EP3339568B1 - Outil de démolition et procédé de démolition de roche - Google Patents

Outil de démolition et procédé de démolition de roche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3339568B1
EP3339568B1 EP17205338.1A EP17205338A EP3339568B1 EP 3339568 B1 EP3339568 B1 EP 3339568B1 EP 17205338 A EP17205338 A EP 17205338A EP 3339568 B1 EP3339568 B1 EP 3339568B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
demolition
slot
rock
slots
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17205338.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3339568A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Ertmer
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102016125158.5A external-priority patent/DE102016125158A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102017119913.6A external-priority patent/DE102017119913A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3339568A1 publication Critical patent/EP3339568A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3339568B1 publication Critical patent/EP3339568B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/025—Rock drills, i.e. jumbo drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B28D1/186—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
    • E02F5/305—Arrangements for breaking-up hard ground
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
    • E02F5/32—Rippers
    • E02F5/323—Percussion-type rippers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
    • E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
    • E21C27/22—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by rotary drills with breaking-down means, e.g. wedge-shaped drills, i.e. the rotary axis of the tool carrier being substantially perpendicular to the working face, e.g. MARIETTA-type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/02—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by wedges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a demolition tool and a method for demolishing rock.
  • Rock in the sense of the invention is both natural rock and artificial rock, such as concrete.
  • rock demolition Various methods for rock demolition are known from the prior art.
  • Rocks are currently usually mined by blasting, using a hydraulic hammer or using the drilling and splitting technique.
  • the drilling-splitting technique holes are drilled in rows in the rock to be mined, into which wedge-shaped splitting tools are subsequently inserted in order to split the rock.
  • the EP 2 489 823 B1 describes an apparatus and a method for splitting solid materials such as rock and concrete using the drilling-splitting technique.
  • the device comprises a mount with a working head which can be moved transversely on the mount along a first axis and which can be rotated about a second axis in relation to the mount.
  • a drilling device and a splitting device are attached to the working head, which can alternately be brought into the working position.
  • the DE 10 2013 206 565 B4 shows a hydraulically operated splitting device in the form of a wedge lance, which uses the drilling-splitting method to mine rock.
  • This mining machine includes means for making horizontal slots in the material being mined, means for producing a vertical slot which cuts the horizontal slots to form columns and picking means which are arranged between the means for producing the horizontal slots to cut off sections from the column.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore a demolition tool and a method for demolishing rock to make available, which enables a more effective rock demolition and at the same time works with low vibration. Slipping of the demolition tool during breaking should be avoided effectively.
  • the piece size of the broken fragments should be controllable in order to be able to adapt them in particular to the size of a crusher.
  • the demolition point should nevertheless have a largely flat surface, if possible without further finishing.
  • a demolition tool according to the attached claim 1 and a method according to the attached independent claim 13 serve to achieve the object according to the invention.
  • the demolition tool according to the invention serves to demolish rock.
  • several slots are worked into the rock, between which material to be broken off remains.
  • two or more slots of a predetermined depth and a predetermined distance from one another are introduced which run essentially parallel to one another.
  • the slots can also run at an angle to one another if this is advantageous at the point of demolition.
  • the demolition tool can be inserted into one of the slots in order to break the rock between the slots by building up transverse forces acting essentially perpendicular to the slot planes.
  • the demolition tool has a base body with a first free end area and an opposite second end area.
  • the second end region is designed to exert a compressive force on a second wall section of the slot.
  • the second wall section extends from an beginning of the slot opposite the floor.
  • the base body is fixedly connected at its second end region to a mounting bracket for mounting the demolition tool on a movable support arm of a construction machine, in particular an excavator.
  • the Demolition tools can preferably be attached to the same construction machine to which a cutting wheel used to mill the slots can also be attached, in exchange for this.
  • the construction machine is preferably equipped with an automatic quick-change device for quick and effortless conversion between the cutting wheel and the demolition tool according to the invention.
  • the support arm of the construction machine or excavator exerts the necessary forces to move the demolition tool into the desired position and to move it into the slots in the rock.
  • At least one scribing tool is arranged on the first end region of the base body and is used to introduce a scribe running parallel to the bottom of the slot into the first, lower-lying wall section of the slot.
  • the incision extends only over a defined depth into the wall section, preferably less than half the thickness of the wall section.
  • the scratch does not cut through the rock completely, so that the wall section initially remains. There is no cutting through of the rock in the area of the first wall section into the adjacent slots. This saves cutting performance and enables the targeted breaking off of the material at the desired time.
