EP2571913A1 - Polyisocyanates hydrophiles - Google Patents

Polyisocyanates hydrophiles

Info

Publication number
EP2571913A1
EP2571913A1 EP11721499A EP11721499A EP2571913A1 EP 2571913 A1 EP2571913 A1 EP 2571913A1 EP 11721499 A EP11721499 A EP 11721499A EP 11721499 A EP11721499 A EP 11721499A EP 2571913 A1 EP2571913 A1 EP 2571913A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
groups
soluble
polyisocyanates
hydrophilic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11721499A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Evelyn Albrecht
Emmanouil Spyrou
Annegret Lilienthal
Andre Raukamp
Dirk Hoppe
Dirk Kuppert
Joachim Venzmer
Frank Schubert
Michael Ferenz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Degussa GmbH filed Critical Evonik Degussa GmbH
Publication of EP2571913A1 publication Critical patent/EP2571913A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0809—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing cationic or cationogenic groups
    • C08G18/0814—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing cationic or cationogenic groups containing ammonium groups or groups forming them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0828—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing sulfonate groups or groups forming them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
    • C08G18/283—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/285—Nitrogen containing compounds
    • C08G18/2865—Compounds having only one primary or secondary amino group; Ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/288—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/2895—Compounds containing active methylene groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/703—Isocyanates or isothiocyanates transformed in a latent form by physical means
    • C08G18/705—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium
    • C08G18/706—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium the liquid medium being water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/78—Nitrogen
    • C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08L75/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08L75/12—Polyurethanes from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/12—Polyurethanes from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group

Definitions

  • the invention relates to water-soluble or water-dispersible hydrophilic
  • Polyisocyanates and polyisocyanate mixtures a process for their preparation, and their use as starting material in the production of polyurethane plastics, in particular as crosslinkers for water-soluble or
  • polyisocyanate is synonymous in the following also for diisocyanates and for mixtures of different polyisocyanates.
  • water-dispersible polyisocyanates for various have gained in recent years
  • Two-component polyurethane coatings (2-component PUR coatings) or as additives for aqueous dispersion adhesives Use. They serve to crosslink aqueous dispersions in textile or leather equipment or formaldehyde-free
  • Textile printing inks and are also suitable, for example, as an aid for wet solidification of paper, such.
  • EP 0 959 087 For the preparation of water-dispersible hydrophilic polyisocyanates a variety of different methods are known, including ionic
  • EP 0 703 255 describes ionically hydrophilized water-emulsifiable
  • Polyisocyanates which have as reaction products from the reaction with 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acids or 3-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid as emulsifiers.
  • these hydrophilicizing agents also have a number of disadvantages.
  • hydroxypropanesulfonic acid is in equilibrium with its anhydride, the carcinogenic 1, 3-propane sultone. She lets herself therefore
  • EP 0 703 255 B2 makes no statement about the stability and the processing window ("pot life") of emulsions prepared from the hydrophilic polyisocyanates.
  • EP 1 287 052 discloses by reaction of polyisocyanates with
  • Polyisocyanates are discussed in detail in EP 959 087, EP 206 059, EP 540 985, for example.
  • polyisocyanates modified with nonionic polyethers have a number of principal disadvantages. Frequently, they can be homogeneously incorporated into aqueous media during dispersion only by applying considerable shear forces.
  • the high required in particular for use as a crosslinker in aqueous 2-component PU paints for sufficient dispersibility high Polyether content also gives the resulting coatings a permanent hydrophilicity.
  • polyisocyanates modified in this way have too little stability ("pot life") in aqueous emulsion, during which they retain their full NCO activity and reactivity, which also limits the period of time within which the hydrophilic polyisocyanates can be processed.
  • hydrophilic polyisocyanates which are both easily incorporated in water and have a long pot life.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide novel water-soluble or water-dispersible polyisocyanates which are suitable for all fields of application of water-soluble or water-dispersible polyisocyanates and which do not suffer from the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • These new polyisocyanates should be well-tolerated with conventional paint binders and, in particular, the aqueous emulsions should be water-dispersible
  • the present invention therefore provides water-soluble or water-dispersible hydrophilic polyisocyanates and polyisocyanate mixtures, a process for their preparation with the use of special emulsifiers, compositions containing the hydrophilic polyisocyanates according to the invention and their use as starting components in the preparation of
  • Polyurethane plastics in particular as crosslinkers for water-soluble or water-dispersible paint binders or paint binder components with isocyanate-reactive groups.
