EP2507485B1 - Electromagnetic actuating device - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2507485B1
EP2507485B1 EP10781510.2A EP10781510A EP2507485B1 EP 2507485 B1 EP2507485 B1 EP 2507485B1 EP 10781510 A EP10781510 A EP 10781510A EP 2507485 B1 EP2507485 B1 EP 2507485B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
pins
pin
actuating device
blocking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP10781510.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2507485A1 (en
Inventor
Harald Elendt
Andreas Nendel
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Publication of EP2507485A1 publication Critical patent/EP2507485A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/124—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by mechanical latch, e.g. detent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, comprising a housing, two actuator pins, which are mounted independently movable between a retracted in the housing rest position and a retracted from the housing working position in the housing, and an electrically energizable solenoid device for actuating the actuator pins and two with the Aktuatorstatten in the operating sense cooperating permanent magnets, the two-pole magnetized and polarized in the opposite direction polarity aligned with each other and a stationary core region of the magnetic coil means are assigned together.
  • the magnetic coil device is designed to generate depending on their energization in the direction of action reversing magnetic field at the core region, which attracts the first permanent magnet and repels the second permanent magnet and vice versa.
  • Such a control device is particularly suitable for adjusting hubvariabler valve drives of internal combustion engines, whose basic operation, for example, from DE 10 2004 021 376 A1 evident.
  • the stroke variability of this valve train is based on a cam piece with two cams arranged directly adjacent thereto, the different opening characteristics of which are selectively transferred to a gas exchange valve by means of a conventionally rigid cam follower.
  • the cam piece is non-rotatable, however arranged longitudinally displaceable on a support shaft and has two spiral and oppositely extending sliding grooves, in which the end portions of the actuator pins of two actuating devices (with only one Aktuatorux) are alternately coupled.
  • WO 03/021612 A1 is proposed an actuating device whose operation is based on the interaction of a magnetic coil with a permanent magnet attached to the actuator pin. Due to its magnetic attraction of the spring-loaded in the extension direction actuator pin adheres to the non-energized magnetic coil. For solving the actuator pin from this rest position, only a pulse-shaped current loading of the magnetic coil to overcome the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet is required, the Aktuatorrob not only by the force of the spring means but also by the force of a magnetic repulsion effect between the permanent magnet and the energized magnetic coil in the direction the working position is accelerated.
  • An adjusting device of the type mentioned is from the unpublished DE 10 2009 010 949 A1 out.
  • the actuating device proposed there has a magnetic coil which is reversible for the purpose of reversing the magnetic field effect, ie is energized with opposite current flow directions. Depending on the magnetic field direction, one of the two actuator pins is actuated in the extension direction, while the other actuator pin remains in its retracted rest position.
  • the required for the electrical control of the actuator power supply device - in the preferred application of said variable stroke valve engine of an internal combustion engine is expediently to the engine control unit - must be provided with a corresponding current reversing circuit, for example in the form of a so-called H-bridge.
  • such a circuit is usually not provided in engine control units and requires a complex adaptation of the control unit.
  • the present invention has the object, a control device of the type mentioned in such a way that the aforementioned disadvantages are eliminated by simple means.
  • the actuator should be compatible with conventional control devices without reversing the direction of current or require a slight modification of the control device if necessary in order to be operational in terms of the reversible magnetic field effect.
  • the magnet coil device has two magnet coils which can be energized independently of each other, such that when the first magnet coil is energized, the magnetic field is generated with the first effective direction and when the second magnet coil is energized, the magnetic field is reversed with the second effective direction.
  • the solenoids are preferably sequential in the travel direction, i. arranged in axial series connection around the core area.
  • the actuator pins each a Aktuatorux in the extension direction kraftbeauf sodes spring means, a detent and a cooperating with the actuator pin by means of detent locking pin to be assigned, which holds the associated actuator pin with locked detent in the rest position and in the direction of travel relative to this is relocatable.
  • the actuator pins facing away from the head portions of the locking pins are each provided with one of the permanent magnets. The magnetic field generated when energizing one of the magnetic coils displaces one of the locking pins in the retraction direction to release the associated detent, and force the other of the locking pins in the extension direction to lock the associated detent.
  • the lock pin connected to the first permanent magnet shifts toward the core portion, that is, the core pin. in the retraction of the associated actuator pin, which shifts in now released detent by the force of the spring means in its working position.
  • the locking pin connected to the second permanent magnet and the associated actuator pin remain locked when the detent is locked.
  • the permanent magnets should be spaced apart when the head portions of the locking pins on the core area. This is done constructively expediently in that the head portions of the locking pins are raised relative to the permanent magnets.
  • the force effect of the permanent magnets which increases exponentially in the vicinity of the core region, can be limited to such a degree that a sufficient force effect resetting the blocking pins remains with currentless solenoid coils. This force effect should expediently proceed from further spring means, which force the locking pins in the extension direction.
  • the one or more locking bodies are preferably formed as balls, as they are removable as an extremely cost-effective mass product of a rolling element.
  • three balls and three evenly distributed over the circumference of the actuator pin transverse bores may be provided.
  • This arrangement is advantageous over only one ball insofar as either larger holding forces can be generated with identical dimensioning of the balls or with smaller dimensions of the balls - according to a further reduced space requirements of the detent - the possibly already sufficient holding force only one ball can be generated.
  • the arrangement of circumferentially distributed by 120 ° balls leads to a mechanically favorable, centered support of the locking pin in the longitudinal bore of the actuator pin. Nevertheless, of course, arrangements with only one, two, four or more balls are possible.
  • the balls may be self-locking clamped between the support surfaces, wherein the support surfaces have a constant or a decreasing in the retraction distance from each other.
  • the second support surface may be parallel to the direction of travel of the actuator pin and be part of a production-wise continuous cylindrical guide for the Aktuatorux.
  • both the forces of the spring means and the friction conditions on the ball-support surface contacts are taken into account, so that the required for proper functioning of the detent region of self-locking is not left at these contacts.
  • the first support surface on the locking pin in the extension direction radially tapers and that the support surfaces are parallel to each other.
  • the support surfaces are formed Vietnameseflgelstumpfförmig. This embodiment allows a particularly low-wear sliding or rolling contact between the balls and the support surfaces when the actuator pin leaves the rest position and reached again.
  • FIG. 1 discloses an embodiment of an adjusting device 1 according to the invention, which serves to control a basically known variable stroke valve train of an internal combustion engine.
  • the basic operating principle of such a valve train is in FIG. 2 and can be summarized to the effect that instead of a conventional rigidly trained Camshaft, a support shaft 2 with a rotatably and longitudinally displaceably arranged cam piece 3 is provided.
  • the cam piece 3 has two groups of axially adjacent cams 4 and 5 with different opening curves, which serve for operating point-dependent actuation of gas exchange valves 6.
  • the adjusting device 1 is an assembly which can be mounted in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine with a housing 10 and two hollow cylindrical actuator pins 8 and 9.
  • the actuator pins 8, 9 designed as identical parts are mounted in longitudinal guides 11 of the housing 10 and can be mounted move independently between a retracted in the housing 10 rest position (as shown) and a retracted from the housing 10 working position back and forth. As explained above, in the working position (not shown), the actuator pins 8, 9 are engaged with an associated cam groove of a cam piece to displace the cam piece.
  • the mutually identical detents are formed in each case by a longitudinal bore 15 running in the actuator pin 8, and by cross-bores 16, a first support surface 17 formed on the locking pin 13, 14, and a second support surface 18 formed in the housing 10, and three detent bodies in the form of balls 19 ,
  • the in the evenly on the circumference of the Aktuatorcks 8, 9 distributed transverse bores 16 movably arranged balls 19 are clamped in the rest position of the actuator pin 8, 9 between the support surfaces 17 and 18.
  • the extending in the longitudinal bore 15 end portion 20 of the locking pin 13, 14 tapers conically in the extension direction of the Aktuatorlixs 8, 9, so that the first support surface 17 forms the outer circumferential surface of a circular truncated cone.
  • the second support surface 18 in the housing 10 extends at a constant distance thereto and thus forms the inner circumferential surface of a circular truncated cone.
  • the locking pins 13, 14 are each acted upon by a further spring means - here a helical compression spring 21 - also in the extension direction.
  • the angle of inclination of the support surfaces 17, 18 with respect to the direction of travel of the actuator pin 8, 9 is chosen taking into account the force acting on the locking pin 13, 14 and the actuator pin 8, 9 spring forces and the friction conditions on the ball-support surface contacts that the balls 19th self-locking between the support surfaces 17, 18 are clamped and so fix the actuator pin 8, 9 securely in the rest position.
  • the inclination angle is presently about 5 °.
  • the concentric helical compression springs 12, 21 are based, on the one hand, on bushes 22 pressed in in the housing 10 and, on the other hand, on annular end faces 23 and 24 of the actuator pins 8, 9 and the locking pins 13, 14, respectively. These are electromagnetically kraftbeaufschlagt for releasing the detents in the retraction of the actuator pins 8, 9 shifted and are provided for this purpose at their the actuator pins 8, 9 facing away from the head portions 25 with attached permanent magnets 26 and 27. These are axially magnetized bipolar, in the direction of movement of the actuator pins 8, 9 with respect to their designated N and S north and south poles aligned opposite to each other and exposed to the magnetic field of a solenoid device.
  • the magnetic coil device comprises, as essential components, a stationary core region 28 and two magnet coils which can be energized independently of one another 29 and 30, which are arranged in the direction of travel of the actuator pins 8, 9 successively, ie in axial series connection to the core region 28 and generate a reversible magnetic field, the effective direction of the instantaneous energization state of the magnetic coils 29, 30 depends.
  • the selective power supply of the magnetic coils 29, 30 via a connector 31.
  • the coaxial with the magnetic coils 29, 30 extending core portion 28 has on the part of the permanent magnets 26, 27 has a shoulder which forms a flat contact surface 31 for the locking pins 13, 14.
  • a strongly adhering contact of the permanent magnets 26, 27 on the abutment surface 31 is avoided in that the head portions 25 of the locking pins 13, 14 are raised relative to the permanent magnets 26, 27 and they always have a corresponding minimum distance to the abutment surface 31.
  • the operation of the actuator 1 is as follows: the energization of the first solenoid 29 (the second solenoid 30 is energized) generates a magnetic field first direction of action with south pole on the contact surface 31 of the core portion 28, so that the first permanent magnet 26 with its NS pole alignment tightened and the second permanent magnet 27 is repelled with its SN pole alignment. While the ejected second permanent magnet 27, the associated locking pin 14 and consequently also the associated actuator pin 9 remain at rest with locked detent, attracted with the first permanent magnet 26 locking pin 13 is displaced to the contact surface 31 in the retraction direction. In this case, the associated detent releases by the clamping action of the balls 19 relative to the support surfaces 17, 18 is repealed.
  • the actuator pin 8 is driven by the force of the helical compression spring 12 in its working position.
  • the first solenoid 29 is then de-energized, so that the attracted locking pin 13 by the force of the helical compression spring 21 returns to its original position.
  • the actuator pin 8 located in engagement with the cam piece is moved through the radially rising outlet region of the sliding groove pushed back into its rest position and locked there again. This is done by the balls 19 follow the inclined course of the first support surface 17 on the locking pin 13, move radially outward in the transverse bores 16 and are clamped under self-locking between the support surfaces 17, 18.
  • the actuation of the other actuator pin 9 is initiated by the fact that now the second solenoid 30 is energized, while the first solenoid coil 29 remains energized.
  • the reverse direction of action of the magnetic field with a north pole at the abutment surface 31 of the core region 28 abuts the first permanent magnet 26 with its NS pole orientation and attracts the second permanent magnet 27 with its SN pole orientation.
  • the further control curve of the other actuator pin 9 takes place in an identical manner as explained above for the actuator pin 8.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Description

Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung, umfassend ein Gehäuse, zwei Aktuatorstifte, die zwischen einer im Gehäuse eingefahrenen Ruheposition und einer aus dem Gehäuse ausgefahrenen Arbeitsposition voneinander unabhängig verfahrbar im Gehäuse gelagert sind, und eine elektrisch bestrombare Magnetspuleneinrichtung zur Betätigung der Aktuatorstifte sowie zwei mit den Aktuatorstiften im Betätigungssinn zusammenwirkende Permanentmagnete, die zweipolig magnetisiert und in die Verfahrrichtung entgegengesetzt gepolt zueinander ausgerichtet sowie einem stationären Kernbereich der Magnetspuleneinrichtung gemeinsam zugeordnet sind. Dabei ist die Magnetspuleneinrichtung dazu ausgebildet, in Abhängigkeit von deren Bestromung ein sich in der Wirkrichtung umkehrendes Magnetfeld am Kernbereich zu erzeugen, das den ersten Permanentmagnet anzieht und den zweiten Permanentmagnet abstößt und umgekehrt.The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, comprising a housing, two actuator pins, which are mounted independently movable between a retracted in the housing rest position and a retracted from the housing working position in the housing, and an electrically energizable solenoid device for actuating the actuator pins and two with the Aktuatorstiften in the operating sense cooperating permanent magnets, the two-pole magnetized and polarized in the opposite direction polarity aligned with each other and a stationary core region of the magnetic coil means are assigned together. In this case, the magnetic coil device is designed to generate depending on their energization in the direction of action reversing magnetic field at the core region, which attracts the first permanent magnet and repels the second permanent magnet and vice versa.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

