EP2569781B1 - On-load tap changer - Google Patents

On-load tap changer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2569781B1
EP2569781B1 EP11706755.3A EP11706755A EP2569781B1 EP 2569781 B1 EP2569781 B1 EP 2569781B1 EP 11706755 A EP11706755 A EP 11706755A EP 2569781 B1 EP2569781 B1 EP 2569781B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
tap
winding
branch
vacuum switching
Prior art date
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EP11706755.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2569781A2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Albrecht
Christian Hammer
Christian Kotz
Sebastian Rehkopf
Andreas Sachsenhauser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2569781A2 publication Critical patent/EP2569781A2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/14—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an on-load tap-changer for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • an on-load tap changer which has a total of four vacuum interrupters per phase.
  • a vacuum interrupter as the main contact and a further vacuum interrupter, in series with a cross-over resistance, are provided as a resistance contact.
  • the main contact of the disconnecting side is first opened, then closes the resistor contact the receiving side, so that between the two winding taps n and n + 1 through the switching resistors limited compensating current flows.
  • Such unwanted surge voltages are, on the one hand, lightning impulse voltages resulting from the impact of lightning in the network.
  • the impulse withstand voltage of the on-load tap-changer is insufficient, it may short-term step short circuit or undesirable breakdown of the ceramic or the vapor shield of vacuum interrupters come in not leading the load current load branch, which can not only cause their long-term damage, but is generally undesirable.
  • DE 31 46 970 A1 discloses a power switching device including four vacuum switches and two current limiting resistors. Two vacuum switches each and a current limiting resistor form a load branch, with the vacuum switches in series and a current limiting resistor connected in parallel with one of the vacuum switches. When you press this load switching device is switched from one load branch to the other load branch. Each load branch is electrically connected to a tap changer. During operation, a current flows through one of the tap changer and a load branch to the neutral point. When switching the load-free tap changer is first actuated, ie the tap changer moves to the adjacent tap to be connected. In the next step, the current is switched from one load branch to the other load branch. This is done by means of the vacuum switch according to a fixed flow chart. The current limiting resistors compensate for the circulating current that occurs during the switching.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an on-load tap-changer of the type mentioned above with high surge voltage resistance and at the same time high switching capacity.
  • the invention is based on the general idea, by additional mechanical switching elements, which are each arranged between the vacuum interrupters and the respective winding tap, with which they are electrically connected, a galvanic isolation, ie potential separation, the vacuum interrupters in each case not the load current leading branch to achieve from the respective winding tapping.
  • any occurring surge voltages are harmless for vacuum interrupters in each case not the load current leading load branch.
  • FIG. 1 the diverter switch of an on-load tap-changer according to the invention is shown in detail.
  • the selector of the on-load tap-changer which performs the powerless selection of the new winding tapping, here n + 1, to which it is to switch before the actual load changeover is not shown.
  • the diverter switch has, as known from the prior art, two load branches A and B, which are in each case electrically connected to a winding tap n or n + 1.
  • the on-load tap changer according to the invention has a main current branch and an auxiliary current branch in each load branch.
  • the first main current branch establishes an electrical connection from the winding tapping n and a vacuum interrupter MSVa to the load derivation LA.
  • the second main current branch establishes an electrical connection from the winding tapping n + 1 via a vacuum interrupter MSVb to the load lead LA.
  • the first auxiliary current branch which is provided parallel to the first main current branch, establishes an electrical connection from the winding tap n via a further vacuum interrupter TTVa and a series-connected at least one first overvoltage resistance Ra for the purpose of dissipating the load.
  • the second auxiliary flow branch which is provided parallel to the second main flow branch, provides an electrical connection from the winding tapping n + 1 via another vacuum interrupter TTVb and a series-arranged at least one second transient resistance Rb for load dissipation.
  • the respective mechanical contacts MDCa, TDCa, MDCb and TDCb are designed as double-pole changeover contacts (reversing contacts). However, they can also be realized as separate, easily interrupting contacts.
  • mechanical permanent main contacts MCa and MCb provided in each load branch, one of which takes over in steady-state operation, the continuous current flow and relieves the vacuum interrupter in the main flow branch of this load branch.
  • the winding tap n is connected; the load current is conducted from this winding tap to the load discharge LA.
  • the vacuum interrupter MSVb is completely separated from the non-connected winding tapping n + 1 by the mechanical contact MDCb arranged according to the invention in its position.
  • the vacuum interrupter TTVb is completely separated from the non-connected winding tapping n + 1.
  • the on-load tap-changer according to the invention thus makes it possible to completely isolate the vacuum interrupters in each branch not leading the load current from the respective winding tap and thus to protect it against surge voltage stresses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Laststufenschalter zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Patentanspruches.The invention relates to an on-load tap-changer for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer according to the preamble of the first claim.

