EP2912210A2 - Method for producing an electrically conductive structure on a non-conductive substrate material, and additive and substrate material intended therefor - Google Patents

Method for producing an electrically conductive structure on a non-conductive substrate material, and additive and substrate material intended therefor

Info

Publication number
EP2912210A2
EP2912210A2 EP13836252.0A EP13836252A EP2912210A2 EP 2912210 A2 EP2912210 A2 EP 2912210A2 EP 13836252 A EP13836252 A EP 13836252A EP 2912210 A2 EP2912210 A2 EP 2912210A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
additive
region
metal compound
metal
laser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13836252.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robin Alexander KRÜGER
Bernd Rösener
Wolfgang John
Arne Schnoor
Roman Ostholt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LPKF Laser and Electronics AG
Original Assignee
LPKF Laser and Electronics AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LPKF Laser and Electronics AG filed Critical LPKF Laser and Electronics AG
Publication of EP2912210A2 publication Critical patent/EP2912210A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/1851Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material
    • C23C18/1862Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by radiant energy
    • C23C18/1868Radiation, e.g. UV, laser
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/20Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
    • C08J3/22Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
    • C08J3/226Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1603Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C18/1607Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by direct patterning
    • C23C18/1608Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by direct patterning from pretreatment step, i.e. selective pre-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1603Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C18/1607Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by direct patterning
    • C23C18/1612Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by direct patterning through irradiation means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1635Composition of the substrate
    • C23C18/1639Substrates other than metallic, e.g. inorganic or organic or non-conductive
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1635Composition of the substrate
    • C23C18/1639Substrates other than metallic, e.g. inorganic or organic or non-conductive
    • C23C18/1641Organic substrates, e.g. resin, plastic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1635Composition of the substrate
    • C23C18/1639Substrates other than metallic, e.g. inorganic or organic or non-conductive
    • C23C18/1642Substrates other than metallic, e.g. inorganic or organic or non-conductive semiconductor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/2006Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
    • C23C18/2026Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by radiant energy
    • C23C18/204Radiation, e.g. UV, laser
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/28Sensitising or activating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/18Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
    • H05K3/181Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating
    • H05K3/182Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating characterised by the patterning method
    • H05K3/185Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating characterised by the patterning method by making a catalytic pattern by photo-imaging
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/06Polyethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2323/12Polypropene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04Polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2467/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2467/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2467/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2467/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08J2467/03Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the hydroxy and the carboxyl groups directly linked to aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2248Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2265Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
    • C08K2003/2272Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/02Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
    • H05K2201/0203Fillers and particles
    • H05K2201/0206Materials
    • H05K2201/0236Plating catalyst as filler in insulating material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09818Shape or layout details not covered by a single group of H05K2201/09009 - H05K2201/09809
    • H05K2201/0999Circuit printed on or in housing, e.g. housing as PCB; Circuit printed on the case of a component; PCB affixed to housing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/10Using electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields; Using laser light
    • H05K2203/107Using laser light
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/11Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
    • H05K2203/1157Using means for chemical reduction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an electrically conductive structure, in particular a conductor track, on a non-conductive carrier material which contains an additive with at least one metal compound, wherein the carrier material partially
  • MID Molded Interconnect Devices
  • MID technology combines electrical and mechanical functions in one component.
  • the conductive structure is integrated into the housing and thus substitutes the conventional circuit board to reduce weight, space and installation costs.
  • LDS laser direct structuring
  • carrier materials are injection-molded in one-component injection molding with specially additized plastic granules as molded parts.
  • the additives can be reacted in a spatially selective manner in a physico-chemical reaction to catalytically active nuclei, which in a subsequent chemical
  • Metallizing bath selectively deposits metal at the sites treated in this way.
  • the laser has the task of creating a micro-rough surface in order to ensure adequate adhesion of the metal layer on the plastic substrate
  • the LDS process allows circuit layouts to be adjusted or changed in no time at all without tool conversions. This circumstance and the commercial availability of various LDS-enabled plastics has ultimately led to the LDS process being the leading technology in MID manufacturing.
  • nanoscale non-conductive metal compounds are used whose particles have nanodimensions with characteristic sizes below 200 nm. This preserves the transparency of the support material and the function of the non-conductive metal compound.
  • WO 2012/056385 A1 describes a method with an improved electroless plating performance of LDS materials.
  • the type of additive essentially determines which wavelength the laser radiation to use can have and how efficiently it is absorbed.
  • Laser irradiation is converted into catalytically active nuclei, as it would cause the additive alone.
  • the additive contains, in addition to a first region formed by, for example, inorganic metal compounds, at least a second region having a different chemical composition, and the oxidation state of the metal in the additive is reduced by the laser activation.
  • a second area as substance with different chemical
  • a reactive microenvironment is created for the additive and the chemical reaction with the carrier material substantially reduced or completely avoided. Since such a procedure makes the process of converting the additive into catalytically active nuclei more efficient, the
  • the additive-shell hybrid provides all the necessary for the required chemical-physical reaction substances, at the same time eliminates the limitation to certain
  • Plastics or plastic groups For example, this makes a carrier material suitable with a substantial proportion of material of a PTFE for carrying out the method according to the invention, when the additive provided with the second region is mixed.
  • such a second region for example as a coating, in some cases not only can significantly reduce the agglomeration, but also has an advantageous effect on the subsequent chemical metallization. more accurate
  • An essential advantage of the invention results in particular from the fact that the additive can be supplied to any carrier materials and therefore the desired laser activation is reliably achieved without consideration of the special properties of the carrier material. In particular, it is thus possible to dispense with the aids previously required for adaptation to different properties of the carrier material.
  • the additive can also be supplied or admixed only in the shaping process, so that the additive does not have to be present in the carrier material before processing.
  • the second range also leads to significantly improved mechanical properties when it contains substantially organic compounds.
  • the second region at the interface between the second region and the carrier material, in each case essentially organic components meet one another.
  • the second region leads to far less disturbances in the structure of the plastic than the carrier material of the additive.
  • the second region may preferably be applied to the additive as a coating over its full area so as to achieve a separation of the additive from the carrier material.
