EP2544857B1 - Centreless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding workpieces in rod form and method for the centreless cylindrical grinding of workpieces in rod form - Google Patents
Centreless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding workpieces in rod form and method for the centreless cylindrical grinding of workpieces in rod form Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2544857B1 EP2544857B1 EP11707835.2A EP11707835A EP2544857B1 EP 2544857 B1 EP2544857 B1 EP 2544857B1 EP 11707835 A EP11707835 A EP 11707835A EP 2544857 B1 EP2544857 B1 EP 2544857B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- wheels
- workpiece
- regulating
- cylindrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000549194 Euonymus europaeus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
- B24B5/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work for grinding cylindrical surfaces, e.g. on bolts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/20—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement
- B24B47/206—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement for centreless grinding machines; for machines comprising work supports, e.g. steady rests
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
- B24B5/30—Regulating-wheels; Equipment therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B5/37—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding rolls, e.g. barrel-shaped rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B5/38—Single-purpose machines or devices for externally grinding travelling elongated stock, e.g. wire
Definitions
- the invention relates to a centerless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding rod-shaped workpieces with a cylindrical outer contour in a continuous grinding process with the features a to d of claim 1 of this application.
- the invention also relates to a method for centerless cylindrical grinding of rod-shaped workpieces with the features a and b of claim 17 of this application.
- a cylindrical grinding machine and a method of this kind are known from DE 101 00 871 C1 known.
- two individual cylindrical grinding machines are combined as separate assemblies on a common foundation to form a unit.
- the rod or tubular workpiece passes continuously through the two separate grinding units for grinding in succession.
- each grinding unit a relatively wide cylindrical grinding wheel faces a package of regulating wheels, which are relatively thin and spaced from each other on a common spindle.
- the grinding and reeling discs are together with the usual support ruler in a common axial region; Also, the two assemblies are independent in every respect.
- the grinding geometry ie the spatial allocation of grinding wheel, regulating wheel and supporting ruler relative to the workpiece, may be different in each of the two units.
- the two units of the known cylindrical grinding machine can serve different tasks; For example, in the first unit, rough grinding may be performed while finishing is done in the second unit. But it can also be started in the first unit with the sizing, so that in total for the process of sizing more processing time is available. As a result, the tool wear can be significantly reduced during roughing with a lower removal rate.
- the workpiece is in two units of the known grinding machine in the manner arranged in the grinding gap, that it is "below the center".
- the workpiece is defined in the radial direction in the widening grinding gap in accordance with a reference plane, which is defined by the rotation and drive axes of regulating wheel and grinding wheel;
- the workpiece longitudinal axis is moved away from said reference plane within a portion of the grinding gap between this reference plane and the support surface of the support ruler.
- German patent 801 500 is a manually operated special device known to be processed on a workpiece two lateral grinding points simultaneously by centerless cylindrical grinding.
- two grinding wheels are arranged flying on a common shaft and driven for rotation; their axial distance from each other is variable.
- the one movably arranged grinding wheel is moved axially from the outside in the direction of the second stationary grinding wheel.
- the two grinding wheels remain at an axial distance from each other when grinding the lateral grinding points.
- a regulating wheel for driving the workpiece is arranged.
- the regulating wheel and the grinding wheels are offset from each other because the regulating wheel is in its axial position there, where on the opposite side of the workpiece there is the gap between the two grinding wheels.
- a Known centreless cylindrical grinding machine long, thin round rods are ground and transported in a continuous grinding process by three separate groups of discs.
- Each of the three groups comprises a common, rotatably driven spindle, on which the discs of this group are at the mutual axial distance.
- the three groups extend along the round rod to be ground and enclose it between them.
- the first group consists of grinding wheels; the associated spindle runs parallel to the axis of the round rod.
- the spindle of the second group is slightly inclined relative to the axis of the round rod; the disks arranged on this spindle are guide disks with a conical edge which is covered with felt.
- the guide discs cause the transport of the round rod in the axial direction.
- the grinding wheels and guide discs are opposed to each other in the usual way with a radial distance, in such a way that each grinding wheel is exactly opposite a guide disc.
- the third group of discs in the cylindrical grinding machine according to the DE 478 720 A is arranged below the continuous round rod on a common spindle in such a way that these discs engage from below into the axial spaces between the grinding wheels and the guide discs and support the round rod.
- the known machine has no support ruler. Rather, the discs of the third group act much like a support ruler; In addition, they cause the rotary drive of the round rod.
- the known machine according to the DE 478 720 A should allow the use of different granular grinding wheels and at the same time ensure a lively self-rotation of the workpieces with strong axial feed.
- the invention is based on the object to improve the cylindrical grinding machine and the cylindrical grinding process of the type mentioned so that rod-shaped or tubular workpieces of small outer diameter in the grinding gap formed by the grinding wheels, the control wheels and the support ruler grinding gap are kept reliably stable and quiet so that a good grinding result is achieved even when grinding with a high machining volume.
- the control and grinding wheels are arranged offset in the axial direction against each other, wherein the control wheels protrude into the axial spaces between the grinding wheels and vice versa, the grinding wheels in the axial spaces between the regulating wheels.
- Regulating and grinding wheels can thus no longer abut each other, and the grinding gap does not begin in the aforementioned reference plane, but away from this in an area in which the distance between the outer contours of grinding and regulating wheel increasingly increases.
- the workpiece thus abuts two tangential contact lines extending in its longitudinal direction on the grinding and regulating wheel, these contact lines being at a greater distance from one another.
- the expert speaks here of a "high Untermittenismus". As a result, the position of the workpiece in the grinding gap remains reliably stable and stable even when working with a high machining volume.
- the cylindrical grinding machine With the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention, it is possible to run the grinding wheel at the point of contact with the workpiece in the same direction with the surface or opposite thereto. Regardless of the direction of rotation of the grinding wheel can be chosen so that the grinding wheel circumference moves at the point of its contact with the workpiece on the reference plane, ie in the grinding gap. This has the advantage that the workpiece is pressed more strongly against the regulating wheels during grinding, thus relieving the support ruler. The wear of the support ruler is thus reduced.
- An advantageous development of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention consists in that the basic pattern of the multiple set comprises a row of two or more disks, one row of regulating wheels on one side of the workpiece and the other row of grinding wheels opposite on the other side of the workpiece is arranged.
- the basic pattern of the multiple set comprises a row of two or more disks, one row of regulating wheels on one side of the workpiece and the other row of grinding wheels opposite on the other side of the workpiece is arranged.
- the grinding and regulating wheels are driven with the same direction of rotation; the speed of the regulating wheels on the one hand and the On the other hand, grinding wheels can be set independently, as well as the mutual delivery of the discs to the workpiece.
- the machine control it is of course also possible to tune the speeds and the feed movement of the two groups of discs controlled each other.
- the regulating wheels and the grinding wheels in the axial direction of passage of the workpiece graded increasing diameter, and also the support ruler is in this case with its support surface at the decreasing in its longitudinal direction diameter of the workpiece customized.
- the radial feed has become superfluous when grinding over the discs, that the rod-shaped workpiece passes through groups of discs with increasing diameter, the grinding gap is getting narrower. Changing the infeed is only necessary if the grinding wheels have to be changed or if there is a change to workpieces with a different diameter than before.
- the regulating and grinding wheels are no longer directly opposite one another in the transverse direction.
- the staggered arrangement of the discs means that the workpiece is at risk of bending, albeit small. In the worst case, the result of grinding could worsen. Therefore, as a precaution provided according to a further advantageous embodiment that the lateral overlap areas of the control and grinding wheels are separated by axial gaps whose width is only so great that affect the control and grinding wheels each other in continuous manufacturing operation not in their function or even touch.
- the correct dimensioning of the gap width results from simple operational tests; For example, a reference value for practice may be the range between 0.5 and 2 mm.
- Another advantageous measure for avoiding bending stresses in the workpiece is that the axial width of the grinding wheels is less than the axial width of the regulating wheels.
- the grinding wheels For the operation of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention, it is essential that the grinding wheels have a long service life. Only then can be ground with a high machining volume, without a subsequent correction of the delivery in grinding operation is required. Therefore, for the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention CBN grinding wheels preferred, whose CBN abrasive coating can be plated and ceramic or metal-bonded.
- the high load capacity of the workpieces in the cylindrical grinding machine designed according to the invention also means that control disks made of steel can be used.
- these should be provided on their outer circumference with a thread profile, which exerts an axial thrust in the sense of the passage direction on the workpiece similar to a screw conveyor, in which the workpiece passes through the grinding gap.
- the outer circumference of the regulating wheel or the thread profile should advantageously be formed as a friction lining, which consists of a material other than steel, preferably from a galvanically bonded CBN layer.
- an input support disc can be arranged with an elastic peripheral lining, which is fastened together with the regulating wheels on the regulating wheel spindle and driven by this for rotation.
- This input support disk can compensate for a lateral deviation of the workpiece when it enters the grinding path with its front end as an unground raw rod. Even the non-circular workpiece is then safely inserted into the grinding gap.
- an output steel support plate may be freely rotatably supported on the grinding wheel spindle.
- the task of the output support disk is to balance the forces acting on the rod-shaped workpiece at the exit A of the grinding path. Again, it is again about bending forces and a deflection of the workpiece to prevent its end.
- a grinding wheel as the last disc would exert too much lateral force on the workpiece and deflect it laterally. It would be similar with a driven regulating wheel as the last disc.
- the arrangement of an output support plate made of steel is particularly useful if galvanic CBN grinding wheels are used. In these, their diameter changes in the course of their use only to a very small extent; the effect of the output support disk thus remains virtually unchanged.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the output support disk is that it is provided on the steel base body with a thin damping coating, which has a damping effect on the finished workpiece at the outlet from the grinding gap on the one hand.
- the smoothness of the workpiece from the grinding gap can be further improved (thus also the surfaces, measurement and form accuracy on the workpiece).