  • a compressive force is exerted on the second wall section of the slot via the second end area, which then causes the material to break off in the area of the scratch.
  • the demolition tool according to the invention has several advantages compared to the previously known demolition tools. In this way, large amounts of rock can be efficiently broken with the demolition tool according to the invention. In addition, the demolition takes place with little vibration. This is an essential advantage compared to blowing up. A scratch is created by the scratch generated by the scratching tool, which ensures a controlled breaking of the rock. A relatively smooth fracture surface is created at the bottom of the slot.
  • the demolition tool comprises several scoring tools.
  • Several scribing tools enable quick and even scribing.
  • An advantageous embodiment uses a demolition tool with a cylindrical base body, each of which has an elliptical cross-sectional expansion in the first and the second end region.
  • Two opposite first cross-sectional areas of the elliptical cross-sectional extension have a larger diameter than two opposite second cross-sectional areas of the elliptical cross-sectional expansion.
  • the at least one scoring tool arranged in the first end region is arranged on one of the first cross-sectional regions.
  • a preferred further developed embodiment uses several scoring tools in each of the first two cross-sectional areas.
  • the diameter of the second cross-sectional areas corresponds approximately to the width of the slots, the diameter being selected to be slightly smaller in order to be able to insert the demolition tool into the slot.
  • the demolition tool can be inserted into the slot either from above or from the side.
  • the demolition tool inserted into the slot is subsequently rotated, the at least one scoring tool coming into contact with the first wall section and producing the scoring.
  • a pressure force is exerted on the second wall section through the second end region in order to break the material between the slots.
  • This embodiment of the demolition tool is particularly suitable for compact and hard rock.
  • the demolition tool has a base body with a convexly curved longitudinal side.
  • the base body has a cross section increasing from the first end region to the second end region, i. H. the width of the demolition tool increases from a tip at the first end towards the opposite end.
  • the side opposite the convex long side is preferably concavely curved, but can also be essentially straight.
  • the first end region of the base body is preferably equipped with a plurality of scribing tools, which preferably extend from the first end region as an extension of the first end region.
  • the first end region of the demolition tool has a slightly larger width than the slot. The demolition tool designed in this way is inserted laterally into the slot with its first end region and moved linearly through the slot.
  • the scoring tools come into contact with the first wall section and produce the scoring. At the same time, the rock between the slots is broken by the compressive force exerted by the second wall section. This pressure force acts due to the increasing cross section of the base body in the longitudinal direction of the base body.
  • This embodiment can preferably be used in medium-hard or fissured material.
  • the second end area which is closer to the mounting bracket than the first end area, has a breaking tool for exerting a compressive force on the second, less deep wall section of the slot.
  • the due to the in the longitudinal direction of the base body increasing cross-section of the base body on the second wall section compressive force is reinforced by the crushing tool arranged in the second end region of the base body.
  • a preferred embodiment uses a breaking tool designed as a breaking wedge.
  • the breaking wedge is partially wider than the base body. It has proven to be expedient to make the broad side of the crushing wedge about 30% to 40% wider than the base body, with no restriction to the range of values mentioned, wider or narrower crushing wedges are quite possible.
  • the crushing wedge can preferably be driven hydraulically by the construction machine, for example by a bucket cylinder of the excavator.
  • the pressure force exerted by means of a crushing wedge acts in addition to the pressure force generated by the base body and ensures that the rock is broken and completely removed from a quarrying wall.
  • the crushing wedge is preferably equipped on its outer circumference with a plurality of plates which serve for stiffening and are preferably replaceable as wearing parts. Versions with four plates, which extend on both sides from the breaking wedge tip in the direction of the base body, have proven to be favorable.
  • An alternative embodiment uses a breaking tool designed as a hydraulic hammer.
  • the hydraulic hammer comprises an impact mechanism and a chisel, which is preferably extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the demolition tool.
  • the chisel is driven into the rock with the help of the striking mechanism, creates a notch and removes it from the bond.
  • the breaking tool can be an eccentric hammer mechanism.
  • Eccentric striking mechanism and hydraulic hammer are preferably used when the rock to be crushed has a uniaxial compressive strength greater than 60 MPa. With a lower uniaxial compressive strength, the crushing wedge is preferably used.
  • the crushing wedge, hydraulic hammer and eccentric hammer mechanism are preferably detachably connected to the base body and are used depending on the type of rock.
  • the base body of the demolition tool can be constructed in several parts.
