EP2516741B2 - Ultra smooth and recyclable printing sheet and its manufacturing process - Google Patents

Ultra smooth and recyclable printing sheet and its manufacturing process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2516741B2
EP2516741B2 EP10809308.9A EP10809308A EP2516741B2 EP 2516741 B2 EP2516741 B2 EP 2516741B2 EP 10809308 A EP10809308 A EP 10809308A EP 2516741 B2 EP2516741 B2 EP 2516741B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
printable
face
sheet
substrate
Prior art date
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Application number
EP10809308.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2516741A1 (en
EP2516741B1 (en
Inventor
Gaël DEPRES
Jean-Marie Vau
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AW Branding Ltd
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AW Branding Ltd
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Publication of EP2516741B1 publication Critical patent/EP2516741B1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
    • D21H27/22—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/66—Coatings characterised by a special visual effect, e.g. patterned, textured
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/80—Paper comprising more than one coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp
    • D21H23/06—Controlling the addition
    • D21H23/08—Controlling the addition by measuring pulp properties, e.g. zeta potential, pH
    • D21H23/10—Controlling the addition by measuring pulp properties, e.g. zeta potential, pH at least two kinds of compounds being added
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/66—Treating discontinuous paper, e.g. sheets, blanks, rolls
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/70—Multistep processes; Apparatus for adding one or several substances in portions or in various ways to the paper, not covered by another single group of this main group
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/70—Multistep processes; Apparatus for adding one or several substances in portions or in various ways to the paper, not covered by another single group of this main group
    • D21H23/72—Plural serial stages only
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/001—Release paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/002—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper
    • D21H27/004—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper characterised by specific parameters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a smooth or ultra-smooth and recyclable printable sheet, as well as its manufacturing process.
  • This sheet can be used in distinct fields such as those of packaging, electronics, optics, or the graphic arts, for example as a printing medium, in particular for a photographic image.
  • an ultra smooth sheet can be manufactured by laminating a plastic film on one side of a paper, this plastic film defining an ultra smooth side on the paper.
  • the base paper is formed from a fibrous material whose faces have a relatively high roughness, of the order of about 20 ⁇ m, that is to say that each of its faces is formed of bumps and hollows whose height which separates them is of the order of 20 ⁇ m.
  • the lamination of a plastic film on one face of such a paper makes it possible to give this face a very low roughness, of the order of 1 ⁇ m in the case of a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
  • paper Since paper is a relatively expensive material and produced on a large scale, it is important that it be recyclable. However, a paper-based sheet, ultra smooth because comprising a plastic film, is not recyclable or is difficult to recycle, which is therefore neither ecological nor economical. Indeed, during the recycling of paper-based sheets, these sheets are crushed and mixed with water in a pulper to form a pulp. In the case where these sheets include plastic films, these films are shredded in the pulper and their plastic material pollutes the pulp.
  • Such an ultra smooth sheet is not printable and a printable resin must be deposited on the plastic film of the sheet to make it printable.
  • This technique is used in particular to manufacture paper-based sheets for printing photographic images (called resin-coated photographic papers ), these sheets comprising a PE (polyethylene) film and having a Bekk smoothness of the order from 6000s.
  • a smooth sheet can also be manufactured by depositing a coating composition on one side of a paper, this composition defining after drying a smooth side on the paper.
  • This technique makes it possible to manufacture a smooth sheet without plastic film.
  • the composition is deposited on the paper by a curtain coating technique, by dragging or scraping blade, by air knife, by gravure printing or even by rollers ( size press, film press, etc.)
  • the face of the base paper, on which the coating composition is deposited comprises an alternation of hollows and bumps, the hollows being filled with the coating composition and the bumps being flattened during coating, which makes it possible to reduce the roughness of the paper.
  • this technique does not make it possible to obtain a sheet as smooth as a sheet covered with a plastic film, even if this sheet is subsequently smoothed, for example by calendering.
  • the method currently used for making a smooth and glossy sheet consists in depositing a coating composition on a base paper by means of a mechanical roller, the cylindrical surface of which is very smooth and covered with a layer of chromium.
  • the Bekk smoothness of a sheet obtained by this process is of the order of 50 s and is therefore however lower than that of a sheet comprising a plastic film (of the order of 6000 s in the case of a PE film) .
  • the object of the invention is in particular to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to the problems of the prior techniques.
  • a smooth sheet also called ultra smooth within the meaning of the invention, the smoothness of this sheet being independent of the roughness of the paper or more generally of the base substrate used, and the sheet does not comprising no plastic film and therefore being at least partly recyclable, or even biodegradable.
  • the multilayer structure is prepared prior to the implementation of the process for manufacturing the printable sheet.
  • the multilayer structure is provided for carrying out the process for manufacturing the printable sheet.
  • the smooth or ultra-smooth face of the sheet is defined by a printable layer which is prepared on a plastic film called a “donor”, said printable layer being, at this stage, included in a multilayer structure, then is transferred. on the base substrate called "receiver".
  • the smoothness of the printable layer and therefore of the sheet is induced by that of the plastic film of the multilayer structure, and therefore does not depend on that of the base substrate used.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to transfer the surface state of a plastic film onto any substrate.
  • the invention makes it possible to manufacture a smooth or ultra-smooth sheet from any substrate, such as advantageously a rough paper and / or having a relatively large hand, for example greater than or equal to 1.10 cm 3 / g, and without including a plastic film in the sheet thus produced.
  • the sheet prepared by the process according to the invention is therefore both printable and recyclable.
  • printable sheet and by substrate intended for the preparation of the printable sheet is meant a thin element (the thickness of which does not exceed 500 ⁇ m), preferably flexible and / or flexible.
  • printable sheet or layer is meant a sheet or layer that can be printed by any printing technique, and in particular by offset printing, inkjet, laser, gravure, fléxo, dry toner, liquid toner, electrophotography, lithography. , etc.
  • a printable layer typically comprises a mixture of pigments and at least one binder, or is formed of a printable varnish based on polymer (s) of the acrylic, vinyl, polyurethane, styrenic, starch or polyvinyl alcohol type. , ethylene, or a mixture of these polymers.
  • the ink is intended to be deposited on the smooth or ultra-smooth free face of the printable sheet or of the printable layer.
  • the term “recyclable sheet” is understood to mean a sheet which is free from plastic film, for example made from thermoplastic or thermosetting material.
  • the printing of the printable layer does not cause any structural modification thereof, and in particular a change of state or phase thereof (such as for example a passage from a solid state to a liquid state then return to the solid state).
  • a multilayer structure of the invention prepared or supplied within the scope of the process according to the invention comprises in particular, or consists of, a lower plastic film, an intermediate non-stick layer and a printable upper layer.
  • the release layer covers at least part of the top side of the plastic film, and the printable layer covers at least part of the top side of the release layer.
  • the plastic film serves as a manufacturing support for the printable layer. This film does not remain in the final product, namely the sheet, which is therefore recyclable.
  • the upper face of the film (located on the side of the printable layer) is advantageously as smooth as possible, since the surface quality of the smooth face of the sheet, defined by the printable layer, is a function of the surface quality of this face top of the plastic film. In other words, the smoother the plastic film of the multilayer structure, the smoother the sheet obtained.
  • the plastic film is chosen from a film of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polymer based on polylactic acid (PLA), any polymer based on cellulose, etc.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • the film has for example a thickness of the order of 12 ⁇ m.
  • the plastic film is free and / or is not covered with PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PP (polypropylene), teflon, silica, boron nitride, stearo chromium chlorides or any other product having non-stick / non-stick properties.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PP polypropylene
  • teflon silica
  • boron nitride boron nitride
  • stearo chromium chlorides any other product having non-stick / non-stick properties.
  • the film face located on the printable layer side is preferably smooth and may have a Bekk smoothness greater than 10,000s Bekk.
  • the thickness, hardness and glass transition temperature of the plastic film have little or no influence on the characteristics of the printable layer. Only the smoothness, or conversely, the roughness of the plastic film has an influence on the smoothness or roughness of the printable layer. The smoother the plastic film, the smoother the printable layer. Those skilled in the art are, however, able to determine which characteristics of the plastic film are liable to influence the surface condition of the printable layer, and to optimize these characteristics as a function of the final smoothness that it is desired to obtain for this. printable layer.
  • the non-stick layer of the multilayer structure is deposited on the plastic film by any technique, for example by gravure printing.
  • the function of this release layer is to limit the adhesion of the printable layer to the plastic film and to facilitate the separation and removal of the plastic film from the printable layer in step c / of the process defined above.
  • the non-stick layer does not or only slightly modify the smoothness and the surface quality of the face plastic film, on which this layer is deposited.
  • the release layer can adhere more to the plastic film than to the printable layer, so that a major part or even all of this release layer remains stuck on the plastic film, when it is removed from the printable layer. However, parts or traces of this release layer may persist on the printable layer after removing the plastic film.
  • the release layer can adhere more to the printable layer than to the plastic film, and is then intended to remain at least partially on the printable layer during the removal of the plastic film.
  • the release layer is intended to substantially divide into two parts upon removal of the plastic film, a first part remaining on the plastic film and a second part remaining on the printable layer.
  • the multilayer structure can include two non-stick layers superimposed between the plastic film and the printable layer, these two layers being intended to separate from each other during the removal of the plastic film (one of the non-stick layers remaining on the plastic film and the other non-stick layer remaining on the printable layer).
  • Leaving part or all of a release layer on the printable layer is particularly advantageous when the sheet is intended to be used as a support in a casting application.
  • the casting application consists in extruding and casting at least one polymer (such as polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc.) on a support coated with a non-stick layer.
  • This polymer can have a textured surface to give the sheet a particular appearance (eg, similar to leather).
  • the fact of leaving a non-stick layer on the sheet according to the invention avoids having to redeposit such a layer on this sheet for a casting application, and is therefore advantageous in particular in terms of cost and time of preparation of the support for the coating. casting application.
  • the non-stick layer has a thickness less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m and preferably to 1 ⁇ m.
  • the non-stick layer can be composed of silicone (s), siloxane (s), polysiloxane (s) or its derivatives, Werner complex (s), such as chromium stearochlorides, or polyethylene waxes, propylene waxes, polyurethane, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.
  • the non-stick layer does not include PVDF.
  • the printable layer of the multilayer structure can be chosen from a printable varnish, a paper coating, etc.
  • printable varnish is meant a substance based on acrylic polymer, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, d starch, etc. This substance is generally deposited in liquid form and solidified by drying / heating or by UV or electronic radiation.
  • paper coating or coating composition is understood to mean a composition comprising a binder and pigments.
  • the binder may be based on acrylic, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, or a mixture of these. this.
  • the pigments can be chosen from calcium carbonates, kaolins, titanium dioxide, talc, silicas, mica, and pearly particles, plastic pigments (polystyrene (PS), polyurethane (PU), etc.), and their mixtures.
  • the level of binder relative to the pigments is between 5 and 50% approximately, and preferably between 8 and 25%, by dry weight.
  • Pigments are generally in the majority compared to the binder in a papermaking coating, in order to create porosities which improve ink absorption.
  • the binders are in the majority compared to the pigments because the objective is not to have surface porosity.
  • the plastic material used in the printable layer (as a binder and / or pigments) is easily fragmented and does not pollute the pulp when it is recycled. On the contrary, the plastic films keep a cohesion and clog the filters during the resuspension of the paper pulp.
  • Water-soluble binders (such as starch, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), etc.) are particularly advantageous in this regard because they disperse in water during recycling.
  • the papermaking coating may further comprise a dispersant and / or a rheological modifier and / or a colorant and / or a surfactant or spreader and / or a conductive additive.
  • This conductive additive can be used to reduce the surface resistivity of the sheet.
  • the printable layer is free from an anti-adhesive agent and / or product capable of reducing the surface energy of the layer, such as a silicone material or the like, PVDF, PP, Teflon, silica. , boron nitride, etc.
  • an anti-adhesive agent and / or product capable of reducing the surface energy of the layer such as a silicone material or the like, PVDF, PP, Teflon, silica. , boron nitride, etc.
  • This type of agent or product may be necessary for one-layer thermal transfer printing, in particular to prevent paper from adhering to the printer ribbon.
  • the printable layer according to the invention may therefore not be printable by thermal transfer.
  • the printable layer can be formed from several sublayers superimposed on one another, each sublayer being printable and being chosen from the aforementioned types (printable varnish, papermaking coating, etc.).
  • the printable layer may have a thickness less than or equal to 30 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 15 ⁇ m, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m. Its weight is advantageously less than or equal at 30 g / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 15 g / m 2 , and more preferably less than or equal to 10 g / m 2 .
  • the printable layer can for example have a thickness and a basis weight which are less than or equal to the following combined values: 10 .mu.m and 10 g / m 2, 3 microns and 10 g / m 2, 2 .mu.m and 10 g / m 2, 5 .mu.m and 5 g / m 2, 3 ⁇ m and 5g / m 2 , 2 ⁇ m and 5g / m 2 , 5 ⁇ m and 2g / m 2 , 3 ⁇ m and 2 ⁇ / m 2 , or 2 ⁇ m and 2 ⁇ / m 2 .
  • the printable layer can be deposited on the release layer by any technique, for example by gravure printing.
  • the printable layer can be deposited on the non-stick layer in the liquid or semi-liquid state and then be solidified by drying, heating, or by UV or electronic radiation. After solidification and / or drying, the printable layer, which is in contact with the smooth face of the plastic film via the release layer, has a smooth face, located on the side of the plastic film.
  • the printable layer is therefore dried and / or solidified before its transfer to the substrate, in particular so as not to modify the surface state of this layer provided by the plastic film.
  • the multilayer structure is prepared prior to the transfer of the printable layer to the substrate, and the printable layer is in the solid and / or dry state during its transfer to the substrate, that is to say in steps b / and c / of the method according to the invention.
  • the surface condition of the printable layer is therefore created during the preparation of the multilayer structure.
  • the manufacture of the printable layer is therefore carried out independently of that of the base substrate.
  • the method comprises, before step a, a preliminary step consisting in producing, for example by engraving, hollow and / or raised patterns on the face of the plastic film intended to receive the non-stick layer and the printable layer, the printable layer being intended to match the shape of these patterns so as to include an imprint of the aforementioned face of the plastic film.
  • the multilayer structure can comprise at least one additional layer deposited on the printable layer, on the side opposite to the plastic film, the free face of this additional layer or of the additional layer furthest from the plastic film being intended, in step b / , to be glued and applied against the aforementioned face of the substrate.
  • the additional layer (s) may or may not be functional. They can for example be insulating (dielectric) or form a barrier (to gases, for example to oxygen, to liquids, for example to water, to greases, etc.).
  • the multilayer structure comprises a single additional layer
  • it is deposited on the upper face of the printable layer, that is to say on the face of the printable layer, located on the side opposite the plastic film of the multilayer structure.
  • This additional layer can be of any kind, and is therefore not necessarily printable.
  • these additional layers are superimposed on each other and deposited on the aforementioned upper face of the printable layer.
  • the technique (s) employed to deposit the additional layer (s) on the printable layer may be of the aforementioned types, or of any other type.
  • the multilayer structure can therefore comprise, in addition to the three aforementioned elements (a plastic film, a non-stick layer, and a printable layer), one or more additional layers, which are printable or not, on the printable layer (on the side opposite the plastic film ).
  • the multilayer structure may further comprise a layer or a film of adhesive covering the layer furthest from the plastic film (that is to say the printable layer or the additional layer (s)).
  • Step b / of the method according to the invention consists in gluing the face of the substrate intended to receive the printable layer, or the face of the multilayer structure, located on the side opposite to the plastic film, and in applying these faces against each other. the other, so as to fix them.
  • the substrate can be selected from paper, tracing paper, card stock, and coated or pre-coated paper.
  • the paper can have a relatively large hand greater than or equal to 1.10cm 3 / g, preferably greater than or equal to 1.2cm 3 / g, more preferably greater than or equal to 1.3cm 3 / g, more particularly greater than or equal to at 1.4cm 3 / g, and even more particularly greater than or equal to 1.5cm 3 / g.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce a sheet having both high hand and smoothness, which was not possible with the prior art. It was indeed not possible in the prior art to produce a sheet with a large hand and a high surface quality.
  • a substrate having a large hand can be formed from an inexpensive material.
  • the paper pulp used can comprise cellulose fibers, a binder, and a small proportion of fillers and / or adjuvants, such as starch.
  • the method according to the invention results in a slight decrease, from about 2 to 5%, in the handling of the paper substrate.
  • a smooth or ultra smooth sheet and having a large hand, produced with the method according to the invention has good printability and low basis weight, which allows packaging to be produced which are light but having relatively high rigidity.
  • step b / of the process the face to be coated with the substrate or the free face of the printable layer or of an additional layer of the multilayer structure, is glued using an appropriate glue.
  • the aforementioned two faces of the substrate and of the multilayer structure are glued simultaneously, or one after the other.
  • the sizing consists in depositing a layer of adhesive on the aforementioned face (s), by any technique, such as, for example, by gravure printing.
  • the glue can be of the thermal, non-thermal, UV crosslinking or chemical reaction type.
  • the glue can be deposited on the or on each aforementioned face in liquid or non-liquid form (in the case for example of a thermoadhesive film).
  • This adhesive is, for example, chosen from the following polymers: acrylic, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol or starch.
  • the or each layer of adhesive deposited may have a thickness less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m, and preferably less than or equal to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the glue is deposited on the aforementioned face of the multilayer structure during the preparation of this structure. This glue is then an integral part of the multilayer structure.
  • the glue can be formed by a heat-activatable adhesive layer, this layer being activated by heating during the application of the multilayer structure on the substrate (receiver).
  • the nature of the glue and the gluing process can have a significant influence on the final surface finish of the paper. For example, it is important for the adhesive to be deposited uniformly and to avoid the formation of cavities between the paper and the printable layer.
  • the deposit of the adhesive is preferably homogeneous to avoid excess and / or lack of adhesive in places, which would result in a final sheet having surface roughness.
  • the glue spreads perfectly on the support (film or paper) while having an adequate surface tension and rheology.
  • the way the glue is coated can also be important.
  • the coating methods which generate the least possible deposit heterogeneity, such as gravure (reverse roll or kiss coating) are preferred.
  • the deposit is preferably chosen to fill the pores or surface irregularities of the paper as much as possible.
  • a deposit of adhesive having a thickness of at least 10 ⁇ m is preferable to fill the pores.
  • the glue is preferably deposited on the paper when the latter is too rough. If the deposit on the paper is insufficient, then cavities form between the surface of the paper and the printable layer. During printing, these cavities will become points of weakness in the paper which can then either sink in, if you exert pressure, or tear off, if you exert traction.
  • the thickness of adhesive deposited on the paper and / or the printable layer is equal to at least half of the average surface roughness (for example Ra or Sa) of the paper.
  • the adhesive is deposited on at least one face of the substrate in step b /, and the thickness of the adhesive layer deposited is at least equal to half of the average roughness of the face of the substrate, and is preferably equal to this average roughness.
  • the glue can be water-based, solvent-free, solvent-free, two-component or one-component.
  • the glue makes it possible to fix the printable layer (or an additional layer) on the substrate and, if necessary, to compensate for the surface irregularities of the substrate.
  • the glue fills in particular the hollows of the face to be coated with the substrate and therefore makes it possible to flatten this face, without however modifying the characteristics of the substrate, such as its hand.
  • Step b / of the process then consists in applying the aforementioned face of the substrate to the aforementioned face of the multilayer structure, so as to laminate them or to laminate them.
  • the printable layer is then sandwiched between on the one hand the substrate and the adhesive (and if necessary one or more additional layers), on the one hand, and on the other hand the plastic film and the non-stick layer, on the other hand. 'other side.
  • the application of the substrate to the multilayer structure is carried out hot, at a given temperature, which is for example between 50 and 200 ° C. about.
  • a given temperature which is for example between 50 and 200 ° C. about.
  • the application and bonding of the substrate to the multilayer structure can be carried out at room temperature.
  • a slight pressure may be necessary to ensure good adhesion of the printable layer on the substrate, by means of the adhesive.
  • the temperature and / or the pressure used during application and bonding must not, however, modify the characteristics of the printable layer, and in particular the surface condition of its face located on the side of the plastic film.
  • the printable layer should not be softened by the application of a high temperature, as this could lead to a modification and / or a decrease in the surface quality of its face, located on the side of the plastic film.
  • Step c / of the process then consists in removing the plastic film from the printable layer and from the substrate, so that the printable layer (and where appropriate the aforementioned additional layer (s) of the multilayer structure) remain on the substrate .
  • the printable layer, and where appropriate the additional layer or layers, are therefore transferred from the plastic film called donor, of the multilayer structure, onto the substrate called recipient.
  • the non-stick layer can remain on the plastic film and is then removed from the printable layer, during the removal of the plastic film.
  • the face of the printable layer, which was located on the side of the plastic film in the multilayer structure, is therefore exposed, this face defining the smooth face of the sheet.