- the thin damping coating can still absorb small changes in diameter of the grinding wheel.
- the action of the input support disk can be further assisted by arranging a means for pre-centering the continuous rod-shaped workpiece in front of the multiple set.
- This device may consist of a support prism and a pressure roller associated therewith, wherein the workpiece passes between the support prism and the pressure roller.
- the pre-centering device thus facilitates the first entry of the workpiece into the grinding path.
- a device which gives the workpiece a feed in its longitudinal and movement direction.
- the feed effect of this additional device then takes place together with the action of the thread profile on the outer circumference of the regulating wheels.
- the effect of both institutions must be properly coordinated.
- the inventive method for centerless cylindrical grinding of rod-shaped workpieces is specified in the claim 17.
- the regulating wheels and the grinding wheels are each driven in common and in this case are located on a common regulating wheel or grinding wheel spindle;
- the control and grinding wheels are arranged offset in the axial direction to each other and in the radial direction so closely adjacent that the regulating wheels protrude into the axial spaces between the grinding wheels and vice versa;
- an essential feature of the method according to the invention is that the regulating wheels and grinding wheels in the direction of passage of the workpiece have stepped increasing diameter according to the Schleiffort suits;
- the support ruler is also adapted with its support surface to the decreasing in its longitudinal direction diameter of the workpiece.
- the method according to the invention is achieved in an advantageous manner that in the grinding operation, a continuous radial infeeding the grinding and / or regulating wheels to the workpiece is no longer required. Rather, the grinding and regulating wheels remain unchanged in their radial position relative to the workpiece;
- the workpiece continuously passes through the successively formed grinding gaps of control and grinding wheels, the distance from each other in accordance with the Schleiffort suits from input E to the output A of the grinding path gradually becomes gradually smaller. This reduction is due to the fact that the diameter of the control and grinding wheels gradually larger towards the exit of the grinding path become.
- the radial feed movement of the control and grinding wheels in the current grinding operation is thus replaced by the movement of the rod-shaped workpiece in its longitudinal direction.
- rod-shaped workpieces should also include pipes.
- the here in question rods or tubes should have a length of for example 6 meters. They are to be ground in the inventively embodied cylindrical grinding machine from the raw rod to a completely ground bar with a small diameter tolerance. In this case, a high cutting performance can be achieved in a secure process with the lowest possible workpiece speed.
- the longitudinal and rotational axes of the regulating wheels, the grinding wheels and the workpiece are parallel to each other; the same applies to the longitudinal extent of the support ruler.
- the longitudinal axis of the support ruler may also be slightly inclined to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece in accordance with the diameter decrease of the workpiece.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically the process of centerless cylindrical grinding in a device according to the prior art.
- the rod-shaped workpiece 1 thereby moves in the direction of its longitudinal axis 2, ie perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, through a grinding path which is formed by regulating wheels 3, grinding wheels 5 and the support ruler 7.
- two pairs of control and grinding wheels 3, 5 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the workpiece longitudinal axis 2.
- the control wheels 3 rotate about their axes of rotation 4 and are delivered in the feed direction 9 (X1 axis) against the workpiece 1, which is thereby driven to rotate about its longitudinal axis 2, see.
- the direction of rotation arrows 12 and 13 The grinding wheels 5 are also driven to rotate about their axes of rotation 6 and cause the delivery in their feed direction 10 (X2 axis), the cylindrical grinding.
- the rod-shaped workpiece 1 rests on the support surface 8 of the support ruler 7.
- the regulating wheel 3 and the grinding wheel 5 form a downwardly widening grinding gap 15 which is closed so far by the support ruler 7 that the rod-shaped workpiece 1 by linear contact with the regulating wheel 3, the grinding wheel 5 and the support surface 8 of the support ruler. 7 is included and held. From the safe guidance and the quietest possible position of the workpiece 1, despite its rotation and despite the grinding process, the grinding result depends to a great extent, which is especially true for the achievable dimensional accuracy, roundness and surface quality. It should also be noted that the diameter of the workpiece 1 during grinding changes constantly.
- Arrangement of the workpiece 1 in the grinding gap 15 is referred to in practice as "arrangement below center.” By this is meant that the workpiece 1 is in the grinding gap 15 below a reference plane 14, which by the axes of rotation 4, 6 of rule and grinding wheel 3, 5 runs, and that also the support surface 8 of the support ruler 7 is located below this reference plane 14.
- the rod-shaped workpiece 1 can not wander in the grinding gap 15 or leave him because it would have to migrate up into the narrowing grinding gap 15 and is blocked by the support ruler 7 down.
- the workpiece 1 is effectively "clamped” in the grinding gap 15. Therefore, great efforts can be made in driving and grinding the workpiece 1.
- the favorable force conditions allow the use of steel control discs 3, without the risk of sliding and slipping exists.
- Fig. 1 shows the limits of the known devices when the workpiece 1 is to be arranged in the grinding gap 15 between the reference plane 14 and the support surface 8 of the support ruler 7 during centerless cylindrical grinding.
- workpieces 1 of smaller initial diameter then get closer and closer to the reference plane 14 and are then in an area of the grinding gap 15 in which the peripheral surfaces of control and grinding wheel 3, 5 approach a course perpendicular to the reference plane 14.
- the guidance of the workpiece 1 in the grinding gap 15 is characterized uncertain, and slipping out of the workpiece 1 on the reference plane 14 away upwards is no longer excluded. Finally, a further narrowing of the grinding gap 15 is no longer possible, because then the control and grinding wheels 3, 5 would touch each other.
- Fig. 2a the front view according to Fig. 2
- Fig. 3 is the detail of a view from above of the crucial functional parts of a cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention.
- the control wheels 3 are arranged on a common control wheel spindle 16 and the grinding wheels 5 on a common grinding wheel spindle 17. Between the individual control and grinding wheels 3, 5 are axial spaces 23, 24.
- the regulating wheel spindle 16 and the grinding wheel spindle 17 are arranged parallel to each other at a close distance, so that the individual control discs 3 engage in the axial spaces 24 between the grinding wheels 5 and vice versa, the grinding wheels 5 in the axial spaces 23, which are present between the control discs 3.
- each a Umsch adoptedungsdreieck 20 or 21 drawn the sides of the contact tangent of the workpiece 1 on the control and grinding wheel 3, 5 and from the support surface 8 of the support ruler 7 is formed.
- the upper angle of the projecting into the grinding gap 15 tip is substantially larger in the Umsch conductedungsdreieck 21 of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention than in the enclosing triangle 20 according to the prior art.
- the workpiece 1 with the small diameter is reliably stable and kept quiet;
- an operation is possible in which the workpiece 1 rotates about its longitudinal axis 2 with the same direction of rotation 13 as the grinding wheels 5 about the axes of rotation 6, so that there is an opposite circumferential movement at the mutual points of engagement, cf.
- the direction of rotation arrows 12 and 13. Just as well as the operation is possible with opposite direction of rotation, see. Fig. 2a ,
- the stable "clamping" of the workpiece 1 in the grinding gap 15 creates the prerequisite for working with CBN grinding wheels 5, which achieve a high Zerspanvolumen.
- FIG. 2a shows, moreover, another essential detail.
- the circumference of the grinding wheel 5 moves at its point of contact with the workpiece 2 into the grinding gap, ie towards the reference plane 14.
- the grinding wheel 5 thus exerts a force effect on the workpiece 1, which leads to an additional pressure of the workpiece on the regulating wheel 3.
- wear of the pad ruler is reduced.
- control and grinding wheels 3, 5 mutually offset in the axial direction means for the workpiece 1 that there is a risk of bending, albeit slight, which could worsen the grinding result in the worst case. That will happen once counteracted that the diameter of the regulating wheel and grinding wheel spindle 16, 17 are dimensioned relatively large.
- the axial width b3 of the control discs 3 is made larger than the axial width b5 of the grinding wheels 5, so that the acting during grinding in the radial direction high feed force of the grinding wheels 5 can be taken with certainty from the control discs 3.
- the width s18 of the axial gap 18 must be kept as low as possible, which consists in the lateral overlap regions 19 between the control wheels 3 and the grinding wheels 5.
- a general rule can not be drawn up for this purpose; but it can be reliably determined by experiments without much effort, how small the gap width s18 can be without the control and grinding wheels 3, 5 affect each other in the continuous manufacturing operation each other in their function or even touch.
- a guideline for practice for example, be the range between 0.5 to 2 mm.
- Fig. 4 the scheme of a cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention is shown, in which a series of three control discs 3 cooperates with a series of three grinding wheels 5.
- the presentation of the Fig. 4 does not correspond to the actual arrangement of the control and grinding wheels 3, 5.
- a representation has been selected that a cutting line in Fig. 2 through the axis of rotation 4 of the regulating wheel 3, the longitudinal and rotational axis 2 of the workpiece 1 and the axis of rotation 6 of the grinding wheel 5 corresponds.
- the three axes of rotation 4, 2 and 6 are on a common line, and in Fig. 4 the interaction of the discs 3, 5 with the workpiece 1 becomes clear.
- the in Fig. 4 can be preceded by a device that gives the rod-shaped workpiece 1 a feed in its longitudinal and direction of passage 2 and 22 respectively. Since such devices belong to the prior art, they need not be shown here in detail.
- the outer diameter of the grinding wheels 5 arranged on the common grinding wheel spindle 17 gradually increases in the order from the input E to the output A of the grinding path; the same applies to the arranged on the common regulating wheel spindle 16 control wheels 3. Since the control and grinding wheels 3, 5 are delivered together via their common spindles 16, 17, a grinding gap 15 is formed, from the input E to the output A of the grinding path becomes gradually narrower.
- the rod-shaped workpiece 1 with supplied discs 3, 5 through the grinding gap 15 (see. Fig. 2 ) is continuously ground, it is ground round, with its diameter of a value d2E at the input E of the grinding path decreases to a value d2A at the output A of the grinding path.