  • y is an optional spacer
  • Z is one or more hydrophobic structural units
  • the emulsifier B contains at least one functional group which is reactive toward isocyanate groups, wherein A) and B) are reacted with one another while maintaining an equivalent ratio of NCO groups to NCO-functional groups of 2: 1 to 400: 1.
  • hydrophilic polyisocyanates according to the invention are clear, practically colorless polyisocyanates which are readily prepared without the use of high shear forces Stir in water into sedimentation-stable dispersions.
  • the excellent dispersibility in compounds having high NCO contents and high reactivity is an advantage, in particular for the use of the polyisocyanates according to the invention in 2K aqueous PU paints.
  • Polyisocyanates have a long pot life and thus a long pot life
  • water-dispersible in the sense of the invention is meant that the hydrophilic water-dispersible polyisocyanates in contact with water within 24
  • This emulsifier B consists of at least 2 independent structural units, which have covalent bonds with each other: xMz B means X one or more hydrophilic structural units,
  • y is an optional spacer
  • Z is one or more hydrophobic structural units.
  • the emulsifier B X- [y] -Z is formed from the reaction of X ', y' and Z '.
  • X ', y' and Z 'contain functional groups which are complementary to one another such that a reaction of these functional groups leads to covalent bonds and thus to the emulsifier B of the formula X- [y] -Z.
  • the emulsifier B X- [y] -Z contains at least one or more opposite
  • Isocyanate reactive functional group In this case come OH, NH, NH 2 , SH and CH-acidic groups, OH groups are preferred.
  • the emulsifier preferably contains an isocyanate-reactive functional group, more preferably an OH group. Most preferably, this NCO-reactive group is approximately or exactly between X and Z. This NCO-reactive group may already have been present in X ', Y' or Z '. Preferably, however, this NCO-reactive group is formed from the reaction of X ', optionally y' and Z '.
  • the hydrophilic structural component X is derived from the substance class X '. X 'has at least one functional group which can and is reactive with y' or Z ', possibly after ionization of any ionogener present
  • Carboxylic acid groups sulfonic acid groups and / or tertiary amine units.
  • Carboxylic acids come Hydroxyalkylcarbonklaren z.
  • dimethylolpropionic acid hydroxyacetic acid, hydroxypropionic acid or hydroxybutyric acid in question.
  • sulfonic acid come z.
  • Alkaline earth hydroxides or low molecular weight tertiary amines e.g. Trimethylamine, or triethylamine in question.
  • Tertiary amines under b) are preferred with low molecular weight organic acids, such as. For example, formic acid or acetic acid neutralized.
  • Both a) and b) have at least one or more OH, NH or NH 2 groups or other groups reactive toward y 'or Z'. Preference is given to OH groups, more preferably an OH group.
  • X 'component a) are preferably alkanolgestartete
  • Polyalkylenoxidmonoalkohole used are also commercially available for. Polyglycol M 250, M 350, M350 PU, M 500, M 500 PU, M 750, M 1 100 from Clariant.
  • ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide are initially added thereto. When using both alkylene oxides, the addition can be done both statistically, in blocks, and as a gradient.
  • This preferred component X 'for the preparation of the emulsifier B) is an alkanol-started polyethylene oxide monoalcohol.
  • the optional component y ' is at least one
  • difunctional spacer capable of reacting with both X 'and Z'.
  • This may be, for example, a di- or polyisocyanate, di- or
  • Polycarboxylic acid derivative di- or polyepoxide, or to act a mono- or polyalkoxysilane.
  • Mixed functionalities are conceivable, for. Example, an epoxyisocyanate, an epoxyalkoxysilane, an isocyanatosilane.
  • the hydrophobic structural component Z is derived from the substance class Z '.
  • Z ' has at least one functional group which can react with y' or X 'and is, by itself, insoluble in water, is therefore hydrophobic.
  • one or more hydroxy hydrocarbons having 1-18 carbon atoms which may also be branched and / or cyclen and / or heteroatoms may contain, in question come z. Hexanol, octanol, decanol, and / or dodecanol and other homologs,
  • an alkylene oxide which may also be branched and / or cyclic, having at least 4 carbon atoms.
  • alkylene oxide which may also be branched and / or cyclic, having at least 4 carbon atoms.
  • Z 'are epoxides (alkylene oxides c) having 8-14 carbon atoms.
  • Both a), b) and c) have at least one or more OH, NH or NH 2 groups or other groups which are reactive toward X 'or Y'.
  • the variant c) is preferred.
