EP0295685B1 - Rail-holding device on rigid railroad - Google Patents

Rail-holding device on rigid railroad Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0295685B1
EP0295685B1 EP88109656A EP88109656A EP0295685B1 EP 0295685 B1 EP0295685 B1 EP 0295685B1 EP 88109656 A EP88109656 A EP 88109656A EP 88109656 A EP88109656 A EP 88109656A EP 0295685 B1 EP0295685 B1 EP 0295685B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
plate
tie
guide plate
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88109656A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0295685A1 (en
Inventor
Günter Oberweiler
Johann Werner Spiess
Udo Wirthwein
Friedheim Weber
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Vossloh Werke GmbH
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Vossloh Werke GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to AT88109656T priority Critical patent/ATE58926T1/en
Publication of EP0295685A1 publication Critical patent/EP0295685A1/en
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Publication of EP0295685B1 publication Critical patent/EP0295685B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
    • E01B9/303—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
    • E01B9/683—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material layered or composite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for fastening railroad tracks to a solid carriageway comprising supports, i.e. a rail fastening for ballastless superstructure.
  • the superstructure on a solid carriageway is becoming increasingly important with the increase in axle loads and the increase in top speeds. It is essential for the superstructure on a solid roadway that the required track deflection is achieved by intermediate plates or intermediate layers made of elastic material arranged between the carrier and the rails.
  • a rail fastening which comprises plastic guide plates arranged laterally at the foot of the rail for lateral guidance of the rail.
  • a clamp that can be clamped with a screw is provided, which presses the guide plate on the one hand and the rail foot on the other hand to the carrier.
  • this known construction comprises an elastic intermediate plate which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail wider than the foot of the rail, so that it projects on both sides below it.
  • the guide plates each have a receiving space which is open towards the foot of the rail and into which the elastic intermediate plate projects.
  • the elastic intermediate plate protrudes only slightly above the foot of the rail.
  • Another, already realized rail fastening of this type comprises a steel base plate, which is very wide with respect to the rail axis, on which the rail is fastened by two clamps acting on its foot, which are tensioned by hook screws with nuts.
  • the base plate itself, together with the elastic intermediate plate underneath, is held in a correspondingly wide V-shaped trough of the concrete beam by angular guide plates arranged on both sides, each of which has an inclined surface on its end facing away from the rail, which is on the corresponding inclined surface of the wearer.
  • the angle guide plate and the base plate are each clamped with an elastic clamp, which on the one hand acts on the base plate and on the other hand presses down the angle guide plate.
  • the respective clamp of the angle guide plates is pre-tensioned by a screw in such a way that the resulting force from the horizontal force transmitted from the rail to the base plate and from there to the angle guide plate during driving and the screw tightening force is directed against the inside of the carrier via the inclined surfaces of the angle guide plate and carrier is.
  • the rail fastening described is known under the name loarv 180, while the angle guide plates used are the subject of DE-B 1 257 817 (US-A 3 428 253).
  • the clamps used are essentially W-shaped. The basic embodiment of these clamps is the subject of DE-B 1 261 151.
  • the known rail fastening has three tolerance levels, namely the contact surfaces between the carrier and the angle guide plate on the one hand and between the angle guide plate and the rib plate on the other hand and the clamp fastening between the rail and the rib plate. This does not mean that the necessary accuracy of the rail position can be impaired. Furthermore, it was found that the bedding resistance required for the signal-audio frequency circuit is difficult to achieve. Finally, this rail fastening is relatively complex due to the use of four clamps per fastening point.
  • This rail fastening also has three tolerance levels, namely the contact surfaces between the ribbed wedge and the beam on the one hand and between the ribbed wedge and the ribbed plate on the other hand, and between the rail and the ribbed plate. Since the ribbed wedges are only held down on the carrier, but are not fixed in their position, it is not excluded when tightening the screws that the ribbed wedges twist about the horizontal axis, with the result that the inaccuracies on one side of the ribbed plate move Can add rail.
  • the design of the middle loops of the clamps used gives the possibility of a relative movement between the screw head and the clamp in the direction of the rail, the shaft of the screws being able to bend.
  • This rail fastening also for firm carriageway, comprises a base plate resting on the concrete beam, on which the rail is supported with the interposition of an elastic intermediate layer.
  • a guide plate is arranged on both sides of the rail, which engages with a projection in a corresponding recess in the base plate with respect to the horizontal.
  • Rail base and guide plates are pressed onto the base plate by a clamp, which is pre-tensioned by a screw.
  • angle guide plates according to DE-B 1 257 817 have proven themselves over a long period of time in ballast superstructure using concrete sleepers.
  • the advantage of this rail fastening is that between the concrete sleeper and the rail only one component is provided on each side for transferring the horizontal forces, namely the so-called angle guide plate, with the help of which the said horizontal forces are safely derived into the concrete of the sleeper.
  • the guide plate has a support element in the region of the rail foot-side opening of the receiving space which rests on the carrier and via which the force of the clamp is at least substantially removed from the guide plate on the carrier.
  • the rail fastening according to the invention allows a sufficiently large dimensioning of the elastic intermediate plate, so that a high moment of resistance against horizontal forces is achieved.
  • the possibility of the sufficiently large dimensioning of the elastic intermediate plate is made possible according to the invention in that appropriately modified guide plates are used which have an open receiving space into which the elastic intermediate plate can protrude.
  • this configuration of the guide plates essentially exerts the forces exerted by the clamp on the guide plate from the latter directly onto the carrier, so that the elastic intermediate plate does not experience any uneven prestressing due to these forces, which in the known arrangements lead to a differently large deflection the elastic intermediate plate and thus led to rail inclination errors. Rather, an exact rail inclination is ensured in the concept according to the invention.
  • the rail fastening according to the invention can be produced inexpensively because it needs only a few components, in particular measured on the rail fastening loarv 180.
  • the absorption of the horizontal forces is avoided while avoiding rail inclination errors in that a rigid pressure distribution plate is arranged between the foot of the rail and the elastic intermediate plate.
  • a rigid pressure distribution plate is arranged between the foot of the rail and the elastic intermediate plate.
  • the pressure distribution plate is flat and therefore simple and can be produced inexpensively in rolled steel, while in the known rail fastenings relatively expensive rib plates, which are preferably produced in the forging process, are used.
  • Another proposal of the invention is that the length and / or the width of the pressure distribution plate are larger than the corresponding dimensions of the elastic intermediate plate. This avoids that when the elastic intermediate plate is deformed, it protrudes beyond the pressure distribution plate and is therefore subject to increased wear.
  • This intermediate layer can e.g. be electrically insulating.
  • a further proposal for the configuration of the guide plates used according to the invention is that a contact surface for the shaft of the screw is provided in these at least on the rail side. This effectively counteracts bending of the shaft of the terminal screws.
  • This contact surface can be made without increasing the cost of the guide plates due to the corresponding design of the injection molding tool for the production of the guide plates from plastic will. This is achieved in a particularly simple manner when the contact surface for the shaft of the screw is formed on the support element.
  • the receiving space provided in the guide plate is formed by a U-profile that is open towards the support and that the clear height of this receiving space is greater than the total thickness of the elastic intermediate plate and rigid pressure distribution plate.
  • the elastic intermediate plate has sufficient freedom of movement in the vertical direction with respect to the guide plates.
  • the pressure distribution plate or the intermediate plate has an elongated hole running perpendicular to the rail axis for the passage of the screw. This measure makes it easy to maintain the appropriate dimensions and also enables the rail fastening to be installed without problems.
