EP2586049B1 - Tap changer - Google Patents

Tap changer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2586049B1
EP2586049B1 EP11717953.1A EP11717953A EP2586049B1 EP 2586049 B1 EP2586049 B1 EP 2586049B1 EP 11717953 A EP11717953 A EP 11717953A EP 2586049 B1 EP2586049 B1 EP 2586049B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
ttv
ttf
mechanical
mtf
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11717953.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2586049A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Hammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2586049A1 publication Critical patent/EP2586049A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2586049B1 publication Critical patent/EP2586049B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tap changer for uninterrupted switching between at least two winding taps of a tapped transformer with the features of the independent claim.
  • connection switch which consists of a connection selector and a switch with vacuum breakers.
  • the changeover switch has three phases which serve to guide the load. Two of the phases each consist of a vacuum interrupter and a resistor connected in series. The third phase has an auxiliary switch and a vacuum interrupter connected in series. When switching from one connection winding to the next, a targeted actuation of the vacuum interrupter and the auxiliary switch attempts to limit the load on the vacuum interrupters.
  • the main branch consists of a vacuum interrupter and a main switching contact, with both parts connected in series.
  • the resistance branch consists of a vacuum interrupter, a resistance contact and a resistor, whereby all parts are connected in series.
  • the changeover in the diverter switch always takes place after the selector has selected the winding to be switched over to.
  • Both the main switching contact and the resistance contact are designed such that the switching takes place by a rotational movement in the always same direction. Each time you switch over, the main switch contact is always pressed in front of the resistor switch contact. The diverter switch is thus more compact and less maintenance intensive.
  • a tap changer which has a total of four vacuum interrupters per phase.
  • each of the two existing load branches each have a vacuum interrupter as the main contact and a further vacuum interrupter, in series with a cross-over resistance, provided as a resistor contact.
  • the main contact of the turn-off side is first opened, after which the resistance contact of the receiving side is closed, so that between the two stages n and n + 1 through the Overload resistors limited compensating current flows. After the previously closed resistive contact of the disconnecting side has opened, the main contact of the receiving side closes, so that the entire load current from the new winding tap n + 1 leads to the load discharge, whereby the switching is completed.
  • the vacuum interrupters used in this known tap-changer and numerous similar known embodiments, which are used instead of conventional mechanical contacts for load switching, have a number of advantages. Since the contacts themselves are encapsulated in a vacuum, high switching capacities can be achieved. The encapsulated, hermetically sealed contacts also can not lead to the fouling and contamination of the surrounding insulating oil in the tap-changer by contact erosion or arcing. Furthermore, vacuum interrupters are now available as very compact components; they have a small footprint and require only relatively low actuation forces.
  • An object of the present invention is to propose a tap changer of the type mentioned above with high surge voltage resistance, also referred to as a0-strength.
  • a tap changer for uninterrupted switching between at least two winding taps of a tapped transformer with the features of independent claim 1 is proposed.
  • a load branch is provided with a path comprising a series arrangement of at least one vacuum interrupter and at least one mechanical switching element, which in the present context can also be referred to as a variably adjustable or switchable switching contact.
  • the tap changer has two resistance branches, each having a series arrangement of at least one vacuum interrupter, at least one mechanical switching element and have a resistance.
  • the at least two winding taps can be variably coupled together and / or acted upon with a load dissipation.
  • the total of at least three vacuum interrupters and at least three mechanical switching elements with a defined time offset to each other in each case different switching directions can be switched together.
  • the mechanical switching element in the load branch on a switching time between the two winding taps of the tapped transformer, in which the contact of the switched with the mechanical switching element in series vacuum interrupter is open.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention forms a so-called. Three-cell circuit, in which a soft switching on and off is made possible. This circuit is particularly suitable for a combination with a rotational energy storage.
  • the switching point of the mechanical switching element in the load branch is independent of the switching direction in each case within a phase in which the vacuum interrupter is open.
  • the vacuum interrupters of the two resistance branches turn each other with a time delay so that they are not opened simultaneously at any one time.
  • a preferred embodiment variant permanent main contacts provide that produce a direct line connection between the respective winding tap of the tapped transformer and the load dissipation in the closed position switch.
  • the contact of such a permanent main contact switch preferably opens on the disconnecting side before all other switching elements (MSV, TTV, MTF, TTF), while the contact closes on the aufrismden page to all other switching elements.
  • a preferred embodiment of the tap changer according to the invention provides a rotatable switching shaft, the actuators are assigned for each actuation phase for the mechanical switching elements or vacuum interrupters, wherein the actuators are each associated with the control shaft rotatable, concentric cams with frontal or peripheral contours. These end or circumferential contours can be formed in particular by projections, cams o. The like., Which are used to actuate the switching elements and / or vacuum interrupters are suitable.
  • the switching times triggered by the cams are independent of their direction of rotation or of the direction of rotation of the switching shaft.
  • FIG. 1 The presentation of the Fig. 1 to a flowchart of the switching sequences of a first embodiment of a tap changer 10 of the invention (see. Fig. 2 ) during a switching cycle in each different switching directions clarify.
  • the upper diagram illustrates the switching sequence of a total of six individual switching units existing tap changer 10 in a first switching direction, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram from left to right, while the lower diagram shows the switching sequence in the opposite direction, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram of right to left.
  • the schematic representation of Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram with the various components of the tap changer 10, which can be rotated and switched in both switching directions, which in Fig. 2 is characterized by the optional switching directions n ⁇ n + 1 and n ⁇ n + 1.
  • the in Fig. 2 The tap changer 10 forms a load branch or load path 18, which runs in the middle of the circuit diagram between two resistance branches 20 and 22 on the circuit diagram.
  • the load path 18 comprises a series arrangement of a vacuum interrupter MSV and a mechanical switching element MTF, which in the present context can also be referred to as a variably adjustable or switchable switching contact.
  • the mechanical switching element MTF acts as a changeover switch, which connects the vacuum interrupter MSV either electrically conductively to the first 12 or the second winding tap 14.
  • the two winding taps 12 and 14 of Stepped transformer 16 are variably coupled to each other and / or acted upon with a load dissipation LA.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 2 further shows two additional switch or permanent main contacts MC (MC 1 and MC 2 ), which are additionally provided on the off and auflogicden side.
  • These so-called permanent main contacts MC or additional switches each carry a continuous current.
  • they are preferably connected so that the contact MC 1 on the disconnecting side before all other switching elements (MSV, TTV, MTF, TTF) opens and the contact MC 2 closes on the aufrichden page after all other switching elements.
  • the first contact MC 1 is disposed between the first winding tap 12 and the load dissipation
  • the second contact MC 2 is disposed between the second winding tap 14 and the load dissipation.
  • the three vacuum interrupters MSV, TTV 1 and TTV 2 and the three mechanical switching elements MSV, TTF 1 and TTF 2 are according to Fig. 1 with a defined time offset to each other in each case different switching directions (n ⁇ n + 1 or n + 1 ⁇ n) jointly switchable.
  • Fig. 1 top, n ⁇ n + 1 can be seen, first opens the arranged in the third path 22 and the second resistance branch vacuum interrupter TTV 2 , before with a short time offset the associated mechanical switching element TTF 2 in the same path 22 of the first winding tapping 12th to the second winding tapping 14 of the tapped transformer 16 switches.
  • the vacuum interrupter MSV located in the load branch 18 opens before the switch MTF located in the same path 18 switches over from one to the other winding tapping 12 or 14 during the opening phase of the tube MSV.
  • the vacuum interrupter TTV 1 located in the second path 20 or in the first resistance branch opens before the vacuum interrupter MSV in the load branch 18 closes.
  • the corresponding switching element TTF 1 switches over in this branch 20.
  • the corresponding vacuum interrupter TTV 1 closes again, bringing the switching cycle accordingly Fig. 1 is completed.
  • FIG. 3 The presentation of the Fig. 3 is in another flowchart, the switching sequences of an alternative embodiment of a tap changer 10 of the invention (see. Fig. 2 ) during a switching cycle in each different switching directions clarify.
  • the upper diagram in turn illustrates the switching sequence of the existing of a total of six individual switching units tap changer 10 in a first switching direction, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram from left to right, while the lower diagram shows the switching sequence in the opposite direction of switching, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram from right to left.
  • the three vacuum interrupters MSV, TTV 1 and TTV 2 and the three mechanical switching elements MSV, TTF 1 and TTF 2 are according to Fig. 3 with a defined time offset to each other in each case different switching directions (n ⁇ n + 1 or n + 1 ⁇ n) jointly switchable.
  • Fig. 3 top, n ⁇ n + 1) can be seen, first opens the arranged in the third path 22 and the second resistance branch vacuum interrupter TTV 2 , before with a short time offset the associated mechanical switching element TTF 2 in the same path 22 of the first winding tapping 12th to the second winding tapping 14 of the tapped transformer 16 switches.
  • the vacuum interrupter MSV located in the load branch 18 opens before first the vacuum interrupter TTV 2 closes and then the changeover switch MTF located in the load path 18 switches over from one to the other winding tapping 12 or 14 during the opening phase of the tube MSV.
  • the vacuum interrupter TTV 1 located in the second path 20 or in the first resistance branch opens, so that the corresponding switching element TTF 1 switches over in this branch 20 during the open phase of this tube TTV 1 .
  • the tube TTV 1 closes the tube located in the load path 18 MSV.
  • the corresponding vacuum interrupter TTV 1 closes again, bringing the switching cycle accordingly Fig. 3 (above, n ⁇ n + 1) is completed.
  • This switching delay in the switching-back direction for the switching element MTF can, for example, by a suitable freewheeling element o. The like. Are triggered, which can provide the desired hysteresis in the switching operations in different switching directions. Due to the in-stage switch 10 located mechanically rigid coupling of the other two switching elements and the total of three vacuum interrupters in the three branches of the switching operation in the reverse direction in reverse order, moreover, as previously with reference to the upper illustration of Fig. 3 described.
  • FIG. 4 shows a simplified circuit of the tap changer 10, in which the permanent main contacts or mechanical contacts MC (see FIG. Fig. 2 ) absence.
  • the tap changer 10 are only the already Fig. 2 described three branches 18, 20 and 22 present.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Stufenschalter zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen wenigstens zwei Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs.The present invention relates to a tap changer for uninterrupted switching between at least two winding taps of a tapped transformer with the features of the independent claim.