  • Z ' is that it is by itself not water-soluble or water-dispersible.
  • Z ' has a hydrocarbon having at least 8 carbon atoms and at least one epoxide group.
  • the emulsifier B X- [y] -Z contains exactly one isocyanate-reactive group.
  • X contains an alkanol-started polyethylene glycol unit
  • Z contains a longer hydrocarbon radical and an alcohol group.
  • the emulsifier of the formula (I) corresponds to X-G-D-H (I)
  • X is an alkanol-started polyalkylene glycol monoalcohol X 'as defined above containing ethylene oxide units,
  • G represents a structural element of the formula (II)
  • R 5 is a saturated, unsaturated, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical having at least 2 carbon atoms, preferably 6-12 carbon atoms, wherein R 5 in the radical B may be the same or different, and w is greater than or equal to one;
  • w is 1 -20, preferably 1 -5, particularly preferably 1 -2.
  • alkanol-started polyalkylene oxide monoalcohol X ' from a starting alcohol having 1-6 carbon atoms, ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide are initially added thereto.
  • ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide are initially added thereto.
  • Attachment occurs both statistically, in blocks, and as a gradient.
  • the components are each deposited in separate stages.
  • both alkylene oxides are metered in at the same time or at a variable relative metering rate.
  • Emulsifier B is an alkanol-initiated polyethylene oxide monoalcohol.
  • Such an alkanol-started polyalkylene glycol monoalcohol (corresponding to X ', also commercially available, for example, polyglycol M 250, M 350, M 350 PU, M 500, M 500 PU, M 750, M 1 100 from Clariant) is initially introduced and is subject to suitable conditions known to the person skilled in the art one or more epoxides with a longer alkyl chain having at least 3 carbon units, preferably at least 4 carbon units reacted. After ring opening, the resulting secondary alcohol can optionally still with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide under the same conditions be implemented.
  • Embodiment 1 2) X contains polyether radicals and a sulfonic acid group, Z contains one
  • Hydrocarbon radical having 3 to 18, preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms and an alcohol group, wherein the emulsifiers B as a sulfonated block
  • Polyether monoalcohols for the emulsifiers B are generally compounds of the formula HO-R 7 , where R 7 is a monovalent, at least monounsaturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 3 to 18, preferably 3 to 6
  • Carbon atoms a preferably monounsaturated cycloaliphatic or mixed cyloaliphatic / aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4-10
  • Araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having a total of 8- 16 carbon atoms, which has an olefinically unsaturated substituent whose double bond is not in conjugation to the aromatic ring. It can also be such
  • Suitable compounds of the formula HO-R 7 are allyl alcohol, 1-hydroxy-A2,3-hexene, 1-hydroxy-A3,4-hexene, 1-hydroxy-A9,10-octadecene, cyclohexene-3-ol, single olefinic unsaturated, an alcoholic hydroxyl group having bicyclic addition products of cyclopentadiene, such as.
  • Step a) attached ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide.
  • Alkylene oxides the addition can be done both statistically, in blocks, and as a gradient.
  • a mixture of the desired proportions of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide is reacted with the starting alcohol.
  • the components are each deposited in separate stages.
  • the gradient accumulation both
  • Alkylene oxides added simultaneously or with variable relative dosing.
  • step b) the polyethers obtained under a) are reacted with epoxides of the formula IV.
  • R 1 a saturated, unsaturated, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical having at least 2
  • Carbon atoms are particularly preferred are saturated radicals having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and most preferably, saturated radicals having 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the structure can be carried out randomly, in blocks or as a gradient as described under step a).
  • the polyethers obtained under b) are reacted with ethylene oxide in order to convert the resulting secondary alcohol into a primary alcohol. This facilitates the subsequent reaction with isocyanates.
  • the addition of the alkylene oxides in steps a) to c) takes place in a manner known per se at temperatures of from 40 to 200.degree. C., preferably from 60 to 130.degree.
  • Catalysts Suitable catalysts for the addition reaction are the basic or acidic catalysts known to those skilled in the art, such as. B.
  • Alkali metal hydroxides alkali metal alcoholates, boron trifluoride but also
  • Double metal cyanides In addition to the base-catalyzed reaction, acidic catalysis for alkoxylation is also known.
  • the base-catalyzed alkoxylation is z. B. in EP 0043966 described in detail.
  • step d) the monounsaturated polyether monoalcohols obtained under steps a) and b) and optionally c) are reacted with compounds of the formula HSO 3 M.
