EP2505749B1 - Locking cylinder for a lock - Google Patents
Locking cylinder for a lock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2505749B1 EP2505749B1 EP12161966.2A EP12161966A EP2505749B1 EP 2505749 B1 EP2505749 B1 EP 2505749B1 EP 12161966 A EP12161966 A EP 12161966A EP 2505749 B1 EP2505749 B1 EP 2505749B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slide
- shaft
- housing
- cylinder according
- stop surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
- E05B47/0638—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by disconnecting the rotor
- E05B47/0642—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by disconnecting the rotor axially, i.e. with an axially disengaging coupling element
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
- E05B47/0638—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by disconnecting the rotor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
- E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
- E05B2047/0023—Nuts or nut-like elements moving along a driven threaded axle
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
- E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
- E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
- E05B2047/0031—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements of the elastic type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B2047/0093—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means including means for preventing manipulation by external shocks, blows or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
- E05B47/0615—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control operated by handles, e.g. by knobs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lock cylinder for a lock, in particular for a mortise lock for a door, with a housing and a rotatably mounted in a longitudinal bore of the housing shaft, with respect to the housing about a, defined by the shaft axis of rotation locking nose and with a by means of a drive operable clutch, by means of which a rotationally fixed coupling between the shaft and the locking lug can be produced in dependence on the verification of an authorization code, wherein the clutch comprises a by the drive in the axial direction of the shaft from a decoupled in a coupled position of the clutch movable slide which slider engages in the coupled position of the clutch in the locking lug indirectly or directly coupling.
- Locks with generic lock cylinders are known from the prior art basically, both in the embodiment as a purely mechanically operating lock and in the embodiment as an electronically operating lock or combinations thereof, so that it is not a separate printed evidence at this point requirement.
- Locks with generic lock cylinders are used, inter alia, in the entrance door area in door leaves, via a shaft of the lock cylinder, the opening and closing of the door, that is, the movement of a trap and / or a bolt is performed.
- the shaft on a door outside a handle in particular a freely rotatable knob, which only allows actuation of the case or the bolt when previously an authorization code has been verified by the lock cylinder.
- the authorization code can be entered mechanically or electronically. For example, it is the secret of a conventional mechanical or electronic key.
- the authorization code can be entered in the case of electronic locks, for example wirelessly via radio, via an input keyboard or the like.
- a construction is known for a lock cylinder, wherein the shaft of the lock cylinder is divided into two sections and has a first and a second section.
- the two sections of the shaft can be brought into operative connection with each other by means of a coupling.
- the coupling between two coaxially arranged parts of the first portion of the shaft is arranged and has two guided in recesses of the second part of the first portion of the shaft rolling body, which is used to establish the operative connection between the first part and the second part of the first portion Shaft by means of a movable slide in the circumferential direction of the first part of the first portion of the shaft extending recesses are inserted.
- the slide is actuated by means of a drive.
- the disclosure DE 20 2008 013 172 U1 a generic lock cylinder, which has made it its business, a lock, as it is from the DE 102 25 490 A1 is known to improve in terms of assembly.
- the drive for actuating the clutch is arranged in the shaft.
- the shaft has a shaft journal which engages in a bore of the locking lug.
- the shaft journal comprises a radially movable pin by means of the drive, which is guided in a bore of the shaft journal. In the coupled state, the pin is moved radially outward and engages for the purpose of coupling in a recess in the wall of the bore of the locking lug.
- an electromechanical lock which has a lock cylinder.
- This lock cylinder has a housing with a longitudinal axis extending bore into which a shaft is rotatably inserted. At this wave a locking nose is arranged.
- a coupling can be made depending on the verification of an authorization code, a rotationally fixed coupling between the shaft and locking lug, wherein the clutch has a by the drive in the axial direction of the shaft of a decoupled in a coupled position of the clutch movable slide, which in the coupled position of the Coupling engages directly or indirectly coupling in the locking lug.
- the solution provides in a generic lock cylinder, that the slide has a stop which cooperates with a fixed relative to a movement of the slide stop surface such that the slide up to a predetermined speed and / or a predetermined acceleration relative to the housing from the decoupled is movable in the coupled position and is blocked when exceeding the predetermined speed and / or acceleration in its movement in the direction of the coupled position.
- the special feature of the invention consists in the fact that the slider has a stop which cooperates with a stop surface of the housing. If the slider is moved at a predetermined maximum speed and / or a predetermined maximum acceleration in the direction of the coupled position, the stop slides on the stop surface. A movement of the slider in the direction of the coupled position is then possible. If, however, the predetermined speed and / or the predetermined acceleration exceeded, the movement of the slider is blocked in the direction of the coupled position. This is realized in that the stop of the slider when passing the predetermined speed and / or acceleration no longer slides on the stop surface, but rather rebounds from this and thereby returns to the decoupled position.
- the abutment surface may also be provided by a component other than the housing. It is crucial that the abutment surface is designed to be stationary relative to a movement of the slider. This ensures that the slider always interacts with the stop surface when moving in the direction of the coupled position.
- the authorization code is a lock secret of the lock cylinder Key.
- a smart card, a transponder and the like come into consideration.
- the privacy secret may be represented by a biometric feature of a user.
- the slider is designed such that it can be inserted into a receptacle provided for this purpose the closing nose. This creates a positive connection between the shaft and the closing nose in the coupled position. Thus, a power flow from the shaft to the locking nose is transferable.
- the stop surface of the housing and the stop of the slider can be formed by two mutually parallel surfaces. In contact, that is with a movement of the slider in the direction of the coupled position, then it comes to a surface contact, resulting in a comparatively inelastic shock result. This helps slide the slider on the housing.
- the stop of the slider can also be designed as an edge. It then comes in contact between the slide and the housing to a surface-edge contact, which has a relatively elastic shock result. This assists in rebounding the slider to the decoupled position when the predetermined speed and / or acceleration is exceeded.
- the second stop of the slider cooperates with the second stop surface. If the slider hits the stop surface with the first stop at too high a speed, it will be deflected by the pulse from its direction of movement. As a result, the second stop comes into contact with the second stop face, so that the slide is moved back into its original position.
- the maintenance of the predetermined speed and / or acceleration in a proper movement of the slider is supported by a constant drive of the drive. This is particularly easy in the case of an electric motor, since the drive then simply a constant voltage or a constant current is applied. This can be realized by appropriate electronics and / or controls. This prevents the slider from exceeding the predetermined speed and / or acceleration during an intended movement and from unintentionally rebounding into the decoupled position.
- the slide can be moved substantially axially relative to the shaft.
- its function can be decoupled from a rotational movement of the shaft, in particular when arranged on the shaft, because the coupling state can only be achieved by an axial displacement of the slide.
- a coupling effect may possibly be unintentionally achieved. This problem is completely avoided in the embodiment according to the invention.
- the slider may be axially guided on the shaft, so that it does not depend on accelerations due to rotation of the shaft with respect to its function.
- a slight inclination of the slider for the axial extent of the shaft is also included. This is due to the fact that certain relative rotations of the slider when changing between the decoupled are required in the coupled position. This especially if the slide slides with the stop on the stop surface of the housing.
- the shaft has two mutually rotatable sections, wherein a first portion rotatably connected to the locking lug and the slider is disposed on a second portion of the shaft.
- the two sections of the shaft are preferably freely rotatable relative to each other as long as there is no coupled state.
- This embodiment is particularly suitable for door locks, in which an actuation of the lock is provided from both sides of the door, with a permanent actuation option is provided regardless of the presence of an authorization code from one side, which is, for example, a door inside.
- the locking lug may also be integrally formed with the first portion. Only in the coupled state can be achieved by coupling the second portion of the shaft with the locking nose at the same time a coupling of the two shaft sections with each other.
- first section of the shaft is decoupled from the closing nose in such a way that in the coupled state the second section of the shaft merely engages the closing nose and at the same time decouples the closing lug from the first section of the shaft.
- first section of the shaft is decoupled from the closing nose in such a way that in the coupled state the second section of the shaft merely engages the closing nose and at the same time decouples the closing lug from the first section of the shaft.
- the shaft passes through the lock cylinder and the locking nose and is provided at both ends with a handle. In this way it can be achieved that the presence of a valid authorization code is required in both actuating directions of the door.
- the shaft comprises only one section, namely the section designed to cooperate with the slider.
- the lock cylinder according to the invention then serves as a half cylinder.