Aus der DE 20 21 575 A ist ein Laststufenschalter bekannt, der insgesamt vier Vakuumschaltröhren pro Phase aufweist. In jedem der beiden Lastzweige, die jeweils mit einer Wicklungsanzapfung in Verbindung stehen, sind jeweils eine Vakuumschaltröhre als Hauptkontakt und jeweils eine weitere Vakuumschaltröhre, in Reihenschaltung mit einem Überschaltwiderstand, als Widerstandskontakt vorgesehen.From the DE 20 21 575 A For example, an on-load tap changer is known which has a total of four vacuum interrupters per phase. In each of the two load branches, which are each associated with a winding tap, in each case a vacuum interrupter as the main contact and a further vacuum interrupter, in series with a cross-over resistance, are provided as a resistance contact.

Bei einer unterbrechungslosen Lastumschaltung von der bisherigen Wicklungsanzapfung n auf die neue, vorgewählte Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 wird zunächst der Hauptkontakt der abschaltenden Seite geöffnet, darauf schließt der Widerstandskontakt der übernehmenden Seite, so dass zwischen den beiden Wicklungsanzapfungen n und n+1 ein durch die Überschaltwiderstände begrenzter Ausgleichsstrom fließt.In an uninterrupted load changeover from the previous winding tap n to the new, preselected winding tap n + 1, the main contact of the disconnecting side is first opened, then closes the resistor contact the receiving side, so that between the two winding taps n and n + 1 through the switching resistors limited compensating current flows.

Nach dem der bisher geschlossene Widerstandskontakt der abschaltende Seite geöffnet hat, schließt dann der Hauptkontakt der übernehmenden Seite, so dass der gesamte Laststrom von der neuen Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 zur Lastableitung führt; die Umschaltung ist damit beendet.After the previously closed resistance contact has opened the disconnecting side, then closes the main contact of the receiving side, so that the entire load current from the new winding tap n + 1 leads to the load dissipation; the switch is over.

Bei verschiedenen Anwendungsfällen solcher bekannter Laststufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren zur Regelung von Leistungstransformatoren ist jedoch eine hohe Stoßspannungsfestigkeit, bis zu 100 kV und deutlich darüber hinaus, erforderlich.In various applications of such known on-load tap-changer with vacuum interrupters for the control of power transformers, however, a high surge voltage resistance, up to 100 kV and significantly beyond, is required.

Solche unerwünschten Stoßspannungen, deren Höhe wesentlich durch den Aufbau des Stufentransformators und der Wicklungsteile zwischen den einzelnen Anzapfstufen bedingt ist, sind zum einen Blitzstoßspannungen, die sich durch das Einschlagen von Blitzen im Netz ergeben.Such unwanted surge voltages, the amount of which is essentially due to the structure of the tapped transformer and the winding parts between the tapping stages are, on the one hand, lightning impulse voltages resulting from the impact of lightning in the network.

