EP3194234B1 - Device for combined pressure-protection and air-flow control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles - Google Patents

Device for combined pressure-protection and air-flow control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3194234B1
EP3194234B1 EP15790822.9A EP15790822A EP3194234B1 EP 3194234 B1 EP3194234 B1 EP 3194234B1 EP 15790822 A EP15790822 A EP 15790822A EP 3194234 B1 EP3194234 B1 EP 3194234B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flap element
pressure
air
flap
drive
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EP15790822.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3194234A1 (en
Inventor
Kai Fischer
Erik Hoffmann
Michael Heisler
Sascha Mader
Andreas Sauer
Christoph THIERICKE
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Faiveley Transport Leipzig GmbH and Co KG
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Faiveley Transport Leipzig GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/009—Means for ventilating only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • F24F2013/1433—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means with electric motors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for a combined pressure protection and air volume control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles, the functions of pressure protection and air volume being implemented with a common assembly that controls the free flow cross-section of air intake and / or air outlet openings depending on the operating conditions.
  • a simple variant in this regard consists in completely closing the air inlet openings with flaps or valves when predefined limit values for the pressure are exceeded.
  • it is disadvantageous that the supply of fresh air to the vehicle is completely interrupted.
  • the air quality in the passenger compartment is therefore significantly impaired.
  • so-called pressure protection systems are increasingly being used, which are intended to ensure both effective pressure protection and sufficiently good air quality.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a device for combined pressure protection and air volume control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles, which requires little installation space and a small number of separate assemblies and which ensures fast and functionally reliable control even at high travel speeds.
  • the device has a housing which is pressure-tight against pressure shocks up to a size of ⁇ 10 kPa and which is configured with a recess on its side face opposite the base area, to which a flap element is assigned.
  • the flap element is supported at both end sections of the axis on the housing via an axis running parallel to its longitudinal direction and is arranged pivotably along this axis in such a way that the recess is pressure-tight from any position of the flap element is lockable.
  • a drive assembly is assigned to the flap element, which is operatively connected to an electrical drive for precise, repeatable positioning of the flap element in such a way that a closing process can be carried out from any position of the flap element within ⁇ 50 ms.
  • the electric drive is connected to an adjusting element which, when de-energized, automatically sets a defined end position for the flap element.
  • This adjusting element can be designed as a mechanical (for example return spring) or electrical (for example supercapacitor) element.
  • supercapacitor (sometimes also referred to as SuperCap / supercapacitors ) denotes a memory for an emergency voltage source for resetting via the motor itself to a certain position in the event of a power failure.
  • the device according to the invention is preferably suitable for air intake and exhaust openings in fast-moving passenger coaches to protect passengers from pressure waves.
  • this device also takes on the function of regulating the amount of air required, which initially flows into the car as outside air and later leaves the car as used air.
  • a major advantage of this device is the space and weight-saving combination of the assemblies for pressure protection and air volume control in the form of a specifically designed flap element that allows a geometrically free design as a closing element independent of other components. Further advantages result from the exclusively electric operation without pneumatic assemblies. The elimination of the previously necessary pneumatic assemblies results in cost advantages for the manufacture of passenger coaches and air conditioning systems, especially for the high-speed range.
  • the electric drive also enables short closing times and sufficient sealing forces to be achieved.
  • the control of the drive ensures exact positioning of the flap with a high level of repeatability. It is controlled either via an analogue / digital input or via a BUS system, which also enables feedback.
  • the drive In order to ensure a defined end position in the de-energized state, the drive is connected to an actuating element that secures the open or closed position depending on the application.
  • the flap element is optimized for a small overall depth by making this pivotable component elongated in order to achieve the necessary Component width - which represents the depth when turning the flap element into the open position - to be able to reduce.
  • the mechanical interfaces of the flap element are designed so that they can be operated individually or several connected to one another with a drive.
  • the coupling can take place in one axis and / or placed one above the other.
