inneren Arme 10, 20 in Kontakt, und der Verbindungsarm 70 schiebt sich über den Schienenfuß 2a. Die beiden inneren Arme 10, 20 der Spannklemme 1 kommen mit einem geringen Abstand zum Schienenfuß 2a zu liegen (oder kommen mit diesem in Kontakt), wodurch ein Kippschutz gegeben ist. Anschließend wird die Spannschraube 5 mit dem endgültigen Anzugsdrehmoment angezogen, so dass die Spannklemme 1 gespannt wird und der Verbindungsarm 70 mit der gewünschten Kraft auf den Schienenfuß 2a drückt.If the tension clamp 1 is brought from the preassembly position towards the rail 2 into the final assembly position, the tension clamp 1 is in a position that consists of the Figures 4 to 6 emerges. The clamping screw 5 comes into contact with the flattened surfaces 12, 22 of the two inner arms 10, 20 via the washer 5a, and the connecting arm 70 slides over the rail foot 2a. The two inner arms 10, 20 of the tension clamp 1 come to lie at a small distance from the rail foot 2a (or come into contact with it), whereby a tilt protection is given. The tensioning screw 5 is then tightened with the final tightening torque, so that the tensioning clamp 1 is tensioned and the connecting arm 70 presses the rail foot 2a with the desired force.

Aus der Schnittansicht der Figur 5 geht hervor, dass der Schaft der Spannschraube 5, nachdem dieser zwischen den beiden inneren Armen 10, 20 der Spannklemme 1 hindurchgetreten ist, die Winkelführungsplatte 4 durchdringt und in einen Dübel 6, eingebracht in eine entsprechende Öffnung der Schwelle 3, eingreift. Die Spannklemme 1 wird beim Festziehen der Spannschraube 5 von oben mit einer Kraft beaufschlagt, wodurch der Schienenfuß 2a geklemmt und die Spannklemme 1 verspannt werden.From the sectional view of the Figure 5 it can be seen that the shaft of the tensioning screw 5, after it has passed between the two inner arms 10, 20 of the tensioning clamp 1, penetrates the angled guide plate 4 and engages in a dowel 6 inserted in a corresponding opening in the sleeper 3. A force is applied to the tensioning clamp 1 from above when the tensioning screw 5 is tightened, as a result of which the rail base 2a is clamped and the tensioning clamp 1 is tensioned.

Gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 4 bis 6 ist eine gesonderte Isolierung 7 zwischen der Spannklemme 1 und der Winkelführungsplatte 4 sowie dem Schienenfuß 2a vorgesehen. Die elektrische Isolierung 7 ist beispielsweise aus Kunststoff gefertigt, vorzugsweise wird dieser an- oder umspritzt, wodurch die Spannklemme 1 zumindest teilweise von der Isolierung umgeben ist. Es kann hierbei zwischen einer ersten Isolierung 7a der Spannklemme 1 zur Spannschraube 5 und einer zweiten Isolierung 7b der Spannklemme 1 zum Schienenfuß 2a unterschieden werden, die unterschiedlich aufgebaut sein können, insbesondere unterschiedlichen mechanischen und/oder elektrischen Anforderungen genügen können. Für die konstruktive Lösung, die Isolierung 7 betreffend, ist es wichtig, dass eine Bewegung des mittleren Bereichs der Spannklemme 1, insbesondere der inneren Arme 10, 20, ausgeschlossen oder zumindest stark vermindert ist. Diese Anforderung wird durch die oben dargelegte Anordnung der Auflagepunkte 13, 14, 23, 24 ohne Exzentrizität bzw. seitlichen Versatz erfüllt.According to the embodiment of Figures 4 to 6 a separate insulation 7 is provided between the tension clamp 1 and the angled guide plate 4 and the rail foot 2a. The electrical insulation 7 is made of plastic, for example, which is preferably molded on or around it, as a result of which the tensioning clamp 1 is at least partially surrounded by the insulation. A distinction can be made between a first insulation 7a of the tension clamp 1 to the tensioning screw 5 and a second insulation 7b of the tension clamp 1 to the rail foot 2a, which can be constructed differently, in particular can meet different mechanical and / or electrical requirements. For the structural solution relating to the insulation 7, it is important that a movement of the central area of the tension clamp 1, in particular the inner arms 10, 20, is excluded or at least greatly reduced. This requirement is met by the above-mentioned arrangement of the support points 13, 14, 23, 24 without eccentricity or lateral offset.