- the shaft comprises two sections, namely a non-rotatably connected to the locking lug portion and a cooperating with the slider portion. This is particularly advantageous in those applications in which a door from any particular page, namely that side on which the non-rotatably connected to the locking nose portion is arranged to operate at any time.
- the slider is connected via an energy storage device, in particular a spring element, to the drive, wherein the slider engages in the coupled position in the closing lug.
- an energy storage device in particular a spring element
- the slider engages in the coupled position in the closing lug.
- the slide can be driven by the mediation of the energy storage. This makes it possible to temporarily store the energy provided by the drive for a coupling process or for a decoupling operation, until the coupling process or the decoupling process can actually be carried out. Especially if for the Clutch operation or the decoupling a relative preferential position between the locking lug and the shaft in the direction of rotation is required, the energy for the operation of the clutch in the energy storage can be stored until the achievement of this preferred position.
- the preferred position may be formed by one or more relative rotational positions.
- the drive therefore does not need to remain activated until the actual operation of coupling or uncoupling is carried out. This type of drive thus allows a very low energy consumption.
- the invention proves in electronic locks, which are powered by a battery with electrical energy.
- the lock cylinder according to the invention allows a long service life of the electronic lock without battery change. Furthermore, it proves to be advantageous that only a few components for coupling or decoupling must be operated. A further reduction in energy consumption can be achieved. Due to the small number of components at the same time increases the reliability of the lock cylinder.
- the energy accumulator can be formed by a spring element, for example a helical spring.
- the slide can be acted upon by the force storage with a force so that it can automatically engage in the case of reaching a predetermined rotational position of the shaft relative to the locking lug in this to produce the coupled state.
- a function of a latching is realized.
- the engagement is possible only in one or more selected relative rotational positions or rotational positions of the shaft relative to the locking lug. This allows a coupling state can then be taken up very quickly automatically when the slider or the shaft and the locking lug are arranged in a lockable rotational position relative to each other.
- a renewed actuation of the drive is not required, because the energy required for producing the coupling state or the uncoupling state can be provided by the energy store. This has previously received and stored the energy from the drive.
- the slide is connected via a spring element to the drive.
- the spring element may for example be a leaf spring, a coil spring, a plate spring or the like. This biases the slider in the event that the authorization code has been verified and a coupled condition is to be established.
- the drive is actuated accordingly, wherein the slide due to the relative rotational position of the shaft relative to the locking nose can not yet take the coupling position.
- an electric drive can be provided so that an electronic lock can be realized.
- a pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical drive in particular a manual operation can be provided as a drive.
- the stop surface and / or the stop are aligned at an angle of 45 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing.
- the angle of 45 ° has proved to be particularly suitable in experiments by the applicant.
- the angle can be chosen to be almost vertical, as long as the materials used by the housing and slide still allow such a sliding friction that the slide can be safely transferred from the uncoupled position to the coupled position in normal operation.
- Much smaller angles than 45 ° should not be chosen because the slider in the event of a manipulation no longer rebounds in the uncoupled position as intended.
- the stop surface in the housing diametrically opposite a second stop surface is arranged, which cooperates with a second stop of the slider.
- the second stop surface may be formed parallel or substantially parallel to the first stop surface.
- the slide rests in its uncoupled position with the second stop at least partially against the second stop surface. This ensures the greatest possible closeness between the slide and the housing in the decoupled position. If a manipulation attempt is then made, the movement path of the slider in the direction of the second stop surface is as small as possible. This further increases the safety of the entire lock cylinder.
- the slider is formed with a bore and / or a weight for adjusting its center of gravity. This makes it possible to set the center of gravity of the slide individually. The dynamic properties of the slider can thus be adjusted extremely precisely. Subsequent adjustments through further drilling or adding weights are still possible. It is also conceivable to produce only one type of sliders, and then to individually configure the sliders for different types of lock cylinders. This reduces the number of components to be kept, and leads to lower storage costs.
- the slide on a focus which is arranged in the connection of the slide with the drive end remote from the slide.
- this end is meant that end of the slide which lies in the decoupled position between the two stop surfaces of the housing.
- the center of gravity is arranged above the stop of the slider. This in turn has the advantage that a proper transfer of the slider is supported by the uncoupled position in the coupled position. This makes it possible to have a lock cylinder provide sufficient training at the same time with excellent properties in the intended use and also very high safety requirements.
- a lock in particular a mortise lock for a door, with a lock cylinder of the invention is also proposed, wherein the shaft end carries a handle, preferably a knob or a pawl.
- the shaft carries not only at one end, but at both ends a handle.
- the lock with the lock cylinder according to the invention can be not only simple and inexpensive to produce, but it is also characterized by a high reliability during normal operation. This is achieved, inter alia, that the number of moving parts is reduced.
- the security is increased massively with the lock according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a lock cylinder designed as a half cylinder 1.
- the lock cylinder 1 comprises a housing 2 with a longitudinal bore 3.
- a shaft 4th arranged in the longitudinal bore 3 in the longitudinal bore 3.
- the shaft 4 is fixed in the axial direction on the housing 2.
- the shaft 4 is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis 5 in the housing 2.
- a locking nose 6 is added in the housing 2.
- the locking lug 6 is freely rotating relative to the shaft 4 in a decoupled position.
- the shaft 4 consists of only one section 13th
- the shaft 4 has a drive 7.
- the drive 7 is presently designed as an electric motor.
- the drive 7 drives a toothed rack via a worm.
- the rack receives a spring element 14.
- the spring element 14 is received by a first end of the rack and is received at a second end of a slider 9.
- By means of the spring element 14 are forces from the rack, and thus the drive 7, transferable to the slider 9.
- a rotational movement of the drive 7 in a translational movement of the slider 9 is transformable.
- the slider 9 is designed to cooperate with the locking lug 6.
- Slide 9 and closing lug 6 form a clutch 8.
- the clutch 8 is switchable between a decoupled and a coupled position.
- the closing nose 6 has a recess into which the slide 9 can slide. This is the coupled position in which a positive connection between the shaft 4 and the locking lug 6 is formed.
- the drive 7 moves the spring element 14 in such a position in which the slider 9 urges under spring load in the coupled position.
- the recess of the closing nose 6 and the slide 9 are brought into a mutually corresponding position in the direction of rotation of the closing nose 6, for example by turning the shaft 4, the slide 9 engages in the recess of the closing nose 6.
- the described positive connection is then achieved.
- the slider 9 has a stop 10, which is designed to cooperate with a stop surface 11 of the housing 2.
- a stop 10 which is designed to cooperate with a stop surface 11 of the housing 2.
- the slider 9 slides the slider 9 at a predetermined speed and / or acceleration with the stop 10 on the stop surface 11 in the direction of the coupled position.
- an attempted manipulation of the lock cylinder 1 for example by a so-called bounce impact
- on a patch on the portion 13 handle the speed and / or acceleration of the slider 9 exceeds the predetermined speed and / or acceleration.
- the stopper 10 then slides no longer on the stop surface 11, but bounces by means of a partially elastic shock in the direction of the uncoupled position. This is supported by a second stop 16 of the slider 9.
- the second stop 16 is designed to cooperate with a second stop surface 15 of the housing 2.
- the slider 9 In a bouncing impact acting on the lock cylinder 1, the slider 9 thus initially bounces off the stop surface 11 with its first stop 10, and bounces back by a subsequent contact of the second stop 16 with the second stop face 15 in the direction of the decoupled position.
- the slide 9 is transferred into the coupled position of the coupling 8 by a force action. Rather, it is the case that the rebound effect described becomes all the more effective the more strongly the lock cylinder 1 is driven.
- the slider 9 has a bore 17. Through the bore 17, the mass distribution of the slider 9 is influenced. As a result, the center of gravity 18 of the slider 9 can be changed. It is also conceivable that the slider 9 is subjected to weights, for example by gluing or screwing, so that the center of gravity 18 is adjusted according to the new weight distribution. In the present example, the center of gravity 18 is in the region of one end 19 of the slider 9. The end 19 is that end of the slider 9, which is in the decoupled position between the first stop surface 11 and the second stop surface 15.
- Fig. 1 shows the clutch 8 in the decoupled position
- Fig. 2 shows the Fig. 2 the clutch 8 in the coupled position.
- the Fig. 2 shows not a half cylinder, but a double-actuated lock cylinder 1.
- the operating principle of the clutch 8 according to the invention including the drive 7, the locking lug 6 and all other components described above, however, is described in all FIGS. 1 to 5 the same. In this respect, the illustrated functions and effects are not limited to the respective figure, but rather as an inventive principle transferable to other embodiments.
