EP2739924A1 - Method and apparatus for drying workpieces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for drying workpieces

Info

Publication number
EP2739924A1
EP2739924A1 EP12741252.6A EP12741252A EP2739924A1 EP 2739924 A1 EP2739924 A1 EP 2739924A1 EP 12741252 A EP12741252 A EP 12741252A EP 2739924 A1 EP2739924 A1 EP 2739924A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
workpieces
painted
unit
units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12741252.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2739924B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Hauser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Venjakob Maschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Venjakob Maschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by Venjakob Maschinenbau GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Venjakob Maschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2739924A1 publication Critical patent/EP2739924A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2739924B1 publication Critical patent/EP2739924B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F26B9/066—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers the products to be dried being disposed on one or more containers, which may have at least partly gas-previous walls, e.g. trays or shelves in a stack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/003—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying painted workpieces. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for drying painted workpieces. State of the art
  • Drying of painted workpieces known. Such methods and arrangements have been used in great numbers for a long time and in a number of industries.
  • Curing workpieces in dry canals with UV light and hot air is mainly used in the trades for passive drying systems.
  • the painted parts remain in the surface area until they are cured to the extent that they can be further processed.
  • For the storage of freshly treated parts are known from the prior art, for example. Hordenwagen. These usually have a scissor link in order to adjust the distance of the pads to the workpiece length can.
  • the workpieces on the pallet trucks are moved to drying in drying chambers where they stay until final drying.
  • DE 10 2010 012 173 B3 describes an apparatus for drying articles, in particular painted vehicle bodies, comprising a drying tunnel. In the drying tunnel a painted workpiece is dried.
  • the known from the prior art drying tunnel have the disadvantage that only a certain residence time for the drying is scheduled for the painted workpieces.
  • the painted workpieces pass through a drying tunnel in a predetermined time. In this drying tunnel there is no possibility to dry the painted workpieces for different lengths of time. This means that no flexible drying times are possible.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the prior art. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for drying, especially painted workpieces, in which flexible drying times are achievable. Another object of the invention is, during the residence time in the drying apparatus the
  • the present invention proposes a drying device, in particular for drying painted workpieces, comprising at least two drying units, wherein the single drying unit is adapted to receive a number of painted workpieces, and heating means, which are set a constant temperature in the tro - and to produce in each of the drying units.
  • the drying device is preferably designed as a tower or dry tower.
  • the drying device is used to dry painted workpieces.
  • the drying device has at least two drying units in which the workpieces to be dried can be introduced and dried.
  • the drying device can also be an evaporation device, a
  • drying means any type of crosslinking, polymerization and curing of material, in particular the curing of a coating by radiation. In doing so, a high surface quality and thus a uniform smoother course of the paint should be achieved.
  • the drying process of the painted workpieces is carried out in the drying units of the drying device preferably at 80 ° C.
  • different temperatures for drying painted workpieces are to be selected when paints require a higher or lower temperature for drying on a workpiece.
  • the evaporation process of the painted workpieces is preferably carried out at room temperature in the evaporator.
  • the volatile parts of a paint applied to a workpiece volatilize. Annealing heats a material for an extended period of time. With such a method it is possible, for example, to control the distribution of mechanical stresses in a component.
  • the lacquered workpieces are preferably painted sheets, in particular parts from the automotive industry, as well as lacquered objects made of wood, plastic, porcelain or ceramic, etc.
  • a number of lacquered materials are preferably a plurality of lacquered materials Workpieces that can be applied to a workpiece carrier system, a pallet or another device and are collectively introduced into a drying unit.
  • the at least two drying units are dimensioned so that individual workpieces or a certain number of
  • Workpieces eg. On a workpiece carrier system
  • the drying units are preferably designed as chambers or drying chambers, which are dimensioned accordingly for drying workpieces.
  • the heating means are provided as a heat source for the drying of the painted workpieces. Such heating means produce, for example, medium or long-wave infrared radiation or UV light. By means of hot air, drying is also possible.
  • the heating means are arranged centrally in the drying device, so that each drying unit can be heated to a predetermined temperature. Thus, a predetermined constant temperature is established in each of the drying units and in the entire drying apparatus at which the number of painted workpieces is to be dried.
  • the humidity within the drying device and the supply and the composition of a gas are adjustable. During drying, a warm air flow is generated in the corresponding drying unit.
  • the air flow flows during the drying phase in the horizontal and / or vertical direction in the individual chambers.
  • the individual chambers have perforated trays which allow air flow from chamber to chamber in the drying device.
  • a vertical air flow from chamber to chamber in addition to the above-mentioned air flows in the individual chambers of the drying device, which has, for example, superimposed drying units, a vertical air flow from chamber to chamber.
  • the drying units can be loaded independently of one another with workpieces.
  • a first number of painted workpieces is stored in a corresponding first drying unit, so that the first drying unit can be loaded with workpieces.
  • a second number of painted workpieces is stored in a corresponding second drying unit, so that the second drying unit can be charged with workpieces independently of the first drying unit.
  • the drying units have at least one opening, which are set up as an input and / or output for the workpieces to be dried.
  • the openings are closable openings, such as flaps. But it can also be provided locks for closing the openings.
  • the openings must be closable so that the same temperature prevails within the drying unit in the drying units. An air supply from outside the drying device can be prevented.
  • the drying device has at least one distributor device, wherein the workpieces are storable and / or storable by means of the distributor device in the drying units.
  • the distributor device is designed on the one hand to load the drying units of the drying device painted with workpieces. On the other hand, the distributor device is designed to bring the dried workpieces (after drying) out of the corresponding drying unit again.
  • the distributor device has a lifting device and a conveying device.
  • the lifting device is slidably mounted on the distributor device. A displacement of the lifting device takes place vertically along the distributor device and corresponds to an up and down movement of the lifting device.
  • the lifting device further comprises a conveying device. The lifting device raises the workpieces to the height where there is a free drying unit for receiving the workpieces in the drying device. The workpieces are then using the distributor device can be stored in the drying units and / or outsourced.
  • the dimensions of the drying unit for receiving a workpiece carrier system are selected.
  • the number of workpieces can be stored on a workpiece carrier system in the drying unit.
  • the workpiece carrier system is, for example, a transport unit for receiving the plurality of workpieces or for receiving only one workpiece.
  • the workpiece carrier system may, for example, also be a belt, grid, steel, belt transport or roller conveyor belt.
  • the conveying device, as described above, can also be designed as a workpiece carrier system.
  • the distributor device has a lifting device and / or a displacement device.
  • the lifting device as described above, can perform only a vertical up and down movement along the distributor device, the displacement device performs a horizontal movement of the distributor device.
  • the drying units are arranged vertically one above the other and / or vertically next to one another.
  • the drying device has a control unit for controlling the distributor device.
  • the control unit is set for storage of the workpieces in a free drying unit in the drying device and for the removal of the workpieces from the drying device.
  • control unit has a timepiece, a memory and a processor for determining the residence time of the workpieces in each case one of the drying units.
  • the timer is used to measure the time that the workpiece to be dried in the drying device has already dried.
  • the memory stores all information, for example, which lacquer is to dry on which workpiece, how long the workpieces already dry in the drying unit and how long the drying process will take in which of the drying units.
  • the processor calculates when the workpieces are removed from the device ready dried.
  • the control unit detects whether a free drying unit is available in the drying device. If a free drying unit is found, the workpiece is stored in the free drying unit by means of the distributor device controlled by the control device. As mentioned above, the control unit determines how long a workpiece has to dry at a constant temperature. After completion of the drying process, the dried workpiece is removed from the drying unit by means of the controlled distributor device.
  • drying devices are provided, which can be approached by means of distributor device and displacement device.
  • the distribution device with the lifting device and the conveyor device is horizontally displaceable.
  • Further horizontally juxtaposed drying devices can be approached, which, for example, all have the same temperature T1 in the drying units, as described above.