  • the device shown in the drawing is designed for a combined pressure protection and air volume control in the interior of rail vehicles, a use in particular being used in operative connection with air intake and / or air discharge openings of high-speed trains as a preferred application.
  • the functions of pressure protection and air volume are implemented by a common assembly that regulates the free flow cross-section of the air intake and / or air outlet openings depending on the operating conditions.
  • the device has a housing 2 that is designed to be pressure-tight against pressure surges up to a size of ⁇ 10 kPa.
  • the housing 2 is mounted on a base plate 1.
  • a recess 3 is configured on the housing 2 on the side face opposite to the base plate 1.
  • a flap element 4 is assigned to this recess 3.
  • the flap element 4 is supported on the two end sections of the axis 5 on the housing 2 via an axis 5 running parallel to its longitudinal direction. This takes place at one support point via a bearing point 6.
  • a drive assembly 7 is assigned to the axle 5.
  • This drive assembly 7 stands for an exact, repeatable positioning of the flap element 4 with an electrical one Drive 8 in operative connection in such a way that a closing process, starting from any position of the flap element 4, can be carried out within 50 ms. Accordingly, the flap element 4 can be pivoted along the axis 5, so that the recess 3 is opened or closed by the flap element 4.
  • the flap element 4 has a first flat section 41 on one side with respect to the axis 5 and a second flat section 42 on the other side, these sections 41 and 42 in different planes with respect to the axis 5 run away. It is provided that in the closed position ( Fig. 4 ) the lower section 41 rests on the underside of the contour of the pressure-tight housing 2 surrounding the recess 3. At the same time, the upper section 42 rests on the top of the contour of the pressure-tight housing 2 surrounding the recess 3.
  • Fig. 5 shows a modified embodiment in which the recess 3 comprises two separate partial recesses 31 and 32.
  • each partial recess 31 or 32 is in operative connection with an associated section 41 or 42 of the flap element 4.
  • the partial recesses 31 and 32 are according to Fig. 5 arranged parallel to each other in different planes.
  • these two partial recesses 31 and 32 can, however, also be arranged in the same plane.
  • right-angled or V-shaped arrangements of the flap plates with respect to one another are also possible, with the inflow and outflow openings being able to be arranged on different sides in such arrangements.
  • the electric drive 8 is controlled via an analog or digital input or via a BUS system in such a way that an absolute position determination with a diagnostic feedback can be carried out.
  • the electric drive 8 is connected to an adjusting element (e.g. return spring or super capacitor) which, when de-energized, sets a defined end position for the flap element 4.
  • an adjusting element e.g. return spring or super capacitor
  • the flap element 4 is preferably designed to be optimized for a small structural depth and low inertia. This can be realized, for example, in that the recess 3 or the recesses 31 and 32 on the housing 2 and the flap element 4, which interacts functionally with the recesses 3, 31, 32, each have a significantly greater length than width.
  • sensor assemblies can be arranged to record current local environmental conditions (air humidity, air speed, air volume flow, air temperature). The measured values recorded by the sensor assemblies are then evaluated by software implemented on the drive side in order to effect a direct air volume control.
  • sensor assemblies can also be provided in the inflow and / or outflow area of the base plate 1 in order to effect a direct air volume regulation on the basis of these measured values.
  • a further advantageous embodiment results if the mechanical interfaces of the flap element 4 are designed in such a way that a single flap element 4 or a plurality of separate flap elements 4 connected to one another can be brought into operative connection with a single drive assembly 7. In the case of a plurality of flap elements 4 connected to one another, their coupling takes place either in an axis and / or placed one above the other.
  • the drive element which sets a defined position for the flap element 4 in the event of pressure protection, can be actuated in such a way that, in the event of a prolonged pressure protection case, the smallest opening cross-sections in the air intake and exhaust openings (but within the scope of the pressure protection comfort) can be reached in short periods of time by slightly opening the flap element 4 are.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung für eine kombinierte Druckschutz- und Luftmengenregelung im Innenraum von Hochgeschwindigkeits-Schienenfahrzeugen, wobei die Funktionen Druckschutz und Luftmenge mit einer gemeinsamen Baugruppe realisiert werden, die in Abhängigkeit der Betriebsbedingungen den freien Strömungsquerschnitt von Luftansaug- und/oder Luftausblasöffnungen regelt.The present invention relates to a device for a combined pressure protection and air volume control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles, the functions of pressure protection and air volume being implemented with a common assembly that controls the free flow cross-section of air intake and / or air outlet openings depending on the operating conditions.

