EP2706300B1 - Method for detecting the gas family and gas burner - Google Patents
Method for detecting the gas family and gas burner Download PDFInfo
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- EP2706300B1 EP2706300B1 EP13176387.2A EP13176387A EP2706300B1 EP 2706300 B1 EP2706300 B1 EP 2706300B1 EP 13176387 A EP13176387 A EP 13176387A EP 2706300 B1 EP2706300 B1 EP 2706300B1
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- fan
- air
- rotational speed
- mass flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2239/00—Fuels
- F23N2239/04—Gaseous fuels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for detecting the gas family, such as natural gas or liquid gas, using an air mass measurement and a blower in a gas burner.
- the DE 43 31 048 A1 discloses a method of operating a superstoichiometric gas burner.
- a flame property representative of the combustion state namely the light intensity
- an average signal is formed. This is used to regulate the gas and / or air flow.
- a different mean value signal is assigned to a defined value of the standard deviations.
- the DE 102 00 128 A1 discloses a method for detecting gas species in which the air volume flow and gas volume flow are changed until the gas-air mixture ignites in the combustion chamber of a gas burner. From the ignition point, the gas type is determined. This method can be influenced by the applied volume-based control of variable geodetic conditions.
- the US 2002/115030 A1 describes a combustion system and method for adapting the combustion system to another combustion medium.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method which determines independently and without human influence, the gas family used in the gas burning device, so that incorrect operations are excluded.
- the gas combustion device can independently detect whether natural gas or LPG is present and adjust the combustion by switching to the appropriate, stored in the device specific device characteristic to the detected gas family.
- This object is achieved by a method for detecting the gas family using a blower in a gas combustion apparatus according to claim 1.
- the inventive method utilizes the fact that air has a different density than a gas-air mixture, regardless of whether the mixture is carried out with natural gas or LPG.
- a constant air mass flow mL1 is conveyed at a constant fan speed. If gas is supplied to the air mass flow in the flow direction after the air mass measurement, the fan no longer conveys pure air, but a gas-air mixture. This changes the air mass flow from mL1 to mL2 and the speed of the fan. From the comparison of the fan speed before the gas supply and after the gas supply can be determined by comparing with a predetermined limit, the gas family natural gas or LPG become.
- nnorm ⁇ 1 mL ⁇ 1 ⁇ should / mL ⁇ 1 ⁇ ds x 273 . 15 / T ⁇ 1 _is + 273 . 15 x nL ⁇ 1 ⁇ ds
- mL1soll corresponds to the set point of the supplied mass air flow before gas is supplied
- mL1ds corresponds to the average value of the air mass flow actually supplied during this period
- nL1ds corresponds to the average fan speed before gas is supplied.
- T1_act corresponds to the temperature of the air mass flow actually measured in the fan in degrees Celsius.
- mL2soll corresponds to the set point of the supplied air mass flow after gas has been supplied and mL2ds corresponds to the average value of the air mass flow actually supplied during this period.
- nL2ds is the average blower speed after gas has been supplied.
- T2_ist corresponds in phase 2 of the actual measured in the fan temperature of the mass flow of air and gas in degrees Celsius.
- the first and second blower rotational speeds are available as first and second normalized blower rotational speeds, before and after the gas supply, respectively.
- the first normalized fan speed n Norm 1 and the second normalized fan speed n Norm 2 are used.
- the standardized fan speeds are compared with a predefined limit value (GasTypeLimit) of the respective gas family. This limit is predefined for each gas burner and set during the development of the gas burner.
- the threshold represents a reference limit for the fan speed difference (Phase 1) and after (Phase 2) the gas supply. Usually, this limit is set at an exhaust gas pressure of the gas burner of 0Pa, i.
- the method according to the invention can also compensate for the positive and negative exhaust gas pressures of the gas burner device that occur as a result of the external influences. Due to external influences, such as long exhaust pipes, chimney draft, wind or natural air pressure differences, the actual fan speed during phase 1 may differ from the speed originally found in the laboratory for an exhaust gas pressure of 0Pa.
- n1 corresponds to the original fan speed measured in the laboratory at 0 Pa exhaust pressure before gas is supplied.
- E is an empirically determined Value at which the inventive method works. For different device performance sizes, this value E may vary, but is preferably 16.
- a predefined corridor is provided above and below the limit characteristic, which requires a repetition of the method if the calculated value of the GasTypeLimitComp lies within the corridor.
- a size of the corridor of +/- 5% above and below the limit characteristic is advantageous.
- the previous process steps are repeated until a value outside the corridor has been calculated and thus the gas family has been determined safely.