  • the guide plate has an inclined surface at its end facing away from the rail, which comes to rest on a corresponding inclined surface of the carrier.
  • the proven concept according to DE patent 1 257 817 for the superstructure on a solid carriageway is thus also taken up for ballast-free rail fastening.
  • this clamp has essentially a W-shape, the middle loop partially encompasses the shaft of the screw and comes to rest on the guide plate in the region of its support element. According to its basic concept, this clamp is the subject of DE patent 1 261 151.
  • 1 and 2 show a symmetrically designed device for fastening a rail 1 of a pair of rails forming a railroad track. Through this, the rail 1 is clamped with its foot 2 on both sides on a threshold 3 forming the support. 1 shows the rail fastening in the left half in the final assembled, i.e. tensioned state in vertical section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail, in the right half in the pre-assembled, i.e. not yet tensioned state in the view.
  • the threshold 3 which is preferably made of concrete, has an elongated depression 4, which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the threshold, in the area in which a rail 1 is received. It comprises a flat receiving surface 5 and at its ends two bead-shaped recesses 6, 7 which merge into inclined surfaces 8, 9.
  • the threshold 3 receives in its end regions of its recess 4 lying transversely to the rail 1 a so-called angle guide plate 10, 11, each of which has a cross-sectional profile 12, 13 on its end parts facing away from the rail 1, which has the bead-shaped recesses 6, 7 and the inclined surfaces 8, 9 in the threshold 3 is adapted. They are therefore in part on the surfaces of the recesses 6, 7 and the inclined surfaces 8, 9 and thus bind into the threshold 3.
  • the angle guide plates 10, 11 each have a U-profile 14, 15 towards the rail 1, seen in vertical section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail, which is open towards the threshold 3 and whose legs rest on the receiving surface 5 within the recess 4 of the threshold 3 . This forms 3 pocket-like receiving spaces 16, 17 between the inner surface of the U-profiles 14, 15 and the receiving surface 5 of the threshold.
  • the angle guide plates 10, 11 comprise end faces 18, 19 oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail, which form guides for the rail foot 2 with respect to horizontal forces.
  • angle guide plates 10, 11 each have on their upper surface a rib 20 or 21 running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail and two correspondingly oriented beads 22, 23 or 24, 25.
  • the angle guide plates 10, 11 are provided in the area of the receiving spaces 16, 17 with bores 26, 27, through which sleeper screws 28 extend. These each have a square head 29, a plate 30, a shaft 31 and a threaded part 32 which is screwed into a dowel 33 inserted into the sleeper 3 below the respective angle guide plate.
  • the angle guide plates 10, 11 also each include a support element 48, 49, which is arranged in the region of the opening on the rail foot side of the receiving space 16, 17 and via which the angle guide plate 10, 11 is additionally supported on the receiving surface 5 of the threshold 3.
  • the rail 1 is inserted with its foot 2 between the end faces 18, 19 of the angle guide plates 10, 11.
  • the rail foot 2 rests on a plate and layer package, which consists of an elastic intermediate plate 34 resting on the concrete of the sleeper receiving surface 5, a rigid pressure distribution plate 35 and egg ner non-elastic, but insulating plastic intermediate layer 36.
  • the intermediate plate 34 and the pressure distribution plate 35 of this package extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis on both sides beyond the width of the rail foot 2 and engage with their end parts in the receiving spaces 16, 17 of the angle guide plates 10, 11, on the longitudinal walls of which they bear in a form-fitting manner.
  • the clear height of the receiving spaces 16, 17 is dimensioned greater than the total thickness of the intermediate plate 34 and pressure distribution plate 35.
  • the intermediate plate 34 and the pressure distribution plate 35 each have an elongated hole 37 oriented in the longitudinal axis of the threshold.
  • a tensioning clamp 38 each.
  • This is made of steel bar with a round cross-section in a W-shape and comprises a center loop 39 wrapping around the shaft 31 of the sleeper screw 28 and freely running legs 40, 41 which are convexly curved upwards are and the ends of which are bent towards one another so that they point coaxially to one another.
  • Flats 42, 43 are provided on the center loop 39, which cooperate in the tensioned state with the underside of the plate 30 of the sleeper screws 28.
  • the tensioning clamp 38 assumes the position that is given during the final assembly of the rail 1 on the threshold 3.
  • the clamp presses with its legs 40, 41 onto the foot 2 of the rail 1, while it presses down the angle guide plate 10, 11 with its bends 44 lying between these legs 40, 41 and the center loop 39.
  • its bends 44 lie in the beads 23, 24 of the angle guide plate 10.
  • the angle guide plate 10, 11 has one in the area of this center loop 39 the congruent bead 45 in the area of the rib 20, 21.
  • the mentioned support element 48, 49 is arranged below the area in which the center loop 39 of the tensioning clamp 38 presses on the angle guide plate 10 or 11, the mentioned support element 48, 49 is arranged. In this way, the force acting on the angle guide plate 10, 11 of the tensioning clamp 38 is essentially transferred to the threshold without the elastic intermediate plate 34 experiencing an uneven deflection which can lead to the rail inclination error already mentioned.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 shows the tension clamp in position 38 ', ie the pre-assembly position. There it is rotated by 180 ° with respect to the mounting position, so that it rests on the one hand on the angle guide plate 10, 11 and on the other hand on an area of the threshold 3 facing away from the rail.
  • its bends 44 lie between the rib 21 and opposing lugs 46.
  • the sleepers For laying a pair of rails, the sleepers, which are equipped in the same way in the manner of the sleeper 3 shown in the figures, are supplied by the sleeper unit in such a way that all tensioning clamps 38 on the right-hand side show the position 38 'shown in the right half of FIGS. 1 and 2 and one on the left-hand side take a mirror-image position.
  • the threshold screws 28 are only tightened so far that their plates 30 come to rest against the center loop 39 of the tension clamps 38 and thus the angle guide plates 10, 11 and the intermediate plates 34 and the pressure distribution plates 35 and the clamps 38 on the respective threshold 3 during their Transport and their laying on the track surface are captively secured.
  • the tension clamps 38 are rotated by 180 ° around the shaft 31 of the respective sleeper screw 28 , for example, until the tensioning clamp 38 shown in the right half in the preassembled state in FIGS. 1 and 2 is transferred from its position 38 'into a position which is a mirror image of the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the left half in the finally assembled state Clamp 38 is.
  • the sleeper screws 28 are then tightened until the center loops 39 of the tension clamps 38, which are gripped by the plates 30 on the flats 42, 43, are pressed with their apex onto the ribs 20 and 21 of the angle guide plates 10 and 11, respectively.
  • the angle guide plates 10, 11 are held down and fixed on the sleeper 3 and the foot 2 of the rail 1 is clamped onto the sleeper 3 via the plate assembly 34, 35, 36.
  • the elastic intermediate plate in the longitudinal axis of the threshold is extended far beyond the width of the rail base, as a result of which it causes a large section modulus in relation to the horizontal forces exerted on the rail, which would otherwise allow the rail to tilt inadmissibly.
  • the pressure distribution plate 35 also makes a particular contribution to this. This is in contrast to the ribbed plates, they are flat and can therefore be easily manufactured in rolled steel.
  • the horizontal forces which are exerted on the rail 1 transversely to its longitudinal axis are transmitted from the angle guide plates 10, 11 to the inclined surfaces 8, 9 of the sleeper 3 and are diverted into the concrete of the sleeper.
  • the engagement of the angle guide plates 10, 11 in the beads 6, 7 of the sleeper 3 also causes them to be secured against rotation when tensioned on the sleeper 3.
  • Between the foot 2 of the rail 1 and the inclined surfaces 8, 9 of the sleeper 3, which absorb the horizontal forces with the angle guide plate 10, 11 only one component is required per rail side, which makes the construction simple and inexpensive and reduces the tolerances.
  • the shaft 31 of the sleeper screws 28 is guided exactly when they are turned through the bores 26 and 27 of the angle guide plates 10, 11, thereby preventing the sleeper screws from bending when the rail 1 is tensioned on the sleeper 3. This is particularly due to the fact that the surface of the support element 48, 49 of the angle guide plate 10, 11 facing away from the rail forms a contact surface 47 for the shaft 31 of the sleeper screw 28.
  • the rail fastening according to the invention can furthermore only be used in connection with sleepers which form the supports, but can also be used on appropriately designed support plates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

