EP3104371A1 - Ligne électrique et procédé de fabrication d'une ligne électrique - Google Patents

Ligne électrique et procédé de fabrication d'une ligne électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3104371A1
EP3104371A1 EP16173082.5A EP16173082A EP3104371A1 EP 3104371 A1 EP3104371 A1 EP 3104371A1 EP 16173082 A EP16173082 A EP 16173082A EP 3104371 A1 EP3104371 A1 EP 3104371A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
structural elements
embossing
longitudinal direction
jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16173082.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3104371B1 (fr
Inventor
Erwin Köppendörfer
Markus Schill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leoni Kabel GmbH
Original Assignee
Leoni Kabel Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leoni Kabel Holding GmbH filed Critical Leoni Kabel Holding GmbH
Publication of EP3104371A1 publication Critical patent/EP3104371A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3104371B1 publication Critical patent/EP3104371B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0275—Disposition of insulation comprising one or more extruded layers of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/1845—Sheaths comprising perforations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical line which extends in a longitudinal direction and has a core and an insulating jacket extruded onto the core.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such an electrical line.
  • both (single) cores which are formed by a central electrical conductor core and by a surrounding this, called core insulation insulation jacket.
  • electrical conductors also mean so-called insulated conductors, in which a plurality of elements, for example a plurality of individual cores, are combined to form a common core and are then surrounded by a cable sheath forming the insulation sheath. In the case of a single core, the electrical conductor forms the core.
  • the insulating jacket of such electrical lines is applied by an extrusion process.
  • the core is here pulled through an extrusion head, which is continuously supplied in a continuous process for the formation of the shell, a plastic plastic material as a shell material.
  • the electric line is drawn through a cooling bath, in particular a water bath, in order to achieve the fastest possible hardening of the initially viscous jacket material of the insulation jacket.
  • the object of the invention is to specify an electrical line and a method for the production thereof, wherein these unwanted frictional effects are at least reduced.
  • an electrical line having the features of claim 1.
  • the line extends in a longitudinal direction and has a core and an insulating jacket extruded onto the core.
  • an insulating jacket extruded onto the core.
  • In the surface of the insulation jacket is now a longitudinally extending structure impressed with a plurality of particular periodically repeating structural elements.
  • the surface is not a smooth surface, as is the case with conventional extruded insulation jackets. Rather, the surface is characterized by an embossed structure, so that in the surface depressions and elevations are formed. These are defined by the individual, in particular periodically repeating structural elements.
  • the design of this structured surface is based on the knowledge that with structured surfaces often a reduction of the friction or a flow resistance can be achieved. For example, in golf balls with their typical nap-like or crater-like surface structure, it is known that this special structure improves the flow properties compared to a smooth surface.
  • an embossed structure is understood as meaning that recesses are introduced into the surface for the formation of the individual structural elements. This takes place in the production by an embossing element, in particular by an embossing wheel, which thus impresses the structures in the still plastic insulating jacket following the extrusion head.
  • the adhesion and friction are therefore initially reduced in a particularly advantageous manner, so that in particular a better unwinding of a drum is achieved.
  • the reduction of the flow resistance is so far of interest, as that in the manufacturing process, the generated line is drawn through a filled with a cooling liquid cooling bath. Due to the high speeds in cable production, the liquid in the cooling bath exerts a non-negligible flow resistance on the electrical line, which leads at least to an increased energy requirement. In the case of thin lines, under certain circumstances this can also lead to tearing or limiting of the maximum take-off speed.
  • the withdrawal speed for a single wire is typically in the range of 1,000 to 4,000 meters per minute and for the jacket extrusion of a cable sheath at 100 to about 500 meters per minute.
  • the structure is preferably an embossed microstructure.
  • the embossing depth is 0.05mm.
  • the lower limit of the embossing depth is typically 0.02 mm.
  • Typical wall thicknesses for the insulation jacket are usually between 0.2 mm for thin cables, for example for thin conductors and about 1.5 mm for very thick conductors or cable sheaths.
  • the embossing depth is therefore for example about 8 to 15% of the wall thickness of the insulation jacket. Too large an embossing depth can lead to an influence on the electrical and / or mechanical properties. If the minimum embossing depth of about 0.02 mm is undershot, there is a risk that no plastic deformation can be achieved during embossing.
  • the structure extends over the entire surface over its entire surface. This means that the structure is formed continuously both in the circumferential direction and in the longitudinal direction. Depending on the embossing process, at most thin strip-shaped regions (in the longitudinal direction) can have a smooth surface.
  • the individual structural elements are expediently designed to be periodically recurring in the longitudinal direction.
  • a recess By impressing a respective structural element in each case a recess, in which therefore the surface is set back compared to an outer nominal diameter.
  • the recesses cover at least 30% and preferably at least 50% or even 75% of the surface.
  • the remaining spaces between the indentations are then preferably formed by surface areas with the (maximum) outer nominal diameter.
  • the structure is designed in the manner of a crater landscape, in which the individual structural elements are designed as in particular part-spherical indentations. These indentations, also referred to as dents, are preferably arranged in a row in the manner of a string of pearls, viewed in the longitudinal direction. Two adjacent chains are in the longitudinal direction to each other in particular offset by approximately half the diameter of a respective indentation to each other.
  • the structural elements in particular in the embodiment in the embodiment of the crater landscape, in the longitudinal direction and / or in the circumferential direction to an extent of not more than 0.5 mm and in particular of at most 0.3 mm. Specifically, for example, they have a diameter of 0.1 mm. The minimum diameter is preferably 0.05mm.
  • the structural elements in the longitudinal direction and / or in the circumferential direction are spaced from each other by a maximum of 1 mm and preferably a maximum of 0.5 mm.
  • the distance is expediently less than the extent of the respective structural element, in particular the dent.
  • the surface is formed as a scaly surface and the individual structural elements are each formed by inclined scales.
  • the individual scales have a surface which is oriented inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction.