  • the coating thickness is selected so that it has a sufficient adhesive strength to the additive and so in particular when mixing the additive provided with the coating in the carrier material is not separated from the additive or the
  • the coating with an amount corresponding to the stoichiometric ratio between at least one in the Coating contained active ingredient and the additive applied to the additive, so that the amount of substance required for the reduction of the additive in the coating is available. As a result, an interaction or a chemical reaction of the additive with the carrier material is largely prevented.
  • the invention is a
  • the additive could be in an aqueous solution which is in liquid form in the
  • Carrier material is introduced. Particularly promising, however, is one
  • Embodiment of the invention in which the additive provided with the second region in a strewable or free-flowing form, in particular powdered, prepared and in the
  • Carrier material is mixed. This simplifies the manufacturing process as well as the system requirements for making the mixture. In particular, the desired mixture can be monitored in a simple manner on the basis of the mass ratios.
  • Another embodiment of the invention which is also particularly promising, is achieved by introducing an absorber in the second region, which converts the laser energy for laser activation into that contained in the additive
  • Laser radiation introduced energy into the required activation energy, which is used to trigger the reaction between those in the second area on the one hand and the
  • additive particles contained on the other hand required reactants is implemented in an optimal manner and thus increases the efficiency.
  • These substances acting as absorbers in the second region therefore also allow the desired activation in a particularly advantageous manner if the second region or the additive is transparent to the wavelength of the laser radiation. According to the invention, it is thus also possible to use those additives which can not be activated per se with the selected laser, by the reaction being effected by corresponding reaction partners in the second region and the resulting interaction of those contained in the second region
  • the additive is largely decoupled from the selection of the laser.
  • the absorber is on the wavelength tuned by the laser. For example, absorbers in the IR wavelength range are suitable for this purpose.
  • the carrier material contains as a substantial proportion of material a semiconductor material, ceramic and / or glass, so that the inventive method for selective activation and subsequent metallization can also be carried out in conjunction with such carrier materials, which themselves are not chemically reducing to the Can act additive. Furthermore, the chemical reaction of the additive with its second region substantially reduces a change in the chemical or physical properties of the carrier material.
  • a portion of copper (II) oxide powder (Sigma-Aldrich) is dried in a vacuum oven at 150 ° C and in a twin-screw extruder (Collin) with a part
  • Polybutylene terephthalate (Lanxess) processed into a homogeneous granules.
  • the granules are first in a fine impact mill (Hosokawa / Alpine) to a fine impact mill (Hosokawa / Alpine) to a fine impact mill (Hosokawa / Alpine) to a fine impact mill (Hosokawa / Alpine) to a fine impact mill (Hosokawa / Alpine) to a
  • thermosetting copper (I) oxide-polyester hybrid is then compounded at eight percent by weight in polyethylene (LyondellBasell) and injection molded into workpieces.
  • Fig. 2 shows an additive with a coating on one, a core forming, first
  • FIG. 3 shows an additive with a second region forming a core.
  • the additive 1 contains at least one metal compound forming a first region 2.
  • this metal compound is preferably selectively activated, whereby catalytically active nuclei form in the areas thus laser-activated, which are subsequently metallized.
  • the additive 1 contains, in addition to the metal compound, a second region 3 with one or more substances of a different chemical composition from the metal compound, so that the oxidation state of the metal in the additive 1 is reduced by the laser activation.
  • the additive 1 has a further, matched to the metal compound substance with different chemical composition, this is a
  • the process of converting the metal compound into catalytically active nuclei is thereby carried out much more efficiently, independently of the carrier material, while at the same time reducing the required amount in the carrier material.
  • additive 1 also eliminates the limitation to certain plastics or plastic groups.
  • an irregular mixture of the two regions 2, 3 is used for this purpose, which, above all, permits simple production, for example also during the shaping process.
  • the metal connection can completely enclose the second area 3, if, for example, at certain temperatures
  • the second region 3 is to support only the chemical reaction.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing an electrically conductive structure, in particular a conducting track, on a non-conductive substrate material, which contains an additive (1) having at least one metal compound. For this purpose, the substrate material is irradiated by means of a laser in order to selectively activate the metal compounds, for example inorganic metal compounds, contained in the additive (1). The metal seeds formed by the activation are then metallized in order to create the electrically conductive structure on the substrate material. Because the additive (1) is provided with an in particular full-surface coating before the additive is introduced into the substrate material, such that the additive (1) is reduced and the coating is oxidized by the laser activation, the reaction partners necessary for the required chemical reaction with the additive (1) are provided by the coating. Because of the thereby significantly reduced interaction with the substrate material, the limitation to certain plastics or plastic groups also is lifted.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur auf einem nichtleitenden Trägermaterial sowie ein hierzu bestimmtes Additiv und Trägermaterial  Process for the production of an electrically conductive structure on a non-conductive carrier material and a specific additive and carrier material for this purpose
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur, insbesondere einer Leiterbahn, auf einem nichtleitenden Trägermaterial, welches ein Additiv mit zumindest einer Metallverbindung enthält, wobei das Trägermaterial partiell The invention relates to a method for producing an electrically conductive structure, in particular a conductor track, on a non-conductive carrier material which contains an additive with at least one metal compound, wherein the carrier material partially
Laserstrahlung ausgesetzt wird und die in dem Additiv enthaltenen Metallverbindungen aktiviert werden, wodurch sich in den so laseraktivierten Bereichen katalytisch aktive Keime bilden, die anschließend in einem außenstromlosen Metallisierungsbad metallisiert werden, und dadurch die elektrisch leitfähige Struktur auf dem nichtleitenden Trägermaterial geschaffen wird. Laser radiation is exposed and the metal compounds contained in the additive are activated, thereby catalytically active nuclei are formed in the laser-activated areas, which are then metallized in an electroless metallization, and thereby the electrically conductive structure is provided on the non-conductive substrate.
Räumliche, spritzgegossene Schaltungsträger sind in der Praxis unter der Bezeichnung MID (Molded Interconnect Devices) bekannt und bereits vielfach im Einsatz. Die MID-Technologie vereint elektrische und mechanische Funktionen in einem Bauteil. Die leitfähige Struktur wird hierbei in das Gehäuse integriert und substituiert so die konventionelle Leiterplatte, um Gewicht, Bauraum und Montagekosten zu reduzieren. Spatial, injection-molded circuit carriers are known in practice under the name MID (Molded Interconnect Devices) and already in use many times. MID technology combines electrical and mechanical functions in one component. The conductive structure is integrated into the housing and thus substitutes the conventional circuit board to reduce weight, space and installation costs.