  • the first end region carrying the at least one scoring tool is preferably designed as a separate component which is preferably detachably connected to the base body. If the scoring tool is worn out, the component carrying the scoring tool can be replaced with little effort.
  • the base body can further comprise a plurality of plates arranged on its outer circumference, which serve to stiffen the base body and thus improve its stability. These plates are preferably designed as replaceable wear parts.
  • the base body preferably has a plurality of plates which are convexly curved in the longitudinal direction and are firmly connected to one another.
  • the base body In the embodiments with a crushing tool, it has proven to be advantageous to equip the base body with a base plate arranged in the second end region.
  • the breaking tool is preferably releasably attached to the base plate. Breaking tool and base plate can also be firmly connected to one another and releasably connected to the base body as a structural unit.
  • the method according to the invention for rock demolition comprises the steps described below. First, at least two slots that run parallel to each other are milled into the rock.
  • the slots can be made both horizontally and vertically in the rock. They have a predetermined depth, a predetermined width and a predetermined distance from one another.
  • the depth and width of the slots to be selected and the respective distance between the slots depend on the nature of the material to be broken. Influencing factors here are the rock hardness and the rock structure of the material to be crushed. In addition, depth, width and distance influence the grain size of the end product.
  • the parameters of the slots are also dependent on the dimensioning of the demolition tool used in the subsequent process step.
  • the depth of the slots should preferably correspond to the length, ie the depth of penetration of the demolition tool.
  • the width of the slots must also be adapted to the width of the demolition tool.
  • the slots are preferably introduced with the aid of a cutting wheel equipped with suitable milling tools.
  • cutting wheels equipped with hard metal tools are suitable for milling rock.
  • the hard metal tools can be designed as round shank chisels.
  • the cutting wheel is preferably driven hydraulically or by means of the drive shaft of a construction vehicle, for example a tractor shaft.
  • Cutting wheels designed as attachments have proven to be cheap, which are suitable for mounting on a movable support arm of a construction machine, such as an excavator, backhoe loader or tractor. By means of The rock is relieved of space and can then be broken efficiently.
  • a slit running parallel to a bottom of the slit is produced in a first wall section of one of the slits with the aid of the scribing tool.
  • the slot in which the scratch is produced is located at least adjacent to another slot, preferably between two of the other slots, since the material is to be broken between two slots according to the method.
  • the scratch created only extends to a defined depth in the rock material and does not cut through the wall section.
  • the material located between the slots is broken at the same time. This is done by exerting a compressive force on a second wall section of the slot.
  • the second wall portion of the slot extends from a bottom of the slot opposite the bottom.
  • the pressure force is generated by the base body.
  • the compressive force acting on the second wall section is additionally increased by the breaking tool arranged on the base body.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage, among other things, that the piece size of the broken rock can be adapted to the dimensions of a crusher subsequently used for comminution. For this purpose, the depth or width of the slots or the spacing of the slots from one another are varied accordingly.
  • demolition using a hydraulic hammer or blasting delivers uncontrolled large fragments, which usually have to be shredded in order to be able to feed them to the crusher.
  • demolition of reinforced Concrete reinforcement bars present in the concrete can be cut using the tool used to create the slots.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial perspective view of a first embodiment of a demolition tool 01 according to the invention.
  • the demolition tool 01 according to the invention comprises a cylindrical base body 02 does not expand the cross section of the end region in a rotationally symmetrical manner.
  • Two opposite first cross-sectional areas of the elliptical cross-sectional expansion have a larger diameter than two opposite second cross-sectional areas of the elliptical cross-sectional expansion.
  • three scribing tools 05 are arranged. In modified embodiments, more than three or fewer than three scribing tools 05 can also be used. There is also the possibility that only one of the first two cross-sectional areas is equipped with scribing tools 05.
  • An attachment bracket 07 is fixedly connected to the second end region 04 of the base body 02 and is used to fasten the demolition tool 01 to a movable support arm of a construction machine.
  • FIG. 2 the milling of one of the slots 08 is shown.
  • the slot 08 is introduced using a known cutting wheel 10.
  • the cutting wheel 10 is designed as an attachment for a construction machine 12. There is a firm, detachable connection between construction machine 12 and cutting wheel 10.
  • the cutting wheel 10 is equipped with numerous milling tools 13, which in the embodiment shown are designed as round shank chisels.
  • Construction machine 12 may be an excavator, backhoe loader, or tractor.
  • the cutting wheel 10 is driven hydraulically by the construction machine or with the aid of a working shaft.