Zum anderen können auch Schaltstoßspannungen auftreten, die durch nicht vorhersehbare Schaltstöße im zu regelnden Netz verursacht sind.On the other hand, switching impulse voltages can occur, which are caused by unpredictable switching shocks in the network to be controlled.

Bei nicht ausreichender Stoßspannungsfestigkeit des Laststufenschalters kann es zu kurzzeitigem Stufenkurzschluss bzw. unerwünschtem Durchschlag an der Keramik bzw. dem Dampfschirm von Vakuumschaltröhren im nicht den Laststrom führenden Lastzweig kommen, was nicht nur deren Langzeitschädigung verursachen kann, sondern generell unerwünscht ist.If the impulse withstand voltage of the on-load tap-changer is insufficient, it may short-term step short circuit or undesirable breakdown of the ceramic or the vapor shield of vacuum interrupters come in not leading the load current load branch, which can not only cause their long-term damage, but is generally undesirable.

Aus der DE 23 57 209 A und der DE 26 04 344 ist es bereits bekannt, zur Bekämpfung zu hoher Stoßspannungsbeanspruchungen zwischen den Lastzweigen Schutzfunkenstrecken oder spannungsabhängige Widerstände oder beides vorzusehen; diese Mittel sind jedoch in verschiedenen Fällen unzureichend und können schädliche Stoßspannungsbeanspruchungen in ihrer Wirkung nicht oder nicht vollständig ausschließen.From the DE 23 57 209 A and the DE 26 04 344 it is already known to provide protective spark gaps or voltage-dependent resistors or both to combat high surge voltages between the load branches; However, these agents are inadequate in various cases and can not or completely exclude harmful impulse stresses in their effect.

DE 31 46 970 A1 offenbart eine Lastschaltvorrichtung, die vier Vakuumschalter sowie zwei Strombegrenzungswiderstände enthält. Jeweils zwei Vakuumschalter und ein Strombegrenzungswiderstand bilden einen Lastzweig, wobei die Vakuumschalter in Reihe und ein Strombegrenzungswiderstand parallel zu einer der Vakuumschalter geschaltet ist. Beim Betätigen dies Lastschaltvorrichtung wird von einem Lastzweig auf den anderen Lastzweig umgeschaltet. Jeder Lastzweig ist mit einem Stufenschalter elektrisch leitend verbunden. Während des Betriebes fließt ein Strom über einen der Stufenschalter und einen Lastzweig zum neutralen Punkt. Bei einer Umschaltung wird zunächst der lastfreie Stufenschalter betätigt, d.h. der Stufenschalter fährt die benachbarte zu beschaltende Anzapfung an. Im nächsten Schritt erfolgt die Umschaltung des Stromes von einem Lastzweig auf den anderen Lastzweig. Dies geschieht mittels der Vakuumschalter nach einem festen Ablaufdiagramm. Die Strombegrenzungswiderstände kompensieren dabei den Kreisstrom, der während der Umschaltung auftritt. DE 31 46 970 A1 discloses a power switching device including four vacuum switches and two current limiting resistors. Two vacuum switches each and a current limiting resistor form a load branch, with the vacuum switches in series and a current limiting resistor connected in parallel with one of the vacuum switches. When you press this load switching device is switched from one load branch to the other load branch. Each load branch is electrically connected to a tap changer. During operation, a current flows through one of the tap changer and a load branch to the neutral point. When switching the load-free tap changer is first actuated, ie the tap changer moves to the adjacent tap to be connected. In the next step, the current is switched from one load branch to the other load branch. This is done by means of the vacuum switch according to a fixed flow chart. The current limiting resistors compensate for the circulating current that occurs during the switching.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Laststufenschalter der eingangs genannten Art mit hoher Stoßspannungsfestigkeit und zugleich hoher Schaltleistung anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide an on-load tap-changer of the type mentioned above with high surge voltage resistance and at the same time high switching capacity.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Laststufenschalter mit den Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruchs gelöst. Die Unteransprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by an on-load tap changer having the features of the first claim. The subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.

