EP3172365B1 - Combing machine - Google Patents

Combing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3172365B1
EP3172365B1 EP15738482.7A EP15738482A EP3172365B1 EP 3172365 B1 EP3172365 B1 EP 3172365B1 EP 15738482 A EP15738482 A EP 15738482A EP 3172365 B1 EP3172365 B1 EP 3172365B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combing
fiber material
area
gripper plate
combing machine
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EP15738482.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3172365A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Bommer
Ueli Stutz
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Publication of EP3172365A1 publication Critical patent/EP3172365A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G19/00—Combing machines
    • D01G19/06—Details
    • D01G19/14—Drawing-off and delivery apparatus
    • D01G19/16—Nipper mechanisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G19/00—Combing machines
    • D01G19/06—Details
    • D01G19/08—Feeding apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G19/00—Combing machines
    • D01G19/06—Details
    • D01G19/26—Driving arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combing machine with at least one combing unit for combing out fiber material fed to the combing unit in a conveying direction according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such combing machines are e.g. B. from the EP-1449944 A1 known.
  • the fiber material presented to the combing machine is fed to a pliers unit of a respective combing unit (also called a combing head).
  • the end (fiber beard) of the fiber material protruding from the closed pliers unit is combed out via a combing segment of a circular comb which is rotatably mounted below the pliers unit.
  • a tear-off device in the example shown by tear-off rollers
  • a fiber package is pulled out of the combed-out fiber beard and soldered to an already formed fleece.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a device on a comber which overcomes the disadvantages of the known prior art and to provide good accessibility to the pliers unit and to the combing cylinder attached below the pliers unit.
  • This object is achieved in that it is proposed that - as seen against the direction of conveyance of the fiber material - a rear guide surface adjoins an insertion surface to the feed trough, the insertion surface and the rear guide surface forming an obtuse angle ⁇ and - seen in the direction of conveyance of the fiber material - the rear guide surface sloping with respect to a horizontal plane E at an angle ⁇ ⁇ 35 °.
  • the accessibility to the pliers unit in short: pliers
  • the visual observation of the material flow are made easier considerably improved within the pliers by an operator standing in front of the comber.
  • the proposed inclined alignment of the lower pliers plate improves the accessibility to a combing cylinder (circular comb) which is rotatably mounted below the pliers from the rear of the combing machine.
  • the angle ⁇ can preferably be between 40 ° and 60 °.
  • the front guide surface - viewed in the direction of conveyance of the fiber material and in relation to a horizontal plane - runs at an angle ⁇ ⁇ 55 ° .
  • This angle ⁇ can preferably be between 60 ° and 80 °.
  • the lower pliers plate have at least one contact surface on its underside, which is opposite the rear guide surface and above which the lower pliers plate is attached to a carrier of the combing unit.
  • the lower tongs plate on its underside, starting from its front end, have an arcuate, concave partial section, which lies opposite the front guide surface and the feed trough.
  • a partial region of the combing cylinder attached below the pliers advantageously projects into this arcuate, concave section. This makes it possible to make the distance between the enveloping circle of the combing segment of the combing cylinder and the pliers lip of the lower pliers plate as small as possible. This distance can be between 0.3 mm and 1.0 mm. As a result, the fiber beard protruding from the closed pliers is almost completely gripped by the combing segment of the combing cylinder during the combing process.
  • At least one guide web running in the conveying direction of the fiber material is provided on the rear guide surface of the lower pliers plate within the width of the supplied fiber material, which divides the supplied fiber material into at least two partial flows.
  • the at least one guide web extends into the area of the feed area (ZF).
  • At least one web projecting beyond this area is also provided on the feed surface.
  • the feed surface For the safe feeding of the fiber material onto the feed surface, it is proposed that - viewed in the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material - the feed surface is preceded by a pair of rollers for feeding the fiber material. Through this pair of rollers, the respective fiber material strand can already be given a rectangular cross-sectional shape, which is desired for the subsequent combing process.
  • the lower pliers plate - viewed transversely to the conveying direction of the fiber material - in each case, in the area of its side edges ,
  • the upper side of the lower pliers plate has a projecting web which extends at least partially over the length of the feed surface and the rear guide surface.
  • the lower pliers plate can be made of die-cast aluminum.
  • Fig. 1 shows an already known embodiment of a combing machine 1, wherein a longitudinal part LT, which extends between a drive unit A and a belt storage BA, has a longitudinal beam 8, on which a plurality of combing units X1 to X16 arranged next to one another are fastened.
  • These combing units generally have a smaller dimension than the combing heads of conventional combing machines, especially since they are loaded with only two fiber changes Z, which are drawn off from cans F2 to Fx placed below the longitudinal beam 8.
  • the combing units X1 to X16 with a width C are arranged directly next to one another and screwed to the support 8, as shown in FIG DE-102006026841 A1 can be seen.
  • the combing units X1 to X16 each have a housing which is provided with corresponding bearing points in order to support the drive shafts which are driven by the drive unit A.
  • the fiber belts B formed on the individual combing units are placed on a conveyor table FB (for example a driven conveyor belt) and fed to a subsequent drafting unit S lying side by side in a transport direction D.
  • the fiber material warped in the drafting device S is then combined to form a sliver after the drafting device and then fed to a pair of calender rolls KW via schematically illustrated transport devices. This transfers the sliver to a subsequent hopper wheel TR, via which the sliver is placed in a can K in a loop.
  • FIG. 1 The exemplary embodiment described below is an exemplary embodiment ( Fig. 2 - Fig. 4 ) shown, which has a simple and inexpensive structure and is easy to assemble.
  • Fig. 2 A longitudinal part LT of a combing machine 1 is shown, the drive unit A adjoining this longitudinal part laterally being only indicated schematically.
  • a subsequent belt deposit BA with a drafting unit S is only indicated schematically.
  • known designs see Fig. 1
  • the longitudinal part LT in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 consists of a longitudinal beam 7, which is attached to frame elements RE by means of schematically shown screws R at both ends. It is at a distance FA from the floor O.
  • the two frame elements RE are each provided with two height-adjustable feet 20 on their undersides provided, over which they are supported on the floor O. With the adjustable feet, the longitudinal part can be compensated for in terms of the ground conditions.
  • a suction channel 17 is attached below the longitudinal beam 7, which (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 ) protrudes into openings 23 of the frame elements RE and is fastened there (not shown).
  • spaced suction ports (smaller suction channels) 17a lead, which lead to the respective combing unit X1 - X8, in which the components combed out during the combing process (combs, dirt, nits, etc.) are sucked off by the suction ports 17a and the suction channel 17 be fed.
  • the suction channel 17 which is connected to a vacuum source, not shown, the extracted components are fed, for example, to a central disposal device.
  • combing unit is to be understood as a device for combing out a fiber mass with subsequent banding of the combed fiber mass.
  • a device for combing out a fiber mass with subsequent banding of the combed fiber mass.
  • such a device consists of the following individual components such as pliers unit, round comb, fixed comb, tear-off cylinder or a tear-off roller (Heilmann principle) interacting with the round comb with a subsequent soldering device (e.g. a sieve drum) and a fleece assembly with band formation.
  • a plurality G of frame signs RS are attached to the longitudinal beam 7 at a distance G, which extend vertically upwards.
  • the longitudinal member 7 has a U-shaped longitudinal profile U with a bottom wall U1.
  • a side wall SW adjoins the longitudinal profile U, which extends vertically upwards in the mounted position.
  • a lower part of the respective frame plate RS comes to rest on the longitudinal member 7. That is, the frame plate RS lies with one side on the side wall SW and with its base GF on the longitudinal profile U on.
  • 7 holes 21 are provided in the area of the system from the respective frame plate RS to the longitudinal beam, through which screws R protrude through.
  • the threaded part projects into threaded bores (indicated schematically) on the frame plate, with which the frame plate RS is firmly connected to the longitudinal member 7.
  • the respective frame plate RS is thus positioned exactly on the desired position on the side member.
  • a cross bar QS is provided between two adjacent frame plates RS, which has a length that corresponds to the distance G.
  • the frame plates RS are mounted on the side member 7 at a precise distance, seen in the vertical direction.
  • the side plate can be provided with corresponding stops or depressions, via which the respective cross piece QS is positioned on the frame plates RS.
  • the individual side plates SE are provided with a plurality of bearing receptacles 14 in order to receive and store longitudinal shafts (for example the round comb shaft 15 or the shaft of the brush roller 13). These longitudinal shafts are driven by drive elements which are located in drive unit A.
  • Fig. 5 enlarged partial view of Fig.
  • a lower pliers plate 2 of a pliers assembly 10 (abbreviated to "pliers") is attached to the cross bars QS.
  • the lower pliers plate 2 has on its underside a support surface AF with which it rests on an upper surface OF of the crossbar QS.
  • the respective cross bar QS is arranged at an angle k with respect to a horizontal plane E.
  • one or more spacer plates 25 can be provided between the surface OF of the cross piece QS and the contact surface AF of the lower pliers plate 2 will.
  • the lower pliers plate is positioned exactly in its longitudinal direction (corresponding to the direction of conveyance F) on the cross bar QS by means of two cylindrical pins (not shown).
  • the recess V in the support surface AF supports the positioning of the pliers plate during assembly.
  • screws M are also provided, which, as shown schematically, protrude through through holes DB of the cross bar QS and protrude into threaded holes GB of the lower pliers plate 2. If spacer plates 25 are used, they must also be provided with corresponding through holes for the screws M.
  • the lower pliers plate has an arcuate, concave section 35 on its underside following the pliers lip 5, into which the combing cylinder 11 projects with its enveloping circle HK.
  • the lower tong plate 2 which lies opposite the arcuate section 35, it has, starting from its front tong lip 5, an obliquely rising front guide surface VF, to which (seen against the conveying direction F) a feed trough 19 connects.
  • the front guide surface VF is inclined in the installed position of the lower pliers plate 2 and counter to the conveying direction F with respect to a horizontal plane E at an angle ⁇ 55 55 °.
  • the angle ⁇ can preferably be between 60 ° and 80 °.
  • lateral guides 44, 45 are attached above the front guide surface VF at a distance d ( Fig. 6 ).
  • These guides 44, 45 can - seen in the conveying direction F - be provided with feed surfaces which run at an angle n and which narrow the width of the fiber material again when it is passed between the guides before it reaches the clamping point at the pliers lip 5. This ensures that the fiber material Z is available with a constant constant width for the subsequent combing process.
  • a feed cylinder 9 rotatably mounted within the tongs 10 projects into the feed trough 19 and is driven step by step by a drive (not shown in more detail).
  • the fiber material Z (for example in the form of fiber strips) fed to the pliers 10 via a pair of rollers 28 upstream of the pliers is guided in a first section on an upper feed surface ZF of the lower pliers plate 2.
  • This feed surface ZF runs approximately horizontally and forms an obtuse angle ⁇ with a (in the conveying direction F) subsequent, on the upper side of the lower tong plate 2, the rear guide surface HF, on which the fiber material Z is guided further in the direction of the following feed trough 19.
  • the rear guide surface HF is arranged to decrease by an angle ⁇ 35 35 ° with respect to a horizontal plane E.
  • This angle ⁇ can preferably be between 40 ° and 60 °.
  • the lower tong plate 2 has an insertion surface EF which forms an obtuse angle ⁇ with the rear feed surface HF. Due to the proposed oblique arrangement of the lower pliers plate 2, in particular the rear guide surface HF, the material flow within the pliers 10 can be monitored visually by an operator. The accessibility to the lower pliers plate 2 is also improved in order to be able to carry out corresponding service work.
  • Fig. 6 a plan view H (according to Fig. 5 ) shown on the lower pliers plate 2.
  • webs 40, 41 are provided, which extend over the feed surface ZF, the rear guide surface HF and partly over the insertion surface EF.
  • These webs 40, 41 serve on the one hand for lateral guidance of the fiber material Z moving on the upper side of the lower pliers plate, which in the example shown is in the form of two fiber tapes Z and on the other hand to increase the strength of the lower pliers plate 2.
  • the guide surfaces 42, 43 of the webs 40, 41 are in their end regions immediately adjacent to the feed trough 19, each with an inwardly inclined surface at an angle I. Mistake.
  • This continuous narrowing of the lateral guide surfaces 42, 43 of the webs 40, 41 the fiber material is gently brought together to a predetermined width. This ensures that a fiber material with a constant width is fed to the downstream feed cylinder.
  • a guide web 38 is located centrally above the feed area ZF attached, which partially protrudes into the subsequent rear guide surface HF.
  • the two fiber slivers Z fed in with a width c are brought together to form a closed fiber material flow only in a region of the insertion surface EF, shortly before the fiber material is gripped by the feed cylinder 9.
  • Threaded holes GB through which the pliers plate 2 is fastened by means of screws M on the cross bar QS.
  • a pivotable frame 4 (or swivel arms) is attached, which carries an upper pliers plate 3, which together with the lower pliers plate 2 can form a clamping point in the area of the front pliers lip 5, as shown in the present view of FIG Fig. 5 can be seen.
  • the frame 4 is pivotally mounted about an axis 6 attached to the frame plates RS by means not shown (see double arrow).
  • the fiber beard FS projecting beyond the clamping point is combed out by a combing segment 29 of a combing cylinder 11.
  • the fiber beard FS represents the free end of a fiber material, which in the form of one or more fiber tapes Z, which are withdrawn from cans KV, are fed to the clamping point of the tongs under the action of the feed cylinder 9.
  • a tear-off segment 30 which cooperates with an adjustable tear-off roller 12 when the combed end of the fiber beard FS is torn off.
  • the drawn-off fiber bundles are then brought together (soldered) on a subsequent sieve drum 16 and formed into a fiber band B on a unit 26 (with fleece funnel and calender rolls).
  • a detailed description of such a device can e.g. B. also from the EP-2 350 361 A1 be removed.
  • the sliver B formed in this way is placed on a conveyor table FB ( Fig. 4 ), on which it is transferred to a subsequent drafting unit S with further, adjacent fiber slivers of adjacent combing units.
  • the conveyor table FB can consist of a driven conveyor belt.
  • the fiber sliver formed on the drafting unit S is fed to a storage device (sliver storage BA), via which it is deposited in a loop in cans K.
  • a brush roller 13 is arranged below the combing cylinder and is mounted in bearing units which are integrated in the frame plates RS.
  • cross struts 18 are attached within the U-shaped longitudinal profile U.
  • the mutually adjacent cross struts 18 each run at an opposite angle b to a horizontal plane, which results in a honeycomb structure of the stiffeners, seen over the length of the U-profile.
  • the individual stiffeners - seen transversely to the longitudinal direction of the side member - extend approximately over the height of the free legs of the U-section U.