Besondere Bedeutung kommt dabei der sogenannten Laser-Direktstrukturierung (LDS) zu. Beim LDS-Verfahren werden Trägermaterialien im Einkomponenten-Spritzguss mit speziell additiviertem Kunststoffgranulat als Formteile spritzgegossen. Mittels Laser können die Additive ortsselektiv in einer physikalisch-chemischen Reaktion zu katalytisch wirksamen Keimen umgesetzt werden, wobei sich in einem anschließenden chemischen Of particular importance is the so-called laser direct structuring (LDS). In the LDS process, carrier materials are injection-molded in one-component injection molding with specially additized plastic granules as molded parts. By means of lasers, the additives can be reacted in a spatially selective manner in a physico-chemical reaction to catalytically active nuclei, which in a subsequent chemical
Metallisierungsbad an den so behandelten Stellen gezielt Metall abscheidet. Metallizing bath selectively deposits metal at the sites treated in this way.
Neben der Aktivierung hat der Laser die Aufgabe, eine mikroraue Oberfläche zu erzeugen, um eine ausreichende Haftung der Metallschicht auf dem Kunststoffsubstrat zu In addition to activation, the laser has the task of creating a micro-rough surface in order to ensure adequate adhesion of the metal layer on the plastic substrate
gewährleisten. Da der Bereich, der der Laserstrahlung ausgesetzt wird, mittels Computersoftware gesteuert wird, können beim LDS-Verfahren in kürzester Zeit und ohne Umbau von Werkzeugen Schaltungslayouts angepasst oder geändert werden. Dieser Umstand und die kommerzielle Verfügbarkeit verschiedener LDS-fähiger Kunstoffe haben letztendlich dazu geführt, dass das LDS-Verfahren die führende Technologie bei der Herstellung von MID ist. guarantee. Since the area exposed to the laser radiation is controlled by computer software, the LDS process allows circuit layouts to be adjusted or changed in no time at all without tool conversions. This circumstance and the commercial availability of various LDS-enabled plastics has ultimately led to the LDS process being the leading technology in MID manufacturing.
In der DE 101 32 092 A1 werden Leiterbahnstrukturen auf einem elektrisch nichtleitenden Trägermaterial beschrieben, die aus Metallkeimen und einer nachfolgend auf diese aufgebrachten Metallisierung bestehen, wobei die Metallkeime durch Aufbrechen von feinstverteilt in dem Trägermaterial enthaltenen elektrisch nichtleitenden anorganischen Metallverbindungen durch elektromagnetische Strahlung entstanden sind. In DE 101 32 092 A1 interconnect structures are described on an electrically non-conductive substrate, which consist of metal nuclei and a subsequently applied to this metallization, the metal nuclei are formed by breaking up finely dispersed in the substrate contained electrically non-conductive inorganic metal compounds by electromagnetic radiation.
Die DE 10 2004 021 747 A1 beschreibt ebenfalls derartige Leiterbahnstrukturen, wobei die Metallkeime durch Aufbrechen von feinstverteilt in dem Trägermaterial enthaltenen nanoskaligen Metallverbindungen durch elektromagnetische Strahlung entstanden sind. Um die Transparenz des Trägermaterials zu erhalten, die eine Lichtleitung ermöglicht und damit die Kombination von Leiterbahnstrukturen und lichtleitenden Trägerstoffen zur DE 10 2004 021 747 A1 likewise describes such printed conductor structures, wherein the metal nuclei are formed by breaking up nanoscale metal compounds which are finely distributed in the carrier material by electromagnetic radiation. In order to obtain the transparency of the substrate, which allows a light pipe and thus the combination of interconnect structures and photoconductive materials for
optoelektronischen Nutzung gestattet, werden nanoskalige nichtleitende Metallverbindungen eingesetzt, deren Partikel Nanodimensionen mit charakteristischen Größen unter 200 nm aufweisen. Dadurch bleiben die Transparenz des Trägermaterials und die Funktion der nichtleitenden Metallverbindung erhalten. For optoelectronic use, nanoscale non-conductive metal compounds are used whose particles have nanodimensions with characteristic sizes below 200 nm. This preserves the transparency of the support material and the function of the non-conductive metal compound.
Ferner wird in der WO 2012/056385 A1 ein Verfahren mit einer verbesserten stromlosen Plattierungsleistung von LDS-Materialien beschreiben. Furthermore, WO 2012/056385 A1 describes a method with an improved electroless plating performance of LDS materials.
Aufgrund technologischer Begrenzungen können heutzutage Spurweiten von minimal 150 μηι verlässlich mittels LDS-Verfahren hergestellt werden. Um die gewünschte Due to technological limitations today gauges of minimum 150 μηι can be reliably produced by LDS method. To the desired
Miniaturisierung der MID weiter voranzutreiben, ist es unumgänglich, diese Beschränkung weiter zurückzudrängen. Zu diesem Zweck werden zum einen große Anstrengungen betrieben, die Laserstrahlung weiter zu fokussieren und präziser über die Oberfläche des Formteils zu führen. Zum anderen ist die Größe der Additive zu verringern, um eine bessere Kantenschärfe der Laserstrukturierung zu gewährleisten. Dabei muss allerdings Miniaturization of the MID, it is inevitable to push back this restriction further. For this purpose, on the one hand, great efforts are being made to further focus the laser radiation and to guide it more precisely over the surface of the molded part. On the other hand, the size of the additives must be reduced in order to ensure a better edge sharpness of the laser structuring. It must, however
berücksichtigt werden, dass diesem Vorgehen Grenzen gesetzt sind, da die Neigung der Additive zu agglomerieren im Compoundier- oder Spritzgussprozess bei abnehmender Teilchengröße im Allgemeinen zunimmt. It should be noted that this approach is limited, since the tendency of the additives to agglomerate in the compounding or injection molding process generally increases with decreasing particle size.