  • at least two, preferably three slots 08 of identical dimensions are made in the rock 09.
  • the demolition tool 01 is preferably inserted into the middle of the three slots 08.
  • Fig. 3 shows the demolition tool 01 arranged within the slot 08.
  • the demolition tool 01 can be inserted into the slot 08 from above or from the side.
  • the second cross-sectional areas of the elliptical cross-sectional expansion of the base body 02 of the demolition tool 01 is preferably slightly smaller than the width of the slots 08 in order to be able to insert the demolition tool 01 into the slot 08 without any problems.
  • FIG. 4 It can be seen from the detailed illustration shown that the scribing tools 05 in this positioning of the demolition tool 01, that is to say when they are inserted into the slot 08, are not yet in contact with a first wall section 14 of the slot 08.
  • the first wall section 14 extends directly from a floor 15 of the slot 08.
  • the second wall section 17 extends from a beginning 18 opposite the floor 15 the slot 08.
  • the demolition tool 01 After the demolition tool 01 is positioned in the slot, the demolition tool 01 is set in rotation.
  • the scribing tools 05 come into contact with the first wall section 14 and produce a scribe in the first wall section 14 of the slot 08.
  • the second end region 04 exerts a compressive force on the second wall section 17 of the slot 08.
  • the scratch generated serves as a predetermined breaking point and ensures a controlled breaking of the rock, a relatively smooth fracture surface being created at the bottom of the slot 08.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the breaking of rock 09 while Fig. 6 which shows the scribing tools 05 in contact with the first wall section 14 of the slot 08.
  • Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of the demolition tool 01 according to the invention.
  • the base body 02 of this embodiment is designed in the form of a fang, which is convexly curved on one side in the longitudinal direction.
  • the first end region 03 of the base body 02 is equipped with three scribing tools 05, which extend in the extension of the base body 02.
  • the first end region 03 has a greater width than the slot 08.
  • the demolition tool 01 can be attached to the movable support arm of the construction machine 12 via the attachment bracket 07 (see Fig. 2 ) are grown.
  • the base body 02 has a cross section which increases from the first end region 03 to the axially opposite second end region 04.
  • the demolition tool 01 according to the second embodiment is inserted laterally with its narrower side into the slot 08 and moved linearly through the slot 08.
  • the scribing tools 05 contact the first wall section 14 of the slot and produce a scribe running parallel to the bottom 15 of the slot 08.
  • a compressive force acts on the second wall section 17 of the slot 08, as a result of which the rock 09 is broken between the slots 08.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates the breaking of stone 09.
  • the Figures 9 and 10 show perspective representations of a third embodiment of the demolition tool 01 according to the invention Figure 7 shown embodiment, the base body 02 is again in the form of a fang.
  • the base body 02 consists of a plurality of first plates 19 which are fixed to one another are connected.
  • a plurality of second plates 20 are arranged which serve to stiffen the base body 02 and to protect against wear.
  • the second plates 20 can be made of hard metal and can be interchangeably attached to the first plates 19.
  • the first end region 03 forming the tip of the fang is designed as a separate component connected to the base body 02.
  • the base body 02 and the first end region 03 can alternatively also be formed in one piece.
  • two scribing tools 05 are arranged at the distal end, which extend in the extension of the base body 02. In modified embodiments, more than two scribing tools 05 or only one scribing tool 05 can also be used.
  • a breaking tool designed as a breaking wedge 22 is arranged, which in Fig. 11 is shown in detail.
  • the crushing wedge 22 is detachably connected to the base body 02 via a base plate 23.
  • the outer circumference, in particular the side surfaces of the breaking wedge 22, which are brought into contact with the side walls in the slot in the rock, is equipped with four third plates 24, which extend on both sides from the breaking wedge tip in the direction of the base body 02 and for stiffening and protection against Wear the breaking wedge 22 serve.
  • On its broad side, which faces the base body 02 the breaking wedge 22 is about 30% to 40% wider than the base body 02.
  • the breaking wedge 22 can be driven by the construction machine, for example with the aid of a spoon cylinder.
  • the from the scribing tools 05 at the bottom of the slot and the Breaking wedge 22 executed movement or the resulting force when breaking the rock is indicated by arrows in the Figures 9 and 10 indicated.
  • Fig. 12 shows a fourth embodiment of the demolition tool 01.
  • the breaking tool is designed here as a hydraulic hammer 25, which in detail in Fig. 13 is shown.