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kämmmaschine mit wenigstens einem Kämmaggregat zum Auskämmen von, dem Kämmaggregat in einer Förderrichtung zugeführten Fasermaterial nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a combing machine with at least one combing unit for combing out fiber material fed to the combing unit in a conveying direction according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Derartige Kämmmaschinen sind z. B. aus der EP-1449944 A1 bekannt. Dabei wird das der Kämmmaschine vorgelegte Fasermaterial einem Zangenaggregat eines jeweiligen Kämmaggregates (auch Kämmkopf genannt) zugeführt. Das, aus dem geschlossenen Zangenaggregat herausragenden Ende (Faserbart) des Fasermaterials wird über ein Kämmsegment eines unterhalb des Zangenaggregates drehbar gelagerten Rundkammes ausgekämmt. Über eine Abreissvorrichtung (im gezeigten Beispiel durch Abreisswalzen) wird ein Faserpaket aus dem ausgekämmten Faserbart abgezogen und mit einem bereits gebildeten Vlies verlötet. Durch die in der EP'944 gezeigte, im Wesentlichen horizontal ausgerichtete untere Zangenplatte des Zangenaggregates ist die Zugänglichkeit für Wartungsarbeiten im Bereich des Zangenaggregates und für den unterhalb des Zangenaggregates drehbar gelagerten Rundkammes (bzw. Kämmzylinder) erschwert. Dieser Umstand wird noch verstärkt, wenn es sich um eine Vorrichtung handelt, welche nach dem "Heilmannprinzip" arbeitet, wobei die untere Zangenplatte des Zangenaggregates fest mit dem Maschinenrahmen verbunden ist und somit unbeweglich gelagert ist. Eine derartige Ausführung wird z. B. in der veröffentlichten WO 2012/097461 A1 gezeigt. In dieser Ausführung sind der Speisezylinder, der Fixkamm, sowie die Belastungseinrichtung für die obere Zangenplatte an einem hochschwenkbaren Rahmen angebracht, um die Zugänglichkeit zur unteren, feststehenden Zangenplatte zu verbessern. Die Zugänglichkeit von der hinteren Seite der Kämmmaschine zum Rundkamm (z. B. für Reinigungs- und Montagearbeiten) dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist jedoch nicht einfach. Ausserdem ist die visuelle Überwachung des innerhalb des Zangenaggregates verlaufenden Materialstromes beim Vorbeilaufen durch die Bedienungsperson nicht optimal gelöst.
Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Vorrichtung an einer Kämmmaschine vorzuschlagen, welche die Nachteile des bekannten Standes der Technik beseitigt und eine gute Zugänglichkeit zum Zangenaggregat und zum unterhalb des Zangenaggregates angebrachten Kämmzylinder zu schaffen.Such combing machines are e.g. B. from the EP-1449944 A1 known. The fiber material presented to the combing machine is fed to a pliers unit of a respective combing unit (also called a combing head). The end (fiber beard) of the fiber material protruding from the closed pliers unit is combed out via a combing segment of a circular comb which is rotatably mounted below the pliers unit. Using a tear-off device (in the example shown by tear-off rollers), a fiber package is pulled out of the combed-out fiber beard and soldered to an already formed fleece. The essentially horizontally aligned lower pliers plate of the pliers unit shown in EP'944 makes access for maintenance work in the area of the pliers unit and for the round comb (or combing cylinder) rotatably mounted below the pliers unit difficult. This fact is exacerbated if the device is based on the "Heilmann principle", the lower pliers plate of the pliers unit being firmly connected to the machine frame and thus being immovably mounted. Such an embodiment is such. B. in the published WO 2012/097461 A1 shown. In this version, the feed cylinder, the fixed comb, and the loading device for the upper tong plate are attached to a swiveling frame in order to improve accessibility to the lower, stationary tong plate. However, the accessibility from the rear of the comber to the round comb (e.g. for cleaning and assembly work) of this known device is not easy. In addition, the visual monitoring of the material flow running inside the tongs unit is not optimally solved by the operator as it passes.
The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a device on a comber which overcomes the disadvantages of the known prior art and to provide good accessibility to the pliers unit and to the combing cylinder attached below the pliers unit.