Für Hochgeschwindigkeitszüge müssen zahlreiche Aspekte beachtet werden, um Probleme durch die im Fahrbetrieb zwangsläufig auftretenden Druckstöße bzw. Druckschwankungen zu vermeiden. Dabei sind für konstruktive Komponenten der Schienenfahrzeuge wie Wagenkasten, Wagenübergang, Fahrzeugtür, Fenster und dergleichen bereits zahlreiche technische Lösungen verfügbar, mit denen eine weitgehend optimale Anpassung auf die jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen möglich ist. Hingegen ist die Anzahl geeigneter Lüftungs- und Klimatisierungssysteme deutlich geringer.For high-speed trains, numerous aspects must be taken into account in order to avoid problems caused by the pressure surges or pressure fluctuations that inevitably occur during operation. Numerous technical solutions are already available for structural components of rail vehicles such as car bodies, intercar connections, vehicle doors, windows and the like, with which a largely optimal adaptation to the respective operating conditions is possible. In contrast, the number of suitable ventilation and air conditioning systems is significantly lower.

Eine diesbezüglich einfache Variante besteht darin, beim Überschreiten vorab definierter Grenzwerte für den Druck die Lufteintrittsöffnungen mit Klappen oder Ventilen vollständig zu schließen. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass somit die Frischluftzufuhr in das Fahrzeug vollständig unterbrochen ist. Bei Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecken mit vielen Tunnelabschnitten oder häufigen Begegnungen mit einem Gegenzug wird somit die Luftqualität im Fahrgastraum erheblich beeinträchtigt. Deshalb werden zunehmend sog. Druckschutzsysteme verwendet, die sowohl einen wirksamen Druckschutz als auch eine ausreichend gute Luftqualität gewährleisten sollen.A simple variant in this regard consists in completely closing the air inlet openings with flaps or valves when predefined limit values for the pressure are exceeded. However, it is disadvantageous that the supply of fresh air to the vehicle is completely interrupted. On high-speed routes with many tunnel sections or frequent encounters with a return train, the air quality in the passenger compartment is therefore significantly impaired. For this reason, so-called pressure protection systems are increasingly being used, which are intended to ensure both effective pressure protection and sufficiently good air quality.

Gemäß DE 38 01 891 C1 werden hierfür konventionelle Lüfter mit einer Hochdruckcharakteristik ausgeführt, die auf der Frisch- und Abluftseite bezüglich ihrer Drehzahl aufeinander abgestimmt gesteuert werden. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die Druckänderungen im Fahrzeug die zulässigen Werte nicht überschreiten. Allerdings können Probleme auftreten, sofern die Stellgeschwindigkeit infolge der Trägheit der Lüfter nicht hoch genug ist, um die bei hohen Fahrgeschwindigkeiten schnell ablaufenden Druckänderungen auszusteuern. Weitere typische Nachteile dieser Bauart von Lüftern sind hohe Geräusche, kleine Luftmengen und ein hoher spezifischer Energieverbrauch, so dass derartige Lüfter nur in geringem Umfang eingesetzt werden.According to DE 38 01 891 C1 For this purpose, conventional fans are designed with a high pressure characteristic, which are controlled on the fresh and exhaust air side with respect to their speed. This ensures that the pressure changes in the vehicle do not exceed the permissible values. However, problems can arise if, due to the inertia of the fans, the actuating speed is not high enough to control the pressure changes that occur quickly at high driving speeds. Further typical disadvantages of this type of fan are high noise, small amounts of air and a high specific energy consumption, so that such fans are only used to a small extent.

In EP 0 579 536 A1 wird eine Ausregelung der Druckänderungen im Schienenfahrzeug durch eine Betätigung von Klappenstellgliedern auf der Frisch- und Abluftseite beschrieben. Somit werden die Nachteile von träge ansprechenden Lüftern vermieden.In EP 0 579 536 A1 a regulation of the pressure changes in the rail vehicle by actuating flap actuators on the fresh and exhaust air side is described. This avoids the disadvantages of sluggish fans.

Aus DE 10 2007 011 452 A1 ist es bekannt, die Druckschutz- und die Luftmengenregelung in einer gemeinsamen Luftkammer baulich zu integrieren. Hierbei sind das Druckschutzventil und die Luftmengenklappe strömungstechnisch nacheinander angeordnet. Trotz der somit benachbarten Anordnung werden für die Funktionen Druckschutz und Luftmengenregelung separate Komponenten verwendet. Hierfür werden überwiegend zwei getrennte Baugruppen vorgesehen, nämlich ein pneumatisch betriebenes Schnellschließelement und eine elektrisch angetriebene Regulierklappe.Out DE 10 2007 011 452 A1 it is known to structurally integrate the pressure protection and the air volume control in a common air chamber. Here, the pressure protection valve and the air volume flap are arranged one after the other in terms of flow. Despite the adjacent arrangement, separate components are used for the functions of pressure protection and air volume control. For this purpose, mainly two separate assemblies are provided, namely a pneumatically operated quick-closing element and an electrically operated regulating flap.

