EP1608830B1 - Magneto-mechanical locking device - Google Patents

Magneto-mechanical locking device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1608830B1
EP1608830B1 EP04721833A EP04721833A EP1608830B1 EP 1608830 B1 EP1608830 B1 EP 1608830B1 EP 04721833 A EP04721833 A EP 04721833A EP 04721833 A EP04721833 A EP 04721833A EP 1608830 B1 EP1608830 B1 EP 1608830B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
locking
permanent magnet
accordance
locking device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04721833A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1608830A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Peter Drumm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Drumm GmbH
Original Assignee
Drumm GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Drumm GmbH filed Critical Drumm GmbH
Publication of EP1608830A1 publication Critical patent/EP1608830A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1608830B1 publication Critical patent/EP1608830B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C19/00—Other devices specially designed for securing wings, e.g. with suction cups
    • E05C19/16—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction
    • E05C19/163—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction a movable bolt being held in the striker by a permanent magnet
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B63/00—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics
    • E05B63/18—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics with arrangements independent of the locking mechanism for retaining the bolt or latch in the retracted position
    • E05B63/20—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics with arrangements independent of the locking mechanism for retaining the bolt or latch in the retracted position released automatically when the wing is closed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C19/00—Other devices specially designed for securing wings, e.g. with suction cups
    • E05C19/16—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction
    • E05C19/166—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction electromagnetic
    • E05C19/168—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction electromagnetic a movable bolt being electromagnetically held in the striker by electromagnetic attraction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C9/00—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing
    • E05C9/08—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with a rotary bar for actuating the fastening means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10S292/60—Adjustment provisions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/11—Magnetic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7057—Permanent magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magneto-mechanical locking device for closing a door or a window.
  • Doors and windows of buildings, vehicles, furniture and safes, etc. are closed in a known manner by mechanically operated locks, for example by cylinder locks, crossbar locks and the like.
  • the document JP 05 340149 A discloses a magneto-mechanical locking device for closing a relative to a stationary frame movable door, comprising a frame arranged on the closing arrangement with a permanent magnet formed as a closing element and a housing receivable on the door with a rotatable permanent magnet, which in the assembled state from a first release position, in the substantially no magnetic force is exerted on the closing element is rotatable in a second locking position, in which the closing element is attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet to lock the door.
  • the magneto-mechanical locking device for closing a movable relative to a fixed frame door, such as a car door, a building door, a safe door or even a window, a mounted in the mounted state on the frame closing element of magnetizable material, such as magnetizable steel or iron that interacts with a permanent magnet attached to the door.
  • the permanent magnet is in this case rotatably received on the door or on the window, and can be preferably mechanically by hand from a first release position in which substantially no magnetic force acting on the closure member, rotate in a second locking position in which the closing element on stationary Frame is attracted by the force exerted by the permanent magnet magnetic forces and locks the door or the window in its closed position.
  • further permanent magnets are arranged in the mounted state on the door frame on the side of the closing element facing away from the door, which generate a magnetic force reduced on the door compared to the permanent magnet.
  • the size and the magnetic field of the other permanent magnets are chosen here in such a way that the closing element is attracted in the locking position by the permanent magnet of the door, and locks the door, in the release position, however, is pushed away by the other permanent magnets of the door and the Locking the door releases.
  • Another advantage of the device according to the invention is that it operates almost wear-free and has only a very small number of moving parts compared to mechanical locking devices. This can save considerable costs, in particular in the production of the magneto-mechanical locking device according to the invention, since the tolerances of the individual parts, in contrast to mechanical locking devices with a comparable
  • projections are formed on the closing element, which engage in the locking position in associated receptacles of the door, and thereby generate an activated by the magnetic forces positive connection.
  • the projections are preferably formed by pins or lugs which engage in corresponding bores or grooves on the door, which preferably extend over the entire length of the closing element.
  • the closing element is preferably formed by a relative to the stationary frame of the door or the window movable strike plate, which receives in the second locking position a door or window locking positive connection with the permanent magnet, or with the associated part of the door.
  • the closing element may be formed by a locking pin which is received linearly movable in a guide bore formed in the frame. This results in a mechanically particularly simple and cost-effective embodiment of the locking device according to the invention.
  • the closing element in addition to the other permanent magnets resilient means, such as a spiral tension spring, the closing element in the same manner in the release position in which the magnetic field in the region of the closing element is not or almost absent from the door push away and thereby cancel the locking effect. In the locking position, the closing element is then attracted by the significantly higher magnetic forces of the permanent magnet against the action of the resilient means towards the door until it rests against the door edge or the magnet.