  • M is a metal ion or ammonium ion, preferably an alkali metal ion. Very particularly preferred is the use of sodium hydrogen sulfite or
  • Addition of the bisulfite may include water-miscible solvents, e.g.
  • Alcohols are used. Particularly preferred is the use of
  • Ethanol / water mixtures The ratio of ethanol to water depends on the solubility of the polyether obtained after step a) and b) and optionally c). Particularly preferred in the reaction in step d) is the use of solutions having a content of polyether from step a) and b) and optionally c) of at least 10 wt .-%, preferably at least 20 wt .-%, more preferably at least 50% by weight.
  • the emulsifiers B with the structure XZ or X- [y] -Z are used for the preparation of the hydrophilic modified polyisocyanates according to the invention, wherein the reaction with polyisocyanates A) can also be carried out in the presence of polyalkylene oxide polyether alcohols having ethylene oxide units and / or the polyisocyanates A used. may already contain such units. In particular, the reaction is preferably carried out such that
  • A) a di- or polyisocyanate component having an average functionality of 2.0 to 5.0, containing from 8 to 27% by weight of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatically bonded isocyanate groups (calculated as NCO: molecular weight 42). %
  • the component A) to be used according to the invention generally has an average
  • NCO functionality of 2.0 to 5.0, preferably from 2.3 to 4.5, usually a content of isocyanate groups of 8 to 27 wt .-%, preferably 14.0 to 24.0% by weight and preferably a content of monomeric diisocyanates of less than 1% by weight, more preferably less than 0.5% by weight. It consists of at least one organic di- or polyisocyanate with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatically bound isocyanate groups.
  • Suitable diisocyanates for the preparation of component A) are any by phosgenation or by phosgene-free processes, for example by thermal Urethane cleavage, accessible diisocyanates.
  • Preferred diisocyanates are those of the molecular weight range 140 to 400 g / mol with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatically bound isocyanate groups, such as. B.
  • the polyisocyanates of component A) are preferably polyisocyanates prepared from at least two diisocyanates and containing uretdione, isocyanurate, allophanate, biuret, urea by modification of simple aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatic diisocyanates. , Urethane, iminooxadiazinedione and / or oxadiazinetrione structure, as they are
  • component A) is polyisocyanates of the type mentioned with exclusively aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic bound
  • Very particularly preferred compounds as components A) are isocyanurates based on HDI, IPDI and / or H12MDI.
  • hydrophobic polyisocyanates are suitable as starting compounds A) but also with the help of Ethylenoxidpolyethern hydrophilically modified Polyisocyanates A), as for example according to the in EP 0958987
  • the invention also provides a process for the preparation of hydrophilic water-soluble or water-dispersible polyisocyanates having a mean
  • y is an optional spacer
  • Z is one or more hydrophobic structural units
  • the emulsifier B contains at least one functional group which is reactive toward isocyanate groups, wherein A) and B) are reacted with one another while maintaining an equivalent ratio of NCO groups to NCO-functional groups of 2: 1 to 400: 1.
  • Catalyst at temperatures of 40 to 150 ° C, preferably 50 to 130 ° C, while maintaining an equivalent ratio of NCO groups to NCO group-reactive groups of 2: 1 to 400: 1, preferably from 4: 1 to 250: 1, preferably reacted until reaching the theoretically calculated NCO content with each other.
  • customary catalysts known from polyurethane chemistry, for example tert.
  • Amines such as triethylamine, pyridine, methylpyridine, benzyldimethylamine, N, N-endoethylenepiperazine, N-methylpiperidine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N, N-dimethylaminocyclohexane, N, N'-dimethylpiperazine or metal salts, such as iron (II) chloride, Aluminum tri (ethylacetoacetate), zinc chloride, zinc (II) n-octanoate, zinc (II) -2-ethyl-1-hexanoate, zinc (II) -2-ethylcaproate, zinc (II) stearate, zinc (II) - naphthenate, zinc (II) acetylacetonate, tin (II) n-octanoate, tin (II) 2-ethyl-1-hexanoate, tin (II) ethylcapro
  • These catalysts are used in the process according to the invention, if any, in an amount of 0.001 to 2 wt .-%, preferably 0.005 to 0.5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the reactants used.
  • Suitable solvents are, for example, the known conventional lacquer solvents, such as. Ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether acetate, 1 -
  • Solvesso ®, Isopar ®, Nappar ® (German EXXON CHEMICAL GmbH) and Shellsol ® (Deutsche Shell Chemie GmbH) are commercially available, carbonic acid esters, such as
  • hydrophilic modified polyisocyanates according to the invention are clear, practically colorless polyisocyanates which are readily available without
  • Polyisocyanates have a long pot life and thus a long pot life
  • hydrophilic modified according to the invention is hydrophilic modified according to the invention.