Aus der DE 10 2007 004 530 A1 ist ein Anschlussschalter bekannt, der aus einem Anschlussauswähler sowie einem Umschalter mit Vakuum-Unterbrechern besteht. Der Umschalter weist drei Phasen auf die der Lastführung dienen. Zwei der Phasen bestehen aus jeweils einem Vakuum-Unterbrecher und einem dazu in Reihe geschalteten Wiederstand. Die dritte Phase weist einen Hilfsschalter und einen Vakuum-Unterbrecher auf, die in Reihe geschaltet sind. Bei einer Umschaltung von einer Anschlusswicklung zur nächsten wird durch gezielte Betätigung der Vakuum-Unterbrecher und des Hilfsschalters versucht, die Beanspruchung der Vakuum-Unterbrecher zu begrenzen.From the DE 10 2007 004 530 A1 a connection switch is known, which consists of a connection selector and a switch with vacuum breakers. The changeover switch has three phases which serve to guide the load. Two of the phases each consist of a vacuum interrupter and a resistor connected in series. The third phase has an auxiliary switch and a vacuum interrupter connected in series. When switching from one connection winding to the next, a targeted actuation of the vacuum interrupter and the auxiliary switch attempts to limit the load on the vacuum interrupters.

Aus der WO 2006/004527 A1 ist ein Lastumschalter eines Laststufenschalters bekannt, der zwei Lastzweige, nämlich Hauptzweig und Widerstandszeig, aufweist. Der Hauptzweig besteht aus einer Vakuumschaltröhre und einem Hauptschaltkontakt, wobei beide Teile in Reihe geschaltet sind. Der Widerstandszweig besteht aus einer Vakuumschaltröhre, einem Widerstandsschalkontakt und einem Widerstand, wobei auch hier alle Teile in Reihe geschaltet sind. Die Umschaltung im Lastumschalter erfolgt stets nach dem der Wähler die Wicklung auf die umgeschaltet werden soll vorgewählt hat. Sowohl der Hauptschaltkontakt als auch der Widerstandskontakt sind derart ausgebildet, dass die Umschaltung durch eine Drehbewegung in die immer gleiche Richtung erfolgt. Bei jeder Umschaltung wird stets der Hauptschaltkontakt vor dem Widerstandsschaltkontakt betätigt. Der Lastumschalter gestaltet sich dadurch kompakter und weniger wartungsintensiv.From the WO 2006/004527 A1 is a Lastumschalter an on-load tap changer known, the two load branches, namely main branch and resistance indicator has. The main branch consists of a vacuum interrupter and a main switching contact, with both parts connected in series. The resistance branch consists of a vacuum interrupter, a resistance contact and a resistor, whereby all parts are connected in series. The changeover in the diverter switch always takes place after the selector has selected the winding to be switched over to. Both the main switching contact and the resistance contact are designed such that the switching takes place by a rotational movement in the always same direction. Each time you switch over, the main switch contact is always pressed in front of the resistor switch contact. The diverter switch is thus more compact and less maintenance intensive.