- the slider 9 In the coupled position of the clutch 8, the slider 9 is in operative connection with the locking lug 6. There is a rotationally fixed connection of the second portion 13 of the shaft 4 with the locking lug 6. The locking lug 6 is located in an axial extent the shaft 4 parallel alignment.
- the slider 9 is of the in the Fig. 1 shown position by sliding the stopper 10 on the stop surface 11 under spring bias of the spring element 14 in the in the Fig. 2 shown position movable.
- the Fig. 3 shows basically the same position of the slider 9 as in the Fig. 1 , Unlike the one in the Fig. 1
- the illustrated embodiment is in the lock cylinder 1 according to Fig. 3
- the shaft 4 comprises a first section 12 and a second section 13.
- the first section 12 and the second section 13 are rotatable with each other.
- the first portion 12 is rotatably connected to the locking lug 6 connectable.
- Fig. 4 shows a partial wire model of a lock cylinder according to the invention 1. In this case, the complete representation of the housing 2 and the locking lug 6 was omitted. In this Fig. 4 is particularly clear to recognize the spindle of the drive 7, which drives the rack with the spring element 14 arranged thereon.
- Fig. 5 shows once again the coupled position of the clutch 8.
- the function of the slide 9 to form a positive connection between the locking lug 6 and the shaft 4 in the direction of rotation about the axis of rotation 5 can be clearly seen.
- the slide 9 of the coupled position extends parallel to the axis of rotation 5.
- the slider 9 is in the in Fig. 1 and 3 shown position in a slightly oblique orientation to the axis of rotation. 5
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schließzylinder für ein Schloss, insbesondere für ein Einsteckschloss für eine Tür, mit einem Gehäuse und einer in einer Längsbohrung des Gehäuses drehbar gelagerten Welle, mit einer gegenüber dem Gehäuse um eine, durch die Welle definierte Drehachse verdrehbaren Schließnase und mit einer mittels eines Antriebs betätigbaren Kupplung, mittels der in Abhängigkeit der Verifikation eines Berechtigungscodes eine drehfeste Kopplung zwischen der Welle und der Schließnase herstellbar ist, wobei die Kupplung einen durch den Antrieb in Axialrichtung der Welle von einer entkuppelten in eine gekuppelte Stellung der Kupplung bewegbaren Schieber umfasst, welcher Schieber in der gekuppelten Stellung der Kupplung in die Schließnase mittelbar oder unmittelbar kuppelnd eingreift.The present invention relates to a lock cylinder for a lock, in particular for a mortise lock for a door, with a housing and a rotatably mounted in a longitudinal bore of the housing shaft, with respect to the housing about a, defined by the shaft axis of rotation locking nose and with a by means of a drive operable clutch, by means of which a rotationally fixed coupling between the shaft and the locking lug can be produced in dependence on the verification of an authorization code, wherein the clutch comprises a by the drive in the axial direction of the shaft from a decoupled in a coupled position of the clutch movable slide which slider engages in the coupled position of the clutch in the locking lug indirectly or directly coupling.
Schlösser mit gattungsgemäßen Schließzylindern sind aus dem Stand der Technik dem Grunde nach bekannt, und zwar sowohl in der Ausgestaltung als rein mechanisch arbeitendes Schloss als auch in der Ausgestaltung als elektronisch arbeitendes Schloss oder Kombinationen hiervon, so dass es eines gesonderten druckschriftlichen Nachweises an dieser Stelle nicht bedarf. Schlösser mit gattungsgemäßen Schließzylindern werden unter anderem im Eingangstürbereich in Türblätter eingesetzt, wobei über eine Welle des Schließzylinders das Öffnen und Schließen der Tür, das heißt, das Bewegen einer Falle und/oder eines Riegels ausgeführt wird. Zu diesem Zweck weist die Welle auf einer Türaußenseite eine Handhabe, insbesondere einen frei drehbaren Drehknauf auf, der nur dann eine Betätigung der Falle beziehungsweise des Riegels erlaubt, wenn zuvor durch den Schließzylinder ein Berechtigungscode verifiziert worden ist. Türinnenseitig ist ebenfalls eine Handhabe angeordnet, deren Betätigung unabhängig vom Vorliegen der Verifikation eines Berechtigungscodes die Betätigung der Falle beziehungsweise des Riegels ermöglicht. Dadurch kann gewährleistet werden, dass die Tür von der Innenseite her immer geöffnet werden kann, und zwar unabhängig vom Vorhandensein eines gültigen Berechtigungscodes. Der Berechtigungscode kann mechanisch oder elektronisch eingegeben werden. Beispielsweise ist er das Schließgeheimnis eines herkömmlichen mechanischen oder elektronischen Schlüssels. Der Berechtigungscode kann bei elektronischen Schlössern beispielsweise drahtlos über Funk, über eine Eingabetastatur oder dergleichen eingegeben werden.Locks with generic lock cylinders are known from the prior art basically, both in the embodiment as a purely mechanically operating lock and in the embodiment as an electronically operating lock or combinations thereof, so that it is not a separate printed evidence at this point requirement. Locks with generic lock cylinders are used, inter alia, in the entrance door area in door leaves, via a shaft of the lock cylinder, the opening and closing of the door, that is, the movement of a trap and / or a bolt is performed. For this purpose, the shaft on a door outside a handle, in particular a freely rotatable knob, which only allows actuation of the case or the bolt when previously an authorization code has been verified by the lock cylinder. Door inside also a handle is arranged, the operation of which is independent of the presence of the Verification of an authorization code allows the operation of the case or the bolt. This ensures that the door can always be opened from the inside, regardless of the presence of a valid authorization code. The authorization code can be entered mechanically or electronically. For example, it is the secret of a conventional mechanical or electronic key. The authorization code can be entered in the case of electronic locks, for example wirelessly via radio, via an input keyboard or the like.
Aus der
Weiterhin offenbart die
Auch wenn sich diese Konstruktion bewährt hat, besteht weiterhin Verbesserungsbedarf, da sich die vorgenannte Konstruktion immer noch als vergleichsweise aufwändig hinsichtlich der Montage herausgestellt hat.Although this construction has proven itself, there is still room for improvement, since the aforementioned construction has still been found to be relatively complex in terms of assembly.
Weiterhin ist aus der
Schließlich ist aus der
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, bei hoher Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit und geringem Energieverbrauch die Herstellkosten des Schließzylinders zu reduzieren und die Sicherheit des Schließzylinders, insbesondere in Richtung eines verbesserten Einbruchsschutzes zu verbessern.It is the object of the invention to reduce the production costs of the lock cylinder at a high reaction rate and low energy consumption and to improve the safety of the lock cylinder, in particular in the direction of improved burglary protection.
Die Lösung sieht bei einem gattungsgemäßen Schließzylinder vor, dass der Schieber einen Anschlag aufweist, der mit einer relativ zu einer Bewegung des Schiebers feststehenden Anschlagfläche derart zusammenwirkt, dass der Schieber bis zu einer vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit und/oder einer vorbestimmten Beschleunigung relativ zum Gehäuse aus der entkuppelten in die gekuppelte Stellung bewegbar ist und bei Überschreiten der vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung in seiner Bewegung in Richtung der gekuppelten Stellung blockiert ist.The solution provides in a generic lock cylinder, that the slide has a stop which cooperates with a fixed relative to a movement of the slide stop surface such that the slide up to a predetermined speed and / or a predetermined acceleration relative to the housing from the decoupled is movable in the coupled position and is blocked when exceeding the predetermined speed and / or acceleration in its movement in the direction of the coupled position.
Es handelt sich somit um einen Schließzylinder, bei dem zumindest ein Abschnitt einer Welle und eine Schließnase gegeneinander freilaufend gelagert sind. Durch einen bewegbaren Schieber ist eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen der Welle und der Schließnase herstellbar. Der Schieber ist hierzu drehfest an der Welle festgelegt, jedoch in axialer Richtung der Welle verschiebbar ausgebildet. Der Schieber ist durch einen Antrieb zwischen einer die Welle und die Schließnase drehfest verbindenden Stellung (gekuppelte Stellung) und einer die Welle und die Schließnase nicht verbindenden Stellung (entkuppelte Stellung) bewegbar.It is thus a lock cylinder in which at least a portion of a shaft and a locking lug are mounted against each other free-running. By a movable slide a rotationally fixed connection between the shaft and the locking lug can be produced. The slider is for this purpose fixed against rotation on the shaft, however, designed to be displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft. The slider is movable by a drive between a shaft and the locking lug rotationally connected position (coupled position) and a shaft and the locking lance not connecting position (disengaged position).