Der Erfindung liegt die allgemeine Idee zugrunde, durch zusätzliche mechanische Schaltelemente, die jeweils zwischen den Vakuumschaltröhren und der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung, mit der sie elektrisch in Verbindung stehen, angeordnet sind, eine galvanische Trennung, d. h. Potentialtrennung, der Vakuumschaltröhren in jeweils nicht den Laststrom führenden Zweig von der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung zu erreichen.The invention is based on the general idea, by additional mechanical switching elements, which are each arranged between the vacuum interrupters and the respective winding tap, with which they are electrically connected, a galvanic isolation, ie potential separation, the vacuum interrupters in each case not the load current leading branch to achieve from the respective winding tapping.

Dadurch werden eventuelle auftretende Stoßspannungen unschädlich für Vakuumschaltröhren im jeweils nicht den Laststrom führenden Lastzweig. Dies gilt gleichermaßen für die Vakuumschaltröhren, die als Hauptkontakt arbeiten, als auch diejenigen, die als Widerstandskontakt arbeiten.As a result, any occurring surge voltages are harmless for vacuum interrupters in each case not the load current leading load branch. This applies equally to the vacuum interrupters that work as a main contact, as well as those that work as a resistor contact.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an Hand von Zeichnungen beispielhaft noch näher erläutert werden. Die Figuren zeigen:

FIG. 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalter in schematischer Darstellung. Gezeigt ist hier die Grundstellung, in der die Wicklungsanzapfung n beschaltet ist.
FIG. 2 bis 13
zeigen die einzelnen Schritte der Umschaltsequenz bei einer Lastumschaltung auf die Wicklungsanzapfung n+1. Figur 13 zeigt dabei den stationären Zustand nach vollzogener Lastumschaltung.
The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to drawings. The figures show:
FIG. 1
an on-load tap changer according to the invention in a schematic representation. Shown here is the basic position in which the winding tap n is connected.
FIG. 2 to 13
show the individual steps of the switching sequence at a load switching to the winding tapping n + 1. FIG. 13 shows the steady state after completed load switching.

In Figur 1 ist der Lastumschalter eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters im Detail dargestellt. Der Wähler des Laststufenschalters, der vor der eigentlichen Lastumschaltung die leistungslose Anwahl der neuen Wicklungsanzapfung, hier n+1, auf die umgeschaltet werden soll, vornimmt, ist nicht dargestellt.In FIG. 1 the diverter switch of an on-load tap-changer according to the invention is shown in detail. The selector of the on-load tap-changer, which performs the powerless selection of the new winding tapping, here n + 1, to which it is to switch before the actual load changeover is not shown.

Der Lastumschalter hat, wie auch aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, zwei Lastzweige A und B, die jeweils mit einer Wicklungsanzapfung n bzw. n+1 elektrisch in Verbindung stehen.The diverter switch has, as known from the prior art, two load branches A and B, which are in each case electrically connected to a winding tap n or n + 1.

Der erfindungsgemäße Laststufenschalter besitzt in jedem Lastzweig einen Hauptstromzweig und einen Hilfsstromzweig.The on-load tap changer according to the invention has a main current branch and an auxiliary current branch in each load branch.

Der erste Hauptstromzweig stellt eine elektrische Verbindung von der Wicklungsanzapfung n über und eine Vakuumschaltröhre MSVa zur Lastableitung LA her.The first main current branch establishes an electrical connection from the winding tapping n and a vacuum interrupter MSVa to the load derivation LA.

Der zweite Hauptstromzweig stellt eine elektrische Verbindung von der Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 über eine Vakuumschaltröhre MSVb zur Lastableitung LA her.The second main current branch establishes an electrical connection from the winding tapping n + 1 via a vacuum interrupter MSVb to the load lead LA.