Aus der DE 20 21 575 ist ein Stufenschalter bekannt, der insgesamt vier Vakuumschaltröhren pro Phase aufweist. In jedem der beiden vorhandenen Lastzweige sind jeweils eine Vakuumschaltröhre als Hauptkontakt und jeweils eine weitere Vakuumschaltröhre, in Reihenschaltung mit einem Überschaltwiderstand, als Widerstandskontakt vorgesehen.From the DE 20 21 575 is known a tap changer, which has a total of four vacuum interrupters per phase. In each of the two existing load branches each have a vacuum interrupter as the main contact and a further vacuum interrupter, in series with a cross-over resistance, provided as a resistor contact.

Bei einer unterbrechungslosen Lastumschaltung von der bisherigen Wicklungsanzapfung n auf eine neue, vorgewählte Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 wird zunächst der Hauptkontakt der abschaltenden Seite geöffnet, wonach der Widerstandskontakt der übernehmenden Seite geschlossen wird, so dass zwischen den beiden Stufen n und n+1 ein durch die Überschaltwiderstände begrenzter Ausgleichsstrom fließt. Nachdem der bisher geschlossene Widerstandskontakt der abschaltenden Seite geöffnet hat, schließt der Hauptkontakt der übernehmenden Seite, so dass der gesamte Laststrom von der neuen Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 zur Lastableitung führt, womit die Umschaltung beendet ist.In an uninterrupted load changeover from the previous winding tap n to a new, preselected winding tap n + 1, the main contact of the turn-off side is first opened, after which the resistance contact of the receiving side is closed, so that between the two stages n and n + 1 through the Overload resistors limited compensating current flows. After the previously closed resistive contact of the disconnecting side has opened, the main contact of the receiving side closes, so that the entire load current from the new winding tap n + 1 leads to the load discharge, whereby the switching is completed.

Die bei diesem bekannten Stufenschalter und zahlreichen ähnlichen bekannten Ausführungsformen verwendeten Vakuumschaltröhren, die anstelle von herkömmlichen mechanischen Kontakten zur Lastumschaltung verwendet werden, besitzen eine Reihe von Vorteilen. Da die Kontakte selbst im Vakuum gekapselt sind, lassen sich hohe Schaltleistungen realisieren. Die gekapselten, hermetisch abgeschlossenen Kontakte können außerdem nicht zur Verrußung und Verschmutzung des sie umgebenden Isolieröls im Stufenschalter durch Kontaktabbrand oder Lichtbögen führen. Weiterhin sind Vakuumschaltröhren inzwischen als sehr kompakte Bauteile verfügbar; sie weisen einen geringen Platzbedarf auf und erfordern nur relativ geringe Betätigungskräfte.The vacuum interrupters used in this known tap-changer and numerous similar known embodiments, which are used instead of conventional mechanical contacts for load switching, have a number of advantages. Since the contacts themselves are encapsulated in a vacuum, high switching capacities can be achieved. The encapsulated, hermetically sealed contacts also can not lead to the fouling and contamination of the surrounding insulating oil in the tap-changer by contact erosion or arcing. Furthermore, vacuum interrupters are now available as very compact components; they have a small footprint and require only relatively low actuation forces.

Bei verschiedenen Anwendungsfällen solcher bekannter Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren zur Regelung von Leistungstransformatoren ist jedoch eine hohe Stoßspannungsfestigkeit von vorzugsweise bis zu Spannungen von 100 kV und deutlicher darüber hinaus erforderlich. Solche unerwünschte Stoßspannungen, deren Höhe wesentlich durch den Aufbau des Stufentransformators und der Wicklungsteile zwischen den einzelnen Anzapfstufen bedingt ist, sind zum einen Blitzstoßspannungen, die sich durch das Einschlagen von Blitzen im Netz ergeben. Zum anderen können auch Schaltstoßspannungen auftreten, die durch nicht vorhersehbare Schaltstöße im zu regelnden Netz verursacht sind. Bei nicht ausreichender Stoßspannungsfestigkeit des Stufenschalters kann es zu kurzzeitigem Stufenkurzschluss bzw. unerwünschtem Durchschlag an der Keramik bzw. dem Dampfschirm betroffener Vakuumschaltröhren im nicht den Laststrom führenden Lastzweig kommen, was nicht nur deren Langzeitschädigung verursachen kann, sondern generell unerwünscht ist.In various applications of such known tap changer with vacuum interrupters for controlling power transformers, however, is a high Surge withstand voltage of preferably up to voltages of 100 kV and more clearly required beyond. Such unwanted surge voltages, the amount of which is largely due to the structure of the tapped transformer and the winding parts between the tapping stages are, on the one hand, lightning impulse voltages that result from the impact of lightning in the network. On the other hand, switching impulse voltages can occur, which are caused by unpredictable switching shocks in the network to be controlled. If the impulse withstand voltage of the on-load tap-changer is insufficient, short-term step short circuit or undesirable breakdown of the ceramic or vapor shield of affected vacuum interrupters may occur in the load branch not leading to the load current, which may not only cause their long-term damage, but is generally undesirable.

Aus der DE 23 57 209 A und der DE 26 04 344 A ist es bereits bekannt, zur Bekämpfung zu hoher Stoßspannungsbeanspruchungen zwischen den Lastzweigen Schutzfunkenstrecken oder auch spannungsabhängige Widerstände oder auch beides vorzusehen; diese Mittel sind jedoch in verschiedenen Fällen unzureichend und können schädliche Stoßspannungsbeanspruchungen in ihrer Wirkung nicht oder nicht vollständig ausschließen.From the DE 23 57 209 A and the DE 26 04 344 A It is already known to provide protective spark gaps or voltage-dependent resistors or both to combat high surge voltages between the load branches; However, these agents are inadequate in various cases and can not or completely exclude harmful impulse stresses in their effect.