Der besondere Clou der Erfindung besteht nun darin, dass der Schieber einen Anschlag aufweist, der mit einer Anschlagfläche des Gehäuses zusammenwirkt. Sofern der Schieber mit einer vorbestimmten maximalen Geschwindigkeit und/oder einer vorbestimmten maximalen Beschleunigung in Richtung der gekuppelten Stellung bewegt wird, gleitet der Anschlag auf der Anschlagfläche. Eine Bewegung des Schiebers in Richtung der gekuppelten Stellung ist dann möglich. Wird hingegen die vorbestimmte Geschwindigkeit und/oder die vorbestimmte Beschleunigung überschritten, ist die Bewegung des Schiebers in Richtung der gekuppelten Stellung blockiert. Dies wird dadurch realisiert, dass der Anschlag des Schiebers beim Überschreiten der vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung nicht mehr auf der Anschlagfläche gleitet, sondern vielmehr von dieser zurückprallt und dadurch in die entkuppelte Stellung zurückkehrt.The special feature of the invention consists in the fact that the slider has a stop which cooperates with a stop surface of the housing. If the slider is moved at a predetermined maximum speed and / or a predetermined maximum acceleration in the direction of the coupled position, the stop slides on the stop surface. A movement of the slider in the direction of the coupled position is then possible. If, however, the predetermined speed and / or the predetermined acceleration exceeded, the movement of the slider is blocked in the direction of the coupled position. This is realized in that the stop of the slider when passing the predetermined speed and / or acceleration no longer slides on the stop surface, but rather rebounds from this and thereby returns to the decoupled position.
Die Anschlagsfläche kann auch von einem anderen Bauteil als dem Gehäuse bereitgestellt sein. Entscheidend ist, dass die Anschlagsfläche relativ zu einer Bewegung des Schiebers feststehend ausgebildet ist. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass der Schieber bei einer Bewegung in Richtung der gekuppelten Stellung immer mit der Anschlagfläche zusammenwirkt.The abutment surface may also be provided by a component other than the housing. It is crucial that the abutment surface is designed to be stationary relative to a movement of the slider. This ensures that the slider always interacts with the stop surface when moving in the direction of the coupled position.
Untersuchungen der Anmelderin haben nämlich ergeben, dass eine Vielzahl von Manipulationsversuchen bei gattungsgemäßen Schlössern durch sogenannte Prellschläge unternommen wird. Dabei wird beispielsweise mit einem Hammer auf die Welle des Schlosses geschlagen mit dem Ziel, den Schieber gewaltsam in die gekuppelte Stellung zu überführen. Die Erfindung schafft hier Abhilfe. In vorteilhafter Weise wird verhindert, dass ein gattungsgemäßes Schloss durch solche Prellschläge manipuliert werden kann. Dies liegt darin begründet, dass die durch einen Prellschlag auftretenden Geschwindigkeiten und/oder Beschleunigungen des Schiebers höher sind als die bei einem bestimmungsgemäßen Antrieb des Schiebers auftretenden vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeiten und/oder Beschleunigungen. In vorteilhafter Weise ist es sogar so, dass je heftiger eine Schlageinwirkung auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder ist, desto stärker drängt der Schieber beim Abprallen des Anschlags auf der Anschlagfläche des Gehäuses in die entkuppelte Stellung zurück. Der erfindungsgemäße Schließzylinder widersteht daher auch stärksten Gewalteinwirkungen. Dadurch wird die Sicherheit des Schließzylinders massiv erhöht.Investigations by the applicant have shown that a large number of attempts at manipulation in generic locks are made by so-called impact impacts. It is beaten, for example, with a hammer on the shaft of the castle with the aim to forcibly transfer the slider in the coupled position. The invention provides a remedy. Advantageously, it is prevented that a generic lock can be manipulated by such bounce impacts. This is due to the fact that the velocities and / or accelerations of the slide occurring due to a bounce impact are higher than the predetermined speeds and / or accelerations occurring during a proper drive of the slider. In an advantageous manner, it is even the case that the more violent a striking effect on a lock cylinder according to the invention, the stronger the slide urges the rebound of the stop on the abutment surface of the housing in the uncoupled position. The lock cylinder according to the invention therefore also withstands the strongest effects of violence. As a result, the security of the lock cylinder is massively increased.
Der Berechtigungscode ist ein das Schließgeheimnis des Schließzylinders aufweisender Schlüssel. Hier kommen beispielsweise eine Chipkarte, ein Transponder und dgl. in Betracht. Auch kann das Schließgeheimnis durch ein biometrisches Merkmal eines Nutzers repräsentiert sein.The authorization code is a lock secret of the lock cylinder Key. Here, for example, a smart card, a transponder and the like come into consideration. Also, the privacy secret may be represented by a biometric feature of a user.
Der Schieber ist derart ausgebildet, dass er in eine dafür vorgesehene Aufnahme der Schließnase einführbar ist. Dadurch entsteht in der gekuppelten Stellung ein Formschluss zwischen der Welle und der Schließnase. Somit ist ein Kraftfluss von der Welle auf die Schließnase übertragbar.The slider is designed such that it can be inserted into a receptacle provided for this purpose the closing nose. This creates a positive connection between the shaft and the closing nose in the coupled position. Thus, a power flow from the shaft to the locking nose is transferable.
Befindet sich der Schieber in der entkuppelten Stellung können die Anschlagfläche des Gehäuses und der Anschlag des Schiebers durch zwei zueinander parallele Flächen gebildet sein. Im Kontakt, das heißt bei einer Bewegung des Schiebers in Richtung der gekuppelten Stellung, kommt es dann zu einer Flächenberührung, was einen vergleichsweise unelastischen Stoß zur Folge hat. Dies unterstützt das Abgleiten des Schiebers auf dem Gehäuse. Der Anschlag des Schiebers kann aber auch als Kante ausgebildet sein. Es kommt dann beim Kontakt zwischen Schieber und Gehäuse zu einer Fläche-Kante-Berührung, was einen vergleichsweise elastischen Stoß zur Folge hat. Dies unterstützt das Zurückprallen des Schiebers in die entkuppelte Stellung beim Überschreiten der vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung. Somit sind verschiedene Ausführungen des Schiebers denkbar, die in einem jeweiligen konkreten Anwendungsfall Vorteile haben. Der zweite Anschlag des Schiebers wirkt mit der zweiten Anschlagfläche zusammen. Trifft der Schieber mit dem ersten Anschlag mit zu großer Geschwindigkeit auf die Anschlagfläche, wird er durch den Impuls aus seiner Bewegungsrichtung abgelenkt. Hierdurch kommt der zweite Anschlag mit der zweiten Anschlagfläche in Kontakt, so dass der Schieber in seine Ursprungsstellung zurück bewegt wird.If the slider is in the decoupled position, the stop surface of the housing and the stop of the slider can be formed by two mutually parallel surfaces. In contact, that is with a movement of the slider in the direction of the coupled position, then it comes to a surface contact, resulting in a comparatively inelastic shock result. This helps slide the slider on the housing. The stop of the slider can also be designed as an edge. It then comes in contact between the slide and the housing to a surface-edge contact, which has a relatively elastic shock result. This assists in rebounding the slider to the decoupled position when the predetermined speed and / or acceleration is exceeded. Thus, various embodiments of the slide are conceivable that have advantages in a particular specific application. The second stop of the slider cooperates with the second stop surface. If the slider hits the stop surface with the first stop at too high a speed, it will be deflected by the pulse from its direction of movement. As a result, the second stop comes into contact with the second stop face, so that the slide is moved back into its original position.
Das Einhalten der vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung bei einer bestimmungsgemäßen Bewegung des Schiebers wird durch eine konstante Ansteuerung des Antriebs unterstützt. Dies ist im Falle eines Elektromotors besonders einfach, da am Antrieb dann einfach eine konstante Spannung bzw. ein konstanter Strom anliegt. Dies ist durch entsprechende Elektroniken und/oder Steuerungen zu realisieren. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass der Schieber bei einer bestimmungsgemäßen Bewegung die vorbestimmte Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung überschreitet und ungewollt in die entkuppelte Stellung zurückprallt.The maintenance of the predetermined speed and / or acceleration in a proper movement of the slider is supported by a constant drive of the drive. This is particularly easy in the case of an electric motor, since the drive then simply a constant voltage or a constant current is applied. This can be realized by appropriate electronics and / or controls. This prevents the slider from exceeding the predetermined speed and / or acceleration during an intended movement and from unintentionally rebounding into the decoupled position.