  • polyisocyanates before emulsification still further non-hydrophilicized polyisocyanates, in particular paint polyisocyanates of the type mentioned above, are added, and thus also constitute polyisocyanates according to the invention, since these are in the
  • Polyisocyanates and (ii) consist of unmodified polyisocyanates of the type exemplified.
  • the hydrophilic modified polyisocyanates according to the invention take over the function of an emulsifier for the subsequently admixed fraction of non-hydrophilic polyisocyanates.
  • the invention also provides the use of these polyisocyanates for the production of polyurethane plastics, in particular as a crosslinker for
  • crosslinker for water-soluble or water-dispersible paint binders or paint binder components, in particular also for 2K PU systems
  • Binder components in particular for 2K PU systems
  • the invention also relates to the use of these polyisocyanates in blocked form as reaction components in water-dispersible or in water
  • the polyisocyanates according to the invention are valuable starting materials for the production of polyurethane plastics by the isocyanate polyaddition process.
  • hydrophilic modified polyisocyanates according to the invention are preferably used in the form of aqueous dispersion or emulsions, which can be reacted in combination with water-dispersed polyhydroxyl compounds in the sense of aqueous two-component systems (2K-PUR).
  • polyisocyanates according to the invention are particularly preferred as crosslinking agents for paint binders or paint binder components dissolved or dispersed in water with groups which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, in particular alcoholic hydroxyl groups, in the preparation of
  • Binder components can in this case by simply stirring in front of the
  • the reaction partners for the polyisocyanate mixtures according to the invention are all binders which are dissolved or dispersed in water and have isocyanate-reactive groups. These include, for example, water-dispersed polyurethanes or polyureas which are crosslinkable with polyisocyanates due to the active hydrogen atoms present in the urethane or urea groups.
  • the polyisocyanates according to the invention are generally used in amounts corresponding to an equivalent ratio of NCO groups to NCO-reactive groups, in particular alcoholic hydroxyl groups, of from 0.5: 1 to 2: 1 ,
  • polyisocyanates according to the invention may also be used in blocked form with blocking agents which are known per se from polyurethane chemistry, in combination with the abovementioned aqueous lacquer binders or
  • Baking systems (1 K-PUR) are used.
  • suitable blocking agents are diethyl malonate, acetoacetic ester, acetone oxime, butanone oxime, caprolactam, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 1,2,4-triazole, dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole, imidazole or any desired mixtures of these blocking agents.
  • Suitable substrates for the formulated using the polyisocyanates according to the invention aqueous coatings are any substrates, such. As metal, wood, glass, stone, ceramic materials, concrete, hard and flexible plastics, textiles, leather and paper, which may optionally be provided with conventional primers prior to coating. In general, they possess the polyisocyanates according to the invention
  • Color pigments, fillers, matting agents or emulsifiers can be added, even at room temperature drying good paint properties. Of course, they can also be dried under forced conditions at elevated temperature or by baking at temperatures up to 260 ° C. Because of their excellent dispersibility or emulsifiability in water, which allows a homogeneous, finely divided distribution in aqueous lacquer binders, the use of the polyisocyanates according to the invention as crosslinking component for aqueous polyurethane coatings leads to coatings having excellent optical properties, in particular high surface gloss, flow and high transparency. In addition to the use as crosslinking components for aqueous 2K-PUR coatings, the polyisocyanates according to the invention are outstandingly suitable as crosslinkers for aqueous dispersion adhesives, leather and textile coatings or
  • Textile printing pastes as AOX-free paper auxiliaries or as additives for mineral building materials, such as concrete or mortar compounds.
  • polyisocyanates of the invention are also known as
  • hydrophilic polyisocyanates according to the invention, processes for their preparation and their use are described below by way of example, without the invention being restricted to these exemplary embodiments. Given below are ranges, general formulas or classes of compounds, these should include not only the corresponding regions or groups of compounds explicitly mentioned, but also all sub-regions and sub-groups of compounds obtained by extracting individual values (ranges) or compounds can be. If documents are cited in the context of the present description, their content is intended to be exhaustive
  • the polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether has an OHN of 1 10 mg KOH / g.
  • the emulsifier obtained has an OH number of 61.6 KOH / g and an average molecular weight of 910 g / mol. Free epoxide groups are not in the final product
  • the acid number is 0.1 mg KOH / g.