Ein Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, einen Stufenschalter der eingangs genannten Art mit hoher Stoßspannungsfestigkeit, auch als a0-Festigkeit bezeichnet, vorzuschlagen.An object of the present invention is to propose a tap changer of the type mentioned above with high surge voltage resistance, also referred to as a0-strength.

Dieses Ziel der Erfindung wird mit dem Gegenstand des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs erreicht. Merkmale vorteilhafter Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen. Zur Erreichung des Ziels der Erfindung wird ein Stufenschalter zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen wenigstens zwei Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen. Bei diesem Stufenschalter ist ein Lastzweig mit einem Pfad vorgesehen, der eine Serienanordnung aus wenigstens einer Vakuumschaltröhre und wenigstens einem mechanischen Schaltelement umfasst, der im vorliegenden Zusammenhang auch als variabel einstellbarer oder umschaltbarer Schaltkontakt bezeichnet werden kann. Weiterhin besitzt der Stufenschalter zwei Widerstandszweige, die jeweils eine Serienanordnung aus wenigstens einer Vakuumschaltröhre, wenigstens einem mechanischen Schaltelement sowie einem Widerstand aufweisen. Auf diese Weise können die wenigstens zwei Wicklungsanzapfungen variabel miteinander gekoppelt und/oder mit einer Lastableitung beaufschlagt werden. Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die insgesamt wenigstens drei Vakuumschaltröhren und wenigstens drei mechanischen Schaltelemente mit definiertem zeitlichem Versatz zueinander in jeweils unterschiedliche Schaltrichtungen gemeinsam schaltbar. Zudem weist das mechanische Schaltelement im Lastzweig einen Umschaltzeitpunkt zwischen den beiden Wicklungsanzapfungen des Stufentransformators auf, bei dem der Kontakt der mit dem mechanischen Schaltelement in Serie geschalteten Vakuumschaltröhre geöffnet ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung bildet eine sog. Dreizellenschaltung, bei der ein weiches Ein- und Ausschalten ermöglicht ist. Diese Schaltungsanordnung eignet sich besonders für eine Kombination mit einem Rotationskraftspeicher.This object of the invention is achieved with the subject matter of the independent patent claim. Features of advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims. To achieve the object of the invention, a tap changer for uninterrupted switching between at least two winding taps of a tapped transformer with the features of independent claim 1 is proposed. In this tap changer, a load branch is provided with a path comprising a series arrangement of at least one vacuum interrupter and at least one mechanical switching element, which in the present context can also be referred to as a variably adjustable or switchable switching contact. Furthermore, the tap changer has two resistance branches, each having a series arrangement of at least one vacuum interrupter, at least one mechanical switching element and have a resistance. In this way, the at least two winding taps can be variably coupled together and / or acted upon with a load dissipation. According to the present invention, the total of at least three vacuum interrupters and at least three mechanical switching elements with a defined time offset to each other in each case different switching directions can be switched together. In addition, the mechanical switching element in the load branch on a switching time between the two winding taps of the tapped transformer, in which the contact of the switched with the mechanical switching element in series vacuum interrupter is open. The circuit arrangement according to the invention forms a so-called. Three-cell circuit, in which a soft switching on and off is made possible. This circuit is particularly suitable for a combination with a rotational energy storage.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters liegt der Umschaltpunkt des mechanischen Schaltelements im Lastzweig unabhängig von der Schaltrichtung jeweils innerhalb einer Phase, bei der die Vakuumschaltröhre geöffnet ist. Zudem schalten die Vakuumschaltröhren der beiden Widerstandszweige zeitversetzt zueinander, so dass sie zu keinem Zeitpunkt gleichzeitig geöffnet sind.According to a preferred embodiment of the tap changer according to the invention, the switching point of the mechanical switching element in the load branch is independent of the switching direction in each case within a phase in which the vacuum interrupter is open. In addition, the vacuum interrupters of the two resistance branches turn each other with a time delay so that they are not opened simultaneously at any one time.

Weiterhin kann eine bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante Dauerhauptkontakte vorsehen, die in geschlossener Schaltstellung eine direkte Leitungsverbindung zwischen der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung des Stufentransformators und der Lastableitung herstellen. Der Kontakt eines solchen Dauerhauptkontaktschalters öffnet vorzugsweise auf der abschaltenden Seite vor allen übrigen Schaltelementen (MSV, TTV, MTF, TTF), während der Kontakt auf der aufschaltenden Seite nach allen übrigen Schaltelementen schließt.Furthermore, a preferred embodiment variant permanent main contacts provide that produce a direct line connection between the respective winding tap of the tapped transformer and the load dissipation in the closed position switch. The contact of such a permanent main contact switch preferably opens on the disconnecting side before all other switching elements (MSV, TTV, MTF, TTF), while the contact closes on the aufschaltenden page to all other switching elements.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters sieht eine drehbare Schaltwelle vor, der Betätigungselemente für jede Betätigungsphase für die mechanischen Schaltelemente bzw. Vakuumschaltröhren zugeordnet sind, wobei die Betätigungselemente jeweils von der Schaltwelle drehbaren, konzentrischen Kurvenscheiben mit stirn- oder umfangsseitigen Konturen zugeordnet sind. Diese stirn- oder umfangsseitigen Konturen können insbesondere durch Vorsprünge, Nocken o. dgl. gebildet sein, die zur Betätigung der Schaltelemente und/oder Vakuumschaltröhren geeignet sind. Zudem sind die von den Kurvenscheiben ausgelösten Schaltzeitpunkte unabhängig von ihrer Drehrichtung bzw. von der Drehrichtung der Schaltwelle.A preferred embodiment of the tap changer according to the invention provides a rotatable switching shaft, the actuators are assigned for each actuation phase for the mechanical switching elements or vacuum interrupters, wherein the actuators are each associated with the control shaft rotatable, concentric cams with frontal or peripheral contours. These end or circumferential contours can be formed in particular by projections, cams o. The like., Which are used to actuate the switching elements and / or vacuum interrupters are suitable. In addition, the switching times triggered by the cams are independent of their direction of rotation or of the direction of rotation of the switching shaft.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Verwendung der nachfolgend beschriebenen Zeichnungen näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt ein Ablaufdiagramm zur Verdeutlichung der Schaltabläufe eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters während eines Schaltzyklus in jeweils unterschiedliche Schaltrichtungen.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt ein Schaltbild zur Verdeutlichung der Verschaltung der Widerstands- und Lastzweige des erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters.
  • Fig. 3 zeigt ein weiteres Ablaufdiagramm zur Verdeutlichung der Schaltabläufe eines alternativen Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters während eines Schaltzyklus in jeweils unterschiedliche Schaltrichtungen.
  • Fig. 4 zeigt anhand eines weiteren Schaltbildes eine vereinfachte Variante eines Stufenschalters ohne die in Fig. 2 gezeigten Dauerhauptkontakte.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments using the drawings described below.
  • Fig. 1 shows a flowchart for illustrating the switching sequences of an embodiment of a tap changer according to the invention during a switching cycle in each case different switching directions.
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram to illustrate the interconnection of the resistance and load branches of the tap changer according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further flow diagram to illustrate the switching sequences of an alternative embodiment of the tap changer according to the invention during a switching cycle in each case different switching directions.
  • Fig. 4 shows on the basis of another circuit diagram a simplified variant of a tap changer without the in Fig. 2 shown permanent main contacts.