Besonders vorteilhaft erweist es sich, wenn der Schieber im Wesentlichen axial zur Welle bewegbar ist. Dadurch kann dessen Funktion insbesondere bei Anordnung an der Welle von einer Rotationsbewegung der Welle entkuppelt werden, weil der Kupplungszustand nur durch eine Axialverschiebung des Schiebers erreicht werden kann. Bei der Konstruktion der
Mit der Erfindung ist dabei auch eine leichte Schrägstellung des Schiebers zur axialen Erstreckung der Welle umfasst. Dies ist darin begründet, dass gewisse Relativdrehungen des Schiebers beim Wechsel zwischen der entkuppelten in die gekuppelte Stellung erforderlich sind. Dies insbesondere dann, wenn der Schieber mit dem Anschlag über die Anschlagfläche des Gehäuses gleitet.With the invention, a slight inclination of the slider for the axial extent of the shaft is also included. This is due to the fact that certain relative rotations of the slider when changing between the decoupled are required in the coupled position. This especially if the slide slides with the stop on the stop surface of the housing.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist die Welle zwei gegeneinander verdrehbare Abschnitte auf, wobei ein erster Abschnitt drehfest mit der Schließnase verbunden ist und der Schieber an einem zweiten Abschnitt der Welle angeordnet ist. Die beiden Abschnitte der Welle sind vorzugsweise dem Grunde nach frei gegeneinander verdrehbar, solange kein gekuppelter Zustand vorliegt. Diese Ausgestaltung eignet sich insbesondere für Türschlösser, bei denen eine Betätigung des Schlosses von beiden Seiten der Tür vorgesehen ist, wobei eine permanente Betätigungsmöglichkeit unabhängig vom Vorliegen eines Berechtigungscodes von einer Seite, die beispielsweise eine Türinnenseite ist, vorgesehen ist. Die Schließnase kann mit dem ersten Abschnitt auch einstückig ausgebildet sein. Erst im gekuppelten Zustand kann durch Kuppeln des zweiten Abschnitts der Welle mit der Schließnase zugleich ein Kuppeln der beiden Wellenabschnitte miteinander erreicht werden. Darüber hinaus kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, dass der erste Abschnitt der Welle von der Schließnase derart entkuppelt ist, dass im gekuppelten Zustand der zweite Abschnitt der Welle lediglich die Schließnase kuppelt und die Schließnase zugleich von dem ersten Abschnitt der Welle entkuppelt. Unterschiedliche Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten sind je nach Funktionsbedarf realisierbar.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shaft has two mutually rotatable sections, wherein a first portion rotatably connected to the locking lug and the slider is disposed on a second portion of the shaft. The two sections of the shaft are preferably freely rotatable relative to each other as long as there is no coupled state. This embodiment is particularly suitable for door locks, in which an actuation of the lock is provided from both sides of the door, with a permanent actuation option is provided regardless of the presence of an authorization code from one side, which is, for example, a door inside. The locking lug may also be integrally formed with the first portion. Only in the coupled state can be achieved by coupling the second portion of the shaft with the locking nose at the same time a coupling of the two shaft sections with each other. In addition, however, it can also be provided that the first section of the shaft is decoupled from the closing nose in such a way that in the coupled state the second section of the shaft merely engages the closing nose and at the same time decouples the closing lug from the first section of the shaft. Different design options can be realized depending on the functional requirements.
Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Welle den Schließzylinder und die Schließnase durchgreift und an beiden Enden mit einer Handhabe versehen ist. Auf diese Weise kann erreicht werden, dass in beiden Betätigungsrichtungen der Tür das Vorliegen eines gültigen Berechtigungscodes erforderlich ist.In particular, it can be provided that the shaft passes through the lock cylinder and the locking nose and is provided at both ends with a handle. In this way it can be achieved that the presence of a valid authorization code is required in both actuating directions of the door.
Es kann somit erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass die Welle nur einen Abschnitt umfasst, nämlich den zum Zusammenwirken mit dem Schieber ausgebildeten Abschnitt. Der erfindungsgemäße Schließzylinder dient dann als Halbzylinder. Es kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Welle zwei Abschnitte umfasst, nämlich einen drehfest mit der Schließnase verbundenen Abschnitt und einen mit dem Schieber zusammenwirkenden Abschnitt. Dies ist insbesondere in solchen Anwendungsfällen vorteilhaft, in denen eine Tür von einer bestimmten Seite, nämlich derjenigen Seite, auf der der drehfest mit der Schließnase verbundene Abschnitt angeordnet ist, jederzeit zu betätigen ist.It can thus be provided according to the invention that the shaft comprises only one section, namely the section designed to cooperate with the slider. The lock cylinder according to the invention then serves as a half cylinder. However, it can also be provided that the shaft comprises two sections, namely a non-rotatably connected to the locking lug portion and a cooperating with the slider portion. This is particularly advantageous in those applications in which a door from any particular page, namely that side on which the non-rotatably connected to the locking nose portion is arranged to operate at any time.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Schieber über einen Kraftspeicher, insbesondere ein Federelement, mit dem Antrieb verbunden, wobei der Schieber in der gekuppelten Stellung in die Schließnase eingreift. Dies ermöglicht es, bei einer Kupplung, die vorzugsweise eine unmittelbare Kopplung zwischen der Welle und der Schließnase ermöglicht, die Anzahl erforderlicher Bauelemente zu reduzieren. Kosten wie Bauteilekosten, Montageaufwand und dergleichen können dadurch reduziert werden. Dadurch, dass anstelle einer aufwändigen Kupplungsbaugruppe wie beim Stand der Technik gemäß der Erfindung lediglich ein Schieber und ein Kraftspeicher vorgesehen sind, kann die Anzahl der zu montierenden Teile deutlich reduziert werden. Dies reduziert nicht nur Kosten, sondern es vereinfacht den Aufbau des Schließzylinders und erhöht darüber hinaus die Zuverlässigkeit des Schließzylinders beziehungsweise des Schlosses. Aufwändige Konstruktionen zur Kraftumlenkung, um die Kupplung mechanisch zu realisieren, können vermieden werden. So ist es bei der Erfindung lediglich erforderlich, den Schieber vorzusehen, der in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung der Schließnase eingreifen kann.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the slider is connected via an energy storage device, in particular a spring element, to the drive, wherein the slider engages in the coupled position in the closing lug. This makes it possible to reduce the number of required components in a coupling, which preferably allows a direct coupling between the shaft and the locking lug. Costs such as component costs, assembly costs and the like can be reduced. Characterized in that instead of a complex coupling assembly as in the prior art according to the invention, only a slider and a force accumulator are provided, the number of parts to be mounted can be significantly reduced. This not only reduces costs, but it simplifies the construction of the lock cylinder and also increases the reliability of the lock cylinder or the lock. Elaborate constructions for power diversion to mechanically realize the coupling can be avoided. So it is only necessary in the invention to provide the slide, which can engage in a corresponding recess of the locking lug.