Der erste Hilfsstromzweig, der parallel zum ersten Hauptstromzweig vorgesehen ist, stellt eine elektrische Verbindung von der Wicklungsanzapfung n über eine weitere Vakuumschaltröhre TTVa und einen in Reihe dazu angeordneten mindestens einen ersten Überschaltwiderstand Ra zur Lastableitung her.The first auxiliary current branch, which is provided parallel to the first main current branch, establishes an electrical connection from the winding tap n via a further vacuum interrupter TTVa and a series-connected at least one first overvoltage resistance Ra for the purpose of dissipating the load.

Der zweite Hilfsstromzweig, der parallel zum zweiten Hauptstromzweig vorgesehen ist, stellt eine elektrische Verbindung von der Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 über eine weitere Vakuumschaltröhre TTVb und einen in Reihe dazu angeordneten mindestens einen zweiten Überschaltwiderstand Rb zur Lastableitung her.The second auxiliary flow branch, which is provided parallel to the second main flow branch, provides an electrical connection from the winding tapping n + 1 via another vacuum interrupter TTVb and a series-arranged at least one second transient resistance Rb for load dissipation.

Erfindungsgemäß ist in jedem der Hauptstromzweige und in jedem der Hilfsstromzweige zwischen der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung n bzw. n+1 und der damit elektrisch in Verbindung stehenden jeweiligen Vakuumschaltröhre MSVa, TTVa, bzw. auf der anderen Seite MSVb, TTVb ein weiterer, separat betätigbarer mechanischer Kontakt vorgesehen. Insgesamt sind also vier solcher mechanischer Kontakte vorhanden:

  • Ein mechanischer Kontakt MDCa zum Schutz der Vakuumschaltröhre MSVa,
  • ein weiterer mechanischer Kontakt TDCa zum Schutz der Vakuumschaltröhre TTVa
  • ein weiterer mechanischer Kontakt MDCb zum Schutz der Vakuumschaltröhre MSVb
  • schließlich ein weiterer mechanischer Kontakt TDCb zum Schutz der Vakuumschaltröhre TTVb.
According to the invention, in each of the main flow branches and in each of the auxiliary flow branches between the respective winding tap n or n + 1 and the electrically related respective vacuum interrupter MSVa, TTVa, and on the other side MSVb, TTVb another, separately actuable mechanical contact intended. In total there are four such mechanical contacts:
  • A mechanical contact MDCa for protecting the vacuum interrupter MSVa,
  • another mechanical contact TDCa to protect the vacuum interrupter TTVa
  • another mechanical contact MDCb to protect the vacuum interrupter MSVb
  • Finally, another mechanical contact TDCb to protect the vacuum interrupter TTVb.

In der Figur 1 sind die jeweiligen mechanischen Kontakte MDCa, TDCa, MDCb und TDCb als doppelpolige Umschaltkontakte (Wenderkontakte) ausgeführt. Sie sind jedoch ebenso als separate, einfach unterbrechende Kontakte realisierbar.In the FIG. 1 the respective mechanical contacts MDCa, TDCa, MDCb and TDCb are designed as double-pole changeover contacts (reversing contacts). However, they can also be realized as separate, easily interrupting contacts.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind, wie in Figur 1 ebenfalls dargestellt, in jedem Lastzweig noch mechanische Dauerhauptkontakte MCa und MCb vorgesehen, von denen einer jeweils im stationären Betrieb die Dauerstromführung übernimmt und die Vakuumschaltröhre im Hauptstromzweig dieses Lastzweiges entlastet.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, as in FIG. 1 also shown, mechanical permanent main contacts MCa and MCb provided in each load branch, one of which takes over in steady-state operation, the continuous current flow and relieves the vacuum interrupter in the main flow branch of this load branch.