  • the hydraulic hammer 25 comprises an impact mechanism 26 and a crushing tool 27, which is arranged in a housing 28.
  • the crushing chisel 27 is driven into the rock, creates a notch and removes it from the composite.
  • the chisel 27 extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the demolition tool 01.
  • the direction of impact of the striking mechanism 26 should always correspond to the working direction of the demolition tool 01.
  • the impact force thus acts in the direction of the slot.
  • the direction of movement of the demolition tool 01 and the direction of impact of the impact mechanism 26 and the forces resulting therefrom are indicated by arrows in Fig. 12 indicated.
  • a fifth embodiment of the demolition tool 01 can Fig. 14 be removed.
  • This embodiment also differs from the embodiments according to FIG Figures 9 to 13 only by the breaking tool used.
  • the breaking tool is designed here as an eccentric striking mechanism 29, which is shown in detail in FIG Fig. 15 is shown.
  • the movement exerted by the eccentric striking mechanism 29 is directed in the direction of the mounting bracket 07 and is indicated by a simple arrow.
  • the impact force generated by the eccentric impact mechanism 29, which in turn is directed in the working direction of the demolition tool 01, is shown as a broad arrow in FIG Fig. 14 shown.
  • Eccentric striking mechanism 29 and hydraulic hammer 25 are preferably used with a uniaxial compressive strength of the rock to be broken greater than 60 MPa. With a lower uniaxial compressive strength, the breaking wedge 22 is preferably used.
  • Breaking wedge 22, hydraulic hammer 25 and eccentric striking mechanism 29 can optionally be attached to the base body 02.
  • the demolition tool 01 can be adapted to the respective type of rock with little effort.
  • the demolition tool 01 is preferably inserted into a central one between two adjacent slots 08. Since the demolition tool 01 is wider than the milled slot 08, a breaking edge is always required to insert the demolition tool 01, from which the demolition tool 01 is inserted.
  • the demolition tool 01 is inserted into the slot 08 with its first end region 03, which carries the scribing tools 05, and is moved linearly through the slot 08. During this linear movement, the scribing tools 05 contact the first, lower-lying wall section of the slot 08 and produce a scribe running parallel to the bottom of the slot 08.
  • a pressure force is exerted on the second, less deep wall section of the slot 08, as a result of which the rock 09 is broken between the slots 08.
  • This pressure force is generated on the one hand by the cross section of the main body 02 increasing in the longitudinal direction of the main body 02 and on the other hand by the breaking tool designed as a breaking wedge 22, hydraulic hammer 25 or eccentric hammer mechanism 29.
  • the rock 09 is pre-broken by the action of the base body 02.
  • the crushing tool ensures that the rock 09 is completely detached.
  • Fig. 16 illustrates the breaking of the rock 09, which is pressed simultaneously into the two adjacent slots 08.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Outil de démolition (01), destiné à démolir une roche (09), dans la roche (09) étant ménagées des fentes (08) d'une profondeur prédéfinie et d'un écart mutuel prédéfini, l'outil de démolition (01) étant susceptible d'être introduit respectivement dans l'une des fentes (08), pour briser la roche (09) entre les fentes (08), l'outil de démolition (01) comprenant les constituants suivants :
    - un corps de base (02) pourvu
    ▪ d'une première zone d'extrémité (03), laquelle comporte au moins un outil à entailler (05), destiné à ménager une entaille s'écoulant à la parallèle d'un fond inférieur (15) de la fente (08) dans un premier segment de paroi (14) de la fente (08), le premier segment de paroi (14) s'étendant directement à partir du fond inférieur (15) de la fente (08) et l'entaille ne sectionnant pas le segment de paroi, et
    ▪ d'une deuxième zone d'extrémité (04), laquelle est conçue pour exercer une force de pression sur un deuxième segment de paroi (17) de la fente (08), le deuxième segment de paroi (17) s'étendant à partir d'un début de la fente (08) situé en vis-à-vis du fond inférieur (15) ;
    - d'une console de montage (07) fixement assemblée sur la deuxième zone d'extrémité (04) avec le corps de base (02), destinée à monter l'outil de démolition (01) sur un bras de support mobile d'une machine de chantier (12).
  2. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base (02) de l'outil de démolition (01) est de forme cylindrique et comporte respectivement un élargissement elliptique de la section transversale dans la première et dans la deuxième zones d'extrémité (03, 04) et en ce que l'au moins un outil à entailler (05) placé dans la première zone d'extrémité (03) est placé sur l'élargissement de la section transversale.