Hingegen werden diese beiden Funktionen nach DE 86 29 224 U1 von einer gemeinsamen Baugruppe realisiert. Hier steht ein Lüftungsgitter mit einer ersten Gruppe von lagefixierten Lamellen in V-Form mit einer zweiten Gruppe von ebenfalls V-förmigen und zusätzlich axial verlagerbaren Lamellen in Wirkverbindung. Durch eine Änderung der Relativposition zwischen den Lamellen beider Gruppen wird der freie Strömungsquerschnitt verändert, wobei dieser Effekt sowohl zur Luftmengenregelung als auch zum Druckschutz genutzt wird. Dieser Lösungsansatz zur Verwendung einer gemeinsamen Baugruppe für den Druckschutz und die Luftmengenregulierung hat allerdings den Nachteil, dass die Lamellen und deren Betätigungselemente einen großen Bauraum beanspruchen. Weiterhin ist nachteilig, dass eine Vielzahl von Bauteilen miteinander in Wirkverbindung stehen.In contrast, these two functions are after DE 86 29 224 U1 realized by a common assembly. Here is a ventilation grille with a first group of fixed position slats in V-shape with a second group of also V-shaped and additionally axially displaceable slats in operative connection. By changing the relative position between the lamellas of both groups, the free flow cross-section is changed, this effect being used both for air volume control and for pressure protection. However, this approach to using a common assembly for pressure protection and air volume regulation has the disadvantage that the slats and their actuating elements take up a large amount of space. Another disadvantage is that a large number of components are operatively connected to one another.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur kombinierten Druckschutz- und Luftmengenregelung im Innenraum von Hochgeschwindigkeits-Schienenfahrzeugen zu schaffen, die einen geringen Bauraum sowie eine geringe Anzahl separater Baugruppen erfordert und die auch bei hohen Fahrgeschwindigkeiten eine schnelle und funktionssichere Regelung gewährleistet.The object of the present invention is to create a device for combined pressure protection and air volume control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles, which requires little installation space and a small number of separate assemblies and which ensures fast and functionally reliable control even at high travel speeds.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den technischen Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Demzufolge weist die Vorrichtung ein gegen Druckschläge bis zu einer Größe von ± 10 kPa druckdichtes Gehäuse auf, das auf seiner der Grundfläche gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche mit einer Ausnehmung ausgestaltet ist, der ein Klappenelement zugeordnet ist. Das Klappenelement ist über eine parallel zu seiner Längsrichtung verlaufende Achse an beiden Endabschnitten der Achse am Gehäuse abgestützt und entlang dieser Achse derart schwenkbar angeordnet, dass die Ausnehmung ausgehend von jeder Position des Klappenelementes druckdicht verschließbar ist. Dabei ist dem Klappenelement eine Antriebsbaugruppe zugeordnet, die für eine exakte wiederholgenaue Positionierung des Klappenelementes mit einem elektrischen Antrieb derart in Wirkverbindung steht, dass ein Schließvorgang ausgehend von jeder Position des Klappenelementes innerhalb von ≤ 50 ms durchführbar ist. Der elektrische Antrieb ist mit einem Stellelement verbunden, das im stromlosen Zustand selbsttätig eine definierte Endposition für das Klappenelement einstellt. Dieses Stellelement kann als ein mechanisches (z.B. Rückstellfeder) oder elektrisches (z.B. Superkondensator) Element ausgeführt sein. Hierbei wird mit dem Begriff Superkondensator (teilweise auch als SuperCap / supercapacitors bezeichnet) ein Speicher für eine Notfall-Spannungsquelle für die Rückstellung über den Motor selbst in eine bestimmte Position bei Spannungsausfall bezeichnet. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen, deren technische Merkmale im Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert werden.This object is achieved with the technical features according to claim 1. Accordingly, the device has a housing which is pressure-tight against pressure shocks up to a size of ± 10 kPa and which is configured with a recess on its side face opposite the base area, to which a flap element is assigned. The flap element is supported at both end sections of the axis on the housing via an axis running parallel to its longitudinal direction and is arranged pivotably along this axis in such a way that the recess is pressure-tight from any position of the flap element is lockable. A drive assembly is assigned to the flap element, which is operatively connected to an electrical drive for precise, repeatable positioning of the flap element in such a way that a closing process can be carried out from any position of the flap element within ≤ 50 ms. The electric drive is connected to an adjusting element which, when de-energized, automatically sets a defined end position for the flap element. This adjusting element can be designed as a mechanical (for example return spring) or electrical (for example supercapacitor) element. The term supercapacitor (sometimes also referred to as SuperCap / supercapacitors ) denotes a memory for an emergency voltage source for resetting via the motor itself to a certain position in the event of a power failure. Further advantageous refinements are the subject of subclaims, the technical features of which are explained in more detail in the exemplary embodiment.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist vorzugsweise für Luftansaug- und Ausblasöffnungen in schnellfahrenden Reisezugwagen zum Schutz der Fahrgäste vor Druckwellen geeignet. Neben einer Druckschutzfunktion übernimmt diese Vorrichtung auch die Funktion der Regulierung benötigter Luftmengen, die zunächst als Außenluft in den Wagen einströmen und später als verbrauchte Luft den Wagen verlassen.The device according to the invention is preferably suitable for air intake and exhaust openings in fast-moving passenger coaches to protect passengers from pressure waves. In addition to a pressure protection function, this device also takes on the function of regulating the amount of air required, which initially flows into the car as outside air and later leaves the car as used air.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Vorrichtung besteht in der platz- und gewichtssparenden Vereinigung der Baugruppen zur Druckschutz- und Luftmengenregelung in Form eines spezifisch ausgestalteten Klappenelementes, das eine geometrisch freie Gestaltbarkeit als Schließelement unabhängig von anderen Bauteilen ermöglicht. Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich durch den ausschließlich elektrischen Betrieb unter Verzicht auf pneumatische Baugruppen. Der Entfall der bisher notwendigen pneumatischen Baugruppen ergibt dabei Kostenvorteile für die Herstellung von Reisezugwagen und Klimaanlagen insbesondere für den Hochgeschwindigkeitsbereich.A major advantage of this device is the space and weight-saving combination of the assemblies for pressure protection and air volume control in the form of a specifically designed flap element that allows a geometrically free design as a closing element independent of other components. Further advantages result from the exclusively electric operation without pneumatic assemblies. The elimination of the previously necessary pneumatic assemblies results in cost advantages for the manufacture of passenger coaches and air conditioning systems, especially for the high-speed range.