  • the transfer of the printable layer from the multilayer structure onto the substrate, in steps b / and c / of the process, can be carried out as follows, when the substrate and the multilayer structure are in the form of continuous bands.
  • the lamination or lamination of the multilayer structure and of the substrate can be carried out by passing these two elements between two parallel and adjacent mechanical rollers, rotating in opposite directions.
  • the thickness of the product obtained depends in particular on the distance between the rollers.
  • the method may further consist in that, before step b /, the aforementioned face of the substrate is precoated with at least one smoothing layer comprising one or more thermoplastic polymers (such as at least one polystyrene, a polyurethane, a acrylic, etc.) or a mixture of pigments (such as kaolins, calcium carbonates, talc, titanium dioxide, etc., and mixtures thereof) and at least one binder (such as based on acrylic, polyurethane, polymethylmethacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, starch or PVA).
  • thermoplastic polymers such as at least one polystyrene, a polyurethane, a acrylic, etc.
  • a mixture of pigments such as kaolins, calcium carbonates, talc, titanium dioxide, etc., and mixtures thereof
  • binder such as based on acrylic, polyurethane, polymethylmethacrylate, st
  • This precoated face of the substrate can also be calendered, before step b /, to increase its smoothness.
  • the method according to the invention can comprise an additional step consisting in printing the sheet with an ink having electrical and / or optical properties.
  • the present invention further relates to a process for preparing a multilayer structure comprising at least, or constituted by, a plastic film, a release layer, and a printable layer, the release layer being interposed between the plastic film and the printable layer.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of printing a sheet prepared by the method described above, this method comprising a step of printing the sheet without modifying the state of its printable layer, that is to say without softening or melting of this layer during printing.
  • the sheet is for example printed by offset, inkjet, laser, gravure, flexo, dry toner, liquid toner, electrophotography, lithography, etc.
  • the layer for casting application is for example a layer of PVA.
  • the coating for casting application may have non-stick properties.
  • the present invention also relates to a printable sheet having at least one smooth face, and advantageously ultra smooth, this sheet comprising a substrate, in particular made of paper, at least one face of which is covered at least in part with one or more layers, of which a layer printable by offset printing, inkjet, laser, gravure, flexo, dry toner, liquid toner, electrophotography and / or lithography and defining said smooth or ultra smooth face, characterized in that this smooth or ultra smooth face has a Bekk smoothness greater than 2000 seconds, and more preferably greater than 5000 seconds and a gloss greater than 70%, and preferably greater than 80%, this gloss being measured at 75 ° according to the TAPPI T480 om-92 method.
  • the printable layer of the sheet may have a thickness less than or equal to 30 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 15 ⁇ m, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the basis weight of the printable layer may be less than or equal to 30 g / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 15 g / m 2 , and more preferably less than or equal to 10 g / m 2
  • the printable layer may for example have a thickness and a thickness grammage which are less than or equal to the following combined values: 10 ⁇ m and 10g / m 2 , 3 ⁇ m and 10g / m 2 , 2 ⁇ m and 10g / m 2 , 5 ⁇ m and 5g / m 2 , 3 ⁇ m and 3g / m 2 , 2 ⁇ m and 5g / m 2 , 5 ⁇ m and 2g / m 2 , 3 ⁇ m and 2g / m 2 , or 2 ⁇ m and 2g / m 2
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a printable sheet as described above, for the production of an electronic and / or optical component, this sheet being printed by means of an ink having electrical and / or electrical properties. optics.
  • the sheet according to the invention can be compatible with organic electronic inks for applications electronic devices, such as, for example, the production of RFID ( Radio Frequency Identification ) chips, display or detection systems, etc., directly on the sheet.
  • electronic devices such as, for example, the production of RFID ( Radio Frequency Identification ) chips, display or detection systems, etc., directly on the sheet.
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • an RFID chip could be made on a sheet formed from a plastic film of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • this plastic film has relatively low mechanical and temperature resistance, which limits the possible applications of the chip and prevents printing of the film with inks at relatively high temperatures.
  • the PET film is not easily recyclable.
  • the substrate of the sheet according to the invention is made of paper, this sheet has better mechanical strength and at high temperatures.
  • a sheet printed with an ink having electrical properties advantageously comprises a flexible substrate and a printable layer that is little or no electrically conductive.
  • This type of sheet can be used to make organic thin film transistors using organic conductive or semi-conductive inks.
  • the sheet according to the invention can also be used to produce optical components, such as waveguides, holographic patterns, etc.
  • the method defined above may comprise, before step a /, a preliminary step consisting in producing, for example by etching, hollow and / or raised patterns on the face of the plastic film intended for in receiving the release layer and the printable layer, the printable layer being intended to match the shape of these patterns so as to include an imprint of the aforementioned face of the plastic film.
  • the transfer of the surface condition of the film to the printable layer comprises both a transfer of the smoothness and the patterns of the plastic film.
  • the patterns transferred to the printable layer themselves have surfaces and / or walls having a smooth appearance and being precisely defined. This method is then particularly advantageous for the production of optical components of the aforementioned types.
  • the present invention finally relates to the use of a printable sheet as described above, for printing a photographic image, for producing packaging, and / or for a casting application.
  • FIG. 1 very schematically represents steps a /, b / and c / of the process according to the invention for manufacturing a smooth or ultra-smooth printable sheet 10 and fully recyclable.
  • Step a / of the process consists in preparing a multilayer structure 12 comprising a lower plastic film 14, a non-stick intermediate layer 16 and a printable upper layer 18.
  • the preparation of this structure 12 can be carried out in one step or in several successive steps.
  • the non-stick layer 16 and the printable layer 18 can be deposited simultaneously on the plastic film 14, by a curtain coating technique for example.
  • the non-stick layer 16 is deposited on the plastic film 14, then the printable layer 18 is deposited on the non-stick layer.
  • the surface quality of the upper face 20 of the plastic film 14 is transmitted to the lower face 22 of the printable layer 18 (via the release layer 16).
  • the surface characteristics of the face 22 of the printable layer are therefore defined by those of the face 20 of the plastic film 14.
  • the roughness of films and papers were tested using a topography measuring device of the ALTISURF 500 type from the company ALTIMET.
  • the first film tested has a roughness (for example Sa) of 1 ⁇ m.
  • This film was used to transfer a printable layer onto Bristol® paper from Arjowiggins.
  • the measured roughness of this printable layer is 1.1 ⁇ m.
  • the second film has a roughness of 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • This film was used to transfer a printable layer onto another Bristol® paper.
  • the measured roughness of this printable layer was 0.7 ⁇ m.
  • the roughness (or surface condition) of the film has therefore been transferred from the films to the printable layers.
  • the surface characteristics of the face 22 are fixed and are not intended to be modified during the other steps of the process, and in particular the transfer of the printable layer 18 onto a substrate 24. , such as paper, to be coated.
  • the printable layer 18 can be formed from a resin or a printable varnish or a papermaking coating comprising a binder and pigments.
  • the printable layer may include two or more sublayers which are chosen from a printable varnish and a paper coating.
  • the printable varnish is located above or below the paper coating, so that the aforementioned underside 22 of the printable layer is defined by printable varnish or paper coating.
  • Step b / of the method consists in depositing a layer or a film of adhesive 26 on the upper face 28 of the printable layer 18 or on the lower face 30 to be coated with the substrate 24, or even on these two faces 28, 30, then in applying these faces 28, 30 against each other in order to laminate or laminate the multilayer structure 12 and the substrate 24, and thus form a laminated or laminated product 32.
  • Step c / of the process consists in removing the plastic film 14 and the release layer 16 from the printable layer 18, so that only this layer 18 remains (with the glue 26) on the substrate 24.
  • steps b / and c / can be carried out simultaneously or one after the other.
  • the glue 26 is advantageously in the dry state and / or solidified during the removal of the plastic film 14.
  • step c / the face 22 of the printable layer 18 is exposed, this face being smooth or ultra smooth and having a Bekk smoothness greater than 2000 s.
  • part of the release layer 16 may remain on the face 22 of the printable layer 18 after the plastic film has been removed.
  • Layer 18 is printable by any suitable technique, the ink being intended to be deposited on the smooth or ultra-smooth face 22 of sheet 10.
  • the substrate 24 may be formed from a coated or precoated paper, that is to say a paper on one side of which a layer or precoat 33 is deposited, the latter comprising one or more thermoplastic polymers or a mixture. pigments and binder.
  • This layer or precoat 33 is intended to be deposited on the aforementioned face 30 of the substrate, and is advantageously smoothed by calendering. It is then intended to be glued to the face 28 of the printable layer 18.
  • the figure 2 represents an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, and differs from the method previously described with reference to figure 1 , in particular in that the multilayer structure 12 ′ further comprises at least one additional layer 34 deposited on the upper face 28 of the printable layer 18.
  • Additional superimposed layers 34 can be deposited (simultaneously or successively) on the face 28 of the printable layer 18.
  • Each of the additional layers 34 can be printable or non-printable.
  • step b / the lower face 30 of the substrate 24 or the free upper face 36 of the additional layer 34 (the furthest from the plastic film, in the case where the structure 12 ′ comprises several additional layers) is covered with glue 26.
  • these two faces 30, 36 are covered with glue 26.
  • step c / the multilayer structure 12 'and the substrate 24 are laminated or laminated, so as to form a laminated or laminated product 32', then the plastic film 14 and the release layer are removed, so as to put bare the smooth or ultra smooth face 22 of the printable layer 18 of the sheet 10 '.
  • the leaf of the figure 2 may include a substrate 24 precoated on its face 30, to increase its smoothness.
  • the precoat 33 is of the same type as that described with reference to figure 1 .
  • the figures 3 and 4 schematically represent means for implementing step c / transfer of the method according to the invention.
  • a first roller 40 is provided for driving a continuous strip of the multilayer structure 12 (formed of a plastic film 14, a non-stick layer 16 and a printable layer 18 - and possibly layer (s)) additional 34).
  • a second roller 42 parallel and adjacent to the first roller 40, is provided for driving a continuous strip of the substrate 24.
  • rollers 40, 42 rotate in opposite directions and are at a short distance from each other, the multilayer structure 12 and the substrate 24 being forced to pass between these rollers and being applied at a given pressure against each other. 'other, to ensure their lamination or lamination.
  • the glue 26 can be deposited on the multilayer structure 12 and / or the substrate 24, as indicated in the above, prior to this laminating step, or during this laminating step. In the latter case, the glue 26 can be injected between the structure 12 and the substrate, prior to their passage between the rollers, as is schematically represented by the double arrow in figure 3 .
  • a third roll 44 drives the sheet 10 formed by the substrate 24 and the printable layer 18 in one direction, while the plastic film 14 and the release layer 16 are driven in another direction to separate them from the sheet 10.
  • the figures 5 and 6 are images obtained by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of a face of a paper or base substrate 24 and of a smooth or ultra-smooth face of a sheet 10, produced by the method according to the invention, respectively.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the base paper ( figure 5 ) is here formed of cellulosic fibers intermingled with each other and defining a rough face.
  • the roughness Sz of this face is of the order of 19.7 ⁇ m, which means that the maximum surface height, from the highest point to the deepest valley, is equal to 19.7 ⁇ m.
  • the sheet according to the invention ( figure 6 ) has a smooth or ultra-smooth face defined by its printable layer which has a roughness Sz of the order of 1.01 ⁇ m, the latter being comparable to that of a paper covered with a plastic film, according to the prior art, which has a roughness Sz of the order of 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • This roughness value of 1.01 ⁇ m of the sheet according to the invention is given as an indication and illustrates a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • Example 1 Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset
  • a smooth or ultra smooth sheet according to the invention for offset printing was prepared, from a printable layer A having the following composition: Composition of layer A Pigments Calcium carbonate 1248g Hydrocarb ® 60 OG (Omya) Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S504 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)
  • Printable layer A has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 100cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.
  • Layer A is applied to one side of a plastic film in PET, which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride.
  • the deposit of layer A on the film is approximately 10 g / m 2 .
  • Layer A is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • a multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer A.
  • the free face of layer A is glued with a Super-Lok® 364 adhesive from the company National Starch.
  • the glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer A.
  • the glued side of layer A is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried. in an oven at 70 ° C. Step b / of the process is then completed.
  • the plastic film and the release layer are then removed (during step c /) to leave only the printable layer A and the glue on the paper substrate.
  • Example 2 Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset, from a bulky paper or having a relatively large hand
  • Example 2 Printable layer A of Example 2 is prepared and applied in the same manner and under the same conditions as those discussed in Example 1, on Elementa® bulk paper from the company Arjowiggins. This paper has an initial hand of 1.4cm 3 / g.
  • Example 3 Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset, from a precoated support paper
  • Example 3 Printable layer A of Example 3 is prepared and applied in the same manner and under the same conditions as those discussed in Example 1, on a precoated Maine Gloss® paper from the company Arjowiggins. This paper has an initial Bekk smoothness of 400s.
  • Example 4 Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth colored sheet printable by offset
  • a smooth or ultra-smooth colored sheet was prepared according to the invention for offset printing, from a printable layer B having the following composition: Composition of printable layer B Pigments Calcium carbonate 1248g Hydrocarb ® 60 OG (Omya) Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S504 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Slerocol ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan) Dye Blue Levacell ® B liq (Bayer) 0.1g
  • Printable layer B has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 100cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.
  • Layer B is applied to one side of a PET plastic film which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride.
  • the deposit of layer B on the film is approximately 10 g / m 2 .
  • Layer B is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • a multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer B.
  • the free face of layer B is glued with a Super-Lok® 364 adhesive from the company National Starch.
  • the glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer B.
  • the glued side of layer B is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried. in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • the plastic film and the release layer are then removed to leave only the printable layer B and the glue on the paper substrate.
  • the paper obtained has a very homogeneous coloring.
  • Example 5 Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset and with low surface resistivity
  • a smooth or ultra-smooth sheet according to the invention with low surface resistivity and for offset printing was prepared, from a printable layer C having the following composition: Composition of printable layer C Pigments Calcium carbonate 1248g Hydrocarb ® 60 OG (Omya) Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S504 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Conductive additive Aqueous dispersion of a conductive polymer 3g Clevios ® P (HC Starck) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)
  • Printable layer C has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 100cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.
  • Layer C is applied to one side of a PET plastic film which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride
  • the deposit of layer C on the film is approximately 10 g / m2.
  • Layer C is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • a multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer C.
  • the free face of layer C is glued with a Super-Lok® 364 glue from the company National Starch.
  • the glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer C.
  • the glued side of layer C is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried. in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • the plastic film and the release layer are then removed to leave only the printable layer C and the glue on the paper substrate.
  • the resistivity of the paper thus obtained is relatively low, and is of the order of 3.10 7 . This resistivity is lower than that of the paper of Example A, which is of the order of approximately 1.10 10.
  • Example 6 Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth inkjet printable sheet
  • a smooth or ultra-smooth sheet according to the invention for inkjet printing was prepared, from a printable layer D having the following composition: Compounds Pigments Alumina 1000g Disperal HP14-2 (Sasol) Binder Polyvinyl Alcohol 100g Mowiol 47-88 (Seppic) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 1g Surfynol ® CT211 (Safic-Alcan)
  • Printable layer D has a final concentration by weight of 14% and a viscosity of 50cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.
  • Layer D is applied to one side of a PET plastic film which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride.
  • the deposit of layer D on the film is approximately 15 g / m 2 .
  • Layer D is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • a multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer D.
  • the free face of layer D is glued with Super-Lok® 364 glue from the company National Starch.
  • the glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer D.
  • the glued face of layer D is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol paper 335 g / m 2 manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • the plastic film and the release layer are then removed to leave only the printable layer D and the glue on the paper substrate.
  • the transfer of a printable layer (A to D) on a support causes an increase in the basis weight and thickness of this support.
  • the increase in basis weight is of the order of 30 to 40 g / m 2 in the case of layer A, of 126 g / m 2 in the case of layer B, of 41 g / m 2 in the case of layer C , and 24g / m 2 in the case of layer D.
  • the increase in thickness is of the order of 20 to 33 ⁇ m in the case of layer A, 60 ⁇ m in the case of layer B, 64 ⁇ m in the case of layer C, and 84 ⁇ m in the case of layer D.
  • the increase in the basis weight and thickness of the support is essentially due to the addition of glue and the transfer of the printable layer to this support .
  • a paper has a relatively large hand when it has a value greater than or equal to 1.10 cm 3 / g. In the aforementioned examples, only Elementa® bulk paper has a large hand (1.4cm 3 / g).
  • the deposition of the printable layer A on a support causes a decrease in its hand.
  • the support initially has a large hand, as is the case with Elementa® bulk in example 2, the transfer of layer A onto this support results in a slight decrease in its hand (of the order of 5%) .
  • the strength of the Etementa® butk support comprising layer A remains very high (1.33cm 3 / g, that is to say greater than 1.10cm 3 / g).
  • the deposition of the printable layer B on a support causes a decrease in his hand, while the deposition of the printable layer C on a support has little influence on his hand.
  • the deposition of the printable layer D on a support results in an increase in its hand since the printable layer is here an inkjet layer which is very porous and therefore has a low density.
  • the transfer of the layer D on a Bristol® support makes it possible to increase its smoothness to approximately 1000s.
  • the sheets prepared in Examples 1 to 6 all have a high gloss, greater than 80%. The process therefore makes it possible to produce sheets having both high smoothness and gloss.
  • the presence of a conductive additive in the layer C makes it possible to significantly reduce the surface resistivity of the sheet.
  • the sheet of Example 5 has a lower surface resistivity by a factor of about 1000 than that of the sheets of Examples 1 and 4. This additive makes it possible to increase the electrical conductivity of the sheets and therefore to consider the production of electro-sheets. conductors.
  • the test with porometric inks shows that the papers have relatively correct optical density values after inking, even if these do not increase over time. , thus showing limited absorption.
  • Example 6 As regards the inkjet printable paper, prepared in Example 6, tests on an Epson and Canon inkjet printer show correct results despite a low deposit.
  • Example 7 Preparation of a smooth or ultra-smooth printable sheet comprising a varnish or a printable resin
  • a smooth or ultra-smooth sheet was prepared according to the invention, from a printable layer formed by a varnish or an acrylic printable resin E having the following composition.
  • This sheet is printable by Offset.
  • Composition of printable varnish E Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S305D (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)
  • the printable varnish E has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 50cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.
  • the varnish E is applied to one side of a plastic film in PET, which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride.
  • the deposit of the varnish on the film is approximately 5 g / m 2 .
  • the varnish is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • a multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the acrylic varnish.
  • the free side of the varnish is glued with Super-Lok® 364 glue from National Starch.
  • the glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on the varnish.
  • the glued side of the varnish is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried in an oven at 70 ° C.
  • the plastic film and the non-stick layer are then removed (during step c /) to leave only the printable varnish and the glue on the paper substrate.
  • the transfer of the printable varnish E on the support modifies the grammage, the thickness and the handling of this support little. This transfer makes it possible to produce a sheet with very high smoothness (> 10,000s) and gloss (99%). The printability of this sheet is however lower than those prepared in Examples 1 to 6 due to the absence of pigments in the printable layer.
  • Example 8 Preparation of smooth or ultra-smooth printable sheets printable by Offset, Indigo, or by electrically conductive inks
  • Each sheet prepared here comprises two printable layers AA, AB or AC, a first layer (A, B or C) deposited (by kiss coating) on the non-stick layer of the multilayer structure and a second layer (A) deposited (by kiss coating) ) on the first layer.
  • the first layer that is to say the layer closest to the plastic film in the multilayer structure, is the layer intended to directly receive the inks during printing. It is this which defines the printability according to the printing process.
  • the second layer is a precoat allowing good adhesion of the first layer to the support and forming a barrier to the adhesive (to prevent the latter from penetrating into the first printable layer).
  • the plastic film used is a 12 ⁇ m thick PET film.
  • the printable layers for the preparation of an offset printable sheet are a first layer B, and a second layer A.
  • the printable layers for the preparation of an HP Indigo printable sheet are a first layer C, and a second layer A.
  • the printable layers for the preparation of a sheet printable by electrically conductive inks (Printed Electronics) are a first layer A, and a second layer A.
  • the multilayer structures prepared are of the PET type / release layer / A&A or C&A layers or B&A.
  • the layers A, B and C are deposited at a rate of 6 g / m 2 .
  • compositions of these layers are detailed in the following tables.
  • Composition of printable layer A Pigments Calcium carbonate 475ml Carbital ® 95 (Imerys)
  • Binder 1 Aqueous dispersion of styrene-butadiene copolymer 190ml Styronal® D517 (BASF)
  • Binder 2 Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 94ml Acrona ® S 05 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)
  • Composition of printable layer B Pigments Calcium carbonate 475ml
  • Each of the three multilayer structures and a 200 g / m 2 Opale® paper from Arjowiggins were laminated with a two-component polyurethane adhesive, deposited at a rate of 10 g / m 2 .
  • the sheets obtained exhibit good printability depending on their applications, that is to say for offset, for digital HP Indigo and for conductive inks (printed electronics).