  • the internal temperature is increased to 125 ° C. This is followed by the degassing stage, in which volatile components such as residual alkylene oxide distill off in vacuo.
  • the still alkaline polyether is cooled to 85 ° C and neutralized with aqueous phosphoric acid. The following is at 120 ° C and
  • the emulsifier obtained has an OH number of 54.5 mg KOH / g and an average molecular weight of 1030 g / mol. Free epoxide groups are not detectable in the final product.
  • the acid number is 0.1 mg KOH / g.
  • Vestanat HT 2500/100 isocyanurate of hexamethylene diisocyanate, EVONIK, NCO content 21, 8%
  • EVONIK hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • NCO content 21, 8% 60 g
  • the reaction is complete.
  • hydrophilic polyisocyanates prepared in Examples 6 and 7 and
  • Example I-III are mixed with 30% by weight of the high-speed stirrer in water (2 min at 1000 rpm and additionally 1 min at 1500 rpm). The time to foaming is measured, which indicates the end of storage stability. Foaming is a sign of a strong NCO / water reaction under C0 2 formation. After this Foaming, the NCO content has dropped to 0%. In addition, the NCO contents are checked every hour (based on the initial value). Therefore, the table shows the NCO contents before foaming to prove that the dispersion is still intact at this time.
  • HPIC hydrophylated polyisocyanates
  • Oxyester T 1 136 (polyester, Evonik) OH number: 1 13 mg KOH / g
  • TMP Trimethylolpropane
  • DMPS Dimethylpropionic acid
  • Bayhydur 3100 50% in water 496.4 g of Oxyester T 1 136, 50.2 g of DMPS, 13.4 g of TMP, 0.5 g of DBTL and 230 ml of acetone are initially charged, homogenized by stirring at RT and heated to 50 ° C. Thereafter, 346.3 g of VESTANAT IPDI are added within about 20 minutes. It is then heated to reflux and allowed to react after dissolving the DMPS up to the theoretical NCO content (3.96%).
  • Ethylene diamine in acetone stirred quickly in 482.9 g of the prepolymer from step 1, wherein a temperature increase of about 15 ° C occurs. Thereafter, the neutralization with 10.1 g of triethylamine and the rapid addition of 480 ml of deionized water, stirred for about 30 seconds, with an after-reaction of 2 minutes.
  • the HPIC is added to demineralised water (1 T HPIC / 1 T DI water). With a wooden spatula is stirred for about 30 seconds by hand intensively. The result is a solution which is filtered through a ⁇ filter.
  • Example 8 The polyurethane dispersion of Example 8 is weighed into a bottle and 5.0 wt.% Of the 50% HPIC-water solution from a) is weighed out. With a wooden spatula is stirred intensively for about 30 seconds. The result is a homogeneous dispersion. This is filtered through a 80 ⁇ filter and then with a layer thickness of 30-50 ⁇ aufgerakelt on aluminum sheets (Gardobond 722WOF). Subsequently, this coated sheet is tested analytically either after standing at room temperature or after drying (30 min @ 80 ° C).
  • HPICs according to the invention have a higher stability in water (C), with comparable reactivity (F) compared to commercially available competitor products.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des polyisocyanates et des mélanges de polyisocyanates hydrophiles hydrosolubles ou dispersibles dans l'eau, leur procédé de préparation et leur utilisation en tant que composants de départ pour la préparation de matières plastiques polyuréthane, en particulier en tant qu'agent de réticulation pour des liants pour peinture, des liants pour adhésif, ou des liants pour agent d'étanchéité hydrosolubles ou dispersibles dans l'eau, ou des composants de liant contenant des groupes capables de réagir avec des groupes isocyanate ou n'en contenant pas.
EP11721499A 2010-05-21 2011-05-18 Polyisocyanates hydrophiles Withdrawn EP2571913A1 (fr)

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DE102010029235A DE102010029235A1 (de) 2010-05-21 2010-05-21 Hydrophile Polyisocyanate
PCT/EP2011/058012 WO2011144644A1 (fr) 2010-05-21 2011-05-18 Polyisocyanates hydrophiles

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WO (1) WO2011144644A1 (fr)

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US20150329752A1 (en) 2015-11-19
US9175126B2 (en) 2015-11-03
CN102892803A (zh) 2013-01-23
US20130041102A1 (en) 2013-02-14
CN102892803B (zh) 2014-11-19
DE102010029235A1 (de) 2011-11-24

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