  • the scales also have the previously mentioned small embossing depth of ⁇ 0.15 mm and in particular ⁇ 0.07 mm. Viewed in the longitudinal orites the scales have in comparison to the dents of the crater landscape an enlarged extent, for example in the range of a few millimeters, especially from 5mm to 10mm. In principle, it is also possible to form smaller scales.
  • the material used for the insulation jacket is polyurethane (PU).
  • PU polyurethane
  • the insulation jacket is expediently a wire jacket of a (single) core.
  • the microstructured surface can also be formed on cable sheaths of a sheathed cable.
  • the object is further achieved according to the invention by a method for producing such an electrical line having the features of claim 12.
  • the insulating jacket is first extruded on a core with the aid of an extruder.
  • the embossed structure is embossed with a plurality of structural elements subsequent to the mantle extrusion.
  • an embossing device is used, which ensures by a mechanical contact pressure for the desired plastic deformation of the jacket material.
  • the jacket material is displaced to the side of areas, which then form the indentations, where it forms the outer nominal diameter of the line.
  • the line undergoes a thickening, whereby the diameter of the insulation sheath increases subsequently to the embossing device.
  • the diameter of the extrusion head is dimensioned such that the diameter of the line after the extrusion head is at least slightly below the target nominal diameter of the line. This is achieved only after the embossing device.
  • the embossing device is in particular at least one and preferably a plurality of embossing elements arranged offset from each other around the circumference, in particular embossing wheels.
  • the embossing wheels are arranged rotatable about an axis.
  • the embossing wheels and generally the embossing elements are pressed against the insulating jacket with a mechanical contact pressure.
  • the embossing wheels are either actively driven. Preferably, however, they are loosely mounted, so that they are self-running, ie they are driven solely by the deduction of the electrical line following the extrusion head by the mechanical friction.
  • the embossing device is usually arranged immediately after the extrusion head, typically in the range of 5cm to 50cm after the extrusion head. In this area, it is ensured that the jacket material is still soft enough to achieve the desired plastic deformation.
  • the embossing takes place within a cooling bath and thus within a cooling liquid.
  • the embossing device is therefore arranged in particular in the cooling liquid.
  • This training is based on the consideration that some casing materials have a very sticky surface immediately after the extrusion head, and that in such materials, such as PU, an embossing is possible only to a limited extent, without jacket material is entrained.
  • the embossing takes place in a region where a first thin outer skin of the insulating sheath has already formed, which has a significantly lower tack.
  • the insulation jacket is overall plastically deformable.
  • Such a cooling bath typically has a length of several meters, in particular of several 10 meters, for example from 20m to 30m.
  • the embossing device is arranged in the front region, in particular in the first fifth and especially directly, for example 20cm to 100cm and preferably up to a maximum of 50cm after the line has entered the cooling bath.
  • the in the Fig. 1 illustrated electrical line 2 is formed as an electrical wire, which has a core 4 as an electrical conductor and a surrounding insulating jacket 6.
  • the line 2 extends in a longitudinal direction 8.
  • the line 2 is an initially unassembled "endless" commodity, which is typically rolled up by several hundred meters or even several kilometers in length on a cable drum. It has an outer nominal diameter D.
  • the insulating jacket 6 generally has a structured surface 10A, 10B. This is a microstructure with a plurality of embossed structural elements 12A, 12B.
  • FIGS Fig. 2.3 or 4,5 Two different preferred embodiments of possible structured surfaces 10A, 10B are shown in FIGS Fig. 2.3 or 4,5 shown.
  • the structured surface 10A is formed in the manner of a crater landscape, wherein the individual structural elements are formed by individual indentations 12A.
  • These recesses 12A are impressed in the manner of dents with an approximately hemispherical shape.
  • the recesses 12A each have an embossing depth t, which is typically only in the range of 0.05 mm.
  • the indentations point 12A has an extension a which is preferably about 0.1 mm. In the region of the hemispherical indentations 12 A, these therefore have a circular peripheral contour and the extent a corresponds to the diameter of this peripheral contour.
  • Both in the longitudinal direction 8 and in a circumferential direction 18 adjacent structure elements 12 have a distance d, which in the embodiment of the Fig. 2 for example, in the range of the extent a or slightly lower.
  • the surface is a scaly surface 10B and the individual structural elements are formed by individual scales 12B. These also have an embossing depth t in the range of preferably 0.05 mm.
  • the extent a of the individual scales 12B, in particular in the longitudinal direction 8, is preferably somewhat larger in comparison to that of the indentations 16 and is for example in the range of a few millimeters.
  • a respective scale 12 B has a scale surface 22, which extends obliquely oriented with respect to the longitudinal direction 8.
  • the highest area of a respective scale 12 B, ie the section with the largest diameter also defines the outer nominal diameter D of the electrical line 2.
  • the individual scale elements 22 close directly to each other, as they themselves quasi each in sections with the surface form the outermost nominal diameter D.
  • a conventional extrusion process is used first, as is Fig. 6 is explained:
  • the core 4 is supplied together with jacket material 24 an extrusion head 26, so that subsequently to the extrusion head 26 of the insulating jacket 6 is formed.
  • an embossing device 30 is arranged to form the structured surface 10, which in the present case has several embossing wheels 32, in particular two embossing wheels 32. These are rotatably mounted around a rotation axis in the manner of free-running pulleys.
  • the embossing device 30 is further arranged in a dashed water or cooling bath 34.
  • the embossing wheels 32 are arranged under water.
  • the line 2 is pulled through the cooling bath 34 at a high take-off speed.
  • the embossing wheels 32 continuously form over the entire length of the line 2 extending structured surface 10A, 10B.
  • the structural elements 12A, 12B cover the insulating jacket 6, preferably also in the circumferential direction 18 completely.
  • the two embossing wheels 32 are arranged at the same length position. Alternatively, they can also be arranged offset at different length positions, ie in the longitudinal direction 8 to each other. Specifically, more than two embossing wheels 32, for example, two, three or four embossing wheels, be formed so that the surface is provided as homogeneously as possible with the structural elements 12.
  • the individual embossing wheels 32 are arranged offset from each other in the circumferential direction 18.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
EP16173082.5A 2015-06-12 2016-06-06 Ligne électrique et procédé de fabrication d'une ligne électrique Active EP3104371B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015210867.8A DE102015210867A1 (de) 2015-06-12 2015-06-12 Elektrische Leitung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Leitung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3104371A1 true EP3104371A1 (fr) 2016-12-14
EP3104371B1 EP3104371B1 (fr) 2017-12-27