Dabei sind drei Aspekte von besonderer Bedeutung: 1) Die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Basispolymers und der daraus hergestellten Werkstücke, wie zum Beispiel Schlagzähigkeit und Bruchfestigkeit, werden durch Menge, Größe, Form und Art des Additivs beeinflusst. Three aspects are of particular importance: 1) The physical properties of the base polymer and the workpieces made therefrom, such as impact resistance and fracture strength, are affected by the amount, size, shape and type of additive.
2) Die Art des Additivs bestimmt im Wesentlichen, welche Wellenlänge die zu verwendende Laserstrahlung haben kann und wie effizient diese absorbiert wird. 2) The type of additive essentially determines which wavelength the laser radiation to use can have and how efficiently it is absorbed.
3) Die chemisch-physikalische Umwandlung des Additivs in katalytisch wirksame Keime wird durch unterschiedliche Materialien unterschiedlich stark gefördert und kann in manchen Materialien ausbleiben. 3) The chemical-physical transformation of the additive into catalytically active nuclei is promoted differently by different materials and may be absent in some materials.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Additiv in geeigneter Art und Weise so auszuführen, dass der Additiv-Hülle-Hybrid weniger negative Auswirkungen auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Basispolymers hat und wirkungsvoller durch The invention has for its object to design an additive in a suitable manner so that the additive-shell hybrid has less negative effects on the physical properties of the base polymer and more effective
Laserbestrahlung in katalytisch wirksame Keime umgesetzt wird, als es das Additiv allein bewirken würde. Laser irradiation is converted into catalytically active nuclei, as it would cause the additive alone.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen. This object is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1. The further embodiment of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäß ist also ein Verfahren vorgesehen, bei dem das Additiv neben einem durch die beispielsweise anorganischen Metallverbindungen gebildeten ersten Bereich zumindest einen zweiten Bereich mit unterschiedlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung enthält und durch die Laseraktivierung die Oxidationsstufe des Metalls im Additiv reduziert wird. Indem das Additiv einen zweiten Bereich als Substanz mit unterschiedlicher chemischer According to the invention, therefore, a method is provided in which the additive contains, in addition to a first region formed by, for example, inorganic metal compounds, at least a second region having a different chemical composition, and the oxidation state of the metal in the additive is reduced by the laser activation. By the additive a second area as substance with different chemical
Zusammensetzung aufweist, wird für das Additiv eine reaktionsfähige Mikroumgebung geschaffen und die chemische Reaktion mit dem Trägermaterial wesentlich verringert oder gänzlich vermieden. Da durch solch ein Vorgehen der Prozess der Umwandlung des Additivs in katalytisch wirksame Keime effizienter ausgeführt werden kann, wird auch die Composition, a reactive microenvironment is created for the additive and the chemical reaction with the carrier material substantially reduced or completely avoided. Since such a procedure makes the process of converting the additive into catalytically active nuclei more efficient, the
erforderliche Dosierung des Additivs und damit der erforderliche Mengenanteil in dem Trägermaterial reduziert. Die erfindungsgemäß reduzierten Mindestmengen des Additivs führen somit direkt zu geringeren Einflüssen auf die Eigenschaften des Trägermaterials. Da der Additiv-Hülle-Hybrid alle für die erforderliche chemisch-physikalische Reaktion notwendigen Stoffe bereitstellt, entfällt zugleich auch die Limitierung auf bestimmte required dosage of the additive and thus reduces the required amount in the carrier material. The inventively reduced minimum amounts of the additive thus lead directly to lower influences on the properties of the carrier material. Since the additive-shell hybrid provides all the necessary for the required chemical-physical reaction substances, at the same time eliminates the limitation to certain
Kunststoffe bzw. Kunststoffgruppen. Beispielsweise eignet sich dadurch ein Trägermaterial mit einem wesentlichen Materialanteil eines PTFE zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, wenn das mit dem zweiten Bereich versehene Additiv eingemischt wird. Plastics or plastic groups. For example, this makes a carrier material suitable with a substantial proportion of material of a PTFE for carrying out the method according to the invention, when the additive provided with the second region is mixed.
Selbstverständlich ist erfindungsgemäß nicht ausgeschlossen, dass zusätzlich auch in das Additiv Stoffe als zweiter Bereich eingemischt werden. Of course, it is not excluded according to the invention that substances are additionally mixed into the additive as the second region.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass ein solcher zweiter Bereich beispielsweise als eine Beschichtung in einigen Fällen nicht nur die Agglomeration deutlich zurückdrängen kann, sondern sich auch vorteilhaft auf die sich anschließende chemische Metallisierung auswirkt. Genauere It has been found that such a second region, for example as a coating, in some cases not only can significantly reduce the agglomeration, but also has an advantageous effect on the subsequent chemical metallization. more accurate
Betrachtungen haben ergeben, dass einige Hüllsubstanzen die chemisch-physikalische Umwandlung der Additive in katalytisch wirksame Keime besser fördern als die sie umgebende Kunststoffmatrix des Trägermaterials. Considerations have shown that some coating substances promote better the chemical-physical conversion of the additives into catalytically active nuclei than the surrounding plastic matrix of the support material.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der Erfindung ergibt sich vor allem dadurch, dass das Additiv beliebigen Trägermaterialien zugeführt werden kann und daher ohne Berücksichtigung der speziellen Eigenschaften des Trägermaterials die gewünschte Laseraktivierung zuverlässig erreicht wird. Insbesondere kann also auf die bisher zur Anpassung an unterschiedliche Eigenschaften des Trägermaterials erforderlichen Hilfsmittel verzichtet werden. Somit kann das Additiv auch erst im formgebenden Prozess zugeführt bzw. beigemischt werden, sodass das Additiv nicht schon vor der Verarbeitung in dem Trägermaterial vorhanden sein muss. An essential advantage of the invention results in particular from the fact that the additive can be supplied to any carrier materials and therefore the desired laser activation is reliably achieved without consideration of the special properties of the carrier material. In particular, it is thus possible to dispense with the aids previously required for adaptation to different properties of the carrier material. Thus, the additive can also be supplied or admixed only in the shaping process, so that the additive does not have to be present in the carrier material before processing.