In der Figur 1 ist die Wicklungsanzapfung n beschaltet; der Laststrom wird von dieser Wicklungsanzapfung zur Lastableitung LA geführt. Es ist zu sehen, dass durch den erfindungsgemäß angeordneten mechanischen Kontakt MDCb in dessen Stellung die Vakuumschaltröhre MSVb vollständig von der nicht beschalteten Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 getrennt ist. Ebenso ist durch die Stellung des erfindungsgemäßen mechanischen Kontaktes TDCb die Vakuumschaltröhre TTVb vollständig von der nicht beschalteten Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 getrennt.In the FIG. 1 the winding tap n is connected; the load current is conducted from this winding tap to the load discharge LA. It can be seen that the vacuum interrupter MSVb is completely separated from the non-connected winding tapping n + 1 by the mechanical contact MDCb arranged according to the invention in its position. Likewise, due to the position of the mechanical contact TDCb according to the invention, the vacuum interrupter TTVb is completely separated from the non-connected winding tapping n + 1.

Der erfindungsgemäße Laststufenschalter ermöglicht es also, die Vakuumschaltröhren in jeweils nicht den Laststrom führenden Zweig vollständig von der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung galvanisch zu trennen und damit vor Stoßspannungsbeanspruchungen zu schützen.The on-load tap-changer according to the invention thus makes it possible to completely isolate the vacuum interrupters in each branch not leading the load current from the respective winding tap and thus to protect it against surge voltage stresses.

Nachfolgend soll an Hand der weiteren Figuren eine vollständige Schaltsequenz des erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters bei der Umschaltung der in Figur 1 gezeigten Grundstellung auf die neue Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 in allen Einzelschritten dargestellt werden.

Figur 2:
Der Dauerhauptkontakt MCA ist geöffnet; der Laststrom wird von der Vakuumschaltröhre MSVa übernommen. Gleichzeitig öffnet die Vakuumschaltröhre TTVb.
Figur 3:
Die Vakuumschaltröhre MSVa öffnet; die Vakuumschaltröhre MSVb öffnet ebenfalls.
Figur 4:
Der Laststrom wird jetzt von der Vakuumschaltröhre TTVa und dem in Reihe geschalteten Überschaltwiderstand RA geführt. Gleichzeitig schließt der bisher geöffnete mechanische Kontakt TDCb.
Figur 5:
Die Vakuumschaltröhre TTVb schließt.
Figur 6:
Es fließt jetzt ein Kreisstrom Ic über die beiden Vakuumschaltröhren TTVa und TTVb und Überschaltwiderstände RA und RB in jedem der beiden Zweige. Gleichzeitig beginnt der mechanische Kontakt MDCa zu öffnen. Der mechanische Kontakt MDCb auf der anderen Seite beginnt zu schließen.
Figur 7:
Jetzt öffnet die Vakuumschaltröhre TTVa.
Figur 8:
Der Laststrom ist jetzt vollständig auf den anderen Zweig kommutiert und wird ausschließlich über die Reihenschaltung von TTVb und RB geführt.
Figur 9:
Der mechanische Kontakt MDCa ist vollständig geöffnet. Der mechanische Kontakt MDCb ist vollständig geschlossen. Gleichzeitig schließen die Vakuumschaltröhren MSVa und MSVb.
Figur 10:
Der Laststrom wird jetzt von der Vakuumschaltröhre MSVb geführt. Gleichzeitig öffnet der mechanische Kontakt TDCa.
Figur 11:
Die Vakuumschaltröhre TTVa schließt.
Figur 12:
Durch die geöffneten mechanischen Kontakte MDCa und TDCa sind jetzt die Vakuumschaltröhren auf der nicht den Laststrom führenden Seite MSVa bzw. TTVa vollständig galvanisch vom Potential der ehemals beschalteten Wicklungsanzapfung n getrennt.
Figur 13:
Schließlich übernimmt der Dauerhauptkontakt der neu beschalteten Seite MCB den Laststrom; die Lastumschaltung auf die neue Wicklungsanzapfung n+1 ist abgeschlossen.
Hereinafter, with reference to the other figures, a complete switching sequence of the invention On-load tap-changer when switching the in FIG. 1 shown basic position on the new winding tapping n + 1 in all steps are shown.
FIG. 2:
The permanent main contact MCA is open; the load current is taken over by the vacuum interrupter MSVa. At the same time, the vacuum interrupter TTVb opens.
FIG. 3:
The vacuum interrupter MSVa opens; the vacuum interrupter MSVb also opens.
FIG. 4:
The load current is now fed by the vacuum interrupter TTVa and the series connected resistor RA. At the same time closes the previously open mechanical contact TDCb.
FIG. 5:
The vacuum interrupter TTVb closes.
FIG. 6:
Now, a circulating current Ic flows through the two vacuum interrupters TTVa and TTVb and transient resistors RA and RB in each of the two branches. At the same time, the mechanical contact MDCa starts to open. The mechanical contact MDCb on the other side begins to close.
FIG. 7:
Now opens the vacuum interrupter TTVa.
FIG. 8:
The load current is now fully commutated to the other branch and is routed exclusively through the series connection of TTVb and RB.
FIG. 9:
The mechanical contact MDCa is fully open. The mechanical contact MDCb is completely closed. At the same time close the vacuum interrupters MSVa and MSVb.
FIG. 10:
The load current is now fed by the vacuum interrupter MSVb. At the same time the mechanical contact TDCa opens.
FIG. 11:
The vacuum interrupter TTVa closes.
FIG. 12:
Due to the open mechanical contacts MDCa and TDCa, the vacuum interrupters on the non-load-carrying side MSVa or TTVa are now completely galvanically isolated from the potential of the previously connected winding tapping n.
FIG. 13:
Finally, the permanent main contact of the newly connected side MCB takes over the load current; the load switching to the new winding tapping n + 1 is completed.