Die nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele der Schaltungen und der aufeinander abgestimmten Schaltvorgänge und -reihenfolgen der mechanischen Schaltelemente und Vakuumschaltröhren sind nicht einschränkend zu verstehen, sondern dienen zur Erläuterung der Funktionen und der Schaltmöglichkeiten eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters. Die Darstellung der Fig. 1 soll in einem Ablaufdiagramm die Schaltabläufe eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters 10 (vgl. Fig. 2) während eines Schaltzyklus in jeweils unterschiedlichen Schaltrichtungen verdeutlichen. Das obere Diagramm verdeutlicht die Schaltfolge eines aus insgesamt sechs einzelnen Schalteinheiten bestehenden Stufenschalters 10 in eine erste Schaltrichtung, gekennzeichnet durch eine Antriebsrichtung im Diagramm von links nach rechts, während das untere Diagramm die Schaltfolge in entgegen gesetzte Schaltrichtung zeigt, gekennzeichnet durch eine Antriebsrichtung im Diagramm von rechts nach links.The embodiments of the circuits described below and the coordinated switching operations and sequences of the mechanical switching elements and vacuum interrupters are not intended to be limiting, but serve to explain the functions and the switching capabilities of a tap changer according to the invention. The presentation of the Fig. 1 to a flowchart of the switching sequences of a first embodiment of a tap changer 10 of the invention (see. Fig. 2 ) during a switching cycle in each different switching directions clarify. The upper diagram illustrates the switching sequence of a total of six individual switching units existing tap changer 10 in a first switching direction, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram from left to right, while the lower diagram shows the switching sequence in the opposite direction, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram of right to left.

Die schematische Darstellung der Fig. 2 zeigt ein Schaltbild mit den verschiedenen Komponenten des Stufenschalters 10, der in beide Schaltrichtungen gedreht und geschaltet werden kann, was in Fig. 2 gekennzeichnet ist durch die optional zu verstehenden Schaltrichtungen n → n+1 und n ← n+1. Der in Fig. 2 anhand eines Prinzipschaltbildes dargestellte Stufenschalter 10 dient zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen zwei Wicklungsanzapfungen 12 und 14 eines Stufentransformators 16. Der Stufenschalter 10 bildet einen Lastzweig bzw. Lastpfad 18, der im Schaltbild mittig zwischen zwei Widerstandszweigen 20 und 22 verläuft. Der Lastpfad 18 umfasst eine Serienanordnung aus einer Vakuumschaltröhre MSV und einem mechanischen Schaltelement MTF, die im vorliegenden Zusammenhang auch als variabel einstellbarer oder umschaltbarer Schaltkontakt bezeichnet werden kann. Das mechanische Schaltelement MTF fungiert als Umschalter, der die Vakuumschaltröhre MSV wahlweise elektrisch leitend mit der ersten 12 oder der zweiten Wicklungsanzapfung 14 verbindet.The schematic representation of Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram with the various components of the tap changer 10, which can be rotated and switched in both switching directions, which in Fig. 2 is characterized by the optional switching directions n → n + 1 and n ← n + 1. The in Fig. 2 The tap changer 10 forms a load branch or load path 18, which runs in the middle of the circuit diagram between two resistance branches 20 and 22 on the circuit diagram. The load path 18 comprises a series arrangement of a vacuum interrupter MSV and a mechanical switching element MTF, which in the present context can also be referred to as a variably adjustable or switchable switching contact. The mechanical switching element MTF acts as a changeover switch, which connects the vacuum interrupter MSV either electrically conductively to the first 12 or the second winding tap 14.

Ein zweiter Pfad 20, der dem erstem Widerstandszweig entspricht, ist durch eine Serienschaltung aus einer weiteren Vakuumschaltröhre TTV1 und einem mechanischen Schaltelement TTF1 sowie einem Widerstand R1 gebildet. Ein dritter Pfad 22, der dem zweiten Widerstandszweig entspricht, ist durch eine Serienschaltung aus einer weiteren Vakuumschaltröhre TTV2 und einem mechanischen Schaltelement TTF2 sowie einem Widerstand R2 gebildet. Durch Umschalten der beiden mechanischen Schaltelemente TTF1 und TTF2 und durch Öffnen und Schließen der beiden Vakuumschaltröhren TTV1 und TTV2 sowie durch Umschalten des mechanischen Schaltelements MTF im Lastzweig und durch Öffnen und Schließen der entsprechenden Vakuumschaltröhre MSV können die beiden Wicklungsanzapfungen 12 und 14 des Stufentransformators 16 variabel miteinander gekoppelt und/oder mit einer Lastableitung LA beaufschlagt werden.A second path 20, which corresponds to the first resistance branch, is formed by a series connection of a further vacuum interrupter TTV 1 and a mechanical switching element TTF 1 and a resistor R 1 . A third path 22, which corresponds to the second resistance branch, is formed by a series connection of a further vacuum interrupter TTV 2 and a mechanical switching element TTF 2 and a resistor R 2 . By switching the two mechanical switching elements TTF 1 and TTF 2 and by opening and closing the two vacuum interrupters TTV 1 and TTV 2 and by switching the mechanical switching element MTF in the load branch and by opening and closing the corresponding vacuum interrupter MSV, the two winding taps 12 and 14 of Stepped transformer 16 are variably coupled to each other and / or acted upon with a load dissipation LA.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 2 zeigt weiterhin zwei zusätzliche Schalter bzw. Dauerhauptkontakte MC (MC1 und MC2), die zusätzlich auf der ab- und aufschaltenden Seite vorgesehen sind. Diese sog. Dauerhauptkontakte MC bzw. zusätzlichen Schalter führen jeweils einen Dauerstrom. Zudem sind sie vorzugsweise so geschaltet, dass der Kontakt MC1 auf der abschaltenden Seite vor allen übrigen Schaltelementen (MSV, TTV, MTF, TTF) öffnet und der Kontakt MC2 auf der aufschaltenden Seite nach allen übrigen Schaltelementen schließt. Wie anhand der Fig. 2 gezeigt, ist der erste Kontakt MC1zwischen der ersten Wicklungsanzapfung 12 und der Lastableitung angeordnet, während der zweite Kontakt MC2 zwischen der zweiten Wicklungsanzapfung 14 und der Lastableitung angeordnet ist.The presentation of the Fig. 2 further shows two additional switch or permanent main contacts MC (MC 1 and MC 2 ), which are additionally provided on the off and aufschaltenden side. These so-called permanent main contacts MC or additional switches each carry a continuous current. In addition, they are preferably connected so that the contact MC 1 on the disconnecting side before all other switching elements (MSV, TTV, MTF, TTF) opens and the contact MC 2 closes on the aufschaltenden page after all other switching elements. As based on the Fig. 2 1 , the first contact MC 1 is disposed between the first winding tap 12 and the load dissipation, while the second contact MC 2 is disposed between the second winding tap 14 and the load dissipation.