Der zweite Bereich führt aber auch grundsätzlich zu deutlich verbesserten mechanischen Eigenschaften, wenn dieser im Wesentlichen organische Verbindungen enthält. Hierdurch treffen an der Grenzfläche zwischen dem zweiten Bereich und dem Trägermaterial jeweils im Wesentlichen organische Anteile aufeinander. Durch den zweiten Bereich kommt es zu weit geringeren Störungen in der Struktur des Kunststoffs als Trägermaterial des Additivs. In principle, however, the second range also leads to significantly improved mechanical properties when it contains substantially organic compounds. As a result, at the interface between the second region and the carrier material, in each case essentially organic components meet one another. The second region leads to far less disturbances in the structure of the plastic than the carrier material of the additive.
Insbesondere können durch einen die Metallverbindung einschließenden zweiten Bereich vorhandene Partikelkanten nivelliert werden, sodass die beim Stand der Technik nicht zuverlässig auszuschließenden Kerbwirkungen des Additivs in dem Trägermaterial verringert oder sogar vermieden werden. In particular, by means of a second region enclosing the metal compound, existing particle edges can be leveled so that the notch effects of the additive in the support material that can not be reliably excluded in the prior art are reduced or even avoided.
Der zweite Bereich kann als Beschichtung bevorzugt vollflächig auf das Additiv aufgebracht werden, um so eine Trennung des Additivs gegenüber dem Trägermaterial zu erreichen. Hierzu wird die Beschichtungsstärke so gewählt, dass diese eine ausreichende Haftfestigkeit auf dem Additiv aufweist und so insbesondere beim Einmischen des mit der Beschichtung versehenen Additivs in das Trägermaterial nicht von dem Additiv getrennt bzw. die The second region may preferably be applied to the additive as a coating over its full area so as to achieve a separation of the additive from the carrier material. For this purpose, the coating thickness is selected so that it has a sufficient adhesive strength to the additive and so in particular when mixing the additive provided with the coating in the carrier material is not separated from the additive or the
Beschichtung beschädigt wird. Besonders bevorzugt wird die Beschichtung mit einer Menge entsprechend dem stöchiometrischen Verhältnis zwischen zumindest einem in der Beschichtung enthaltenen Wirkstoff und dem Additiv auf das Additiv aufgebracht, sodass die für die Reduktion des Additivs erforderliche Stoffmenge in der Beschichtung verfügbar ist. Hierdurch wird eine Wechselwirkung bzw. eine chemische Reaktion des Additivs mit dem Trägermaterial weitgehend unterbunden. In der Praxis wird erfindungsgemäß eine Coating is damaged. Particularly preferred is the coating with an amount corresponding to the stoichiometric ratio between at least one in the Coating contained active ingredient and the additive applied to the additive, so that the amount of substance required for the reduction of the additive in the coating is available. As a result, an interaction or a chemical reaction of the additive with the carrier material is largely prevented. In practice, the invention is a
Beschichtungsstärke zwischen 5 nm und 2 μηι aufgebracht. Coating thickness between 5 nm and 2 μηι applied.
Das Additiv könnte in einer wässrigen Lösung vorliegen, die in flüssiger Form in das The additive could be in an aqueous solution which is in liquid form in the
Trägermaterial eingebracht wird. Besonders Erfolg versprechend ist hingegen eine Carrier material is introduced. Particularly promising, however, is one
Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, bei der das mit dem zweiten Bereich versehene Additiv in einer streu- oder rieselfähigen Form, insbesondere Pulverform, hergestellt und in das Embodiment of the invention, in which the additive provided with the second region in a strewable or free-flowing form, in particular powdered, prepared and in the
Trägermaterial eingemischt wird. Hierdurch werden der Herstellungsprozess und zudem die Systemvoraussetzungen zur Herstellung der Mischung vereinfacht. Insbesondere lässt sich die gewünschte Mischung in einfacher Weise anhand der Masseverhältnisse überwachen. Carrier material is mixed. This simplifies the manufacturing process as well as the system requirements for making the mixture. In particular, the desired mixture can be monitored in a simple manner on the basis of the mass ratios.
Indem erfindungsgemäß eine Wechselwirkung des Additivs mit dem Trägermaterial weitgehend entfällt, weil die für das Additiv bestimmten Reaktionspartner in dem zweiten Bereich enthalten sind, entfällt bei der Auswahl des Trägermaterials die Beschränkung auf solche für die chemische Reaktion geeignete Kunststoffmaterialien. Dadurch eignen sich auch solche Trägermaterialien zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, die reaktionsträge oder -unfähig sind. By largely eliminating the interaction of the additive with the carrier material according to the invention because the reactants intended for the additive are contained in the second region, the restriction to such plastic materials suitable for the chemical reaction is omitted in the selection of the carrier material. As a result, such support materials are suitable for carrying out the process, which are inert or incapable of reaction.