The device for fastening a rail to a tie (3) comprises an elastic intermediate plate (34) and above that a rigid pressure-distribution plate (35) which is mounted between the foot (2) of the rail (1) and the tie (3), guide plates (10, 11) fastened on the tie (3) for the lateral guiding of the rail foot (2), and clips (38) which act on the rail foot (2) and clamp the rail (1) onto the tie (3). The elastic intermediate plate (34) which protrudes on either side under the foot (2) of the rail (1) extends in each case into a receiving chamber (16, 17) formed by the guide plates (10, 11). As a result, the elastic intermediate plate (34) can produce a sufficient resistance moment against horizontal forces, so that a tilting of the rail is prevented. At the same time, the substantial forces of the clips (38) can be transferred directly over the guide plates (10, 11) to the tie (3), so that there is no possibility of a non-uniform deflection of the elastic intermediate plate (34) during assembling and thus of faults occurring in the inclination of the rails. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Befestigung von Eisenbahn-Schienen auf einer Träger umfassenden festen Fahrbahn, d.h. eine Schienenbefestigung für schotterlosen Oberbau.The invention relates to a device for fastening railroad tracks to a solid carriageway comprising supports, i.e. a rail fastening for ballastless superstructure.

Der Oberbau auf fester Fahrbahn gewinnt mit der Erhöhung der Achslasten und der Anhebung der Höchstgeschwindigkeiten zunehmende Bedeutung. Wesentlich für den Oberbau auf fester Fahrbahn ist es, daß die erforderliche Gleiseinfederung durch zwischen Träger und Schienen angeordnete Zwischenplatten bzw. Zwischenlagen aus elastischem Material erzielt wird. Von den hierzu existierenden Vorschlägen wurden einige bereits zumindest für Versuchszwecke realisiert.The superstructure on a solid carriageway is becoming increasingly important with the increase in axle loads and the increase in top speeds. It is essential for the superstructure on a solid roadway that the required track deflection is achieved by intermediate plates or intermediate layers made of elastic material arranged between the carrier and the rails. Some of the existing proposals have already been implemented, at least for experimental purposes.

Aus FR-A 2 481 334 ist eine Schienenbefestigung bekannt, die seitlich am Fuß der Schiene angeordnete Führungsplatten aus Kunststoff zur seitlichen Führung der Schiene umfaßt. Zu jeder Führungsplatte ist eine mit einer Schraube spannbare Klemme vorgesehen, die einerseits die Führungsplatte und andererseits den Fuß der Schiene auf den Träger preßt. Des weiteren umfaßt diese bekannte Konstruktion eine elastische Zwischenplatte, die senkrecht zur Schienenlängsachse breiter ist als der Fuß der Schiene, so daß sie unter diesem beidseitig vorsteht. Ferner weisen die Führungsplatten jeweils einen zum Fuß der Schiene hin offenen Aufnahmeraum auf, in den die elastische Zwischenplatte hineinragt. Die elastische Zwischenplatte steht hier jedoch nur relativ geringfügig über den Fuß der Schiene vor. Grund dafür ist die Gestaltung des Aufnahmeraums, da die Führungsplatte einen frei überragenden Flansch aufweist. Dieser Flansch ist einer besonderen Bruchgefahr ausgesetzt, die durch die Anpreßkraft der Klemme, deren schienenfußseitiges Ende nicht nur auf den Schienenfuß drückt sondern auch auf den überragenden Flansch, hervorgerufen wird.From FR-A 2 481 334 a rail fastening is known which comprises plastic guide plates arranged laterally at the foot of the rail for lateral guidance of the rail. For each guide plate, a clamp that can be clamped with a screw is provided, which presses the guide plate on the one hand and the rail foot on the other hand to the carrier. Furthermore, this known construction comprises an elastic intermediate plate which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail wider than the foot of the rail, so that it projects on both sides below it. Furthermore, the guide plates each have a receiving space which is open towards the foot of the rail and into which the elastic intermediate plate projects. However, the elastic intermediate plate protrudes only slightly above the foot of the rail. The reason for this is the design of the receiving space, since the guide plate has a freely projecting flange. This flange is exposed to a special risk of breakage, which is caused by the contact pressure of the clamp, whose end on the rail foot not only presses on the rail foot but also on the projecting flange.

Eine weitere, schon verwirklichte Schienenbefestigung dieser Art umfaßt eine in bezug auf die Schienenachse sehr breite Unterlagsplatte aus Stahl, auf der die Schiene durch zwei auf ihren Fuß wirkende Klemmen befestigt ist, die durch Hakenschrauben mit Muttern gespannt sind. Die Unterlagsplatte selbst ist, zusammen mit der darunter befindlichen elastischen Zwischenplatte, in einer entsprechend breiten V-förmigen Mulde des Beton-Trägers durch beidseitig angeordnete Winkelführungsplatten gehalten, von denen jede an ihrem von der Schiene abgewandten Ende eine Schrägfläche besitzt, die an der korrespondierenden Schrägfläche des Trägers anliegt. Winkelführungsplatte und Unterlagsplatte werden mit je einer elastischen Klemme verspannt, die einerseits auf die Unterlagsplatte wirkt und andererseits die Winkelführungsplatte niederdrückt. Die jeweilige Klemme der Winkelführungsplatten wird durch eine Schraube derart vorgespannt, daß die resultierende Kraft aus der beim Fahrbetrieb von der Schiene auf die Unterlagsplatte und von dort auf die Winkelführungsplatte übertragene Horizontalkraft und die Schraubenanzugskraft über die Schrägflächen von Winkelführungsplatte und Träger gegen das Innere des Trägers gerichtet ist. Die geschilderte Schienenbefestigung ist unter der Bezeichnung loarv 180 bekannt, während die dabei eingesetzten Winkelführungsplatten Gegenstand der DE-B 1 257 817 (US-A 3 428 253) sind. Die verwendeten Klemmen weisen im wesentlichen eine W-Form auf. Die grundlegende Ausführungsform dieser Klemmen ist Gegenstand des DE-B 1 261 151.Another, already realized rail fastening of this type comprises a steel base plate, which is very wide with respect to the rail axis, on which the rail is fastened by two clamps acting on its foot, which are tensioned by hook screws with nuts. The base plate itself, together with the elastic intermediate plate underneath, is held in a correspondingly wide V-shaped trough of the concrete beam by angular guide plates arranged on both sides, each of which has an inclined surface on its end facing away from the rail, which is on the corresponding inclined surface of the wearer. The angle guide plate and the base plate are each clamped with an elastic clamp, which on the one hand acts on the base plate and on the other hand presses down the angle guide plate. The respective clamp of the angle guide plates is pre-tensioned by a screw in such a way that the resulting force from the horizontal force transmitted from the rail to the base plate and from there to the angle guide plate during driving and the screw tightening force is directed against the inside of the carrier via the inclined surfaces of the angle guide plate and carrier is. The rail fastening described is known under the name loarv 180, while the angle guide plates used are the subject of DE-B 1 257 817 (US-A 3 428 253). The clamps used are essentially W-shaped. The basic embodiment of these clamps is the subject of DE-B 1 261 151.

Systembedingt weist die bekannte Schienenbefestigung drei Toleranzgrade auf, nämlich die Anlagenflächen zwischen Träger und Winkelführungsplatte einerseits und zwischen Winkelführungsplatte und Rippenplatte andererseits sowie die Klemmenbefestigung zwischen Schiene und Rippenplatte. Dadurch ist es nicht ausgeschlossen, daß die nötige Exaktheit der Schienenlage beeinträchtigt werden kann. Des weiteren wurde festgestellt, daß der für den Signal-Tonfrequenzkreis erforderliche Bettungswiderstand nur schwer erreicht werden kann. Schließlich ist diese Schienenbefestigung aufgrund des Einsatzes von vier Klemmen je Befestigungspunkt relativ aufwendig.Due to the system, the known rail fastening has three tolerance levels, namely the contact surfaces between the carrier and the angle guide plate on the one hand and between the angle guide plate and the rib plate on the other hand and the clamp fastening between the rail and the rib plate. This does not mean that the necessary accuracy of the rail position can be impaired. Furthermore, it was found that the bedding resistance required for the signal-audio frequency circuit is difficult to achieve. Finally, this rail fastening is relatively complex due to the use of four clamps per fastening point.

Bei einer weiteren, ebenfalls schon im Versuch erprobten Schienenbefestigung für eine feste Fahrbahn liegt in einer V-förmigen Vertiefung des Trägers eine Rippenplatte, die beidseitig durch Rippenspurkeile gehalten ist, die sich jeweils mit einer Schrägfläche an einer korrespondierenden Schrägfläche des Trägers abstützen. Die Schiene einschließlich Rippenplatte und die Rippenspurkeile werden durch zwei beidseits der Schienen angeordnete Klemmen niedergedrückt, die jeweils zwischen der Rippenplatte und dem Rippenspurkeil mittels zugehöriger Schrauben verspannt sind. Diese Schienenbefestigung trägt die Bezeichnung loarv 207. Die Klemmen entsprechen im wesentlichen denen, die bei der Schienenbefestigung loarv 180 eingesetzt sind.In a further rail fastening for a solid carriageway, which has also been tried and tested, there is a ribbed plate in a V-shaped recess in the beam, which is held on both sides by ribbed wedges, each of which is supported with a sloping surface on a corresponding sloping surface of the beam. The rail including the rib plate and the rib track wedges are pressed down by two clamps arranged on both sides of the rails, which are each clamped between the rib plate and the rib track wedge by means of associated screws. This rail fastening is called loarv 207. The clamps essentially correspond to those used for the loarv 180 rail fastening.