Die drei Vakuumschaltröhren MSV, TTV1 und TTV2 und die drei mechanischen Schaltelemente MSV, TTF1 und TTF2 sind gemäß Fig. 1 mit definiertem zeitlichem Versatz zueinander in jeweils unterschiedliche Schaltrichtungen (n → n+1 oder n+1 → n) gemeinsam schaltbar. Wie anhand der Fig. 1 (oben; n → n+1) zu erkennen ist, öffnet zunächst die im dritten Pfad 22 bzw. im zweiten Widerstandszweig angeordnete Vakuumschaltröhre TTV2, bevor mit kurzem zeitlichen Versatz das zugehörige mechanische Schaltelement TTF2 im selben Pfad 22 von der ersten Wicklungsanzapfung 12 zur zweiten Wickelungsanzapfung 14 des Stufentransformators 16 umschaltet. Anschließend öffnet die im Lastzweig 18 befindliche Vakuumschaltröhre MSV, bevor der im selben Pfad 18 befindliche Umschalter MTF während der Öffnungsphase der Röhre MSV von einer zur anderen Wicklungsanzapfung 12 bzw. 14 umschaltet. Anschließend öffnet die im zweiten Pfad 20 bzw. im ersten Widerstandszweig befindliche Vakuumschaltröhre TTV1, bevor die im Lastzweig 18 befindliche Vakuumschaltröhre MSV schließt. Während der geöffneten Phase der Röhre TTV1 schaltet das entsprechende Schaltelement TTF1 in diesem Zweig 20 um. Nach abgeschlossenem Umschaltvorgang des mechanischen Schaltelements TTF1 im zweiten Pfad 20 schließt auch die entsprechende Vakuumschaltröhre TTV1 wieder, womit der Schaltzyklus entsprechend Fig. 1 abgeschlossen ist.The three vacuum interrupters MSV, TTV 1 and TTV 2 and the three mechanical switching elements MSV, TTF 1 and TTF 2 are according to Fig. 1 with a defined time offset to each other in each case different switching directions (n → n + 1 or n + 1 → n) jointly switchable. As based on the Fig. 1 (top, n → n + 1) can be seen, first opens the arranged in the third path 22 and the second resistance branch vacuum interrupter TTV 2 , before with a short time offset the associated mechanical switching element TTF 2 in the same path 22 of the first winding tapping 12th to the second winding tapping 14 of the tapped transformer 16 switches. Subsequently, the vacuum interrupter MSV located in the load branch 18 opens before the switch MTF located in the same path 18 switches over from one to the other winding tapping 12 or 14 during the opening phase of the tube MSV. Subsequently, the vacuum interrupter TTV 1 located in the second path 20 or in the first resistance branch opens before the vacuum interrupter MSV in the load branch 18 closes. During the open phase of the tube TTV 1 , the corresponding switching element TTF 1 switches over in this branch 20. After completion of the switching operation of the mechanical switching element TTF 1 in the second path 20, the corresponding vacuum interrupter TTV 1 closes again, bringing the switching cycle accordingly Fig. 1 is completed.

Da sich die in Fig. 1 oben und unten dargestellten Zyklen in beide Schaltrichtungen nicht oder nur marginal unterscheiden, kann auf eine detaillierte Beschreibung des Schaltvorgangs in die andere Schaltrichtung (n ← n+1) an dieser Stelle verzichtet werden. Aufgrund der im Stufenschalter 10 befindlichen mechanisch starren Koppelung der jeweils drei Schaltelemente und Vakuumschaltröhren in den drei Zweigen erfolgt der Schaltvorgang in Rückschaltrichtung in umgekehrter Reihenfolge wie zuvor anhand der oberen Darstellung der Fig. 1 beschrieben.Since the in Fig. 1 Above or below illustrated cycles in both switching directions not or only marginally different, can be dispensed with a detailed description of the switching operation in the other switching direction (n ← n + 1) at this point. Due to the in-stage switch 10 located mechanically rigid coupling of the three switching elements and vacuum interrupters in the three branches of the switching operation in the reverse direction in the reverse order as previously with reference to the upper illustration of Fig. 1 described.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 3 soll in einem weiteren Ablaufdiagramm die Schaltabläufe eines alternativen Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters 10 (vgl. Fig. 2) während eines Schaltzyklus in jeweils unterschiedlichen Schaltrichtungen verdeutlichen. Das obere Diagramm verdeutlicht wiederum die Schaltfolge des aus insgesamt sechs einzelnen Schalteinheiten bestehenden Stufenschalters 10 in eine erste Schaltrichtung, gekennzeichnet durch eine Antriebsrichtung im Diagramm von links nach rechts, während das untere Diagramm die Schaltfolge in entgegen gesetzte Schaltrichtung zeigt, gekennzeichnet durch eine Antriebsrichtung im Diagramm von rechts nach links.The presentation of the Fig. 3 is in another flowchart, the switching sequences of an alternative embodiment of a tap changer 10 of the invention (see. Fig. 2 ) during a switching cycle in each different switching directions clarify. The upper diagram in turn illustrates the switching sequence of the existing of a total of six individual switching units tap changer 10 in a first switching direction, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram from left to right, while the lower diagram shows the switching sequence in the opposite direction of switching, characterized by a drive direction in the diagram from right to left.