Dabei erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, dass der Schieber unter Vermittlung des Kraftspeichers angetrieben werden kann. Hierdurch ist es möglich, die durch den Antrieb für einen Kupplungsvorgang beziehungsweise für einen Entkupplungsvorgang bereitgestellte Energie zwischenzuspeichern, bis der Kupplungsvorgang beziehungsweise der Entkupplungsvorgang tatsächlich ausgeführt werden kann. Insbesondere wenn für den Kupplungsvorgang beziehungsweise den Entkupplungsvorgang eine relative Vorzugsstellung zwischen der Schließnase und der Welle in Verdrehrichtung erforderlich ist, kann die Energie für die Betätigung der Kupplung im Kraftspeicher bis zur Erreichung dieser Vorzugsstellung gespeichert werden. Die Vorzugsstellung kann durch eine oder mehrere relative Verdrehstellungen gebildet sein. Der Antrieb braucht deshalb nicht bis zur Ausführung des tatsächlichen Vorgangs des Kuppeln beziehungsweise des Entkuppeln aktiviert zu bleiben. Diese Art des Antriebs ermöglicht somit einen sehr geringen Energieverbrauch. Besonders vorteilhaft erweist sich die Erfindung bei elektronischen Schlössern, die durch eine Batterie mit elektrischer Energie versorgt werden. Der erfindungsgemäße Schließzylinder ermöglicht eine lange Betriebsdauer des elektronischen Schlosses ohne Batteriewechsel. Weiterhin erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, dass nur wenige Bauelemente zum Kuppeln beziehungsweise Entkuppeln betätigt werden müssen. Eine weitere Reduktion des Energieverbrauchs kann erreicht werden. Durch die geringe Anzahl der Bauelemente erhöht sich zugleich auch die Zuverlässigkeit des Schließzylinders. Der Kraftspeicher kann durch ein Federelement, beispielsweise eine Schraubenfeder gebildet sein.It proves to be advantageous that the slide can be driven by the mediation of the energy storage. This makes it possible to temporarily store the energy provided by the drive for a coupling process or for a decoupling operation, until the coupling process or the decoupling process can actually be carried out. Especially if for the Clutch operation or the decoupling a relative preferential position between the locking lug and the shaft in the direction of rotation is required, the energy for the operation of the clutch in the energy storage can be stored until the achievement of this preferred position. The preferred position may be formed by one or more relative rotational positions. The drive therefore does not need to remain activated until the actual operation of coupling or uncoupling is carried out. This type of drive thus allows a very low energy consumption. Particularly advantageous, the invention proves in electronic locks, which are powered by a battery with electrical energy. The lock cylinder according to the invention allows a long service life of the electronic lock without battery change. Furthermore, it proves to be advantageous that only a few components for coupling or decoupling must be operated. A further reduction in energy consumption can be achieved. Due to the small number of components at the same time increases the reliability of the lock cylinder. The energy accumulator can be formed by a spring element, for example a helical spring.
Der Schieber kann durch den Kraftspeicher mit einer Kraft beaufschlagt werden, so dass er im Falle des Erreichens einer vorgebbaren Verdrehstellung der Welle gegenüber der Schließnase in diese automatisch eingreifen kann, um den gekuppelten Zustand herzustellen. Hierdurch wird eine Funktion eines Einrastens realisiert. Vorzugsweise ist das Einrasten nur in einer oder mehreren ausgewählten relativen Verdrehstellungen beziehungsweise Verdrehpositionen der Welle gegenüber der Schließnase möglich. Dies erlaubt es, dass ein Kupplungszustand dann sehr schnell automatisch eingenommen werden kann, wenn der Schieber beziehungsweise die Welle und die Schließnase in einer verrastbaren Verdrehstellung gegenüber einander angeordnet sind. Einer erneuten Betätigung des Antriebs bedarf es nicht, weil die zum Herstellen des Kupplungszustands beziehungsweise des Entkupplungszustands erforderliche Energie durch den Kraftspeicher bereitgestellt werden kann. Dieser hat die Energie zuvor vom Antrieb erhalten und gespeichert.The slide can be acted upon by the force storage with a force so that it can automatically engage in the case of reaching a predetermined rotational position of the shaft relative to the locking lug in this to produce the coupled state. As a result, a function of a latching is realized. Preferably, the engagement is possible only in one or more selected relative rotational positions or rotational positions of the shaft relative to the locking lug. This allows a coupling state can then be taken up very quickly automatically when the slider or the shaft and the locking lug are arranged in a lockable rotational position relative to each other. A renewed actuation of the drive is not required, because the energy required for producing the coupling state or the uncoupling state can be provided by the energy store. This has previously received and stored the energy from the drive.
Um ein derartiges Einrasten bei einem Antrieb mittels eines Elektromotors in Form einer rotierenden elektrischen Maschine erreichen zu können, ist vorgesehen, dass der Schieber über ein Federelement mit dem Antrieb verbunden ist. Das Federelement kann beispielsweise eine Blattfeder, eine Spiralfeder, eine Tellerfeder oder dergleichen sein. Diese spannt den Schieber in dem Fall vor, dass der Berechtigungscode verifiziert worden ist und ein gekuppelter Zustand hergestellt werden soll. Der Antrieb wird entsprechend betätigt, wobei der Schieber aufgrund der relativen Verdrehstellung der Welle gegenüber der Schließnase noch nicht die kuppelnde Stellung einnehmen kann. Erst durch beispielsweise manuelles Verdrehen der Welle gegenüber der Schließnase schnappt der Schieber bei Erreichen der vorgegebenen Verdrehstellung in die kuppelnde Stellung automatisch ein, sobald die entsprechende relative Verdrehstellung der Welle gegenüber der Schließnase zum Einnehmen des kuppelnden Zustands erreicht ist. Die hierfür erforderliche Energie wird in dem Federelement als Kraftspeicher zwischengespeichert.In order to achieve such locking in a drive by means of an electric motor in the form of a rotating electric machine, it is provided that the slide is connected via a spring element to the drive. The spring element may for example be a leaf spring, a coil spring, a plate spring or the like. This biases the slider in the event that the authorization code has been verified and a coupled condition is to be established. The drive is actuated accordingly, wherein the slide due to the relative rotational position of the shaft relative to the locking nose can not yet take the coupling position. Only by, for example, manual rotation of the shaft relative to the locking lug of the slide snaps when reaching the predetermined rotational position in the coupling position automatically, as soon as the corresponding relative rotational position of the shaft relative to the locking lug for taking the coupling state is reached. The energy required for this purpose is temporarily stored in the spring element as energy storage.
Als Antrieb kann beispielsweise ein elektrischer Antrieb vorgesehen sein, so dass ein elektronisches Schloss realisiert werden kann. Natürlich kann auch ein pneumatischer, hydraulischer oder mechanischer Antrieb, insbesondere eine manuelle Betätigung als Antrieb vorgesehen sein.As an example, an electric drive can be provided so that an electronic lock can be realized. Of course, a pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical drive, in particular a manual operation can be provided as a drive.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die Anschlagfläche und/oder der Anschlag unter einem Winkel von 45° relativ zur Längsachse des Gehäuses verlaufend ausgerichtet. Der Winkel von 45° hat sich bei Versuchen der Anmelderin als besonders geeignet erwiesen. Hierdurch wird einerseits ein sicheres Gleiten des Anschlags auf der Anschlagfläche innerhalb der vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeiten und/oder Beschleunigungen gewährleistet, und andererseits ein Zurückprallen des Schiebers bei Übertreten dieser Geschwindigkeiten und/oder Beschleunigungen. Jedoch sind auch andere Winkel möglich, insbesondere größere Winkel als 45°. Dem Grunde nach kann der Winkel fast senkrecht gewählt werden, solange die verwendeten Materialien von Gehäuse und Schieber noch eine solche Gleitreibung zulassen, dass der Schieber im bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb sicher von der entkuppelten Stellung in die gekuppelte Stellung überführbar ist. Wesentlich kleinere Winkel als 45° sollten nicht gewählt werden, da der Schieber im Falle einer Manipulation nicht mehr bestimmungsgemäß in die nicht gekuppelte Stellung zurückprallt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the stop surface and / or the stop are aligned at an angle of 45 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing. The angle of 45 ° has proved to be particularly suitable in experiments by the applicant. As a result, on the one hand ensures a safe sliding of the stop on the stop surface within the predetermined speeds and / or accelerations, and on the other hand, a rebound of the slide at these speeds and / or accelerations. However, other angles are possible, especially larger angles than 45 °. Basically, the angle can be chosen to be almost vertical, as long as the materials used by the housing and slide still allow such a sliding friction that the slide can be safely transferred from the uncoupled position to the coupled position in normal operation. Much smaller angles than 45 ° should not be chosen because the slider in the event of a manipulation no longer rebounds in the uncoupled position as intended.