Durch die verbesserte Isolation mit deutlich erhöhtem elektrischen Widerstand, die auf synergetische Weise durch die Anordnung der Auflagepunkte 13, 14, 23, 24 ermöglicht wird, ist das Schienenbefestigungssystem besonders gut für eingedeckte Gleise geeignet, die vorrangig im Nahverkehr zum Einsatz kommen. Hintergrund ist die erhöhte Streustromproblematik in diesem Bereich.Due to the improved insulation with significantly increased electrical resistance, which is made possible in a synergetic way by the arrangement of the support points 13, 14, 23, 24, the rail fastening system is particularly suitable for covered tracks that are primarily used in local traffic. The background to this is the increased problem of stray current in this area.

Zudem ist das Schienenbefestigungssystem besonders flach ausführbar, wodurch eine etwaige darüber liegende Asphaltdecke besonders dick und tragfähig vorgesehen werden kann. Durch die große Auflagefläche der Spannklemme 1 auf dem Schienenfuß 2a, die durch den Verbindungsarm 70 gewährleistet ist, kann ein Isolatorabschnitt als Teil der oben genannten Isolierung 7 zwischen dem Schienenfuß 2a und der Spannklemme 1 ohne größeren Verschleiß realisiert werden.In addition, the rail fastening system can be designed to be particularly flat, as a result of which any asphalt pavement above it can be made particularly thick and load-bearing. Due to the large contact surface of the tension clamp 1 on the rail foot 2a, which is ensured by the connecting arm 70, an insulator section can be implemented as part of the above-mentioned insulation 7 between the rail foot 2a and the tension clamp 1 without major wear.

Um eine horizontale Regulierbarkeit der Spannklemme 1 entlang der Schiene 2 zu realisieren, kann die Winkelführungsplatte 4 mit einem Rillenabschnitt oder einer Rillenplatte 8 ausgestattet sein. Wie eine Verzahnung dieser Art aussehen kann, geht besonders deutlich aus der Figur 6 hervor.In order to realize a horizontal adjustability of the tension clamp 1 along the rail 2, the angled guide plate 4 can be equipped with a grooved section or a grooved plate 8. What a toothing of this type can look like is particularly clear from the Figure 6 emerged.

Soweit anwendbar, können alle einzelnen Merkmale, die in den Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellt sind, miteinander kombiniert und/oder ausgetauscht werden, ohne den Bereich der Erfindung zu verlassen.As far as applicable, all of the individual features shown in the exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another and / or exchanged without departing from the scope of the invention.

BezuqszeichenlisteReference list

11
SpannklemmeTension clamp
22
Schienerail
2a2a
SchienenfußRail foot
33
Schwellethreshold
3a3a
AusnehmungRecess
44th
WinkelführungsplatteAngle guide plate
55
SpannschraubeClamping screw
5a5a
UnterlegscheibeWasher
66th
DübelDowels
77th
Isolierunginsulation
7a7a
Erste IsolierungFirst isolation
7b7b
Zweite IsolierungSecond isolation
88th
RillenplatteGrooved plate
1010
Innerer ArmInner arm
1111
Inneres EndeInner end
1212th
Abgeplattete FlächeFlattened surface
1313th
Erster AuflagepunktFirst support point
1414th
Zweiter AuflagepunktSecond support point
2020th
Innerer ArmInner arm
2121
Inneres EndeInner end
2222nd
Abgeplattete FlächeFlattened surface
2323
Erster AuflagepunktFirst support point
2424
Zweiter AuflagepunktSecond support point
3030th
TorsionsabschnittTorsion section
3131
ScheitelpunktVertex
4040
TorsionsabschnittTorsion section
4141
ScheitelpunktVertex
5050
Äußerer ArmOuter arm
5151
UmlenkpunktTurning point
6060
Äußerer ArmOuter arm
6161
UmlenkpunktTurning point
7070
VerbindungsarmLink arm
100100
SpannklemmeTension clamp
110110
Innerer ArmInner arm
111111
AuflagepunktSupport point
120120
Innerer ArmInner arm
121121
AuflagepunktSupport point
130130
TorsionsabschnittTorsion section
131131
AuflagepunktSupport point
140140
TorsionsabschnittTorsion section
141141
AuflagepunktSupport point
150150
VerbindungsarmLink arm

Claims (12)