Die drei Vakuumschaltröhren MSV, TTV1 und TTV2 und die drei mechanischen Schaltelemente MSV, TTF1 und TTF2 sind gemäß Fig. 3 mit definiertem zeitlichem Versatz zueinander in jeweils unterschiedliche Schaltrichtungen (n → n+1 oder n+1 → n) gemeinsam schaltbar. Wie anhand der Fig. 3 (oben; n → n+1) zu erkennen ist, öffnet zunächst die im dritten Pfad 22 bzw. im zweiten Widerstandszweig angeordnete Vakuumschaltröhre TTV2, bevor mit kurzem zeitlichen Versatz das zugehörige mechanische Schaltelement TTF2 im selben Pfad 22 von der ersten Wicklungsanzapfung 12 zur zweiten Wickelungsanzapfung 14 des Stufentransformators 16 umschaltet. Anschließend öffnet die im Lastzweig 18 befindliche Vakuumschaltröhre MSV, bevor zunächst die Vakuumschaltröhre TTV2 schließt und anschließend der im Lastpfad 18 befindliche Umschalter MTF während der Öffnungsphase der Röhre MSV von einer zur anderen Wicklungsanzapfung 12 bzw. 14 umschaltet. Anschließend öffnet die im zweiten Pfad 20 bzw. im ersten Widerstandszweig befindliche Vakuumschaltröhre TTV1, so dass während der geöffneten Phase dieser Röhre TTV1 das entsprechende Schaltelement TTF1 in diesem Zweig 20 umschaltet. Nach dem Öffnen der Röhre TTV1 schließt die im Lastpfad 18 befindliche Röhre MSV. Nach abgeschlossenem Umschaltvorgang des mechanischen Schaltelements TTF1 im zweiten Pfad 20 schließt auch die entsprechende Vakuumschaltröhre TTV1 wieder, womit der Schaltzyklus entsprechend Fig. 3 (oben; n → n+1) abgeschlossen ist.The three vacuum interrupters MSV, TTV 1 and TTV 2 and the three mechanical switching elements MSV, TTF 1 and TTF 2 are according to Fig. 3 with a defined time offset to each other in each case different switching directions (n → n + 1 or n + 1 → n) jointly switchable. As based on the Fig. 3 (top, n → n + 1) can be seen, first opens the arranged in the third path 22 and the second resistance branch vacuum interrupter TTV 2 , before with a short time offset the associated mechanical switching element TTF 2 in the same path 22 of the first winding tapping 12th to the second winding tapping 14 of the tapped transformer 16 switches. Subsequently, the vacuum interrupter MSV located in the load branch 18 opens before first the vacuum interrupter TTV 2 closes and then the changeover switch MTF located in the load path 18 switches over from one to the other winding tapping 12 or 14 during the opening phase of the tube MSV. Subsequently, the vacuum interrupter TTV 1 located in the second path 20 or in the first resistance branch opens, so that the corresponding switching element TTF 1 switches over in this branch 20 during the open phase of this tube TTV 1 . After opening the tube TTV 1 closes the tube located in the load path 18 MSV. After completion of the switching operation of the mechanical switching element TTF 1 in the second path 20, the corresponding vacuum interrupter TTV 1 closes again, bringing the switching cycle accordingly Fig. 3 (above, n → n + 1) is completed.

Da sich die in Fig. 3 oben und unten dargestellten Zyklen in beide Schaltrichtungen nur an einer Stelle unterscheiden, kann auf eine detaillierte Beschreibung des Schaltvorgangs in die andere Schaltrichtung (n ← n+1) an dieser Stelle verzichtet werden. Lediglich der Schaltzeitpunkt des im Lastpfad 18 befindlichen mechanischen Schaltelements MTF unterscheidet sich in beiden Schaltrichtungen. So öffnet das Schaltelement MTF in der oben gezeigten Schaltrichtung (n → n+1) unmittelbar nach dem Schließen der Vakuumschaltröhre TTV2 im dritten Pfad 22 und beendet den Umschaltvorgang erst, nachdem die Vakuumschaltröhre TTV1 im zweiten Pfad 20 geöffnet wurde. Beim Rückschaltvorgang (n+1 → n) beginnt dagegen die Betätigung des Schaltelements MTF bei noch geschlossener Röhre TTV2 und endet zu einem Zeitpunkt, bei dem die Vakuumschaltröhre TTV2 geöffnet ist. Diese Schaltverzögerung in Rückschaltrichtung für das Schaltelement MTF kann bspw. durch ein geeignetes Freilaufelement o. dgl. ausgelöst werden, das für die gewünschte Hysterese bei den Schaltvorgängen in unterschiedliche Schaltrichtungen sorgen kann. Aufgrund der im Stufenschalter 10 befindlichen mechanisch starren Koppelung der übrigen beiden Schaltelemente und den insgesamt drei Vakuumschaltröhren in den drei Zweigen erfolgt der Schaltvorgang in Rückschaltrichtung in umgekehrter Reihenfolge im Übrigen wie zuvor anhand der oberen Darstellung der Fig. 3 beschrieben.Since the in Fig. 3 Distinguish both above and below illustrated cycles in both switching directions only at one point, can be dispensed with a detailed description of the switching operation in the other switching direction (n ← n + 1) at this point. Only the switching time of located in the load path 18 mechanical switching element MTF differs in both switching directions. Thus, the switching element MTF opens in the switching direction shown above (n → n + 1) immediately after closing the vacuum interrupter TTV 2 in the third path 22 and stops the switching only after the vacuum interrupter TTV 1 in the second path 20 has been opened. When switching back (n + 1 → n), however, the actuation of the switching element MTF begins when the tube TTV 2 is still closed and ends at a time at which the vacuum interrupter TTV 2 is open. This switching delay in the switching-back direction for the switching element MTF can, for example, by a suitable freewheeling element o. The like. Are triggered, which can provide the desired hysteresis in the switching operations in different switching directions. Due to the in-stage switch 10 located mechanically rigid coupling of the other two switching elements and the total of three vacuum interrupters in the three branches of the switching operation in the reverse direction in reverse order, moreover, as previously with reference to the upper illustration of Fig. 3 described.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 4 zeigt anhand eines weiteren Schaltbildes eine vereinfachte Variante des Stufenschalters 10, bei dem die Dauerhauptkontakte bzw. mechanischen Kontakte MC (vgl. Fig. 2) fehlen. Bei dieser alternativen bzw. optional zu verstehenden Variante des Stufenschalters 10 sind lediglich die bereits zur Fig. 2 beschriebenen drei Zweige 18, 20 und 22 vorhanden.The presentation of the Fig. 4 shows a simplified circuit of the tap changer 10, in which the permanent main contacts or mechanical contacts MC (see FIG. Fig. 2 ) absence. In this alternative or optionally to be understood variant of the tap changer 10 are only the already Fig. 2 described three branches 18, 20 and 22 present.