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Anschlagfläche im Gehäuse diametral gegenüberliegend eine zweite Anschlagfläche angeordnet, die mit einem zweiten Anschlag des Schiebers zusammenwirkt. Die zweite Anschlagfläche kann parallel oder im Wesentlichen parallel zur ersten Anschlagfläche ausgebildet sein. Mit der zweiten Anschlagfläche wird erreicht, dass der Schieber bei einer versuchten Manipulation zunächst mit seinem Anschlag gegen die erste Anschlagfläche des Gehäuses stößt und zurückprallt, und anschließend quasi unmittelbar gegen die zweite Anschlagfläche stößt und in Richtung der entkuppelten Stellung zurückprallt. In vorteilhafter Weise wird die Sicherheit des erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinders weiter erhöht. Bei einer versuchten Manipulation durch einen Kraftimpuls, insbesondere Prellschlag, prallt der Schieber über die Anschlagflächen des Gehäuses immer in die entkuppelte Stellung zurück. Dabei kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Schieber in seiner entkuppelten Stellung mit dem zweiten Anschlag zumindest teilweise an der zweiten Anschlagfläche anliegt. Dadurch besteht eine größtmögliche Nähe zwischen Schieber und Gehäuse in der entkuppelten Stellung. Erfolgt dann ein Manipulationsversuch, ist der Bewegungsweg des Schiebers in Richtung der zweiten Anschlagfläche so gering wie möglich. Dadurch wird die Sicherheit des gesamten Schließzylinders weiter erhöht.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the stop surface in the housing diametrically opposite a second stop surface is arranged, which cooperates with a second stop of the slider. The second stop surface may be formed parallel or substantially parallel to the first stop surface. With the second stop surface is achieved that the slide in an attempted manipulation first abuts with its stop against the first stop surface of the housing and rebounds, and then almost immediately abuts against the second stop surface and rebounds in the direction of the decoupled position. Advantageously, the security of the lock cylinder according to the invention is further increased. In an attempted manipulation by a force pulse, in particular bounce, the slide rebounds over the stop surfaces of the housing always in the uncoupled position. It can also be provided that the slide rests in its uncoupled position with the second stop at least partially against the second stop surface. This ensures the greatest possible closeness between the slide and the housing in the decoupled position. If a manipulation attempt is then made, the movement path of the slider in the direction of the second stop surface is as small as possible. This further increases the safety of the entire lock cylinder.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Schieber mit einer Bohrung und/oder einem Gewicht zur Einstellung seines Schwerpunktes ausgebildet. Dadurch ist es möglich, den Schwerpunkt des Schiebers individuell festzulegen. Die dynamischen Eigenschaften des Schiebers lassen sich somit äußerst präzise anpassen. Auch nachträgliche Anpassungen durch weitere Bohrungen oder Hinzufügen von Gewichten sind noch möglich. Es ist auch denkbar, nur eine Art von Schiebern zu produzieren, und die Schieber dann für jeweils verschiedene Ausführungen von Schließzylindern individuell zu konfigurieren. Dies reduziert die Anzahl der vorzuhaltenden Bauelemente, und führt zu geringeren Lagerkosten.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the slider is formed with a bore and / or a weight for adjusting its center of gravity. This makes it possible to set the center of gravity of the slide individually. The dynamic properties of the slider can thus be adjusted extremely precisely. Subsequent adjustments through further drilling or adding weights are still possible. It is also conceivable to produce only one type of sliders, and then to individually configure the sliders for different types of lock cylinders. This reduces the number of components to be kept, and leads to lower storage costs.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist der Schieber einen Schwerpunkt auf, der im der Verbindung des Schiebers mit dem Antrieb abgewandten Ende des Schiebers angeordnet ist. Mit diesem Ende ist dasjenige Ende des Schiebers gemeint, welches in der entkuppelten Stellung zwischen den beiden Anschlagflächen des Gehäuses liegt. Wenn der Schwerpunkt in diesem Bereich liegt, drängt der Schieber unter Schwerkrafteinfluss immer in die entkuppelte Stellung zurück. Dadurch wird die Sicherheit des Schließzylinders weiter erhöht und Manipulationen werden noch weiter verhindert.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the slide on a focus, which is arranged in the connection of the slide with the drive end remote from the slide. By this end is meant that end of the slide which lies in the decoupled position between the two stop surfaces of the housing. When the center of gravity is within this range, the slider will always return to the uncoupled position under the influence of gravity. As a result, the security of the lock cylinder is further increased and manipulation is further prevented.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Schwerpunkt oberhalb des Anschlags des Schiebers angeordnet. Dies wiederum hat den Vorteil, dass ein bestimmungsgemäßes Überführen des Schiebers von der entkuppelten Stellung in die gekuppelte Stellung unterstützt wird. Dadurch ist es möglich, einen Schließzylinder gleichzeitig mit hervorragenden Eigenschaften beim bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch und auch sehr hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen genügend auszubilden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the center of gravity is arranged above the stop of the slider. This in turn has the advantage that a proper transfer of the slider is supported by the uncoupled position in the coupled position. This makes it possible to have a lock cylinder provide sufficient training at the same time with excellent properties in the intended use and also very high safety requirements.
Mit der Erfindung wird ferner ein Schloss, insbesondere ein Einsteckschloss für eine Tür, mit einem Schließzylinder der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, wobei die Welle endseitig eine Handhabe, vorzugsweise einen Drehknauf oder eine Klinke trägt. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Welle nicht nur an einem Ende, sondern an beiden Enden eine Handhabe trägt. Dies ermöglicht es, eine Vielzahl von Schlosskonstruktionen für die unterschiedlichsten Funktionsanforderungen an Türen zu realisieren. Das Schloss mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder lässt sich nicht nur einfach und kostengünstig herstellen, sondern es zeichnet sich auch durch eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit während des bestimmungsgemäßen Betriebs aus. Dies wird unter anderem dadurch erreicht, dass die Anzahl der beweglichen Teile reduziert ist. Außerdem wird die Sicherheit mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schloss massiv erhöht.With the invention, a lock, in particular a mortise lock for a door, with a lock cylinder of the invention is also proposed, wherein the shaft end carries a handle, preferably a knob or a pawl. In particular, it can be provided that the shaft carries not only at one end, but at both ends a handle. This makes it possible to realize a variety of lock designs for a wide variety of functional requirements on doors. The lock with the lock cylinder according to the invention can be not only simple and inexpensive to produce, but it is also characterized by a high reliability during normal operation. This is achieved, inter alia, that the number of moving parts is reduced. In addition, the security is increased massively with the lock according to the invention.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung. Dabei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder im Längsschnitt als Halbzylinder mit einteiliger Welle, wobei sich der Schieber in der entkuppelten Stellung befindet,
- Fig. 2
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder im Längsschnitt mit zweiteiliger Welle, wobei sich der Schieber in der gekuppelten Stellung befindet,
- Fig. 3
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder im Längsschnitt mit zweiteiliger Welle, wobei sich der Schieber in der entkuppelten Stellung befindet,
- Fig. 4
- erfindungsgemäßer Schließzylinder als Drahtmodell mit zweiteiliger Welle, wobei sich der Schieber in der gekuppelten Stellung befindet, und
- Fig. 5
- erfindungsgemäßer Schließzylinder im Längsschnitt mit zweiteiliger Welle, wobei sich der Schieber in der gekuppelten Stellung befindet.
- Fig. 1
- a locking cylinder according to the invention in longitudinal section as a half cylinder with one-piece shaft, wherein the slider is in the uncoupled position,
- Fig. 2
- a lock cylinder according to the invention in longitudinal section with two-part shaft, wherein the slider is in the coupled position,
- Fig. 3
- a locking cylinder according to the invention in longitudinal section with a two-part shaft, wherein the slider is in the decoupled position,
- Fig. 4
- Lock cylinder according to the invention as a wire model with two-part shaft, wherein the slider is in the coupled position, and
- Fig. 5
- Lock cylinder according to the invention in longitudinal section with a two-part shaft, wherein the slide is in the coupled position.