  • drying devices are also provided which, unlike the drying devices described above, have a different temperature T2 for drying the workpieces, the temperature T2 in the drying units also being constant here.
  • the present invention proposes a method for drying, in particular for drying painted workpieces, comprising the following steps: receiving a first number of painted workpieces in a drying unit of a drying device, drying the first number of painted workpieces in the first drying unit at a constant temperature T, receiving at least a second number of painted workpieces in a further drying unit of the drying device, drying the at least second number of painted workpieces in the further drying unit at a constant temperature T, removing the first number of painted workpieces from the respective drying unit after a Drying time tl and removal of the second number of painted workpieces from the second drying unit after a drying time t2.
  • the first and the second number of workpieces can be dried independently of one another in terms of time. Accordingly, the first number of workpieces, for example, after a time tl and the second Number of workpieces are outsourced after a time t2 from the drying device. Furthermore, further number of workpieces t3-ti can be dried independently of one another at constant temperature T in the drying device.
  • a drying of painted workpieces in at least one second drying device with a constant temperature T2 is provided.
  • the first and the second number of workpieces can be dried independently of one another in terms of time. Accordingly, the first number of workpieces, for example, after a time tl and the second number of workpieces after a time t2 be outsourced from the second drying device. Furthermore, a further number of workpieces t3-ti at constant temperature T in the second drying device can be dried independently of one another over time.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein a first number of painted workpieces is located on a conveying device.
  • Figure 2 shows a second schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein the first number of painted workpieces is on a lifting device.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein the first number of painted workpieces is in a drying unit.
  • Figure 4 shows a fourth schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein a second number of painted workpieces is removed from the drying unit.
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the drying device according to the invention of FIGS. 1-4.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment to FIGS. 1-6.
  • FIG. 8 shows a top view of the drying device according to the invention of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conveying device 8 which extends from the painting device 10 to a distributor device 3.
  • a lifting device 4 which is vertically displaceable upwards along the distributor device 3, is mounted.
  • the lifting device 4 has a conveying device 5.
  • the conveying device 5 is provided on the lifting device 4.
  • the lifting device 4 facing away from the end of the conveyor device 5 is connected to a drying device 1.
  • the drying device 1 consists of a multiplicity of drying units 2.1 to 2.15 arranged one above the other. For clarity, not all drying units are labeled individually.
  • the drying device 1 also has a control unit 12.
  • the distributor device 3 and the drying device 1 can be controlled by the control unit.
  • the storage of the painted workpieces 6.1 in a free drying unit 2 of the drying device 1 and the outsourcing of the dried workpieces 6.1 from the drying device 1 are executable by means of the control unit 12.
  • FIG. 2 shows the vertical displacement of the lifting device 4 along the distributor device 3 (arrow B).
  • the original position of the lifting device 4 and the Fördevorraum of FIG. 1 is shown in dashed lines.
  • Each drying unit 2.1 to 2.15 has an opening 7, which is provided with a flap to prevent an air supply from outside the drying device 1.
  • the opening 7 is located on the side of the drying unit at which the workpieces are stored and retrieved. For the sake of overview only one opening 7 is shown.
  • the workpieces 6.1 to be dried are located on the conveyor 5 on the way to the drying device 1 (arrow C). As shown in Figure 3, the flap 7 is folded up.
  • the drying unit 2.6 is prepared for the storage of the workpieces 6.1.
  • the conveyor 5 conveys the
  • FIG. 4 shows further workpieces 6.2, etc., which have also been stored in the drying device 1 in further drying units 2.4, etc. for the drying process at a constant temperature.
  • the drying time of the workpieces 6.2 is completed in FIG. 4, so that the workpieces 6.2 can be removed from the drying unit 2.4. Since the drying of the workpieces 6.2 takes place temporally independently of the drying of the workpieces 6.1, etc., the drying of the workpieces 6.1, etc. in this case is not completed.
  • the flap 7 is opened to the dried workpieces 6.2 from the
  • Drying unit 2.4 outsource.
  • the outsourcing of the workpieces 6.2 takes place in the direction of arrow D.
  • the conveying device 5 stores the workpieces 6.2 out of the drying unit 2.4 in the direction of the distributor device 3.
  • Workpieces 6.2 can be transported away by means of a conveyor 9.
  • the lifting device 4 must first be lowered to the level of the conveying device 9 with the workpieces 6.2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a displacement device 11.
  • the distribution device 3 with the lifting device 4 and the conveying device 5 is horizontally displaceable (arrow E). Painted workpieces can be stored in one of the free drying units of the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4. After drying, the workpieces on the conveyor 9 are transported away.
  • FIG. 6 shows, like FIG. 5, a displacement device 11. By means of a displacement device 11, the distribution device 3 with the lifting device 4 and the conveying device 5 can be displaced horizontally (arrow E).
  • FIG. 5 shows a displacement device 11.
  • drying devices 1.1 to 1.4 in addition to the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4, further drying devices arranged horizontally next to one another are provided. For clarity, not all dryers are individually labeled.
  • the other drying devices have to the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4 other temperatures in the respective drying units (eg. 25 ° C, 45 ° C, 60 ° C and 80 ° C). For clarity, not all dryers are individually labeled.
  • FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment to FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • the flap 7 In contrast to FIG. 4, after the drying time of the materials, not the flap 7 but the flap T is opened in order to remove the dried workpieces from the drying unit.
  • the flap 7 ' is arranged on the opposite side of the flap 7.
  • the conveying device 5 ' transports the workpieces 6.1 in the direction of the distributor device 3' onto the lifting device 4 '.
  • the lifting device 4 is at the level shut down the conveyor 9 '.
  • the workpieces 6.1 can be removed via the conveyor 9 '.
  • FIG. 8 shows, in contrast to FIG. 6, a further sliding device 11 '.
  • displacement device 11 ' is the distribution device 3' with the lifting device 4 'and the conveyor 5' horizontally displaceable (arrow E ').
  • This makes it possible to outsource dried workpieces from the drying device 1 and to feed the conveying device 9 '(arrow F').
  • further drying devices arranged horizontally next to one another are provided.
  • the other drying devices have to the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4 other temperatures in the respective drying units (eg. 25 ° C, 45 ° C, 60 ° C and 80 ° C).
  • the invention provides an apparatus and a method for drying, in particular painted workpieces, in which flexible drying times can be achieved and in which the workpieces can rest during the dwell time in the drying apparatus.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for drying, in particular for drying varnished workpieces (6), having at least two drying units (2), wherein the individual drying unit is equipped to receive a number of varnished workpieces, and heating means which are equipped to generate a constant temperature in the drying apparatus (1) and in each of the drying units (2).

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Werkstücken  Method and device for drying workpieces
Gebiet der Erfindung Field of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von lackierten Werkstücken. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von lackierten Werkstücken. Stand der Technik The invention relates to a method for drying painted workpieces. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for drying painted workpieces. State of the art
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Trockenvorrichtungen zum The prior art drying devices for
Trocknen von lackierten Werkstücken bekannt. Derartige Verfahren und Anordnungen sind in großer Vielzahl seit langem und in etlichen Industriezweigen im Einsatz. Drying of painted workpieces known. Such methods and arrangements have been used in great numbers for a long time and in a number of industries.