- the support ruler 7 must be adapted to this decrease in the workpiece diameter.
- it can be made obliquely over the entire length of the grinding path or consist of individual adapted sections, which gradually protrude in the direction of passage 22 a step further into the grinding channel 15.
- the decrease of the workpiece diameter is in Fig. 4 greatly exaggerated, so that the functional principle is clearly visible.
- the grinding wheels 5 are electroplated, ceramically bonded or metal bonded CBN grinding wheels, which are preferred because of their high cutting performance and their stability.
- the control discs 3 have a base made of steel and are provided on its outer periphery with a friction lining, which may consist of a galvanically bonded CBN layer.
- the friction lining is expediently designed as a thread profile 25, cf. Fig. 5 , In this case, the outer contour of the thread profile 25 arched ( Fig. 5a ) or straight ( Fig. 5b ) be.
- Fig. 5a illustrated forms of the curved contour of the thread form show on the one hand left a spherical shape "composed of round elements".
- the second version on the right is composed of straight elements.
- the thus-equipped control discs 3 then practice similar to a screw conveyor axial thrust in the direction of passage 22 on the rod-shaped workpiece 1. You can thus support or even replace the already mentioned feed device, which is placed in front of the input E of the grinding path. In addition, it is possible, via the thread pitch of the thread profile 25 in conjunction with the speed of the control discs 3 to influence the conveying speed of the workpiece 1 in the grinding gap 15 targeted. Finally, a thread profile 25 of a CBN friction lining to a certain extent also pick up dirt on the workpiece 1, because the CBN grain protrudes beyond the coating.
- a further device 29 is arranged, which consists of a support prism 30 and a pressure roller 31, between which the rod-shaped workpiece 1 passes, see. Fig. 6 , With the device 29, the rod-shaped workpiece 1 is precentered and introduced stably into the grinding gap 15. This results in a targeted grinding of the workpiece 1, and the tendency to chatter when grinding is prevented.
- an input support disc 26 This is rotatably mounted on the regulating wheel spindle 16, the control discs 3 preceded and together powered with these for rotation.
- the input support disk 26 is provided with an elastic peripheral coating 27 and can compensate for the lateral deviation of a non-circular workpiece 1 when it enters the grinding path as a raw rod with its front end. In this way, the non-circular workpiece 1 is safely inserted into the grinding gap 15.
- an output support disk 28 is provided on the side of the grinding wheels 5. It is freely rotatably mounted on the Schieiffractionn spindle 17, so it is not driven together with the grinding wheels 5.
- the output support plate 28 may be made of steel and receives its rotary drive by contact with the workpiece 1; it has no thread profile on its circumference.
- the task of the output support disk 28 is to compensate for the forces acting on the rod-shaped workpiece 1 at the output A of the grinding path.
- a grinding wheel 5 as the last disc would exert too much lateral force on the workpiece 1 and deflect it laterally. It would be similar with a driven regulating wheel 3 as the last disc.
- the arrangement of an output support plate 28 made of steel is particularly useful when using CBN grinding wheels; because in these the diameter is reduced in the course of its useful life only to a very small extent; the effect of the output support disk 28 then remains almost unchanged.
- An unillustrated regulating wheel support causes the radial delivery of the regulating wheel spindle 16 with all its control disks 3 and the input support disk 26 to the workpiece; Similarly, an unillustrated grinding wheel support for radial feed of the grinding wheel spindle 17 with all their grinding wheels 5.
- the position of the control and grinding wheels 3, 5 radially or radially to the workpiece 1 not be changed only slightly, because the diameter of the CBN grinding wheels 5 remains virtually unchanged over its service life.
- a new delivery is required only when changing the grinding wheels 5 or when changing to workpieces with a different diameter.
- a constant readjustment of grinding and regulating wheel 3, 5, according to the decreasing workpiece diameter is in any case not required in the continuous grinding process, because the rod-shaped workpiece 1 yes instead by a gradually narrowing grinding gap 15 passes.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine spitzenlose Rundschleifmaschine zum Schleifen von stangenförmigen Werkstücken mit zylindrischer Außenkontur im Durchlauf-Schleifverfahren mit den Merkmalen a bis d des Anspruchs 1 dieser Anmeldung. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum spitzenlosen Rundschleifen von stangenförmigen Werkstücken mit den Merkmalen a und b des Anspruchs 17 dieser Anmeldung. Eine Rundschleifmaschine und ein Verfahren dieser Art sind aus der
Bei der bekannten Rundschleifmaschine sind somit zwei im axialen Abstand voneinander befindliche Schleifspalte gebildet, durch die das stangen- oder rohrförmige Werkstück hindurchläuft. Die beiden Einheiten der bekannten Rundschleifmaschine können unterschiedlichen Aufgaben dienen; beispielsweise kann in der ersten Einheit das Schruppschleifen erfolgen, während in der zweiten Einheit das Schlichten vorgenommen wird. Es kann aber auch schon in der ersten Einheit mit dem Schlichten begonnen werden, sodass insgesamt für den Prozess des Schlichtens mehr Bearbeitungszeit zur Verfügung steht. Dadurch kann beim Schruppen mit geringerer Abtragrate der Werkzeugverschleiß deutlich verringert werden. Das Werkstück ist in beiden Einheiten der bekannten Schleifmaschine in der Weise in dem Schleifspalt angeordnet, dass es sich "unter der Mitte" befindet. In einer exakten Definition ist damit das Folgende gemeint: das Werkstück ist in radialer Richtung in dem sich erweiternden Schleifspalt nach Maßgabe einer Bezugsebene festgelegt, die durch die Dreh- und Antriebsachsen von Regelscheibe und Schleifscheibe gelegt ist; dabei befindet sich die Werkstück-Längsachse abgerückt von der genannten Bezugsebene innerhalb eines Teilbereichs des Schleifspalts zwischen dieser Bezugsebene und der Stützfläche des Auflagelineals. Diese Anordnung hat den Vorzug, dass das Werkstück in dem Schleifspalt zwischen Regel- und Schleifscheibe einerseits und der Stützfläche des Auflagelineals andererseits in gewisser Weise eingespannt ist. Es kann daher auch dann nicht aus dem Schleifspalt ausgeworfen werden, wenn mit größeren Schleifkräften gearbeitet wird. Somit kann beim Rundschleifen "unter der Mitte" mit einem hohen Zeitspanvolumen gearbeitet werden, und der axiale Vorschub des Werkstücks in der Schleifstrecke und im Schleifspalt kann hoch sein.In the known cylindrical grinding machine, two grinding gaps located at an axial distance from each other are thus formed, through which the rod-shaped or tubular workpiece passes. The two units of the known cylindrical grinding machine can serve different tasks; For example, in the first unit, rough grinding may be performed while finishing is done in the second unit. But it can also be started in the first unit with the sizing, so that in total for the process of sizing more processing time is available. As a result, the tool wear can be significantly reduced during roughing with a lower removal rate. The workpiece is in two units of the known grinding machine in the manner arranged in the grinding gap, that it is "below the center". In an exact definition, the following is meant: the workpiece is defined in the radial direction in the widening grinding gap in accordance with a reference plane, which is defined by the rotation and drive axes of regulating wheel and grinding wheel; In this case, the workpiece longitudinal axis is moved away from said reference plane within a portion of the grinding gap between this reference plane and the support surface of the support ruler. This arrangement has the advantage that the workpiece in the grinding gap between the control and grinding wheel on the one hand and the support surface of the support ruler on the other hand is clamped in a certain way. It can therefore not be ejected from the grinding gap even when working with larger grinding forces. Thus, when grinding "under the middle", a high chip removal rate can be used, and the axial feed of the workpiece in the grinding path and in the grinding gap can be high.
Die Anordnung "unter der Mitte" wird daher in vielen Anwendungsfällen beim spitzenlosen Rundschleifen bevorzugt. Die Grenzen der Anordnung ergeben sich jedoch dann, wenn stangen- oder rohrförmige Werkstücke geschliffen werden sollen, die einen kleinen Durchmesser haben. Das Werkstück muss dann in einem Bereich des Schleifspaltes an der Schleif- und Regelscheibe anliegen, in dem die Außenkonturen der Scheiben schon in einen annähernd parallelen Verlauf übergehen. Das Werkstück liegt somit in dem Schleifspalt sehr weit oben, sodass es im schlimmsten Fall nach oben aus dem Schleifspalt herauswandern kann. Zumindest wird es immer schwieriger, mit dem üblichen Stützlineal eine sichere und ruhige Lage des Werkstücks beim Schleifen zu gewährleisten. Wenn der Schleifspalt immer enger wird, nähert man sich schließlich dem Bereich, in dem die Schleifscheiben aneinander stoßen würden; ein spitzenloses Rundschleifen von Werkstücken mit kleinem Durchmesser ist in der herkömmlichen Weise dann nicht mehr möglich.The arrangement "below the center" is therefore preferred in many applications for centerless cylindrical grinding. However, the limits of the arrangement arise when rod or tubular workpieces are to be ground, which have a small diameter. The workpiece must then abut in a region of the grinding gap on the grinding and regulating wheel, in which the outer contours of the discs already pass into an approximately parallel course. The workpiece is thus very high in the grinding gap, so that it can migrate upwards out of the grinding gap in the worst case. At least it is becoming increasingly difficult to ensure a safe and quiet position of the workpiece during grinding with the usual support ruler. As the grinding gap narrows, one eventually approaches the area where the grinding wheels would abut each other; a centerless cylindrical grinding of small diameter workpieces is then no longer possible in the conventional manner.