Eine derartige Stellvorrichtung eignet sich in besonderem Maße zur Verstellung hubvariabler Ventiltriebe von Brennkraftmaschinen, deren prinzipielle Funktionsweise beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2004 021 376 A1 hervorgeht. Die Hubvariabilität dieses Ventiltriebs basiert auf einem Nockenstück mit zwei darauf unmittelbar benachbart angeordneten Nocken, deren unterschiedliche Öffnungsverläufe mittels eines konventionell starr ausgebildeten Nockenfolgers selektiv auf ein Gaswechselventil übertragen werden. Zur betriebspunktabhängigen Einstellung dieser Öffnungsverläufe ist das Nockenstück drehfest, jedoch längsverschieblich auf einer Trägerwelle angeordnet und weist zwei spiralförmig und gegensinnig verlaufende Verschiebenuten auf, in welche die Endabschnitte der Aktuatorstifte zweier Stellvorrichtungen (mit lediglich einem Aktuatorstift) wechselweise eingekoppelt werden. Während der axiale Verlauf der sich jeweils mit dem zugehörigen Aktuatorstift in Eingriff befindlichen Verschiebenut dazu führt, dass sich das Nockenstück selbststeuernd und nockenwellenwinkeltreu von der einen in die andere Nockenposition verschiebt, ist der radiale Verlauf jeder Verschiebenut so gestaltet, dass diese gegen Ende des Verschiebevorgangs zunehmend flacher wird und den momentan in Eingriff befindlichen Aktuatorstift aus seiner Arbeitsposition zurück in die Ruheposition verlagert.Such a control device is particularly suitable for adjusting hubvariabler valve drives of internal combustion engines, whose basic operation, for example, from DE 10 2004 021 376 A1 evident. The stroke variability of this valve train is based on a cam piece with two cams arranged directly adjacent thereto, the different opening characteristics of which are selectively transferred to a gas exchange valve by means of a conventionally rigid cam follower. For operating point-dependent adjustment of these opening courses, the cam piece is non-rotatable, however arranged longitudinally displaceable on a support shaft and has two spiral and oppositely extending sliding grooves, in which the end portions of the actuator pins of two actuating devices (with only one Aktuatorstift) are alternately coupled. While the axial course of the sliding groove respectively engaged with the associated actuator pin causes the cam piece to move itself from camshaft to cam position in a self-controlling manner and camshaft angle, the radial course of each cam groove is designed to increase towards the end of the shifting operation flatten and the currently engaged actuator pin from its working position shifted back to the rest position.

Im Falle des in der DE 196 11 641 C1 vorgeschlagenen Ventiltriebs mit drei benachbarten Nocken und zwei mit geringem Abstand angeordneten Aktuatorstiften erscheint es zweckmäßig, die Aktuatorstifte in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse zu integrieren.In case of in the DE 196 11 641 C1 proposed valve train with three adjacent cams and two arranged at a small distance actuator pins, it seems appropriate to integrate the actuator pins in a common housing.

In der WO 03/021612 A1 ist eine Stellvorrichtung vorgeschlagen, deren Betätigung auf dem Zusammenspiel einer Magnetspule mit einem am Aktuatorstift befestigten Permanentmagnet basiert. Aufgrund dessen magnetischer Anziehungskraft haftet der in Ausfahrrichtung federkraftbeaufschlagte Aktuatorstift an der unbestromten Magnetspule. Zum Lösen des Aktuatorstifts aus dieser Ruheposition ist lediglich eine impulsförmige Strombeaufschlagung der Magnetspule zur Überwindung der magnetischen Anziehungskraft des Permanentmagnets erforderlich, wobei der Aktuatorstift nicht nur durch die Kraft des Federmittels sondern auch durch die Kraft eines magnetischen Abstoßungseffekts zwischen dem Permanentmagnet und der bestromten Magnetspule in Richtung der Arbeitsposition beschleunigt wird.In the WO 03/021612 A1 is proposed an actuating device whose operation is based on the interaction of a magnetic coil with a permanent magnet attached to the actuator pin. Due to its magnetic attraction of the spring-loaded in the extension direction actuator pin adheres to the non-energized magnetic coil. For solving the actuator pin from this rest position, only a pulse-shaped current loading of the magnetic coil to overcome the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet is required, the Aktuatorstift not only by the force of the spring means but also by the force of a magnetic repulsion effect between the permanent magnet and the energized magnetic coil in the direction the working position is accelerated.

Eine konstruktive Weiterentwicklung dieses Funktionsprinzips ist in der DE 20 2008 008 142 U1 offenbart. Der Aktuatorstift wird dort lediglich durch die magnetische Anziehungskraft an einem Permanentmagnet gehalten, so dass durch die gegenseitig exzentrische Anordnung von Aktuatorstiften und Permanentmagneten/Magnetspulen eine kompakte Bauweise der Stellvorrichtung mit zwei oder drei selektiv ansteuerbaren Aktuatorstiften in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse ermöglicht wird.A constructive development of this functional principle is in the DE 20 2008 008 142 U1 disclosed. The actuator pin is held there only by the magnetic attraction force on a permanent magnet, so that by the mutually eccentric arrangement of actuator pins and permanent magnets / solenoids a compact design of the actuator with two or three selectively controllable actuator pins in a common housing is made possible.

Eine Stellvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art geht aus der nicht vorveröffentlichten DE 10 2009 010 949 A1 hervor. Die dort vorgeschlagene Stellvorrichtung weist eine Magnetspule auf, die zwecks Umkehrung der Magnetfeldwirkung umkehrbar, d.h. mit entgegen gesetzten Stromflussrichtungen bestromt wird. In Abhängigkeit der Magnetfeldrichtung wird einer der beiden Aktuatorstifte in die Ausfahrrichtung betätigt, während der andere Aktuatorstift in dessen eingefahrener Ruheposition verharrt. Das zur elektrischen Ansteuerung der Stellvorrichtung erforderliche Stromversorgungsgerät - im bevorzugten Anwendungsfall des genannten hubvariablen Ventiltriebs einer Brennkraftmaschine handelt es sich zweckmäßigerweise um das Motorsteuergerät - muss mit einer entsprechenden Stromrichtungsumkehrschaltung beispielsweise in Form einer sogenannten H-Brücke versehen sein. Eine derartige Schaltung ist jedoch bei Motorsteuergeräten üblicherweise nicht vorgesehen und erfordert eine aufwändige Anpassung des Steuergeräts.An adjusting device of the type mentioned is from the unpublished DE 10 2009 010 949 A1 out. The actuating device proposed there has a magnetic coil which is reversible for the purpose of reversing the magnetic field effect, ie is energized with opposite current flow directions. Depending on the magnetic field direction, one of the two actuator pins is actuated in the extension direction, while the other actuator pin remains in its retracted rest position. The required for the electrical control of the actuator power supply device - in the preferred application of said variable stroke valve engine of an internal combustion engine is expediently to the engine control unit - must be provided with a corresponding current reversing circuit, for example in the form of a so-called H-bridge. However, such a circuit is usually not provided in engine control units and requires a complex adaptation of the control unit.

Dieselbe Problematik trifft für die aus der WO 2009/018919 A1 bekannte Stellvorrichtung mit umkehrbarer Bestromung der Magnetspule zu.The same problem applies to those from the WO 2009/018919 A1 known actuator with reversible energization of the solenoid to.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Stellvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so fortzubilden, dass die zuvor genannten Nachteile mit einfachen Mitteln beseitigt sind. Insbesondere soll die Stellvorrichtung zu herkömmlichen Steuergeräten ohne Stromrichtungsumkehr kompatibel sein oder eine allenfalls geringfügige Modifikation des Steuergeräts erfordern, um im Sinne der umkehrbaren Magnetfeldwirkung betriebsfähig zu sein.The present invention has the object, a control device of the type mentioned in such a way that the aforementioned disadvantages are eliminated by simple means. In particular, the actuator should be compatible with conventional control devices without reversing the direction of current or require a slight modification of the control device if necessary in order to be operational in terms of the reversible magnetic field effect.