Während im industriellen Bereich die frisch lackierten While in the industrial sector the freshly painted
Werkstücke in Trockenkanälen mit UV-Licht und Heißluft aushärten, werden im Handwerk hauptsächlich passive Trocknungs- Systeme eingesetzt. Die lackierten Teile verbleiben im Oberflächenbereich bis sie soweit ausgehärtet sind, dass sie weiterbearbeitet werden können. Für die Ablage der frisch behandelten Teile sind aus dem Stand der Technik bspw. Hordenwagen bekannt. Diese weisen üblicherweise eine Scherenverbindung auf, um den Abstand der Auflagen an die Werkstücklänge anpassen zu können. Die Werkstücke auf den Hordenwägen werden zum Trocknen in Trockenkammern gefahren wo sie bis zur endgültigen Trocknung verweilen. In der DE 10 2010 012 173 B3 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Gegenständen, insbesondere von lackierten Fahrzeugka- rosserien beschrieben, die einen Trockentunnel umfasst. Im Trockentunnel wird ein lackiertes Werkstück getrocknet. Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Trockentunnel haben den Nachteil, dass für die lackierten Werkstücke lediglich eine bestimmte Verweildauer für die Trocknung eingeplant ist. Bei der Trocknung durchlaufen die lackierten Werkstücke in einer vorbestimmten Zeit einen Trockentunnel. In diesem Trockentunnel besteht damit keine Möglichkeit, die lackierten Werkstücke unterschiedlich lange zu trocknen. D.h. es sind keine flexiblen Trockenzeiten möglich. Curing workpieces in dry canals with UV light and hot air is mainly used in the trades for passive drying systems. The painted parts remain in the surface area until they are cured to the extent that they can be further processed. For the storage of freshly treated parts are known from the prior art, for example. Hordenwagen. These usually have a scissor link in order to adjust the distance of the pads to the workpiece length can. The workpieces on the pallet trucks are moved to drying in drying chambers where they stay until final drying. DE 10 2010 012 173 B3 describes an apparatus for drying articles, in particular painted vehicle bodies, comprising a drying tunnel. In the drying tunnel a painted workpiece is dried. The known from the prior art drying tunnel have the disadvantage that only a certain residence time for the drying is scheduled for the painted workpieces. During drying, the painted workpieces pass through a drying tunnel in a predetermined time. In this drying tunnel there is no possibility to dry the painted workpieces for different lengths of time. This means that no flexible drying times are possible.
Aufgabe der Erfindung Object of the invention
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile des Stands der Technik zu verbessern. Folglich ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Trocknung, insbesondere von lackierten Werkstücken bereitzustellen, bei welchen flexible TrocknungsZeiten erreichbar sind. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, während der Verweildauer in der Trockenvorrichtung die The object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the prior art. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for drying, especially painted workpieces, in which flexible drying times are achievable. Another object of the invention is, during the residence time in the drying apparatus the
Werkstücke ruhen zu lassen, d.h. dass die Werkstücke keine Bewegung erfahren. To rest workpieces, i. that the workpieces do not experience any movement.
Beschreibung der Erfindung Die Aufgabe wird durch die unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst.DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object is solved by the independent claims.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen definiert. Advantageous developments are defined in the subclaims.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe schlägt die vorliegende Erfindung eine Trockenvorrichtung, insbesondere zum Trocknen von lackierten Werkstücken vor, aufweisend mindestens zwei Trockeneinheiten, wobei die einzelne Trockeneinheit zur Aufnahme einer Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken eingerichtet ist, und Heizmittel, die eingerichtet sind eine konstante Temperatur in der Tro- ckenvorrichtung und in jeder der Trockeneinheiten zu erzeugen. To achieve the object, the present invention proposes a drying device, in particular for drying painted workpieces, comprising at least two drying units, wherein the single drying unit is adapted to receive a number of painted workpieces, and heating means, which are set a constant temperature in the tro - and to produce in each of the drying units.
Die Trockenvorrichtung ist bevorzugt als Turm oder Trocken- türm ausgelegt. Die Trockenvorrichtung dient der Trocknung von lackierten Werkstücken. Die Trockenvorrichtung weist mindestens zwei Trockeneinheiten auf, in welchen die zu trocknenden Werkstücke einbringbar und trockenbar sind. Die Trockenvorrichtung kann auch eine Abdunstvorrichtung, eine The drying device is preferably designed as a tower or dry tower. The drying device is used to dry painted workpieces. The drying device has at least two drying units in which the workpieces to be dried can be introduced and dried. The drying device can also be an evaporation device, a
Dunstvorrichtung oder eine Tempervorrichtung sein. Be misting device or a tempering.
Unter dem Begriff Trocknen ist jede Art der Vernetzung, des Polymerisierens und des Aushärtens von Material zu verstehen, insbesondere das Aushärten eines Lackes durch Strahlung. Da- bei soll eine hohe Oberflächengüte und damit ein gleichmäßig glatter Verlauf des Lackes erreicht werden. The term drying means any type of crosslinking, polymerization and curing of material, in particular the curing of a coating by radiation. In doing so, a high surface quality and thus a uniform smoother course of the paint should be achieved.
Der Trocknungsvorgang der lackierten Werkstücke erfolgt in den Trockeneinheiten der Trockenvorrichtung bevorzugt bei 80°C. Entsprechend andere Temperaturen zum Trocknen von lackierten Werkstücken sind dann zu wählen, wenn Lacke eine höhere oder niedrigere Temperatur zur Trocknung auf einem Werkstück benötigen. Der Abdunstvorgang der lackierten Werkstücke erfolgt bevorzugt bei Raumtemperatur in der Abdunstvorrichtung. Beim Abdunstvorgang verflüchtigen sich die flüchtigen Teile eines auf ein Werkstück aufgetragenen Lacks. Beim Tempern wird ein Material über einen längeren Zeitraum erhitzt. Mit einem solchen Verfahren ist es beispielsweise möglich, die Verteilung mechanischer Spannungen in einem Bauteil zu kontrollieren. Durch das Tempern ist es möglich gezielt die Struktur und die physikalischen Eigenschaften eines Festkörpers zu verändern, bspw. das Gefüge bei Werkstücken aus Metall. Die Steuerung des Alterungsprozesses oder eines Antikisierungseffektes eines Werkstückes ist somit möglich. Bei den lackierten Werkstücken handelt es sich bevorzugt um lackierte Bleche, insbesondere um Teile aus dem Automobilbau, sowie um lackierte Gegenstände aus Holz, Kunststoff, Porzellan oder Keramik, etc.. Bei einer Anzahl von lackierten Werkstoffen handelt es sich bevorzugt um eine Vielzahl von lackierten Werkstücken, die auf einem WerkstückträgerSystem, einer Palette oder einer anderen Vorrichtung aufbringbar sind und gemeinsam in eine Trockeneinheit einbringbar sind. The drying process of the painted workpieces is carried out in the drying units of the drying device preferably at 80 ° C. Correspondingly, different temperatures for drying painted workpieces are to be selected when paints require a higher or lower temperature for drying on a workpiece. The evaporation process of the painted workpieces is preferably carried out at room temperature in the evaporator. During the evaporation process, the volatile parts of a paint applied to a workpiece volatilize. Annealing heats a material for an extended period of time. With such a method it is possible, for example, to control the distribution of mechanical stresses in a component. By annealing it is possible to target the structure and the physical properties of a To change solids, for example, the structure of workpieces made of metal. The control of the aging process or a Antikisierungseffektes a workpiece is thus possible. The lacquered workpieces are preferably painted sheets, in particular parts from the automotive industry, as well as lacquered objects made of wood, plastic, porcelain or ceramic, etc. A number of lacquered materials are preferably a plurality of lacquered materials Workpieces that can be applied to a workpiece carrier system, a pallet or another device and are collectively introduced into a drying unit.
Die mindestens zwei Trockeneinheiten sind so dimensioniert, dass einzelne Werkstücke oder eine bestimmte Anzahl von The at least two drying units are dimensioned so that individual workpieces or a certain number of
Werkstücken (bspw. auf einem Werkstückträgersystem) aufnehmbar und in der Trockeneinheit trockenbar sind. Workpieces (eg. On a workpiece carrier system) are receivable and dryable in the drying unit.