Diese Aufgabe wird damit gelöst, indem vorgeschlagen wird, dass - entgegen der Förderrichtung des Fasermaterials gesehen - an eine Einführfläche zur Speisemulde eine hintere Führungsfläche angrenzt, wobei die Einführfläche und die hintere Führungsfläche einen stumpfen Winkel β bilden und - in Förderrichtung des Fasermaterials gesehen - die hintere Führungsfläche in Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene E unter einem Winkel α ≥ 35° abfallend verläuft.
Insbesondere durch die entsprechende Ausbildung der unteren Zangenplatte, wobei die Zuführung des Fasermaterials über die hintere Führungsfläche erfolgt, welche in Förderrichtung unter einem Winkel α von ≥ 35° abfallend verläuft, wird die Zugänglichkeit zum Zangenaggregat (kurz: Zange) und die visuelle Beobachtung des Materialstromes innerhalb der Zange durch eine vor der Kämmmaschine stehende Bedienungsperson erheblich verbessert. Gleichzeitig wird durch die vorgeschlagene schräge Ausrichtung der unteren Zangenplatte die Zugänglichkeit zu einem unterhalb der Zange drehbar gelagerten Kämmzylinder (Rundkamm) von der Rückseite der Kämmmaschine aus verbessert. Vorzugsweise kann der Winkel α zwischen 40° und 60° betragen.This object is achieved in that it is proposed that - as seen against the direction of conveyance of the fiber material - a rear guide surface adjoins an insertion surface to the feed trough, the insertion surface and the rear guide surface forming an obtuse angle β and - seen in the direction of conveyance of the fiber material - the rear guide surface sloping with respect to a horizontal plane E at an angle α ≥ 35 °.
In particular, through the appropriate design of the lower pliers plate, with the fiber material being fed via the rear guide surface, which slopes in the conveying direction at an angle α of ≥ 35 °, the accessibility to the pliers unit (in short: pliers) and the visual observation of the material flow are made easier considerably improved within the pliers by an operator standing in front of the comber. At the same time, the proposed inclined alignment of the lower pliers plate improves the accessibility to a combing cylinder (circular comb) which is rotatably mounted below the pliers from the rear of the combing machine. The angle α can preferably be between 40 ° and 60 °.

Um die Zugänglichkeit der Zange auch in ihrem Bereich zwischen der Speisemulde und einer vorderen Zangenlippe zu verbessern, wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass die vordere Führungsfläche - in Förderrichtung des Fasermaterials und in Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene gesehen - unter einem Winkel δ ≥ 55° abfallend verläuft. Dieser Winkel δ kann vorzugsweise zwischen 60° und 80° betragen.
Zur exakten Fixierung und einfachen Befestigung der unteren Zangenplatte der Zange am Maschinenrahmen (bei einer Ausführung nach dem Heilmann-Prinzip mit einer feststehenden unteren Zangenplatte) wird vorgeschlagen, dass die untere Zangenplatte auf ihrer Unterseite wenigstens eine Auflagefläche aufweist, welche der hinteren Führungsfläche gegenüberliegt und über welche die untere Zangenplatte auf einem Träger des Kämmaggregates befestigt ist.
Um den Abstand zwischen der Zangenlippe der unteren Zangenplatte und einem Hüllkreis des, unter der Zange angebrachten Kämmzylinders exakt und einfach einstellen zu können wird vorgeschlagen, zwischen der Auflagefläche der unteren Zangenplatte und dem Träger wenigstens ein Distanzelement anzubringen. Dabei können verschiedene (z. B. farblich gekennzeichnete) Distanzelemente mit unterschiedlichen Dickenabmessungen zum Einsatz kommen. Es können auch mehrere Distanzelemente mit gleicher Dicke miteinander kumuliert werden.
Mit diesen Distanzelementen können auch vorhandene Toleranzen ausgeglichen oder die Auskämmung resp. die Kämmqualität beeinflusst werden.In order to improve the accessibility of the tongs in their area between the feed trough and a front tongs lip, it is further proposed that the front guide surface - viewed in the direction of conveyance of the fiber material and in relation to a horizontal plane - runs at an angle δ ≥ 55 ° . This angle δ can preferably be between 60 ° and 80 °.
For exact fixing and simple attachment of the lower pliers plate of the pliers to the machine frame (in a version based on the Heilmann principle with a fixed lower pliers plate), it is proposed that the lower pliers plate have at least one contact surface on its underside, which is opposite the rear guide surface and above which the lower pliers plate is attached to a carrier of the combing unit.
Adjust the distance between the pliers lip of the lower pliers plate and an enveloping circle of the comb cylinder attached under the pliers precisely and easily To be able to propose to attach at least one spacer between the support surface of the lower pliers plate and the carrier. Different (e.g. color-coded) spacer elements with different thickness dimensions can be used. Several spacer elements with the same thickness can also be cumulated with one another.
With these spacer elements, existing tolerances can also be compensated or combing out. the quality of the comb can be influenced.

Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, dass die untere Zangenplatte auf ihrer Unterseite, ausgehend von ihrem vorderen Ende, einen bogenförmigen, konkav verlaufenden Teilabschnitt aufweist, welcher der vorderen Führungsfläche und der Speisemulde gegenüberliegt. In diesen bogenförmigen, konkav verlaufenden Teilabschnitt ragt vorteilhafterweise ein Teilbereich des unterhalb der Zange angebrachten Kämmzylinders hinein. Dadurch ist es möglich den Abstand zwischen dem Hüllkreis des Kämmsegmentes des Kämmzylinders und der Zangenlippe der unteren Zangenplatte so gering wie möglich auszubilden. Dieser Abstand kann zwischen 0,3mm und 1,0 mm betragen.
Daraus resultiert, dass der aus der geschlossenen Zange herausragende Faserbart beim Kämmvorgang fast vollständig durch das Kämmsegment des Kämmzylinders erfasst wird.Furthermore, it is proposed that the lower tongs plate, on its underside, starting from its front end, have an arcuate, concave partial section, which lies opposite the front guide surface and the feed trough. A partial region of the combing cylinder attached below the pliers advantageously projects into this arcuate, concave section. This makes it possible to make the distance between the enveloping circle of the combing segment of the combing cylinder and the pliers lip of the lower pliers plate as small as possible. This distance can be between 0.3 mm and 1.0 mm.
As a result, the fiber beard protruding from the closed pliers is almost completely gripped by the combing segment of the combing cylinder during the combing process.