Der elektrische Antrieb ermöglicht es außerdem, geringe Schließzeiten und ausreichende Dichtkräfte zu realisieren. Die Steuerung des Antriebes gewährleistet hierbei eine exakte Klappenpositionierung mit einer hohen Wiederholgenauigkeit. Die Ansteuerung erfolgt wahlweise über einen analogen / digitalen Eingang oder über ein BUS-System, welches zusätzlich Rückmeldungen ermöglicht. Der Antrieb ist zur Gewährleistung einer definierten Endposition im stromlosen Zustand mit einem Stellelement verbunden, das je nach Anwendungsziel die offene oder geschlossene Position absichert.The electric drive also enables short closing times and sufficient sealing forces to be achieved. The control of the drive ensures exact positioning of the flap with a high level of repeatability. It is controlled either via an analogue / digital input or via a BUS system, which also enables feedback. In order to ensure a defined end position in the de-energized state, the drive is connected to an actuating element that secures the open or closed position depending on the application.

Das Klappenelement ist auf geringe Bautiefe optimiert, indem dieses schwenkbare Bauteil länglich ausgeführt ist, um bei gleichem Durchströmungsquerschnitt die notwendige Bauteilbreite - die beim Drehen des Klappenelementes in die geöffnete Stellung die Tiefe darstellt - reduzieren zu können.The flap element is optimized for a small overall depth by making this pivotable component elongated in order to achieve the necessary Component width - which represents the depth when turning the flap element into the open position - to be able to reduce.

Weiterhin sind die mechanischen Schnittstellen des Klappenelementes so gestaltet, dass diese einzeln oder auch mehrere miteinander verbunden mit einem Antrieb betrieben werden können. Dabei kann die Kopplung in einer Achse und/oder übereinander platziert erfolgen.Furthermore, the mechanical interfaces of the flap element are designed so that they can be operated individually or several connected to one another with a drive. The coupling can take place in one axis and / or placed one above the other.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Hinweis auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in perspektivischer Ansicht - OFFEN
Fig. 2
die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 im Querschnitt
Fig. 3
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in perspektivischer Ansicht - GESCHLOSSEN
Fig. 4
die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3 im Querschnitt
Fig. 5
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit modifizierten Ausnehmungen - OFFEN
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a device according to the invention in perspective view - OPEN
Fig. 2
the device according to Fig. 1 in cross section
Fig. 3
a device according to the invention in perspective view - CLOSED
Fig. 4
the device according to Fig. 3 in cross section
Fig. 5
a device according to the invention with modified recesses - OPEN

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Vorrichtung ist für eine kombinierte Druckschutz- und Luftmengenregelung im Innenraum von Schienenfahrzeugen konzipiert, wobei als eine bevorzugte Anwendung insbesondere eine Nutzung in Wirkverbindung mit Luftansaug- und/oder Luftausblasöffnungen von Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen zu nennen ist. Die Funktionen Druckschutz und Luftmenge werden durch eine gemeinsame Baugruppe realisiert, die in Abhängigkeit der Betriebsbedingungen den freien Strömungsquerschnitt der Luftansaug- und/oder Luftausblasöffnungen regelt.The device shown in the drawing is designed for a combined pressure protection and air volume control in the interior of rail vehicles, a use in particular being used in operative connection with air intake and / or air discharge openings of high-speed trains as a preferred application. The functions of pressure protection and air volume are implemented by a common assembly that regulates the free flow cross-section of the air intake and / or air outlet openings depending on the operating conditions.

Aus Fig. 1 und Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, dass die Vorrichtung ein Gehäuse 2 aufweist, dass gegen Druckschläge bis zu einer Größe von ± 10 kPa druckdicht ausgeführt ist. In einer für die Montage vorteilhaften Ausführung ist das Gehäuse 2 auf einer Grundplatte 1 montiert.Out Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 it can be seen that the device has a housing 2 that is designed to be pressure-tight against pressure surges up to a size of ± 10 kPa. In an embodiment that is advantageous for assembly, the housing 2 is mounted on a base plate 1.

Am Gehäuse 2 ist auf der zur Grundplatte 1 gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche eine Ausnehmung 3 ausgestaltet. Dieser Ausnehmung 3 ist ein Klappenelement 4 zugeordnet.A recess 3 is configured on the housing 2 on the side face opposite to the base plate 1. A flap element 4 is assigned to this recess 3.