- the inventive method in an embodiment for practical use also includes the ignition and combustion of the gas-air mixture. It is provided that, after the supply of gas, the gas-air mixture is ignited in a gas burner with a gas burner arranged downstream of the fan. As a predefined time for measuring the air mass flow mL1 supplied to the blower with an air mass meter and a first blower speed, the achievement of a Zündmassenstroms or the release time of the spark is fixed. Both times can be accurately determined by the burner control in a gas burner.
- phase 2 After supplying gas (phase 2), the measurement of the temperature T2_actual of the air mass flow mL2 supplied to the blower and the values of mL2, T2_ist and the second blower speed immediately after the ignition of the gas burner, during or at the end of a stabilization time for the formation of a stable Flame on the gas burner done.
- the stabilization time is due to a heating phase of the gas burner, but with about 5 - 30s relatively short.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that, depending on the result of the comparison of the fan speeds, a switching of a specific device characteristic of the gas burner device for the respective gas family or an electrical switching of switching elements takes place on a gas valve.
- the method thus enables an automatic, externally unaffected setting of the gas burner device to operate with the correct gas family.
- the invention also relates to the gas firing apparatus with gas burner and automatic burner, an air supply with air mass meter arranged therein and a gas supply arranged downstream in the air flow direction, a fan arranged downstream of the gas feed in the flow direction and having a fan arranged therein Temperature meter for a conveyed medium, and a computing unit for calculating the first and second fan speed or first normalized fan speed and second normalized fan speed.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the difference in fan speed versus exhaust gas pressure of the LPG / CNG gas burner compared to a limit GasTypeLimitComp.
- a setpoint GasTypeLimit for an exhaust gas pressure of 0Pa can be predefined.
- the exhaust gas pressure usually measured at the boiler output of the gas burner device, can assume positive or negative values and influence the comparison value. Therefore, the limit characteristic GasTypeLimitComp is calculated from the setpoint via the above-mentioned formula, whereby scatters of the individual values are taken into account.
- the calculated comparison characteristic curve when using natural gas is above the limit characteristic GasTypeLimitComp.
- the calculated comparison characteristic curve when using LPG is below the limit characteristic GasTypeLimitComp. If the calculated value of the reference speed above the limit characteristic line flows to natural gas, the calculated value below is liquid gas. An up and down 5% corridor is provided around the limit characteristic, which represents a limit for the calculated comparator values of the fan speeds. Only if the calculated value is outside the If there is a corridor, a gas family determination is made, otherwise the gas family determination procedure will be repeated.
- the values shown are examples and need not be identical in practice.
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- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erkennung der Gasfamilie, wie Erd- oder Flüssiggas, unter Nutzung einer Luftmassenmessung sowie eines Gebläses bei einer Gasbrennvorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for detecting the gas family, such as natural gas or liquid gas, using an air mass measurement and a blower in a gas burner.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Verfahren zur Gasartenerkennung bekannt. Hauptsächlich werden Verfahren eingesetzt, die auf dem Prinzip der Messung des lonisationsstroms oder der Flammentemperatur beruhen. Aus dem Verhältnis des lonisations- oder Temperaturmaximums bei einer bestimmten Luftzahl kann ein optimaler Betriebspunkt eingestellt werden.Various methods for gas type detection are known from the prior art. Mainly methods are used, which are based on the principle of the measurement of the ionization current or the flame temperature. From the ratio of the ionization or temperature maximum at a given Air ratio can be set to an optimal operating point.
In der Offenlegungsschrift
Die
Die
Aus der
Die
Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren sind aufwendig und durch menschliche sowie umweltbedingte und geodätische Faktoren negativ beeinflussbar, so dass eine fehlerhafte Zuordnung der Gasfamilie nicht ausgeschlossen ist.The methods known from the prior art are complicated and negatively influenced by human and environmental and geodetic factors, so that a faulty assignment of the gas family is not excluded.
Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, das selbständig und ohne menschlichen Einfluss die bei der Gasbrennvorrichtung verwendete Gasfamilie ermittelt, so dass Fehlbedienungen ausgeschlossen werden. Die Gasbrennvorrichtung kann selbständig erfassen, ob Erdgas oder Flüssiggas vorliegt und die Verbrennung durch Umschalten auf die entsprechende, im Gerät hinterlegte spezifische Gerätekennlinie auf die festgestellte Gasfamilie anpassen.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method which determines independently and without human influence, the gas family used in the gas burning device, so that incorrect operations are excluded. The gas combustion device can independently detect whether natural gas or LPG is present and adjust the combustion by switching to the appropriate, stored in the device specific device characteristic to the detected gas family.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren zur Erkennung der Gasfamilie unter Nutzung eines Gebläses bei einer Gasverbrennungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a method for detecting the gas family using a blower in a gas combustion apparatus according to claim 1.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren nutzt die Tatsache, dass Luft eine andere Dichte aufweist als ein Gas-Luft-Gemisch, unabhängig ob die Mischung mit Erdgas oder Flüssiggas erfolgt. Zunächst wird ein konstanter Luftmassenstrom mL1 bei konstanter Gebläsedrehzahl gefördert. Wenn dem Luftmassenstrom in Strömungsrichtung nach der Luftmassenmessung Gas zugeführt wird, fördert das Gebläse nicht mehr reine Luft, sondern ein Gas-Luft-Gemisch. Hierdurch verändert sich der zugeführte Luftmassenstrom von mL1 auf mL2 sowie die Drehzahl des Gebläses. Aus dem Vergleich der Gebläsedrehzahl vor der Gaszuführung und nach der Gaszuführung kann durch einen Vergleich mit einem vorab festgelegten Grenzwert die Gasfamilie Erdgas oder Flüssiggas bestimmt werden.The inventive method utilizes the fact that air has a different density than a gas-air mixture, regardless of whether the mixture is carried out with natural gas or LPG. First, a constant air mass flow mL1 is conveyed at a constant fan speed. If gas is supplied to the air mass flow in the flow direction after the air mass measurement, the fan no longer conveys pure air, but a gas-air mixture. This changes the air mass flow from mL1 to mL2 and the speed of the fan. From the comparison of the fan speed before the gas supply and after the gas supply can be determined by comparing with a predetermined limit, the gas family natural gas or LPG become.
Für ein genaueres, äußere Einflüsse besser berücksichtigendes Ergebnis ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführung vorgesehen, dass im Zeitraum bevor Gas zugeführt wird (Phase 1) eine Temperatur T1_ist des dem Gebläse zugeführten Luftmassenstroms mL1 gemessen wird und aus den gemessenen Werten von mL1, T1_ist sowie der ersten Gebläsedrehzahl eine erste normierte Gebläsedrehzahl nNorm1 berechnet wird. Die Formel für die Berechnung lautet
Hierbei entsprechen mL1soll dem Sollwert des zugeführten Luftmassenstroms bevor Gas zugeführt wird und mL1ds dem Durchschnittswert des tatsächlich in diesem Zeitraum zugeführten Luftmassenstroms. nL1ds entspricht der durchschnittlichen Gebläsedrehzahl bevor Gas zugeführt wird. T1_ist entspricht in Phase 1 der tatsächlich im Gebläse gemessenen Temperatur des Luftmassenstroms in Grad Celsius.Here, mL1soll corresponds to the set point of the supplied mass air flow before gas is supplied, and mL1ds corresponds to the average value of the air mass flow actually supplied during this period. nL1ds corresponds to the average fan speed before gas is supplied. In phase 1, T1_act corresponds to the temperature of the air mass flow actually measured in the fan in degrees Celsius.
Ferner ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vorgesehen, dass im Zeitraum nachdem Gas zugeführt wurde (Phase 2) eine Temperatur T2_ist des dem Gebläse zugeführten Luftmassenstroms mL2 gemessen wird und aus den gemessenen Werten von mL2, T2_ist und zweiter Gebläsedrehzahl eine zweite normierte Gebläsedrehzahl nNorm2 mit folgender Formel berechnet wird
Hierbei entsprechen mL2soll dem Sollwert des zugeführten Luftmassenstroms nachdem Gas zugeführt wurde und mL2ds dem Durchschnittswert des tatsächlich in diesem Zeitraum zugeführten Luftmassenstroms. nL2ds entspricht der durchschnittlichen Gebläsedrehzahl nachdem Gas zugeführt wurde. T2_ist entspricht in Phase 2 der tatsächlich im Gebläse gemessenen Temperatur des Massenstroms aus Luft und Gas in Grad Celsius.In this case, mL2soll corresponds to the set point of the supplied air mass flow after gas has been supplied and mL2ds corresponds to the average value of the air mass flow actually supplied during this period. nL2ds is the average blower speed after gas has been supplied. T2_ist corresponds in phase 2 of the actual measured in the fan temperature of the mass flow of air and gas in degrees Celsius.