Vorteilhafterweise wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass auf der hinteren Führungsfläche der unteren Zangenplatte innerhalb der Breite des zugeführten Fasermaterials wenigstens ein, in Förderrichtung des Fasermaterials verlaufender Führungssteg vorgesehen ist, welcher das zugeführte Fasermaterial in wenigstens zwei Teilströme aufteilt.
Damit wird sichergestellt, dass das, z. B. aus zwei Lieferstellen zugeführte Fasermaterial (z. B. in Form von Faserbändern) sich nicht gegenseitig negativ beeinflusst, bevor es in einem gesamten Fasermaterialverbund dem Speisezylinder zugeführt wird.
Ein negativer Einfluss könnte z. B. dadurch entstehen, wenn sich zwei aus unterschiedlichen Lieferquellen zugeführte Fasermaterialstränge aneinander reiben und somit Randfasern aus dem Faserverbund lösen können.
Zur besseren Überführung des Fasermaterial von einer Lieferquelle (z. B. von einer Kanne) auf die hintere Führungsfläche der unteren Zangenplatte der Zange wird vorgeschlagen, dass - in Förderrichtung des Fasermaterials gesehen - die untere Zangenplatte eine Zuführfläche aufweist, an welche die hintere Führungsfläche anschliesst und mit dieser einen stumpfen Winkel γ bildet. Damit ist es möglich das Fasermaterial (z.B. als Faserband) in einer etwa horizontalen Ebene der Zange zuzuführen, obwohl die untere Zangenplatte der Zange im Wesentlichen unter einem Winkel zur Horizontalen ausgerichtet ist.
Um eine gegenseitige negative Beeinflussung der zugeführten Materialströme bereits im Bereich der Zuführfläche zu unterbinden, wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass sich der wenigstens eine Führungssteg in den Bereich der Zuführfläche (ZF) erstreckt. D.h. auch auf der Zuführfläche ist wenigstens ein, diese Fläche überragender Steg vorgesehen. Zur sicheren Aufgabe des Fasermaterials auf die Zuführfläche wird vorgeschlagen, dass - in Förderrichtung (F) des Fasermaterials gesehen - der Zuführfläche ein Walzenpaar für die Zuführung des Fasermaterials vorgelagert ist. Durch dieses Walzenpaar kann dem jeweiligen Fasermaterialstrang bereits schon eine rechteckförmige Querschnittsform verliehen werden, welche für den nachfolgenden Kämmvorgang erwünscht ist.Advantageously, it is further proposed that at least one guide web running in the conveying direction of the fiber material is provided on the rear guide surface of the lower pliers plate within the width of the supplied fiber material, which divides the supplied fiber material into at least two partial flows.
This ensures that, for. B. from two delivery points supplied fiber material (z. B. in the form of fiber tapes) do not affect each other negatively before it is fed to the feed cylinder in an entire fiber material composite.
A negative influence could e.g. B. arise when two fiber material strands supplied from different supply sources rub against each other and can thus detach edge fibers from the fiber composite.
For better transfer of the fiber material from a supply source (e.g. from a can) to the rear guide surface of the lower pliers plate of the pliers, it is proposed that that - seen in the conveying direction of the fiber material - the lower pliers plate has a feed surface to which the rear guide surface connects and forms an obtuse angle γ with it. This makes it possible to feed the fiber material (for example as a sliver) to the pliers in an approximately horizontal plane, although the lower pliers plate of the pliers is oriented essentially at an angle to the horizontal.
In order to prevent a mutual negative influence of the supplied material flows in the area of the feed area, it is further proposed that the at least one guide web extends into the area of the feed area (ZF). In other words, at least one web projecting beyond this area is also provided on the feed surface. For the safe feeding of the fiber material onto the feed surface, it is proposed that - viewed in the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material - the feed surface is preceded by a pair of rollers for feeding the fiber material. Through this pair of rollers, the respective fiber material strand can already be given a rectangular cross-sectional shape, which is desired for the subsequent combing process.

Um einerseits den Materialstrom auf beiden Seiten der unteren Zangenplatte bis zur Abgabe an den Speisezylinder zu führen und andererseits die Festigkeit der Zangenplatte zu erhöhen, wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass die untere Zangenplatte - quer zur Förderrichtung des Fasermaterials gesehen - jeweils ein, im Bereich ihrer Seitenränder, die Oberseite der unteren Zangenplatte überragender Steg aufweist, welcher sich zumindest teilweise über die Länge der Zuführfläche und der hinteren Führungsfläche erstrecken.
Die untere Zangenplatte kann dabei aus einem Alu-Druckguss hergestellt sein.In order to lead the material flow on both sides of the lower pliers plate to the delivery to the feed cylinder and on the other hand to increase the strength of the pliers plate, it is further proposed that the lower pliers plate - viewed transversely to the conveying direction of the fiber material - in each case, in the area of its side edges , The upper side of the lower pliers plate has a projecting web which extends at least partially over the length of the feed surface and the rear guide surface.
The lower pliers plate can be made of die-cast aluminum.

Um das, z. B. von zwei Lieferstellen zugeführte Fasermaterial auf eine gewünschte Breite für den nachfolgenden Verarbeitungsprozess zusammenzuführen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass die, sich einander gegenüberstehenden Führungsflächen der Stege in ihren unmittelbar an die Speisemulde angrenzenden Endbereichen jeweils über einen Teilbereich - in Längsrichtung der Stege gesehen - unter einem Winkel verlaufen, derart, so dass sich der lichte Abstand zwischen den Führungsflächen in Richtung zur Speisemulde stetig verringert. Durch die damit, in Förderrichtung des Fasermaterials gesehen, vorhandene kontinuierliche Verengung der seitlichen Führung der Stege wird das Fasermaterial schonend auf eine vorbestimmte Breite zusammengeführt. Damit wird gewährleistet, dass dem nachfolgenden Speisezylinder ein Fasermaterial mit einer konstant gleichbleibenden Breite zugeführt wird.
Damit die Fasermasse auch mit einer gleichbleibenden konstanten Breite zur nachfolgenden Klemmstelle im Bereich der vorderen Zangenlippe der unteren Zangenplatte zugeführt wird, wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass oberhalb der vorderen Führungsfläche zwei, einen Abstand zueinander aufweisende Führungen angebracht sind. Diese Seitenführungen für das Fasermaterial können zusätzlich mit, unter einem Wickel angeordneten Führungsabschnitten versehen sein, über welche die Breite der Fasermasse nochmals auf eine vorbestimmte Breite zusammengeführt wird, bevor es für den Kämmvorgang geklemmt wird. Bei dieser Zusammenführung können auch noch abstehende Randfasern mit eingebunden werden.To do this, e.g. B. to bring together fiber material supplied by two delivery points to a desired width for the subsequent processing process, it is proposed that the mutually opposing guide surfaces of the webs in their end regions directly adjacent to the feed trough each have a sub-area - seen in the longitudinal direction of the webs - under one Angles run in such a way that the clear distance between the guide surfaces in the direction of Feed trough steadily reduced. As a result, as seen in the conveying direction of the fiber material, there is a continuous narrowing of the lateral guidance of the webs, and the fiber material is gently brought together to a predetermined width. This ensures that a fiber material with a constant width is fed to the downstream feed cylinder.
So that the fiber mass is also supplied with a constant constant width to the subsequent clamping point in the area of the front pliers lip of the lower pliers plate, it is further proposed that two guides spaced apart from one another are attached above the front guide surface. These side guides for the fiber material can additionally be provided with guide sections arranged under a winding, via which the width of the fiber mass is brought together again to a predetermined width before it is clamped for the combing process. In this combination, protruding edge fibers can also be integrated.

Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand nachfolgender Ausführungsbeispiele näher aufgezeigt und beschrieben.Further advantages of the invention are shown and described in more detail using the following exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen:

Fig.1
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer bekannten Kämmmaschine mit mehreren Kämmaggregaten
Fig.2
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform nach Fig.1
Fig.3
eine schematische Seitenansicht X nach Fig.2
Fig.4
eine vergrösserte Darstellung nach Fig.3 mit dem erfindungsgemäss ausgebildeten Zangenaggregat
Fig.5
eine vergrösserte Darstellung nach Fig.4
Fig.6
eine Draufsicht H nach Fig.5 der unteren Zangenplatte
Show it:
Fig. 1
is a schematic side view of a known combing machine with several combing units
Fig. 2
is a schematic side view of an embodiment Fig. 1
Fig. 3
a schematic side view X after Fig. 2
Fig. 4
an enlarged view after Fig. 3 with the pliers unit designed according to the invention
Fig. 5
an enlarged view after Fig. 4
Fig. 6
a top view H to Fig. 5 the lower pliers plate