Diese Schienenbefestigung weist ebenfalls drei Toleranzgrade auf, nämlich die Anlageflächen zwischen Rippenspurkeil und Träger einerseits und zwischen Rippenspurkeil und Rippenplatte andererseits, sowie zwischen Schiene und Rippenplatte. Da die Rippenspurkeile auf dem Träger nur niedergehalten, jedoch in ihrer Lage nicht fixiert sind, ist es beim Anziehen der Schrauben nicht ausgeschlossen, daß sich die Rippenspurkeile um die Horizontalachse verdrehen mit der Folge, daß sich unter Verschiebung der Rippenplatte die Ungenauigkeiten auf einer Seite der Schiene addieren können.This rail fastening also has three tolerance levels, namely the contact surfaces between the ribbed wedge and the beam on the one hand and between the ribbed wedge and the ribbed plate on the other hand, and between the rail and the ribbed plate. Since the ribbed wedges are only held down on the carrier, but are not fixed in their position, it is not excluded when tightening the screws that the ribbed wedges twist about the horizontal axis, with the result that the inaccuracies on one side of the ribbed plate move Can add rail.

Nachdem des weiteren die Anzugskraft der Klemmenschrauben über die Rippenplatte auf die elastische Zwischenlage wirkt, kann bei unterschiedlich festem Anziehen der Klemmenschrauben die Einfederung der elastischen Zwischenlage quer zur Schienenlängsachse unterschiedlich sein mit der Folge einer unterschiedlichen Neigung der beiden Schienen. Schließlich ist bei Anziehen der Klemmen- schrauben aufgrund der Ausgestaltung der Mittelschlaufen der eingesetzten Klemmen die Möglichkeit einer Relativbewegung zwischen dem Schraubenkopf und der Klemme in Richtung der Schiene gegeben, wobei sich der Schaft der Schrauben verbiegen kann.After the tightening force of the clamp screws acts on the elastic intermediate layer via the ribbed plate, the deflection of the elastic intermediate layer transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rail can be different if the clamp screws are tightened differently, with the result that the two rails have a different inclination. Finally, when the clamp screws are tightened, the design of the middle loops of the clamps used gives the possibility of a relative movement between the screw head and the clamp in the direction of the rail, the shaft of the screws being able to bend.

Aus der Literatur ist schließlich eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 vorausgesetzten Art bekannt (DE-B 1 261 151, Fig. 7). Diese Schienenbefestigung, ebenfalls für feste Fahrbahn, umfaßt eine auf dem Betonträger aufliegende Grundplatte, auf der sich die Schiene unter Zwischenschaltung einer elastischen Zwischenlage abstützt. Zu beiden Seiten der Schiene ist jeweils eine Führungsplatte angeordnet, die mit einem Vorsprung in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung der Grundplatte in bezug auf die Horizontale formschlüssig eingreift. Schienenfuß und Führungsplatten werden auf die Grundplatte durch jeweils eine Klemme gepreßt, die durch eine Schraube vorgespannt wird. Auch bei dieser Schienenbefestigung besteht die Gefahr des Kippens der Schiene unter horizontaler Last aufgrund des mangelnden Widerstandsmoments der elastischen Zwischenlage, deren Breite in etwa der Breite des Schienenfußes entspricht. Ferner ist hier ebenfalls nicht die Möglichkeit ausgeschlossen, daß bei unterschiedlich stark angezogenen Klemmenschrauben die elastische Zwischenlage ungleichmäßig eingefedert wird, so daß Schienenneigungsfehler entstehen können.Finally, a device is from the literature the type required in the preamble of claim 1 is known (DE-B 1 261 151, Fig. 7). This rail fastening, also for firm carriageway, comprises a base plate resting on the concrete beam, on which the rail is supported with the interposition of an elastic intermediate layer. A guide plate is arranged on both sides of the rail, which engages with a projection in a corresponding recess in the base plate with respect to the horizontal. Rail base and guide plates are pressed onto the base plate by a clamp, which is pre-tensioned by a screw. With this rail fastening there is also the danger of the rail tipping over under horizontal load due to the lack of resistance moment of the elastic intermediate layer, the width of which corresponds approximately to the width of the rail foot. Furthermore, the possibility is also not excluded here that the elastic intermediate layer is deflected unevenly when the terminal screws are tightened to different degrees, so that rail inclination errors can occur.

Die bereits erwähnten Winkelführungsplatten nach dem DE-B 1 257 817 haben sich beim SchotterOberbau unter Verwendung von Betonschwellen in langem Einsatz bewährt. Der Vorteil dieser Schienenbefestigung besteht darin, daß zwischen Betonschwelle und Schiene je Seite nur ein Bauteil zum Abtragen der Horizontalkräfte vorgesehen ist, nämlich die sogenannte Winkelführungsplatte, mit deren Hilfe die besagten Horizontalkräfte sicher in den Beton der Schwelle abgeleitet werden.The already mentioned angle guide plates according to DE-B 1 257 817 have proven themselves over a long period of time in ballast superstructure using concrete sleepers. The advantage of this rail fastening is that between the concrete sleeper and the rail only one component is provided on each side for transferring the horizontal forces, namely the so-called angle guide plate, with the help of which the said horizontal forces are safely derived into the concrete of the sleeper.

Gegenüber diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, die bei Schotteroberbau sehr bewährte Konzeption mit Führungsplatten aufzugreifen und für Schienenbefestigungen auf fester Fahrbahn derart auszulegen, daß auch bei großen Achslasten und hohen Fahrgeschwindigkeiten eine exakte Schienenlage erzielt ist.Compared to this state of the art, it is an object of the invention to take up the concept, which has been tried and tested in ballast superstructure, with guide plates and to design it for rail fastenings on a solid carriageway in such a way that an exact rail position is achieved even with large axle loads and high driving speeds.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Befestigungsvorrichtung der vorausgesetzten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Führungsplatte im Bereich der schienenfußseitigen Öffnung des Aufnahmeraums ein Abstützelement aufweist, das auf dem Träger aufliegt und über das die Kraft der Klemme zumindest im wesentlichen von der Führungsplatte auf den Träger abgetragen wird.This object is achieved in a fastening device of the type described above in that the guide plate has a support element in the region of the rail foot-side opening of the receiving space which rests on the carrier and via which the force of the clamp is at least substantially removed from the guide plate on the carrier.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigung erlaubt eine ausreichend große Dimensionierung der elastischen Zwischenplatte, so daß ein hohes Widerstandsmoment gegen Horizontalkräfte erreicht wird. Die Möglichkeit der ausreichend großen Dimensionierung der elastischen Zwischenplatte wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch ermöglicht, daß entsprechend modifizierte Führungsplatten eingesetzt werden, die einen offenen Aufnahmeraum aufweisen, in die die elastische Zwischenplatte hineinragen kann.The rail fastening according to the invention allows a sufficiently large dimensioning of the elastic intermediate plate, so that a high moment of resistance against horizontal forces is achieved. The possibility of the sufficiently large dimensioning of the elastic intermediate plate is made possible according to the invention in that appropriately modified guide plates are used which have an open receiving space into which the elastic intermediate plate can protrude.

Zugleich werden durch diese Ausbildung der Führungsplatten im wesentlichen Umfang die von der Klemme auf die Führungsplatte ausgeübten Kräfte von dieser unmittelbar auf den Träger abgeleitet, so daß die elastische Zwischenplatte keine ungleichmäßige Vorspannung durch diese Kräfte erfährt, die bei den bekannten Anordnungen zu einer unterschiedlich großen Einfederung der elastischen Zwischenplatte und damit zu Schienenneigungsfehlern führten. Vielmehr ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Konzept eine exakte Schienenneigung gewährleistet.At the same time, this configuration of the guide plates essentially exerts the forces exerted by the clamp on the guide plate from the latter directly onto the carrier, so that the elastic intermediate plate does not experience any uneven prestressing due to these forces, which in the known arrangements lead to a differently large deflection the elastic intermediate plate and thus led to rail inclination errors. Rather, an exact rail inclination is ensured in the concept according to the invention.

Die erforderliche exakte Fixierung der Schiene zwischen den Führungsplatten wird dadurch gewährleistet, daß letztere in bezug auf die Horizontalkräfte formschlüssig in den Träger einbinden, so daß durch Andrehen der Klemmenschrauben die Führungsplatten in ihrer Lage eindeutig fixiert werden.The required exact fixing of the rail between the guide plates is ensured by the fact that the latter form-fit in the carrier with respect to the horizontal forces, so that the guide plates are clearly fixed in their position by tightening the terminal screws.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigung läßt sich preisgünstig erstellen, weil sie mit wenig Bauteilen auskommt, insbesondere gemessen an der Schienenbefestigung loarv 180.The rail fastening according to the invention can be produced inexpensively because it needs only a few components, in particular measured on the rail fastening loarv 180.