Zusammenfassung der ErfindungSummary of the invention

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1, während vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar sind. Demnach wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Magnetspuleneinrichtung zwei voneinander unabhängig bestrombare Magnetspulen aufweist derart, dass bei Bestromung der ersten Magnetspule das Magnetfeld mit erster Wirkrichtung und dass bei Bestromung der zweiten Magnetspule das Magnetfeld mit umgekehrter zweiter Wirkrichtung erzeugt wird.The solution to this problem arises from the features of claim 1, while advantageous developments and refinements the dependent claims are removed. Accordingly, the object is achieved in that the magnet coil device has two magnet coils which can be energized independently of each other, such that when the first magnet coil is energized, the magnetic field is generated with the first effective direction and when the second magnet coil is energized, the magnetic field is reversed with the second effective direction.

Gegenüber dem eingangs zitierten Stand der Technik ist also eine Bestromung der Magnetspuleneinrichtung mit umkehrbarer Stromflussrichtung nicht erforderlich. Die Wirkrichtungsumkehr des Magnetfelds am stationären Kernbereich wird vielmehr dadurch erzeugt, dass die Stellvorrichtung mit zwei voneinander unabhängigen und selektiv bestrombaren Magnetspulen versehen ist. Die entgegengesetzte Ausrichtung der Permanentmagnetpole führt dann in Abhängigkeit der momentan bestromten Magnetspule dazu, dass dasselbe Magnetfeld einen Permanentmagnet anzieht und den anderen Permanentmagnet abstößt. Diese Kraftwirkung kehrt sich um, wenn die jeweils andere Magnetspule bestromt wird.Compared to the cited prior art so energization of the solenoid device with reversible current flow direction is not required. The effective direction reversal of the magnetic field at the stationary core region is rather generated by the fact that the adjusting device is provided with two independent and selectively energized magnetic coils. The opposite orientation of the permanent magnet poles then leads in dependence of the currently energized magnetic coil that the same magnetic field attracts a permanent magnet and repels the other permanent magnet. This force effect is reversed when the other solenoid is energized.

Die Magnetspulen sind vorzugsweise in der Verfahrrichtung aufeinanderfolgend, d.h. in axialer Reihenschaltung um den Kernbereich angeordnet.The solenoids are preferably sequential in the travel direction, i. arranged in axial series connection around the core area.

In bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung soll den Aktuatorstiften jeweils ein den Aktuatorstift in die Ausfahrrichtung kraftbeaufschlagendes Federmittel, eine Rastierung und ein mit dem Aktuatorstift mittels der Rastierung zusammenwirkender Sperrstift zugeordnet sein, der den zugehörigen Aktuatorstift bei gesperrter Rastierung in der Ruheposition hält und in die Verfahrrichtung relativ zu diesem verlagerbar ist. Dabei sind die den Aktuatorstiften abgewandten Kopfabschnitte der Sperrstifte jeweils mit einem der Permanentmagnete versehen. Das sich bei Bestromung einer der Magnetspulen erzeugte Magnetfeld verlagert einen der Sperrstifte in die Einfahrrichtung, um die zugehörige Rastierung zu lösen, und kraftbeaufschlagt den anderen der Sperrstifte in die Ausfahrrichtung, um die zugehörige Rastierung zu sperren.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuator pins each a Aktuatorstift in the extension direction kraftbeaufschlagendes spring means, a detent and a cooperating with the actuator pin by means of detent locking pin to be assigned, which holds the associated actuator pin with locked detent in the rest position and in the direction of travel relative to this is relocatable. In this case, the actuator pins facing away from the head portions of the locking pins are each provided with one of the permanent magnets. The magnetic field generated when energizing one of the magnetic coils displaces one of the locking pins in the retraction direction to release the associated detent, and force the other of the locking pins in the extension direction to lock the associated detent.

Hierbei verlagert sich der mit dem ersten Permanentmagnet verbundene Sperrstift in Richtung des Kernbereichs, d.h. in Einfahrrichtung des zugehörigen Aktuatorstifts, der sich bei jetzt gelöster Rastierung durch die Kraft des Federmittels in dessen Arbeitsposition verlagert. Demgegenüber verbleiben der mit dem zweiten Permanentmagnet verbundene Sperrstift und der zugehörige Aktuatorstift bei gesperrter Rastierung in Ruhe.At this time, the lock pin connected to the first permanent magnet shifts toward the core portion, that is, the core pin. in the retraction of the associated actuator pin, which shifts in now released detent by the force of the spring means in its working position. In contrast, the locking pin connected to the second permanent magnet and the associated actuator pin remain locked when the detent is locked.

Bei Bestromung der jeweils anderen Magnetspule kehrt sich die Wirkung des Magnetfelds um, so dass nunmehr der zweite Permanentmagnet angezogen wird, während der erste Permanentmagnet abgestoßen wird. Ausgangspunkt hierfür ist wiederum der Zustand, dass beide Aktuatorstifte mittels der Rastierungen in deren Ruhepositionen gehalten sind. In analoger Weise verlagert sich nun der zweite Aktuatorstift in dessen Arbeitsposition, während der erste Aktuatorstift in seiner Ruheposition verharrt.When current flows to the other magnet coil, the effect of the magnetic field is reversed, so that now the second permanent magnet is attracted while the first permanent magnet is repelled. The starting point for this, in turn, is the condition that both actuator pins are held in their rest positions by means of the detents. In an analogous manner, the second actuator pin now shifts into its working position, while the first actuator pin remains in its rest position.

Außerdem sollen die Permanentmagnete bei Anlage der Kopfabschnitte der Sperrstifte am Kernbereich zu diesem beabstandet verlaufen. Dies erfolgt konstruktiv zweckmäßigerweise dadurch, dass die Kopfabschnitte der Sperrstifte gegenüber den Permanentmagneten erhaben verlaufen. Durch diese Maßnahme kann die im Nahbereich zum Kernbereich exponentiell ansteigende Kraftwirkung der Permanentmagnete auf ein solches Maß begrenzt werden, dass bei stromlosen Magnetspulen eine ausreichende, die Sperrstifte rückstellende Kraftwirkung verbleibt. Diese Kraftwirkung soll zweckmäßigerweise von weiteren Federmitteln ausgehen, welche die Sperrstifte in die Ausfahrrichtung kraftbeaufschlagen.In addition, the permanent magnets should be spaced apart when the head portions of the locking pins on the core area. This is done constructively expediently in that the head portions of the locking pins are raised relative to the permanent magnets. As a result of this measure, the force effect of the permanent magnets, which increases exponentially in the vicinity of the core region, can be limited to such a degree that a sufficient force effect resetting the blocking pins remains with currentless solenoid coils. This force effect should expediently proceed from further spring means, which force the locking pins in the extension direction.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung sollen die Rastierungen jeweils durch folgende Merkmale gebildet sein:

  • ■ eine im Aktuatorstift verlaufende Längsbohrung zur Aufnahme des Sperrstifts und eine oder mehrere die Längsbohrung schneidende Querbohrungen,
  • ■ eine am Sperrstift ausgebildete erste Stützfläche und eine im Gehäuse ausgebildete zweite Stützfläche, wobei zumindest eine der Stützflächen gegenüber der Verfahrrichtung geneigt verläuft,
  • ■ und Rastkörper, die in den Querbohrungen beweglich angeordnet und in der Ruheposition zwischen den Stützflächen eingespannt sind.
In a preferred embodiment, the detents should each be formed by the following features:
  • A longitudinal bore extending in the actuator pin for receiving the locking pin and one or more transverse bores cutting the longitudinal bore,
  • ■ a formed on the locking pin first support surface and formed in the housing second support surface, wherein at least one of the support surfaces is inclined with respect to the travel direction,
  • ■ and locking body, which are arranged movably in the transverse bores and clamped in the rest position between the support surfaces.