Fig. 1 zeigt eine bereits bekannte Ausführung einer Kämmmaschine 1, wobei ein Längsteil LT, der sich zwischen einer Antriebseinheit A und einer Bandablage BA erstreckt, einen Längsträger 8 aufweist, auf welchem eine Vielzahl von nebeneinander angeordneten Kämmaggregaten X1 bis X16 befestigt sind. Diese Kämmaggregate haben in der Regel eine kleinere Dimension als die Kämmköpfe herkömmlicher Kämmmaschinen, zumal diese hierbei mit nur zwei Faserändern Z beschickt werden, die aus unterhalb des Längsträgers 8 abgestellten Kannen F2 bis Fx abgezogen werden.
Die Kämmaggregate X1 bis X16 mit einer Breite C sind direkt nebeneinander angeordnet und am Träger 8 verschraubt, wie aus der Fig.8 der Veröffentlichung der DE-102006026841 A1 zu entnehmen ist. Die Kämmaggregate X1 bis X16 weisen jeweils ein Gehäuse auf, welches mit entsprechenden Lagerstellen versehen ist, um die Antriebswellen zu lagern, die von der Antriebeinheit A angetrieben werden.
Die an den einzelnen Kämmaggregaten gebildeten Faserbänder B werden auf einem Fördertisch FB (z. B. einem angetriebenen Förderband) abgelegt und in einer Transportrichtung D nebeneinanderliegend einem nachfolgenden Streckwerk S zugeführt. Das im Streckwerk S verzogene Fasergut wird im Anschluss an das Streckwerk zu einem Faserband zusammengefasst dann über schematisch dargestellte Transporteinrichtungen einem Kalanderwalzenpaar KW zugeführt. Dieses überführt das Faserband an ein nachfolgendes Trichterrad TR, über welches das Faserband in eine Kanne K schlaufenförmig abgelegt wird. Bei dieser Ausführung ist ein Freiraum FR unterhalb den Gehäusen der Kämmaggregate X1 bis X16 mit einem Abstand FA zum Boden O. Dieser Freiraum gestattet eine gute Zugänglichkeit zu den Kämmaggregaten. Fig. 1 shows an already known embodiment of a combing machine 1, wherein a longitudinal part LT, which extends between a drive unit A and a belt storage BA, has a longitudinal beam 8, on which a plurality of combing units X1 to X16 arranged next to one another are fastened. These combing units generally have a smaller dimension than the combing heads of conventional combing machines, especially since they are loaded with only two fiber changes Z, which are drawn off from cans F2 to Fx placed below the longitudinal beam 8.
The combing units X1 to X16 with a width C are arranged directly next to one another and screwed to the support 8, as shown in FIG DE-102006026841 A1 can be seen. The combing units X1 to X16 each have a housing which is provided with corresponding bearing points in order to support the drive shafts which are driven by the drive unit A.
The fiber belts B formed on the individual combing units are placed on a conveyor table FB (for example a driven conveyor belt) and fed to a subsequent drafting unit S lying side by side in a transport direction D. The fiber material warped in the drafting device S is then combined to form a sliver after the drafting device and then fed to a pair of calender rolls KW via schematically illustrated transport devices. This transfers the sliver to a subsequent hopper wheel TR, via which the sliver is placed in a can K in a loop. In this version there is a free space FR below the housings of the combing units X1 to X16 with a distance FA to the floor O. This free space allows good access to the combing units.

Ausgehend von dem in Fig.1 beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel wird nachfolgend ein Ausführungsbeispiel (Fig.2 - Fig.4) gezeigt, welches einen einfachen und kostengünstigen Aufbau aufweist und leicht zu montieren ist.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig.2 wird ein Längsteil LT einer Kämmmaschine 1 gezeigt, wobei die seitlich an diesen Längsteil anschliessende Antriebseinheit A nur schematisch angedeutet ist. Ebenso ist auch eine nachfolgende Bandablage BA mit einer Streckwerkseinheit S nur schematisch angedeutet. Diese können wie bei bekannten Ausführungen (siehe Fig.1) ausgeführt sein.Starting from the in Fig. 1 The exemplary embodiment described below is an exemplary embodiment ( Fig. 2 - Fig. 4 ) shown, which has a simple and inexpensive structure and is easy to assemble.
In the embodiment of the Fig. 2 A longitudinal part LT of a combing machine 1 is shown, the drive unit A adjoining this longitudinal part laterally being only indicated schematically. Likewise, a subsequent belt deposit BA with a drafting unit S is only indicated schematically. As with known designs (see Fig. 1 ) be executed.

Der Längsteil LT in Fig.2 und Fig.3 besteht aus einem Längsträger 7, welcher an Rahmenelementen RE über schematisch gezeigte Schrauben R an seinen beiden Enden befestigt ist. Er weist dabei einen Abstand FA zum Boden O auf. Die beiden Rahmenelemente RE sind an ihren Unterseiten jeweils mit zwei höhen verstellbaren Füssen 20 versehen, über welche sie sich auf dem Boden O abstützen. Über die verstellbaren Füsse kann der Längsteil in Bezug auf die Bodenbeschaffenheit ausgeglichen werden.The longitudinal part LT in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 consists of a longitudinal beam 7, which is attached to frame elements RE by means of schematically shown screws R at both ends. It is at a distance FA from the floor O. The two frame elements RE are each provided with two height-adjustable feet 20 on their undersides provided, over which they are supported on the floor O. With the adjustable feet, the longitudinal part can be compensated for in terms of the ground conditions.