Aus der deutschen Patentschrift
Bei einer aus der
Die dritte Gruppe der Scheiben bei der Rundschleifmaschine gemäß der
Der Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Rundschleifmaschine und das Rundschleifverfahren der eingangs genannten Art so zu verbessern, das auch stangen- oder rohrförmige Werkstücke von kleinem Außendurchmesser in dem durch die Schleifscheiben, die Regelscheiben und dem Stützlineal gebildeten Schleifspalt zuverlässig stabil und ruhig gehalten werden, sodass auch beim Schleifen mit hohem Zerspanvolumen ein gutes Schleifergebnis erreicht wird.The invention is based on the object to improve the cylindrical grinding machine and the cylindrical grinding process of the type mentioned so that rod-shaped or tubular workpieces of small outer diameter in the grinding gap formed by the grinding wheels, the control wheels and the support ruler grinding gap are kept reliably stable and quiet so that a good grinding result is achieved even when grinding with a high machining volume.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt bei der Rundschleifmaschine durch die Gesamtheit der Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und bei dem Rundschleifverfahren mit der Gesamtheit der Merkmale des Anspruchs 17.The solution to this problem is achieved in the cylindrical grinding machine by the totality of the features of
Bei der spitzenlosen Rundschleifmaschine gemäß der Erfindung wird somit vorgesehen, dass die Regel- und Schleifscheiben in axialer Richtung gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet sind, wobei die Regelscheiben in die axialen Zwischenräume zwischen den Schleifscheiben hineinragen und umgekehrt auch die Schleifscheiben in die axialen Zwischenräume zwischen den Regelscheiben. Regel- und Schleifscheiben können damit nicht mehr aneinander stoßen, und der Schleifspalt beginnt nicht schon in der vorher genannten Bezugsebene, sondern entfernt von dieser in einem Bereich, in dem der Abstand zwischen den Außenkonturen von Schleif- und Regelscheibe sich zunehmend vergrößert. Das Werkstück liegt somit an zwei in seiner Längsrichtung verlaufenden tangentialen Berührungslinien an der Schleif- und Regelscheibe an, wobei diese Berührungslinien einen größeren Abstand voneinander haben. Der Fachmann spricht hier von einem "hohen Untermittenmaß". Die Lage des Werkstücks im Schleifspalt bleibt infolgedessen auch dann zuverlässig ruhig und stabil, wenn mit hohem Zerspanvolumen gearbeitet wird.In the centerless cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention is thus provided that the control and grinding wheels are arranged offset in the axial direction against each other, wherein the control wheels protrude into the axial spaces between the grinding wheels and vice versa, the grinding wheels in the axial spaces between the regulating wheels. Regulating and grinding wheels can thus no longer abut each other, and the grinding gap does not begin in the aforementioned reference plane, but away from this in an area in which the distance between the outer contours of grinding and regulating wheel increasingly increases. The workpiece thus abuts two tangential contact lines extending in its longitudinal direction on the grinding and regulating wheel, these contact lines being at a greater distance from one another. The expert speaks here of a "high Untermittenmaß". As a result, the position of the workpiece in the grinding gap remains reliably stable and stable even when working with a high machining volume.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Rundschleifmaschine ist es möglich, die Schleifscheibe an der Berührungsstelle mit dem Werkstück gleichsinnig mit dessen Oberfläche oder entgegengesetzt dazu laufen zu lassen. Unabhängig davon kann auch die Drehrichtung der Schleifscheibe so gewählt werden, dass sich der Schleifscheiben-Umfang an der Stelle seiner Berührung mit dem Werkstück auf die Bezugsebene zu, also in den Schleifspalt hineinbewegt. Das hat den Vorteil, dass das Werkstück beim Schleifen stärker an die Regelscheiben gedrückt und somit das Auflagelineal entlastet wird. Der Verschleiß des Auflagelineals wird somit verringert.With the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention, it is possible to run the grinding wheel at the point of contact with the workpiece in the same direction with the surface or opposite thereto. Regardless of the direction of rotation of the grinding wheel can be chosen so that the grinding wheel circumference moves at the point of its contact with the workpiece on the reference plane, ie in the grinding gap. This has the advantage that the workpiece is pressed more strongly against the regulating wheels during grinding, thus relieving the support ruler. The wear of the support ruler is thus reduced.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Rundschleifmaschine besteht darin, dass das grundsätzliche Muster des Mehrfachsatzes je eine Reihe von zwei oder mehr Scheiben umfasst, wovon die eine Reihe mit Regelscheiben an der einen Seite des Werkstücks und die andere Reihe mit Schleifscheiben gegenüberliegend an der anderen Seite des Werkstücks angeordnet ist. Im Vergleich zu der eingangs genannten bekannten Rundschleifmaschine, die ausdrücklich auf zwei voneinander unabhängige Schleifeinheiten festgelegt ist, ergibt sich damit ein verhältnismäßig einfacher Grundaufbau, bei der auch drei und mehr Regel- und Schleifscheiben in axialer Richtung hintereinander gemeinsam angetrieben werden können.An advantageous development of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention consists in that the basic pattern of the multiple set comprises a row of two or more disks, one row of regulating wheels on one side of the workpiece and the other row of grinding wheels opposite on the other side of the workpiece is arranged. Compared to the above-mentioned known cylindrical grinding machine, which is expressly set to two independent grinding units, this results in a relatively simple basic structure in which three and more control and grinding wheels in the axial direction can be driven together in succession.
Dabei sind dann in jedem Abschnitt des Schleifspalts die Schleif- und Regelscheiben mit gleichbleibender Drehrichtung angetrieben; die Drehzahl der Regelscheiben einerseits und der Schleifscheiben andererseits kann dabei unabhängig eingestellt werden, ebenso auch die beiderseitige Zustellung der Scheiben an das Werkstück. Über die Maschinensteuerung ist es selbstverständlich auch möglich, die Drehzahlen und die Zustellbewegung der beiden Scheibengruppen gesteuert aufeinander abzustimmen.In this case, in each section of the grinding gap, the grinding and regulating wheels are driven with the same direction of rotation; the speed of the regulating wheels on the one hand and the On the other hand, grinding wheels can be set independently, as well as the mutual delivery of the discs to the workpiece. About the machine control, it is of course also possible to tune the speeds and the feed movement of the two groups of discs controlled each other.
Ergänzend zu diesen Überlegungen kann gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausbildung vorgesehen werden, dass die Regelscheiben und die Schleifscheiben in der axialen Durchlaufrichtung des Werkstücks abgestuft zunehmende Durchmesser aufweisen, und auch das Auflagelineal wird in diesem Fall mit seiner Stützfläche an den in seiner Längsrichtung abnehmenden Durchmesser des Werkstücks angepasst. Bei dieser Ausbildung wird im laufenden Schleifbetrieb keine weitere Zustellbewegung der Regel- und Schleifscheiben mehr vorgenommen. Vielmehr ist die radiale Zustellung beim Schleifen über die Scheiben dadurch überflüssig geworden, dass das stangenförmige Werkstück durch Scheibengruppen mit zunehmendem Durchmesser hindurch läuft, wobei der Schleifspalt immer enger wird. Eine Änderung der Zustellung ist nur dann erforderlich, wenn die Schleifscheiben gewechselt werden müssen oder wenn ein Wechsel auf Werkstücke mit einem anderen Durchmesser als vorher erfolgt.In addition to these considerations can be provided according to a further advantageous embodiment that the regulating wheels and the grinding wheels in the axial direction of passage of the workpiece graded increasing diameter, and also the support ruler is in this case with its support surface at the decreasing in its longitudinal direction diameter of the workpiece customized. In this training, no further feed movement of the control and grinding wheels is made in the current grinding operation more. Rather, the radial feed has become superfluous when grinding over the discs, that the rod-shaped workpiece passes through groups of discs with increasing diameter, the grinding gap is getting narrower. Changing the infeed is only necessary if the grinding wheels have to be changed or if there is a change to workpieces with a different diameter than before.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Rundschleifmaschine stehen sich die Regel- und Schleifscheiben in Querrichtung nicht mehr unmittelbar gegenüber. Die versetzte Anordnung der Scheiben bedeutet, dass für das Werkstück die Gefahr einer wenn auch geringen Durchbiegung besteht. Im schlimmsten Fall könnte sich das Schleifergebnis dadurch verschlechtern. Daher wird gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausbildung vorsorglich vorgesehen, dass die seitlichen Überdeckungsbereiche der Regel- und Schleifscheiben durch axiale Spalte voneinander getrennt sind, deren Weite nur so groß ist, das die Regel- und Schleifscheiben sich selbst im dauernden Fertigungsbetrieb gegenseitig nicht in ihrer Funktion beeinträchtigen oder sogar berühren. Die richtige Dimensionierung der Spaltweite ergibt sich durch einfache betriebliche Versuche; ein Anhaltswert für die Praxis kann beispielsweise der Bereich zwischen 0,5 und 2 mm sein.In the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention, the regulating and grinding wheels are no longer directly opposite one another in the transverse direction. The staggered arrangement of the discs means that the workpiece is at risk of bending, albeit small. In the worst case, the result of grinding could worsen. Therefore, as a precaution provided according to a further advantageous embodiment that the lateral overlap areas of the control and grinding wheels are separated by axial gaps whose width is only so great that affect the control and grinding wheels each other in continuous manufacturing operation not in their function or even touch. The correct dimensioning of the gap width results from simple operational tests; For example, a reference value for practice may be the range between 0.5 and 2 mm.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahme zum Vermeiden von Biegebeanspruchungen im Werkstück besteht darin, dass die axiale Breite der Schleifscheiben geringer ist als die axiale Breite der Regelscheiben.Another advantageous measure for avoiding bending stresses in the workpiece is that the axial width of the grinding wheels is less than the axial width of the regulating wheels.