Die Welle 4 weist einen Antrieb 7 auf. Der Antrieb 7 ist vorliegend als Elektromotor ausgebildet. Der Antrieb 7 treibt über eine Schnecke eine Zahnstange an. Die Zahnstange nimmt ein Federelement 14 auf. Das Federelement 14 ist mit einem ersten Ende von der Zahnstange aufgenommen und ist mit einem zweiten Ende von einem Schieber 9 aufgenommen. Mittels des Federelements 14 sind Kräfte von der Zahnstange, und damit dem Antrieb 7, auf den Schieber 9 übertragbar. Somit ist eine Rotationsbewegung des Antriebs 7 in eine Translationsbewegung des Schiebers 9 transformierbar.The
Der Schieber 9 ist zum Zusammenwirken mit der Schließnase 6 ausgebildet. Schieber 9 und Schließnase 6 bilden eine Kupplung 8. Die Kupplung 8 ist zwischen einer entkuppelten und einer gekuppelten Stellung schaltbar. Die Schließnase 6 weist hierzu eine Ausnehmung auf, in die der Schieber 9 hinein gleiten kann. Dies ist die gekuppelte Stellung, in welcher ein Formschluss zwischen der Welle 4 und der Schließnase 6 ausgebildet ist. Diese wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Antrieb 7 das Federelement 14 in eine solche Position bewegt, in der der Schieber 9 unter Federbelastung in die gekuppelte Stellung drängt. Sobald die Ausnehmung der Schließnase 6 und der Schieber 9 in Drehrichtung der Schließnase 6 in eine zueinander korrespondierende Stellung gebracht werden, beispielsweise durch Drehen der Welle 4, rastet der Schieber 9 in die Ausnehmung der Schließnase 6 ein. Der beschriebene Formschluss ist dann erreicht.The
Der Schieber 9 weist einen Anschlag 10 auf, der zum Zusammenwirken mit einer Anschlagfläche 11 des Gehäuses 2 ausgebildet ist. Bei einem bestimmungsgemäßen Schalten zwischen der entkuppelten und der gekuppelten Stellung mittels des Antriebs 7 gleitet der Schieber 9 mit einer vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung mit dem Anschlag 10 über die Anschlagfläche 11 in Richtung der gekuppelten Stellung. Im Falle einer versuchten Manipulation des Schließzylinders 1, beispielsweise durch einen sogenannten Prellschlag, auf eine auf dem Abschnitt 13 aufgesetzte Handhabe überschreitet die Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung des Schiebers 9 die vorbestimmte Geschwindigkeit und/oder Beschleunigung. Der Anschlag 10 gleitet dann nicht mehr auf der Anschlagfläche 11, sondern prallt mittels eines teilelastischen Stoßes in Richtung der entkuppelten Stellung. Unterstützt wird dies durch einen zweiten Anschlag 16 des Schiebers 9. Dieser ist dem anderen Anschlag 10 diametral gegenüberliegend angeordnet. Der zweite Anschlag 16 ist zum Zusammenwirken mit einer zweiten Anschlagfläche 15 des Gehäuses 2 ausgebildet. Bei einem auf den Schließzylinder 1 einwirkenden Prellschlag prallt der Schieber 9 also zunächst mit seinem ersten Anschlag 10 von der Anschlagfläche 11 ab, und prallt durch einen anschließenden Kontakt des zweiten Anschlags 16 mit der zweiten Anschlagfläche 15 in Richtung der entkuppelten Stellung zurück. Dadurch kann ausgeschlossen werden, dass der Schieber 9 durch eine Gewalteinwirkung in die gekuppelte Stellung der Kupplung 8 überführt wird. Vielmehr ist es so, dass der beschriebene Zurückpralleffekt umso mehr zum Tragen kommt, je stärker auf den Schließzylinder 1 eingeschlagen wird.The
Der Schieber 9 weist eine Bohrung 17 auf. Durch die Bohrung 17 wird die Massenverteilung des Schiebers 9 beeinflusst. Dadurch kann der Schwerpunkt 18 des Schiebers 9 verändert werden. Ebenso ist denkbar, dass der Schieber 9 mit Gewichten beaufschlagt wird, beispielsweise durch Verkleben oder Schrauben, so dass der Schwerpunkt 18 entsprechend der neuen Gewichtsverteilung angepasst ist. Im vorliegenden Beispiel befindet sich der Schwerpunkt 18 im Bereich eines Endes 19 des Schiebers 9. Das Ende 19 ist dasjenige Ende des Schiebers 9, welches sich in der entkuppelten Stellung zwischen erster Anschlagfläche 11 und zweiter Anschlagfläche 15 befindet.The
Im Gegensatz zu der Darstellung in der
In der gekuppelten Stellung der Kupplung 8 ist der Schieber 9 in Wirkverbindung mit der Schließnase 6. Es besteht eine drehfeste Verbindung des zweiten Abschnitts 13 der Welle 4 mit der Schließnase 6. Die Schließnase 6 befindet sich in einer zur axialen Erstreckung der Welle 4 parallelen Ausrichtung. Der Schieber 9 ist von der in der
Die
- 11
- Schließzylinderlock cylinder
- 22
- Gehäusecasing
- 33
- Längsbohrunglongitudinal bore
- 44
- Wellewave
- 55
- Drehachseaxis of rotation
- 66
- SchließnaseCam
- 77
- Antriebdrive
- 88th
- Kupplungclutch
- 99
- Schieberpusher
- 1010
- Anschlagattack
- 1111
- Anschlagflächestop surface
- 1212
- Abschnittsection
- 1313
- Abschnittsection
- 1414
- Federelementspring element
- 1515
- Anschlagflächestop surface
- 1616
- Anschlagattack
- 1717
- Bohrungdrilling
- 1818
- Schwerpunktmain emphasis
- 1919
- EndeThe End
Claims (11)
- Locking cylinder (1) for a lock, particularly a mortise lock for a door, comprising a housing (2) and a shaft (4) supported for rotation in a longitudinal bore (3) of the housing (2), a locking tab (6) rotatable relative to the housing (2) about a rotation axis (5) defined by the shaft (4), and a coupling device (8) which is actuable by a drive (7) and by means of which a rotationally fixed coupling between the shaft (4) and the locking tab (6) can be established as a function of the verification of an authorization code, the coupling device (8) comprising a slide (9) movable by the drive (7) in the axial direction of the shaft (4) from an uncoupled to a coupled position of the coupling device (8), wherein the slide (9) engages the locking tab (6) directly or indirectly in a coupling manner in the coupled position of the coupling device (8), characterized in that the slide (9) has a stopper (10) that cooperates with a stop surface (11) fixed with respect to a movement of the slide in such a manner that the slide (9) can move relative to the housing (2) from the uncoupled to the coupled position up to a predetermined velocity and/or acceleration and is blocked in its movement towards the coupled position when the predetermined velocity and/or acceleration are exceeded.
- Locking cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop surface (11) is arranged in the housing (2).
- Closing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide (9) is substantially axially movable to the shaft (4).
- Closing cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that the shaft (4) has two sections (12, 13) that can be rotated relative to each other, wherein a first section (12) is non-rotatably connected to the locking tab (6) and wherein the slide (9) is arranged on a second section (13) of the shaft (4).
- Closing cylinder according to one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the slide (9) is connected to the drive (7) via an energy accumulator, in particular a spring element (14), wherein in the coupled state, the slide (9) engages in the locking tab (6).
- Closing cylinder according to one of the claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the stop surface (11) and the stopper (10) are oriented to extend at an angle of 45° relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing (2).
- Closing cylinder according to one of the claims 2 to 6, characterized in that a second stop surface (15) is arranged diametrically opposite the stop surface (11) in the housing (2), which second stop surface cooperates with the slide (9).
- Closing cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that the slide (9) in its uncoupled position contacts the second stop surface (15) with the second stop (16) at least partially.
- Closing cylinder according to one of the claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the slide (9) is formed with a bore (17) and/or a weight for adjusting its center of gravity (18).
- Closing cylinder according to one of the claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the slide (9) has a center of gravity (18) arranged in the end (19) of the slide (9) turned away from the connection of the slide (9) to the drive (7).
- Closing cylinder according to one of the claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the center of gravity (18) is arranged above the stop (10) of the slide (24).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011015668 | 2011-03-31 | ||
DE102011102140A DE102011102140B4 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-05-20 | Lock cylinder for a lock |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2505749A2 EP2505749A2 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2505749A3 EP2505749A3 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
EP2505749B1 true EP2505749B1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
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EP12161966.2A Active EP2505749B1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-29 | Locking cylinder for a lock |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2505749B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011102140B4 (en) |
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DE102020124367A1 (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-24 | Assa Abloy Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh | Lock and key system |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1258149B (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1996-02-20 | Italiana Serrature Affini | ELECTRICALLY ENABLED LOCK |
US6318137B1 (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2001-11-20 | David Chaum | Electronic lock that can learn to recognize any ordinary key |
DE19940247A1 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2001-03-08 | Winkhaus Fa August | Locking device |
DE10225490B4 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2007-05-24 | Burg-Wächter Kg | lock |
FI112691B (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2003-12-31 | Abloy Oy | Device for an electromechanical cylinder lock |
FR2849083B1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-02-25 | Vachette Sa | SECURE LOCK WITH MECHANICAL AND ELECTRIC UNLOCKING |
US8375753B2 (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2013-02-19 | Knock N'lock Ltd. | Solenoid-operated electromechanical lock |
US8047031B2 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2011-11-01 | Utc Fire & Security Americas Corporation, Inc. | Lock portion with piezo-electric actuator and anti-tamper circuit |
DE202008013172U1 (en) | 2008-10-06 | 2010-02-25 | Burg-Wächter Kg | Lock, in particular mortise lock for a door |
-
2011
- 2011-05-20 DE DE102011102140A patent/DE102011102140B4/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-03-29 EP EP12161966.2A patent/EP2505749B1/en active Active
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EP2505749A3 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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