Unterhalb des Längsträgers 7 ist ein Saugkanal 17 angebracht, welcher (siehe Fig.2 und Fig.3) in Öffnungen 23 der Rahmenelemente RE hineinragt und dort befestigt (nicht gezeigt) wird. In den Saugkanal 17 münden im Abstand zueinander angeordnete Saugstutzen (kleinere Saugkanäle) 17a, welche zum jeweiligen Kämmaggregat X1 - X8 führen, bei welchem die beim Kämmprozess ausgekämmten Bestandteile (Kämmlinge, Verschmutzungen, Nissen usw.) von den Saugstutzen 17a abgesaugt und dem Saugkanal 17 zugeführt werden. Über den Saugkanal 17, der mit einer nicht gezeigten Unterdruckquelle in Verbindung steht, werden die abgesaugten Bestandteile z.B. einer zentralen Entsorgungseinrichtung zugeführt.
Unter dem Begriff eines "Kämmaggregates" ist eine Vorrichtung zum Auskämmen einer Fasermasse mit anschliessender Bandbildung der ausgekämmten Fasermasse zu verstehen. In der Regel besteht eine solche Vorrichtung aus folgenden einzelnen Komponenten wie Zangenaggregat, Rundkamm, Fixkamm, Abreisszylinder oder einer, mit dem Rundkamm zusammenwirkende Abreisswalze (Heilmann Prinzip) mit einer anschliessender Lötvorrichtung (z. B. einer Siebtrommel) und einer Vlieszusammenführung mit Bandbildung.
Aus Fig.2 ist zu entnehmen, dass auf dem Längsträger 7 in einem Abstand G eine Vielzahl von Rahmenschildern RS befestigt sind, die sich vertikal nach oben erstrecken. Wie aus der Seitenansicht X der Fig.2 in Fig.3 und der vergrösserten Teilansicht der
Fig.4 zu entnehmen, weist der Längsträger 7 ein U-förmiges Längsprofil U mit einer Bodenwandung U1 auf. In Verlängerung der Bodenwandung U1 schliesst sich an das Längsprofil U eine Seitenwand SW an, die sich in der montierten Stellung vertikal nach oben erstreckt.
In dem damit ergebenden Freiraum 22 zwischen dem einen Schenkel des Längsprofiles U und der Seitenwand W kommt ein unterer Teil des jeweiligen Rahmenschildes RS zur Anlage an dem Längsträger 7. D.h., das Rahmenschild RS liegt mit einer Seite auf der Seitenwand SW und mit seiner Grundfläche GF auf dem Längsprofil U auf. Wie schematisch angedeutet (Fig.4), sind in dem Bereich der Anlage von dem jeweiligen Rahmenschild RS an den Längsträger 7 Bohrungen 21 vorgesehen, durch welche Schrauben R hindurchragen. Der Gewindeteil (nicht gezeigt) ragt nach der Montage in Gewindebohrungen (schematisch angedeutet) des Rahmenschildes, womit das Rahmenschild RS fest mit dem Längsträger 7 verbunden ist. Damit ist das jeweilige Rahmenschild RS exakt auf der gewünschten Position am Längsträger positioniert.
Zusätzlich und in einem Abstand zum Längsträger 7 ist jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Rahmenschilder RS ein Quer Steg QS vorgesehen, welcher eine Länge aufweist, die dem Abstand G entspricht. Die Rahmenschilder RS sind dadurch in vertikaler Richtung gesehen in exaktem Abstand auf dem Längsträger 7 angebracht. Wie schematisch in Fig.4 und 5 angedeutet, weisen die Querstege an ihren jeweiligen Enden, mit welchen sie an dem jeweiligen Rahmenschild RS anliegen, seitlich abstehende Laschen auf, über welche sie mittels Befestigungsmitteln (z. B. Schrauben) P an dem Seitenschild SE befestigt sind. Das Seitenschild kann mit entsprechenden Anschlägen oder Vertiefungen versehen sein, über welche der jeweilige Quer Steg QS am Rahmenschilde RS positioniert ist.
Die einzelnen Seitenschilder SE sind mit mehreren Lageraufnahmen 14 versehen um Längswellen (z.B. die Rundkammwelle 15 oder die Welle der Bürstenwalze 13) aufzunehmen und zu lagern. Diese Längswellen werden von Antriebselementen angetrieben, welche sich in der Antriebseinheit A befinden.
Wie insbesondere aus der Fig.5 (vergrösserte Teilansicht von Fig.4) zu entnehmen, ist auf den Quer Stegen QS jeweils eine untere Zangenplatte 2 eines Zangenaggregates 10 (kurz "Zange" genannt) befestigt. Die untere Zangenplatte 2 weist auf ihrer Unterseite eine Auflagefläche AF auf, mit welcher sie auf einer oberen Fläche OF des Quer Steges QS aufliegt. Der jeweilige Quer Steg QS ist unter einem Winkel k in Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene E angeordnet. Zur Einstellung des Abstandes a zwischen einer vorderen Zangenlippe 5 und dem Hüllkreis HK eines Kämmsegmentes 29 eines unterhalb der Zange 10 drehbar gelagerten Kämmzylinders 11, kann eine oder mehrere Distanzplatten 25 zwischen der Oberfläche OF des Quer Steges QS und der Auflagefläche AF der unteren Zangenplatte 2 vorgesehen werden. Dies kann bei der Montage unter Verwendung von Einstell-Lehren erfolgen. Die untere Zangenplatte wird mittels zweier Zylinderstifte (nicht gezeigt) exakt in ihrer Längsrichtung (entsprechend der Förderrichtung F) auf dem Quer-Steg QS positioniert. Die Vertiefung V in der Auflagenfläche AF unterstützt die Positionierung der Zangenplatte bei der Montage. Zur Befestigung der unteren Zangenplatte 2 auf dem Quer Steg QS sind ausserdem Schrauben M vorgesehen, welche, wie schematisch gezeigt, durch Durchgangsbohrungen DB des Quer Steges QS ragen und in Gewindebohrungen GB der unteren Zangenplatte 2 hineinragen. Sofern Distanzplatten 25 zum Einsatz kommen, müssen diese ebenfalls mit entsprechenden Durchgangsbohrungen für die Schrauben M versehen sein.
Damit der Abstand a zwischen dem Hüllkreis HK des Kämmsegmentes 29 des Kämmzylinders 11 und der Zangenlippe 5 der unteren Zangenplatte 2 möglichst klein gehalten werden kann, weist die untere Zangenplatte auf ihrer Unterseite im Anschluss an die Zangenlippe 5 einen bogenförmigen, konkav verlaufenden Teilabschnitt 35 auf, in welchen der Kämmzylinder 11 mit seinem Hüllkreis HK hineinragt.
Auf der oberen Seite der unteren Zangenplatte 2, welche dem bogenförmigen Teilabschnitt 35 gegenüberliegt weist sie, ausgehend von ihrer vorderen Zangenlippe 5, eine schräg ansteigende vordere Führungsfläche VF auf, an welche (entgegen der Förderrichtung F gesehen) eine Speisemulde 19 anschliesst. Die vordere Führungsfläche VF ist in der eingebauten Lage der unteren Zangenplatte 2 und entgegen der Förderrichtung F in Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene E unter einem Winkel δ ≥ 55° geneigt. Vorzugsweise kann der Winkel δ zwischen 60° und 80° betragen.
Um das, aus der Speisemulde 19 der vorderen Zangenlippe 5 zugeführte Fasermaterial Z in einer gewünschten Breite zu halten, sind oberhalb der vorderen Führungsfläche VF in einem Abstand d seitliche Führungen 44, 45 angebracht (Fig.6). Diese Führungen 44, 45 können - in Förderrichtung F gesehen - mit, unter einem Winkel n verlaufende Zuführflächen versehen sein, welche das Fasermaterial bei der Durchführung zwischen den Führungen nochmals in ihrer Breite verengen, bevor es zur Klemmstelle bei der Zangenlippe 5 gelangt. Damit wird sichergestellt, dass das Fasermaterial Z mit gleichbleibender konstanter Breite für den nachfolgenden Auskämmprozess vorliegt.A suction channel 17 is attached below the longitudinal beam 7, which (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 ) protrudes into openings 23 of the frame elements RE and is fastened there (not shown). In the suction channel 17, spaced suction ports (smaller suction channels) 17a lead, which lead to the respective combing unit X1 - X8, in which the components combed out during the combing process (combs, dirt, nits, etc.) are sucked off by the suction ports 17a and the suction channel 17 be fed. Via the suction channel 17, which is connected to a vacuum source, not shown, the extracted components are fed, for example, to a central disposal device.
The term "combing unit" is to be understood as a device for combing out a fiber mass with subsequent banding of the combed fiber mass. As a rule, such a device consists of the following individual components such as pliers unit, round comb, fixed comb, tear-off cylinder or a tear-off roller (Heilmann principle) interacting with the round comb with a subsequent soldering device (e.g. a sieve drum) and a fleece assembly with band formation.
Out Fig. 2 it can be seen that a plurality G of frame signs RS are attached to the longitudinal beam 7 at a distance G, which extend vertically upwards. As seen from the side view X of the Fig. 2 in Fig. 3 and the enlarged partial view of the
Fig. 4 can be seen, the longitudinal member 7 has a U-shaped longitudinal profile U with a bottom wall U1. In extension of the bottom wall U1, a side wall SW adjoins the longitudinal profile U, which extends vertically upwards in the mounted position.
In the resulting free space 22 between the one leg of the longitudinal profile U and the side wall W, a lower part of the respective frame plate RS comes to rest on the longitudinal member 7. That is, the frame plate RS lies with one side on the side wall SW and with its base GF on the longitudinal profile U on. As indicated schematically ( Fig. 4 ), 7 holes 21 are provided in the area of the system from the respective frame plate RS to the longitudinal beam, through which screws R protrude through. After assembly, the threaded part (not shown) projects into threaded bores (indicated schematically) on the frame plate, with which the frame plate RS is firmly connected to the longitudinal member 7. The respective frame plate RS is thus positioned exactly on the desired position on the side member.
In addition and at a distance from the longitudinal beam 7, a cross bar QS is provided between two adjacent frame plates RS, which has a length that corresponds to the distance G. As a result, the frame plates RS are mounted on the side member 7 at a precise distance, seen in the vertical direction. As schematically in Fig. 4 and 5 indicated, the crossbars at their respective ends, with which they rest on the respective frame plate RS, have laterally projecting tabs, by means of which they are fastened to the side plate SE by means of fastening means (for example screws) P. The side plate can be provided with corresponding stops or depressions, via which the respective cross piece QS is positioned on the frame plates RS.
The individual side plates SE are provided with a plurality of bearing receptacles 14 in order to receive and store longitudinal shafts (for example the round comb shaft 15 or the shaft of the brush roller 13). These longitudinal shafts are driven by drive elements which are located in drive unit A.
As especially from the Fig. 5 (enlarged partial view of Fig. 4 ), a lower pliers plate 2 of a pliers assembly 10 (abbreviated to "pliers") is attached to the cross bars QS. The lower pliers plate 2 has on its underside a support surface AF with which it rests on an upper surface OF of the crossbar QS. The respective cross bar QS is arranged at an angle k with respect to a horizontal plane E. To set the distance a between a front pliers lip 5 and the enveloping circle HK of a comb segment 29 of a combing cylinder 11 rotatably mounted below the pliers 10, one or more spacer plates 25 can be provided between the surface OF of the cross piece QS and the contact surface AF of the lower pliers plate 2 will. This can be done during assembly using setting gauges. The lower pliers plate is positioned exactly in its longitudinal direction (corresponding to the direction of conveyance F) on the cross bar QS by means of two cylindrical pins (not shown). The recess V in the support surface AF supports the positioning of the pliers plate during assembly. To attach the lower pliers plate 2 on the cross bar QS screws M are also provided, which, as shown schematically, protrude through through holes DB of the cross bar QS and protrude into threaded holes GB of the lower pliers plate 2. If spacer plates 25 are used, they must also be provided with corresponding through holes for the screws M.
So that the distance a between the enveloping circle HK of the combing segment 29 of the combing cylinder 11 and the pliers lip 5 of the lower pliers plate 2 can be kept as small as possible, the lower pliers plate has an arcuate, concave section 35 on its underside following the pliers lip 5, into which the combing cylinder 11 projects with its enveloping circle HK.
On the upper side of the lower tong plate 2, which lies opposite the arcuate section 35, it has, starting from its front tong lip 5, an obliquely rising front guide surface VF, to which (seen against the conveying direction F) a feed trough 19 connects. The front guide surface VF is inclined in the installed position of the lower pliers plate 2 and counter to the conveying direction F with respect to a horizontal plane E at an angle δ 55 55 °. The angle δ can preferably be between 60 ° and 80 °.
In order to keep the fiber material Z fed from the feed trough 19 of the front tong 5 in a desired width, lateral guides 44, 45 are attached above the front guide surface VF at a distance d ( Fig. 6 ). These guides 44, 45 can - seen in the conveying direction F - be provided with feed surfaces which run at an angle n and which narrow the width of the fiber material again when it is passed between the guides before it reaches the clamping point at the pliers lip 5. This ensures that the fiber material Z is available with a constant constant width for the subsequent combing process.