Die Trockeneinheiten sind bevorzugt als Kammern bzw. Trockenkammern ausgebildet, die zum Trocknen von Werkstücken entsprechend dimensioniert sind. Die Heizmittel sind als Wärmequelle für die Trocknung der lackierten Werkstücke vorgesehen. Derartige Heizmittel erzeugen bspw. mittel- oder langwellige Infrarotstrahlung oder UV- Licht. Mittels Heißluftzufuhr ist eine Trocknung ebenfalls möglich. Die Heizmittel sind zentral in der Trockenvorrich- tung angeordnet, so dass jede Trockeneinheit auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur erwärmbar ist. Damit stellt sich eine vorbestimmte, konstante Temperatur in jeder der Trockeneinheiten und in der gesamten Trockenvorrichtung ein, bei der die Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken zu trocknen sind. Neben der Temperatur sind die Luftfeuchtigkeit innerhalb der Trockenvorrichtung sowie die Zufuhr und die Zusammensetzung eines Gases einstellbar. Beim Trocknen wird ein warmer Luftstrom in der entsprechenden Trockeneinheit erzeugt. Der Luftstrom strömt während der Trocknungsphase in horizontaler und/oder vertikaler Richtung in den einzelnen Kammern. Bevorzugterweise weisen die einzelnen Kammern gelochte Böden auf, die eine Luftströmung von Kammer zu Kammer in der Trockenvorrichtung ermöglichen. Damit stellt sich neben den oben erwähnten Luftströmungen in den einzelnen Kammern der Trockenvorrichtung, die bspw. übereinander angeordnete Trocken- einheiten aufweist, eine vertikale Luftströmung von Kammer zu Kammer ein. The drying units are preferably designed as chambers or drying chambers, which are dimensioned accordingly for drying workpieces. The heating means are provided as a heat source for the drying of the painted workpieces. Such heating means produce, for example, medium or long-wave infrared radiation or UV light. By means of hot air, drying is also possible. The heating means are arranged centrally in the drying device, so that each drying unit can be heated to a predetermined temperature. Thus, a predetermined constant temperature is established in each of the drying units and in the entire drying apparatus at which the number of painted workpieces is to be dried. In addition to the Temperature, the humidity within the drying device and the supply and the composition of a gas are adjustable. During drying, a warm air flow is generated in the corresponding drying unit. The air flow flows during the drying phase in the horizontal and / or vertical direction in the individual chambers. Preferably, the individual chambers have perforated trays which allow air flow from chamber to chamber in the drying device. Thus, in addition to the above-mentioned air flows in the individual chambers of the drying device, which has, for example, superimposed drying units, a vertical air flow from chamber to chamber.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Trockenvorrichtung sind die Trockeneinheiten unabhängig vonein- ander mit Werkstücken beschickbar. In a preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the drying units can be loaded independently of one another with workpieces.
Eine erste Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken wird in eine entsprechend erste Trockeneinheit eingelagert, so dass die erste Trockeneinheit mit Werkstücken beschickbar ist. Eine zweite Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken wird in eine entsprechend zweite Trockeneinheit eingelagert, so dass auch die zweite Trockeneinheit unabhängig von der ersten Trockeneinheit mit Werkstücken beschickbar ist. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Trockenvorrichtung weisen die Trockeneinheiten mindestens eine Öffnung auf, die als Eingang und/oder Ausgang für die zu trocknenden Werkstücke eingerichtet sind. Bei den Öffnungen handelt es sich um verschließbare Öffnungen, wie z.B. Klappen. Es können aber auch Schleusen zum Verschließen der Öffnungen vorgesehen werden. Die Öffnungen müssen verschließbar sein, damit innerhalb der Trockenvorrich- tung in den Trockeneinheiten konstant dieselbe Temperatur herrscht. Eine Luftzufuhr von außerhalb der Trockenvorrichtung kann so verhindert werden. A first number of painted workpieces is stored in a corresponding first drying unit, so that the first drying unit can be loaded with workpieces. A second number of painted workpieces is stored in a corresponding second drying unit, so that the second drying unit can be charged with workpieces independently of the first drying unit. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the drying units have at least one opening, which are set up as an input and / or output for the workpieces to be dried. The openings are closable openings, such as flaps. But it can also be provided locks for closing the openings. The openings must be closable so that the same temperature prevails within the drying unit in the drying units. An air supply from outside the drying device can be prevented.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderi- sehen Trockenvorrichtung weist die Trockenvorrichtung mindestens eine Verteilervorrichtung auf, wobei die Werkstücke mittels der Verteilervorrichtung in die Trockeneinheiten einlagerbar und/oder auslagerbar sind. Die Verteilervorrichtung ist einerseits ausgelegt, die Trockeneinheiten der Trockenvorrichtung lackierten mit Werkstücken zu beschicken. Andererseits ist die Verteilervorrichtung ausgelegt, die getrockneten Werkstücke (nach erfolgter Trocknung) wieder aus der entsprechenden Trockeneinheit herauszu- fördern. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the drying device has at least one distributor device, wherein the workpieces are storable and / or storable by means of the distributor device in the drying units. The distributor device is designed on the one hand to load the drying units of the drying device painted with workpieces. On the other hand, the distributor device is designed to bring the dried workpieces (after drying) out of the corresponding drying unit again.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Trockenvorrichtung weist die Verteilervorrichtung eine Hubvorrichtung und eine Fördervorrichtung auf. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the distributor device has a lifting device and a conveying device.
Die Hubvorrichtung ist an der Verteilervorrichtung verschiebbar angebracht. Eine Verschiebung der Hubvorrichtung erfolgt vertikal entlang der Verteilervorrichtung und entspricht einer eine Auf- und Abwärtsbewegung der Hubvorrichtung. Die Hubvorrichtung weist ferner eine Fördervorrichtung auf. Die Hubvorrichtung hebt die Werkstücke auf die Höhe an, wo sich eine freie Trockeneinheit zur Aufnahme der Werkstücke in der Trockenvorrichtung befindet. Die Werkstücke sind dann mittels der Verteilervorrichtung in die Trockeneinheiten einlagerbar und/oder auslagerbar. The lifting device is slidably mounted on the distributor device. A displacement of the lifting device takes place vertically along the distributor device and corresponds to an up and down movement of the lifting device. The lifting device further comprises a conveying device. The lifting device raises the workpieces to the height where there is a free drying unit for receiving the workpieces in the drying device. The workpieces are then using the distributor device can be stored in the drying units and / or outsourced.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderi- sehen Trockenvorrichtung sind die Abmessungen der Trockeneinheit zur Aufnahme eines Werkstückträgersystems gewählt. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the dimensions of the drying unit for receiving a workpiece carrier system are selected.
Die Anzahl von Werkstücken kann auf einem Werkstückträgersystem in die Trockeneinheit eingelagert werden. Bei dem Werk- stückträgerSystem handelt es sich bspw. um eine Transporteinheit zur Aufnahme der Vielzahl von Werkstücken bzw. zur Aufnahme nur eines Werkstücks. Bei dem Werkstückträgersystem kann es sich bspw. auch um ein Gurt-, Gitter-, Stahl-, Riementransport-, oder Rollentransportband handeln. Die Förder- Vorrichtung, wie oben beschrieben, kann auch als Werkstückträgersystem ausgebildet sein. The number of workpieces can be stored on a workpiece carrier system in the drying unit. The workpiece carrier system is, for example, a transport unit for receiving the plurality of workpieces or for receiving only one workpiece. The workpiece carrier system may, for example, also be a belt, grid, steel, belt transport or roller conveyor belt. The conveying device, as described above, can also be designed as a workpiece carrier system.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Trockenvorrichtung weist die Verteilervorrichtung eine Hubvorrichtung und/oder Verschiebevorrichtung auf. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the distributor device has a lifting device and / or a displacement device.
Während die Hubvorrichtung, wie oben beschrieben lediglich eine vertikale Auf- und Abwärtsbewegung entlang der Verteilervorrichtung ausführen kann, führt die Verschiebevorrich- tung eine horizontale Bewegung der Verteilervorrichtung aus. While the lifting device, as described above, can perform only a vertical up and down movement along the distributor device, the displacement device performs a horizontal movement of the distributor device.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Trockenvorrichtung sind die Trockeneinheiten vertikal übereinander und/oder vertikal nebeneinander angeordnet. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the drying units are arranged vertically one above the other and / or vertically next to one another.