Durch die Berechnung liegen die erste und die zweite Gebläsedrehzahl als erste und zweite normierte Gebläsedrehzahlen, jeweils vor und nach der Gaszuführung, vor. Für den erfindungsgemäßen Vergleich der ersten Gebläsedrehzahl mit der zweiten Gebläsedrehzahl zur Feststellung der Gasfamilie wird die erste normierte Gebläsedrehzahl nNorm1 und die zweite normierte Gebläsedrehzahl nNorm2 verwendet. Der Vergleich der normierten Gebläsedrehzahlen erfolgt mit einem vordefinierten Grenzwert (GasTypeLimit) der jeweiligen Gasfamilie. Dieser Grenzwert wird für jede Gasbrennvorrichtung vordefiniert und während der Entwicklung der Gasbrennvorrichtung festgelegt. Der Grenzwert stellt eine Bezugsgrenze für den Unterschied der Gebläsedrehzahl vor (Phase 1) und nach (Phase 2) der Gaszuführung dar. Üblicherweise wird dieser Grenzwert bei einem Abgasdruck der Gasbrennvorrichtung von 0Pa, d.h. ohne äußere Einflüsse durch z.B. lange Abgasrohre, Kaminzug, Wind, natürliche Luftdruckunterschiede, definiert. Für das Gebläse der Gasbrennvorrichtung werden im Labor beispielsweise drei Durchläufe mit 0Pa Abgasdruck praktiziert, wobei jeweils die Gebläsedrehzahl gemessen und der Mittelwert als Grenzwert gespeichert wird.As a result of the calculation, the first and second blower rotational speeds are available as first and second normalized blower rotational speeds, before and after the gas supply, respectively. For the inventive comparison of the first fan speed with the second fan speed for determining the gas family, the first normalized fan speed n Norm 1 and the second normalized fan speed n Norm 2 are used. The standardized fan speeds are compared with a predefined limit value (GasTypeLimit) of the respective gas family. This limit is predefined for each gas burner and set during the development of the gas burner. The threshold represents a reference limit for the fan speed difference (Phase 1) and after (Phase 2) the gas supply. Usually, this limit is set at an exhaust gas pressure of the gas burner of 0Pa, i. without external influences by e.g. long exhaust pipes, flue draft, wind, natural air pressure differences, defined. For the blower of the gas burner, for example, three passes are practiced with 0Pa exhaust pressure in the laboratory, each measured the fan speed and the average is stored as a limit.
In einer Weiterbildung kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ferner die durch die äußeren Einflüsse auftretenden positiven und negativen Abgasdrücke der Gasbrennvorrichtung kompensieren. Durch die äußeren Einflüsse, wie lange Abgasrohre, Kaminzug, Wind oder natürliche Luftdruckunterschiede, kann die tatsächliche Gebläsedrehzahl während Phase 1 von der ursprünglich im Labor für einen Abgasdruck von 0Pa festgestellten Drehzahl differieren. Dies ausgleichend ist vorgesehen, dass der vordefinierte Grenzwert (GasTypeLimit) in Abhängigkeit von Abgasdrücken der Gasbrennvorrichtung als Grenzkennlinie (GasTypeLimitComp) ausgebildet ist. Werte der Grenzkennlinie werden mit der folgenden Formel berechnet
Hierbei entspricht n1 der ursprünglichen im Labor bei 0Pa Abgasdruck gemessenen Gebläsedrehzahl bevor Gas zugeführt wird. E ist ein empirisch ermittelter Wert, bei dem das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren funktioniert. Für unterschiedliche Geräte-Leistungsgrößen kann dieser Wert E variieren, liegt jedoch vorzugsweise bei 16.Here n1 corresponds to the original fan speed measured in the laboratory at 0 Pa exhaust pressure before gas is supplied. E is an empirically determined Value at which the inventive method works. For different device performance sizes, this value E may vary, but is preferably 16.
Zur Feststellung, welche Gasfamilie tatsächlich vorliegt, wurde unter Nutzung der obigen Formeln herausgefunden, dass als Gasfamilie Erdgas vorliegt, wenn eine Formel
erfüllt ist und, dass als Gasfamilie Flüssiggas vorliegt, wenn eine Formel
erfüllt ist.To determine which gas family actually exists, it has been found, using the above formulas, that the gas family is natural gas, if a formula
is satisfied and that exists as a gas family liquefied gas, if a formula
is satisfied.