Das Klappenelement 4 ist über eine parallel zu seiner Längsrichtung verlaufende Achse 5 an den beiden Endabschnitten der Achse 5 am Gehäuse 2 abgestützt. Dies erfolgt an dem einen Abstützpunkt über eine Lagerstelle 6. Am gegenüberliegenden Abstützpunkt ist der Achse 5 eine Antriebsbaugruppe 7 zugeordnet. Diese Antriebsbaugruppe 7 steht für eine exakte wiederholgenaue Positionierung des Klappenelementes 4 mit einem elektrischen Antrieb 8 derart in Wirkverbindung, dass ein Schließvorgang ausgehend von jeder Position des Klappenelementes 4 innerhalb von ≤ 50 ms durchführbar ist. Demzufolge kann das Klappenelement 4 entlang der Achse 5 geschwenkt werden, so dass die Ausnehmung 3 durch das Klappenelement 4 geöffnet oder verschlossen wird.The flap element 4 is supported on the two end sections of the axis 5 on the housing 2 via an axis 5 running parallel to its longitudinal direction. This takes place at one support point via a bearing point 6. At the opposite support point, a drive assembly 7 is assigned to the axle 5. This drive assembly 7 stands for an exact, repeatable positioning of the flap element 4 with an electrical one Drive 8 in operative connection in such a way that a closing process, starting from any position of the flap element 4, can be carried out within 50 ms. Accordingly, the flap element 4 can be pivoted along the axis 5, so that the recess 3 is opened or closed by the flap element 4.

Aus Fig. 2 und Fig. 4 ist insbesondere die Querschnittskontur des Klappenelementes 4 ersichtlich. Damit eine Druckdichtheit gewährleistet wird, weist das Klappenelement 4 bezogen auf die Achse 5 auf der einen Seite einen ersten flächigen Abschnitt 41 und auf der anderen Seite einen zweiten flächigen Abschnitt 42 auf, wobei diese Abschnitte 41 und 42 bezogen auf die Achse 5 in unterschiedlichen Ebenen verlaufen. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass in Schließstellung (Fig. 4) der untere Abschnitt 41 an der Unterseite der die Ausnehmung 3 umgebenden Kontur des druckdichten Gehäuses 2 anliegt. Gleichzeitig liegt der obere Abschnitt 42 auf der Oberseite der die Ausnehmung 3 umgebenden Kontur des druckdichten Gehäuses 2 auf.Out FIGS. 2 and 4 the cross-sectional contour of the flap element 4 can be seen in particular. In order to ensure pressure tightness, the flap element 4 has a first flat section 41 on one side with respect to the axis 5 and a second flat section 42 on the other side, these sections 41 and 42 in different planes with respect to the axis 5 run away. It is provided that in the closed position ( Fig. 4 ) the lower section 41 rests on the underside of the contour of the pressure-tight housing 2 surrounding the recess 3. At the same time, the upper section 42 rests on the top of the contour of the pressure-tight housing 2 surrounding the recess 3.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine modifizierte Ausführung, bei der die Ausnehmung 3 zwei separate Teilausnehmungen 31 und 32 umfasst. Hierbei steht jede Teilausnehmung 31 bzw. 32 mit einem zugeordneten Abschnitt 41 bzw. 42 des Klappenelementes 4 in Wirkverbindung. Die Teilausnehmungen 31 und 32 sind gemäß Fig. 5 parallel zueinander in unterschiedlichen Ebenen verlaufend angeordnet. Ebenso können diese beiden Teilausnehmungen 31 und 32 jedoch auch in derselben Ebene angeordnet werden. Weiterhin sind auch (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte) rechtwinklige oder V-förmige Anordnungen der Klappenbleche zueinander möglich, wobei bei derartigen Anordnungen die An- bzw. Abströmöffnungen an verschiedenen Seiten angeordnet sein können. Fig. 5 shows a modified embodiment in which the recess 3 comprises two separate partial recesses 31 and 32. Here, each partial recess 31 or 32 is in operative connection with an associated section 41 or 42 of the flap element 4. The partial recesses 31 and 32 are according to Fig. 5 arranged parallel to each other in different planes. Likewise, these two partial recesses 31 and 32 can, however, also be arranged in the same plane. Furthermore, right-angled or V-shaped arrangements of the flap plates with respect to one another (not shown in the drawing) are also possible, with the inflow and outflow openings being able to be arranged on different sides in such arrangements.

Für die Positionierung des Klappenelementes 4 wird der elektrische Antrieb 8 über einen analogen oder digitalen Eingang oder über ein BUS-System so angesteuert, dass eine absolute Positionsfeststellung mit einer Diagnoserückmeldung durchführbar ist.For the positioning of the flap element 4, the electric drive 8 is controlled via an analog or digital input or via a BUS system in such a way that an absolute position determination with a diagnostic feedback can be carried out.

Außerdem ist der elektrische Antrieb 8 mit einem Stellelement (z.B. Rückstellfeder oder Superkondensator) verbunden, das im stromlosen Zustand eine definierte Endposition für das Klappenelement 4 einstellt.In addition, the electric drive 8 is connected to an adjusting element (e.g. return spring or super capacitor) which, when de-energized, sets a defined end position for the flap element 4.

Das Klappenelement 4 ist vorzugsweise auf eine geringe Bautiefe und eine geringe Trägheit optimiert ausgebildet. Dies kann beispielsweise realisiert werden, indem die Ausnehmung 3 bzw. die Ausnehmungen 31 und 32 am Gehäuse 2 und das mit den Ausnehmungen 3, 31, 32 funktionell zusammenwirkende Klappenelement 4 jeweils eine wesentlich größere Länge als Breite aufweisen.The flap element 4 is preferably designed to be optimized for a small structural depth and low inertia. This can be realized, for example, in that the recess 3 or the recesses 31 and 32 on the housing 2 and the flap element 4, which interacts functionally with the recesses 3, 31, 32, each have a significantly greater length than width.