Bei einer solchen, auf Form- oder Reibschluss basierenden Rastierung sind nur kleine Wirkflächen erforderlich, um den zugehörigen Aktuatorstift entgegen der Kraft des Federmittels sicher in dessen Ruheposition zu halten. Im Gegensatz zu den so erzeugbaren Haltekräften sind die erforderlichen Kräfte zum Lösen der Rastierung um ein Vielfaches geringer, da neben der Kraft des den Sperrstift beaufschlagenden weiteren Federmittels lediglich die zwischen den Rastkörpern und den Stützflächen wirkenden Reibkräfte zu überwinden sind.In such, based on form or frictional engagement detent only small effective areas are required to keep the associated actuator pin against the force of the spring means safely in its rest position. In contrast to the holding forces which can be generated in this way, the forces required to release the detent are many times lower, since in addition to the force of the further spring means acting on the detent pin, only the frictional forces acting between the detent bodies and the support surfaces have to be overcome.

Der bzw. die Rastkörper sind bevorzugt als Kugeln ausgebildet, wie sie als extrem kostengünstiges Massenprodukt einer Wälzkörperfertigung entnehmbar sind. Dabei können drei Kugeln und drei gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Aktuatorstifts verteilte Querbohrungen vorgesehen sein. Diese Anordnung ist gegenüber lediglich einer Kugel insoweit vorteilhaft, als entweder bei identischer Dimensionierung der Kugeln größere Haltekräfte erzeugbar sind oder bei kleinerer Dimensionierung der Kugeln - entsprechend einem weiterhin reduzierten Bauraumbedarf der Rastierung - die gegebenenfalls bereits ausreichende Haltekraft nur einer Kugel erzeugbar ist. Zum anderen führt die Anordnung der um 120° umfangsverteilten Kugeln zu einer mechanisch günstigen, zentrierten Abstützung des Sperrstifts in der Längsbohrung des Aktuatorstifts. Dennoch sind selbstverständlich auch Anordnungen mit lediglich einer, zwei, vier oder mehr Kugeln möglich.The one or more locking bodies are preferably formed as balls, as they are removable as an extremely cost-effective mass product of a rolling element. In this case, three balls and three evenly distributed over the circumference of the actuator pin transverse bores may be provided. This arrangement is advantageous over only one ball insofar as either larger holding forces can be generated with identical dimensioning of the balls or with smaller dimensions of the balls - according to a further reduced space requirements of the detent - the possibly already sufficient holding force only one ball can be generated. On the other hand, the arrangement of circumferentially distributed by 120 ° balls leads to a mechanically favorable, centered support of the locking pin in the longitudinal bore of the actuator pin. Nevertheless, of course, arrangements with only one, two, four or more balls are possible.

Außerdem können die Kugeln selbsthemmend zwischen den Stützflächen eingespannt sein, wobei die Stützflächen einen konstanten oder einen sich in die Einfahrrichtung verkleinernden Abstand zueinander aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann die zweite Stützfläche parallel zur Verfahrrichtung des Aktuatorstifts verlaufen und Teil einer fertigungsgünstig durchgehend zylindrischen Längsführung für den Aktuatorstift sein. Bei der konstruktiven Auslegung der Stützflächen sind selbstverständlich sowohl die Kräfte der Federmittel als auch die Reibungsverhältnisse an den Kugel-Stützflächen-Kontakten zu berücksichtigen, so dass der für eine einwandfreie Funktion der Rastierung erforderliche Bereich der Selbsthemmung an diesen Kontakten nicht verlassen wird.In addition, the balls may be self-locking clamped between the support surfaces, wherein the support surfaces have a constant or a decreasing in the retraction distance from each other. For example, the second support surface may be parallel to the direction of travel of the actuator pin and be part of a production-wise continuous cylindrical guide for the Aktuatorstift. In the design of the support surfaces Of course, both the forces of the spring means and the friction conditions on the ball-support surface contacts are taken into account, so that the required for proper functioning of the detent region of self-locking is not left at these contacts.

Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, dass sich die erste Stützfläche am Sperrstift in die Ausfahrrichtung radial verjüngt und dass die Stützflächen parallel zueinander verlaufen. Im Falle rotationssymmetrischer Stützflächen sind dann die Stützflächen kreiskegelstumpfförmig ausgebildet. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht einen besonders verschleißarmen Gleit- oder Wälzkontakt zwischen den Kugeln und den Stützflächen, wenn der Aktuatorstift die Ruheposition verlässt und wieder erreicht.It is expedient that the first support surface on the locking pin in the extension direction radially tapers and that the support surfaces are parallel to each other. In the case of rotationally symmetrical support surfaces then the support surfaces are formed kreisflgelstumpfförmig. This embodiment allows a particularly low-wear sliding or rolling contact between the balls and the support surfaces when the actuator pin leaves the rest position and reached again.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und aus den Figuren, in denen ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Stellvorrichtung dargestellt ist. Sofern nicht anders erwähnt, sind dabei gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Merkmale oder Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszahlen versehen. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
die elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung im Längsschnitt und
Figur 2
eine bekannte Ausführung eines mit einer Stellvorrichtung zusammenwirkenden hubvariablen Ventiltriebs einer Brennkraftmaschine.
Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the figures, in which an embodiment of an electromagnetic actuating device according to the invention is shown. Unless otherwise stated, the same or functionally identical features or components are provided with the same reference numbers. Show it:
FIG. 1
the electromagnetic actuator in longitudinal section and
FIG. 2
a known embodiment of a cooperating with an actuator stroke variable valve train of an internal combustion engine.