Für den Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Rundschleifmaschine ist es wesentlich, dass die Schleifscheiben eine hohe Standzeit haben. Nur dann kann mit einem hohen Zerspanvolumen geschliffen werden, ohne dass ein nachträgliches Korrigieren der Zustellung im Schleifbetrieb erforderlich ist. Daher werden für die erfindungsgemäße Rundschleifmaschine CBN-Schleifscheiben bevorzugt, deren CBN-Schleifbelag galvanisch belegt sowie keramisch oder metallgebunden sein kann.For the operation of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention, it is essential that the grinding wheels have a long service life. Only then can be ground with a high machining volume, without a subsequent correction of the delivery in grinding operation is required. Therefore, for the cylindrical grinding machine according to the invention CBN grinding wheels preferred, whose CBN abrasive coating can be plated and ceramic or metal-bonded.
Die hohe Belastbarkeit der Werkstücke in der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Rundschleifmaschine bedeutet auch, dass Regelscheiben aus Stahl verwendet werden können. Vorteilhaft sollten diese an ihrem Außenumfang mit einem Gewindeprofil versehen sein, das ähnlich einer Förderschnecke einen Axialschub im Sinne der Durchlaufrichtung auf das Werkstück ausübt, in der das Werkstück durch den Schleifspalt hindurchläuft. Der Außenumfang der Regelscheibe oder das Gewindeprofil sollte dabei vorteilhaft als Reibbelag ausgebildet sein, der aus einem anderen Material als Stahl, vorzugsweise aus einer galvanisch gebundenen CBN-Schicht besteht.The high load capacity of the workpieces in the cylindrical grinding machine designed according to the invention also means that control disks made of steel can be used. Advantageously, these should be provided on their outer circumference with a thread profile, which exerts an axial thrust in the sense of the passage direction on the workpiece similar to a screw conveyor, in which the workpiece passes through the grinding gap. The outer circumference of the regulating wheel or the thread profile should advantageously be formed as a friction lining, which consists of a material other than steel, preferably from a galvanically bonded CBN layer.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen beziehen sich auf die Führung des stangenförmigen Werkstücks in der Schleifstrecke und auf den Antrieb des Werkstücks in seiner Längs- und Bewegungsrichtung, also der Durchlaufrichtung in der Schleifstrecke.Further advantageous embodiments relate to the guidance of the rod-shaped workpiece in the grinding path and to the drive of the workpiece in its longitudinal and direction of movement, ie the direction of passage in the grinding path.
So kann am Eingang E des Mehrfachsatzes in der Reihe der Regelscheiben vor diesen eine Eingangsstützscheibe mit einem elastischen Umfangsbelag angeordnet sein, die zusammen mit den Regelscheiben auf der Regelscheiben-Spindel befestigt und von dieser zur Drehung angetrieben ist. Diese Eingangs-Stützscheibe kann eine Seitenabweichung des Werkstücks ausgleichen, wenn dieses als unrunder Rohstab mit seinem vorderen Ende in die Schleifstrecke eintritt. Selbst das unrunde Werkstück wird dann sicher in den Schleifspalt eingeführt.Thus, at the input E of the multiple set in the row of regulating wheels before these an input support disc can be arranged with an elastic peripheral lining, which is fastened together with the regulating wheels on the regulating wheel spindle and driven by this for rotation. This input support disk can compensate for a lateral deviation of the workpiece when it enters the grinding path with its front end as an unground raw rod. Even the non-circular workpiece is then safely inserted into the grinding gap.
In ähnlicher Weise kann am Ausgang A des Mehrfachsatzes in der Reihe der Schleifscheiben hinter diesen eine Ausgangs-Stützscheibe aus Stahl frei drehbar auf der Schleifscheiben-Spindel gelagert sein. Die Aufgabe der Ausgangs-Stützscheibe besteht darin, die Kräfte auszugleichen, die auf das stangenförmige Werkstück am Ausgang A der Schleifstrecke einwirken. Auch hier geht es wieder darum, Biegekräfte und eine Auslenkung des Werkstücks an seinem Ende zu verhindern. Eine Schleifscheibe als letzte Scheibe würde eine zu hohe Seitenkraft auf das Werkstück ausüben und dieses seitlich ausbiegen. Ähnlich wäre es mit einer angetriebenen Regelscheibe als letzter Scheibe. Die Anordnung einer Ausgangs-Stützscheibe aus Stahl ist besonders dann sinnvoll, wenn galvanisch belegte CBN-Schleifscheiben verwendet werden. Bei diesen verändert sich ihr Durchmesser im Laufe ihrer Nutzung nur in seinem sehr geringen Maße; die Wirkung der Ausgangs-Stützscheibe bleibt dadurch nahezu unverändert.Similarly, at the output A of the multiple set in the row of grinding wheels, behind it, an output steel support plate may be freely rotatably supported on the grinding wheel spindle. The task of the output support disk is to balance the forces acting on the rod-shaped workpiece at the exit A of the grinding path. Again, it is again about bending forces and a deflection of the workpiece to prevent its end. A grinding wheel as the last disc would exert too much lateral force on the workpiece and deflect it laterally. It would be similar with a driven regulating wheel as the last disc. The arrangement of an output support plate made of steel is particularly useful if galvanic CBN grinding wheels are used. In these, their diameter changes in the course of their use only to a very small extent; the effect of the output support disk thus remains virtually unchanged.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Ausgangs-Stützscheibe ist, dass diese auf dem Stahlgrundkörper mit einem dünnen dämpfenden Belag versehen ist, der zum einen am fertig geschliffenen Werkstück beim Auslauf aus dem Schleifspalt eine dämpfende Wirkung aufweist.A further advantageous embodiment of the output support disk is that it is provided on the steel base body with a thin damping coating, which has a damping effect on the finished workpiece at the outlet from the grinding gap on the one hand.
Somit kann die Laufruhe des Werkstückes aus dem Schleifspalt noch verbessert werden (somit auch die Oberflächen, Mess- und Formgenauigkeit am Werkstück). Als weiterer Vorteil kann der dünne dämpfende Belag noch geringe Durchmesseränderungen der Schleifscheibe aufnehmen.Thus, the smoothness of the workpiece from the grinding gap can be further improved (thus also the surfaces, measurement and form accuracy on the workpiece). As a further advantage, the thin damping coating can still absorb small changes in diameter of the grinding wheel.
Die Wirkung der Eingangs-Stützscheibe kann weiter dadurch unterstützt werden, dass vor den Mehrfachsatz eine Einrichtung zum Vorzentrieren des durchlaufenden stangenförmigen Werkstücks angeordnet ist. Diese Einrichtung kann aus einem Auflageprisma und einer diesem zugeordneten Andrückrolle bestehen, wobei das Werkstück zwischen dem Auflageprisma und der Andrückrolle hindurch läuft. Die Einrichtung zum Vorzentrieren erleichtert damit den ersten Eintritt des Werkstücks in die Schleifstrecke.The action of the input support disk can be further assisted by arranging a means for pre-centering the continuous rod-shaped workpiece in front of the multiple set. This device may consist of a support prism and a pressure roller associated therewith, wherein the workpiece passes between the support prism and the pressure roller. The pre-centering device thus facilitates the first entry of the workpiece into the grinding path.
Schließlich kann auch in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen werden, dass am Anfang der Werkstück-Bewegungsbahn eine Einrichtung vorgesehen ist, die dem Werkstück einen Vorschub in seiner Längs- und Bewegungsrichtung erteilt. Die Vorschubwirkung dieser zusätzlichen Einrichtung erfolgt dann zusammen mit der Wirkung des Gewindeprofils am Außenumfang der Regelscheiben. Die Wirkung beider Einrichtungen muss in zweckmäßiger Weise aufeinander abgestimmt werden.Finally, it can also be provided in an advantageous manner that at the beginning of the workpiece movement path, a device is provided which gives the workpiece a feed in its longitudinal and movement direction. The feed effect of this additional device then takes place together with the action of the thread profile on the outer circumference of the regulating wheels. The effect of both institutions must be properly coordinated.
Wie schon erwähnt, ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum spitzenlosen Rundschleifen von stangenförmigen Werkstücken in dem Anspruch 17 angegeben. Hierbei wird zusätzlich zu den schon aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Maßnahmen a und b vorgesehen, dass die Regelscheiben und die Schleifscheiben jeweils gemeinsam angetrieben sind und sich hierbei auf einer gemeinsamen Regelscheiben- bzw. Schleifscheiben-Spindel befinden; weiter ist vorgesehen, dass die Regel- und Schleifscheiben in axialer Richtung versetzt zueinander und in radialer Richtung so eng benachbart angeordnet sind, dass die Regelscheiben in die axialen Zwischenräume zwischen den Schleifscheiben hineinragen und umgekehrt; ferner besteht ein wesentliches Merkmal des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens darin, dass die Regelscheiben und Schleifscheiben in der Durchlaufrichtung des Werkstücks abgestuft zunehmende Durchmesser entsprechend dem Schleiffortschritt aufweisen; auch das Auflagelineal ist mit seiner Stützfläche gleichfalls an den in seiner Längsrichtung abnehmenden Durchmesser des Werkstücks angepasst.As already mentioned, the inventive method for centerless cylindrical grinding of rod-shaped workpieces is specified in the
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist in vorteilhafter Weise erreicht, dass im Schleifbetrieb ein dauerndes radiales Zustellen der Schleif- und/oder Regelscheiben an das Werkstück nicht mehr erforderlich ist. Vielmehr bleiben die Schleif- und Regelscheiben in ihrer radialen Stellung gegenüber dem Werkstück unverändert; dafür durchläuft das Werkstück kontinuierlich die hin tereinander gebildeten Schleifspalte aus Regel- und Schleifscheiben, deren Abstand voneinander entsprechend dem Schleiffortschritt vom Eingang E zum Ausgang A der Schleifstrecke hin stufenweise immer geringer wird. Diese Verringerung kommt dadurch zustande, dass die Durchmesser der Regel- und Schleifscheiben zum Ausgang der Schleifstrecke hin stufenweise größer werden. Die radiale Zustellbewegung der Regel- und Schleifscheiben im laufenden Schleifbetrieb ist somit durch die Bewegung des stangenförmigen Werkstücks in seiner Längsrichtung ersetzt.With the method according to the invention is achieved in an advantageous manner that in the grinding operation, a continuous radial infeeding the grinding and / or regulating wheels to the workpiece is no longer required. Rather, the grinding and regulating wheels remain unchanged in their radial position relative to the workpiece; For this purpose, the workpiece continuously passes through the successively formed grinding gaps of control and grinding wheels, the distance from each other in accordance with the Schleiffortschritt from input E to the output A of the grinding path gradually becomes gradually smaller. This reduction is due to the fact that the diameter of the control and grinding wheels gradually larger towards the exit of the grinding path become. The radial feed movement of the control and grinding wheels in the current grinding operation is thus replaced by the movement of the rod-shaped workpiece in its longitudinal direction.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass die Bewegungsrichtung des Schleifscheiben-Umfangs an der Stelle seiner Berührung mit dem Werkstück in Richtung auf die Bezugsebene hin verläuft. Bei dieser Vorgehensweise übt die Schleifscheibe eine Kraftwirkung auf das Werkstück aus, das dadurch an die Regelscheibe angedrückt wird. Die Belastung des Auflagelineals durch das Werkstück wird dadurch verringert und damit auch der Verschleiß des Auflagelineals.An advantageous development of the method according to the invention is that the direction of movement of the grinding wheel circumference extends at the point of its contact with the workpiece in the direction of the reference plane. In this procedure, the grinding wheel exerts a force on the workpiece, which is thereby pressed against the regulating wheel. The load of the support ruler through the workpiece is thereby reduced and thus also the wear of the support ruler.