Eine andere, ebenfalls besonders Erfolg versprechende Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird dadurch erreicht, dass in dem zweiten Bereich ein Absorber eingebracht wird, welcher die Umwandlung der Laserenergie zur Laseraktivierung der in dem Additiv enthaltenen Another embodiment of the invention, which is also particularly promising, is achieved by introducing an absorber in the second region, which converts the laser energy for laser activation into that contained in the additive
Metallverbindungen begünstigt. Hierdurch wird die Umwandlung der mittels der Favored metal compounds. As a result, the conversion of the means of
Laserstrahlung eingebrachten Energie in die erforderliche Aktivierungsenergie, die zum Auslösen der Reaktion zwischen den in dem zweiten Bereich einerseits und den Laser radiation introduced energy into the required activation energy, which is used to trigger the reaction between those in the second area on the one hand and the
Additivpartikeln andererseits enthaltenen Reaktionspartnern erforderlich ist, in optimaler Weise umgesetzt und so der Wirkungsgrad gesteigert. Diese als Absorber wirkenden Substanzen in dem zweiten Bereich ermöglichen daher in besonders vorteilhafter Weise auch dann die gewünschte Aktivierung, wenn der zweite Bereich bzw. das Additiv für die Wellenlänge der Laserstrahlung transparent ist. Erfindungsgemäß können also auch solche Additive eingesetzt werden, die mit dem ausgewählten Laser an sich nicht aktivierbar sind, indem die Reaktion durch entsprechende Reaktionspartner in dem zweiten Bereich und dem daraus resultierenden Zusammenwirken der in dem zweiten Bereich enthaltenen On the other hand, additive particles contained on the other hand required reactants is implemented in an optimal manner and thus increases the efficiency. These substances acting as absorbers in the second region therefore also allow the desired activation in a particularly advantageous manner if the second region or the additive is transparent to the wavelength of the laser radiation. According to the invention, it is thus also possible to use those additives which can not be activated per se with the selected laser, by the reaction being effected by corresponding reaction partners in the second region and the resulting interaction of those contained in the second region
Substanzen und des Additivs realisierbar sind. Hierdurch wird also das Additiv von der Auswahl des Lasers weitgehend entkoppelt. Der Absorber wird hierzu auf die Wellenlänge des Lasers abgestimmt. Beispielsweise eignen sich hierzu Absorber im IR- Wellenlängenbereich. Substances and the additive can be realized. As a result, the additive is largely decoupled from the selection of the laser. The absorber is on the wavelength tuned by the laser. For example, absorbers in the IR wavelength range are suitable for this purpose.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung enthält das Trägermaterial als einen wesentlichen Materialanteil ein Halbleitermaterial, Keramik und/oder Glas, sodass das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur selektiven Aktivierung und nachfolgenden Metallisierung auch in Verbindung mit solchen Trägermaterialien durchgeführt werden kann, die selbst nicht chemisch reduzierend auf das Additiv wirken können. Weiterhin wird durch die chemische Reaktion des Additivs mit seinem zweiten Bereich eine Änderung der chemischen oder physikalischen Eigenschaften des Trägermaterials wesentlich verringert. According to a further aspect of the present invention, the carrier material contains as a substantial proportion of material a semiconductor material, ceramic and / or glass, so that the inventive method for selective activation and subsequent metallization can also be carried out in conjunction with such carrier materials, which themselves are not chemically reducing to the Can act additive. Furthermore, the chemical reaction of the additive with its second region substantially reduces a change in the chemical or physical properties of the carrier material.
Ausführungsbeispiel 1 Embodiment 1
Ein Teil Kupfer(ll)oxid-Pulver (Firma Sigma-Aldrich) wird im Vakuumtrockenschrank bei 150 °C getrocknet und in einem Zweischneckenextruder (Firma Collin) mit einem Teil  A portion of copper (II) oxide powder (Sigma-Aldrich) is dried in a vacuum oven at 150 ° C and in a twin-screw extruder (Collin) with a part
Polybutylenterephthalat (Firma Lanxess) zu einem homogenen Granulat verarbeitet. Das Granulat wird zunächst in einer Feinprallmühle (Firma Hosokawa/Alpine) zu einer Polybutylene terephthalate (Lanxess) processed into a homogeneous granules. The granules are first in a fine impact mill (Hosokawa / Alpine) to a
Partikelgröße von 0,5 mm vermählen und anschließend in einer Planetenkugelmühle Grind particle size of 0.5 mm and then in a planetary ball mill
(Pulverisette 7 Premium Line/1 mm Zirkonoxid-Kugeln/Zirkonoxid-Mahlbecher, Firma Fritsch) auf eine Endfeinheit von etwa 1 μηι vermählen. Der so erhaltene Kupfer(ll)oxid- Polybutylenterephthalat-Hybrid wird sodann mit zehn Gewichtsprozenten in Polypropylen (Firma Ensinger) eincompoundiert und zu Werkstücken spritzgegossen. Diese so erhaltenen Werkstücke können mittels Laser ortsselektiv für eine außenstromlose Metallisierung aktiviert werden. Im Vergleich zu Probekörpern, die lediglich nicht modifiziertes Kupfer(ll)oxid enthalten, weisen die so erhaltenen Polypropylen-Werkstücke eine um ein Vielfaches erhöhte Performance bezüglich der Metallisierung auf. (Pulverisette 7 Premium Line / 1 mm zirconia balls / Zirkonoxid grinding bowl, firm Fritsch) to a final fineness of about 1 μηι milled. The resulting copper (II) oxide polybutylene terephthalate hybrid is then compounded with ten percent by weight in polypropylene (Ensinger) and injection molded into workpieces. These workpieces obtained in this way can be activated by laser in a location-selective manner for electroless metallization. In comparison to specimens which contain only unmodified copper (II) oxide, the polypropylene workpieces obtained in this way have a much increased metallization performance.
Ausführungsbeispiel 2 Embodiment 2
Zwei Teile Kupfer(l)oxid werden in einen Teil Polyesterharz (Firma Presto) eingemischt und zu dünnen Platten vergossen. Nach vollständigem Aushärten der Platten werden diese zunächst mechanisch vorzerkleinert. Anschließend wird das Granulat in einer Feinprallmühle (Firma Hosokawa/Alpine) zu einer Partikelgröße von 0,5 mm vermählen und abschließend in einer Planetenkugelmühle (Pulverisette 7 Premium Line/1 mm Zirkonoxid-Kugeln/Zirkonoxid- Mahlbecher, Firma Fritsch) auf eine Endfeinheit von etwa 1 μηι vermählen. Der so erhaltene duroplastische Kupfer(l)oxid-Polyester-Hybrid wird sodann mit acht Gewichtsprozenten in Polyethylen (Firma LyondellBasell) eincompoundiert und zu Werkstücken spritzgegossen. Diese so erhaltenen Werkstücke können mittels Laser ortsselektiv für eine außenstromlose Metallisierung aktiviert werden. Im Vergleich zu Probekörpern, die lediglich nicht modifiziertes Kupfer(l)oxid enthalten, weisen die so erhaltenen Polyethylen-Werkstücke eine um ein Vielfaches erhöhte Performance bezüglich der Metallisierung auf. Two parts of copper (l) oxide are mixed into one part of polyester resin (Presto) and cast into thin plates. After complete curing of the plates they are first pre-shredded mechanically. The granules are then ground in a precision impact mill (Hosokawa / Alpine) to a particle size of 0.5 mm and finally in a planetary ball mill (Pulverisette 7 Premium Line / 1 mm zirconia balls / Zirkonoxid- Mahlbecher, company Fritsch) to a final fineness of mow about 1 μηι. The resulting thermosetting copper (I) oxide-polyester hybrid is then compounded at eight percent by weight in polyethylene (LyondellBasell) and injection molded into workpieces. These workpieces obtained in this way can be activated by laser in a location-selective manner for electroless metallization. Compared to specimens that just do not contain modified copper (I) oxide, the polyethylene workpieces thus obtained on a much increased performance with respect to the metallization.