Ausführliche Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDetailed description of the drawings

Figur 1 offenbart ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Stellvorrichtung 1, die zur Ansteuerung eines grundsätzlich bekannten hubvariablen Ventiltriebs einer Brennkraftmaschine dient. Das grundlegende Funktionsprinzip eines solchen Ventiltriebs ist in Figur 2 dargestellt und lässt sich dahingehend zusammenfassen, dass anstelle einer konventionell starr ausgebildeten Nockenwelle eine Trägerwelle 2 mit einem darauf drehfest und längsverschiebbar angeordneten Nockenstück 3 vorgesehen ist. Das Nockenstück 3 weist zwei Gruppen axial benachbarter Nocken 4 und 5 mit unterschiedlichen Öffnungsverläufen auf, die zur betriebspunktabhängigen Betätigung von Gaswechselventilen 6 dienen. Die zur selektiven Aktivierung des jeweiligen Nockens 4 oder 5 erforderliche Verschiebung des Nockenstücks 3 auf der Trägerwelle 2 erfolgt über spiralförmige Verschiebenuten 7 am Nockenstück 3, die sich entsprechend der Verschieberichtung in ihrer Orientierung unterscheiden und in die, je nach momentaner Stellung des Nockenstücks 3, jeweils ein Aktuatorstift 8 oder 9 einkoppelbar ist. FIG. 1 discloses an embodiment of an adjusting device 1 according to the invention, which serves to control a basically known variable stroke valve train of an internal combustion engine. The basic operating principle of such a valve train is in FIG. 2 and can be summarized to the effect that instead of a conventional rigidly trained Camshaft, a support shaft 2 with a rotatably and longitudinally displaceably arranged cam piece 3 is provided. The cam piece 3 has two groups of axially adjacent cams 4 and 5 with different opening curves, which serve for operating point-dependent actuation of gas exchange valves 6. The required for selective activation of the respective cam 4 or 5 displacement of the cam piece 3 on the support shaft 2 via spiral displacement grooves 7 on the cam piece 3, which differ according to the direction of displacement in their orientation and in, depending on the current position of the cam piece 3, respectively an actuator pin 8 or 9 can be coupled.

Bei der Stellvorrichtung 1 handelt es sich um eine in den Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine montierbare Baueinheit mit einem Gehäuse 10 und zwei darin angeordneten, hohlzylindrisch ausgebildeten Aktuatorstiften 8 und 9. Die als Gleichteile ausgebildeten Aktuatorstifte 8, 9 sind in Längsführungen 11 des Gehäuses 10 gelagert und können voneinander unabhängig zwischen einer im Gehäuse 10 eingefahrenen Ruheposition (wie dargestellt) und einer aus dem Gehäuse 10 ausgefahrenen Arbeitsposition hin und her verfahren. Wie vorstehend erläutert, sind die Aktuatorstifte 8, 9 in der (nicht dargestellten) Arbeitsposition mit einer zugehörigen Verschiebenut eines Nockenstücks in Eingriff, um das Nockenstück zu verschieben.The adjusting device 1 is an assembly which can be mounted in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine with a housing 10 and two hollow cylindrical actuator pins 8 and 9. The actuator pins 8, 9 designed as identical parts are mounted in longitudinal guides 11 of the housing 10 and can be mounted move independently between a retracted in the housing 10 rest position (as shown) and a retracted from the housing 10 working position back and forth. As explained above, in the working position (not shown), the actuator pins 8, 9 are engaged with an associated cam groove of a cam piece to displace the cam piece.

Die von Federmitteln - hier Schraubendruckfedern 12 - in die Ausfahrrichtung kraftbeaufschlagten Aktuatorstifte 8, 9 werden von Rastierungen in der Ruheposition gehalten. Ein Lösen der Rastierungen erfolgt durch ansteuerbare Sperrstifte 13 und 14, die ebenfalls als Gleichteile ausgebildet und relativ zu den Aktuatorstiften 8, 9 in deren Verfahrrichtung verlagerbar sind.By spring means - here helical compression springs 12 - in the extension direction kraftbeaufschlagten actuator pins 8, 9 are held by detents in the rest position. A release of the detents is effected by controllable locking pins 13 and 14, which are also formed as identical parts and relative to the actuator pins 8, 9 are displaced in the direction of travel.

Die miteinander identischen Rastierungen sind jeweils durch eine im Aktuatorstift 8, 9 verlaufende Längsbohrung 15 und diese schneidende Querbohrungen 16, eine am Sperrstift 13, 14 ausgebildete erste Stützfläche 17 und eine im Gehäuse 10 ausgebildete zweite Stützfläche 18 sowie drei Rastkörpern in Form von Kugeln 19 gebildet. Die in den gleichmäßig am Umfang des Aktuatorstifts 8, 9 verteilten Querbohrungen 16 beweglich angeordneten Kugeln 19 sind in der Ruheposition des Aktuatorstifts 8, 9 zwischen den Stützflächen 17 und 18 eingespannt. Hierzu verjüngt sich der in der Längsbohrung 15 verlaufende Endabschnitt 20 des Sperrstifts 13, 14 konisch in Ausfahrrichtung des Aktuatorstifts 8, 9, so dass die erste Stützfläche 17 die Außenmantelfläche eines Kreiskegelstumpfs bildet. Die zweite Stützfläche 18 im Gehäuse 10 verläuft mit konstantem Abstand dazu und bildet folglich die Innenmantelfläche eines Kreiskegelstumpfs.The mutually identical detents are formed in each case by a longitudinal bore 15 running in the actuator pin 8, and by cross-bores 16, a first support surface 17 formed on the locking pin 13, 14, and a second support surface 18 formed in the housing 10, and three detent bodies in the form of balls 19 , The in the evenly on the circumference of the Aktuatorstifts 8, 9 distributed transverse bores 16 movably arranged balls 19 are clamped in the rest position of the actuator pin 8, 9 between the support surfaces 17 and 18. For this purpose, the extending in the longitudinal bore 15 end portion 20 of the locking pin 13, 14 tapers conically in the extension direction of the Aktuatorstifts 8, 9, so that the first support surface 17 forms the outer circumferential surface of a circular truncated cone. The second support surface 18 in the housing 10 extends at a constant distance thereto and thus forms the inner circumferential surface of a circular truncated cone.

Die Sperrstifte 13, 14 sind jeweils durch ein weiteres Federmittel - hier eine Schraubendruckfeder 21 - ebenfalls in die Ausfahrrichtung kraftbeaufschlagt. Der Neigungswinkel der Stützflächen 17, 18 gegenüber der Verfahrrichtung des Aktuatorstifts 8, 9 ist unter Berücksichtigung der auf den Sperrstift 13, 14 und den Aktuatorstift 8, 9 wirkenden Federkräfte sowie der Reibungsverhältnisse an den Kugel-Stützflächen-Kontakten so gewählt, dass die Kugeln 19 selbsthemmend zwischen den Stützflächen 17, 18 eingespannt sind und so den Aktuatorstift 8, 9 sicher in der Ruheposition fixieren. Der Neigungswinkel beträgt vorliegend etwa 5°.The locking pins 13, 14 are each acted upon by a further spring means - here a helical compression spring 21 - also in the extension direction. The angle of inclination of the support surfaces 17, 18 with respect to the direction of travel of the actuator pin 8, 9 is chosen taking into account the force acting on the locking pin 13, 14 and the actuator pin 8, 9 spring forces and the friction conditions on the ball-support surface contacts that the balls 19th self-locking between the support surfaces 17, 18 are clamped and so fix the actuator pin 8, 9 securely in the rest position. The inclination angle is presently about 5 °.