  1. Tension clamp (1) for the detachable fastening of a rail (2) by means of a clamping screw (5) on a rail substrate, which has a middle section for clamping the tension clamp (1) on a base, which preferably is or comprises an angular guide plate (4), and comprises an outer section, which comprises a rail holding section (70), which, in the mounted state of the tension clamp (1), exerts a holding force on the rail (2), wherein the tension clamp (1) is set up in such a way that, in the mounted state, the clamping screw (5) exerts a clamping force on the middle section at at least one force application point, and
    the middle section comprises two inner arms (10, 20) which extend in parallel and in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force in a straight line,
    characterized in that
    the two inner arms (10, 20) each comprise a force application point and at least one support point (14, 24) which, in the mounted state of the tension clamp (1), is in contact with the base, the position of which differs from that of the force application point in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force and which has no lateral offset relative to the force application point.
  2. Tension clamp (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that this comprises no support point which, in the mounted state, is in contact with the base in the mounted state of the tension clamp (1) and has a lateral offset relative to the force application point.
  3. Tension clamp (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer section comprises at least one torsion section (30, 40) which connects the middle section to the rail holding section (70), extends from the middle section laterally, and comprises no support point with the base.
  4. Tension clamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support point (14, 24) is a second support point and the middle section furthermore comprises at least a first support point (13, 23), which, in the mounted state of the tension clamp (1), is in contact with the base and is in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force at the position of the force application point so that the first support point (13, 23) and the second support point (14, 24) have no offset relative to one another.
  5. Tension clamp (1) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the two inner arms (10, 20) each comprises a first support point (13, 23) and a second support point (14, 24) that have no lateral offset relative to each other.
  6. Tension clamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two inner arms (10, 20) in the area of the respective support point (14, 24) are bent on a plane perpendicular to the direction of extension of the rail (2), preferably being S-shaped.
  7. Tension clamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer section comprises two torsion sections (30, 40) which extend accordingly from an associated inner arm (10, 20) laterally and the inner arms (10, 20) connect to the rail holding section (70), wherein the one inner arm (10) and the associated torsion section (30) are mirror-symmetrical to the other inner arm (20) and associated torsion section (40) relative to a mirror plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the rail (2) .
  8. Tension clamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two inner arms (10, 20) each comprise an inner end (11, 21) on the rail side.
  9. Tension clamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail holding section (70) comprises a connecting arm that connects the two inner arms (10, 20) with one another.
  10. Tension clamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this is at least partially surrounded by an insulating material, preferably plastic, preferably having been overmolded.
  11. Rail fastening system for detachable fastening of a rail (2) on a rail substrate comprising a clamping screw (5) and a tension clamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the middle section of which is screwed and clamped on a base by means of the clamping screw (5) so that the rail holding section (70) exerts a holding force on the rail (2), wherein
    the clamping screw (5) exerts a clamping force on the middle section at at least one force application point, and
    the support point (14, 24) is in contact with the base; the position of the support point (14, 24) differs from that of the force application point in a projection perpendicular to the clamping force, and the support point (14, 24) has no lateral offset relative to the force application point.
  12. Rail fastening system according to Claim 11, characterized in that the base and/or the tension clamp (1) comprise(s) means for lateral movement of the tension clamp (1); preferably, the base comprises a groove section or a groove plate (8) that interacts in a toothed manner with the tension clamp (1).
EP18151073.6A 2017-01-10 2018-01-10 Tension clamp and rail fastening system for fastening railway rails Active EP3346054B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18151073T PL3346054T3 (en) 2017-01-10 2018-01-10 Tension clamp and rail fastening system for fastening railway rails

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017200268 2017-01-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3346054A1 EP3346054A1 (en) 2018-07-11
EP3346054B1 true EP3346054B1 (en) 2021-12-01

Family

ID=60954906

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18151073.6A Active EP3346054B1 (en) 2017-01-10 2018-01-10 Tension clamp and rail fastening system for fastening railway rails

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3346054B1 (en)
DK (1) DK3346054T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2907239T3 (en)
HU (1) HUE057610T2 (en)
LT (1) LT3346054T (en)
PL (1) PL3346054T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3346054T (en)