Family

ID=56108551

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16173082.5A Active EP3104371B1 (fr) 2015-06-12 2016-06-06 Ligne électrique et procédé de fabrication d'une ligne électrique

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US (1) US10014092B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3104371B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015210867A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016215563A1 (de) 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Leitung sowie Leitung
DE102017200605A1 (de) 2017-01-17 2018-07-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Stromleiter
US20200090832A1 (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-19 Michael Revilak Direction indicating cord assembly
CN114932670A (zh) * 2022-05-21 2022-08-23 临海伟星新型建材有限公司 一种新型电工护套管道的制备方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2262647A (en) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-23 Bicc Plc Wind resistant cable
EP2477195A2 (fr) * 2011-01-18 2012-07-18 Feller GmbH Câble à tambour de câble

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3333037A (en) * 1965-09-07 1967-07-25 Union Carbide Corp Process for the production of alkali metal composite electrical conductors
US3580988A (en) * 1969-08-12 1971-05-25 Ampex Grommet for speaker enclosure
US4979794A (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-12-25 Evans Mike R Friction reduction in drawing optical cable into protective tubes
GB9303618D0 (en) * 1993-02-23 1993-04-07 Phillips Cables Ltd Electric wires and cables and conductors for use in them
DE10102256A1 (de) * 2001-01-19 2002-08-14 Waskoenig & Walter Kabel Werk Netzkabel
US20100276178A1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Joshua Keller Profiled insulation and method for making the same
EP2410535A1 (fr) * 2010-07-23 2012-01-25 Lapp Engineering & Co. Câble doté d'un marquage tactile ainsi que procédé et dispositif
US9368258B2 (en) * 2011-11-23 2016-06-14 Nexans Forward twisted profiled insulation for LAN cables
JP5811145B2 (ja) * 2013-06-17 2015-11-11 日立金属株式会社 同軸ケーブル

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2262647A (en) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-23 Bicc Plc Wind resistant cable
EP2477195A2 (fr) * 2011-01-18 2012-07-18 Feller GmbH Câble à tambour de câble

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015210867A1 (de) 2016-12-15
US10014092B2 (en) 2018-07-03
US20160365167A1 (en) 2016-12-15
EP3104371B1 (fr) 2017-12-27

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