Description

La présente invention concerne une feuille imprimable lisse ou ultra lisse et recyclable, ainsi que son procédé de fabrication. Cette feuille peut être utilisée dans des domaines distincts tels que ceux de l'emballage, de l'électronique, de l'optique, ou des arts graphiques, par exemple comme support d'impression, en particulier d'image photographique.The present invention relates to a smooth or ultra-smooth and recyclable printable sheet, as well as its manufacturing process. This sheet can be used in distinct fields such as those of packaging, electronics, optics, or the graphic arts, for example as a printing medium, in particular for a photographic image.

Dans la technique connue, une feuille ultra lisse peut être fabriquée en laminant un film plastique sur une face d'un papier, ce film plastique définissant une face ultra lisse sur le papier. Le papier de base est formé d'un matériau fibreux dont les faces ont une rugosité relativement importante, de l'ordre de 20µm environ, c'est-à-dire que chacune de ses faces est formée de bosses et de creux dont la hauteur qui les sépare est de l'ordre de 20µm. Le laminage d'un film plastique sur une face d'un tel papier permet de conférer à cette face une rugosité très faible, de l'ordre de 1µm dans le cas d'un film de PET (polyéthylène téréphtalate).In the known technique, an ultra smooth sheet can be manufactured by laminating a plastic film on one side of a paper, this plastic film defining an ultra smooth side on the paper. The base paper is formed from a fibrous material whose faces have a relatively high roughness, of the order of about 20 μm, that is to say that each of its faces is formed of bumps and hollows whose height which separates them is of the order of 20 μm. The lamination of a plastic film on one face of such a paper makes it possible to give this face a very low roughness, of the order of 1 μm in the case of a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.

Le papier étant un matériau relativement coûteux et produit à grande échelle, il est important qu'il soit recyclable. Cependant, une feuille à base de papier, ultra lisse car comportant un film plastique n'est pas recyclable ou est difficilement recyclable, ce qui n'est donc pas écologique ni économique. En effet, lors du recyclage de feuilles à base papier, ces feuilles sont broyées et mélangées à de l'eau dans un pulpeur pour former une pâte. Dans le cas où ces feuilles comprennent des films plastiques, ces films sont déchiquetés dans le pulpeur et leur matériau plastique pollue la pâte.Since paper is a relatively expensive material and produced on a large scale, it is important that it be recyclable. However, a paper-based sheet, ultra smooth because comprising a plastic film, is not recyclable or is difficult to recycle, which is therefore neither ecological nor economical. Indeed, during the recycling of paper-based sheets, these sheets are crushed and mixed with water in a pulper to form a pulp. In the case where these sheets include plastic films, these films are shredded in the pulper and their plastic material pollutes the pulp.

Il n'est donc pas possible, avec la technique actuelle, de fabriquer une feuille ultra lisse qui soit recyclable, de préférence entièrement recyclable.It is therefore not possible, with the current technique, to manufacture an ultra smooth sheet which is recyclable, preferably entirely recyclable.

Par ailleurs, une telle feuille ultra lisse n'est pas imprimable et une résine imprimable doit être déposée sur le film plastique de la feuille pour la rendre imprimable. Cette technique est notamment utilisée pour fabriquer des feuilles à base papier pour l'impression d'image photographique (appelées en anglais resin-coated photographic papers), ces feuilles comportant un film en PE (polyéthylène) et ayant un lissé Bekk de l'ordre de 6000s.Moreover, such an ultra smooth sheet is not printable and a printable resin must be deposited on the plastic film of the sheet to make it printable. This technique is used in particular to manufacture paper-based sheets for printing photographic images (called resin-coated photographic papers ), these sheets comprising a PE (polyethylene) film and having a Bekk smoothness of the order from 6000s.

Une feuille lisse peut également être fabriquée en déposant une composition de couchage sur une face d'un papier, cette composition définissant après séchage une face lisse sur le papier. Cette technique permet de fabriquer une feuille lisse sans film plastique. La composition est déposée sur le papier par une technique de couchage au rideau, par lame traînante ou raclante, par lame d'air, par héliogravure ou encore par rouleaux (size press, film press, etc.) La face du papier de base, sur laquelle est déposée la composition de couchage, comporte une alternance de creux et de bosses, les creux étant remplis par la composition de couchage et les bosses étant aplanies lors du couchage, ce qui permet de réduire la rugosité du papier. Toutefois, cette technique ne permet pas d'obtenir une feuille aussi lisse qu'une feuille recouverte d'un film plastique, même si cette feuille est par la suite lissée, par exemple par calandrage.A smooth sheet can also be manufactured by depositing a coating composition on one side of a paper, this composition defining after drying a smooth side on the paper. This technique makes it possible to manufacture a smooth sheet without plastic film. The composition is deposited on the paper by a curtain coating technique, by dragging or scraping blade, by air knife, by gravure printing or even by rollers ( size press, film press, etc.) The face of the base paper, on which the coating composition is deposited, comprises an alternation of hollows and bumps, the hollows being filled with the coating composition and the bumps being flattened during coating, which makes it possible to reduce the roughness of the paper. However, this technique does not make it possible to obtain a sheet as smooth as a sheet covered with a plastic film, even if this sheet is subsequently smoothed, for example by calendering.

Le procédé actuellement utilisé pour fabriquer une feuille lisse et brillante consiste à déposer une composition de couchage sur un papier de base au moyen d'un rouleau mécanique dont la surface cylindrique est très lisse et recouverte d'une couche de chrome. Le lissé Bekk d'une feuille obtenue par ce procédé est de l'ordre de 50s et est donc toutefois inférieur à celui d'une feuille comportant un film plastique (de l'ordre de 6000s dans le cas d'un film en PE).The method currently used for making a smooth and glossy sheet consists in depositing a coating composition on a base paper by means of a mechanical roller, the cylindrical surface of which is very smooth and covered with a layer of chromium. The Bekk smoothness of a sheet obtained by this process is of the order of 50 s and is therefore however lower than that of a sheet comprising a plastic film (of the order of 6000 s in the case of a PE film) .

Par ailleurs, il est difficile d'obtenir une feuille lisse par couchage d'une composition sur un papier relativement rugueux. En effet, lorsque les creux précités de la face du papier sont trop volumineux ou trop nombreux, la composition de couchage ne comble pas entièrement ces creux, ou une quantité trop importante de cette composition est nécessaire pour le faire.On the other hand, it is difficult to obtain a smooth sheet by coating a composition on a relatively rough paper. In fact, when the aforementioned hollows in the face of the paper are too large or too numerous, the coating composition does not entirely fill these hollows, or too large an amount of this composition is necessary to do so.

C'est par exemple le cas d'un papier ayant une main relativement importante, par exemple supérieure à 1,10cm3/g, qui a de ce fait des faces relativement rugueuses et une faible imprimabilité. Le couchage d'une composition sur une face de ce papier, même en grande quantité, ne permet pas de fabriquer une feuille lisse, et diminue par ailleurs considérablement sa main. De plus, même si le calandrage de la feuille permettait d'augmenter son lissé, cela se ferait au détriment de sa main.This is for example the case of a paper having a relatively large hand, for example greater than 1.10 cm 3 / g, which therefore has relatively rough faces and low printability. Coating a composition on one side of this paper, even in large quantities, does not make it possible to manufacture a smooth sheet, and moreover considerably reduces its hand. Moreover, even if the calendering of the sheet made it possible to increase its smoothness, this would be done to the detriment of its hand.

Il n'est donc pas non plus possible, avec la technique connue, de fabriquer dans des conditions satisfaisantes, une feuille lisse à partir d'un papier rugueux et/ou ayant une main relativement importante.It is therefore also not possible, with the known technique, to manufacture under satisfactory conditions, a smooth sheet from a rough paper and / or having a relatively large hand.

L'invention a notamment pour but d'apporter une solution simple, efficace et économique aux problèmes des techniques antérieures.The object of the invention is in particular to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to the problems of the prior techniques.

Elle a pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille lisse, encore appelée ultra lisse au sens de l'invention, le lissé de cette feuille étant indépendant de la rugosité du papier ou plus généralement du substrat de base utilisé, et la feuille ne comportant pas de film plastique et étant donc au moins en partie recyclable, voire biodégradable.It relates to a process for manufacturing a smooth sheet, also called ultra smooth within the meaning of the invention, the smoothness of this sheet being independent of the roughness of the paper or more generally of the base substrate used, and the sheet does not comprising no plastic film and therefore being at least partly recyclable, or even biodegradable.

Elle propose à cet effet un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille imprimable présentant au moins une face lisse, et avantageusement ultra lisse, cette feuille comportant un substrat, en particulier en papier, dont au moins une face est recouverte au moins en partie d'une couche ou de plusieurs couches superposées, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à :

  1. a/ préparer ou apporter une structure multicouche comprenant au moins, ou constituée par, un film plastique, lisse, une couche antiadhésive, et une couche imprimable par impression Offset, jet d'encre, laser, hélio, fléxo, toner sec, toner liquide, électrophotographie et/ou lithographie, la couche antiadhésive étant intercalée entre le film plastique et la couche imprimable,
  2. b/ encoller une face du substrat et/ou la face de la structure multicouche, située du côté opposé au film plastique, et appliquer la face précitée du substrat contre la face précitée de la structure multicouche, de façon à contrecoller la structure multicouche et le substrat, et
  3. c/ retirer le film plastique de la couche imprimable, cette couche imprimable définissant ladite face lisse ou ultra lisse de la feuille, ladite face lisse ayant un lissé Bekk supérieur à 2000s.
For this purpose, it proposes a process for manufacturing a printable sheet having at least one smooth face, and advantageously ultra smooth, this sheet comprising a substrate, in particular made of paper, at least one face of which is covered at least in part with one or more superimposed layers, the method comprising the steps of:
  1. a / prepare or provide a multilayer structure comprising at least, or constituted by, a plastic film, smooth, a non-stick layer, and a printable layer by offset printing, inkjet, laser, gravure, fléxo, dry toner, liquid toner , electrophotography and / or lithography, the release layer being interposed between the plastic film and the printable layer,
  2. b / glue one face of the substrate and / or the face of the multilayer structure, located on the side opposite the plastic film, and apply the aforementioned face of the substrate against the aforementioned face of the multilayer structure, so as to laminate the multilayer structure and the substrate, and
  3. c / removing the plastic film from the printable layer, this printable layer defining said smooth or ultra smooth face of the sheet, said smooth face having a Bekk smoothness greater than 2000s.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, la structure multicouche est préparée préalablement à la mise en oeuvre du procédé de fabrication de la feuille imprimable. Dans ce cas, la structure multicouche est apportée pour la réalisation du procédé de fabrication de la feuille imprimable.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the multilayer structure is prepared prior to the implementation of the process for manufacturing the printable sheet. In this case, the multilayer structure is provided for carrying out the process for manufacturing the printable sheet.

Selon l'invention, la face lisse ou ultra lisse de la feuille est définie par une couche imprimable qui est préparée sur un film plastique appelé « donneur », ladite couche imprimable étant, à ce stade, comprise dans une structure multicouche, puis est transférée sur le substrat de base appelé « receveur ». Le lissé de la couche imprimable et donc de la feuille est induit par celui du film plastique de la structure multicouche, et ne dépend donc pas de celui du substrat de base utilisé. L'invention permet donc de transférer l'état de surface d'un film plastique sur un substrat quelconque. Autrement dit, l'invention permet de fabriquer une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse à partir d'un substrat quelconque, tel qu'avantageusement un papier rugueux et/ou ayant une main relativement importante, par exemple supérieure ou égale à 1,10cm3/g, et sans inclure un film plastique dans la feuille ainsi réalisée.According to the invention, the smooth or ultra-smooth face of the sheet is defined by a printable layer which is prepared on a plastic film called a “donor”, said printable layer being, at this stage, included in a multilayer structure, then is transferred. on the base substrate called "receiver". The smoothness of the printable layer and therefore of the sheet is induced by that of the plastic film of the multilayer structure, and therefore does not depend on that of the base substrate used. The invention therefore makes it possible to transfer the surface state of a plastic film onto any substrate. In other words, the invention makes it possible to manufacture a smooth or ultra-smooth sheet from any substrate, such as advantageously a rough paper and / or having a relatively large hand, for example greater than or equal to 1.10 cm 3 / g, and without including a plastic film in the sheet thus produced.

La feuille préparée par le procédé selon l'invention est donc à la fois imprimable et recyclable.The sheet prepared by the process according to the invention is therefore both printable and recyclable.

Dans la présente demande, on entend par feuille imprimable et par substrat destiné à la préparation de la feuille imprimable, un élément mince (dont l'épaisseur ne dépasse pas 500µm), de préférence souple et/ou flexible.In the present application, by printable sheet and by substrate intended for the preparation of the printable sheet, is meant a thin element (the thickness of which does not exceed 500 μm), preferably flexible and / or flexible.

On entend par feuille ou couche imprimable, une feuille ou une couche pouvant être imprimée par toute technique d'impression, et en particulier par impression Offset, jet d'encre, laser, hélio, fléxo, toner sec, toner liquide, électrophotographie, lithographie, etc. Une couche imprimable comprend typiquement un mélange de pigments et d'au moins un liant, ou est formée d'un vernis imprimable à base de polymère(s) du type acrylique, vinylique, polyuréthane, styrénique, d'amidon, d'alcool polyvinylique, d'éthylène, ou d'un mélange de ces polymères. L'encre est destinée à être déposée sur la face libre lisse ou ultra lisse de la feuille imprimable ou de la couche imprimable. On entend par feuille recyclable, une feuille qui est exempte de film plastique, par exemple en matière thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable.By printable sheet or layer is meant a sheet or layer that can be printed by any printing technique, and in particular by offset printing, inkjet, laser, gravure, fléxo, dry toner, liquid toner, electrophotography, lithography. , etc. A printable layer typically comprises a mixture of pigments and at least one binder, or is formed of a printable varnish based on polymer (s) of the acrylic, vinyl, polyurethane, styrenic, starch or polyvinyl alcohol type. , ethylene, or a mixture of these polymers. The ink is intended to be deposited on the smooth or ultra-smooth free face of the printable sheet or of the printable layer. The term “recyclable sheet” is understood to mean a sheet which is free from plastic film, for example made from thermoplastic or thermosetting material.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, l'impression de la couche imprimable n'entraîne pas de modification structurelle de celle-ci, et en particulier de changement d'état ou de phase de celle-ci (tel par exemple qu'un passage d'un état solide à un état liquide puis retour à l'état solide).According to one characteristic of the invention, the printing of the printable layer does not cause any structural modification thereof, and in particular a change of state or phase thereof (such as for example a passage from a solid state to a liquid state then return to the solid state).

Une structure multicouche de l'invention préparée ou apportée dans le cadre du procédé selon l'invention comporte notamment, ou est constituée par, un film plastique inférieur, une couche intermédiaire antiadhésive et une couche supérieure imprimable. La couche antiadhésive recouvre au moins une partie de la face supérieure du film plastique, et la couche imprimable recouvre au moins une partie de la face supérieure de la couche antiadhésive.A multilayer structure of the invention prepared or supplied within the scope of the process according to the invention comprises in particular, or consists of, a lower plastic film, an intermediate non-stick layer and a printable upper layer. The release layer covers at least part of the top side of the plastic film, and the printable layer covers at least part of the top side of the release layer.

Le film plastique sert de support de fabrication de la couche imprimable. Ce film ne subsiste pas dans le produit final, à savoir la feuille, qui est donc recyclable. La face supérieure du film (située du côté de la couche imprimable) est avantageusement la plus lisse possible, car la qualité de surface de la face lisse de la feuille, définie par la couche imprimable, est fonction de la qualité de surface de cette face supérieure du film plastique. Autrement dit, plus le film plastique de la structure multicouche est lisse et plus la feuille obtenue est lisse.The plastic film serves as a manufacturing support for the printable layer. This film does not remain in the final product, namely the sheet, which is therefore recyclable. The upper face of the film (located on the side of the printable layer) is advantageously as smooth as possible, since the surface quality of the smooth face of the sheet, defined by the printable layer, is a function of the surface quality of this face top of the plastic film. In other words, the smoother the plastic film of the multilayer structure, the smoother the sheet obtained.

Le film plastique est choisi parmi un film de polyéthylène téréphtalate (PET), de polyéthylène (PE), de polypropylène (PP), de polymère à base d'acide polylactique (PLA), de tout polymère à base de cellulose, etc. Le film a par exemple une épaisseur de l'ordre de 12µm.The plastic film is chosen from a film of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polymer based on polylactic acid (PLA), any polymer based on cellulose, etc. The film has for example a thickness of the order of 12 μm.

Avantageusement, le film plastique est exempt et/ou n'est pas recouvert de PVDF (polyfluorure de vinylidène), de PP (polypropylène), de téflon, de silice, de nitrure de bore, de stéaro chlorures de chrome ou tout autre produit ayant des propriétés antiadhérentes/antiadhésives.Advantageously, the plastic film is free and / or is not covered with PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PP (polypropylene), teflon, silica, boron nitride, stearo chromium chlorides or any other product having non-stick / non-stick properties.

La face du film située du côté de la couche imprimable est de préférence lisse et peut avoir un lissé Bekk supérieur à 10 000s Bekk.The film face located on the printable layer side is preferably smooth and may have a Bekk smoothness greater than 10,000s Bekk.

L'épaisseur, la dureté et la température de transition vitreuse du film plastique n'ont pas ou ont peu d'influence sur les caractéristiques de la couche imprimable. Seul(e) le lissé, ou a contrario, la rugosité du film plastique a une influence sur le lissé ou la rugosité de la couche imprimable. Plus le film plastique est lisse et plus la couche imprimable est lisse. L'homme du métier est toutefois à même de déterminer quelles caractéristiques du film plastique sont susceptibles d'influencer l'état de surface de la couche imprimable, et d'optimiser ces caractéristiques en fonction du lissé final que l'on souhaite obtenir pour cette couche imprimable.The thickness, hardness and glass transition temperature of the plastic film have little or no influence on the characteristics of the printable layer. Only the smoothness, or conversely, the roughness of the plastic film has an influence on the smoothness or roughness of the printable layer. The smoother the plastic film, the smoother the printable layer. Those skilled in the art are, however, able to determine which characteristics of the plastic film are liable to influence the surface condition of the printable layer, and to optimize these characteristics as a function of the final smoothness that it is desired to obtain for this. printable layer.