Ausführungsbeispiel 3 Embodiment 3
Zwei Teile Eisen(lll)oxid werden bei 130 °C getrocknet und in einem Zweischneckenextruder (Firma Collin) mit einem Teil Liquid Crystal Polymer (Firma Ticona) zu einem homogenen Granulat verarbeitet. Das Granulat wird zunächst in einer Feinprallmühle (Firma  Two parts iron (III) oxide are dried at 130 ° C and processed in a twin-screw extruder (Collin) with a portion of Liquid Crystal Polymer (Ticona) to a homogeneous granules. The granules are first in a fine impact mill (company
Hosokawa/Alpine) zu einer Partikelgröße von 0,5 mm vermählen und anschließend in einer Planetenkugelmühle (Pulverisette 7 Premium Line/1 mm Zirkonoxid-Kugeln/Zirkonoxid- Mahlbecher, Firma Fritsch) auf eine Endfeinheit von etwa 1 μηι vermählen. Das so modifizierte Eisen(lll)oxid wird sodann mit zwölf Gewichtsprozenten in ein Polyurethan (Firma SLM Solutions) eingearbeitet und im Vakuumgießverfahren zu Werkstücken abgeformt. Diese so erhaltenen Werkstücke können mittels Laser ortsselektiv für eine außenstromlose Metallisierung aktiviert werden. Im Vergleich zu Probekörpern, die lediglich nicht modifiziertes Eisen(lll)oxid enthalten, weisen die so erhaltenen Polyurethan- Werkstücke eine um ein Vielfaches erhöhte Performance bezüglich der Metallisierung auf. Hosokawa / Alpine) to a particle size of 0.5 mm and then milled in a planetary ball mill (Pulverisette 7 Premium Line / 1 mm zirconium oxide balls / Zirkonoxid- Mahlbecher, firm Fritsch) to a final fineness of about 1 μηι. The thus modified iron (III) oxide is then incorporated with twelve percent by weight in a polyurethane (SLM Solutions) and molded in the vacuum casting process to workpieces. These workpieces obtained in this way can be activated by laser in a location-selective manner for electroless metallization. In comparison to specimens which contain only unmodified iron (III) oxide, the polyurethane workpieces obtained in this way have a much higher performance with regard to metallization.
Die Erfindung lässt verschiedene Ausführungsformen zu. Zur weiteren Verdeutlichung ihres Grundprinzips ist eine davon in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend beschrieben. Diese zeigt jeweils in einer geschnittenen Prinzipdarstellung in The invention allows for various embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below. This shows in each case in a cut schematic representation in
Fig. 1 ein Additiv mit unregelmäßiger Verteilung eines ersten und zweiten Bereichs; 1 shows an additive with irregular distribution of a first and second area;
Fig. 2 ein Additiv mit einem als Beschichtung auf einem, einen Kern bildenden, ersten Fig. 2 shows an additive with a coating on one, a core forming, first
Bereich ausgeführten zweiten Bereich;  Area running second area;
Fig. 3 ein Additiv mit einem, einen Kern bildenden, zweiten Bereich. FIG. 3 shows an additive with a second region forming a core. FIG.
Das erfindungsgemäße Additiv zur Herstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur auf einem nicht gezeigten Trägermaterial wird nachstehend noch anhand der Figuren 1 bis 3 näher erläutert. Hierzu enthält das Additiv 1 zumindest eine, einen ersten Bereich 2 bildende Metallverbindung. Durch eine Bestrahlung mittels eines Lasers wird diese Metallverbindung vorzugsweise selektiv aktiviert, wodurch sich in den so laseraktivierten Bereichen katalytisch wirksame Keime bilden, die anschließend metallisiert werden. Zusätzlich enthält das Additiv 1 neben der Metallverbindung noch einen zweiten Bereich 3 mit einer oder verschiedenen Substanzen von der Metallverbindung abweichender chemischer Zusammensetzung, sodass durch die Laseraktivierung die Oxidationsstufe des Metalls im Additiv 1 reduziert wird. Indem das Additiv 1 eine weitere, auf die Metallverbindung abgestimmte Substanz mit unterschiedlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung aufweist, wird für diese eine The additive according to the invention for producing an electrically conductive structure on a carrier material, not shown, is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. For this purpose, the additive 1 contains at least one metal compound forming a first region 2. By irradiation by means of a laser, this metal compound is preferably selectively activated, whereby catalytically active nuclei form in the areas thus laser-activated, which are subsequently metallized. In addition, the additive 1 contains, in addition to the metal compound, a second region 3 with one or more substances of a different chemical composition from the metal compound, so that the oxidation state of the metal in the additive 1 is reduced by the laser activation. By doing the additive 1 has a further, matched to the metal compound substance with different chemical composition, this is a
reaktionsfähige Mikroumgebung geschaffen und die chemische Reaktion mit dem created reactive microenvironment and the chemical reaction with the
Trägermaterial wesentlich verringert oder gänzlich vermieden. Der Prozess der Umwandlung der Metallverbindung in katalytisch wirksame Keime erfolgt dadurch unabhängig von dem Trägermaterial wesentlich effizienter, wobei zugleich der erforderliche Mengenanteil in dem Trägermaterial reduziert wird. Indem das Additiv 1 alle für die erforderliche chemischphysikalische Reaktion notwendigen Stoffe bereitstellt, entfällt zugleich auch die Limitierung auf bestimmte Kunststoffe bzw. Kunststoffgruppen. Carrier material significantly reduced or completely avoided. The process of converting the metal compound into catalytically active nuclei is thereby carried out much more efficiently, independently of the carrier material, while at the same time reducing the required amount in the carrier material. By providing all the substances necessary for the required chemical-physical reaction, additive 1 also eliminates the limitation to certain plastics or plastic groups.