Sie ermöglicht des weiteren eine einfache Regulierbarkeit der Schiene in Höhe und Richtung. Dabei ist ein seitliches Einstellen der Schienen durch entsprechend breit dimensionierte Führungsplatten möglich, während die Höhenregulierung durch entsprechend dicke Zwischenlagen zwischen Schiene und Träger erzielt wird.It also enables easy adjustment of the rail in height and direction. Lateral adjustment of the rails is possible by means of guide plates of correspondingly wide dimensions, while height regulation is achieved by means of correspondingly thick intermediate layers between the rail and carrier.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigung wird die Aufnahme der Horizontalkräfte unter Vermeidung von Schienenneigungsfehlern noch dadurch optimiert, daß zwischen dem Fuß der Schiene und der elastischen Zwischenplatte eine steife Druckverteilungsplatte angeordnet ist. Dadurch wird das Widerstandsmoment in bezug auf Horizontalkräfte noch weiter erhöht und es werden die Kräfte besonders gleichmäßig auf die elastische Zwischenplatte übertragen mit der Folge, daß diese auch gleichmäßig über ihre gesamte Hauptfläche einfedert. Die Druckverteilungsplatte ist plan und deshalb einfach ausgebildet und kann preisgünstig in Walzstahl erzeugt werden, während bei den bekannten Schienenbefestigungen relativ teure Rippenplatten, die bevorzugt im Schmiedeverfahren hergestellt werden, eingesetzt werden.In the rail fastening according to the invention, the absorption of the horizontal forces is avoided while avoiding rail inclination errors in that a rigid pressure distribution plate is arranged between the foot of the rail and the elastic intermediate plate. As a result, the section modulus with respect to horizontal forces is increased still further and the forces are transmitted particularly uniformly to the elastic intermediate plate, with the result that it also deflects evenly over its entire main surface. The pressure distribution plate is flat and therefore simple and can be produced inexpensively in rolled steel, while in the known rail fastenings relatively expensive rib plates, which are preferably produced in the forging process, are used.

Ein weiterer Vorschlag der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Länge und/oder die Breite der Druckverteilungsplatte größer sind bzw. ist als die entsprechenden Abmessungen der elastischen Zwischenplatte. Dadurch wird vermieden, daß bei Verformung der elastischen Zwischenplatte diese über die Druckverteilungsplatte hinaussteht und dadurch einem erhöhten Verschleiß unterliegt.Another proposal of the invention is that the length and / or the width of the pressure distribution plate are larger than the corresponding dimensions of the elastic intermediate plate. This avoids that when the elastic intermediate plate is deformed, it protrudes beyond the pressure distribution plate and is therefore subject to increased wear.

Ferner empfiehlt sich, wenn zwischen dem Fuß der Schiene und der Druckverteilungsplatte eine weitere Zwischenschicht angeordnet ist, deren Breite im wesentlichen der Breite des Fußes der Schiene ist. Diese Zwischenschicht kann z.B. elektrisch isolierend ausgebildet sein.It is also advisable if a further intermediate layer is arranged between the foot of the rail and the pressure distribution plate, the width of which is essentially the width of the foot of the rail. This intermediate layer can e.g. be electrically insulating.

Ein weiterer Vorschlag zur Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Führungsplatten besteht darin, daß in diesen zumindest schienenseitig eine Anlagefläche für den Schaft der Schraube vorgesehen ist. Dadurch wird wirksam einem Verbiegen des Schafts der Klemmen-Schrauben begegnet. Diese Anlagefläche kann ohne Verteuerung der Führungsplatten aufgrund entsprechender Gestaltung des Spritzguß-Werkzeugs für die Herstellung der Führungsplatten aus Kunststoff erzeugt werden. Dies wird in besonders einfacher Weise dann erreicht, wenn die Anlagefläche für den Schaft der Schraube an dem Abstützelement ausgebildet ist.A further proposal for the configuration of the guide plates used according to the invention is that a contact surface for the shaft of the screw is provided in these at least on the rail side. This effectively counteracts bending of the shaft of the terminal screws. This contact surface can be made without increasing the cost of the guide plates due to the corresponding design of the injection molding tool for the production of the guide plates from plastic will. This is achieved in a particularly simple manner when the contact surface for the shaft of the screw is formed on the support element.

Eine weitere zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigung ist darin zu sehen, daß der in der Führungsplatte vorgesehene Aufnahmeraum durch ein zum Träger hin offenes U-Profil gebildet ist und die lichte Höhe dieses Aufnahmeraums größer ist als die Gesamtdicke von elastischer Zwischenplatte und starrer Druckverteilungsplatte. Auf diese Weise hat die elastische Zwischenplatte einen ausreichenden Bewegungsspielraum in vertikaler Richtung in bezug auf die Führungsplatten.Another expedient embodiment of the rail fastening according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the receiving space provided in the guide plate is formed by a U-profile that is open towards the support and that the clear height of this receiving space is greater than the total thickness of the elastic intermediate plate and rigid pressure distribution plate. In this way, the elastic intermediate plate has sufficient freedom of movement in the vertical direction with respect to the guide plates.

Es ist des weiteren zweckmäßig, wenn die Druckverteilungsplatte bzw. die Zwischenplatte ein senkrecht zur Schienenachse verlaufendes Langloch für den Durchtritt der Schraube besitzt. Durch diese Maßnahme ist es einfach, die entsprechenden Abmessungen einzuhalten, und sie ermöglicht des weiteren eine problemlose Montage der Schienenbefestigung.It is furthermore expedient if the pressure distribution plate or the intermediate plate has an elongated hole running perpendicular to the rail axis for the passage of the screw. This measure makes it easy to maintain the appropriate dimensions and also enables the rail fastening to be installed without problems.

Ferner ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Führungsplatte an ihrem von der Schiene abgewandten Ende eine Schrägfläche aufweist, die an einer entsprechenden Schrägfläche des Trägers zur Anlage gelangt. Damit wird auch für die schotterlose Schienenbefestigung das bewährte Konzept nach dem DE-Patent 1 257 817 für den Oberbau auf fester Fahrbahn aufgegriffen.It is also advantageous if the guide plate has an inclined surface at its end facing away from the rail, which comes to rest on a corresponding inclined surface of the carrier. The proven concept according to DE patent 1 257 817 for the superstructure on a solid carriageway is thus also taken up for ballast-free rail fastening.

Eine besonders exakte Fixierung der Führungsplatten in bezug auf den Träger und damit eine spurgetreue Halterung der Schienen ergibt sich dann, wenn die Führungsplatte einen parallel zur Schienenachse verlaufenden Vorsprung besitzt, der in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung in den Träger eingreift.A particularly exact fixation of the guide plates with respect to the carrier and thus a true-to-track mounting of the rails is obtained if the guide plate has a projection that runs parallel to the rail axis and engages in a corresponding recess in the carrier.

Schließlich empfiehlt sich der Einsatz an sich bekannter Klemmen; dabei besitzt diese Klemme im wesentlichen eine W-Form, deren Mittelschleife teilweise den Schaft der Schraube umfaßt und auf der Führungsplatte im Bereich von deren Abstützelement zur Auflage gelangt. Diese Klemme ist nach ihrem Grundkonzept Gegenstand des DE-Patents 1 261 151.Finally, the use of known terminals is recommended; this clamp has essentially a W-shape, the middle loop partially encompasses the shaft of the screw and comes to rest on the guide plate in the region of its support element. According to its basic concept, this clamp is the subject of DE patent 1 261 151.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigung, bei welchem die linke Seite der Schienenbefestigung im endmontierten Zustand im Schnitt und die rechte Seite der Schienenbefestigung im vormontierten Zustand in Ansicht gezeichnet sind,
  • Fig. 2 die Anordnung der Fig. 1 in Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch die Anordnung nach Fig. 1 längs der Linie und
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf eine bei der erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigung eingesetzte Winkelführungsplatte.
An embodiment of the invention is described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings show:
  • 1 shows a vertical section through a rail fastening according to the invention, in which the left side of the rail fastening in the final assembled state is shown in section and the right side of the rail fastening in the pre-assembled state is shown in view,
  • 2 shows the arrangement of FIG. 1 in plan view,
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the arrangement of FIG. 1 along the line and
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of an angle guide plate used in the rail fastening according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 und 2 ist eine symmetrisch ausgebildete Vorrichtung zur Befestigung einer Schiene 1 eines ein Eisenbahn-Gleis bildenen Schienenpaares dargestellt. Durch diese wird die Schiene 1 mit ihrem Fuß 2 beidseitig auf eine den Träger bildenden Schwelle 3 gespannt. Dabei zeigt die Fig. 1 die Schienenbefestigung in der linken Hälfte im endmontierten, d.h. gespannten Zustand im Vertikalschnitt senkrecht zur Schienenlängsachse, in der rechten Häfte im vormontierten, d.h. noch nicht gespannten Zustand in der Ansicht.1 and 2 show a symmetrically designed device for fastening a rail 1 of a pair of rails forming a railroad track. Through this, the rail 1 is clamped with its foot 2 on both sides on a threshold 3 forming the support. 1 shows the rail fastening in the left half in the final assembled, i.e. tensioned state in vertical section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail, in the right half in the pre-assembled, i.e. not yet tensioned state in the view.