In die Speisemulde 19 ragt ein innerhalb der Zange 10 drehbar gelagerter Speisezylinder 9, welcher durch einen nicht näher gezeigten Antrieb schrittweise angetrieben wird. Das der Zange 10 über ein, der Zange vorgelagertes Walzenpaar 28 zugeführte Fasergut Z (z. B. in Form von Faserbändern) wird in einem ersten Abschnitt auf einer oberen Zuführfläche ZF der unteren Zangenplatte 2 geführt. Diese Zuführfläche ZF verläuft annähernd horizontal und bildet einen stumpfen Winkel γ mit einer (in Förderrichtung F) nachfolgenden, auf der Oberseite der unteren Zangenplatte 2 befindlichen hinteren Führungsfläche HF, auf welcher das Fasermaterial Z weiter in Richtung der nachfolgenden Speisemulde 19 geführt wird. In Förderrichtung F gesehen, ist die hintere Führungsfläche HF um einen Winkel α ≥ 35° in Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene E abfallend angeordnet. Vorzugsweise kann dieser Winkel α zwischen 40° und 60° betragen. Zwischen der Speisemulde 19 und der hinteren Führungsfläche HF weist die untere Zangenplatte 2 eine Einführfläche EF auf, welche mit der hinteren Zuführfläche HF einen stumpfen Winkel β bildet.
Durch die vorgeschlagene schräge Anordnung der unteren Zangenplatte 2, insbesondere der hinteren Führungsfläche HF, kann der Materialfluss innerhalb der Zange 10 von einer Bedienungsperson visuell gut überwacht werden. Auch wird die Zugänglichkeit zur unteren Zangenplatte 2 verbessert, um entsprechende Servicearbeiten durchführen zu können. Gleichzeitig wird durch die vorgeschlagene Schräglage der unteren Zangenplatte 2 auch der Zugang zu dem unterhalb der Zange 10 angebrachten Kämmzylinder 11 und der Bürstenwalze 13 von der hinteren Seite der Kämmmaschine aus vereinfacht.
In Fig.6 wird eine Draufsicht H (nach Fig.5) auf die untere Zangenplatte 2 gezeigt. In den jeweiligen Randbereichen der unteren Zangenplatte 2 sind Stege 40, 41 vorgesehen, welche sich über die Zuführfläche ZF, die hintere Führungsfläche HF und teilweise über die Einführfläche EF erstrecken. Diese Stege 40, 41 dienen einerseits zur seitlichen Führung des auf der oberen Seite der unteren Zangenplatte bewegten Fasermaterials Z, das im gezeigten Beispiel in Form von zwei Faserbändern Z vorliegt und andererseits zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit der unteren Zangenplatte 2. Diese kann z. B. aus einem Alu-Druckguss hergestellt sein.
Um das, z. B. von zwei Lieferstellen zugeführte Fasermaterial Z auf eine gewünschte Breite für den nachfolgenden Verarbeitungsprozess zusammenzuführen, sind die Führungsflächen 42, 43 der Stege 40, 41 in ihren unmittelbar an die Speisemulde 19 angrenzenden Endbereichen jeweils mit einer nach innen, um einen Winkel I geneigten Fläche versehen. Damit entsteht - in Förderrichtung F des Fasermaterials gesehen - eine Verengung der seitlichen Führung durch die Stege 40, 41. D.h., der lichte Abstand zwischen den Führungsflächen 42, 43 wird in Förderrichtung F stetig verringert. Durch diese kontinuierliche Verengung der seitlichen Führungsflächen 42, 43 der Stege 40, 41 wird das Fasermaterial schonend auf eine vorbestimmte Breite zusammengeführt. Damit wird gewährleistet, dass dem nachfolgenden Speisezylinder ein Fasermaterial mit einer konstant gleichbleibenden Breite zugeführt wird.A feed cylinder 9 rotatably mounted within the tongs 10 projects into the feed trough 19 and is driven step by step by a drive (not shown in more detail). The fiber material Z (for example in the form of fiber strips) fed to the pliers 10 via a pair of rollers 28 upstream of the pliers is guided in a first section on an upper feed surface ZF of the lower pliers plate 2. This feed surface ZF runs approximately horizontally and forms an obtuse angle γ with a (in the conveying direction F) subsequent, on the upper side of the lower tong plate 2, the rear guide surface HF, on which the fiber material Z is guided further in the direction of the following feed trough 19. As seen in the direction of conveyance F, the rear guide surface HF is arranged to decrease by an angle α 35 35 ° with respect to a horizontal plane E. This angle α can preferably be between 40 ° and 60 °. Between the feed trough 19 and the rear guide surface HF, the lower tong plate 2 has an insertion surface EF which forms an obtuse angle β with the rear feed surface HF.
Due to the proposed oblique arrangement of the lower pliers plate 2, in particular the rear guide surface HF, the material flow within the pliers 10 can be monitored visually by an operator. The accessibility to the lower pliers plate 2 is also improved in order to be able to carry out corresponding service work. At the same time, the proposed inclined position of the lower pliers plate 2 also simplifies access to the combing cylinder 11 and the brush roller 13 attached below the pliers 10 from the rear side of the combing machine.
In Fig. 6 a plan view H (according to Fig. 5 ) shown on the lower pliers plate 2. In the respective edge areas of the lower pliers plate 2, webs 40, 41 are provided, which extend over the feed surface ZF, the rear guide surface HF and partly over the insertion surface EF. These webs 40, 41 serve on the one hand for lateral guidance of the fiber material Z moving on the upper side of the lower pliers plate, which in the example shown is in the form of two fiber tapes Z and on the other hand to increase the strength of the lower pliers plate 2. This can, for. B. be made of die-cast aluminum.
To do this, e.g. B. from two delivery points supplied fiber material Z to a desired width for the subsequent processing process, the guide surfaces 42, 43 of the webs 40, 41 are in their end regions immediately adjacent to the feed trough 19, each with an inwardly inclined surface at an angle I. Mistake. This results in a narrowing of the lateral guidance by the webs 40, 41, as seen in the conveying direction F of the fiber material. That is, the clear distance between the guide surfaces 42, 43 is continuously reduced in the conveying direction F. This continuous narrowing of the lateral guide surfaces 42, 43 of the webs 40, 41 the fiber material is gently brought together to a predetermined width. This ensures that a fiber material with a constant width is fed to the downstream feed cylinder.

Damit es zumindest im Aufgabebereich des Fasermaterials Z auf die untere Zangenplatte 2 (d.h. oberhalb der Zuführfläche ZF) zu keinen Kollisionen (Verschiebungen und Lösen von Fasern in den Randbereichen) zwischen den zwei zugeführten Faserbändern Z kommt, ist oberhalb der Zuführfläche ZF mittig ein Führungssteg 38 angebracht, welcher teilweise in die nachfolgende hintere Führungsfläche HF hineinragt. Dadurch erfolgt die Zusammenführung der beiden, in einer Breite c zugeführten Faserbänder Z zu einem geschlossenen Fasermaterial-Strom erst in einem Bereich der Einführfläche EF, kurz bevor das Fasermaterial von dem Speisezylinder 9 erfasst wird. Schematisch sind in Fig.6 noch Gewindebohrungen GB gezeigt, über welche die Zangenplatte 2 mittels Schrauben M auf dem Quer Steg QS befestigt wird.
Oberhalb der unteren Zangenplatte 2 ist ein schwenkbarer Rahmen 4 (oder Schwenkarme) angebracht, welcher eine obere Zangenplatte 3 trägt, die zusammen mit der unteren Zangenplatte 2 eine Klemmstelle im Bereich der vorderen Zangenlippe 5 bilden kann, wie aus der vorliegenden Ansicht der Fig.5 zu entnehmen ist. Der Rahmen 4 ist über nicht gezeigte Mittel um eine, an den Rahmenschildern RS angebrachte Achse 6 schwenkbar gelagert (siehe Doppelpfeil). Im gezeigten Beispiel wird der über die Klemmstelle hinausragende Faserbart FS von einem Kämmsegment 29 eines Kämmzylinders 11 ausgekämmt. Der Faserbart FS stellt das freie Ende eines Fasermaterials dar, welches in Form eines oder mehrerer Faserbänder Z, die aus Kannen KV abgezogen werden, der Klemmstelle der Zange unter der Einwirkung des Speisezylinders 9 zugeführt werden. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Kämmsegmentes 29 ist ein Abreiss-Segment 30 angebracht, das beim Abreissen des ausgekämmten Endes des Faserbartes FS mit einer zustellbaren Abreisswalze 12 zusammenwirkt. Die abgezogenen Faserpakete werden dann auf einer nachfolgenden Siebtrommel 16 zusammengeführt (verlötet) und an einer Einheit 26 (mit Vliestrichter und Kalanderwalzen) zu einem Faserband B geformt.
Eine detaillierte Beschreibung einer solchen Vorrichtung kann z. B. auch aus der EP- 2 350 361 A1 entnommen werden.To ensure that there are no collisions (displacements and loosening of fibers in the edge areas) between the two supplied fiber tapes Z, at least in the feed area of the fiber material Z onto the lower pliers plate 2 (ie above the feed area ZF), a guide web 38 is located centrally above the feed area ZF attached, which partially protrudes into the subsequent rear guide surface HF. As a result, the two fiber slivers Z fed in with a width c are brought together to form a closed fiber material flow only in a region of the insertion surface EF, shortly before the fiber material is gripped by the feed cylinder 9. Are schematic in Fig. 6 still shown threaded holes GB, through which the pliers plate 2 is fastened by means of screws M on the cross bar QS.
Above the lower pliers plate 2, a pivotable frame 4 (or swivel arms) is attached, which carries an upper pliers plate 3, which together with the lower pliers plate 2 can form a clamping point in the area of the front pliers lip 5, as shown in the present view of FIG Fig. 5 can be seen. The frame 4 is pivotally mounted about an axis 6 attached to the frame plates RS by means not shown (see double arrow). In the example shown, the fiber beard FS projecting beyond the clamping point is combed out by a combing segment 29 of a combing cylinder 11. The fiber beard FS represents the free end of a fiber material, which in the form of one or more fiber tapes Z, which are withdrawn from cans KV, are fed to the clamping point of the tongs under the action of the feed cylinder 9. On the opposite side of the combing segment 29 there is a tear-off segment 30 which cooperates with an adjustable tear-off roller 12 when the combed end of the fiber beard FS is torn off. The drawn-off fiber bundles are then brought together (soldered) on a subsequent sieve drum 16 and formed into a fiber band B on a unit 26 (with fleece funnel and calender rolls).
A detailed description of such a device can e.g. B. also from the EP-2 350 361 A1 be removed.