Somit ist es möglich eine Vielzahl von Trockeneinheiten nebeneinander und übereinander mit Werkstücken zu beschicken. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Trockenvorrichtung weist die Trockenvorrichtung eine Steuerungseinheit zum Ansteuern der Verteilervorrichtung auf. Die Steuereinheit ist zur Einlagerung der Werkstücke in eine freie Trockeneinheit in der Trockenvorrichtung und zur Auslagerung der Werkstücke aus der Trockenvorrichtung eingestellt. Thus, it is possible to load a plurality of drying units side by side and one above the other with workpieces. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive drying device, the drying device has a control unit for controlling the distributor device. The control unit is set for storage of the workpieces in a free drying unit in the drying device and for the removal of the workpieces from the drying device.
Weiterhin weist die Steuereinheit ein Zeitmessgerät, einen Speicher und einen Prozessor zur Bestimmung der Verweildauer der Werkstücke in jeweils einer der Trockeneinheiten auf. Furthermore, the control unit has a timepiece, a memory and a processor for determining the residence time of the workpieces in each case one of the drying units.
Mit dem Zeitmessgerät wird die Zeit gemessen, die das zu trocknende Werkstück in der Trockenvorrichtung bereits getrocknet ist. Der Speicher speichert sämtliche Informationen, bspw. welcher Lack auf welchem Werkstück zu trocknen ist, wie lange die Werkstücke bereits in der Trockeneinheit trocknen und wie lange der Trockenvorgang in welcher der Trockeneinheiten noch dauern wird. Der Prozessor berechnet, wann die Werkstücke aus der Vorrichtung fertig getrocknet entnehmbar sind. Die Steuereinheit erfasst, ob eine freie Trockeneinheit in der Trockenvorrichtung zur Verfügung steht. Ist eine freie Trockeneinheit ausfindig gemacht, wird das Werkstück mittels der von der Steuereinrichtung angesteuerten Verteilervorrichtung in die freie Trockeneinheit eingelagert. Die Steuerein- heit stellt wie obenerwähnt fest, wie lange ein Werkstück bei einer konstanten Temperatur zu trocknen hat. Nach Abschluss Trocknungsvorgangs wird das getrocknete Werkstück mittels der angesteuerten Verteilervorrichtung aus der Trockeneinheit ausgelagert. The timer is used to measure the time that the workpiece to be dried in the drying device has already dried. The memory stores all information, for example, which lacquer is to dry on which workpiece, how long the workpieces already dry in the drying unit and how long the drying process will take in which of the drying units. The processor calculates when the workpieces are removed from the device ready dried. The control unit detects whether a free drying unit is available in the drying device. If a free drying unit is found, the workpiece is stored in the free drying unit by means of the distributor device controlled by the control device. As mentioned above, the control unit determines how long a workpiece has to dry at a constant temperature. After completion of the drying process, the dried workpiece is removed from the drying unit by means of the controlled distributor device.
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung sind weitere Trockenvorrichtungen vorgesehen, die mittels Verteilervorrichtung und Verschiebevorrichtung anfahrbar sind. Mittels Verschiebevorrichtung ist die Verteilungsvorrichtung mit der Hubvorrichtung und der Fördervorrichtung horizontal verschiebbar. Es sind weitere horizontal nebeneinander ange- ordnete Trockenvorrichtungen anfahrbar, die bspw. alle dieselbe Temperatur Tl in den Trockeneinheiten aufweisen, wie zuvor beschrieben. In a further embodiment of the present invention, further drying devices are provided, which can be approached by means of distributor device and displacement device. By means of a displacement device, the distribution device with the lifting device and the conveyor device is horizontally displaceable. Further horizontally juxtaposed drying devices can be approached, which, for example, all have the same temperature T1 in the drying units, as described above.
Es werden aber auch Trockenvorrichtungen vorgesehen, die an- ders als die oben beschriebenen Trockenvorrichtungen eine andere Temperatur T2 zur Trocknung der Werkstücke aufweisen, wobei auch hier die Temperatur T2 in den Trockeneinheiten konstant ist. Zur Lösung der Aufgabe schlägt die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Trocknen, insbesondere zum Trocknen von lackierten Werkstücken, vor, nachfolgende Schritte aufweisend: Aufnahme einer ersten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken in eine Trockeneinheit einer Trockenvorrichtung, Trocknung der ersten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken in der ersten Trockeneinheit bei konstanter Temperatur T, Aufnahme mindestens einer zweiten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken in eine weitere Trockeneinheit der Trockenvorrichtung, Trocknung der mindestens zweiten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken in der weiteren Trockeneinheit bei konstanter Temperatur T, Entnahme der ersten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken aus der jeweiligen Trockeneinheit nach einer Trocknungszeit tl und Entnahme der zweiten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken aus der zweiten Trockeneinheit nach einer Trocknungszeit t2. However, drying devices are also provided which, unlike the drying devices described above, have a different temperature T2 for drying the workpieces, the temperature T2 in the drying units also being constant here. To achieve the object, the present invention proposes a method for drying, in particular for drying painted workpieces, comprising the following steps: receiving a first number of painted workpieces in a drying unit of a drying device, drying the first number of painted workpieces in the first drying unit at a constant temperature T, receiving at least a second number of painted workpieces in a further drying unit of the drying device, drying the at least second number of painted workpieces in the further drying unit at a constant temperature T, removing the first number of painted workpieces from the respective drying unit after a Drying time tl and removal of the second number of painted workpieces from the second drying unit after a drying time t2.
Bei einer konstanten Temperatur T in der Trockenvorrichtung sind die erste und die zweite Anzahl von Werkstücken zeitlich unabhängig voneinander trockenbar. Demnach kann die erste Anzahl von Werkstücken bspw. nach einer Zeit tl und die zweite Anzahl von Werkstücken nach einer Zeit t2 aus der Trockenvorrichtung ausgelagert werden. Ferner ist sind weitere Anzahl von Werkstücken t3-ti bei konstanter Temperatur T in der Trockenvorrichtung zeitlich unabhängig voneinander trockenbar . At a constant temperature T in the drying apparatus, the first and the second number of workpieces can be dried independently of one another in terms of time. Accordingly, the first number of workpieces, for example, after a time tl and the second Number of workpieces are outsourced after a time t2 from the drying device. Furthermore, further number of workpieces t3-ti can be dried independently of one another at constant temperature T in the drying device.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfinderischen Verfahrens zum Trocknen ist eine Trocknung von lackierten Werkstücken in mindestens einer zweiten Trockenvorrichtung mit konstanter Temperatur T2 vorgesehen. In a further preferred embodiment of the inventive method for drying, a drying of painted workpieces in at least one second drying device with a constant temperature T2 is provided.
Bei einer konstanten Temperatur T2 in der zweiten Trockenvorrichtung sind die erste und die zweite Anzahl von Werkstücken zeitlich unabhängig voneinander trockenbar. Demnach kann die erste Anzahl von Werkstücken bspw. nach einer Zeit tl und die zweite Anzahl von Werkstücken nach einer Zeit t2 aus der zweiten Trockenvorrichtung ausgelagert werden. Ferner ist eine weitere Anzahl von Werkstücken t3-ti bei konstanter Temperatur T in der zweiten Trockenvorrichtung zeitlich unabhängig voneinander trockenbar. At a constant temperature T2 in the second drying device, the first and the second number of workpieces can be dried independently of one another in terms of time. Accordingly, the first number of workpieces, for example, after a time tl and the second number of workpieces after a time t2 be outsourced from the second drying device. Furthermore, a further number of workpieces t3-ti at constant temperature T in the second drying device can be dried independently of one another over time.