La couche antiadhésive de la structure multicouche est déposée sur le film plastique par une technique quelconque, et par exemple par héliogravure. Cette couche antiadhésive a pour fonction de limiter l'adhérence de la couche imprimable sur le film plastique et de faciliter la séparation et le retrait du film plastique de la couche imprimable à l'étape c/ du procédé ci-dessus défini. La couche antiadhésive ne modifie pas ou peu le lissé et la qualité de surface de la face du film plastique, sur laquelle est déposée cette couche.The non-stick layer of the multilayer structure is deposited on the plastic film by any technique, for example by gravure printing. The function of this release layer is to limit the adhesion of the printable layer to the plastic film and to facilitate the separation and removal of the plastic film from the printable layer in step c / of the process defined above. The non-stick layer does not or only slightly modify the smoothness and the surface quality of the face plastic film, on which this layer is deposited.

La couche antiadhésive peut adhérer plus sur le film plastique que sur la couche imprimable, de façon à ce qu'une majeure partie voire la totalité de cette couche antiadhésive reste collée sur le film plastique, lors de son retrait de la couche imprimable. Il se peut toutefois que des parties ou des traces de cette couche antiadhésive persistent sur la couche imprimable, après le retrait du film plastique.The release layer can adhere more to the plastic film than to the printable layer, so that a major part or even all of this release layer remains stuck on the plastic film, when it is removed from the printable layer. However, parts or traces of this release layer may persist on the printable layer after removing the plastic film.

En variante, la couche antiadhésive peut adhérer plus sur la couche imprimable que sur le film plastique, et est alors destinée à rester au moins en partie sur la couche imprimable lors du retrait du film plastique.As a variant, the release layer can adhere more to the printable layer than to the plastic film, and is then intended to remain at least partially on the printable layer during the removal of the plastic film.

Dans encore une autre variante, la couche antiadhésive est destinée à se diviser sensiblement en deux parties lors du retrait du film plastique, une première partie restant sur le film plastique et une seconde partie restant sur la couche imprimable.In yet another variant, the release layer is intended to substantially divide into two parts upon removal of the plastic film, a first part remaining on the plastic film and a second part remaining on the printable layer.

La structure multicouche peut comprendre deux couches antiadhésives superposées entre le film plastique et la couche imprimable, ces deux couches étant destinées à se séparer l'une de l'autre lors du retrait du film plastique (une des couches antiadhésives restant sur le film plastique et l'autre couche antiadhésive restant sur la couche imprimable).The multilayer structure can include two non-stick layers superimposed between the plastic film and the printable layer, these two layers being intended to separate from each other during the removal of the plastic film (one of the non-stick layers remaining on the plastic film and the other non-stick layer remaining on the printable layer).

Le fait de laisser une partie ou la totalité d'une couche antiadhésive sur la couche imprimable est particulièrement avantageux lorsque la feuille est destinée à être utilisée comme support dans une application casting. L'application casting consiste à extruder et couler au moins un polymère (tel que du polyuréthane (PU), du polychlorure de vinyle (PVC), etc.) sur un support revêtu d'une couche antiadhésive. Ce polymère peut avoir une surface texturée pour conférer à la feuille un aspect particulier (par exemple, similaire au cuir). Le fait de laisser une couche antiadhésive sur la feuille selon l'invention évite d'avoir à redéposer une telle couche sur cette feuille pour une application casting, et est donc avantageux en particulier en termes de coût et de temps de préparation du support pour l'application casting. Leaving part or all of a release layer on the printable layer is particularly advantageous when the sheet is intended to be used as a support in a casting application. The casting application consists in extruding and casting at least one polymer (such as polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc.) on a support coated with a non-stick layer. This polymer can have a textured surface to give the sheet a particular appearance (eg, similar to leather). The fact of leaving a non-stick layer on the sheet according to the invention avoids having to redeposit such a layer on this sheet for a casting application, and is therefore advantageous in particular in terms of cost and time of preparation of the support for the coating. casting application.

La couche antiadhésive a une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 5µm et de préférence à 1µm. La couche antiadhésive peut être composée de silicone(s), siloxane(s), polysiloxane(s) ou de ses dérivés, complexe(s) de Werner, tels que les stéaro chlorures de chrome, ou de cires de polyéthylène, de propylène, de polyuréthane, de polyamide, polytétrafluoroéthylène, etc.The non-stick layer has a thickness less than or equal to 5 μm and preferably to 1 μm. The non-stick layer can be composed of silicone (s), siloxane (s), polysiloxane (s) or its derivatives, Werner complex (s), such as chromium stearochlorides, or polyethylene waxes, propylene waxes, polyurethane, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.

Avantageusement, la couche antiadhésive de comprend pas de PVDF.Advantageously, the non-stick layer does not include PVDF.

La couche imprimable de la structure multicouche peut être choisie parmi un vernis imprimable, un couchage papetier, etc.The printable layer of the multilayer structure can be chosen from a printable varnish, a paper coating, etc.

Dans la présente demande, on entend par vernis imprimable, une substance à base de polymère d'acrylique, de polyuréthane, de polyméthylméthacrylate, de styrène butadiène, de vinyl acétate, de polyamide, de nitrocellulose ou de toute autre cellulose, de polyvinylalcool, d'amidon, etc. Cette substance est en général déposée sous forme liquide et solidifiée par séchage/chauffage ou par rayonnement UV ou électronique.In the present application, by printable varnish is meant a substance based on acrylic polymer, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, d starch, etc. This substance is generally deposited in liquid form and solidified by drying / heating or by UV or electronic radiation.

On entend par couchage papetier (de l'anglais paper coating) ou composition de couchage, une composition comportant un liant et des pigments. Le liant peut être à base d'acrylique, de polyuréthane, de polyméthylméthacrylate, de styrène butadiène, de vinyl acétate, de polyamide, de nitrocellulose ou de toute autre cellulose, de polyvinylalcool, d'amidon, ou d'un mélange de ceux-ci. Les pigments peuvent être choisis parmi les carbonates de calcium, les kaolins, le dioxyde de titane, le talc, les silices, mica, et particules nacrées, les pigments plastiques (polystyrène (PS), polyuréthane (PU), etc.), et leurs mélanges. Le taux de liant par rapport aux pigments est compris entre 5 et 50% environ, et de préférence entre 8 et 25%, en poids sec. Les pigments sont en général majoritaires par rapport au liant dans un couchage papetier, afin de créer des porosités qui améliorent l'absorption d'encre. Au contraire, dans une couche pour transfert thermique, les liants sont majoritaires par rapport aux pigments car l'objectif n'est pas d'avoir de porosité de surface. The term “paper coating” or coating composition is understood to mean a composition comprising a binder and pigments. The binder may be based on acrylic, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, or a mixture of these. this. The pigments can be chosen from calcium carbonates, kaolins, titanium dioxide, talc, silicas, mica, and pearly particles, plastic pigments (polystyrene (PS), polyurethane (PU), etc.), and their mixtures. The level of binder relative to the pigments is between 5 and 50% approximately, and preferably between 8 and 25%, by dry weight. Pigments are generally in the majority compared to the binder in a papermaking coating, in order to create porosities which improve ink absorption. On the contrary, in a layer for thermal transfer, the binders are in the majority compared to the pigments because the objective is not to have surface porosity.

La matière plastique utilisée dans la couche imprimable (en tant que liant et/ou pigments) est facilement fragmentable et ne pollue pas la pâte à papier lorsqu'elle est recyclée. Au contraire, les films plastiques gardent une cohésion et colmatent les filtres lors de la remise en suspension de la pâte à papier. Les liants hydrosolubles (tels que l'amidon, le polyvinylalcool (PVA), etc.) sont particulièrement avantageux à ce sujet car ils se dispersent dans l'eau lors du recyclage.The plastic material used in the printable layer (as a binder and / or pigments) is easily fragmented and does not pollute the pulp when it is recycled. On the contrary, the plastic films keep a cohesion and clog the filters during the resuspension of the paper pulp. Water-soluble binders (such as starch, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), etc.) are particularly advantageous in this regard because they disperse in water during recycling.

Le couchage papetier peut en outre comprendre un dispersant et/ou un modificateur rhéologique et/ou un colorant et/ou un agent de surface ou d'étalement et/ou un additif conducteur. Cet additif conducteur peut être utilisé pour diminuer la résistivité surfacique de la feuille.The papermaking coating may further comprise a dispersant and / or a rheological modifier and / or a colorant and / or a surfactant or spreader and / or a conductive additive. This conductive additive can be used to reduce the surface resistivity of the sheet.

De préférence, la couche imprimable est exempte d'agent antiadhérent et/ou de produit susceptible de diminuer l'énergie de surface de la couche, tel qu'une matière siliconée ou analogue, du PVDF, du PP, du téflon, de la silice, du nitrure de bore, etc. Ce type d'agent ou produit peut être nécessaire pour une impression d'une couche par transfert thermique, en particulier pour éviter que le papier n'adhère au ruban de l'imprimante. La couche imprimable selon l'invention peut donc ne pas être imprimable par transfert thermique.Preferably, the printable layer is free from an anti-adhesive agent and / or product capable of reducing the surface energy of the layer, such as a silicone material or the like, PVDF, PP, Teflon, silica. , boron nitride, etc. This type of agent or product may be necessary for one-layer thermal transfer printing, in particular to prevent paper from adhering to the printer ribbon. The printable layer according to the invention may therefore not be printable by thermal transfer.

La couche imprimable peut être formée de plusieurs sous-couches superposées les unes sur les autres, chaque sous-couche étant imprimable et étant choisie parmi les types précités (vernis imprimable, couchage papetier, etc.).The printable layer can be formed from several sublayers superimposed on one another, each sublayer being printable and being chosen from the aforementioned types (printable varnish, papermaking coating, etc.).

La couche imprimable peut avoir une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 30µm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 15µm, et plus préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à 10µm. Son grammage est avantageusement inférieur ou égal à 30g/m2, de préférence inférieur ou égal à 15g/m2, et plus préférentiellement inférieur ou égal à 10g/m2. La couche imprimable peut par exemple avoir une épaisseur et un grammage qui sont inférieurs ou égaux aux valeurs combinées suivantes : 10µm et 10g/m2, 3µm et 10g/m2, 2µm et 10g/m2, 5µm et 5g/m2, 3µm et 5g/m2, 2µm et 5g/m2, 5µm et 2g/m2, 3µm et 2µ/m2, ou 2µm et 2µ/m2.The printable layer may have a thickness less than or equal to 30 μm, preferably less than or equal to 15 μm, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 μm. Its weight is advantageously less than or equal at 30 g / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 15 g / m 2 , and more preferably less than or equal to 10 g / m 2 . The printable layer can for example have a thickness and a basis weight which are less than or equal to the following combined values: 10 .mu.m and 10 g / m 2, 3 microns and 10 g / m 2, 2 .mu.m and 10 g / m 2, 5 .mu.m and 5 g / m 2, 3µm and 5g / m 2 , 2µm and 5g / m 2 , 5µm and 2g / m 2 , 3µm and 2µ / m 2 , or 2µm and 2µ / m 2 .

La couche imprimable peut être déposée sur la couche antiadhésive par une technique quelconque, et par exemple par héliogravure.The printable layer can be deposited on the release layer by any technique, for example by gravure printing.

La couche imprimable peut être déposée sur la couche antiadhésive à l'état liquide ou semi-liquide puis être solidifiée par séchage, chauffage, ou par radiation UV ou électronique. Après solidification et/ou séchage, la couche imprimable, qui est en contact avec la face lisse du film plastique par l'intermédiaire de la couche antiadhésive, présente une face lisse, située du côté du film plastique.The printable layer can be deposited on the non-stick layer in the liquid or semi-liquid state and then be solidified by drying, heating, or by UV or electronic radiation. After solidification and / or drying, the printable layer, which is in contact with the smooth face of the plastic film via the release layer, has a smooth face, located on the side of the plastic film.

La couche imprimable est donc séchée et/ou solidifiée avant son transfert sur le substrat, en particulier pour ne pas modifier l'état de surface de cette couche conféré par le film plastique. Autrement dit, la structure multicouche est préparée préalablement au transfert de la couche imprimable sur le substrat, et la couche imprimable est à l'état solide et/ou sec pendant son transfert sur le substrat, c'est-à-dire aux étapes b/ et c/ du procédé selon l'invention. L'état de surface de la couche imprimable est donc créé pendant la préparation de la structure multicouche.The printable layer is therefore dried and / or solidified before its transfer to the substrate, in particular so as not to modify the surface state of this layer provided by the plastic film. In other words, the multilayer structure is prepared prior to the transfer of the printable layer to the substrate, and the printable layer is in the solid and / or dry state during its transfer to the substrate, that is to say in steps b / and c / of the method according to the invention. The surface condition of the printable layer is therefore created during the preparation of the multilayer structure.

Dans le procédé selon l'invention, la fabrication de la couche imprimable est donc réalisée indépendamment de celle du substrat de base. Cela permet notamment de mettre en oeuvre le procédé avec des outils industriels standard, ce qui autorise des vitesses de production optimales. Selon une autre caractéristique, le procédé comprend, avant l'étape a, une étape préliminaire consistant à réaliser, par exemple par gravure, des motifs en creux et/ou en relief sur la face du film plastique destinée à recevoir la couche antiadhésive et la couche imprimable, la couche imprimable étant destinée à épouser la forme de ces motifs de manière à comprendre une empreinte de la face précitée du film plastique.In the method according to the invention, the manufacture of the printable layer is therefore carried out independently of that of the base substrate. This makes it possible in particular to implement the process with standard industrial tools, which allows optimum production speeds. According to another characteristic, the method comprises, before step a, a preliminary step consisting in producing, for example by engraving, hollow and / or raised patterns on the face of the plastic film intended to receive the non-stick layer and the printable layer, the printable layer being intended to match the shape of these patterns so as to include an imprint of the aforementioned face of the plastic film.

La structure multicouche peut comprendre au moins une couche supplémentaire déposée sur la couche imprimable, du côté opposé au film plastique, la face libre de cette couche supplémentaire ou de la couche supplémentaire la plus éloignée du film plastique étant destinée, à l'étape b/, à être encollée et appliquée contre la face précitée du substrat.The multilayer structure can comprise at least one additional layer deposited on the printable layer, on the side opposite to the plastic film, the free face of this additional layer or of the additional layer furthest from the plastic film being intended, in step b / , to be glued and applied against the aforementioned face of the substrate.

La ou les couches supplémentaires peuvent être fonctionnelles ou non fonctionnelles. Elles peuvent par exemple être isolantes (diélectriques) ou former une barrière (aux gaz, par exemple à l'oxygène, aux liquides, par exemple à l'eau, aux graisses, etc.).The additional layer (s) may or may not be functional. They can for example be insulating (dielectric) or form a barrier (to gases, for example to oxygen, to liquids, for example to water, to greases, etc.).

Dans le cas où la structure multicouche comprend une seule couche supplémentaire, celle-ci est déposée sur la face supérieure de la couche imprimable, c'est-à-dire sur la face de la couche imprimable, située du côté opposé au film plastique de la structure multicouche. Cette couche supplémentaire peut être de n'importe quelle nature, et n'est donc pas forcément imprimable. Dans le cas où la structure multicouche comprend deux ou plusieurs couches supplémentaires, ces couches supplémentaires sont superposées les unes sur les autres et déposées sur la face supérieure précitée de la couche imprimable. La ou les techniques employées pour déposer la ou les couches supplémentaires sur la couche imprimable peuvent être des types précités, ou de tout autre type.In the case where the multilayer structure comprises a single additional layer, it is deposited on the upper face of the printable layer, that is to say on the face of the printable layer, located on the side opposite the plastic film of the multilayer structure. This additional layer can be of any kind, and is therefore not necessarily printable. In the case where the multilayer structure comprises two or more additional layers, these additional layers are superimposed on each other and deposited on the aforementioned upper face of the printable layer. The technique (s) employed to deposit the additional layer (s) on the printable layer may be of the aforementioned types, or of any other type.

La structure multicouche peut donc comprendre en plus des trois éléments précités (un film plastique, une couche antiadhésive, et une couche imprimable), une ou plusieurs couches supplémentaires, qui sont imprimables ou non, sur la couche imprimable (du côté opposé au film plastique). La structure multicouche peut en outre comprendre une couche ou un film de colle recouvrant la couche la plus éloignée du film plastique (c'est-à-dire la couche imprimable ou la ou une couche supplémentaire).The multilayer structure can therefore comprise, in addition to the three aforementioned elements (a plastic film, a non-stick layer, and a printable layer), one or more additional layers, which are printable or not, on the printable layer (on the side opposite the plastic film ). The multilayer structure may further comprise a layer or a film of adhesive covering the layer furthest from the plastic film (that is to say the printable layer or the additional layer (s)).

L'étape b/ du procédé selon l'invention consiste à encoller la face du substrat destinée à recevoir la couche imprimable, ou la face de la structure multicouche, située du côté opposé au film plastique, et à appliquer ces faces l'une contre l'autre, de façon à les fixer.Step b / of the method according to the invention consists in gluing the face of the substrate intended to receive the printable layer, or the face of the multilayer structure, located on the side opposite to the plastic film, and in applying these faces against each other. the other, so as to fix them.

Le substrat peut être choisi parmi un papier, un papier calque, un papier cartonné, et un papier couché ou précouché. Le papier peut avoir une main relativement importante supérieure ou égale à 1,10cm3/g, de préférence supérieure ou égale à 1,2cm3/g, plus préférentiellement supérieure ou égale à 1,3cm3/g, plus particulièrement supérieure ou égale à 1,4cm3/g, et encore plus particulièrement supérieure ou égale à 1,5cm3/g.The substrate can be selected from paper, tracing paper, card stock, and coated or pre-coated paper. The paper can have a relatively large hand greater than or equal to 1.10cm 3 / g, preferably greater than or equal to 1.2cm 3 / g, more preferably greater than or equal to 1.3cm 3 / g, more particularly greater than or equal to at 1.4cm 3 / g, and even more particularly greater than or equal to 1.5cm 3 / g.

Le procédé selon l'invention permet de réaliser une feuille ayant à la fois une main et un lissé importants, ce qui n'était pas possible avec la technique antérieure. Il n'était en effet pas possible dans la technique antérieure de réaliser une feuille avec une main importante et une grande qualité de surface. Un substrat ayant une main importante peut être formé d'un matériau peu coûteux. Dans le cas d'un papier, la pâte à papier utilisée peut comprendre des fibres cellulosiques, un liant, et une faible proportion de charges et/ou d'adjuvants, tels que de l'amidon.The method according to the invention makes it possible to produce a sheet having both high hand and smoothness, which was not possible with the prior art. It was indeed not possible in the prior art to produce a sheet with a large hand and a high surface quality. A substrate having a large hand can be formed from an inexpensive material. In the case of paper, the paper pulp used can comprise cellulose fibers, a binder, and a small proportion of fillers and / or adjuvants, such as starch.

Dans un exemple particulier de réalisation de l'invention, le procédé selon l'invention entraîne une faible diminution, de 2 à 5% environ, de la main du substrat papier.In a particular exemplary embodiment of the invention, the method according to the invention results in a slight decrease, from about 2 to 5%, in the handling of the paper substrate.

Une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse et ayant une main importante, fabriquée avec le procédé selon l'invention, a une bonne imprimabilité et un faible grammage, ce qui permet réaliser des emballages légers mais ayant une rigidité relativement importante.A smooth or ultra smooth sheet and having a large hand, produced with the method according to the invention, has good printability and low basis weight, which allows packaging to be produced which are light but having relatively high rigidity.

Lors de l'étape b/ du procédé, la face à revêtir du substrat ou la face libre de la couche imprimable ou d'une couche supplémentaire de la structure multicouche, est encollée au moyen d'une colle appropriée.During step b / of the process, the face to be coated with the substrate or the free face of the printable layer or of an additional layer of the multilayer structure, is glued using an appropriate glue.