Die konzentrischen Schraubendruckfedern 12, 21 stützen sich einerseits an im Gehäuse 10 eingepressten Buchsen 22 und andererseits an kreisringförmigen Stirnflächen 23 und 24 der Aktuatorstifte 8, 9 bzw. der Sperrstifte 13, 14 ab. Diese werden zum Lösen der Rastierungen elektromagnetisch kraftbeaufschlagt in die Einfahrrichtung der Aktuatorstifte 8, 9 verlagert und sind zu diesem Zweck an ihren den Aktuatorstiften 8, 9 abgewandten Kopfschnitten 25 mit daran befestigten Permanentmagneten 26 und 27 versehen. Diese sind zweipolig axial magnetisiert, in Verfahrrichtung der Aktuatorstifte 8, 9 bezüglich ihrer mit N und S bezeichneten Nord- und Südpole entgegengesetzt zueinander ausgerichtet und dem Magnetfeld einer Magnetspuleneinrichtung ausgesetzt.The concentric helical compression springs 12, 21 are based, on the one hand, on bushes 22 pressed in in the housing 10 and, on the other hand, on annular end faces 23 and 24 of the actuator pins 8, 9 and the locking pins 13, 14, respectively. These are electromagnetically kraftbeaufschlagt for releasing the detents in the retraction of the actuator pins 8, 9 shifted and are provided for this purpose at their the actuator pins 8, 9 facing away from the head portions 25 with attached permanent magnets 26 and 27. These are axially magnetized bipolar, in the direction of movement of the actuator pins 8, 9 with respect to their designated N and S north and south poles aligned opposite to each other and exposed to the magnetic field of a solenoid device.

Die Magnetspuleneinrichtung umfasst als wesentliche Bauteile einen stationären Kernbereich 28 und zwei voneinander unabhängig bestrombare Magnetspulen 29 und 30, die in der Verfahrrichtung der Aktuatorstifte 8, 9 aufeinanderfolgend, d.h. in axialer Reihenschaltung um den Kernbereich 28 angeordnet sind und ein umkehrbares Magnetfeld erzeugen, dessen Wirkrichtung vom momentanen Bestromungszustand der Magnetspulen 29, 30 abhängt. Die selektive Stromversorgung der Magnetspulen 29, 30 erfolgt über einen Steckverbinder 31. Der koaxial zu den Magnetspulen 29, 30 verlaufende Kernbereich 28 weist seitens der Permanentmagnete 26, 27 eine Schulter auf, die eine ebene Anlagefläche 31 für die Sperrstifte 13, 14 bildet. Eine stark haftende Anlage der Permanentmagnete 26, 27 an der Anlagefläche 31 wird dadurch vermieden, dass die Kopfabschnitte 25 der Sperrstifte 13, 14 gegenüber den Permanentmagneten 26, 27 erhaben verlaufen und diese stets einen entsprechenden Mindestabstand zur Anlagefläche 31 aufweisen.The magnetic coil device comprises, as essential components, a stationary core region 28 and two magnet coils which can be energized independently of one another 29 and 30, which are arranged in the direction of travel of the actuator pins 8, 9 successively, ie in axial series connection to the core region 28 and generate a reversible magnetic field, the effective direction of the instantaneous energization state of the magnetic coils 29, 30 depends. The selective power supply of the magnetic coils 29, 30 via a connector 31. The coaxial with the magnetic coils 29, 30 extending core portion 28 has on the part of the permanent magnets 26, 27 has a shoulder which forms a flat contact surface 31 for the locking pins 13, 14. A strongly adhering contact of the permanent magnets 26, 27 on the abutment surface 31 is avoided in that the head portions 25 of the locking pins 13, 14 are raised relative to the permanent magnets 26, 27 and they always have a corresponding minimum distance to the abutment surface 31.

Die Funktionsweise der Stellvorrichtung 1 ist wie folgt: die Bestromung der ersten Magnetspule 29 (die zweite Magnetspule 30 ist dabei unbestromt) erzeugt ein Magnetfeld erster Wirkrichtung mit Südpol an der Anlagefläche 31 des Kernbereichs 28, so dass der erste Permanentmagnet 26 mit dessen N-S-Polausrichtung angezogen und der zweite Permanentmagnet 27 mit dessen S-N-Polausrichtung abgestoßen wird. Während der abgestoßene zweite Permanentmagnet 27, der zugehörige Sperrstift 14 und folglich auch der zugehörige Aktuatorstift 9 bei gesperrter Rastierung in Ruhe verbleiben, wird der mit dem ersten Permanentmagnet 26 angezogene Sperrstift 13 bis zur Anlagefläche 31 in die Einfahrrichtung verlagert. Dabei löst sich die zugehörige Rastierung, indem die Klemmwirkung der Kugeln 19 gegenüber den Stützflächen 17, 18 aufgehoben wird. Während die Kugeln 19 der Neigung der zweiten Stützfläche 18 im Gehäuse 10 folgen und sich radial einwärts in den Querbohrungen 16 verlagern, wird der Aktuatorstift 8 durch die Kraft der Schraubendruckfeder 12 in seine Arbeitsposition getrieben. Die erste Magnetspule 29 wird daraufhin stromlos geschaltet, so dass der angezogene Sperrstift 13 durch die Kraft der Schraubendruckfeder 21 in seine Ausgangslage zurückkehrt.The operation of the actuator 1 is as follows: the energization of the first solenoid 29 (the second solenoid 30 is energized) generates a magnetic field first direction of action with south pole on the contact surface 31 of the core portion 28, so that the first permanent magnet 26 with its NS pole alignment tightened and the second permanent magnet 27 is repelled with its SN pole alignment. While the ejected second permanent magnet 27, the associated locking pin 14 and consequently also the associated actuator pin 9 remain at rest with locked detent, attracted with the first permanent magnet 26 locking pin 13 is displaced to the contact surface 31 in the retraction direction. In this case, the associated detent releases by the clamping action of the balls 19 relative to the support surfaces 17, 18 is repealed. While the balls 19 follow the inclination of the second support surface 18 in the housing 10 and move radially inwardly in the transverse bores 16, the actuator pin 8 is driven by the force of the helical compression spring 12 in its working position. The first solenoid 29 is then de-energized, so that the attracted locking pin 13 by the force of the helical compression spring 21 returns to its original position.

Wie eingangs erwähnt, wird der mit dem Nockenstück in Eingriff befindliche Aktuatorstift 8 durch den sich radial erhebenden Auslaufbereich der Verschiebenut zurück in dessen Ruheposition geschoben und dort wieder verrastet. Dies erfolgt dadurch, dass die Kugeln 19 dem geneigten Verlauf der ersten Stützfläche 17 am Sperrstift 13 folgen, sich radial auswärts in den Querbohrungen 16 verlagern und unter Selbsthemmung zwischen den Stützflächen 17, 18 eingespannt werden.As mentioned above, the actuator pin 8 located in engagement with the cam piece is moved through the radially rising outlet region of the sliding groove pushed back into its rest position and locked there again. This is done by the balls 19 follow the inclined course of the first support surface 17 on the locking pin 13, move radially outward in the transverse bores 16 and are clamped under self-locking between the support surfaces 17, 18.