Die vorzugsweise aus Beton bestehende Schwelle 3 weist jeweils in dem Bereich, in dem eine Schiene 1 aufgenommen wird, eine längliche, senkrecht zur Schwellenlängsachse verlaufende Vertiefung 4 auf. Sie umfaßt eine plane Aufnahmefläche 5 und an ihren Enden zwei sickenförmige Ausnehmungen 6, 7, die in Schrägflächen 8, 9 übergehen.The threshold 3, which is preferably made of concrete, has an elongated depression 4, which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the threshold, in the area in which a rail 1 is received. It comprises a flat receiving surface 5 and at its ends two bead-shaped recesses 6, 7 which merge into inclined surfaces 8, 9.

Die Schwelle 3 nimmt in ihrem quer zur Schiene 1 liegenden Endbereichen ihrer Vertiefung 4 jeweils eine sog. Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 auf, die jeweils an ihren von der Schiene 1 abgewandten Endteilen ein Querschnittsprofil 12, 13 aufweisen, das den sickenförmigen Ausnehmungen 6, 7 sowie den Schrägflächen 8, 9 in der Schwelle 3 angepaßt ist. Sie liegen daher an den Flächen der Ausnehmungen 6, 7 teilweise sowie den Schrägflächen 8, 9 satt an und binden somit in die Schwelle 3 ein.The threshold 3 receives in its end regions of its recess 4 lying transversely to the rail 1 a so-called angle guide plate 10, 11, each of which has a cross-sectional profile 12, 13 on its end parts facing away from the rail 1, which has the bead-shaped recesses 6, 7 and the inclined surfaces 8, 9 in the threshold 3 is adapted. They are therefore in part on the surfaces of the recesses 6, 7 and the inclined surfaces 8, 9 and thus bind into the threshold 3.

Die Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 weisen zur Schiene 1 hin jeweils ein - im Vertikalschnitt parallel zur Schienenlängsachse gesehen - U-Profil 14, 15 auf, das zur Schwelle 3 hin offen ist und dessen Schenkel innerhalb der Vertiefung 4 der Schwelle 3 auf deren Aufnahmefläche 5 aufliegen. Hierdurch bilden sich zwischen der inneren Fläche der U-Profile 14, 15 und der Aufnahmefläche 5 der Schwelle 3 taschenartige Aufnahmeräume 16, 17.The angle guide plates 10, 11 each have a U-profile 14, 15 towards the rail 1, seen in vertical section parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail, which is open towards the threshold 3 and whose legs rest on the receiving surface 5 within the recess 4 of the threshold 3 . This forms 3 pocket-like receiving spaces 16, 17 between the inner surface of the U-profiles 14, 15 and the receiving surface 5 of the threshold.

Zur Schiene 1 hin umfassen die Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 parallel zur Schienenlängsachse orientierte Stirnflächen 18, 19, die Führungen für den Schienenfuß 2 in bezug auf Horizontalkräfte bilden.Towards the rail 1, the angle guide plates 10, 11 comprise end faces 18, 19 oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail, which form guides for the rail foot 2 with respect to horizontal forces.

Ferner besitzen die Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 an ihrer oberen Fläche jeweils eine parallel zur Schienenlängsachse verlaufende Rippe 20 bzw. 21 sowie jeweils zwei entsprechend orientierte Sicken 22, 23 bzw. 24, 25.Furthermore, the angle guide plates 10, 11 each have on their upper surface a rib 20 or 21 running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail and two correspondingly oriented beads 22, 23 or 24, 25.

Die Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 sind im Bereich der Aufnahmeräume 16, 17 mit Bohrungen 26, 27 versehen, durch welche Schwellenschrauben 28 hindurchgreifen. Diese besitzen jeweils einen Vierkantkopf 29, einen Teller 30, einen Schaft 31 und ein Gewindeteil 32, das in einen unterhalb der jeweiligen Winkelführungsplatte in die Schwelle 3 eingesetzten Dübel 33 eingeschraubt wird.The angle guide plates 10, 11 are provided in the area of the receiving spaces 16, 17 with bores 26, 27, through which sleeper screws 28 extend. These each have a square head 29, a plate 30, a shaft 31 and a threaded part 32 which is screwed into a dowel 33 inserted into the sleeper 3 below the respective angle guide plate.

Die Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 umfassen des weiteren je ein Abstützelement 48, 49, das jeweils im Bereich der schienenfußseitigen Offnung des Aufnahmeraums 16, 17 angeordnet ist und über das sich die Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 zusätzlich auf der Aufnahmefläche 5 der Schwelle 3 abstützt.The angle guide plates 10, 11 also each include a support element 48, 49, which is arranged in the region of the opening on the rail foot side of the receiving space 16, 17 and via which the angle guide plate 10, 11 is additionally supported on the receiving surface 5 of the threshold 3.

Zwischen die Stirnflächen 18, 19 der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 wird - wie bereits erwähnt - die Schiene 1 mit ihrem Fuß 2 eingesetzt. Der Schienenfuß 2 ruht auf einem Platten- und Schichtpaket, das aus einer auf dem Beton der Schwellen-Aufnahmefläche 5 aufliegenden, elastischen Zwischenplatte 34, einer steifen Druckverteilungsplatte 35 und einer nicht elastischen, jedoch isolierenden Kunststoff-Zwischenlage 36 besteht. Die Zwischenplatte 34 und die Druckverteilungsplatte 35 dieses Pakets erstrecken sich in Richtung der Schwellenlängsachse beidseitig über die Breite des Schienenfußes 2 hinaus und greifen mit ihren Endteilen in die Aufnahmeräume 16, 17 der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 ein, an deren Längswänden sie formschlüssig anliegen. Die lichte Höhe der Aufnahmeräume 16, 17 ist größer bemessen als die Gesamtdicke von Zwischenplatte 34 und Druckverteilungsplatte 35. Zum Durchtritt der Schwellenschrauben 28 weisen die Zwischenplatte 34 und die Druckverteilungsplatte 35 je ein in Schwellenlängsachse orientiertes Langloch 37 auf.As already mentioned, the rail 1 is inserted with its foot 2 between the end faces 18, 19 of the angle guide plates 10, 11. The rail foot 2 rests on a plate and layer package, which consists of an elastic intermediate plate 34 resting on the concrete of the sleeper receiving surface 5, a rigid pressure distribution plate 35 and egg ner non-elastic, but insulating plastic intermediate layer 36. The intermediate plate 34 and the pressure distribution plate 35 of this package extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis on both sides beyond the width of the rail foot 2 and engage with their end parts in the receiving spaces 16, 17 of the angle guide plates 10, 11, on the longitudinal walls of which they bear in a form-fitting manner. The clear height of the receiving spaces 16, 17 is dimensioned greater than the total thickness of the intermediate plate 34 and pressure distribution plate 35. To pass the sleeper screws 28, the intermediate plate 34 and the pressure distribution plate 35 each have an elongated hole 37 oriented in the longitudinal axis of the threshold.

Auf den Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 befindet sich je eine Spannklemme 38. Diese ist aus Stabstahl mit rundem Querschnitt in W-Form ausgebildet und umfaßt eine den Schaft 31 der Schwellenschraube 28 umschlingende Mittelschleife 39 und frei auslaufende Schenkel 40, 41, die nach oben konvex gekrümmt sind und deren Enden zueinander umgebogen sind, so daß sie gleichachsig zueinander weisen. An der Mittelschleife 39 sind Abflachungen 42, 43 vorgesehen, die im gespannten Zustand mit der Unterseite der Teller 30 der Schwellenschrauben 28 zusammenwirken.On the angle guide plates 10, 11 there is a tensioning clamp 38 each. This is made of steel bar with a round cross-section in a W-shape and comprises a center loop 39 wrapping around the shaft 31 of the sleeper screw 28 and freely running legs 40, 41 which are convexly curved upwards are and the ends of which are bent towards one another so that they point coaxially to one another. Flats 42, 43 are provided on the center loop 39, which cooperate in the tensioned state with the underside of the plate 30 of the sleeper screws 28.