Abschließend wird noch festgehalten, dass der Begriff der "stangenförmigen Werkstücke" auch Rohre mit umfassen soll. Die hier in Frage kommenden Stangen oder Rohre sollen eine Länge von beispielsweise 6 Metern haben. Sie sollen in der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Rundschleifmaschine vom Rohstab bis auf einen komplett überschliffenen Stab mit geringer Durchmessertoleranz geschliffen werden. Dabei lässt sich eine hohe Zerspanleistung in einem gesicherten Prozess bei möglichst geringer Werkstückdrehzahl erreichen. In der Ansicht von oben verlaufen die Längs- und Drehachsen der Regelscheiben, der Schleifscheiben und des Werkstücks parallel zueinander; dasselbe gilt auch für die Längserstreckung des Auflagelineals. In einer Ansicht von der Seite kann die Längsachse des Auflagelineals entsprechend der Durchmesser-Abnahme des Werkstücks auch leicht geneigt zu der Längsachse des Werkstücks verlaufen.Finally, it is stated that the term "rod-shaped workpieces" should also include pipes. The here in question rods or tubes should have a length of for example 6 meters. They are to be ground in the inventively embodied cylindrical grinding machine from the raw rod to a completely ground bar with a small diameter tolerance. In this case, a high cutting performance can be achieved in a secure process with the lowest possible workpiece speed. In the view from above, the longitudinal and rotational axes of the regulating wheels, the grinding wheels and the workpiece are parallel to each other; the same applies to the longitudinal extent of the support ruler. In a view from the side, the longitudinal axis of the support ruler may also be slightly inclined to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece in accordance with the diameter decrease of the workpiece.
Die Erfindung wird anschließend anhand eines in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels noch näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen ist das Folgende dargestellt:
- Fig. 1
- ist eine Darstellung des Schleifens "unter der Mitte" nach dem Stand der Technik.
- Fig. 2
- zeigt die Vorgehensweise gemäß der Erfindung.
- Fig. 2a
- zeigt die Funktion der Vorrichtung gemäß
Fig. 2 bei entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung der Schleifscheibe. - Fig. 3
- ist eine zu
Fig. 2 gehörende Teilansicht von oben auf eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung. - Fig. 4
- dient zur Erläuterung der Vorgehensweise bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei die Darstellung schematisch ist und nicht die tatsächliche Zuordnung der Einzelteile zueinander zeigt.
- Fig. 5a und 5b
- erläutern Einzelheiten einer Regelscheibe.
- Fig. 6
- zeigt eine Einzelheit an der Eingangsseite der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
- Fig. 1
- FIG. 12 is an illustration of the "under center" grinding of the prior art. FIG.
- Fig. 2
- shows the procedure according to the invention.
- Fig. 2a
- shows the function of the device according to
Fig. 2 in the opposite direction of rotation of the grinding wheel. - Fig. 3
- is one too
Fig. 2 belonging partial view from above of a device according to the invention. - Fig. 4
- serves to explain the procedure in a device according to the invention, wherein the representation is schematic and does not show the actual assignment of the individual parts to each other.
- Fig. 5a and 5b
- explain details of a regulating wheel.
- Fig. 6
- shows a detail on the input side of the device according to the invention.
Gemäß
Die in
Bei der in
Erweiterte Bearbeitungsmöglichkeiten ergeben sich aus der Bauweise, die in den
Über die Regeischeiben-Spindel 16 werden alle Regelscheiben 3 gemeinsam in Rotation versetzt, ebenso alle Schleifscheiben 5 über die gemeinsame Schleifscheiben-Spindel 17.About the
Das in
Die Vorteile der geänderten Anordnung sind sofort aus
Zur Verdeutlichung dieses Sachverhalts ist in den
Die in Axialrichtung gegenseitig versetzte Anordnung der Regel- und Schleifscheiben 3, 5 bedeutet für das Werkstück 1, dass die Gefahr einer wenn auch geringen Durchbiegung besteht, die im schlimmsten Fall das Schleifergebnis verschlechtern könnte. Dem wird einmal dadurch entgegengewirkt, dass die Durchmesser der Regelscheiben- und Schleifscheiben-Spindel 16, 17 verhältnismäßig groß dimensioniert werden. Zum anderen wird die axiale Breite b3 der Regelscheiben 3 größer ausgeführt als die axiale Breite b5 der Schleifscheiben 5, damit die beim Schleifen in radialer Richtung wirkende hohe Zustellkraft der Schleifscheiben 5 mit Sicherheit von den Regelscheiben 3 aufgenommen werden kann.The arrangement of the control and grinding
In dem Bestreben, Biegekräfte von dem Werkstück 1 fernzuhalten, muss auch die Weite s18 des axialen Spaltes 18 möglichst gering gehalten werden, der in den seitlichen Überdeckungsbereichen 19 zwischen den Regelscheiben 3 und den Schleifscheiben 5 besteht. Eine allgemein gültige Vorschrift lässt sich hierfür nicht aufstellen; es ist aber durch Versuche ohne größeren Aufwand zuverlässig festzustellen, wie gering die Spaltweite s18 sein kann, ohne dass die Regel- und Schleifscheiben 3, 5 sich selbst im dauernden Fertigungsbetrieb gegenseitig in ihrer Funktion beeinträchtigen oder sogar berühren. Ein Richtwert für die Praxis kann beispielsweise der Bereich zwischen 0,5 bis 2 mm sein.In an effort to keep bending forces of the
In
Der in
Das Stützlineal 7 muss an diese Abnahme des Werkstück-Durchmessers angepasst sein. Hierzu kann es über die ganze Länge der Schleifstrecke schräg gestellt sein oder aus einzelnen angepassten Abschnitten bestehen, die in der Durchlaufrichtung 22 schrittweise immer ein Stück weiter in den Schleifkanal 15 hineinragen. Die Abnahme des Werkstück-Durchmessers ist in
Die Schleifscheiben 5 sind galvanisch belegte, keramisch gebundene oder metallgebundene CBN-Schleifscheiben, die wegen ihrer hohen Zerspanleistung und ihrer Standfestigkeit bevorzugt werden. Die Regelscheiben 3 haben einen Grundkörper aus Stahl und sind an ihrem Außenumfang mit einem Reibbelag versehen, der aus einer galvanisch gebundenen CBN-Schicht bestehen kann. Der Reibbelag wird dabei zweckmäßig als Gewindeprofil 25 ausgebildet, vgl.
Am Eingang E der Schleifstrecke ist eine weitere Einrichtung 29 angeordnet, die aus einem Auflageprisma 30 und einer Andrückrolle 31 besteht, zwischen denen das stangenförmige Werkstück 1 hindurchläuft, vgl.