Während der Aktuatorstift 8 nachfolgend in dessen verrasteter Ruheposition verbleibt, wird die Betätigung des anderen Aktuatorstifts 9 dadurch eingeleitet, dass nunmehr die zweite Magnetspule 30 bestromt wird, während die erste Magnetspule 29 unbestromt bleibt. Die umgekehrte Wirkrichtung des jetzt entstehenden Magnetfelds mit Nordpol an der Anlagefläche 31 des Kernbereichs 28 stößt den ersten Permanentmagnet 26 mit dessen N-S-Polausrichtung ab und zieht den zweiten Permanentmagnet 27 mit dessen S-N-Polausrichtung an. Der weitere Stellverlauf des anderen Aktuatorstifts 9 erfolgt in identischer Weise wie vorstehend für den Aktuatorstift 8 erläutert.While the actuator pin 8 subsequently remains in its latched rest position, the actuation of the other actuator pin 9 is initiated by the fact that now the second solenoid 30 is energized, while the first solenoid coil 29 remains energized. The reverse direction of action of the magnetic field with a north pole at the abutment surface 31 of the core region 28 abuts the first permanent magnet 26 with its NS pole orientation and attracts the second permanent magnet 27 with its SN pole orientation. The further control curve of the other actuator pin 9 takes place in an identical manner as explained above for the actuator pin 8.

Liste der BezugszahlenList of reference numbers

11
Stellvorrichtunglocking device
22
Trägerwellecarrier wave
33
Nockenstückcam piece
44
Nockencam
55
Nockencam
66
GaswechselventilGas exchange valve
77
Verschiebenutshift groove
88th
Aktuatorstiftactuator pin
99
Aktuatorstiftactuator pin
1010
Gehäusecasing
1111
Längsführunglongitudinal guide
1212
Federmittel / SchraubendruckfederSpring means / helical compression spring
1313
Sperrstiftlocking pin
1414
Sperrstiftlocking pin
1515
Längsbohrunglongitudinal bore
1616
Querbohrungcross hole
1717
erste Stützflächefirst support surface
1818
zweite Stützflächesecond support surface
1919
Rastkörper / KugelLatching body / ball
2020
Endabschnitt des SperrstiftsEnd portion of the locking pin
2121
weiteres Federmittel / Schraubendruckfederfurther spring means / helical compression spring
2222
BuchseRifle
2323
Stirnfläche des AktuatorstiftsEnd face of the actuator pin
2424
Stirnfläche des SperrstiftsFace of the locking pin
2525
Kopfabschnitt des SperrstiftsHead section of the locking pin
2626
Permanentmagnetpermanent magnet
2727
Permanentmagnetpermanent magnet
2828
Kernbereichcore area
2929
erste Magnetspulefirst solenoid
3030
zweite Magnetspulesecond solenoid
3131
Anlagefläche des KernbereichsContact surface of the core area

Claims (10)

  1. Electromagnetic actuating device (1), comprising a housing (10), two actuator pins (8, 9) which are mounted in the housing (10) such that they can move independently of one another between a rest position, in which they are retracted into the housing (10), and a working position, in which they are deployed out of the housing (10), and comprising an electrically energizable magnet coil device for the actuation of the actuator pins (8, 9), and comprising two permanent magnets (26, 27) which interact with the actuator pins (8, 9) in the actuation direction and which exhibit bipolar magnetization and are oriented with opposite polarity with respect one another in the movement direction and which are jointly assigned to a static core region (28) of the magnet coil device, wherein the magnet coil device is designed such that, as a function of the energization thereof, it generates on the core region (28) a magnetic field which reverses its direction of action and which attracts the first permanent magnet (26) and repels the second permanent magnet (27) and vice versa, characterized in that the magnet coil device has two magnet coils (29, 30) which can be energized independently of one another, such that, in the event of the first magnet coil (29) being energized, the magnetic field is generated with a first direction of action and in that, in the event of the second magnet coil (30) being energized, the magnetic field is generated with a reversed, second direction of action.
  2. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the magnet coils (29, 30) are arranged in succession in the movement direction.
  3. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator pins (8, 9) are assigned in each case one spring means (12), which loads the actuator pin (8, 9) with force in the deployment direction, a detent means and a blocking pin (13, 14) which interacts with the actuator pin (8, 9) by way of the detent means, which blocking pin holds the associated actuator pin (8, 9) in the rest position in the case of the detent means being blocked and is displaceable relative to said associated actuator pin in the movement direction, wherein the head portions (25), which face away from the actuator pins (8, 9), of the blocking pins (13, 14) are provided in each case with one of the permanent magnets (26, 27), and the magnetic field generated in the event of energization of one of the magnet coils (29, 30) displaces one of the blocking pins (13, 14) in the retraction direction, in order to release the associated detent means, and loads the other of the blocking pins (13, 14) with force in the deployment direction, in order to block the associated detent means.
  4. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 3, characterized in that, in the event of abutment of the head portions (25) of the blocking pins (13, 14) against the core region (28), the permanent magnets (26, 27) run spaced apart from said core region.
  5. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the head portions (25) of the blocking pins (13, 14) run in an elevated manner with respect to the permanent magnets (26, 27).
  6. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the detent means are formed in each case by the following features:
    - a longitudinal bore (15), which runs in the actuator pin (8, 9), for receiving the blocking pin (13, 14), and one or more transverse bores (16) which intersect the longitudinal bore (15),
    - a first support surface (17) formed on the blocking pin (13, 14) and a second support surface (18) formed in the housing (10), wherein at least one of the support surfaces (17, 18) runs obliquely with respect to the movement direction,
    - and detent bodies (19) which are arranged in a movable manner in the transverse bores (16) and which, in the rest position, are clamped between the support surfaces (17, 18).
  7. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that three detent bodies (19) in the form of balls, and three transverse bores (16) distributed uniformly over the circumference of the actuator pin (8, 9), are provided.
  8. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the balls (19) are clamped in a self-impeding manner between the support surfaces (17, 18), wherein the support surfaces (17, 18) have a spacing to one another which is constant or which decreases in size in the retraction direction.
  9. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the first support surface (17) tapers radially in the deployment direction and in that the support surfaces (17, 18) run parallel to one another.
  10. Actuating device (1) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the support surfaces (17, 18) are of circular frustoconical form.
EP10781510.2A 2009-12-02 2010-11-24 Electromagnetic actuating device Not-in-force EP2507485B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009056609A DE102009056609A1 (en) 2009-12-02 2009-12-02 Electromagnetic actuator
PCT/EP2010/068071 WO2011067142A1 (en) 2009-12-02 2010-11-24 Electromagnetic actuating device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2507485A1 EP2507485A1 (en) 2012-10-10
EP2507485B1 true EP2507485B1 (en) 2013-11-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10781510.2A Not-in-force EP2507485B1 (en) 2009-12-02 2010-11-24 Electromagnetic actuating device

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US (1) US20120235777A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2507485B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5746204B2 (en)
CN (1) CN102639824B (en)
DE (1) DE102009056609A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011067142A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2507485A1 (en) 2012-10-10
DE102009056609A1 (en) 2011-06-09
CN102639824A (en) 2012-08-15
JP5746204B2 (en) 2015-07-08
WO2011067142A1 (en) 2011-06-09
JP2013513054A (en) 2013-04-18
CN102639824B (en) 2014-12-17
US20120235777A1 (en) 2012-09-20

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