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DE1020046B (en) 1955-04-05 1957-11-28 Vossloh Werke Gmbh Rail fastening on sleepers, especially concrete sleepers
GB801912A (en) 1955-12-13 1958-09-24 Sonneville Roger P Improvements in and relating to rail fixing and supporting devices ensuring insulation of the rail
DE1053016B (en) 1957-02-16 1959-03-19 Vossloh Werke Gmbh Fastening of railroad tracks held laterally by ribs by means of resilient clamps engaging in the ribs
DE1146086B (en) 1961-06-29 1963-03-28 Kloeckner Werke Ag Clamp fastening for railroad tracks
DE1261151B (en) 1966-10-29 1968-02-15 Meier Hermann Dr Ing Rail fastening with elastic clamp
DE1534074B1 (en) 1965-04-07 1970-12-03 Robert Leyer Pritzkow & Co Rail fastening using spring clips holding down the rail foot
GB1336862A (en) 1970-11-13 1973-11-14 Res Designs Standards Org Device for holding down a railway rail to the sleeper
US4053107A (en) 1975-03-24 1977-10-11 Lodewijk Goderbauer Device for fastening a rail to a sleeper, holder and clip for the application of such a fastening device
GB2077819A (en) 1980-06-18 1981-12-23 Pandrol Ltd Fastening railway rails
DE3136485A1 (en) 1981-09-15 1983-03-31 Portec, Inc., 60521 Oak Brook, Ill. Arrangement for fastening a rail on a sleeper
EP0129278A1 (en) 1983-06-15 1984-12-27 Usines Emile Henricot Anchoring member for a rail fastening and method for its manufacture
EP0295685A1 (en) 1987-06-19 1988-12-21 Vossloh-Werke GmbH Rail-holding device on rigid railroad
EP0373099A1 (en) 1988-12-02 1990-06-13 ETABLISSEMENTS VAPE (Sté anonyme) Rapid rail-fastening device and sleeper provided with such a device
EP0468945A1 (en) 1990-07-19 1992-01-29 Gerhard Seeger Clamping means and sleeper assembly
EP0503734A1 (en) 1991-03-12 1992-09-16 NUOVE OFFICINE MECCANICHE CINEL S.p.A. Spring attachment construction, especially suited for locking railtracking
EP0694649A2 (en) 1994-07-27 1996-01-31 NUOVE OFFICINE MECCANICHE CINEL S.p.A. A resilient connecting device
DE19642971A1 (en) 1996-03-09 1997-09-11 Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp Resilient rail fastening
WO1997036055A1 (en) 1996-03-27 1997-10-02 Pandrol Limited Railway rail fastening assemblies including resilient railway rail fastening clips and associated insulators
WO2000022235A1 (en) 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Igwemezie Jude O Rail retaining device
WO2006061234A1 (en) 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Schwihag Ag Non-positive fit elastic rail connection for track systems
WO2008003340A1 (en) 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 Transroad Group (Uk) Limited Spring clamp for a device used for mounting a rail on a sleeper
DE202007018500U1 (en) 2007-02-19 2008-08-14 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Insulating clip and system for fastening a rail for rail vehicles
WO2011020795A1 (en) 2009-08-21 2011-02-24 Pandrol Limited Insulator for railway fastening clip and railway rail fastening clip for use therewith
CN201972058U (en) 2011-02-17 2011-09-14 济南铁路局淄博工务工厂 Elastic insulating strip
WO2012025201A1 (en) 2010-08-27 2012-03-01 Schwihag Ag Rail fastening system
WO2012059318A1 (en) 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Clamp for attaching a rail and system provided with such a clamp
WO2013160760A1 (en) 2012-04-23 2013-10-31 Amsted Rail Co, Inc Improved rail clip
EP2386687B1 (en) 2010-05-10 2013-11-20 Vossloh-Werke GmbH Guide plate for lateral guidance of a rail and system for attaching a rail to a base
EP2245226B1 (en) 2008-02-22 2015-06-10 Vossloh-Werke GmbH System for fastening a rail on a base
CN105064143A (en) 2015-09-22 2015-11-18 京投银泰股份有限公司 Steel rail damping fastener
CN205603975U (en) 2016-04-26 2016-09-28 济南铁路局淄博工务工厂 Anticorrosive bullet strip
RU2624765C1 (en) 2016-02-02 2017-07-06 Виктор Акимович Воронов Rail fastening
CN107130477A (en) 2017-05-19 2017-09-05 江苏海迅实业集团股份有限公司 A kind of insulating corrosion spring

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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AU2002365463A1 (en) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-10 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Spring element for tensioning rails for railed vehicles
DK2410090T3 (en) 2010-07-19 2015-06-22 Schwihag Ag Rail Fastening System