Um hohe Sicherheit bei der Feststellung der Gasfamilie sicherzustellen wird in einer bevorzugten Ausführung des Verfahrens ein vordefinierter Korridor oberhalb und unterhalb der Grenzkennlinie vorgesehen, der eine Wiederholung des Verfahrens erfordert, wenn der berechnete Wert des GasTypeLimitComp innerhalb des Korridors liegt. Vorteilhaft ist eine Größe des Korridors von +/-5% oberhalb und unterhalb der Grenzkennlinie. Im Fall eines berechneten Wertes innerhalb des Korridors werden die vorherigen Verfahrensschritte wiederholt, bis ein Wert außerhalb des Korridors berechnet und somit die Gasfamilie sicher festgestellt wurde. Bei der Verwendung eines Korridors um die Grenzkennlinie wird im Falle der Gleichheit des Gebläsedrehzahlunterschieds (nNorm2-nNorm1) nicht gemäß der oben genannten Formel die Gasfamilie als Erdgas festgelegt, sondern zur Erhöhung der Bestimmungssicherheit das Verfahren noch einmal durchgeführt, bis ein Wert außerhalb des Korridors berechnet wurde.In order to ensure a high degree of safety in determining the gas family, in a preferred embodiment of the method a predefined corridor is provided above and below the limit characteristic, which requires a repetition of the method if the calculated value of the GasTypeLimitComp lies within the corridor. A size of the corridor of +/- 5% above and below the limit characteristic is advantageous. In the case of a calculated value within the corridor, the previous process steps are repeated until a value outside the corridor has been calculated and thus the gas family has been determined safely. When using a corridor around the limit characteristic, in the case of equality of the fan speed difference (nNorm2-nNorm1), the gas family is not set as natural gas according to the above-mentioned formula, but the procedure is repeated to increase the determination reliability until a value outside the corridor is calculated has been.
Die voranstehende Beschreibung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bei einer Gasbrennvorrichtung berücksichtigt zwar die Mischung von Luft und Gas, jedoch keine Zündung des Gas-Luft-Gemisches. Da bei im Haushalt eingesetzten Gasbrennvorrichtungen kein unverbranntes Gas-Luft-Gemisch in die Umgebung abgegeben werden darf, umfasst das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in einer Ausführung für den praktischen Gebrauch auch die Zündung und Verbrennung des Gas-Luft-Gemisches. Es wird vorgesehen, dass nach dem Zuführen von Gas eine Zündung des Gas-Luft-Gemisches in einer dem Gebläse nachgeschalteten Gasbrennvorrichtung mit Gasbrenner erfolgt. Als vordefinierter Zeitpunkt zum Messen des dem Gebläse zugeführten Luftmassenstroms mL1 mit einem Luftmassenmesser sowie einer ersten Gebläsedrehzahl ist das Erreichen eines Zündmassenstroms oder der Freigabezeitpunkt des Zündfunkens festgelegt. Beide Zeitpunkte sind bei einer Gasbrennvorrichtung durch den Feuerungsautomaten exakt feststellbar.Although the above description of the method according to the invention in a gas burner device takes into account the mixture of air and gas, but no ignition of the gas-air mixture. As used in household gas burners no unburned gas-air mixture into the environment may be issued, the inventive method in an embodiment for practical use also includes the ignition and combustion of the gas-air mixture. It is provided that, after the supply of gas, the gas-air mixture is ignited in a gas burner with a gas burner arranged downstream of the fan. As a predefined time for measuring the air mass flow mL1 supplied to the blower with an air mass meter and a first blower speed, the achievement of a Zündmassenstroms or the release time of the spark is fixed. Both times can be accurately determined by the burner control in a gas burner.
Nach dem Zuführen von Gas (Phase 2) kann die Messung der Temperatur T2_ist des dem Gebläse zugeführten Luftmassenstroms mL2 und den Werten von mL2, T2_ist sowie der zweiten Gebläsedrehzahl unmittelbar nach dem Zünden des Gasbrenners, während oder am Ende einer Stabilisierungszeit für die Ausbildung einer stabilen Flamme am Gasbrenner erfolgen. Die Stabilisierungszeit ist durch eine Aufheizungsphase des Gasbrenners bedingt, jedoch mit ca. 5 - 30s verhältnismäßig kurz.After supplying gas (phase 2), the measurement of the temperature T2_actual of the air mass flow mL2 supplied to the blower and the values of mL2, T2_ist and the second blower speed immediately after the ignition of the gas burner, during or at the end of a stabilization time for the formation of a stable Flame on the gas burner done. The stabilization time is due to a heating phase of the gas burner, but with about 5 - 30s relatively short.