En variante, les deux faces précitées du substrat et de la structure multicouche sont encollées simultanément, ou l'une après l'autre.As a variant, the aforementioned two faces of the substrate and of the multilayer structure are glued simultaneously, or one after the other.

L'encollage consiste à déposer une couche de colle sur la ou les faces précitées, par une technique quelconque, telle que par exemple par héliogravure. La colle peut être du type thermique, non thermique, par réticulation UV ou par réaction chimique. La colle peut être déposée sur la ou sur chaque face précitée sous forme liquide ou non liquide (dans le cas par exemple d'un film thermoadhésif). Cette colle est par exemple choisie parmi les polymères suivants : acrylique, polyuréthane, polyméthylméthacrylate, styrène butadiène, vinyl acétate, polyamide, nitrocellulose ou de toute autre cellulose, polyvinylalcool ou amidon. La ou chaque couche de colle déposée peut avoir une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 10µm, et de préférence inférieure ou égale à 3µm.The sizing consists in depositing a layer of adhesive on the aforementioned face (s), by any technique, such as, for example, by gravure printing. The glue can be of the thermal, non-thermal, UV crosslinking or chemical reaction type. The glue can be deposited on the or on each aforementioned face in liquid or non-liquid form (in the case for example of a thermoadhesive film). This adhesive is, for example, chosen from the following polymers: acrylic, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol or starch. The or each layer of adhesive deposited may have a thickness less than or equal to 10 μm, and preferably less than or equal to 3 μm.

Dans un cas particulier de réalisation de l'invention, la colle est déposée sur la face précitée de la structure multicouche pendant la préparation de cette structure. Cette colle fait alors partie à part entière de la structure multicouche. La colle peut être formée par une couche adhésive thermoactivable, cette couche étant activée par chauffage lors de l'application de la structure multicouche sur le substrat (receveur).In a particular embodiment of the invention, the glue is deposited on the aforementioned face of the multilayer structure during the preparation of this structure. This glue is then an integral part of the multilayer structure. The glue can be formed by a heat-activatable adhesive layer, this layer being activated by heating during the application of the multilayer structure on the substrate (receiver).

La nature de la colle et le processus de collage (sur le film et/ou sur le papier) peuvent avoir une influence importante sur l'état de surface final du papier. Il est par exemple important que la dépose de la colle soit uniforme et d'éviter la formation de cavités entre le papier et la couche imprimable.The nature of the glue and the gluing process (on the film and / or on the paper) can have a significant influence on the final surface finish of the paper. For example, it is important for the adhesive to be deposited uniformly and to avoid the formation of cavities between the paper and the printable layer.

Concernant l'uniformité de la dépose de la colle, la dépose de la colle est de préférence homogène pour éviter des excès et/ou des manques de colle par endroit, ce qui se traduirait par une feuille finale présentant des rugosités de surface. Avantageusement, la colle s'étale parfaitement sur le support (film ou papier) en ayant une tension de surface et une rhéologie adéquates.Regarding the uniformity of the deposit of the adhesive, the deposit of the adhesive is preferably homogeneous to avoid excess and / or lack of adhesive in places, which would result in a final sheet having surface roughness. Advantageously, the glue spreads perfectly on the support (film or paper) while having an adequate surface tension and rheology.

Le mode d'enduction de la colle peut également avoir une importance. Les modes d'enduction qui génèrent le moins possible d'hétérogénéité de dépose, tels que l'héliogravure (reverse roll ou kiss coating) sont préférés. La dépose est de préférence choisie pour remplir au maximum les pores ou irrégularités de surface du papier. A titre d'exemple, lorsqu'un papier a une rugosité moyenne (par exemple Sa) de surface de 20µm environ, une dépose de colle ayant une épaisseur d'au moins 10µm est préférable pour combler les pores. Le dépôt de colle est de préférence réalisé sur le papier lorsque ce dernier est trop rugueux. Si la dépose sur le papier est insuffisante, il se forme alors des cavités entre la surface du papier et la couche imprimable. Lors de l'impression, ces cavités vont devenir des points de fragilité du papier qui pourront alors soit s'enfoncer, si on exerce une pression, soit s'arracher, si on exerce une traction.The way the glue is coated can also be important. The coating methods which generate the least possible deposit heterogeneity, such as gravure (reverse roll or kiss coating) are preferred. The deposit is preferably chosen to fill the pores or surface irregularities of the paper as much as possible. By way of example, when a paper has an average surface roughness (for example Sa) of approximately 20 μm, a deposit of adhesive having a thickness of at least 10 μm is preferable to fill the pores. The glue is preferably deposited on the paper when the latter is too rough. If the deposit on the paper is insufficient, then cavities form between the surface of the paper and the printable layer. During printing, these cavities will become points of weakness in the paper which can then either sink in, if you exert pressure, or tear off, if you exert traction.

Avantageusement, l'épaisseur de colle déposée sur le papier et/ou la couche imprimable est égale à au moins la moitié de la rugosité moyenne de surface (par exemple Ra ou Sa) du papier. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la colle est déposée sur au moins une face du substrat à l'étape b/, et l'épaisseur de la couche de colle déposée est au moins égale à la moitié de la rugosité moyenne de la face du substrat, et est de préférence égale à cette rugosité moyenne.Advantageously, the thickness of adhesive deposited on the paper and / or the printable layer is equal to at least half of the average surface roughness (for example Ra or Sa) of the paper. In one embodiment of the invention, the adhesive is deposited on at least one face of the substrate in step b /, and the thickness of the adhesive layer deposited is at least equal to half of the average roughness of the face of the substrate, and is preferably equal to this average roughness.

La colle peut être à base aqueuse, solvant, sans solvant, bicomposant ou monocomposant.The glue can be water-based, solvent-free, solvent-free, two-component or one-component.

La colle permet de fixer la couche imprimable (ou une couche supplémentaire) sur le substrat et, le cas échéant, de compenser les irrégularités de surface du substrat. La colle comble notamment les creux de la face à revêtir du substrat et permet donc d'aplanir cette face, sans toutefois modifier les caractéristiques du substrat, telles que sa main.The glue makes it possible to fix the printable layer (or an additional layer) on the substrate and, if necessary, to compensate for the surface irregularities of the substrate. The glue fills in particular the hollows of the face to be coated with the substrate and therefore makes it possible to flatten this face, without however modifying the characteristics of the substrate, such as its hand.

L'étape b/ du procédé consiste ensuite à appliquer la face précitée du substrat sur la face précitée de la structure multicouche, de façon à les laminer ou à les contrecoller. La couche imprimable est alors prise en sandwich entre d'une part le substrat et la colle (et le cas échéant une ou plusieurs couches supplémentaires), d'un côté, et d'autre part le film plastique et la couche antiadhésive, de l'autre côté.Step b / of the process then consists in applying the aforementioned face of the substrate to the aforementioned face of the multilayer structure, so as to laminate them or to laminate them. The printable layer is then sandwiched between on the one hand the substrate and the adhesive (and if necessary one or more additional layers), on the one hand, and on the other hand the plastic film and the non-stick layer, on the other hand. 'other side.

Dans le cas où la colle utilisée pour coller le substrat sur la structure multicouche est du type thermoadhésif, l'application du substrat sur la structure multicouche est réalisée à chaud, à une température donnée, qui est par exemple comprise entre 50 et 200°C environ. En variante, l'application et le collage du substrat sur la structure multicouche peuvent être réalisés à température ambiante.In the case where the glue used to bond the substrate to the multilayer structure is of the thermoadhesive type, the application of the substrate to the multilayer structure is carried out hot, at a given temperature, which is for example between 50 and 200 ° C. about. As a variant, the application and bonding of the substrate to the multilayer structure can be carried out at room temperature.

Une légère pression peut être nécessaire pour assurer une bonne adhésion de la couche imprimable sur le substrat, par l'intermédiaire de la colle.A slight pressure may be necessary to ensure good adhesion of the printable layer on the substrate, by means of the adhesive.

La température et/ou la pression utilisées lors de l'application et du collage ne doivent toutefois pas modifier les caractéristiques de la couche imprimable, et en particulier l'état de surface de sa face située du côté du film plastique. Par exemple, la couche imprimable ne doit pas être ramollie par l'application d'une température élevée, car cela pourrait entraîner une modification et/ou une diminution de la qualité de surface de sa face, située du côté du film plastique.The temperature and / or the pressure used during application and bonding must not, however, modify the characteristics of the printable layer, and in particular the surface condition of its face located on the side of the plastic film. For example, the printable layer should not be softened by the application of a high temperature, as this could lead to a modification and / or a decrease in the surface quality of its face, located on the side of the plastic film.

L'étape c/ du procédé consiste ensuite à retirer le film plastique de la couche imprimable et du substrat, de façon à ce que la couche imprimable (et le cas échéant la ou les couches supplémentaires précitées de la structure multicouche) restent sur le substrat. La couche imprimable, et le cas échéant la ou les couches supplémentaires, sont donc transférées depuis le film plastique appelé donneur, de la structure multicouche, sur le substrat appelé receveur.Step c / of the process then consists in removing the plastic film from the printable layer and from the substrate, so that the printable layer (and where appropriate the aforementioned additional layer (s) of the multilayer structure) remain on the substrate . The printable layer, and where appropriate the additional layer or layers, are therefore transferred from the plastic film called donor, of the multilayer structure, onto the substrate called recipient.

Comme expliqué dans ce qui précède, au moins une partie et avantageusement la majorité voire la totalité de la couche antiadhésive peut rester sur le film plastique et est alors retirée de la couche imprimable, lors du retrait du film plastique. La face de la couche imprimable, qui était située du côté du film plastique dans la structure multicouche, est donc mise à nue, cette face définissant la face lisse de la feuille.As explained in the foregoing, at least part and advantageously the majority or even all of the non-stick layer can remain on the plastic film and is then removed from the printable layer, during the removal of the plastic film. The face of the printable layer, which was located on the side of the plastic film in the multilayer structure, is therefore exposed, this face defining the smooth face of the sheet.

Le transfert de la couche imprimable de la structure multicouche sur le substrat, aux étapes b/ et c/ du procédé, peut être réalisé de la façon suivante, lorsque le substrat et la structure multicouche se présentent sous forme de bandes continues.The transfer of the printable layer from the multilayer structure onto the substrate, in steps b / and c / of the process, can be carried out as follows, when the substrate and the multilayer structure are in the form of continuous bands.

Le laminage ou contrecollage de la structure multicouche et du substrat peut être réalisé en passant ces deux éléments entre deux rouleaux mécaniques parallèles et adjacents, tournant dans des sens opposés. L'épaisseur du produit obtenu est notamment fonction de la distance entre les rouleaux. Une fois que la colle est sèche ou solidifiée, le film plastique est retiré de la feuille pendant que celle-ci est entraînée par un autre rouleau mécanique.The lamination or lamination of the multilayer structure and of the substrate can be carried out by passing these two elements between two parallel and adjacent mechanical rollers, rotating in opposite directions. The thickness of the product obtained depends in particular on the distance between the rollers. Once the glue is dry or solidified, the plastic film is removed from the sheet while the sheet is driven by another mechanical roller.

En variante, on peut encoller soit la structure multicouche soit le substrat, faire sécher la colle, puis mettre en contact ces deux éléments l'un contre l'autre en appliquant une température et une pression déterminées.As a variant, it is possible to glue either the multilayer structure or the substrate, allow the glue to dry, then bring these two elements into contact with one another by applying a determined temperature and pressure.

Le procédé peut en outre consister en ce que, avant l'étape b/, la face précitée du substrat est précouchée avec au moins une couche de lissage comportant un ou plusieurs polymères thermoplastiques (tels qu'au moins une polystyrène, un polyuréthane, un acrylique, etc.) ou un mélange de pigments (tels que les kaolins, les carbonates de calcium, le talc, le dioxyde de titane, etc., et leurs mélanges) et d'au moins un liant (tel que à base d'acrylique, de polyuréthane, de polyméthylméthacrylate, de styrène butadiène, de vinyl acétate, de polyamide, de nitrocellulose ou de toute autre cellulose, d'amidon ou de PVA).The method may further consist in that, before step b /, the aforementioned face of the substrate is precoated with at least one smoothing layer comprising one or more thermoplastic polymers (such as at least one polystyrene, a polyurethane, a acrylic, etc.) or a mixture of pigments (such as kaolins, calcium carbonates, talc, titanium dioxide, etc., and mixtures thereof) and at least one binder (such as based on acrylic, polyurethane, polymethylmethacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, starch or PVA).

Cette face précouchée du substrat peut en outre être calandrée, avant l'étape b/, pour augmenter son lissé.This precoated face of the substrate can also be calendered, before step b /, to increase its smoothness.

Le procédé selon l'invention peut comprendre une étape supplémentaire consistant à imprimer la feuille avec une encre ayant des propriétés électriques et/ou optiques.The method according to the invention can comprise an additional step consisting in printing the sheet with an ink having electrical and / or optical properties.

La présente invention concerne en outre un procédé de préparation d'une structure multicouche comprenant au moins, ou constituée par, un film plastique, une couche antiadhésive, et une couche imprimable, la couche antiadhésive étant intercalée entre le film plastique et la couche imprimable.The present invention further relates to a process for preparing a multilayer structure comprising at least, or constituted by, a plastic film, a release layer, and a printable layer, the release layer being interposed between the plastic film and the printable layer.

La présente invention concerne encore un procédé d'impression d'une feuille préparée par le procédé décrit ci-dessus, ce procédé comprenant une étape d'impression de la feuille sans modification de l'état de sa couche imprimable, c'est à dire sans ramollissement ou fusion de cette couche pendant l'impression. La feuille est par exemple imprimée par Offset, jet d'encre, laser, hélio, fléxo, toner sec, toner liquide, électrophotographie, lithographie, etc.The present invention also relates to a method of printing a sheet prepared by the method described above, this method comprising a step of printing the sheet without modifying the state of its printable layer, that is to say without softening or melting of this layer during printing. The sheet is for example printed by offset, inkjet, laser, gravure, flexo, dry toner, liquid toner, electrophotography, lithography, etc.

La présente invention concerne de plus un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille pour application casting présentant au moins une face lisse, cette feuille comportant un substrat, en particulier en papier, dont au moins une face est recouverte au moins en partie d'une couche ou de plusieurs couches superposées, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à :

  • a/ préparer ou apporter une structure multicouche comprenant au moins, ou constituée par, un film plastique, une couche antiadhésive, et une couche pour application casting, la couche antiadhésive étant intercalée entre le film plastique et la couche pour application casting,
  • b/ encoller une face du substrat et/ou la face de la structure multicouche située du côté opposé au film plastique, et appliquer la face précitée du substrat contre la face précitée de la structure multicouche, de façon à contrecoller la structure multicouche et le substrat, et
  • c/ retirer le film plastique de la couche pour application casting, cette couche définissant ladite face lisse de la feuille.
The present invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet for casting application having at least one smooth face, this sheet comprising a substrate, in particular made of paper, at least one face of which is covered at least in part with a layer. or more superimposed layers, the method comprising the steps of:
  • a / prepare or provide a multilayer structure comprising at least, or constituted by, a plastic film, a non-stick layer, and a layer for casting application, the non-stick layer being interposed between the plastic film and the layer for casting application,
  • b / glue one face of the substrate and / or the face of the multilayer structure located on the side opposite the plastic film, and apply the aforementioned face of the substrate against the aforementioned face of the multilayer structure, so as to laminate the multilayer structure and the substrate , and
  • c / removing the plastic film from the layer for casting application, this layer defining said smooth face of the sheet.

La couche pour application casting est par exemple une couche de PVA. La couche pour application casting peut avoir des propriétés antiadhérentes.The layer for casting application is for example a layer of PVA. The coating for casting application may have non-stick properties.

La présente invention concerne également une feuille imprimable présentant au moins une face lisse, et avantageusement ultra lisse, cette feuille comprenant un substrat, en particulier en papier, dont au moins une face est recouverte au moins en partie d'une ou plusieurs couches, dont une couche imprimable par impression Offset, jet d'encre, laser, hélio, fléxo, toner sec, toner liquide, électrophotographie et/ou lithographie et définissant ladite face lisse ou ultra lisse, caractérisée en ce que cette face lisse ou ultra lisse a un lissé Bekk supérieur à 2000s, et plus préférentiellement supérieur à 5000s et une brillance supérieure à 70%, et de préférence supérieure à 80%, cette brillance étant mesurée à 75° selon la méthode TAPPI T480 om-92.The present invention also relates to a printable sheet having at least one smooth face, and advantageously ultra smooth, this sheet comprising a substrate, in particular made of paper, at least one face of which is covered at least in part with one or more layers, of which a layer printable by offset printing, inkjet, laser, gravure, flexo, dry toner, liquid toner, electrophotography and / or lithography and defining said smooth or ultra smooth face, characterized in that this smooth or ultra smooth face has a Bekk smoothness greater than 2000 seconds, and more preferably greater than 5000 seconds and a gloss greater than 70%, and preferably greater than 80%, this gloss being measured at 75 ° according to the TAPPI T480 om-92 method.

La couche imprimable de la feuille peut avoir une épaisseur inférieure ou égale à 30µm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 15µm, et plus préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à 10µm. Le grammage de la couche imprimable peut être inférieur ou égal à 30g/m2, de préférence inférieur ou égal à 15g/m2, et plus préférentiellement inférieur ou égal à 10g/m2 La couche imprimable peut par exemple avoir une épaisseur et un grammage qui sont inférieurs ou égaux aux valeurs combinées suivantes : 10µm et 10g/m2, 3µm et 10g/m2, 2µm et 10g/m2, 5µm et 5g/m2, 3µm et 3g/m2, 2µm et 5g/m2, 5µm et 2g/m2, 3µm et 2g/m2, ou 2µm et 2g/m2.The printable layer of the sheet may have a thickness less than or equal to 30 μm, preferably less than or equal to 15 μm, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 μm. The basis weight of the printable layer may be less than or equal to 30 g / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 15 g / m 2 , and more preferably less than or equal to 10 g / m 2 The printable layer may for example have a thickness and a thickness grammage which are less than or equal to the following combined values: 10µm and 10g / m 2 , 3µm and 10g / m 2 , 2µm and 10g / m 2 , 5µm and 5g / m 2 , 3µm and 3g / m 2 , 2µm and 5g / m 2 , 5µm and 2g / m 2 , 3µm and 2g / m 2 , or 2µm and 2g / m 2 .

La présente invention concerne encore l'utilisation d'une feuille imprimable telle que décrite ci-dessus, pour la réalisation d'un composant électronique et/ou optique, cette feuille étant imprimée au moyen d'une encre ayant des propriétés électriques et/ou optiques.The present invention also relates to the use of a printable sheet as described above, for the production of an electronic and / or optical component, this sheet being printed by means of an ink having electrical and / or electrical properties. optics.

La feuille selon l'invention peut être compatible avec des encres organiques électroniques pour des applications électroniques, telles que par exemple la réalisation de puces RFID (de l'anglais Radio Frequency Identification), de systèmes d'affichage ou de détection, etc., directement sur la feuille.The sheet according to the invention can be compatible with organic electronic inks for applications electronic devices, such as, for example, the production of RFID ( Radio Frequency Identification ) chips, display or detection systems, etc., directly on the sheet.

Dans la technique antérieure, une puce RFID pouvait être réalisée sur une feuille formée d'un film plastique en polyéthylène téréphtalate (PET). Cependant, ce film plastique a une tenue mécanique et en température relativement faibles, ce qui limite les applications possibles de la puce et empêche l'impression du film avec des encres à des températures relativement élevées. De plus, le film en PET n'est pas recyclable de façon simple. Au contraire, lorsque le substrat de la feuille selon l'invention est réalisé en papier, cette feuille a une meilleure tenue mécanique et aux températures élevées.In the prior art, an RFID chip could be made on a sheet formed from a plastic film of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, this plastic film has relatively low mechanical and temperature resistance, which limits the possible applications of the chip and prevents printing of the film with inks at relatively high temperatures. In addition, the PET film is not easily recyclable. On the contrary, when the substrate of the sheet according to the invention is made of paper, this sheet has better mechanical strength and at high temperatures.