Patent Citations (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1020046B (en) 1955-04-05 1957-11-28 Vossloh Werke Gmbh Rail fastening on sleepers, especially concrete sleepers
GB801912A (en) 1955-12-13 1958-09-24 Sonneville Roger P Improvements in and relating to rail fixing and supporting devices ensuring insulation of the rail
DE1053016B (en) 1957-02-16 1959-03-19 Vossloh Werke Gmbh Fastening of railroad tracks held laterally by ribs by means of resilient clamps engaging in the ribs
DE1146086B (en) 1961-06-29 1963-03-28 Kloeckner Werke Ag Clamp fastening for railroad tracks
DE1534074B1 (en) 1965-04-07 1970-12-03 Robert Leyer Pritzkow & Co Rail fastening using spring clips holding down the rail foot
DE1261151B (en) 1966-10-29 1968-02-15 Meier Hermann Dr Ing Rail fastening with elastic clamp
GB1336862A (en) 1970-11-13 1973-11-14 Res Designs Standards Org Device for holding down a railway rail to the sleeper
US4053107A (en) 1975-03-24 1977-10-11 Lodewijk Goderbauer Device for fastening a rail to a sleeper, holder and clip for the application of such a fastening device
GB2077819A (en) 1980-06-18 1981-12-23 Pandrol Ltd Fastening railway rails
DE3136485A1 (en) 1981-09-15 1983-03-31 Portec, Inc., 60521 Oak Brook, Ill. Arrangement for fastening a rail on a sleeper
EP0129278A1 (en) 1983-06-15 1984-12-27 Usines Emile Henricot Anchoring member for a rail fastening and method for its manufacture
EP0295685A1 (en) 1987-06-19 1988-12-21 Vossloh-Werke GmbH Rail-holding device on rigid railroad
EP0373099A1 (en) 1988-12-02 1990-06-13 ETABLISSEMENTS VAPE (Sté anonyme) Rapid rail-fastening device and sleeper provided with such a device
EP0468945A1 (en) 1990-07-19 1992-01-29 Gerhard Seeger Clamping means and sleeper assembly
EP0503734A1 (en) 1991-03-12 1992-09-16 NUOVE OFFICINE MECCANICHE CINEL S.p.A. Spring attachment construction, especially suited for locking railtracking
EP0694649A2 (en) 1994-07-27 1996-01-31 NUOVE OFFICINE MECCANICHE CINEL S.p.A. A resilient connecting device
DE19642971A1 (en) 1996-03-09 1997-09-11 Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp Resilient rail fastening
WO1997036055A1 (en) 1996-03-27 1997-10-02 Pandrol Limited Railway rail fastening assemblies including resilient railway rail fastening clips and associated insulators
WO2000022235A1 (en) 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Igwemezie Jude O Rail retaining device
WO2006061234A1 (en) 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Schwihag Ag Non-positive fit elastic rail connection for track systems
WO2008003340A1 (en) 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 Transroad Group (Uk) Limited Spring clamp for a device used for mounting a rail on a sleeper
DE202007018500U1 (en) 2007-02-19 2008-08-14 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Insulating clip and system for fastening a rail for rail vehicles
EP2245226B1 (en) 2008-02-22 2015-06-10 Vossloh-Werke GmbH System for fastening a rail on a base
WO2011020795A1 (en) 2009-08-21 2011-02-24 Pandrol Limited Insulator for railway fastening clip and railway rail fastening clip for use therewith
EP2386687B1 (en) 2010-05-10 2013-11-20 Vossloh-Werke GmbH Guide plate for lateral guidance of a rail and system for attaching a rail to a base
WO2012025201A1 (en) 2010-08-27 2012-03-01 Schwihag Ag Rail fastening system
WO2012059318A1 (en) 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Clamp for attaching a rail and system provided with such a clamp
CN201972058U (en) 2011-02-17 2011-09-14 济南铁路局淄博工务工厂 Elastic insulating strip
WO2013160760A1 (en) 2012-04-23 2013-10-31 Amsted Rail Co, Inc Improved rail clip
CN105064143A (en) 2015-09-22 2015-11-18 京投银泰股份有限公司 Steel rail damping fastener
RU2624765C1 (en) 2016-02-02 2017-07-06 Виктор Акимович Воронов Rail fastening
CN205603975U (en) 2016-04-26 2016-09-28 济南铁路局淄博工务工厂 Anticorrosive bullet strip
CN107130477A (en) 2017-05-19 2017-09-05 江苏海迅实业集团股份有限公司 A kind of insulating corrosion spring

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3346054T3 (en) 2022-03-28
HUE057610T2 (en) 2022-05-28
EP3346054A1 (en) 2018-07-11
DK3346054T3 (en) 2022-01-31
PT3346054T (en) 2022-01-19
LT3346054T (en) 2022-01-25
ES2907239T3 (en) 2022-04-22

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