Die beschriebene Vorrichtung kann weiter ausgestaltet werden. So können beispielsweise im Anström- und/oder Abströmbereich der Ausnehmungen 3; 31; 32 Sensorikbaugruppen zur Erfassung von aktuellen örtlichen Umgebungsbedingungen (Luftfeuchte, Luftgeschwindigkeit, Luftvolumenstrom, Lufttemperatur) angeordnet werden. Die von den Sensorikbaugruppen erfassten Messwerte werden dann durch eine antriebsseitig implementierte Software ausgewertet, um eine direkte Luftmengenregelung zu bewirken. Ebenso können solche Sensorikbaugruppen im Anström- und/oder im Abströmbereich der Grundplatte 1 vorgesehen werden, um auf Grundlage dieser Messwerte eine direkte Luftmengenregelung zu bewirken.The device described can be further developed. For example, in the inflow and / or outflow area of the recesses 3; 31; 32 sensor assemblies can be arranged to record current local environmental conditions (air humidity, air speed, air volume flow, air temperature). The measured values recorded by the sensor assemblies are then evaluated by software implemented on the drive side in order to effect a direct air volume control. Such sensor assemblies can also be provided in the inflow and / or outflow area of the base plate 1 in order to effect a direct air volume regulation on the basis of these measured values.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ergibt sich, sofern die mechanischen Schnittstellen des Klappenelementes 4 so ausgestaltet werden, dass ein einzelnes Klappenelement 4 oder auch eine Mehrzahl von miteinander verbundenen separaten Klappenelementen 4 mit einer einzigen Antriebsbaugruppe 7 in Wirkverbindung gebracht werden können. Dabei erfolgt bei einer Mehrzahl miteinander verbundener Klappenelemente 4 deren Kopplung entweder in einer Achse und/oder übereinander platziert.A further advantageous embodiment results if the mechanical interfaces of the flap element 4 are designed in such a way that a single flap element 4 or a plurality of separate flap elements 4 connected to one another can be brought into operative connection with a single drive assembly 7. In the case of a plurality of flap elements 4 connected to one another, their coupling takes place either in an axis and / or placed one above the other.

Das Antriebselement, das im Druckschutzfall eine definierte Position für das Klappenelement 4 einstellt, ist derart betätigbar, dass bei einem langanhaltenden Druckschutzfall in kurzen Zeitabschnitten durch geringfügiges Öffnen des Klappenelementes 4 gezielt kleinste Öffnungsquerschnitte in den Luftansaug- und Luftausblasöffnungen (aber im Rahmen des Druckschutzkomforts) erreichbar sind.The drive element, which sets a defined position for the flap element 4 in the event of pressure protection, can be actuated in such a way that, in the event of a prolonged pressure protection case, the smallest opening cross-sections in the air intake and exhaust openings (but within the scope of the pressure protection comfort) can be reached in short periods of time by slightly opening the flap element 4 are.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
GrundplatteBase plate
22
druckdichtes Gehäusepressure-tight housing
33
Ausnehmung am GehäuseRecess on the housing
3131
erste Teilausnehmung am Gehäusefirst partial recess on the housing
3232
zweite Teilausnehmung am Gehäusesecond partial recess on the housing
44th
KlappenelementFlap element
4141
erster Flächenabschnitt am Klappenelementfirst surface section on the flap element
4242
zweiter Flächenabschnitt am Klappenelementsecond surface section on the flap element
55
Achseaxis
66th
LagerstelleDepository
77th
AntriebsbaugruppeDrive assembly
88th
elektrischer Antriebelectric drive

Claims (13)