Kurze Beschreibung der Figuren Brief description of the figures
Figur 1 zeigt eine erste schematische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Trockenvorrichtung, wobei sich eine erste Anzahl la- ckierter Werkstücke auf einer Fördervorrichtung befindet. FIG. 1 shows a first schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein a first number of painted workpieces is located on a conveying device.
Figur 2 zeigt eine zweite schematische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Trockenvorrichtung, wobei sich die erste Anzahl lackierter Werkstücke auf einer Hubvorrichtung befindet. Figure 2 shows a second schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein the first number of painted workpieces is on a lifting device.
Figur 3 zeigt eine dritte schematische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Trockenvorrichtung, wobei sich die erste Anzahl lackierter Werkstücke in einer Trockeneinheit befindet. Figur 4 zeigt eine vierte schematische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Trockenvorrichtung, wobei eine zweite Anzahl lackierter Werkstücke aus der Trockeneinheit ausgelagert wird. Figur 5 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Trockenvorrichtung der Figuren 1 — 4. Figure 3 shows a third schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein the first number of painted workpieces is in a drying unit. Figure 4 shows a fourth schematic view of the drying device according to the invention, wherein a second number of painted workpieces is removed from the drying unit. FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the drying device according to the invention of FIGS. 1-4.
Figur 6 zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform der Figur 5. Figur 7 zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform zu den Figuren 1 - 6. FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment to FIGS. 1-6.
In Figur 8 zeigt Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Trockenvorrichtung der Figur 7. FIG. 8 shows a top view of the drying device according to the invention of FIG. 7.
Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen Description of preferred embodiments
Figur 1 zeigt eine Fördervorrichtung 8, die sich von der Lackiervorrichtung 10 hin zu einer Verteilervorrichtung 3 er- streckt. FIG. 1 shows a conveying device 8 which extends from the painting device 10 to a distributor device 3.
An der Verteilervorrichtung 3 ist eine Hubvorrichtung 4, die vertikal entlang der Verteilervorrichtung 3 nach oben verschiebbar ist, angebracht. Die Hubvorrichtung 4 weist eine Fördervorrichtung 5 auf. Die Fördervorrichtung 5 ist auf der Hubvorrichtung 4 vorgesehen. On the distributor device 3, a lifting device 4, which is vertically displaceable upwards along the distributor device 3, is mounted. The lifting device 4 has a conveying device 5. The conveying device 5 is provided on the lifting device 4.
Das der Hubvorrichtung 4 abgewandte Ende der Fördervorrichtung 5 ist mit einer Trockenvorrichtung 1 verbunden. The lifting device 4 facing away from the end of the conveyor device 5 is connected to a drying device 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Trockenvorrichtung 1 besteht aus einer Vielzahl von übereinander angeordneten Trockeneinheiten 2.1 bis 2.15. Aus Gründen der Übersicht sind nicht alle Trockeneinheiten einzeln bezeichnet. Die Trockenvorrichtung 1 weist ferner eine Steuerungseinheit 12 auf. Die Verteilervorrichtung 3 und die Trockenvorrichtung 1 sind von der Steuereinheit ansteuerbar. Die Einlagerung der lackierten Werkstücke 6.1 in eine freie Trockeneinheit 2 der Trockenvorrichtung 1 und die Auslagerung der getrockneten Werkstücke 6.1 aus der Trockenvorrichtung 1 sind mittels Steuereinheit 12 ausführbar. Eine Anzahl von lackierenden Werkstücken 6.1, die die Lackiervorrichtung 10 verlassen haben, befindet sich auf der Fördervorrichtung 8 auf dem Weg zur Verteilervorrichtung 3 (Pfeil A) . Die Werkstücke sind dann auf der Hubvorrichtung 4 der Verteilervorrichtung 3 platziert, um wie in Fig. 2 darge- stellt, vertikal entlang der Verteilervorrichtung nach oben befördert zu werden (Pfeil B). Die Hubvorrichtung 4 befördert die Werkstücke bis zu einer Höhe, wo eine freie Trockeneinheit 2.6 zur Aufnahme der Werkstücke 6.1 bereitsteht. Figur 2 zeigt die vertikale Verschiebung der Hubvorrichtung 4 entlang der Verteilervorrichtung 3 (Pfeil B). Die ursprüngliche Position der Hubvorrichtung 4 und der Fördevorrichtung aus Fig. 1 ist gestrichelt dargestellt. Jede Trockeneinheit 2.1 bis 2.15 weist eine Öffnung 7 auf, die mit einer Klappe versehen ist, um eine Luftzufuhr von außerhalb der Trockenvorrichtung 1 zu unterbinden. Die Öffnung 7 befindet sich an der Seite der Trockeneinheit, an der die Werkstücke ein- und ausgelagert werden. Aus Gründen der Über- sieht ist lediglich eine Öffnung 7 dargestellt. The drying device 1 according to the invention consists of a multiplicity of drying units 2.1 to 2.15 arranged one above the other. For clarity, not all drying units are labeled individually. The drying device 1 also has a control unit 12. The distributor device 3 and the drying device 1 can be controlled by the control unit. The storage of the painted workpieces 6.1 in a free drying unit 2 of the drying device 1 and the outsourcing of the dried workpieces 6.1 from the drying device 1 are executable by means of the control unit 12. A number of painting workpieces 6.1, which have left the painting device 10, located on the conveyor device 8 on the way to the distribution device 3 (arrow A). The workpieces are then placed on the lifting device 4 of the distributor device 3 in order to be conveyed vertically upwards along the distributor device (arrow B), as shown in FIG. The lifting device 4 conveys the workpieces up to a height where a free drying unit 2.6 is ready to receive the workpieces 6.1. FIG. 2 shows the vertical displacement of the lifting device 4 along the distributor device 3 (arrow B). The original position of the lifting device 4 and the Fördevorrichtung of FIG. 1 is shown in dashed lines. Each drying unit 2.1 to 2.15 has an opening 7, which is provided with a flap to prevent an air supply from outside the drying device 1. The opening 7 is located on the side of the drying unit at which the workpieces are stored and retrieved. For the sake of overview only one opening 7 is shown.
Die zu trocknenden Werkstücke 6.1 befinden sich auf der Fördervorrichtung 5 auf dem Weg zur Trockenvorrichtung 1 (Pfeil C). Wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, ist die Klappe 7 hoch geklappt. Die Trockeneinheit 2.6 ist für die Einlagerung der Werkstücke 6.1 vorbereitet. Die Fördervorrichtung 5 befördert die The workpieces 6.1 to be dried are located on the conveyor 5 on the way to the drying device 1 (arrow C). As shown in Figure 3, the flap 7 is folded up. The drying unit 2.6 is prepared for the storage of the workpieces 6.1. The conveyor 5 conveys the
Werkstücke 6.1 in die freie Trockeneinheit 2.6. Nach erfolgter Einlagerung der Werkstücke 6.1 wird die Klappe 7 wieder verschlossen. Der Trocknungsvorgang findet bei konstanter Temperatur in der gesamten Trockenvorrichtung 1 in der Trockeneinheit 2.6 statt. Workpieces 6.1 in the free drying unit 2.6. After the storage of the workpieces 6.1, the flap 7 is closed again. The drying process takes place at a constant temperature in the entire drying device 1 in the drying unit 2.6.