Bei einer in der Figur 1 gezeigten Variante des Additivs 1 wird hierzu eine unregelmäßige Mischung der beiden Bereiche 2, 3 eingesetzt, welche vor allem eine einfache Herstellung beispielsweise auch während des formgebenden Verfahrens ermöglicht. In a variant of the additive 1 shown in FIG. 1, an irregular mixture of the two regions 2, 3 is used for this purpose, which, above all, permits simple production, for example also during the shaping process.
Demgegenüber kann durch eine in Figur 2 dargestellte Variante, bei welcher der zweite Bereich 3 als Beschichtung vollflächig auf die Metallverbindung aufgebracht ist, eine Trennung des Additivs 1 gegenüber dem Trägermaterial erreicht werden, um so eine unerwünschte chemische Reaktion des Trägermaterials mit der Metallverbindung zu verhindern. In contrast, by a variant shown in Figure 2, in which the second region 3 is applied as a coating over the entire surface of the metal compound, a separation of the additive 1 relative to the carrier material can be achieved, so as to prevent an undesirable chemical reaction of the carrier material with the metal compound.
Weiterhin kann bei der in Figur 3 gezeigten Variante, die Metallverbindung den zweiten Bereich 3 vollständig einschließen, wenn beispielsweise bei bestimmten Furthermore, in the variant shown in FIG. 3, the metal connection can completely enclose the second area 3, if, for example, at certain temperatures
Anwendungszwecken eine Reaktion des Additivs 1 mit dem Trägermaterial erwünscht ist und der zweite Bereich 3 lediglich die chemische Reaktion unterstützen soll. For application purposes, a reaction of the additive 1 with the carrier material is desired and the second region 3 is to support only the chemical reaction.

Claims

PATE N TAN SP RÜ C H E PATE N TAN SP RU CHE
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur, insbesondere einer Leiterbahn, auf einem nichtleitenden Trägermaterial, welches ein Additiv (1) mit zumindest einer Metallverbindung enthält, wobei das Trägermaterial mittels eines Lasers bestrahlt wird und die in dem Additiv (1) enthaltenen Metallverbindungen dadurch selektiv aktiviert werden, wodurch sich in den so laseraktivierten Bereichen katalytisch wirksame Keime bilden, die anschließend metallisiert werden, und dadurch die elektrisch leitfähige Struktur auf dem nichtleitenden Trägermaterial geschaffen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Additiv (1) neben einem durch die Metallverbindung gebildeten ersten Bereich (2) zumindest einen zweiten Bereich (3) mit unterschiedlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung enthält und durch die Laseraktivierung die Oxidationsstufe des Metalls im Additiv (1) reduziert wird. 1. A process for producing an electrically conductive structure, in particular a conductor, on a nonconductive support material which contains an additive (1) with at least one metal compound, wherein the support material is irradiated by means of a laser and the metal compounds contained in the additive (1) be selectively activated, thereby forming catalytically active nuclei in the laser-activated areas, which are then metallized, and thereby the electrically conductive structure is provided on the non-conductive substrate, characterized in that the additive (1) in addition to a first formed by the metal compound Area (2) contains at least a second region (3) with different chemical composition and by the laser activation, the oxidation state of the metal in the additive (1) is reduced.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallverbindung den Kern des Additivs (1) bildet und zumindest abschnittsweise vom zweiten Bereich (3), insbesondere als eine Beschichtung umgeben ist. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal compound forms the core of the additive (1) and at least partially surrounded by the second region (3), in particular as a coating.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallverbindung zumindest abschnittsweise durch den zweiten Bereich (3) durchdrungen ist. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal compound is at least partially penetrated by the second region (3).
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallverbindung zumindest abschnittsweise den zweiten Bereich (3) umgibt. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal compound at least partially surrounds the second region (3).
5. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 5. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass das Additiv (1) zumindest in einer Dimension kleiner als 5 μηι ist. in that the additive (1) is smaller than 5 μm in at least one dimension.
6. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 6. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Bereich (3) im Wesentlichen eine organische Verbindung ist. characterized in that the second region (3) is essentially an organic compound.
7. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Bereich (3) im Wesentlichen eine reduzierende 7. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second region (3) is substantially a reducing
Metallverbindung ist. Metal connection is.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Bereich (3) mit einer Stärke zwischen 5 nm und 2 μηι aufgebracht ist. 8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the second region (3) is applied with a thickness between 5 nm and 2 μηι.
9. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 9. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass im zweiten Bereich (3) ein Absorber eingebracht wird, welcher die Umwandlung der Laserenergie zur Laseraktivierung der in dem Additiv (1) enthaltenen Metallverbindung begünstigt. characterized in that in the second region (3) an absorber is introduced, which promotes the conversion of the laser energy for laser activation of the metal compound contained in the additive (1).
10. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 10. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die im Additiv (1) enthaltene Metallverbindung ein Metalloxid enthält. in that the metal compound contained in the additive (1) contains a metal oxide.
11. Ein zur Herstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur auf einem nichtleitenden 11. An for producing an electrically conductive structure on a non-conductive
Trägermaterial bestimmtes Additiv (1), welches zumindest eine Metallverbindung als einen ersten Bereich (2) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Additiv einen insbesondere als Beschichtung des ersten Bereichs (2) ausgeführten zweiten Bereich (3) mit Carrier material specific additive (1), which contains at least one metal compound as a first region (2), characterized in that the additive with a particular designed as a coating of the first region (2) second region (3)
unterschiedlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung enthält und durch die Laseraktivierung die Oxidationsstufe des Metalls im Additiv (1) reduzierbar ist. contains different chemical composition and by the laser activation, the oxidation state of the metal in the additive (1) is reducible.
12. Trägermaterial mit einem Additiv (1) zur Herstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur, insbesondere einer Leiterbahn, auf dem Trägermaterial nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Trägermaterial als einen wesentlichen Materialanteil ein Polymer, Halbleitermaterial, Keramik, Holz und/oder Glas enthält. 12. carrier material having an additive (1) for producing an electrically conductive structure, in particular a conductor track, on the carrier material according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier material comprises as a substantial proportion of material a polymer, semiconductor material, ceramic, wood and / or contains glass.
EP13836252.0A 2013-01-02 2013-12-06 Method for producing an electrically conductive structure on a non-conductive substrate material, and additive and substrate material intended therefor Withdrawn EP2912210A2 (en)

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