Une feuille imprimée avec une encre ayant des propriétés électriques, comprend avantageusement un substrat flexible et une couche imprimable peu ou pas électriquement conductrice. Ce type de feuille peut être utilisé pour réaliser des transistors organiques en film mince au moyen d'encres organiques conductrices ou semi-conductrices.A sheet printed with an ink having electrical properties advantageously comprises a flexible substrate and a printable layer that is little or no electrically conductive. This type of sheet can be used to make organic thin film transistors using organic conductive or semi-conductive inks.

La feuille selon l'invention peut être également utilisée pour réaliser des composants optiques, tels que des guides d'onde, des motifs holographiques, etc.The sheet according to the invention can also be used to produce optical components, such as waveguides, holographic patterns, etc.

A titre d'exemple, le procédé défini ci-dessus peut comprendre, avant l'étape a/, une étape préliminaire consistant à réaliser, par exemple par gravure, des motifs en creux et/ou en relief sur la face du film plastique destinée à recevoir la couche antiadhésive et la couche imprimable, la couche imprimable étant destinée à épouser la forme de ces motifs de manière à comprendre une empreinte de la face précitée du film plastique.By way of example, the method defined above may comprise, before step a /, a preliminary step consisting in producing, for example by etching, hollow and / or raised patterns on the face of the plastic film intended for in receiving the release layer and the printable layer, the printable layer being intended to match the shape of these patterns so as to include an imprint of the aforementioned face of the plastic film.

Dans ce cas, le transfert de l'état de surface du film à la couche imprimable comprend à la fois un transfert du lissé et des motifs du film plastique. Les motifs transférés sur la couche imprimable présentent eux-mêmes des surfaces et/ou des parois ayant un aspect lisse et étant définis de manière précise. Ce procédé est alors particulièrement avantageux pour la réalisation de composants optiques des types précités.In this case, the transfer of the surface condition of the film to the printable layer comprises both a transfer of the smoothness and the patterns of the plastic film. The patterns transferred to the printable layer themselves have surfaces and / or walls having a smooth appearance and being precisely defined. This method is then particularly advantageous for the production of optical components of the aforementioned types.

La présente invention concerne enfin l'utilisation d'une feuille imprimable telle que décrite ci-dessus, pour l'impression d'une image photographique, pour la réalisation d'un emballage, et/ou pour une application casting. The present invention finally relates to the use of a printable sheet as described above, for printing a photographic image, for producing packaging, and / or for a casting application.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres détails, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente de manière très schématique des étapes du procédé selon l'invention de fabrication d'une feuille imprimable lisse ou ultra lisse ;
  • la figure 2 représente de manière très schématique une variante de réalisation du procédé selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 3 et 4 représentent de manière très schématique des moyens de réalisation de l'étape de transfert du procédé selon l'invention ; et
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont des images obtenues par un microscope électronique à balayage (MEB) d'une face d'un papier de base et d'une face d'une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse obtenue par le procédé selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 represents very schematically the steps of the method according to the invention for manufacturing a smooth or ultra-smooth printable sheet;
  • the figure 2 very schematically represents an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention;
  • the figures 3 and 4 very schematically represent means of carrying out the transfer step of the method according to the invention; and
  • the figures 5 and 6 are images obtained by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of a face of a base paper and of a face of a smooth or ultra-smooth sheet obtained by the method according to the invention.

On se réfère d'abord à la figure 1 qui représente de manière très schématique des étapes a/, b/ et c/ du procédé selon l'invention de fabrication d'une feuille imprimable lisse ou ultra lisse 10 et entièrement recyclable.We refer first to the figure 1 which very schematically represents steps a /, b / and c / of the process according to the invention for manufacturing a smooth or ultra-smooth printable sheet 10 and fully recyclable.

L'étape a/ du procédé consiste à préparer une structure multicouche 12 comportant un film plastique inférieur 14, une couche intermédiaire antiadhésive 16 et une couche supérieure imprimable 18. La préparation de cette structure 12 peut être réalisée en une étape ou plusieurs étapes successives.Step a / of the process consists in preparing a multilayer structure 12 comprising a lower plastic film 14, a non-stick intermediate layer 16 and a printable upper layer 18. The preparation of this structure 12 can be carried out in one step or in several successive steps.

La couche antiadhésive 16 et la couche imprimable 18 peuvent être déposées simultanément sur le film plastique 14, par une technique de couchage au rideau par exemple.The non-stick layer 16 and the printable layer 18 can be deposited simultaneously on the plastic film 14, by a curtain coating technique for example.

En variante, la couche antiadhésive 16 est déposée sur le film plastique 14, puis la couche imprimable 18 est déposée sur la couche antiadhésive.As a variant, the non-stick layer 16 is deposited on the plastic film 14, then the printable layer 18 is deposited on the non-stick layer.

La qualité de surface de la face supérieure 20 du film plastique 14 est transmise à la face inférieure 22 de la couche imprimable 18 (par l'intermédiaire de la couche antiadhésive 16). Les caractéristiques de surface de la face 22 de la couche imprimable sont donc définies par celles de la face 20 du film plastique 14.The surface quality of the upper face 20 of the plastic film 14 is transmitted to the lower face 22 of the printable layer 18 (via the release layer 16). The surface characteristics of the face 22 of the printable layer are therefore defined by those of the face 20 of the plastic film 14.

A titre d'exemple, les rugosités de films et de papiers ont été testées à l'aide d'un appareil mesurant la topographie de type ALTISURF 500 de la société ALTIMET. Le premier film testé a une rugosité (par exemple Sa) de 1µm. Ce film a été utilisé pour transférer une couche imprimable sur un papier Bristol® de la société Arjowiggins. La rugosité mesurée de cette couche imprimable est de 1,1µm. Le second film a une rugosité de 0,5µm. Ce film a été utilisé pour transférer une couche imprimable sur un autre papier Bristol®. La rugosité mesurée de cette couche imprimable a été de 0,7µm. La rugosité (ou l'état de surface) du film a donc bien été transférée des films aux couches imprimables. Après séchage et/ou solidification de la couche imprimable, les caractéristiques de surface de la face 22 sont figées et ne sont pas destinées à être modifiées lors des autres étapes du procédé, et en particulier le transfert de la couche imprimable 18 sur un substrat 24, tel qu'un papier, à revêtir.By way of example, the roughness of films and papers were tested using a topography measuring device of the ALTISURF 500 type from the company ALTIMET. The first film tested has a roughness (for example Sa) of 1 µm. This film was used to transfer a printable layer onto Bristol® paper from Arjowiggins. The measured roughness of this printable layer is 1.1 μm. The second film has a roughness of 0.5 µm. This film was used to transfer a printable layer onto another Bristol® paper. The measured roughness of this printable layer was 0.7 μm. The roughness (or surface condition) of the film has therefore been transferred from the films to the printable layers. After drying and / or solidification of the printable layer, the surface characteristics of the face 22 are fixed and are not intended to be modified during the other steps of the process, and in particular the transfer of the printable layer 18 onto a substrate 24. , such as paper, to be coated.

La couche imprimable 18 peut être formée d'une résine ou d'un vernis imprimable ou d'un couchage papetier comportant un liant et des pigments. En variante, la couche imprimable peut comprendre deux ou plus sous-couches qui sont choisies parmi un vernis imprimable et un couchage papetier. Dans le cas où la couche imprimable comprend deux sous-couches : un vernis imprimable et un couchage papetier, le vernis imprimable est situé au dessus ou au dessous du couchage papetier, de sorte que la face inférieure 22 précitée de la couche imprimable soit définie par le vernis imprimable ou le couchage papetier.The printable layer 18 can be formed from a resin or a printable varnish or a papermaking coating comprising a binder and pigments. Alternatively, the printable layer may include two or more sublayers which are chosen from a printable varnish and a paper coating. In the case where the printable layer comprises two sub-layers: a printable varnish and a paper coating, the printable varnish is located above or below the paper coating, so that the aforementioned underside 22 of the printable layer is defined by printable varnish or paper coating.

L'étape b/ du procédé consiste à déposer une couche ou un film de colle 26 sur la face supérieure 28 de la couche imprimable 18 ou sur la face inférieure 30 à revêtir du substrat 24, voire sur ces deux faces 28, 30, puis à appliquer ces faces 28, 30 l'une contre l'autre pour laminer ou contrecoller la structure multicouche 12 et le substrat 24, et ainsi former un produit laminé ou contrecollé 32.Step b / of the method consists in depositing a layer or a film of adhesive 26 on the upper face 28 of the printable layer 18 or on the lower face 30 to be coated with the substrate 24, or even on these two faces 28, 30, then in applying these faces 28, 30 against each other in order to laminate or laminate the multilayer structure 12 and the substrate 24, and thus form a laminated or laminated product 32.

L'étape c/ du procédé consiste à retirer le film plastique 14 et la couche antiadhésive 16 de la couche imprimable 18, de façon à ce que seule cette couche 18 reste (avec la colle 26) sur le substrat 24.Step c / of the process consists in removing the plastic film 14 and the release layer 16 from the printable layer 18, so that only this layer 18 remains (with the glue 26) on the substrate 24.

Ces étapes b/ et c/ peuvent être réalisées simultanément ou l'une après l'autre. Dans ce dernier cas, la colle 26 est avantageusement à l'état sec et/ou solidifiée lors du retrait du film plastique 14.These steps b / and c / can be carried out simultaneously or one after the other. In the latter case, the glue 26 is advantageously in the dry state and / or solidified during the removal of the plastic film 14.

A l'issue de l'étape c/, la face 22 de la couche imprimable 18 est mise à nue, cette face étant lisse ou ultra lisse et ayant un lissé Bekk supérieur à 2000s.At the end of step c /, the face 22 of the printable layer 18 is exposed, this face being smooth or ultra smooth and having a Bekk smoothness greater than 2000 s.

Une partie de la couche antiadhésive 16 peut toutefois rester sur la face 22 de la couche imprimable 18 après le retrait du film plastique.However, part of the release layer 16 may remain on the face 22 of the printable layer 18 after the plastic film has been removed.

La couche 18 est imprimable par toute technique appropriée, l'encre étant destinée à être déposée sur la face lisse ou ultra lisse 22 de la feuille 10.Layer 18 is printable by any suitable technique, the ink being intended to be deposited on the smooth or ultra-smooth face 22 of sheet 10.

En variante, le substrat 24 peut être formé d'un papier couché ou précouché, c'est-à-dire un papier sur une face duquel une couche ou précouche 33 est déposée, celle-ci comportant un ou plusieurs polymères thermoplastiques ou un mélange de pigments et de liant. Cette couche ou précouche 33 est destinée à être déposée sur la face 30 précitée du substrat, et est avantageusement lissée par calandrage. Elle est ensuite destinée à être collée sur la face 28 de la couche imprimable 18.As a variant, the substrate 24 may be formed from a coated or precoated paper, that is to say a paper on one side of which a layer or precoat 33 is deposited, the latter comprising one or more thermoplastic polymers or a mixture. pigments and binder. This layer or precoat 33 is intended to be deposited on the aforementioned face 30 of the substrate, and is advantageously smoothed by calendering. It is then intended to be glued to the face 28 of the printable layer 18.

La figure 2 représente une variante de réalisation du procédé selon l'invention, et diffère du procédé précédemment décrit en référence à la figure 1, notamment en ce que la structure multicouche 12' comprend en outre au moins une couche supplémentaire 34 déposée sur la face supérieure 28 de la couche imprimable 18.The figure 2 represents an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, and differs from the method previously described with reference to figure 1 , in particular in that the multilayer structure 12 ′ further comprises at least one additional layer 34 deposited on the upper face 28 of the printable layer 18.

Plusieurs couches supplémentaires 34 superposées peuvent être déposées (simultanément ou successivement) sur la face 28 de la couche imprimable 18. Chacune des couches supplémentaires 34 peut être imprimable ou non imprimable.Several additional superimposed layers 34 can be deposited (simultaneously or successively) on the face 28 of the printable layer 18. Each of the additional layers 34 can be printable or non-printable.

Lors de l'étape b/, la face inférieure 30 du substrat 24 ou la face supérieure libre 36 de la couche supplémentaire 34 (la plus éloignée du film plastique, dans le cas ou la structure 12' comprend plusieurs couches supplémentaires) est recouverte de colle 26. En variante, ces deux faces 30, 36 son recouvertes de colle 26.During step b /, the lower face 30 of the substrate 24 or the free upper face 36 of the additional layer 34 (the furthest from the plastic film, in the case where the structure 12 ′ comprises several additional layers) is covered with glue 26. As a variant, these two faces 30, 36 are covered with glue 26.

Lors de l'étape c/, la structure multicouche 12' et le substrat 24 sont contrecollés ou laminés, de façon à former un produit laminé ou contrecollé 32', puis le film plastique 14 et la couche antiadhésive sont retirées, de façon à mettre à nue la face lisse ou ultra lisse 22 de la couche imprimable 18 de la feuille 10'.During step c /, the multilayer structure 12 'and the substrate 24 are laminated or laminated, so as to form a laminated or laminated product 32', then the plastic film 14 and the release layer are removed, so as to put bare the smooth or ultra smooth face 22 of the printable layer 18 of the sheet 10 '.

Comme c'est le cas en figure 1, la feuille de la figure 2 peut comprendre un substrat 24 préalablement précouché sur sa face 30, pour augmenter son lissé. La précouche 33 est du même type que celle décrite en référence à la figure 1.As is the case in figure 1 , the leaf of the figure 2 may include a substrate 24 precoated on its face 30, to increase its smoothness. The precoat 33 is of the same type as that described with reference to figure 1 .

Les figures 3 et 4 représentent de manière schématique des moyens de mise en oeuvre de l'étape c/ de transfert du procédé selon l'invention.The figures 3 and 4 schematically represent means for implementing step c / transfer of the method according to the invention.

Un premier rouleau 40 est prévu pour l'entraînement d'une bande continue de la structure multicouche 12 (formée d'un film plastique 14, d'une couche antiadhésive 16 et d'une couche imprimable 18 - et éventuellement de couche(s) supplémentaire(s) 34). Un second rouleau 42, parallèle et adjacent au premier rouleau 40, est prévu pour l'entraînement d'une bande continue du substrat 24.A first roller 40 is provided for driving a continuous strip of the multilayer structure 12 (formed of a plastic film 14, a non-stick layer 16 and a printable layer 18 - and possibly layer (s)) additional 34). A second roller 42, parallel and adjacent to the first roller 40, is provided for driving a continuous strip of the substrate 24.

Les rouleaux 40, 42 tournent dans des sens opposés et sont à faible distance l'un de l'autre, la structure multicouche 12 et le substrat 24 étant forcés de passer entre ces rouleaux et étant appliqués à une pression donnée l'un contre l'autre, pour assurer leur laminage ou contrecollage.The rollers 40, 42 rotate in opposite directions and are at a short distance from each other, the multilayer structure 12 and the substrate 24 being forced to pass between these rollers and being applied at a given pressure against each other. 'other, to ensure their lamination or lamination.

La colle 26 peut être déposée sur la structure multicouche 12 et/ou le substrat 24, comme indiqué dans ce qui précède, préalablement à cette étape de contrecollage, ou lors de cette étape de contrecollage. Dans ce dernier cas, la colle 26 peut être injectée entre la structure 12 et le substrat, préalablement à leur passage entre les rouleaux, comme cela est schématiquement représenté par la double flèche en figure 3.The glue 26 can be deposited on the multilayer structure 12 and / or the substrate 24, as indicated in the above, prior to this laminating step, or during this laminating step. In the latter case, the glue 26 can be injected between the structure 12 and the substrate, prior to their passage between the rollers, as is schematically represented by the double arrow in figure 3 .

Un troisième rouleau 44 entraîne dans une direction la feuille 10 formée par le substrat 24 et la couche imprimable 18, tandis que le film plastique 14 et la couche antiadhésive 16 sont entraînés dans une autre direction pour les séparer de la feuille 10.A third roll 44 drives the sheet 10 formed by the substrate 24 and the printable layer 18 in one direction, while the plastic film 14 and the release layer 16 are driven in another direction to separate them from the sheet 10.

Les figures 5 et 6 sont des images obtenues par un microscope électronique à balayage (MEB) d'une face d'un papier ou substrat de base 24 et d'une face lisse ou ultra lisse d'une feuille 10, fabriquée par le procédé selon l'invention, respectivement.The figures 5 and 6 are images obtained by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of a face of a paper or base substrate 24 and of a smooth or ultra-smooth face of a sheet 10, produced by the method according to the invention, respectively.

Le papier de base (figure 5) est ici formé de fibres cellulosiques entremêlées les unes aux autres et définissant une face rugueuse. La rugosité Sz de cette face est de l'ordre de 19,7µm, ce qui signifie que la hauteur maximale de surface, du plus haut point à la plus profonde vallée est égale à 19,7µm.The base paper ( figure 5 ) is here formed of cellulosic fibers intermingled with each other and defining a rough face. The roughness Sz of this face is of the order of 19.7 μm, which means that the maximum surface height, from the highest point to the deepest valley, is equal to 19.7 μm.

La feuille selon l'invention (figure 6) a une face lisse ou ultra lisse définie par sa couche imprimable qui a une rugosité Sz de l'ordre de 1,01µm, celle-ci étant comparable à celle d'un papier recouvert d'un film plastique, selon la technique antérieure, qui a une rugosité Sz de l'ordre de 1,5µm.The sheet according to the invention ( figure 6 ) has a smooth or ultra-smooth face defined by its printable layer which has a roughness Sz of the order of 1.01 μm, the latter being comparable to that of a paper covered with a plastic film, according to the prior art, which has a roughness Sz of the order of 1.5 μm.

Cette valeur de rugosité de 1,01µm de la feuille selon l'invention est donnée à titre indicatif et illustre un exemple particulier de réalisation de l'invention.This roughness value of 1.01 μm of the sheet according to the invention is given as an indication and illustrates a particular embodiment of the invention.

D'autres exemples illustrant la présente invention vont maintenant être décrits dans ce qui suitOther examples illustrating the present invention will now be described in the following.

Exemple 1 : Préparation d'une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse imprimable par OffsetExample 1: Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset

On a préparé une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse selon l'invention pour impression Offset, à partir d'une couche imprimable A ayant la composition suivante : Composition de la couche A Pigments Carbonate de calcium 1248g Hydrocarb® 60 OG (Omya) Liant Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrène 300g Acronal® S504 (BASF) Dispersant Acide sulfoccinique - isooctylester, sel de sodium 3g Agnique® EHS 75E (Cognis) Modificateur rhéologique Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère acrylique 0,6g Sterocoll® FD (BASF) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 0,2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) A smooth or ultra smooth sheet according to the invention for offset printing was prepared, from a printable layer A having the following composition: Composition of layer A Pigments Calcium carbonate 1248g Hydrocarb ® 60 OG (Omya) Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S504 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)

La couche imprimable A a une concentration finale en poids de 50% et une viscosité de 100cps, mesurée à l'aide d'un viscosimètre Brookfield®.Printable layer A has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 100cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.

La couche A est appliquée sur une face d'un film plastique en PET, qui est préalablement recouverte d'une couche antiadhésive à base de stéaro chlorure de chrome. La dépose de la couche A sur le film est d'environ 10g/m2. La couche A est ensuite séchée dans un four à 70°C. On obtient alors une structure multicouche constituée par le film plastique en PET une couche antiadhésive en stéaro chlorure de chrome et la couche imprimable A.Layer A is applied to one side of a plastic film in PET, which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride. The deposit of layer A on the film is approximately 10 g / m 2 . Layer A is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C. A multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer A.