Es ist zu sehen, dass bei der erläuterten Schaltsequenz sichergestellt ist, dass jeweils die Vakuumschaltröhren der nicht den Laststrom führenden Seite durch die entsprechenden mechanischen Kontakte von der nicht beschalteten Wicklungsanzapfung vollständig galvanisch getrennt sind - die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist gelöst.It can be seen that it is ensured in the illustrated switching sequence that each of the vacuum interrupters of the non-load current leading side are completely galvanically separated by the corresponding mechanical contacts of the unconnected winding tapping - the object of the invention is achieved.

Claims (4)

  1. On-load tap changer for interrupted switching over between winding taps (n, n+1) of a tapped transformer, comprising
    - a selector for power-free preselection of the winding tap (n, n+1), which is to be switched over to and
    - a load changeover switch for the actual load changeover from the previous winding tap (n) to the preselected winding tap (n+1),
    Wherein
    - the load changeover switch has two main current branches and two auxiliary current branches,
    - the first main current branch electrically connects the first winding tap (n) to a load shunt (LA) by way of a vacuum switching tube (MVSa),
    - the second main load branch electrically connects the second winding tap (n+1) to the load shunt (LA) by way of a further vacuum switching tube (MSCb),
    - the first auxiliary current branch connects the first winding tap (n) to the load shunt (LA) by way of a series connection of a further vacuum switching tube (TTVa) and at least one switch-over resistance (Ra),
    - the second auxiliary current branch connects the second winding tap (n+1) to the load shunt (LA) by way of a series connection of a further vacuum switching tube (TTVb) and at least one further switch-over resistance (Rb),
    characterised in that
    - a further, separately actuable mechanical contact (MDCa, MDCb, TDCa, TDCb) is so provided in each of the two main current branches and each of the two auxiliary current branches between the respective winding tap (n, n+1) and the respective vacuum switching tube (MSVa, MSVb, TTVa, TTVb) in this branch that the vacuum switching tubes (MSVa or MSVb) in the main current branch and the vacuum switching tubes (TTVa or TTVb) in the auxiliary current branch of the unconnected winding tap (n or n+1) are electrically separable from this tap.
  2. On-load tap changer according to claim 1, characterised in that a permanent main contact (MCa, MCb) for conducting the permanent current in stationary operation is provided in parallel to each of the two main current branches.
  3. On-load tap changer according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the additional mechanical contacts (MDCa, MDCb, TDCa, TDCb) are constructed as double-pole changeover contacts.
  4. On-load tap changer according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the additional mechanical contacts (MDCa, TDCa or MDCb, TDCb) of each side are respectively constructionally combined.
EP11706755.3A 2010-05-08 2011-02-23 On-load tap changer Active EP2569781B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102010019948.6A DE102010019948B4 (en) 2010-05-08 2010-05-08 OLTC
PCT/EP2011/000859 WO2011141081A2 (en) 2010-05-08 2011-02-23 On-load tap changer