Figur 4 zeigt weitere Werkstücke 6.2, etc., die ebenfalls in der Trockenvorrichtung 1 in weiteren Trockeneinheiten 2.4, etc. für den Trocknungsvorgang bei konstanter Temperatur eingelagert worden sind. Die Trocknungszeit der Werkstücke 6.2 ist in Figur 4 beendet, so dass die Werkstücke 6.2 aus der Trockeneinheit 2.4 entnehmbar sind. Da die Trocknung der Werkstücke 6.2 zeitlich unabhängig von der Trocknung der Werkstücke 6.1, etc. erfolgt, ist die Trocknung der Werkstücke 6.1, etc. vorliegend nicht abgeschlossen. Die Klappe 7 wird geöffnet, um die getrockneten Werkstücke 6.2 aus derFIG. 4 shows further workpieces 6.2, etc., which have also been stored in the drying device 1 in further drying units 2.4, etc. for the drying process at a constant temperature. The drying time of the workpieces 6.2 is completed in FIG. 4, so that the workpieces 6.2 can be removed from the drying unit 2.4. Since the drying of the workpieces 6.2 takes place temporally independently of the drying of the workpieces 6.1, etc., the drying of the workpieces 6.1, etc. in this case is not completed. The flap 7 is opened to the dried workpieces 6.2 from the
Trockeneinheit 2.4 auszulagern. Die Auslagerung der Werkstücke 6.2 erfolgt in Pfeilrichtung D. Die Fördervorrichtung 5 lagert die Werkstücke 6.2 aus der Trockeneinheit 2.4 in Richtung Verteilervorrichtung 3 aus. Drying unit 2.4 outsource. The outsourcing of the workpieces 6.2 takes place in the direction of arrow D. The conveying device 5 stores the workpieces 6.2 out of the drying unit 2.4 in the direction of the distributor device 3.
Wie in der Draufsicht in Figur 5 dargestellt, sind die As shown in the plan view in Figure 5, the
Werkstücke 6.2 mittels einer Fördervorrichtung 9 abtransportierbar. Dazu muss die Hubvorrichtung 4 zunächst mit den Werkstücken 6.2 auf das Niveau der Fördervorrichtung 9 herun- tergefahren werden. Workpieces 6.2 can be transported away by means of a conveyor 9. For this purpose, the lifting device 4 must first be lowered to the level of the conveying device 9 with the workpieces 6.2.
In Figur 5 sind weitere horizontal nebeneinander angeordnete Trockenvorrichtungen 1.1 bis 1.4 vorgesehen, die alle dieselbe Temperatur in den Trockeneinheiten (bspw. 60°C) aufweisen. Figur 5 zeigt ferner eine Verschiebevorrichtung 11. Mittels der Verschiebevorrichtung 11 ist die Verteilungsvorrichtung 3 mit der Hubvorrichtung 4 und der Fördervorrichtung 5 horizon- tal verschiebbar (Pfeil E). Lackierte Werkstücke sind in eine der freien Trockeneinheit der Trockenvorrichtungen 1.1 bis 1.4 einlagerbar. Nach erfolgter Trocknung sind die Werkstücke über die Fördervorrichtung 9 abtransportierbar. Figur 6 zeigt wie Figur 5 eine Verschiebevorrichtung 11. Mittels Verschiebevorrichtung 11 ist die Verteilungsvorrichtung 3 mit der Hubvorrichtung 4 und der Fördervorrichtung 5 horizontal verschiebbar (Pfeil E). In der Figur 6 sind neben den Trockenvorrichtungen 1.1 bis 1.4 weitere horizontal nebenein- ander angeordnete Trockenvorrichtungen vorgesehen. Aus Gründen der Übersicht sind nicht alle Trockenvorrichtungen einzeln bezeichnet. Die weiteren Trockenvorrichtungen weisen zu den Trockenvorrichtungen 1.1 bis 1.4 andere Temperaturen in den jeweiligen Trockeneinheiten auf (bspw. 25°C, 45°C, 60°C und 80°C). Aus Gründen der Übersicht sind nicht alle Trockenvorrichtungen einzeln bezeichnet. In FIG. 5, further drying devices 1.1 to 1.4 arranged horizontally next to one another are provided, all of which have the same temperature in the drying units (for example 60 ° C.). FIG. 5 also shows a displacement device 11. By means of the displacement device 11, the distribution device 3 with the lifting device 4 and the conveying device 5 is horizontally displaceable (arrow E). Painted workpieces can be stored in one of the free drying units of the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4. After drying, the workpieces on the conveyor 9 are transported away. FIG. 6 shows, like FIG. 5, a displacement device 11. By means of a displacement device 11, the distribution device 3 with the lifting device 4 and the conveying device 5 can be displaced horizontally (arrow E). In FIG. 6, in addition to the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4, further drying devices arranged horizontally next to one another are provided. For clarity, not all dryers are individually labeled. The other drying devices have to the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4 other temperatures in the respective drying units (eg. 25 ° C, 45 ° C, 60 ° C and 80 ° C). For clarity, not all dryers are individually labeled.
Figur 7 zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform zu den Figuren 1 bis 6. Im Unterschied zu Figur 4 wird nach erfolgter Trock- nungszeit der Werkstoffe nicht die Klappe 7 sondern die Klappe T geöffnet, um die getrockneten Werkstücke aus der Trockeneinheit auszulagern. Die Klappe 7' ist auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Klappe 7 angeordnet. In Figur 7 erfolgt die Auslagerung der Werkstücke 6.1 inFIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment to FIGS. 1 to 6. In contrast to FIG. 4, after the drying time of the materials, not the flap 7 but the flap T is opened in order to remove the dried workpieces from the drying unit. The flap 7 'is arranged on the opposite side of the flap 7. In Figure 7, the outsourcing of the workpieces 6.1 in
Pfeilrichtung D. Die Fördervorrichtung 5' transportiert die Werkstücke 6.1 in Richtung Verteilervorrichtung 3' auf die Hubvorrichtung 4 ' . Die Hubvorrichtung 4 wird auf das Niveau der Fördervorrichtung 9' heruntergefahren. Die Werkstücke 6.1 können über die Fördervorrichtung 9' abtransportiert werden. Arrow direction D. The conveying device 5 'transports the workpieces 6.1 in the direction of the distributor device 3' onto the lifting device 4 '. The lifting device 4 is at the level shut down the conveyor 9 '. The workpieces 6.1 can be removed via the conveyor 9 '.
Figur 8 zeigt im Unterschied zu Figur 6 eine weitere Ver- Schiebevorrichtung 11'. Mittels Verschiebevorrichtung 11' ist die Verteilungsvorrichtung 3 ' mit der Hubvorrichtung 4 ' und der Fördervorrichtung 5' horizontal verschiebbar (Pfeil E'). Damit ist es möglich, getrocknete Werkstücke aus der Trockenvorrichtung 1 auszulagern und der Fördervorrichtung 9' zuzu- führen (Pfeil F'). Wie in Figur 6 sind neben den Trockenvorrichtungen 1.1 bis 1.4 weitere horizontal nebeneinander angeordnete Trockenvorrichtungen vorgesehen. Aus Gründen der Ü- bersicht sind nicht alle Trockenvorrichtungen einzeln bezeichnet. Die weiteren Trockenvorrichtungen weisen zu den Trockenvorrichtungen 1.1 bis 1.4 andere Temperaturen in den jeweiligen Trockeneinheiten auf (bspw. 25°C, 45°C, 60°C und 80°C). Aus Gründen der Übersicht sind nicht alle Trockenvorrichtungen einzeln bezeichnet. Mit der Erfindung wird eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Trocknung, insbesondere von lackierten Werkstücken bereitgestellt, bei welchen flexible Trocknungszeiten erreichbar sind und bei welchen während der Verweildauer in der Trockenvorrichtung die Werkstücke ruhen können. FIG. 8 shows, in contrast to FIG. 6, a further sliding device 11 '. By means of displacement device 11 'is the distribution device 3' with the lifting device 4 'and the conveyor 5' horizontally displaceable (arrow E '). This makes it possible to outsource dried workpieces from the drying device 1 and to feed the conveying device 9 '(arrow F'). As in FIG. 6, in addition to the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4, further drying devices arranged horizontally next to one another are provided. For the sake of clarity, not all dryers are individually labeled. The other drying devices have to the drying devices 1.1 to 1.4 other temperatures in the respective drying units (eg. 25 ° C, 45 ° C, 60 ° C and 80 ° C). For clarity, not all dryers are individually labeled. The invention provides an apparatus and a method for drying, in particular painted workpieces, in which flexible drying times can be achieved and in which the workpieces can rest during the dwell time in the drying apparatus.