In der linken Hälfte von Fig. 1 und 2 nimmt die Spannklemme 38 die Lage ein, die bei der Endmontage der Schiene 1 auf der Schwelle 3 gegeben ist. Dabei drückt die Klemme mit ihren Schenkeln 40, 41 auf den Fuß 2 der Schiene 1, während sie mit ihren zwischen diesen Schenkeln 40, 41 und der Mittelschleife 39 liegenden Umbiegungen 44 die Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 niederdrückt. Um die Spannklemme 38 gegen Verdrehung zu sichern, liegen ihre Umbiegungen 44 in den Sicken 23, 24 der Winkelführungsplatte 10. Zu dem gleichen Zweck und zur Vergrößerung der Auflagefläche der Mittelschleife 39 der Spannklemme 38 besitzt die Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 im Bereich dieser Mittelschleife 39 eine dazu kongruente Sicke 45 im Bereich der Rippe 20, 21. Unterhalb des Bereiches, in dem die Mittelschleife 39 der Spannklemme 38 auf die Winkelführungsplatte 10 bzw. 11 drückt, ist das erwähnte Abstützelement 48, 49 angeordnet. Auf diese Weise wird die auf die Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 wirkende Kraft der Spannklemme 38 im wesentlichen auf die Schwelle abgetragen, ohne daß die elastische Zwischenplatte 34 eine ungleichmäßige Einfederung erfährt, die zu dem schon erwähnten Schienenneigungsfehler führen kann.In the left half of FIGS. 1 and 2, the tensioning clamp 38 assumes the position that is given during the final assembly of the rail 1 on the threshold 3. The clamp presses with its legs 40, 41 onto the foot 2 of the rail 1, while it presses down the angle guide plate 10, 11 with its bends 44 lying between these legs 40, 41 and the center loop 39. In order to secure the tension clamp 38 against rotation, its bends 44 lie in the beads 23, 24 of the angle guide plate 10. For the same purpose and to enlarge the contact surface of the center loop 39 of the tension clamp 38, the angle guide plate 10, 11 has one in the area of this center loop 39 the congruent bead 45 in the area of the rib 20, 21. Below the area in which the center loop 39 of the tensioning clamp 38 presses on the angle guide plate 10 or 11, the mentioned support element 48, 49 is arranged. In this way, the force acting on the angle guide plate 10, 11 of the tensioning clamp 38 is essentially transferred to the threshold without the elastic intermediate plate 34 experiencing an uneven deflection which can lead to the rail inclination error already mentioned.

Die rechte Seite der Figuren 1 und 2 zeigt die Spannklemme in der Position 38', d.h. der Vormontagestellung. Dort ist sie in bezug auf die Montagestellung um 180° gedreht, so daß sie einerseits auf der Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 und andererseits auf einem von der Schiene abgewandten Bereich der Schwelle 3 aufliegt. Um die Spannklemme 38' auch in der Vormontagestellung gegen Verdrehung zu sichern, liegen ihre Umbiegungen 44 zwischen der Rippe 21 und gegengeordneten Nasen 46.The right side of Figures 1 and 2 shows the tension clamp in position 38 ', ie the pre-assembly position. There it is rotated by 180 ° with respect to the mounting position, so that it rests on the one hand on the angle guide plate 10, 11 and on the other hand on an area of the threshold 3 facing away from the rail. In order to secure the tensioning clamp 38 ' against rotation even in the preassembly position, its bends 44 lie between the rib 21 and opposing lugs 46.

Zur Verlegung eines Schienenpaares werden die nach Art der in den Abbildungen gezeigten Schwelle 3 in gleicher Weise ausgestatteten Schwellen vom Schwellenwerk in der Weise angeliefert, daß alle Spannklemmen 38 rechtsseitig die in der rechten Hälfte von Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Position 38' und linksseitig eine hierzu spiegelbildliche Position einnehmen. Die Schwellenschrauben 28 sind dabei nur soweit angezogen, daß ihre Teller 30 an der Mittelschleife 39 der Spannklemmen 38 leicht zum Anliegen kommen und somit die Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 sowie die Zwischenplatten 34 und die Druckverteilungsplatten 35 und die Spannklemmen 38 auf der jeweiligen Schwelle 3 während ihres Antransports und ihres Auslegens auf den Gleisuntergrund unverlierbar gesichert sind.For laying a pair of rails, the sleepers, which are equipped in the same way in the manner of the sleeper 3 shown in the figures, are supplied by the sleeper unit in such a way that all tensioning clamps 38 on the right-hand side show the position 38 'shown in the right half of FIGS. 1 and 2 and one on the left-hand side take a mirror-image position. The threshold screws 28 are only tightened so far that their plates 30 come to rest against the center loop 39 of the tension clamps 38 and thus the angle guide plates 10, 11 and the intermediate plates 34 and the pressure distribution plates 35 and the clamps 38 on the respective threshold 3 during their Transport and their laying on the track surface are captively secured.

Wenn die Schwellen 3 auf dem Gleisuntergrund ausgelegt sind, werden die Schienen 1 des ein Gleis bildenden Schienenpaares zwischen den Stirnflächen 18, 19 der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 verlegt, wobei noch die Kunststoff-Zwischenlagen 36 eingebracht werden.When the sleepers 3 are laid out on the track base, the rails 1 of the pair of rails forming a track are laid between the end faces 18, 19 of the angle guide plates 10, 11, the plastic intermediate layers 36 also being introduced.

Zum Festspannen des Schienenfußes 2 auf dem Plattenpaket 34, 35, 36 und gleichzeitig auch zum endgültigen Festspannen der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 auf der Schwelle 3 werden nach leichtem Lockern der Schwellenschrauben 28 die Spannklemmen 38 um den Schaft 31 der jeweiligen Schwellenschraube 28 um 180° gedreht, bis z.B. die in Fig 1 und 2 in der rechten Hälfte im vormontierten Zustand gezeigte Spannklemme 38 aus ihrer Position 38' in eine Lage überführt ist, die spiegelbildlich zur Lage der in Fig. 1 und 2 in der linken Hälfte im endgültig montierten Zustand gezeigten Spannklemme 38 ist. Anschließend werden die Schwellenschrauben 28 so weit angedreht, bis die durch die Teller 30 an den Abflachungen 42, 43 erfaßten Mittelschleifen 39 der Spannklemmen 38 mit ihrem Scheitelpunkt auf die Rippen 20 bzw. 21 der Winkelführungsplatten 10 bzw. 11 niedergedrückt werden. Dadurch werden die Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 auf die Schwelle 3 niedergehalten und fixiert und der Fuß 2 der Schiene 1 über das Plattenpaket 34, 35, 36 auf die Schwelle 3 festgespannt.For tightening the rail foot 2 on the plate pack 34, 35, 36 and at the same time for finally tightening the angle guide plates 10, 11 on the sleeper 3, after slightly loosening the sleeper screws 28, the tension clamps 38 are rotated by 180 ° around the shaft 31 of the respective sleeper screw 28 , for example, until the tensioning clamp 38 shown in the right half in the preassembled state in FIGS. 1 and 2 is transferred from its position 38 'into a position which is a mirror image of the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the left half in the finally assembled state Clamp 38 is. The sleeper screws 28 are then tightened until the center loops 39 of the tension clamps 38, which are gripped by the plates 30 on the flats 42, 43, are pressed with their apex onto the ribs 20 and 21 of the angle guide plates 10 and 11, respectively. As a result, the angle guide plates 10, 11 are held down and fixed on the sleeper 3 and the foot 2 of the rail 1 is clamped onto the sleeper 3 via the plate assembly 34, 35, 36.

Die beschriebene Schienenbefestigung besitzt eine Reihe von Vorteilen, die im folgenden näher dargelegt werden.The rail fastening described has a number of advantages, which are explained in more detail below.

Ein Zusammenpressen der Endteile der elastischen Zwischenplatte 34 beim Niederdrücken der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 auf die Schwelle 3 wird im wesentlichen vermieden, da sie in den Aufnahmeräumen 16, 17derWinkeiführungsptatten 10, 11 liegen. Vielmehr wird die von der Spannklemme 38 aufgebrachte Kraft über die Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 im wesentlichen direkt auf die Schwelle 3 übertragen. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß der Schienenneigungswinkel in der geforderten Exaktheit eingehalten wird, und zwar auch dann, wenn die zwei Spannklemmen eines Befestigungspunktes eventuell ungleich stark vorgespannt werden.Compression of the end parts of the elastic intermediate plate 34 when the angle guide plates 10, 11 are pressed onto the threshold 3 is substantially avoided since they lie in the receiving spaces 16, 17 of the angle guide plates 10, 11. Rather, the force applied by the tensioning clamp 38 is transmitted essentially directly to the threshold 3 via the angle guide plate 10, 11. This ensures that the rail inclination angle is maintained with the required accuracy, even if the two tensioning clamps of a fastening point are possibly biased to an uneven degree.