Wenn das stangenförmige Werkstück 1 die Einrichtung 29 zum Vorzentrieren passiert hat, gelangt es als nächstes in den Wirkungsbereich einer Eingangs-Stützscheibe 26. Diese ist drehfest auf der Regelscheiben-Spindel 16 montiert, den Regelscheiben 3 vorangestellt und zusammen mit diesen zur Drehung angetrieben. Die Eingangs-Stützscheibe 26 ist mit einem elastischen Umfangsbelag 27 versehen und kann die Seitenabweichung eines unrunden Werkstücks 1 ausgleichen, wenn dieses als Rohstab mit seinem vorderen Ende in die Schleifstrecke eintritt. Auf diese Weise wird auch das unrunde Werkstück 1 sicher in den Schleifspalt 15 eingeführt.When the rod-shaped
Am Ausgang A der Schleifstrecke ist auf der Seite der Schleifscheiben 5 eine Ausgangs-Stützscheibe 28 vorgesehen. Sie ist frei drehbar auf der Schieifscheiben-Spindel 17 gelagert, wird also nicht zusammen mit den Schleifscheiben 5 angetrieben. Die Ausgangs-Stützscheibe 28 kann aus Stahl bestehen und erhält ihren Drehantrieb durch Berührung mit dem Werkstück 1; sie hat kein Gewindeprofil auf ihrem Umfang. Die Aufgabe der Ausgangs-Stützscheibe 28 besteht darin, die Kräfte auszugleichen, die auf das stangenförmige Werkstück 1 am Ausgang A der Schleifstrecke einwirken. Eine Schleifscheibe 5 als letzte Scheibe würde eine zu hohe Seitenkraft auf das Werkstück 1 ausüben und dieses seitlich ausbiegen. Ähnlich wäre es mit einer angetriebenen Regelscheibe 3 als letzter Scheibe. Die Anordnung einer Ausgangs-Stützscheibe 28 aus Stahl ist besonders bei Verwendung von CBN-Schleifscheiben sinnvoll; denn bei diesen verringert sich der Durchmesser im Laufe ihrer Nutzungsdauer nur in einem sehr geringen Maße; die Wirkung der Ausgangs-Stützscheibe 28 bleibt dann nahezu unverändert.At the output A of the grinding section, an
Ein nicht dargestellter Regelscheiben-Support bewirkt die radiale Zustellung der Regelscheiben-Spindel 16 mit allen ihren Regelscheiben 3 und der Eingangs-Stützscheibe 26 an das Werkstück; ebenso dient ein nicht dargestellter Schleifscheiben-Support zur radialen Zustellung der Schleifscheiben-Spindel 17 mit allen ihren Schleifscheiben 5. Im Schleifbetrieb muss die Stellung der Regel- und Schleifscheiben 3, 5 radial zum Werkstück 1 nicht oder nur unwesentlich verändert werden, weil der Durchmesser der CBN-Schleifscheiben 5 im Laufe ihrer Nutzungsdauer nahezu unverändert bleibt. Eine erneute Zustellung wird erst beim Wechsel der Schleifscheiben 5 erforderlich oder wenn ein Wechsel auf Werkstücke mit einem anderen Durchmesser erfolgt. Ein ständiges Nachstellen von Schleif- und Regelscheibe 3, 5, entsprechend dem abnehmenden Werkstück-Durchmesser ist beim Durchlauf-Schleifverfahren ohnehin nicht erforderlich, weil das stangenförmige Werkstück 1 ja statt dessen durch einen stufenweise enger werdenden Schleifspalt 15 hindurchwandert.An unillustrated regulating wheel support causes the radial delivery of the
- 11
- stangenförmiges Werkstückrod-shaped workpiece
- 22
- Längsachse des WerkstücksLongitudinal axis of the workpiece
- 33
- RegelscheibeRegulating wheel
- 44
- Drehachse der RegelscheibeRotary axis of the regulating wheel
- 55
- Schleifscheibegrinding wheel
- 66
- Drehachse der SchleifscheibeRotary axis of the grinding wheel
- 77
- Auflagelinealedition ruler
- 88th
- Stützfläche des AuflagelinealsSupport surface of the support ruler
- 99
- Zustellrichtung der RegelscheibeFeed direction of the regulating wheel
- 1010
- Zustellrichtung der SchleifscheibeFeed direction of the grinding wheel
- 1111
- Drehrichtung der RegelscheibeDirection of rotation of the regulating wheel
- 1212
- Drehrichtung der SchleifscheibeDirection of rotation of the grinding wheel
- 1313
- Drehrichtung des WerkstücksDirection of rotation of the workpiece
- 1414
- Bezugsebenereference plane
- 1515
- Schleifspaltgrinding gap
- 1616
- Regelscheiben-SpindelRegulating wheel spindle
- 1717
- Schleifscheiben-SpindelGrinding wheel spindle
- 1818
- axialer Spaltaxial gap
- 1919
- seitlicher Überdeckungsbereichlateral coverage area
- 2020
- Umschließungsdreieck (Stand der Technik)Surrounding triangle (prior art)
- 2121
- Umschließungsdreieck (Erfindung)Enclosure triangle (invention)
- 2222
- Durchlaufrichtung des WerkstücksPassage direction of the workpiece
- 2323
- Zwischenraumgap
- 2424
- Zwischenraumgap
- 2525
- Gewindeprofilthread profile
- 2626
- Eingangs-StützscheibeInput support disc
- 2727
- elastischer Umfangsbelagelastic peripheral coating
- 2828
- Ausgangs-StützscheibeOutput support disc
- 2929
- Einrichtung zum VorzentrierenDevice for pre-centering
- 3030
- Auflageprismasupport prism
- 3131
- Andrückrollecapstan
- AA
- Ausgang der SchleifstreckeOutput of the grinding section
- Ee
- Eingang der SchleifstreckeEntrance of the grinding track
- d2Ed2E
- Werkstück-Dmr. Am Eingang der SchleifstreckeWorkpiece Dmr. At the entrance of the grinding track
- d2Ad2A
- Werkstück-Dmr. Am Ausgang der SchleifstreckeWorkpiece Dmr. At the exit of the grinding section
- b3b3
- axiale Breite der Regelscheibenaxial width of the regulating wheels
- b5b5
- axiale Breite der Schleifscheibenaxial width of the grinding wheels
- s18s18
- Weite des axialen SpaltsWidth of the axial gap
Claims (18)
- Centerless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding workpieces in rod form with a cylindrical outer contour using the throughfeed grinding process, in which machine the following features are provided:a) a multiple set of regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) which are driven rotationally and are arranged such that they are opposed to one another on both sides of the workpiece (1) and have rotational axes (4, 6) which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis (2) of said workpiece (1);b) in grinding operation, the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) are set in a manner which is active for driving and grinding against the workpiece (1) which runs through the multiple set in its longitudinal direction (2);c) a work rest blade (7) which supports the workpiece (1) is arranged within the widening grinding gap (15) which is formed by the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5), in such a way that, in relation to a reference plane (14) which extends through the rotational axes (4, 6) of the grinding and regulating wheels (3, 5), the longitudinal axis (2) of the workpiece (1) is always situated such that it is moved away from said reference plane (14) within a part region of the grinding gap (15) between the reference plane (14) and the supporting face (8) of the work rest blade (7);d) each of the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) is situated at a lateral spacing from its adjacently arranged wheel, the cylindrical grinding machine being
characterized in that the following further features are provided:e) the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) are arranged such that they are offset in the axial direction with respect to one another;f) the regulating wheels (3) project into the axial intermediate spaces (24) between the grinding wheels (5) and vice versa. - Cylindrical grinding machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the basic pattern of the multiple set comprises in each case one row of two or more wheels (3, 5), of which one row with regulating wheels (3) is arranged on one side of the workpiece (1) and the other row with grinding wheels (5) is arranged so as to lie opposite on the other side of the workpiece (1).
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the following features are provided:a) the wheels (3, 5) of each row are arranged per se on a common spindle (16, 17) and are driven rotationally;b) a device is provided for each row, which device brings about the common radial setting movement of all the wheels (3, 5) of one row independently of the radial setting movement of the other row;c) the regulating wheels (3) and grinding wheels (5) have diameters which increase in a stepped manner in the axial throughfeed direction (22) of the workpiece (1), in accordance with the grinding progress;d) the work rest blade (7) is likewise adapted with its supporting face (8) to the diameter of the workpiece (1), which diameter decreases in its longitudinal direction (2).
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lateral overlap regions (19) of the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) are separated from one another by axial gaps (18), the width (s18) of which is only so great that the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) do not mutually impair their function or even make contact, even during continuous production operation.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the axial width (b5) of the grinding wheels (5) is smaller than the axial width (b3) of the regulating wheels (3).
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the grinding wheels (5) are galvanically coated CBN grinding wheels.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the grinding wheels (5) are ceramically bonded CBN grinding wheels.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the grinding wheels (5) are metal-bonded CBN grinding wheels.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the regulating wheels (3) comprise steel.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to Claim 9, characterized in that, on their outer circumference, the regulating wheels (3) are provided with a thread profile (25) which, in a similar manner to a conveying worm, exerts an axial thrust on the workpiece (1) in the direction of the throughfeed direction (22).
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the outer circumference of the regulating wheel (3) or the thread profile is configured as a friction lining by being formed by a different material than steel.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to Claim 11, characterized in that the outer circumference of the regulating wheel (3) or the thread profile is formed by a galvanically bound CBN layer.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 3 to 12, characterized in that an inlet support wheel (26) with an elastic circumferential covering (27) is arranged at the inlet (E) of the multiple set in the row of the regulating wheels (3), in front of the latter, which inlet support wheel (26), together with the regulating wheels (3), is fastened on the regulating wheel spindle (16) and is driven rotationally by the latter.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 3 to 13, characterized in that an outlet support wheel (28) made from steel is mounted freely rotatably on the grinding wheel spindle (17) at the outlet (A) of the multiple set in the row of the grinding wheels (5), behind the latter.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a device (29) for precentering the rod-shaped workpiece (1) which is running through is arranged in front of the multiple set, which device (29) comprises a supporting prism (30) and a pressure roller (31) which is assigned to the latter.
- Cylindrical grinding machine according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that said cylindrical grinding machine is provided with a device at the start of the workpiece movement path, which device imparts a forward thrust to the workpiece in its longitudinal and movement direction.
- Method for the centerless cylindrical grinding of workpieces in rod form with a cylindrical outer contour using the throughfeed grinding process, which method takes place by way of the following method steps:a) the rod-shaped workpiece (1) is given a movement drive in its longitudinal direction (2) and runs through a grinding gap (15) which is formed by a multiple set of rotating regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) and by a work rest blade (7);b) here, the position of the workpiece (1) in the radial direction in the widening grinding gap (15) is fixed according to a reference plane (14) which is placed through the rotational and drive axes (4, 6) of the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5), the workpiece longitudinal axis (2) having to be situated such that it is moved away from said reference plane (14) within a part region of the grinding gap (15) between the reference plane (14) and the supporting face (8) of the work rest blade (7); the method being characterized in that the following further features are provided:c) the jointly driven regulating wheels (3) are situated at axial spacings from one another on a common grinding wheel spindle (16) which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis (2) of the workpiece (1), and set the workpiece (1) in rotation;d) the jointly driven grinding wheels (5) are likewise arranged at axial spacings from one another on a common grinding wheel spindle (17) which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis (2) of the workpiece (1), and grind the workpiece (1);e) the regulating and grinding wheels (3, 5) are arranged such that they are offset in the axial direction with respect to one another and are adjacent in the radial direction so closely that the regulating wheels (3) project into the axial intermediate spaces (24) between the grinding wheels (5) and vice versa;f) the regulating wheels (3) and grinding wheels (5) have diameters which increase in a stepped manner in the throughfeed direction (22) of the workpiece (1), in accordance with the grinding progress, and the work rest blade (7) is likewise adapted with its supporting face (8) to the diameter of the workpiece (1), which diameter decreases in its longitudinal direction.