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EP2569781A2 EP2569781A2 (en) 2013-03-20
EP2569781B1 true EP2569781B1 (en) 2015-09-16

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US (1) US9373442B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2569781B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5823502B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101802262B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103026433B (en)
BR (1) BR112012027887B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2798959A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010019948B4 (en)
HK (1) HK1178674A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2012152955A (en)
UA (1) UA109130C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2011141081A2 (en)

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CN103038907A (en) 2010-09-30 2013-04-10 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Organic electroluminescence device and manufacturing method thereof
JP6081082B2 (en) * 2012-05-18 2017-02-15 株式会社東芝 Load tap changer
WO2015028253A1 (en) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer, tap-changing transformer for voltage regulation and method for implementing tap changing in the tap-changing transformer
DE102014106322B4 (en) 2014-05-06 2017-02-09 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Plant and method for providing reactive power
DE102014106997A1 (en) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-19 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Switching arrangement for a tapped transformer and method for operating such a switching arrangement
DE102014012266A1 (en) 2014-08-22 2016-01-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Switching arrangement with two on-load tap-changers, electrical system with such a switching arrangement and their use
JP6483450B2 (en) * 2015-01-27 2019-03-13 株式会社東芝 Load tap changer
DE102015102727A1 (en) * 2015-02-25 2016-08-25 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Method for changing the active number of turns of a control winding in an electrical system and electrical system with a control winding
JP6523099B2 (en) * 2015-08-18 2019-05-29 株式会社東芝 Load tap switching device and method of manufacturing load tap switching device
EP3285349B1 (en) * 2016-08-16 2019-03-13 ABB Schweiz AG Protecting a transformer comprising a tap changer
DE102018119163A1 (en) * 2018-08-07 2020-02-13 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh LOAD STEP SWITCH FOR UNINTERRUPTED SWITCHING BETWEEN WINDING TAPS OF A STEPPED TRANSFORMER AND STEPPED TRANSFORMER
DE102022117592A1 (en) * 2022-07-14 2024-01-25 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer and method for operating an on-load tap changer

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DE102010019948A1 (en) 2011-11-10
CN103026433A (en) 2013-04-03
KR101802262B1 (en) 2017-11-28
BR112012027887A2 (en) 2016-09-06
US9373442B2 (en) 2016-06-21
US20130057248A1 (en) 2013-03-07
WO2011141081A2 (en) 2011-11-17
BR112012027887B1 (en) 2020-03-10
EP2569781A2 (en) 2013-03-20
WO2011141081A3 (en) 2013-02-07
HK1178674A1 (en) 2013-09-13
JP5823502B2 (en) 2015-11-25
UA109130C2 (en) 2015-07-27
DE102010019948B4 (en) 2015-06-11
JP2013530520A (en) 2013-07-25
CA2798959A1 (en) 2011-11-17
BR112012027887A8 (en) 2020-01-28
KR20130063505A (en) 2013-06-14
RU2012152955A (en) 2014-06-20
CN103026433B (en) 2016-06-22

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