Ferner ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Abhängigkeit des Ergebnisses des Vergleichs der Gebläsedrehzahlen ein Umschalten einer spezifischen Gerätekennlinie der Gasbrennvorrichtung für die jeweilige Gasfamilie oder ein elektrisches Umschalten von Schaltelementen an einem Gasventil erfolgt. Das Verfahren ermöglicht somit eine automatische, von außen unbeeinflusste Einstellung der Gasbrennvorrichtung auf einen Betrieb mit der richtigen Gasfamilie. Alternativ ist es möglich, dass von einem Benutzer eine Interaktion zur Bestätigung der jeweiligen Gasfamilie gefordert wird.Furthermore, the method according to the invention is characterized in that, depending on the result of the comparison of the fan speeds, a switching of a specific device characteristic of the gas burner device for the respective gas family or an electrical switching of switching elements takes place on a gas valve. The method thus enables an automatic, externally unaffected setting of the gas burner device to operate with the correct gas family. Alternatively, it is possible for a user to require interaction to confirm the particular gas family.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch die zum Ausführen des Verfahrens ausgebildete Gasbrennvorrichtung mit Gasbrenner und Feuerungsautomaten, einer Luftzuführung mit darin angeordnetem Luftmassenmesser und einer in Luftströmungsrichtung nachfolgend angeordneten Gaszuführung, einem der Gaszuführung in Strömungsrichtung nachfolgend angeordneten Gebläse mit darin angeordnetem Temperaturmesser für ein gefördertes Medium, und einer Recheneinheit zur Berechnung der ersten und zweiten Gebläsedrehzahl oder ersten normierten Gebläsedrehzahl und zweiten normierten Gebläsedrehzahl.The invention also relates to the gas firing apparatus with gas burner and automatic burner, an air supply with air mass meter arranged therein and a gas supply arranged downstream in the air flow direction, a fan arranged downstream of the gas feed in the flow direction and having a fan arranged therein Temperature meter for a conveyed medium, and a computing unit for calculating the first and second fan speed or first normalized fan speed and second normalized fan speed.
Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Figur näher dargestellt.
- Fig. 1
- zeigt ein Diagramm des Gebläsedrehzahlunterschieds gegenüber dem Abgasdruck.
- Fig. 1
- shows a graph of the fan speed difference versus the exhaust pressure.
In
Durch Vorabversuche bei mehreren Gerätetypen (z.B. 20kW, 30kW, 50kW, 150kW und 300kW) der Gasbrennvorrichtung jeweils mit Erdgas und Flüssiggas kann ein Sollwert GasTypeLimit für einen Abgasdruck von 0Pa vordefiniert werden. Durch äußere Einflüsse kann der Abgasdruck, üblicherweise gemessen am Heizkesselausgang der Gasbrennvorrichtung, positive oder negative Werte annehmen und den Vergleichswert beeinflussen. Aus dem Sollwert wird deshalb die Grenzkennlinie GasTypeLimitComp über die oben genannte Formel berechnet, wobei Streuungen der Einzelwerte berücksichtigt sind. Die Steigung der Grenzkennlinie ergibt sich in der gezeigten Ausführung aus dem empirisch ermittelten und bevorzugten Wert für E=16. Die errechnete Vergleichskennlinie bei einer Nutzung von Erdgas liegt oberhalb der Grenzkennlinie GasTypeLimitComp. Die errechnete Vergleichskennlinie bei einer Nutzung von Flüssiggas liegt unterhalb der Grenzkennlinie GasTypeLimitComp. Liegt der berechnete Wert der Vergleichsdrehzahl oberhalb der Grenzkennlinie strömt Erdgas zu, liegt der berechnete Wert darunter strömt Flüssiggas zu. Um die Grenzkennlinie ist ein nach oben und unten abweichender 5%-Korridor vorgesehen, der eine Grenze für die berechneten Vergleichswerte der Gebläsedrehzahlen darstellt. Nur wenn die berechneten Wert außerhalb des Korridors liegen erfolgt eine Bestimmung der Gasfamilie, andernfalls wird das Gasfamilienbestimmungsverfahren erneut durchgeführt. Die dargestellten Werte sind beispielhaft und müssen nicht identisch in der Praxis wieder erzielt werden.By preliminary tests with several types of devices (eg 20kW, 30kW, 50kW, 150kW and 300kW) of the gas burner each with natural gas and LPG, a setpoint GasTypeLimit for an exhaust gas pressure of 0Pa can be predefined. As a result of external influences, the exhaust gas pressure, usually measured at the boiler output of the gas burner device, can assume positive or negative values and influence the comparison value. Therefore, the limit characteristic GasTypeLimitComp is calculated from the setpoint via the above-mentioned formula, whereby scatters of the individual values are taken into account. The slope of the limit characteristic results in the embodiment shown from the empirically determined and preferred value for E = 16. The calculated comparison characteristic curve when using natural gas is above the limit characteristic GasTypeLimitComp. The calculated comparison characteristic curve when using LPG is below the limit characteristic GasTypeLimitComp. If the calculated value of the reference speed above the limit characteristic line flows to natural gas, the calculated value below is liquid gas. An up and down 5% corridor is provided around the limit characteristic, which represents a limit for the calculated comparator values of the fan speeds. Only if the calculated value is outside the If there is a corridor, a gas family determination is made, otherwise the gas family determination procedure will be repeated. The values shown are examples and need not be identical in practice.