- Method for the centerless cylindrical grinding according to Claim 17, characterized in that the movement direction of the grinding wheel circumference, at the point of its contact with the workpiece (1), extends in the direction of the reference plane (14).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010010758.1A DE102010010758B4 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2010-03-09 | Centerless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding bar-shaped workpieces and method for centerless cylindrical grinding of bar-shaped workpieces |
PCT/EP2011/053396 WO2011110529A1 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-07 | Centreless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding workpieces in rod form and method for the centreless cylindrical grinding of workpieces in rod form |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2544857A1 EP2544857A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
EP2544857B1 true EP2544857B1 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
Family
ID=44063209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11707835.2A Active EP2544857B1 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-07 | Centreless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding workpieces in rod form and method for the centreless cylindrical grinding of workpieces in rod form |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8944891B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2544857B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5826196B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101719535B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102933351B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012022825B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2792670C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010010758B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2455975T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2551747C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011110529A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013214226B4 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2018-06-21 | Erwin Junker Grinding Technology A.S. | METHOD FOR CENTERLESS GRINDING OF SHAFT PARTS, PARTICULARLY TUBES FOR BUILT-IN CAM WAVES, AND PROCESSED GRINDING WHEEL AND PULLEY PAD |
CN104842229B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2017-03-01 | 重庆跃进机械厂有限公司 | Long rod part centreless grinding processing method |
CN107378664A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-11-24 | 格林精密部件(苏州)有限公司 | A kind of torque arm is ground Anti-bouncing device |
DE102018103371B4 (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2019-11-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Regulating roll for a continuous grinding machine for driving a roll to be ground, continuous grinding machine with the control roll and the roll and method for grinding the roll with the continuous grinding machine |
CN108555772A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-21 | 德清阳瑞光学科技有限公司 | Cylindrical lenses grinder |
CN110039413A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-23 | 东莞金坤新材料股份有限公司 | Round as a ball device is ground for square magnetic substance |
CN110370140B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-08-13 | 贵州大学 | Multifunctional double-spindle centerless grinding machine |
CN113084599B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-12-21 | 成都光明光电股份有限公司 | Processing method of glass rod |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2043972A (en) * | 1925-03-02 | 1936-06-09 | Motch Merryweather Machinery | Centerless grinding machinery |
DE478720C (en) * | 1926-09-26 | 1929-07-01 | August Enders Akt Ges | Grinding of long thin round bars between unidirectional rotating grinding or transport disks arranged opposite one another |
GB431471A (en) * | 1932-12-05 | 1935-07-05 | Cincinnati Grinders Inc | Improvements in or relating to centreless lapping machines |
US2436252A (en) * | 1946-01-18 | 1948-02-17 | Duncan Lane | Grinding apparatus and process |
DE801500C (en) * | 1949-01-30 | 1951-01-08 | Herminghausen Werke G M B H | Device for the simultaneous processing of two lateral grinding points on workpieces to be ground on centerless cylindrical grinding machines using two grinding wheels |
US2939253A (en) * | 1958-04-28 | 1960-06-07 | Woodruff & Stokes Company | Centerless grinding and boring apparatus |
US3079741A (en) * | 1961-03-27 | 1963-03-05 | Cincinnati Milling Machine Co | Method for grinding |
SU576200A1 (en) * | 1976-02-10 | 1977-10-15 | Витебский Станкостроительный Завод Им. С.М.Кирова | Centreless circular grinding machine |
US4194323A (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1980-03-25 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Centerless grinder |
SU852504A1 (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-08-07 | За витель А. Б. Черенов | Apparatus for centreless working |
CH669549A5 (en) * | 1986-07-21 | 1989-03-31 | Tschudin Werkzeugmasch | |
JPH01110054U (en) * | 1988-01-20 | 1989-07-25 | ||
JP2747419B2 (en) * | 1994-03-09 | 1998-05-06 | ミクロン精密株式会社 | Grinding method for ultra-fine stepped shaft and grinding machine |
JP3215343B2 (en) * | 1997-02-20 | 2001-10-02 | 光洋機械工業株式会社 | Centerless grinding machine and centerless grinding method |
DE10100871C1 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2002-06-20 | Sms Eumuco Gmbh | Headless grinding machine, for grinding long workpieces, has second grindstone saddle fitted in running direction of workpiece and independent of first saddle |
JP2008307608A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-25 | Micron Seimitsu Kk | Centerless grinder |
CN201224054Y (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-04-22 | 周国芳 | Autoloader of centreless grinder |
JP5371296B2 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2013-12-18 | Ntn株式会社 | Threaded drum grinding method |
CN201261149Y (en) * | 2008-10-05 | 2009-06-24 | 韦星野 | Plastic spiral centreless grinding bush of thin wall cylinder jacket |
CN101433984B (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2011-01-05 | 周良财 | Centreless ball screw grinding machine and grinding technique thereof |
CN201329524Y (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2009-10-21 | 陈显国 | Automatic loading and unloading device of centerless grinder |
-
2010
- 2010-03-09 DE DE102010010758.1A patent/DE102010010758B4/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-03-07 CA CA2792670A patent/CA2792670C/en active Active
- 2011-03-07 KR KR1020127025054A patent/KR101719535B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-03-07 ES ES11707835.2T patent/ES2455975T3/en active Active
- 2011-03-07 US US13/583,885 patent/US8944891B2/en active Active
- 2011-03-07 WO PCT/EP2011/053396 patent/WO2011110529A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-03-07 CN CN201180023146.2A patent/CN102933351B/en active Active
- 2011-03-07 RU RU2012142822/02A patent/RU2551747C2/en active
- 2011-03-07 BR BR112012022825-0A patent/BR112012022825B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-03-07 JP JP2012556476A patent/JP5826196B2/en active Active
- 2011-03-07 EP EP11707835.2A patent/EP2544857B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5826196B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
CA2792670C (en) | 2018-04-17 |
KR101719535B1 (en) | 2017-03-24 |
EP2544857A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
BR112012022825A2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
ES2455975T3 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
KR20130004914A (en) | 2013-01-14 |
JP2013521147A (en) | 2013-06-10 |
US8944891B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
DE102010010758B4 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
US20130165022A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
DE102010010758A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
WO2011110529A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
BR112012022825B1 (en) | 2020-11-17 |
RU2551747C2 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
CN102933351B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
RU2012142822A (en) | 2014-04-20 |
CA2792670A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
CN102933351A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2544857B1 (en) | Centreless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding workpieces in rod form and method for the centreless cylindrical grinding of workpieces in rod form | |
DE10234707A1 (en) | Method and device for grinding a rotationally symmetrical machine component | |
EP2931471B1 (en) | Method and cylindrical grinding machine for centerless cylindrical grinding | |
EP1533078B1 (en) | Devided grinding tool | |
DE102010005718B4 (en) | Wire guide roller for use in wire saws | |
DE10338682A1 (en) | Surface treatment brush finishing tool has bristles of different length | |
EP1743737A1 (en) | Flow path sanding machine for processing a plane workpiece surface | |
DE3509004A1 (en) | Belt-grinding machine | |
DE2614843C2 (en) | Copy grinder | |
EP1975288B1 (en) | Spinning machine | |
EP0102014B1 (en) | Rolling mill stand for rolling off strip material with different widths | |
DE3639264C2 (en) | Device for copy grinding and smoothing cylindrical and spherical surfaces | |
DE2113713B2 (en) | DEVICE FOR ALIGNING LONG EXTENDED WORKPIECES SUCH AS BARS OR TUBES | |
DE465862C (en) | Grinding of the flat faces of rotating bodies, in particular cylindrical rollers, round disks and rings | |
DE102008025120B3 (en) | Divided cylindrical grinding wheel e.g. diamond-grinding wheel, for grinding spindle, has partial grinding disks stay in surface-contact in axial direction via spacer ramps, so that disks are rotated relative to each other around axis | |
WO2002055262A1 (en) | Centreless grinder for the throughfeed grinding of longitudinal workpieces, using two grinding discs | |
DE10100870C1 (en) | Headless grinding machine operating process involves setting grindstone against fixed correcting unit so that it is constantly forcibly corrected | |
DE1017936B (en) | Device for centerless grinding of round bars or tubes | |
DE1281302B (en) | Billet grinder | |
DE84043C (en) | ||
AT138300B (en) | Method and device for processing rolls, in particular grooved rolls for pilgrim step rolling mills, as well as roll grooves. | |
DE3329405C2 (en) | Automatic cylindrical grinding machine, especially for cylindrical grinding of profiled workpieces in the groove | |
EP1172166A1 (en) | Multiple parts milling tool and milling method | |
DE19828063B4 (en) | Method for cylindrical grinding of workpieces | |
DE19920189A1 (en) | Centerless circular grinding machine for rotary-symmetrical workpieces, with regulating disk and one grinding disk rotating one way and other grinding disk other way |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20120926 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20131022 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 654502 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20140315 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2455975 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20140416 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502011002301 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140417 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: VDEP Effective date: 20140305 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140605 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140605 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140705 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502011002301 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140707 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140307 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140331 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140331 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20141208 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502011002301 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20141208 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140606 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20110307 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140307 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140331 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 654502 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20160307 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160307 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140305 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20230414 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20230525 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20240228 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240318 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20240322 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240320 Year of fee payment: 14 |