La face libre de la couche A, c'est-à-dire la face située du côté opposé au film plastique, est encollée avec une colle Super-Lok® 364 de la société National Starch. La colle est déposée à raison de 3g/m2 sur la couche A. La face encollée de la couche A est appliquée contre un substrat formé par un papier Bristol® 335g/m2 fabriqué par la société Arjowiggins, puis l'ensemble est séché dans un four à 70°C. L'étape b/ du procédé est alors terminée.The free face of layer A, that is to say the face located on the side opposite the plastic film, is glued with a Super-Lok® 364 adhesive from the company National Starch. The glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer A. The glued side of layer A is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried. in an oven at 70 ° C. Step b / of the process is then completed.

Le film plastique et la couche antiadhésive sont ensuite retirés (lors de l'étape c/) pour ne laisser que la couche imprimable A et la colle sur le substrat papier.The plastic film and the release layer are then removed (during step c /) to leave only the printable layer A and the glue on the paper substrate.

La feuille préparée est imprimable par Offset. Elle n'est pas imprimable par transfert thermique. Ceci a été confirmé par un test d'impression de la feuille obtenue à l'exemple 1 avec une imprimante transfert thermique Canon Selphy CP800. Les transferts du jaune, du cyan et du magenta ont été mauvais, et le noir ne s'est pas du tout transféré. L'image finale n'était pas acceptable. Exemple 2 : Préparation d'une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse imprimable par Offset, à partir d'un papier bouffant ou ayant une main relativement importanteThe prepared sheet is printable by Offset. It is not printable by thermal transfer. This was confirmed by a printing test of the sheet obtained in Example 1 with a Canon Selphy CP800 thermal transfer printer. The transfers of yellow, cyan, and magenta were poor, and black did not transfer at all. The final image was not acceptable. Example 2: Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset, from a bulky paper or having a relatively large hand

La couche imprimable A de l'exemple 2 est préparée et appliquée de la même manière et dans les mêmes conditions que celles discutés dans l'exemple 1, sur un papier bouffant Elementa® bulk de la société Arjowiggins. Ce papier a une main initiale de 1,4cm3/g.Printable layer A of Example 2 is prepared and applied in the same manner and under the same conditions as those discussed in Example 1, on Elementa® bulk paper from the company Arjowiggins. This paper has an initial hand of 1.4cm 3 / g.

Exemple 3 : Préparation d'une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse imprimable par Offset, à partir d'un papier support précouchéExample 3: Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset, from a precoated support paper

La couche imprimable A de l'exemple 3 est préparée et appliquée de la même manière et dans les mêmes conditions que celles discutés dans l'exemple 1, sur un papier précouché Maine Gloss® de la société Arjowiggins. Ce papier a un lissé Bekk initial de 400s.Printable layer A of Example 3 is prepared and applied in the same manner and under the same conditions as those discussed in Example 1, on a precoated Maine Gloss® paper from the company Arjowiggins. This paper has an initial Bekk smoothness of 400s.

Exemple 4 : Préparation d'une feuille colorée lisse ou ultra lisse imprimable par OffsetExample 4: Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth colored sheet printable by offset

On a préparé une feuille colorée lisse ou ultra lisse selon l'invention pour impression Offset, à partir d'une couche imprimable B ayant la composition suivante : Composition de la couche imprimable B Pigments Carbonate de calcium 1248g Hydrocarb® 60 OG (Omya) Liant Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrène 300g Acronal® S504 (BASF) Dispersant Acide sulfoccinique - isooctylester, sel de sodium 3g Agnique® EHS 75E (Cognis) Modificateur rhéologique Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère acrylique 0,6g Slerocol® FD (BASF) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 0,2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) Colorant Bleu Levacell® B liq (Bayer) 0,1g A smooth or ultra-smooth colored sheet was prepared according to the invention for offset printing, from a printable layer B having the following composition: Composition of printable layer B Pigments Calcium carbonate 1248g Hydrocarb ® 60 OG (Omya) Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S504 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Slerocol ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan) Dye Blue Levacell ® B liq (Bayer) 0.1g

La couche imprimable B a une concentration finale en poids de 50% et une viscosité de 100cps, mesurée à l'aide d'un viscosimètre Brookfield®.Printable layer B has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 100cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.

La couche B est appliquée sur une face d'un film plastique en PET qui est préalablement recouverte d'une couche antiadhésive à base de stéaro chlorure de chrome La dépose de la couche B sur le film est d'environ 10g/m2. La couche B est ensuite séchée dans un four à 70°C. On obtient alors une structure multicouche constituée par le film plastique en PET une couche antiadhésive en stéaro chlorure de chrome et la couche imprimable B.Layer B is applied to one side of a PET plastic film which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride. The deposit of layer B on the film is approximately 10 g / m 2 . Layer B is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C. A multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer B.

La face libre de la couche B, c'est-à-dire la face située du côté opposé au film plastique, est encollée avec une colle Super-Lok® 364 de la société National Starch. La colle est déposée à raison de 3g/m2 sur la couche B. La face encollée de la couche B est appliquée contre un substrat formé par un papier Bristol® 335g/m2 fabriqué par la société Arjowiggins, puis l'ensemble est séché dans un four à 70°C.The free face of layer B, that is to say the face located on the side opposite the plastic film, is glued with a Super-Lok® 364 adhesive from the company National Starch. The glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer B. The glued side of layer B is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried. in an oven at 70 ° C.

Le film plastique et la couche antiadhésive sont ensuite retirés pour ne laisser que la couche imprimable B et la colle sur le substrat papier.The plastic film and the release layer are then removed to leave only the printable layer B and the glue on the paper substrate.

Le papier obtenu a une coloration très homogène.The paper obtained has a very homogeneous coloring.

Exemple 5 : Préparation d'une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse imprimable par Offset et à faible résistivité surfaciqueExample 5: Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth sheet printable by offset and with low surface resistivity

On a préparé une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse selon l'invention à faible résistivité surfacique et pour impression Offset, à partir d'une couche imprimable C ayant la composition suivante : Composition de la couche imprimable C Pigments Carbonate de calcium 1248g Hydrocarb® 60 OG (Omya) Liant Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrène 300g Acronal® S504 (BASF) Dispersant Acide sulfoccinique - isooctylester, sel de sodium 3g Agnique® EHS 75E (Cognis) Additif conducteur Dispersion aqueuse d'un polymère conducteur 3g Clevios® P (H. C. Starck) Modificateur rhéologique Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère acrylique 0,6g Sterocoll® FD (BASF) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 0,2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) A smooth or ultra-smooth sheet according to the invention with low surface resistivity and for offset printing was prepared, from a printable layer C having the following composition: Composition of printable layer C Pigments Calcium carbonate 1248g Hydrocarb ® 60 OG (Omya) Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S504 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Conductive additive Aqueous dispersion of a conductive polymer 3g Clevios ® P (HC Starck) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)

La couche imprimable C a une concentration finale en poids de 50% et une viscosité de 100cps, mesurée à l'aide d'un viscosimètre Brookfield®.Printable layer C has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 100cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.

La couche C est appliquée sur une face d'un film plastique en PET qui est préalablement recouverte d'une couche antiadhésive à base de stéaro chlorure de chrome La dépose de la couche C sur le film est d'environ 10g/m2. La couche C est ensuite séchée dans un four à 70°C. On obtient alors une structure multicouche constituée par le film plastique en PET une couche antiadhésive en stéaro chlorure de chrome et la couche imprimable C.Layer C is applied to one side of a PET plastic film which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride The deposit of layer C on the film is approximately 10 g / m2. Layer C is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C. A multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer C.

La face libre de la couche C, c'est-à-dire la face située du côté opposé au film plastique, est encollée avec une colle Super-Lok® 364 de la société National Starch. La colle est déposée à raison de 3g/m2 sur la couche C. La face encollée de la couche C est appliquée contre un substrat formé par un papier Bristol® 335g/m2 fabriqué par la société Arjowiggins, puis l'ensemble est séché dans un four à 70°C.The free face of layer C, that is to say the face located on the side opposite the plastic film, is glued with a Super-Lok® 364 glue from the company National Starch. The glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer C. The glued side of layer C is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried. in an oven at 70 ° C.

Le film plastique et la couche antiadhésive sont ensuite retirés pour ne laisser que la couche imprimable C et la colle sur le substrat papier.The plastic film and the release layer are then removed to leave only the printable layer C and the glue on the paper substrate.

La résistivité du papier ainsi obtenu est relativement faible, et est de l'ordre de 3.107. Cette résistivité est inférieure à celle du papier de l'exemple A, qui est de l'ordre de 1.1010 environ.The resistivity of the paper thus obtained is relatively low, and is of the order of 3.10 7 . This resistivity is lower than that of the paper of Example A, which is of the order of approximately 1.10 10.

Exemple 6 : Préparation d'une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse imprimable par jet d'encreExample 6: Preparation of a smooth or ultra smooth inkjet printable sheet

On a préparé une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse selon l'invention pour impression jet d'encre, à partir d'une couche imprimable D ayant la composition suivante : Composés Pigments Alumine 1000g Disperal HP14-2 (Sasol) Liant Polyvinyl Alcool 100g Mowiol 47-88 (Seppic) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 1g Surfynol® CT211 (Safic-Alcan) A smooth or ultra-smooth sheet according to the invention for inkjet printing was prepared, from a printable layer D having the following composition: Compounds Pigments Alumina 1000g Disperal HP14-2 (Sasol) Binder Polyvinyl Alcohol 100g Mowiol 47-88 (Seppic) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 1g Surfynol ® CT211 (Safic-Alcan)

La couche imprimable D a une concentration finale en poids de 14% et une viscosité de 50cps, mesurée à l'aide d'un viscosimètre Brookfield®.Printable layer D has a final concentration by weight of 14% and a viscosity of 50cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.

La couche D est appliquée sur une face d'un film plastique en PET qui est préalablement recouverte d'une couche antiadhésive à base de stéaro chlorure de chrome La dépose de la couche D sur le film est d'environ 15g/m2. La couche D est ensuite séchée dans un four à 70°C. On obtient alors une structure multicouche constituée par le film plastique en PET une couche antiadhésive en stéaro chlorure de chrome et la couche imprimable D.Layer D is applied to one side of a PET plastic film which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride. The deposit of layer D on the film is approximately 15 g / m 2 . Layer D is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C. A multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the printable layer D.

La face libre de la couche D, c'est-à-dire la face située du côté opposé au film plastique, est encollée avec une colle Super-Lok® 364 de la société National Starch. La colle est déposée à raison de 3g/m2 sur la couche D. La face encollée de la couche D est appliquée contre un substrat formé par un papier Bristol 335g/m2 fabriqué par la société Arjowiggins, puis l'ensemble est séché dans un four à 70°C.The free face of layer D, that is to say the face located on the side opposite the plastic film, is glued with Super-Lok® 364 glue from the company National Starch. The glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on layer D. The glued face of layer D is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol paper 335 g / m 2 manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried in an oven at 70 ° C.

Le film plastique et la couche antiadhésive sont ensuite retirés pour ne laisser que la couche imprimable D et la colle sur le substrat papier.The plastic film and the release layer are then removed to leave only the printable layer D and the glue on the paper substrate.

Résultats : Les différentes feuilles préparées aux exemples 1 à 6 ont été analysées et les paramètres suivants de la feuille ont été mesurés : grammage, épaisseur, main, lissé, brillance, résistivité et imprimabilité.Results: The various sheets prepared in Examples 1 to 6 were analyzed and the following parameters of the sheet were measured: basis weight, thickness, hand, smoothness, gloss, resistivity and printability.

Les mesures ont été réalisées de la façon suivante :

  • le grammage a été mesuré selon la norme ISO 536 (1976), au moyen d'une balance Sartorius® de portée 2200 g et avec une précision de 0,1 g ;
  • l'épaisseur a été mesurée selon la norme ISO 534 (1988), au moyen d'un micromètre MTS MI20 ;
  • la main (ou volume massique) a été mesurée selon la norme NFQ 03-017 ;
  • le lissé Bekk a été mesurée selon la norme ISO 5627 (1984), au moyen d'un appareil Büchel® 131 ED ;
  • la brillance a été mesurée à 75° selon la méthode TAPPI® T480 om-92, au moyen d'un appareil Byk-Gardner® micro-gloss 75° modèle 4553 ;
  • la résistivité de surface a été mesurée selon la méthode ASTM D257 - 83, au moyen d'un appareil Philips PM2525 Multimeter ;
  • l'imprimabilité Offset a été évaluée par un test d'absorption aux encres porométriques selon une méthode CTP n°9 ; le test aux "encres porométriques" permet de chiffrer la capacité d'absorption d'un papier et la vitesse de pénétration de l'encre de ce papier ; il est basé sur la dépose d'une encre spéciale, formée d'un colorant noir, sur le papier et sur l'étude de son comportement dans le temps; et
  • les tests d'impression jet d'encre ont été réalisés avec des imprimantes jet d'encre Epson 2400 et Canon ip 8500.
The measurements were carried out as follows:
  • the basis weight was measured according to standard ISO 536 (1976), by means of a Sartorius® balance with a capacity of 2200 g and with an accuracy of 0.1 g;
  • the thickness was measured according to the ISO 534 (1988) standard, using an MTS MI20 micrometer;
  • the hand (or mass volume) was measured according to standard NFQ 03-017;
  • the Bekk smoothness was measured according to the ISO 5627 (1984) standard, using a Büchel® 131 ED apparatus;
  • the gloss was measured at 75 ° according to the TAPPI® T480 om-92 method, using a Byk-Gardner® micro-gloss 75 ° model 4553;
  • the surface resistivity was measured according to the ASTM D257 - 83 method, using a Philips PM2525 Multimeter apparatus;
  • Offset printability was evaluated by an absorption test with porometric inks according to a CTP method no. 9; the "porometric inks" test makes it possible to quantify the absorption capacity of a paper and the speed of ink penetration of this paper; it is based on the deposit of a special ink, formed of a black dye, on the paper and on the study of its behavior over time; and
  • inkjet printing tests were performed with Epson 2400 and Canon ip 8500 inkjet printers.

Le tableau ci-dessous récapitule toutes les mesures et analyses effectuées sur les feuilles des exemples 1 à 6. Support Papier Bristol@ Papier Elementa® bulk Papier Maine Gloss® Exemples Exemple 1 : Couche A sur Bristol@ Exemple 2: Couche A Elementa® bulk Exemple 3 : Couche A Maine Gloss® Exemple 4 : Couche B sur Bristol® Exemple 5 : Couche C sur Bristol@ Exemple 6 : Couche D sur Bristol@ Grammage (g/m2) 270 100 250 304 130 290 396 311 294 Epaisseur (µm) 250 140 220 273 173 240 310 314 334 Main (cm3/g) 0,92593 1,4 0,88 0,9 1,33 0,83 0,78 1,01 1,14 Lissé Bekk (s : secondes) 60 20 400 7705 5035 9436 9532 6036 996 Brillance (à 75°, en %) x x x 85,1 86,3 87 85,9 86,6 85,4 Résistivité surfacique x x x 9,72.109 x x 2,47.1010 3,48.107 x Test des encres porométriques (densité optique en fonction du temps de contact) 15 secondes x x x V 0,36 V 0,33 V 0,34 C 0,95 V 0,37 x 30 secondes x x x V 0,37 V 0,30 V 0,33 C 1,22 V 0,41 x 60 secondes x x x V 0,37 V 0,31 V 0,34 C 1,06 V 0,40 x 120 secondes x x x V 0,38 V 0,32 V 0,35 C 1,04 V 0,46 x (x : paramètres non mesurés) The table below summarizes all the measurements and analyzes carried out on the sheets of Examples 1 to 6. Support Bristol paper @ Elementa® bulk paper Maine Gloss® paper Examples Example 1: Layer A on Bristol @ Example 2: Layer A Elementa® bulk Example 3: Layer A Maine Gloss® Example 4: Layer B on Bristol® Example 5: Layer C on Bristol @ Example 6: Layer D on Bristol @ Weight (g / m 2 ) 270 100 250 304 130 290 396 311 294 Thickness (µm) 250 140 220 273 173 240 310 314 334 Hand (cm 3 / g) 0.92593 1.4 0.88 0.9 1.33 0.83 0.78 1.01 1.14 Smoothness Bekk (s: seconds) 60 20 400 7705 5035 9436 9532 6036 996 Gloss (at 75 °, in%) x x x 85.1 86.3 87 85.9 86.6 85.4 Surface resistivity x x x 9,72.10 9 x x 2.47.10 10 3.48.10 7 x Porometric inks test (optical density as a function of contact time) 15 seconds x x x V 0.36 V 0.33 V 0.34 C 0.95 V 0.37 x 30 seconds x x x V 0.37 V 0.30 V 0.33 C 1.22 V 0.41 x 60 seconds x x x V 0.37 V 0.31 V 0.34 C 1.06 V 0.40 x 120 seconds x x x V 0.38 V 0.32 V 0.35 C 1.04 V 0.46 x (x: parameters not measured)

Le transfert d'une couche imprimable (A à D) sur un support provoque une augmentation du grammage et de l'épaisseur de ce support. L'augmentation du grammage est de l'ordre de 30 à 40g/m2 dans le cas de la couche A, de 126g/m2 dans le cas de la couche B, de 41g/m2 dans le cas de la couche C, et de 24g/m2 dans le cas de la couche D. L'augmentation d'épaisseur est de l'ordre de 20 à 33µm dans le cas de la couche A, de 60µm dans le cas de la couche B, de 64µm dans le cas de la couche C, et de 84µm dans le cas de la couche D. L'augmentation du grammage et de l'épaisseur du support est essentiellement due à l'addition de colle et au transfert de la couche imprimable sur ce support.The transfer of a printable layer (A to D) on a support causes an increase in the basis weight and thickness of this support. The increase in basis weight is of the order of 30 to 40 g / m 2 in the case of layer A, of 126 g / m 2 in the case of layer B, of 41 g / m 2 in the case of layer C , and 24g / m 2 in the case of layer D. The increase in thickness is of the order of 20 to 33 µm in the case of layer A, 60 µm in the case of layer B, 64 µm in the case of layer C, and 84 µm in the case of layer D. The increase in the basis weight and thickness of the support is essentially due to the addition of glue and the transfer of the printable layer to this support .

Un papier a une main relativement importante lorsqu'elle a une valeur supérieure ou égale à 1,10cm3/g. Dans les exemples précités, seul le papier Elementa® bulk a une main importante (1,4cm3/g).A paper has a relatively large hand when it has a value greater than or equal to 1.10 cm 3 / g. In the aforementioned examples, only Elementa® bulk paper has a large hand (1.4cm 3 / g).

Le dépôt de la couche imprimable A sur un support entraîne une diminution de sa main. Lorsque le support a initialement une main importante, comme c'est le cas de Elementa® bulk dans l'exemple 2, le transfert de la couche A sur ce support entraîne une légère diminution de sa main (de l'ordre de 5%). La main du support Etementa® butk comportant la couche A reste toutefois très importante (1,33cm3/g, c'est-à-dire supérieure à 1,10cm3/g).The deposition of the printable layer A on a support causes a decrease in its hand. When the support initially has a large hand, as is the case with Elementa® bulk in example 2, the transfer of layer A onto this support results in a slight decrease in its hand (of the order of 5%) . However, the strength of the Etementa® butk support comprising layer A remains very high (1.33cm 3 / g, that is to say greater than 1.10cm 3 / g).

Le dépôt de la couche imprimable B sur un support entraîne une diminution de sa main, alors que le dépôt de la couche imprimable C sur un support a peu d'influence sur sa main. Le dépôt de la couche imprimable D sur un support entraîne une augmentation de sa main car la couche imprimable est ici une couche jet d'encre qui est très poreuse et a donc une densité faible.The deposition of the printable layer B on a support causes a decrease in his hand, while the deposition of the printable layer C on a support has little influence on his hand. The deposition of the printable layer D on a support results in an increase in its hand since the printable layer is here an inkjet layer which is very porous and therefore has a low density.

Les papiers Bristol® et Elementa® bulk ont initialement un lissé relativement faible, inférieur à 100s. Le papier précouché Maine Gloss® a initialement, grâce à sa précouche à base de carbonate de calcium et de latex styrène butadiène un lissé relativement important de 400s.Bristol® and Elementa® bulk papers initially have relatively poor smoothness, less than 100s. Maine Gloss® precoated paper initially, thanks to its precoat based on calcium carbonate and styrene butadiene latex, a relatively high smoothness of 400s.