Claims (5)

  1. Tap changer (10) for uninterrupted switching over between at least two winding taps (12, 14) of a tapped transformer (16), wherein a load branch with a path (18), comprising a series arrangement of at least one vacuum switching tube (MSV) and at least one mechanical switching element (MTF), is provided, and wherein two resistance branches (20, 22), each comprising a series arrangement of at least one vacuum switching tube (TTV1; TTV2), at least one mechanical switching element (TTF1; TTF2) and a resistance (R1; R2), are provided, wherein the at least two winding taps (12, 14) can be variably coupled together and/or acted on by a load shunt (LA), wherein the, in total, at least three vacuum switching tubes (TTV1; TTV2; MSV) and at least three mechanical switching elements (TTF1; TTF2; MTF) are switchable in common with defined offset in time with respect to one another in respectively different switching directions, and wherein the mechanical switching element (MTF) in the load branch has a switch-over instant between the two winding taps (12, 14) of the tapped transformer (16) at which the contact of the vacuum switching tube (MSV) connected in series with the mechanical switching element (MTF) is open.
  2. Tap changer according to claim 1, in which the switch-over instant of the mechanical switching element (MTF) in the load branch is independent of the switching direction of the respective vacuum switching tube (MSV) open within a phase.
  3. Tap changer according to claim 1 or 2, in which the two vacuum switching tubes (TTV1; TTV2) of the parallel resistance branches (20, 22) switch offset in time relative to one another and are not open simultaneously at any point in time.
  4. Tap changer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which additionally has two mechanical permanent main contacts (MC), which in closed switch setting produce a direct conductive connection between the respective winding tap (12; 14) of the tapped transformer (16) and the load shunt (LA).
  5. Tap changer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises a rotatable switching shaft, with which actuating elements for each actuating phase for the mechanical switching elements (TTF1; TTF2; MTF) or vacuum switching tubes (TTV1; TTV2; MSV) are associated, wherein the actuating elements are respectively associated with concentric cam discs, which are rotatable by the switching shaft, with end-face or circumferential profiles, projections, dogs or the like.
EP11717953.1A 2010-06-22 2011-04-28 Tap changer Not-in-force EP2586049B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010024612.3A DE102010024612B4 (en) 2010-06-22 2010-06-22 step switch
PCT/EP2011/002120 WO2011160743A1 (en) 2010-06-22 2011-04-28 Tap changer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2586049A1 EP2586049A1 (en) 2013-05-01
EP2586049B1 true EP2586049B1 (en) 2016-07-27

Family

ID=44243618

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11717953.1A Not-in-force EP2586049B1 (en) 2010-06-22 2011-04-28 Tap changer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2586049B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102947909B (en)
DE (1) DE102010024612B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2011160743A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112670067B (en) * 2020-11-18 2022-07-01 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 Symmetrical vacuum bubble load balancing transition circuit device and control method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007004530A1 (en) * 2006-01-27 2007-09-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Connection switch for use in transformer, has main interrupter that is opened when auxiliary interrupters are closed and opened at side of respective conductive and non-conductive connections before transition operation
EP2569782B1 (en) * 2010-05-08 2014-12-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH On-load tap changer

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1638536A1 (en) * 1967-01-11 1970-08-06 Siemens Ag Arrangement and procedure for uninterrupted load switching in step transformers
DE2357209B1 (en) 1973-11-16 1975-02-13 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck Kg, 8400 Regensburg Step switch for step transformers
DE2604344A1 (en) 1976-02-05 1977-08-18 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck STEPPED TRANSFORMER WITH OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION DEVICE
BRPI0512861A (en) * 2004-06-30 2008-04-08 Abb Research Ltd diverter switch, method for operating such switch and use of such switch
CN201359917Y (en) * 2009-03-04 2009-12-09 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司 Double-track cam disc
CN201359915Y (en) * 2009-03-04 2009-12-09 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司 Vacuum tube switch core of on-load tap switch

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007004530A1 (en) * 2006-01-27 2007-09-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Connection switch for use in transformer, has main interrupter that is opened when auxiliary interrupters are closed and opened at side of respective conductive and non-conductive connections before transition operation
EP2569782B1 (en) * 2010-05-08 2014-12-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH On-load tap changer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010024612B4 (en) 2015-06-03
CN102947909A (en) 2013-02-27
EP2586049A1 (en) 2013-05-01
WO2011160743A1 (en) 2011-12-29
DE102010024612A1 (en) 2011-12-22
CN102947909B (en) 2016-01-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2534663B1 (en) Stepping switch having a freewheel element
EP2486577B1 (en) Tap changer
EP2569781B1 (en) On-load tap changer
EP2583289B1 (en) On-load tap changer
DE102010019949A1 (en) OLTC
WO1995024724A1 (en) Switching arrangement for load change-over switches of step switches and for selector switches
EP3050066B1 (en) Switching assembly comprising a selection switch
EP3050067B1 (en) Tap changer
EP2586049B1 (en) Tap changer
WO2011157318A1 (en) Tap changer
DE19518272C1 (en) Tap-switch for transformers
WO2015176918A1 (en) Switching arrangement for a tap-changing transformer and method for operating a switching arrangement of this kind
WO2011098111A1 (en) Stepping switch
DE102010024327B4 (en) step switch

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20130122

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1178677

Country of ref document: HK

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20151020

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20160512

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 816385

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20160815

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502011010259

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20160727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20161127

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20161027

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20161028

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20161128

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502011010259

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20170502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: GR

Ref document number: 1178677

Country of ref document: HK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20170428

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20171229

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170502

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170428

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170430

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170428

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20170430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170428

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 816385

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170428

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170428

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20110428

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20190418

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20190425

Year of fee payment: 9

Ref country code: BG

Payment date: 20190419

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160727

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502011010259

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201103

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201130

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200429