  1. A device for combined pressure protection and air flow control in the interior of highspeed rail vehicles, wherein the pressure protection and air volume functions are implemented with a common assembly which regulates the free flow cross-section of air intake and/or exhaust openings, depending on the specific operating conditions, wherein the device has a housing which is pressure-tight (2) against pressure surges up to a magnitude of ± 10 kPa, the housing having a recess (3) on its surface located opposite the base surface, to which functionally a flap element (4) is associated, wherein the flap element (4) is supported via an axis (5) extending parallel to its longitudinal direction at both end sections of the axis (5) on the housing (2) and pivotably arranged along this axis (5), such that the recess can be closed pressure-tight from any position of the flap element (4), wherein a drive assembly (7) is associated with the flap element (4), which is operatively connected to an electric drive (8) for exact repeatable positioning of the flap element (4), such that a closing process starting from any position of the flap element (4) can be performed within ≤ 50 ms and wherein the drive (8) is connected to a mechanical or electrical actuator, which automatically sets a defined end position for the flap element (4) in its de-energized state, characterized in that the flap element (4) has a first areal section on the one side with respect to the axis (5) extending in the longitudinal direction and a second areal section (42) on the other side, wherein the sections (41; 42) are arranged to extend in mutually different planes relative to the axis (5) and wherein the areal sections (41; 42) are configured such that the lower section (41) in the closed position rests against the bottom side of the contour of the pressure-tight housing (2) surrounding the recess (3) and the upper section (42) in the closed position rests on the top side of the contour of the pressure-tight housing (2) surrounding the recess (3).
  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (3) comprises two separate partial recesses (31; 32), wherein each partial recess (31; 32) is operatively connected to an associated section (41; 42) of the flap element (4).
  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the two partial recesses (31; 32) are arranged to extend parallel to each other in different planes.
  4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the separate sections of the flap element (4) are arranged at a right angle or in a V-shape to each other.
  5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that inlet and outlet openings are arranged on different sides in sections of the flap element (4) that are arranged at an angle or in a V-shape to each other.
  6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical drive (8) is controlled for positioning the flap element (4) via an analog or digital input or via a bus system, such that absolute position determination with a diagnostic feedback can be performed.
  7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator, which in its de-energized state sets a defined end position for the flap element (4), is configured as a return spring.
  8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator, which in its de-energized state sets a defined end position for the flap element (4), is configured as a separate emergency voltage source of the electric drive using a supercapacitor.
  9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive element which in the case of pressure protection sets a defined position for the flap element (4) can be operated such that, in a long-lasting pressure protection case, smallest opening cross sections in the air intake and outlet openings can be achieved in a targeted manner in short time intervals by slightly opening the flap element (4).
  10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises a base plate (1) on which the pressure-tight housing (2) is mounted.
  11. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that sensor assemblies are arranged in the inlet and/or outlet area of the recesses (3; 31; 32) for detecting local environmental conditions (humidity, air speed, volumetric air flow, air temperature), wherein the measured values detected by the sensor assemblies are analyzed by a software implemented on the drive side to effect direct air flow control.
  12. The device according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that sensor assemblies are arranged in the inlet and/or outlet area of the base plate (1) for detecting local environmental conditions (humidity, air speed, volumetric air flow, air temperature), wherein the measured values detected by the sensor assemblies are analyzed by a software implemented on the drive side to effect direct air flow control.
  13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical interfaces of the flap element (4) are designed so that a single flap element (4) or a plurality of interconnected separate flap elements (4) can be brought into operative connection with a single drive assembly (7), wherein, in the case of a plurality of interconnected separate flap elements (4), these are coupled along an axis and/or one above the other.
EP15790822.9A 2014-09-15 2015-09-09 Device for combined pressure-protection and air-flow control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles Active EP3194234B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202014104358.6U DE202014104358U1 (en) 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 Device for combined pressure protection and air volume control in the interior of rail vehicles
PCT/DE2015/100386 WO2016041549A1 (en) 2014-09-15 2015-09-09 Device for combined pressure-protection and air-flow control in the interior of high-speed rail vehicles

Publications (2)

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EP3194234A1 EP3194234A1 (en) 2017-07-26
EP3194234B1 true EP3194234B1 (en) 2020-10-28

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EP (1) EP3194234B1 (en)
CN (1) CN107074251B (en)
DE (3) DE202014104358U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2844228T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2016041549A1 (en)

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DE102015122748A1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Pressure protection device for a railway vehicle, method for bringing about pressure equalization and rail vehicle with pressure protection device

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US20140199933A1 (en) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg Würzburg Vehicle ventilation module and device

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DE8629224U1 (de) 1986-11-03 1986-12-18 Krapf & Lex, 8480 Weiden Lüftungsgitter mit Lamellenverstelleinrichtung
DE3801891C1 (en) 1988-01-23 1989-09-07 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8012 Ottobrunn, De
FR2693698B1 (en) 1992-07-16 1994-08-19 Alsthom Gec Device for suppressing sudden variations in pressure in vehicles, in particular in land vehicles.
DE4238942C1 (en) * 1992-11-19 1994-01-05 Luwa Fahrzeugklimatech Gmbh Quick-closing valve for arrangement at intake and exhaust openings of ventilation systems
FR2723713B1 (en) * 1994-08-17 1996-09-27 Faiveley Transport SHUTTERING COMPONENT WITH AN AIR CIRCUIT FOR RAILWAY VEHICLES
FR2793205B1 (en) * 1999-05-06 2001-08-10 Soprano PROTECTION AGAINST PRESSURE WAVES IN PERSONAL TRANSPORT VEHICLES
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DE202010014870U1 (en) * 2010-11-02 2011-01-13 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Flow channel for an air conditioner
US20140199933A1 (en) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg Würzburg Vehicle ventilation module and device

Also Published As

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ES2844228T3 (en) 2021-07-21
DE202014104358U1 (en) 2014-12-12
EP3194234A1 (en) 2017-07-26
WO2016041549A1 (en) 2016-03-24
CN107074251A (en) 2017-08-18
DE202015104774U1 (en) 2015-10-09
CN107074251B (en) 2019-12-17
DE112015004197A5 (en) 2017-06-14

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