Das auf diese Weise gebildete Faserband B wird auf einen Fördertisch FB (Fig.4) abgelegt, auf welchem es mit weiteren, nebeneinander liegenden Faserbändern benachbarter Kämmaggregate zu einer nachfolgenden Streckwerkseinheit S überführt wird. Der Fördertisch FB kann aus einem angetriebenen Förderband bestehen.
Wie bereits beschrieben, wird das an der Streckwerkseinheit S gebildete Faserband einer Ablagevorrichtung (Bandablage BA) zugeführt, über welche es schlaufenförmig in Kannen K abgelegt wird.
Zu Sauberhaltung des Kämmzylinders 11 ist unterhalb des Kämmzylinders eine Bürstenwalze 13 angeordnet, welche in Lagereinheiten gelagert ist, die in den Rahmenschildern RS integriert sind.
Zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit des Längsträgers 7 und somit des gesamten Längsteiles LT sind innerhalb des U-förmigen Längsprofils U Querstreben 18 angebracht. In Längsrichtung des Längsträgers 7 gesehen, verlaufen die aneinander angrenzenden Querstreben 18 jeweils unter einem entgegengesetzten Winkel b zu einer Horizontalen Ebene, womit sich eine wabenförmige Struktur der Versteifungen, über die Länge des U-Profils gesehen, ergibt. Die einzelnen Versteifungen erstrecken sich - quer zur Längsrichtung des Längsträgers gesehen - etwa über die Höhe der freien Schenkel des U-Profils U.The sliver B formed in this way is placed on a conveyor table FB ( Fig. 4 ), on which it is transferred to a subsequent drafting unit S with further, adjacent fiber slivers of adjacent combing units. The conveyor table FB can consist of a driven conveyor belt.
As already described, the fiber sliver formed on the drafting unit S is fed to a storage device (sliver storage BA), via which it is deposited in a loop in cans K.
To keep the combing cylinder 11 clean, a brush roller 13 is arranged below the combing cylinder and is mounted in bearing units which are integrated in the frame plates RS.
To increase the strength of the longitudinal member 7 and thus the entire longitudinal part LT, cross struts 18 are attached within the U-shaped longitudinal profile U. Seen in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal member 7, the mutually adjacent cross struts 18 each run at an opposite angle b to a horizontal plane, which results in a honeycomb structure of the stiffeners, seen over the length of the U-profile. The individual stiffeners - seen transversely to the longitudinal direction of the side member - extend approximately over the height of the free legs of the U-section U.

Claims (14)

  1. A combing machine (1) having at least one combing unit (X1-X16) for combing out fiber material (Z) supplied to the combing unit in a direction of conveyance (F), wherein the combing unit has a gripper unit (10) with a lower gripper plate (2) and an upper gripper plate (3) mounted so that it is movable relative to the lower gripper plate, and the lower gripper plate (2) has on its top side a feed trough (19) with an insertion area (EF), wherein a rotatably mounted feed cylinder (9) protrudes into the feed trough (19), the fiber material (Z), which is connected to the feed trough (19) being supplied to a gripper lip (5) mounted on the front end of the lower gripper plate (2),
    characterized in that a rear guide area (HF) is adjacent to the insertion area (EF) to the feed trough (19) - as seen in a direction opposite the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material (Z) - wherein the insertion area (EF) and the rear guide area (HF) forms an obtuse angle β and the rear guide area (HF) - as seen in the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material (Z) - has a falling inclination at an angle α ≥ 35° with respect to a horizontal plane (E).
  2. The combing machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the front guide area (VF) - as seen in the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material (Z) and with respect to a horizontal plane (E) - has a falling inclination at an angle δ ≥ 55°.
  3. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower gripper plate (2) has at least one support area (AF) on its bottom side, opposite the rear guide area (HF) and by means of which the lower gripper plate (2) is fastened to a beam (QS) of the combing unit.
  4. The combing machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one spacer element (25) is mounted between the support area (AF) and the beam (QS).
  5. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower gripper plate (2) has a curved concave subsection (35) on its bottom side, starting from its front end (5), opposite the front guide area (VF) and the feed trough (19).
  6. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one guide web (38) running in the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material and dividing the fiber material supplied into at least two substreams (T1, T2) is provided on the rear guide area (HF) of the lower gripper plate (2) within the width (c) of the fiber material (Z) supplied.
  7. The combing machine (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that a rotatably mounted combing cylinder (11) which protrudes into the curved concave subsection (35) of the lower gripper plate (2) is disposed beneath the lower gripper plate (2).
  8. The combing machine (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that an enveloping circle (HK) of the combing cylinder (11) has a radial distance (a) between 0.3 and 1.0 mm from the gripper lip (5) of the lower gripper plate (2).
  9. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - as seen in the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material - the lower gripper plate (2) has an upstream feed area (ZF), which is connected to the rear guide area (HF) and forms an obtuse angle (γ) with it.
  10. The combing machine (1) according to claims 6 and 9, characterized in that the at least one guide web (38) extends into the area of the upstream feed area (ZF).
  11. The combing machine (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that - as seen in the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material (Z) - a roller pair (28) for feeding the fiber material (Z) is positioned upstream from the upstream feed area (ZF).
  12. The combing machine (1) according to claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the lower gripper plate (2) - as seen transversely to the direction of conveyance (F) of the fiber material (Z) - has a web (40, 41) extending beyond the top side of the lower gripper plate (2) in the area of its side edges, extending at least partially over the length of the upstream feed area (ZF) and the rear guide area (HF).
  13. The combing machine (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the guide areas (42, 43) opposite one another of the webs (40, 41) each run at an angle (I) over a subarea - as seen in the longitudinal direction of the webs (40, 41) - in their end regions directly adjacent to the feed trough (19) such that the inside distance between the guide areas (42, 43) in the direction (F) of the feed trough (19) is steadily reduced.
  14. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that above the front guide area (VF) two guides (44, 45) are mounted at a distance (d) from one another.
EP15738482.7A 2014-07-21 2015-07-02 Combing machine Active EP3172365B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01098/14A CH709900A2 (en) 2014-07-21 2014-07-21 Comber.
PCT/IB2015/054988 WO2016012888A1 (en) 2014-07-21 2015-07-02 Combing machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3172365A1 EP3172365A1 (en) 2017-05-31
EP3172365B1 true EP3172365B1 (en) 2020-04-22

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US (1) US20170204538A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3172365B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2017524838A (en)
CN (1) CN106536799B (en)
CH (1) CH709900A2 (en)
WO (1) WO2016012888A1 (en)

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CH712606A1 (en) * 2016-06-27 2017-12-29 Rieter Ag Maschf Device for a combing machine.

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WO2016012888A1 (en) 2016-01-28
CN106536799B (en) 2019-01-18
US20170204538A1 (en) 2017-07-20
EP3172365A1 (en) 2017-05-31
CH709900A2 (en) 2016-01-29
CN106536799A (en) 2017-03-22
JP2017524838A (en) 2017-08-31

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