Bezugszeichenliste Trockenvorrichtung Drying device
Trockeneinheit drying unit
Verteilervorrichtung distribution device
Hubvorrichtung lifting device
Fördervorrichtung conveyor
Werkstück workpiece
Verschluss shutter
Fördervorrichtung conveyor
Fördervorrichtung conveyor
Lackiervorrichtung painter
Verschiebevorrichtung Shifter
Steuereinrichtung control device
Öffnung opening

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) , insbesondere zum Trocknen von la ckierten Werkstücken (6), aufweisend 1. drying device (1), in particular for drying la ckierten workpieces (6), comprising
- mindestens zwei Trockeneinheiten ( 2 ) , wobei die einzel ne Trockeneinheit zur Aufnahme einer Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken eingerichtet ist, und  - At least two drying units (2), wherein the single ne drying unit is adapted to receive a number of painted workpieces, and
- Heizmittel, die eingerichtet sind eine konstante Tempe ratur in der Trockenvorrichtung (1) und in jeder der Tro ckeneinheiten (2) zu erzeugen.  - Heating means which are adapted to a constant tempering temperature in the drying device (1) and in each of the drying units (2) to produce.
2. Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) gemäß Anspruch 2 , wobei die Trockeneinheiten (2) unabhängig voneinander mit Werkstücken (6) beschickbar sind. 2. Drying apparatus (1) according to claim 2, wherein the drying units (2) are independently loadable with workpieces (6).
3. Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprü che, wobei die Trockeneinheiten (2) mindestens eine Öffnung (13, 13') aufweisen, die als Eingang und/oder Ausgang für die zu trocknenden Werkstücke (6) eingerichtet sind. 3. Drying device (1) according to one of the preceding Ansprü surface, wherein the drying units (2) at least one opening (13, 13 ') which are arranged as an input and / or output for the workpieces to be dried (6).
4. Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprü che, ferner aufweisend mindestens eine Verteilervorrichtung (3, 3'), wobei die Werkstücke (6) mittels der Verteilervorrichtung (3, 3') in die Trockeneinheiten (2) einlagerbar und/oder auslagerbar sind. 4. Drying device (1) according to one of the preceding Ansprü surface, further comprising at least one distributor device (3, 3 '), wherein the workpieces (6) by means of the distributor device (3, 3') in the drying units (2) storable and / or are outsourced.
5. Trockenvorrichtung (1) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprü che, wobei die Verteilervorrichtung (3, 3') eine Hubvorrichtung (4, 4') und eine Fördervorrichtung (5, 5') aufweist. 5. Drying device (1) according to one of the preceding Ansprü surface, wherein the distributor device (3, 3 ') has a lifting device (4, 4') and a conveying device (5, 5 ').
6. Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Abmessungen der Trockeneinheit (2) zur Aufnahme eines WerkstückträgerSystems gewählt sind. 6. drying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the dimensions of the drying unit (2) are selected for receiving a workpiece carrier system.
7. Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Verteilervorrichtung (3, 3') eine Hubvorrichtung (4, 4') und/oder Verschiebevorrichtung (11, 11') aufweist. 7. Drying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distributor device (3, 3 ') has a lifting device (4, 4') and / or displacement device (11, 11 ').
8. Trockenvorrichtung (1) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Trockeneinheiten (2) vertikal übereinander und/oder vertikal nebeneinander angeordnet sind. 8. Drying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drying units (2) are arranged vertically one above the other and / or vertically next to each other.
9. Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, ferner aufweisend eine Steuerungseinheit (12) zum Ansteuern der Verteilervorrichtung (3, 3'), 9. drying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a control unit (12) for driving the distributor device (3, 3 '),
- zur Einlagerung der Werkstücke (6) in eine freie Trockeneinheit ( 2 ) in der Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) und  - For storage of the workpieces (6) in a free drying unit (2) in the drying device (1) and
- zur Auslagerung der Werkstücke (6) aus der Trockenvorrichtung (1).  - For removal of the workpieces (6) from the drying device (1).
10. Trockenvorrichtung (1) gemäß Anspruch 9, wobei die Steuereinheit (12) ein Zeitmessgerät, einen Speicher und einen Prozessor zur Bestimmung der Verweildauer der 10. Drying apparatus (1) according to claim 9, wherein the control unit (12) comprises a timepiece, a memory and a processor for determining the residence time of the
Werkstücke (6) in jeweils einer der Trockeneinheiten (2) aufweist .  Workpieces (6) in each case one of the drying units (2).
11. Trockenvorrichtung (1) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, ferner aufweisend weitere Trockenvorrichtungen (1.1, 1.2, etc.) die mittels Verteilervorrichtung (2) und Verschiebevorrichtung (11) anfahrbar sind. 11. drying device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising further drying devices (1.1, 1.2, etc.) which by means of distribution device (2) and displacement device (11) are approachable.
12. Verfahren zum Trocknen, insbesondere zum Trocknen von lackierten Werkstücken (6), folgende Schritte aufweisend: - Aufnahme einer ersten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken ( 6 ) in eine Trockeneinheit ( 2 ) einer Trockenvorrichtung12. A method for drying, in particular for drying painted workpieces (6), comprising the following steps: - Recording a first number of painted workpieces (6) in a drying unit (2) of a drying device
(1), (1),
Trocknung der ersten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken (6) in der ersten Trockeneinheit (2) bei konstanter Temperatur T,  Drying the first number of painted workpieces (6) in the first drying unit (2) at a constant temperature T,
- Aufnahme mindestens einer zweiten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken (6') in eine weitere Trockeneinheit (2') der Trockenvorrichtung ( 1 ) ,  Receiving at least a second number of painted workpieces (6 ') into a further drying unit (2') of the drying device (1),
- Trocknung der mindestens zweiten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken ( 6 ' ) in der weiteren Trockeneinheit ( 2 ' ) bei konstanter Temperatur T,  Drying the at least second number of painted workpieces (6 ') in the further drying unit (2') at a constant temperature T,
Entnahme der ersten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken (6) aus der jeweiligen Trockeneinheit (2) nach einer Trocknungszeit tl,  Removal of the first number of painted workpieces (6) from the respective drying unit (2) after a drying time tl,
- Entnahme der zweiten Anzahl von lackierten Werkstücken ( 6 ' ) aus der zweiten Trockeneinheit ( 2 ' ) nach einer  - Taking the second number of painted workpieces (6 ') from the second drying unit (2') after a
Trocknungszeit t2. Verfahren zum Trocknen gemäß Anspruch 12, ferner folgenden Schritt aufweisend: Drying time t2. A method of drying according to claim 12, further comprising the step of:
Trocknung von lackierten Werkstücken (6, 6') in mindestens einer zweiten Trockenvorrichtung mit konstanter Temperatur T2.  Drying of painted workpieces (6, 6 ') in at least one second drying device with constant temperature T2.
EP12741252.6A 2011-08-03 2012-07-26 Apparatus for drying painted workpieces Active EP2739924B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011109325.0A DE102011109325B4 (en) 2011-08-03 2011-08-03 Device for drying workpieces
PCT/EP2012/003179 WO2013017230A1 (en) 2011-08-03 2012-07-26 Method and apparatus for drying workpieces

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EP2739924A1 true EP2739924A1 (en) 2014-06-11
EP2739924B1 EP2739924B1 (en) 2017-11-15

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US (1) US20140173928A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2739924B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103797322B (en)
DE (1) DE102011109325B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2013017230A1 (en)

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DE102011109325A1 (en) 2013-02-07
WO2013017230A1 (en) 2013-02-07
EP2739924B1 (en) 2017-11-15
CN103797322A (en) 2014-05-14
US20140173928A1 (en) 2014-06-26
DE102011109325B4 (en) 2016-09-22
CN103797322B (en) 2016-08-31

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