Le transfert d'une couche imprimable sur un support, au moyen du procédé selon l'invention, permet de conférer au support une face lisse ou ultra lisse, comme expliqué dans ce qui précède.The transfer of a printable layer onto a support, by means of the method according to the invention, makes it possible to give the support a smooth or ultra-smooth face, as explained in the foregoing.

Le transfert de la couche imprimable A sur un support papier permet d'augmenter considérablement son lissé. On remarque que la couche imprimable A permet de conférer à un papier à forte main un lissé très important (5035s dans l'exemple 2). Le procédé selon l'invention permet donc de réaliser un papier ayant à la fois une main et un lissé importants.The transfer of the printable layer A onto a paper support considerably increases its smoothness. It is noted that the printable layer A makes it possible to give a hand-held paper a very significant smoothness (5035s in Example 2). The method according to the invention therefore makes it possible to produce a paper having both high hand and smoothness.

On remarque également que, plus le lissé initial du support est important et plus le lissé du support sur lequel est transféré la couche A est important. La couche A transférée sur un papier Maine Gloss® permet en effet de conférer à ce papier un lissé très important de 9436s.It is also noted that the greater the initial smoothness of the support, the greater the smoothness of the support to which layer A is transferred. Layer A transferred to a Maine Gloss® paper makes it possible to give this paper a very high smoothness of 9436s.

Le transfert de la couche D sur un support Bristol® permet d'augmenter son lissé à environ 1000s.The transfer of the layer D on a Bristol® support makes it possible to increase its smoothness to approximately 1000s.

Les feuilles préparées aux exemples 1 à 6 ont toutes une brillance élevée, supérieure à 80%. Le procédé permet donc de réaliser des feuilles ayant à la fois un lissé et une brillance importants.The sheets prepared in Examples 1 to 6 all have a high gloss, greater than 80%. The process therefore makes it possible to produce sheets having both high smoothness and gloss.

La présence d'additif conducteur dans la couche C permet de diminuer notablement la résistivité surfacique de la feuille. La feuille de l'exemple 5 a une résistivité surfacique inférieure d'un facteur 1000 environ de celle des feuilles des exemples 1 et 4. Cet additif permet d'augmenter la conductivité électrique des feuilles et donc d'envisager la réalisation de feuilles électro-conductrices.The presence of a conductive additive in the layer C makes it possible to significantly reduce the surface resistivity of the sheet. The sheet of Example 5 has a lower surface resistivity by a factor of about 1000 than that of the sheets of Examples 1 and 4. This additive makes it possible to increase the electrical conductivity of the sheets and therefore to consider the production of electro-sheets. conductors.

En ce qui concerne l'imprimabilité par Offset des feuilles préparées aux exemples 1 à 5, le test aux encres porométriques montre que les papiers ont des valeurs de densité optique après encrage relativement correctes, même si celles-ci n'augmentent pas dans le temps, montrant ainsi une absorption limitée.As regards the offset printability of the sheets prepared in Examples 1 to 5, the test with porometric inks shows that the papers have relatively correct optical density values after inking, even if these do not increase over time. , thus showing limited absorption.

En ce qui concerne le papier imprimable par jet d'encre, préparé à l'exemple 6, des tests sur imprimante jet d'encre Epson et Canon montrent des résultats corrects malgré une faible dépose.As regards the inkjet printable paper, prepared in Example 6, tests on an Epson and Canon inkjet printer show correct results despite a low deposit.

Exemple 7 : Préparation d'une feuille imprimable lisse ou ultra lisse comportant un vernis ou une résine imprimableExample 7: Preparation of a smooth or ultra-smooth printable sheet comprising a varnish or a printable resin

On a préparé une feuille lisse ou ultra lisse selon l'invention, à partir d'une couche imprimable formée par un vernis ou une résine imprimable acrylique E ayant la composition suivante. Cette feuille est imprimable par Offset. Composition du vernis imprimable E Liant Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrène 300g Acronal® S305D (BASF) Dispersant Acide sulfoccinique - isooctylester, sel de sodium 3g Agnique® EHS 75E (Cognis) Modificateur rhéologique Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère acrylique 0,6g Sterocoll® FD (BASF) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 0,2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) A smooth or ultra-smooth sheet was prepared according to the invention, from a printable layer formed by a varnish or an acrylic printable resin E having the following composition. This sheet is printable by Offset. Composition of printable varnish E Binder Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 300g Acronal ® S305D (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)

Le vernis imprimable E a une concentration finale en poids de 50% et une viscosité de 50cps, mesurée à l'aide d'un viscosimètre Brookfield®.The printable varnish E has a final concentration by weight of 50% and a viscosity of 50cps, measured using a Brookfield® viscometer.

Le vernis E est appliqué sur une face d'un film plastique en PET, qui est préalablement recouverte d'une couche antiadhésive à base de stéaro chlorure de chrome. La dépose du vernis sur le film est d'environ 5g/m2. Le vernis est ensuite séché dans un four à 70°C. On obtient alors une structure multicouche constituée par le film plastique en PET une couche antiadhésive en stéaro chlorure de chrome et le vernis acrylique.The varnish E is applied to one side of a plastic film in PET, which is previously covered with a non-stick layer based on stearo chromium chloride. The deposit of the varnish on the film is approximately 5 g / m 2 . The varnish is then dried in an oven at 70 ° C. A multilayer structure is then obtained consisting of the plastic film in PET, a non-stick layer of stearo chromium chloride and the acrylic varnish.

La face libre du vernis est encollée avec une colle Super-Lok® 364 de la société National Starch. La colle est déposée à raison de 3g/m2 sur le vernis. La face encollée du vernis est appliquée contre un substrat formé par un papier Bristol® 335g/m2 fabriqué par la société Arjowiggins, puis l'ensemble est séché dans un four à 70°C. Le film plastique et la couche antiadhésive sont ensuite retirés (lors de l'étape c/) pour ne laisser que le vernis imprimable et la colle sur le substrat papier.The free side of the varnish is glued with Super-Lok® 364 glue from National Starch. The glue is deposited at a rate of 3 g / m 2 on the varnish. The glued side of the varnish is applied against a substrate formed by a Bristol® 335 g / m 2 paper manufactured by the company Arjowiggins, then the whole is dried in an oven at 70 ° C. The plastic film and the non-stick layer are then removed (during step c /) to leave only the printable varnish and the glue on the paper substrate.

Le tableau ci-dessous récapitule les mesures et analyses effectuées sur la feuilles préparée par cet exemple 7. Support Exemple 7 : Vernis imprimable E sur Bristol@ Grammage (g/m2) 280 Epaisseur (µm) 260 Main (cm3/g) 0,93 Lissé Bekk (s : secondes) > 10 000 Brillance (à 75°, en %) 99 The table below summarizes the measurements and analyzes carried out on the sheet prepared by this example 7. Support Example 7: Printable varnish E on Bristol @ Weight (g / m 2 ) 280 Thickness (µm) 260 Hand (cm 3 / g) 0.93 Smoothness Bekk (s: seconds) > 10,000 Gloss (at 75 °, in%) 99

Le transfert du vernis imprimable E sur le support modifie peu le grammage, l'épaisseur et la main de ce support. Ce transfert permet de réaliser une feuille avec un lissé (> 10 000s) et une brillance (99%) très élevés. L'imprimabilité de cette feuille est toutefois inférieure à celles préparées aux exemples 1 à 6 du fait de l'absence de pigments dans la couche imprimable.The transfer of the printable varnish E on the support modifies the grammage, the thickness and the handling of this support little. This transfer makes it possible to produce a sheet with very high smoothness (> 10,000s) and gloss (99%). The printability of this sheet is however lower than those prepared in Examples 1 to 6 due to the absence of pigments in the printable layer.

Exemple 8 : Préparation de feuilles imprimables lisses ou ultra lisses imprimables par Offset, Indigo, ou par des encres électro-conductricesExample 8: Preparation of smooth or ultra-smooth printable sheets printable by Offset, Indigo, or by electrically conductive inks

Chaque feuille préparée comprend ici deux couches imprimables AA, AB ou AC, une première couche (A, B ou C) déposée (par kiss coating) sur la couche antiadhésive de la structure multicouche et une seconde couche (A) déposée (par kiss coating) sur la première couche. La première couche, c'est-à-dire la couche la plus proche du film plastique dans la structure multicouche, est la couche destinée à recevoir directement les encres lors de l'impression. C'est elle qui définit l'imprimabilité selon le procédé d'impression. La seconde couche est une précouche permettant une bonne adhésion de la première couche sur le support et formant une barrière à la colle (pour éviter que celle-ci pénètre dans la première couche imprimable).Each sheet prepared here comprises two printable layers AA, AB or AC, a first layer (A, B or C) deposited (by kiss coating) on the non-stick layer of the multilayer structure and a second layer (A) deposited (by kiss coating) ) on the first layer. The first layer, that is to say the layer closest to the plastic film in the multilayer structure, is the layer intended to directly receive the inks during printing. It is this which defines the printability according to the printing process. The second layer is a precoat allowing good adhesion of the first layer to the support and forming a barrier to the adhesive (to prevent the latter from penetrating into the first printable layer).

Le film plastique utilisé est un film de PET de 12µm d'épaisseur. Les couches imprimables pour la préparation d'une feuille imprimable par Offset sont une première couche B, et une seconde couche A. Les couches imprimables pour la préparation d'une feuille imprimable par HP Indigo sont une première couche C, et une seconde couche A. Les couches imprimables pour la préparation d'une feuille imprimable par des encres électriquement conductrices (Electronique Imprimée) sont une première couche A, et une seconde couche A. Les structures multicouches préparées sont du type PET/couche antiadhésive/couches A&A ou C&A ou B&A. Les couches A, B et C sont déposées à raison de 6 g/m2.The plastic film used is a 12µm thick PET film. The printable layers for the preparation of an offset printable sheet are a first layer B, and a second layer A. The printable layers for the preparation of an HP Indigo printable sheet are a first layer C, and a second layer A The printable layers for the preparation of a sheet printable by electrically conductive inks (Printed Electronics) are a first layer A, and a second layer A. The multilayer structures prepared are of the PET type / release layer / A&A or C&A layers or B&A. The layers A, B and C are deposited at a rate of 6 g / m 2 .

Les compositions de ces couches sont détaillées dans les tableaux suivants. Composition de la couche imprimable A Pigments Carbonate de calcium 475ml Carbital® 95 (Imerys) Liant 1 Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère styrène-Butadiène 190ml Styronal® D517 (BASF) Liant 2 Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrène 94ml Acrona® S 05 (BASF) Dispersant Acide sulfoccinique - isooctylester, sel de sodium 3g Agnique® EHS 75E (Cognis) Modificateur rhéologique Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère acrylique 0,6g Sterocoll® FD (BASF) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 0,2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) Composition de la couche imprimable B Pigments Carbonate de calcium 475ml Carbital® 95 (Imerys) Liant 1 Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère styrène-Butadiène 95ml Styronal® D517 (BASF) Liant 2 Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrène 47ml Acronal® S 305 (BASF) Dispersant Acide sulfoccinique - isooctylester, sel de sodium 3g Agnique® EHS 75E (Cognis) Modificateur rhéologique Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère acrylique 0,6g Slerocol® FD (BASF) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 0,2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) Composition de la couche imprimable C Pigments Carbonate de calcium 475ml Carbital® 95 (Imerys) Liant 1 Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère styrène-Butadiène 95ml Styronal® D517 (BASF) Liant 2 Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrène 47ml Acrona® S 305 (BASF) Promoteur d'adhérence Dispersion aqueuse d'acide Acrylique - 280 ml Ethylène Diamond® 63001 (NALCO) Dispersant Acide sulfoccinique - isooctylester, sel de sodium 3g Agnique® EHS 75E (Cognis) Modificateur rhéologique Dispersion aqueuse de copolymère acrylique 0,6g Sterocoll® FD (BASF) Agent d'étalement Tensio-actif non-ionique 0,2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) The compositions of these layers are detailed in the following tables. Composition of printable layer A Pigments Calcium carbonate 475ml Carbital ® 95 (Imerys) Binder 1 Aqueous dispersion of styrene-butadiene copolymer 190ml Styronal® D517 (BASF) Binder 2 Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 94ml Acrona ® S 05 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan) Composition of printable layer B Pigments Calcium carbonate 475ml Carbital ® 95 (Imerys) Binder 1 Aqueous dispersion of styrene-butadiene copolymer 95ml Styronal® D517 (BASF) Binder 2 Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 47ml Acronal ® S 305 (BASF) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Slerocol ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol® 420 (Safic-Alcan) Composition of printable layer C Pigments Calcium carbonate 475ml Carbital ® 95 (Imerys) Binder 1 Aqueous dispersion of styrene-butadiene copolymer 95ml Styronal® D517 (BASF) Binder 2 Aqueous dispersion of n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer 47ml Acrona ® S 305 (BASF) Adhesion promoter Aqueous dispersion of acrylic acid - 280 ml Ethylene Diamond® 63001 (NALCO) Dispersing Sulfoccinic acid - isooctyl ester, sodium salt 3g Agnique ® EHS 75E (Cognis) Rheological modifier Aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymer 0.6g Sterocoll ® FD (BASF) Spreading agent Non-ionic surfactant 0.2g Surfynol ® 420 (Safic-Alcan)

Chacune des trois structures multicouches et un papier Opale® 200 g/m2 de la société Arjowiggins ont été contrecollés avec une colle polyuréthane bicomposant, déposée à raison de 10g/m2.Each of the three multilayer structures and a 200 g / m 2 Opale® paper from Arjowiggins were laminated with a two-component polyurethane adhesive, deposited at a rate of 10 g / m 2 .

Les feuilles obtenues présentent une bonne imprimabilité suivant leurs applications, c'est-à-dire pour l'offset, pour le digital HP Indigo et pour les encres conductrices (électronique imprimée). The sheets obtained exhibit good printability depending on their applications, that is to say for offset, for digital HP Indigo and for conductive inks (printed electronics).

Claims (15)

  1. A method of fabricating a printable sheet (10) presenting at least one smooth face (22), the sheet comprising a substrate (24), in particular made of paper, having at least one face covered at least in part in a layer or a plurality of superposed layers, the method comprising the steps consisting in:
    a) preparing or providing a multilayer structure (12) comprising at least, or constituted by, a smooth plastics film (14), an anti-adhesive layer (16), and a layer (18) printable by offset printing, ink jet printing, laser printing, heliogravure, flexography, dry toner printing, liquid toner printing, electrophotography, lithography, the anti-adhesive layer being interposed between the plastics film and the printable layer;
    b) pasting adhesive on a face (30) of the substrate and/or the face (28) of the multilayer structure situated opposite from the plastics film, and applying said face of the substrate against said face of the multilayer structure so as to be pasted together the multilayer structure and the substrate; and
    c) withdrawing the plastics film from the printable layer, the printable layer (18) defining said smooth face (22) of the sheet, the smooth face having a Bekk smoothness greater than 2000s.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the printable layer (18) is in the solid state and/or dry in step b) and/or step c).
  3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, prior to step b), the said face of the substrate is precoated with at least one smoothing layer including one or more thermoplastic polymers or a mixture of pigments and at least one binder, the precoated layer of the substrate being optionally calendered in order to increase its smoothness.
  4. A method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the anti-adhesive layer (16) is withdrawn at least in part from the printable layer (18) while withdrawing the plastics film (14) in step c).
  5. A method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the anti-adhesive layer (16) remains on the printable layer (18) when the plastics film (14) is withdrawn in step c).
  6. A method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the printable layer (18) comprises a mixture of pigments and at least one binder or a printable varnish, e.g. based on acrylic polymer, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, styrene butadiene, vinyl acetate, polyamide, nitrocellulose or any other cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, or a mixture thereof.
  7. A method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the multilayer structure (12') comprises at least one additional layer (34) deposited on the printable layer (18) on its side opposite from the plastics film (14), the free face of said additional layer or of the additional layer farthest from the plastics film being for pasting and applying against said face of the substrate during step b).
  8. A method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises an additional step consisting in printing the sheet (10) with an ink having electrical and/or optical properties.
  9. A method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises, before step a), a preliminary step consisting in making indented and/or projecting patterns on the face of the plastics film that is to receive the anti-adhesive layer and the printable layer, e.g. by etching, the printable layer being for fitting closely to the shape of these patterns so as to include an imprint of the said face of the plastics film.
  10. A method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the printable layer (18) has a thickness less than or equal to 30 µm, preferably less than or equal to 15 µm, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 µm, and/or grammage less than or equal to 30 g/m2, preferably less than or equal to 15 g/m2, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 g/m2.
  11. A method according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the adhesive is deposited at least on one face of the substrate in step b), and in that the thickness of the deposited layer of adhesive is not less than half the mean roughness of the face of the substrate, and is preferably equal to said mean roughness.
  12. A printable sheet (10) or printed sheet, in particular with an electrically conductive ink, having at least one smooth face (22), the sheet comprising a substrate (24), in particular a paper substrate, having at least one face covered at least in part in a layer or a plurality of superposed layer, including a printable layer (18) or printed by offset printing, ink jet printing, laser printing, heliogravure, flexography, dry toner printing, liquid toner printing, electrophotography, lithography and defining said smooth face, the sheet being characterized in that said smooth face has Bekk smoothness greater than 2000 s, and more preferably greater than 5000 s, and/or a gloss greater than 70%, and preferably greater than 80%, the gloss being measures at 75° using the Tappi® T480 om-92 method.
  13. A sheet according to claim 12, characterized in that the printable or printed layer (18) has thickness less than or equal to 30 µm, preferably less than or equal to 15 µm, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 µm, and/or grammage less than or equal to 30 g/m2, preferably less than or equal to 15 g/m2, and more preferably less than or equal to 10 g/m2.
  14. The use of a sheet according to claim 12 or 13, for making an electronic and/or optical component, the sheet being printed by means of an ink having electrical and/or optical properties, or for printing a photographic image, for the preparation of a packaging and/or for a casting application.
  15. Electronic and/or optical component comprising a sheet according to claim 12 or 13, where the smooth face is printed with an ink having electrical and/or optical properties.
EP10809308.9A 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Ultra smooth and recyclable printing sheet and its manufacturing process Active EP2516741B2 (en)

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FR0906325A FR2954361B1 (en) 2009-12-23 2009-12-23 ULTRA SMOOTH AND RECYCLABLE PRINTING SHEET AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
PCT/FR2010/052879 WO2011077048A1 (en) 2009-12-23 2010-12-22 Ultrasmooth and recyclable printable sheet and process for manufacturing same

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EP2516741A1 EP2516741A1 (en) 2012-10-31
EP2516741B1 EP2516741B1 (en) 2014-08-06
EP2516741B2 true EP2516741B2 (en) 2021-05-12

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ZA201203884B (en) 2013-01-31
CA2785183C (en) 2017-08-01
JP2016106183A (en) 2016-06-16
WO2011077048A1 (en) 2011-06-30
FR2954361A1 (en) 2011-06-24
KR101970770B1 (en) 2019-08-27
US9416495B2 (en) 2016-08-16
RU2012122864A (en) 2014-01-27
JP2013515628A (en) 2013-05-09
CN102666989B (en) 2015-11-25
EP2516741A1 (en) 2012-10-31
EP2516741B1 (en) 2014-08-06
ES2517365T3 (en) 2014-11-03
RU2538581C2 (en) 2015-01-10
FR2954361B1 (en) 2012-06-15
US20120308744A1 (en) 2012-12-06
KR20120125406A (en) 2012-11-14
CA2785183A1 (en) 2011-06-30
IN2012DN05032A (en) 2015-10-02
ES2517365T5 (en) 2021-12-14
JP5890317B2 (en) 2016-03-22
JP6218795B2 (en) 2017-10-25
HK1173478A1 (en) 2013-05-16
CN102666989A (en) 2012-09-12
BR112012015134A2 (en) 2016-06-21

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