- nNorm1: normierte Gebläsedrehzahl bevor dem Luftmassenstrom Gas zugeführt wird (Phase 1) nNorm1: normalized fan speed before gas is supplied to the air mass flow (phase 1)
- nNorm2: normierte Gebläsedrehzahl nachdem dem Luftmassenstrom Gas zugeführt wird bzw. nach der Stabilisierungszeit der Flamme (Phase 2) nNorm2: normalized fan speed after gas is supplied to the air mass flow or after the stabilization time of the flame (phase 2)
- mL1: Luftmassenstrom bevor Gas zugeführt wird (Phase 1)mL1: air mass flow before gas is fed (phase 1)
- mL2: Luftmassenstrom nachdem Gas zugeführt wurde bzw. nach der Stabilisierungszeit der Flamme (Phase 2)mL2: mass air flow after gas has been supplied or after the stabilization time of the flame (phase 2)
- mL1soll: Sollwert des zugeführten Luftmassenstroms bevor dem Luftmassenstrom Gas zugeführt wird (Phase 1) mL1soll: setpoint of the supplied air mass flow before gas is supplied to the air mass flow (phase 1)
- mL2soll: Sollwert des zugeführten Luftmassenstroms nachdem dem Luftmassenstrom Gas zugeführt wurde bzw. nach der Stabilisierungszeit der Flamme (Phase 2) mL2soll: setpoint of the supplied mass air flow after the air mass flow has been supplied with gas or after the stabilization time of the flame (phase 2)
- mL1ds: durchschnittlicher Luftmassenstrom bevor Gas zugeführt wird (Phase 1) mL1ds: average mass air flow before gas is fed (phase 1)
- mL2ds: durchschnittlicher Luftmassenstrom nachdem Gas zugeführt wurde bzw. nach der Stabilisierungszeit der Flamme (Phase 2) mL2ds: average mass air flow after gas has been supplied or after the stabilization time of the flame (phase 2)
- nL1ds: durchschnittliche Gebläsedrehzahl bevor dem Luftmassenstrom Gas zugeführt wird (Phase 1) nL1ds: average fan speed before gas is supplied to the air mass flow (phase 1)
- nL2ds: durchschnittliche Gebläsedrehzahl nachdem dem Luftmassenstrom Gas zugeführt wurde bzw. nach der Stabilisierungszeit der Flamme (Phase 2) nL2ds: average fan speed after gas has been supplied to the air mass flow or after the stabilization time of the flame (phase 2)
- n1: ursprünglichen im Labor bei 0Pa Abgasdruck gemessene Gebläsedrehzahl bevor dem Luftmassenstrom Gas zugeführt wird n1: original blower speed measured in the laboratory at 0Pa exhaust pressure before gas is supplied to the air mass flow
- GasTypeLimit: vorbestimmter Grenzwert der jeweiligen Gasfamilie bei 0Pa Abgasdruck GasTypeLimit: predetermined limit of the respective gas family at 0Pa exhaust pressure
- GasTypeLimitComp: normierte Grenzkennlinie in Abhängigkeit von Abgasdrücken der Gasbrennvorrichtung GasTypeLimitComp: normalized limit characteristic as a function of gas burner exhaust gas pressures
- T1_ist: tatsächlich im Gebläse gemessene Temperatur des Luftmassenstroms in Grad Celsius bevor Gas zugeführt wird (Phase 1) T1_act: temperature of the air mass flow actually measured in the fan in degrees Celsius before gas is supplied (phase 1)
- T2_ist: tatsächlich im Gebläse gemessene Temperatur des Luftmassenstroms in Grad Celsius nachdem Gas zugeführt wurde bzw. nach der Stabilisierungszeit der Flamme (Phase 2) T2_ist: actual temperature of the air mass flow measured in the fan in degrees Celsius after gas has been supplied or after the stabilization time of the flame (phase 2)
- E: empirisch ermittelter Wert, der die Steigung der Grenzkennlinie bestimmt, vorzugsweise 16 E: empirically determined value which determines the slope of the limit characteristic, preferably 16
Claims (13)
- Method for detecting a gas family by using a fan at a gas burning device comprising the following method steps:a. measuring of an air mass flow mL1 supplied to the fan by using a mass air flow sensor and of a first fan rotational speed at a specific time,b. operating the fan at a constant air mass flow mL1,c. feeding gas into the air mass flow mL1 downstream of the mass air flow sensor, so that the fan delivers a gas-air mixture whereby the air mass flow changes from mL1 to mL2,d. measuring the air mass flow mL2 by using the mass air flow sensor and of a second fan rotational speed resulting from the gas feeding,e. comparing the first and second fan rotational speeds, wherein the comparison of the fan rotational speeds is made with a predefined threshold value (GasTypeLimit) of the respective gas family.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a temperature T1_ist of the air mass flow mL1 supplied to the fan is measured, and a first normalized fan rotational speed nNorm1 is calculated from the measured values mL1, T1_ist and the first fan rotational speed.
- Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a temperature T2_ist of the air mass flow mL2 supplied to the fan is measured, and a second normalized fan rotational speed norm1 is calculated from the measured values mL2, T2_ist and the second fan rotational speed.
- Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the comparison of the first fan rotational speed with the second fan rotational speed corresponds to a
comparison of the first normalized fan rotational speed nNorm1 with the second normalized fan rotational speed nNorm2. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predefined threshold value (GasTypeLimit) is defined as a limit characteristic line (GasTypeLimitComp) depending of exhaust pressures of the gas burning device.
- Method according to claim 5 if claim 5 is depending of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that values of the limit characteristic line are calculated by the formula
wherein n1 represents a fan rotational speed measured originally in a laboratory at 0Pa exhaust pressure before gas is fed to the air mass flow, and
E is an empirical determined value defining the slope of the limit characteristic line. - Method according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 8, characterized in that a predefined corridor above and below the limit characteristic line is provided, and calculated values lying within the corridor trigger a repetition of the method.
- method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after feeding gas an ignition of the gas-air-mixture occurs in the gas burning device downstream of the fan.
- Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predefined time is a time when an ignition mass current is achieved or a time when an ignition spark is released.
- Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that according to the result of the comparison of the rotational fan speeds a switching of a specific device characteristic line of the gas burning device for the respective gas family or an electric switching of a switching element at the gas valve occurs.
- gas burning device for conducting the method according to at least one of the claims 1 to 12, comprisinga. a gas burner and an automatic firing device ,b. an air supply having a mass air sensor disposed therein and a gas supply disposed downstream,c. a fan disposed downstream of the gas supply having a temperature sensor for a delivered media disposed therein, andd. a calculating unit for calculating the first and second fan rotational speeds or of the first and second normalized fan rotational speeds.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012108268.5A DE102012108268A1 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2012-09-05 | Process for detecting the gas family and gas burning device |
Publications (3)
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EP2706300A2 EP2706300A2 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
EP2706300A3 EP2706300A3 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2706300B1 true EP2706300B1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
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EP13176387.2A Not-in-force EP2706300B1 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2013-07-12 | Method for detecting the gas family and gas burner |
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DE (1) | DE102012108268A1 (en) |
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DE102017204009A1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for controlling a fuel-air ratio in a heating system and a control unit and a heating system |
ES2769234T3 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2020-06-25 | Siemens Ag | Gas type detection |
DE102017104526A1 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-06 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | Method for determining the cause of a misfire on the burner of a boiler |
DE102022123899A1 (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2024-03-21 | Vaillant Gmbh | Method for operating a heater, computer program, control and control device, heater and use of a detected speed |
Family Cites Families (5)
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DE4331048A1 (en) | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-16 | Ruhrgas Ag | Method and device for operating an over-stoichiometric premixing gas burner |
AU710622B2 (en) | 1995-11-13 | 1999-09-23 | Gas Research Institute, Inc. | Flame ionization control apparatus and method |
DE19639487A1 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 1998-04-09 | Honeywell Bv | Method and device for optimizing the operation of a gas burner |
DE10032764C2 (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-12-12 | Rational Ag | Method for adapting the performance of a combustion system of a cooking appliance and a combustion system using this method |
DE10200128B4 (en) | 2002-01-04 | 2005-12-29 | Fa.Josef Reichenbruch | Method for detecting gas types and method for operating a firing device and firing device for carrying out these methods |
-
2012
- 2012-09-05 DE DE102012108268.5A patent/DE102012108268A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2013
- 2013-07-12 EP EP13176387.2A patent/EP2706300B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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EP2706300A3 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
DE102012108268A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
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