  3. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs outils à entailler (05).
  4. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base (02) de l'outil de démolition (01) comporte un côté longitudinal à courbure convexe et une section transversale croissante de la première zone d'extrémité (03) vers la deuxième zone d'extrémité (04).
  5. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième zone d'extrémité (04) comporte un outil à briser, destiné à exercer la force de pression sur le deuxième segment de paroi (17) .
  6. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'outil à briser est assemblé de manière amovible avec le corps de base (02).
  7. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que l'outil à briser est une clavette briseuse (22), sur son côté large, la clavette briseuse (22) étant conçue en étant plus large que le corps de base (02).
  8. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que sur son côté large, la clavette briseuse (22) est plus large de 30 % à 40 % que le corps de base (02).
  9. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la clavette briseuse (22) est susceptible d'être entraînée par voie hydraulique par la machine de chantier (12).
  10. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que l'outil à briser est un marteau hydraulique (25), le marteau hydraulique (25) comprenant un mécanisme de percussion (26) et un ciseau briseur (27).
  11. Outil de démolition (01) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que l'outil à briser est un mécanisme de percussion (29) à excentrique.
  12. Outil de démolition (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisé en ce que qu'il comporte plusieurs outils à entailler (05), lesquels s'étendent dans le prolongement du corps de base (02).
  13. Procédé, destiné à démolir une roche (08) au moyen d'un outil de démolition (01) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, avec les étapes suivantes, consistant à :
    - fraiser au moins deux fentes (08) s'écoulant à la parallèle l'une de l'autre dans la roche (09), les fentes (08) présentant une profondeur prédéfinie, une largeur prédéfinie et un écart mutuel prédéfini ;
    - créer une entaille s'écoulant à la parallèle d'un fond inférieur (15) de la fente (08) à l'aide de l'outil à entailler (05) associé à l'outil de démolition (01) dans un premier segment de paroi (14), en partant de l'une des fentes (08) et sans sectionner le segment de paroi, le premier segment de paroi (14) s'étendant directement à partir du fond inférieur (15) de la fente (08) ; et
    - démolir la roche (09) entre les fentes (08), en exerçant une force de pression pendant la création de l'entaille sur un deuxième segment de paroi (17) de la fente (08), le deuxième segment de paroi (17) s'étendant à partir d'un début de la fente (08) situé en vis-à-vis du fond inférieur (15).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'écart entre les fentes (08) et/ou la profondeur et/ou la largeur des fentes (08) sont adaptables, pour faire varier la taille des morceaux de roche éclatés, et en ce que l'entaille est créée à une profondeur inférieure à la moitié de l'épaisseur du segment de paroi.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que les fentes (08) sont ménagées à la verticale ou à l'horizontale dans la roche (09).
EP17205338.1A 2016-12-21 2017-12-05 Outil de démolition et procédé de démolition de roche Active EP3339568B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016125158.5A DE102016125158A1 (de) 2016-12-21 2016-12-21 Verfahren zum Abbruch von Gestein und Abbruchwerkzeug
DE102017119913.6A DE102017119913A1 (de) 2017-08-30 2017-08-30 Abbruchwerkzeug und Verfahren zum Abbruch von Gestein

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EP3339568B1 true EP3339568B1 (fr) 2020-05-06

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CN111963171B (zh) * 2020-08-12 2022-11-25 安徽竹丰矿业有限责任公司 一种小型手持式矿山用岩石***机
CN114000559A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-01 三一重机有限公司 破碎锤控制方法、装置及作业机械
CN114425479B (zh) * 2022-01-26 2023-05-05 武宣益德矿业有限责任公司 基于冲击式的矿石开采用的破碎装置

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US2734732A (en) * 1956-02-14 tracy
US1797748A (en) * 1927-11-29 1931-03-24 Cold Spring Granite Co Inc Method of splitting stone
US4190293A (en) * 1978-04-27 1980-02-26 Nieder Charles E Rock splitting attachment for a breaking hammer
SE0202373L (sv) * 2002-08-07 2004-02-08 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Anordning för spräckning av stenblock
FI122760B (fi) * 2008-09-15 2012-06-29 Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy Menetelmä säröilyn muodostamiseksi kivimateriaaliin ja rikkomislaite
CH704534A1 (de) * 2011-02-18 2012-08-31 Leo Syfrig Vorrichtung zum Bohren und Spalten von festen Materialien.
DE102013206565B4 (de) * 2013-04-12 2016-08-25 Darda GmbH Spaltgerät

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