Darüber hinaus ist die elastische Zwischenplatte in Schwellenlängsachse weit über die Breite des Schienenfußes hinaus verlängert, wodurch sie ein großes Widerstandsmoment in bezug auf die auf die Schiene ausgeübten Horizontalkräfte bewirkt, die anderenfalls ein unzulässiges Kippen der Schiene ermöglichen würden. Dazu trägt im besonderen Maße noch die Druckverteilungsplatte 35 bei. Diese ist im Gegensatz zu den Rippenplatten plan ausgebildet und ist deshalb in einfacher Weise in Walzstahl herstellbar.In addition, the elastic intermediate plate in the longitudinal axis of the threshold is extended far beyond the width of the rail base, as a result of which it causes a large section modulus in relation to the horizontal forces exerted on the rail, which would otherwise allow the rail to tilt inadmissibly. The pressure distribution plate 35 also makes a particular contribution to this. This is in contrast to the ribbed plates, they are flat and can therefore be easily manufactured in rolled steel.

Die Horizontalkräfte, die auf die Schiene 1 quer zu ihrer Längsachse ausgeübt werden, werden von den Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 auf die Schrägflächen 8, 9 der Schwelle 3 übertragen und in den Beton der Schwelle abgeleitet. Der Eingriff der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 in die Sicken 6, 7 der Schwelle 3 bewirkt gleichzeitig auch ihre Sicherung gegen Verdrehung beim Spannen auf die Schwelle 3. Zwischen dem Fuß 2 der Schiene 1 und den die Horizontalkräfte aufnehmenden Schrägflächen 8, 9 der Schwelle 3 ist mit der Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 je Schienenseite nur ein einziges Bauteil erforderlich, was die Konstruktion einfach und kostengünstig gestalten läßt sowie die Toleranzen erniedrigt.The horizontal forces which are exerted on the rail 1 transversely to its longitudinal axis are transmitted from the angle guide plates 10, 11 to the inclined surfaces 8, 9 of the sleeper 3 and are diverted into the concrete of the sleeper. The engagement of the angle guide plates 10, 11 in the beads 6, 7 of the sleeper 3 also causes them to be secured against rotation when tensioned on the sleeper 3. Between the foot 2 of the rail 1 and the inclined surfaces 8, 9 of the sleeper 3, which absorb the horizontal forces with the angle guide plate 10, 11 only one component is required per rail side, which makes the construction simple and inexpensive and reduces the tolerances.

Der Schaft 31 der Schwellenschrauben 28 wird bei deren Andrehen durch die Bohrungen 26 bzw. 27 der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11 exakt geführt, wodurch ein Verbiegen der Schwellenschrauben beim Spannen der Schiene 1 auf die Schwelle 3 verhindert wird. Dazu trägt im besonderen Maße bei, daß die von der Schiene abgewandte Fläche des Abstützelements 48, 49 der Winkelführungsplatte 10, 11 eine Anlagefläche 47 für den Schaft 31 der Schwellenschraube 28 bildet.The shaft 31 of the sleeper screws 28 is guided exactly when they are turned through the bores 26 and 27 of the angle guide plates 10, 11, thereby preventing the sleeper screws from bending when the rail 1 is tensioned on the sleeper 3. This is particularly due to the fact that the surface of the support element 48, 49 of the angle guide plate 10, 11 facing away from the rail forms a contact surface 47 for the shaft 31 of the sleeper screw 28.

Natürlich kann das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel modifiziert werden, ohne daß der Erfindungsgedanke verlassen wird.Of course, the exemplary embodiment described can be modified without departing from the inventive concept.

So ist es möglich, anstelle der Winkelführungsplatten 10, 11, die sich mit ihren Schrägflächen 12,13 an entsprechenden Schrägflächen 8, 9 im Träger abstützen, Führungsplatten zu verwenden, die auf andere Weise in bezug auf Horizontalkräfte formschlüssig in den Träger einbinden.So it is possible to use guide plates instead of the angle guide plates 10, 11, which are supported with their inclined surfaces 12, 13 on corresponding inclined surfaces 8, 9 in the carrier, which in another way incorporate positive locking in the carrier with respect to horizontal forces.

Anstelle der W-förmigen Spannklemmen 38 können auch andere Klemmen eingesetzt werden.Instead of the W-shaped tension clamps 38, other clamps can also be used.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigung kann des weiteren nur im Zusammenhang mit Schwellen, die die Träger bilden, eingesetzt werden, sondern auch auf entsprechend ausgebildeten Trägerplatten verwendet werden.The rail fastening according to the invention can furthermore only be used in connection with sleepers which form the supports, but can also be used on appropriately designed support plates.

Claims (11)

1. Device for attaching railway rails (1) to a permanent way comprising ties (3), in which
a) two guide plates (10, 11) are provided for each fastening point, which are arranged on both sides of the base (2) of the rail (1) for laterally guiding it;
b) to each guide plate (10, 11) there is provided a clamp (38) which can be tightened by a screw spike (28) and which presses on the one hand the guide plate (10, 11) and on the other hand the base (2) of the rail (1) onto the tie (3);
c) between the base (2) of the rail (1) and the tie (3) is disposed at least one elastic intermediate plate (34);
d) the elastic intermediate plate (34) is wider perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail than the base (2) of the rail (1) and accordingly projects beneath the base on both sides;
e) the guide plates (10, 11) each comprise a receiving chamber (16, 17) which is open towards the base of the rail and into which the elastic intermediate plate (34) extends; characterised in that
f) the guide plate (10, 11) in the region of the opening of the receiving chamber (16, 17) which is close to the base of the rail comprises a supporting element (48, 49)
g) which rests on the tie (3) and via which the force of the clamp (38) is at least essentially transmitted from the guide plate (10, 11) to the tie (3).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that between the base (2) of the rail (1) and the elastic intermediate plate (34) is disposed a rigid pressure distribution plate (35).
3. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the length and/or the width of the pressure distribution plate (35) is greater than the corresponding dimensions of the elastic intermediate plate (34).
4. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that between the base (2) of the rail (1) and the pressure distribution plate (35) is disposed a further intermediate layer (36), the width of which essentially corresponds to the width of the base of the rail.
5. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a contact surface (47) for the shank (31) of the screw spike (28) is provided in the guide plate (10, 11), at least on the rail side.
6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the contact surface (47) for the shank (31) of the screw spike (28) is formed on the supporting element (48, 49).
7. Device according to any of claims 2 to 6, characterised in that the receiving chamber (16, 17) provided in the guide plate (10, 11) is formed by a U-profile (14, 15) which opens towards the tie (3), and the clearance height of this receiving chamber (16, 17) is greater than the total thickness of elastic intermediate plate (34) and rigid pressure distribution plate (35).
8. Device according to any of claims 2 to 7, characterised in that the pressure distribution plate (35) or the intermediate plate (34) has a slot (37) extending perpendicular to the rail axis, for passage of the screw spike and of the supporting element of the guide plate.
9. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide plate (10, 11) at its end remote from the rail comprises a sloping surface (12, 13) which comes into contact with a corresponding sloping surface (8, 9) of the tie (3).
10. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide plate possesses a projection extending parallel to the rail axis and engaging in a corresponding recess (6, 7) in the tie (3).
11. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the clamp (38) is basically in the shape of a W, the centre loop (39) of which partially encompasses the shank of the screw spike and comes to rest on the guide plate (10, 11) in the region of the supporting element (48, 49) thereof.
EP88109656A 1987-06-19 1988-06-16 Rail-holding device on rigid railroad Expired - Lifetime EP0295685B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88109656T ATE58926T1 (en) 1987-06-19 1988-06-16 DEVICE FOR FIXING RAILWAY TRACKS ON SOLID TRACK.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3720381 1987-06-19
DE19873720381 DE3720381A1 (en) 1987-06-19 1987-06-19 DEVICE FOR FASTENING RAILWAY RAILS ON FIXED ROADWAY

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0295685A1 EP0295685A1 (en) 1988-12-21
EP0295685B1 true EP0295685B1 (en) 1990-12-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88109656A Expired - Lifetime EP0295685B1 (en) 1987-06-19 1988-06-16 Rail-holding device on rigid railroad

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US (1) US4907740A (en)
EP (1) EP0295685B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE58926T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1331593C (en)
DE (2) DE3720381A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2018868B3 (en)
GR (1) GR3001168T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0295685A1 (en) 1988-12-21
GR3001168T3 (en) 1992-06-30
ES2018868B3 (en) 1991-05-16
CA1331593C (en) 1994-08-23
DE3861213D1 (en) 1991-01-17
DE3720381A1 (en) 1989-01-05
US4907740A (en) 1990-03-13
ATE58926T1 (en) 1990-12-15

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