  • resilient means such as a spiral tension spring
  • the permanent magnet is formed by a cylindrical or rod-shaped magnet, preferably in the transverse direction, i. is polarized in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the magnet, and which is accommodated in a circumferentially substantially closed housing made of magnetizable material, for example of iron.
  • the bore formed in the housing for this purpose has a slightly larger diameter than the magnet, and preferably serves at the same time to support the magnet.
  • the magnet can be formed of a known permanent magnetic material, for example of ferrite, or in a particularly high-quality embodiment of cobalt amarium or other rare earth material, which generates a very high magnetic force.
  • the closing element engages directly into a recess formed in the housing of the permanent magnet, to obtain a protected against manipulation from the outside form-fitting connection for locking the door.
  • the attachment of the magnet can also be carried out advantageously from the inside of the door with the aid of bolts, which are passed through formed in the housing of the magnet longitudinal bores and can be screwed in a known manner into corresponding threaded holes of a door fitting, the is arranged on the outside of the door to protect the locking mechanism.
  • the orientation of the permanent magnet in the housing is preferably such that the longitudinal axis of the permanent magnet extends substantially perpendicular to the door plane.
  • the permanent magnet extends through the door leaf in the same way as a conventional lock cylinder in the area in which the door lock is usually arranged.
  • the permanent magnet in this case preferably has a length which is slightly smaller than the thickness of the door leaf, but it may also be provided to choose the length of the magnet slightly larger, and the housing of the magnet especially to the inside of the door to pull out of the door leaf to obtain an increased magnetic force with which the closing element is tightened to lock the door.
  • the permanent magnet is preferably reciprocated by a mechanically rotatable actuating element on the outside of the door between the release position and the locking position, wherein the actuating element may be provided in the simplest embodiment of the invention with a knob, preferably by a on the outside of the Door-mounted protective fitting is obscured.
  • the drive of the magnets used in the manner described above in the door with the help of a protective fitting such as a visor fitting or a core protective rosette, as made by the applicant, and for example in the German utility model DE 9317012 U1 is described.
  • the permanent magnet is coupled for example via a known polygonal shaft, such as square shaft, with the outer rotatable part of the protective fitting, the center of rotation is arranged on the extension of the central center axis of the permanent magnet.
  • the invention in this way with the aid of a preferably circular rotatable protective fitting - hereinafter also referred to as rosette - actuated magneto-mechanical locking device provides in a very simple structure excellent protection against breakage of the door, and is also characterized by a very long life because the closing mechanism as such is subject to almost no wear.
  • the displaceable part of the protective fitting may be provided, for example, on its inside with a linear toothing in the manner of a toothed rack, which is engaged with a pinion, which is received on a shaft which may be secured in the region of the center of rotation of the permanent magnet.
  • the protective fitting is moved back to the starting position and the key removed from the protective fitting, wherein the interaction of pinion and rack and the movement of the sliding part of the protective fitting, a rotation of the magnet by about 90 ° back into the Locking position takes place, in which the striking plate is attracted by the permanent magnet caused by the magnetic field with a very high force in the direction of the magnet, and there snaps into the corresponding projections to lock the door.
  • electromechanical coupling which is coupled in a known manner with an electronic unit, which can be activated for example by means of a coded microchip to supply the electromechanically closable coupling with an electrical voltage so that it engages to open the door.
  • electromechanical coupling is for example from the DE 198 29 958 A1 known.
  • the combination of the magneto-mechanical locking device according to the invention and the electromechanical coupling arranged between the actuating element on the outside of the door and the permanent magnet affords the advantage that the large number of coding options and the high security against manipulation of a purely electronic locking device combine with the advantages of the previously described magneto-mechanical locking device. combined mechanical closing device.
  • it is of particular advantage that the forces for rotating the magnet are very small even in the case of doors with a larger number of closing devices according to the invention in comparison to known mechanical locks due to the lack of frictional forces.
  • both the dimensions of the electromechanical coupling, as the power consumption can be kept relatively small.
  • the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped or cylindrically shaped permanent magnet is aligned substantially parallel to the vertical, and extends substantially parallel and in the vicinity of the door edge.
  • the rod-shaped permanent magnet can be inserted into a corresponding pocket or recess, which is arranged on the front side of the door in the region of the vertically extending door edge.
  • the rod-shaped permanent magnets have a relatively small diameter of, for example, 2 to 5 cm and a comparatively long length of up to 20 cm or more, and are in advantageously twisted over a gear, which is coupled to the rotatable actuator, and which may be, for example, a bevel gear or other bevel gear.
  • the above-described embodiment of the invention has the advantage that both the two vertical door edges, as well as arranged on the top of the door horizontally extending upper door edge can be used to lock the door when a plurality of magnets via corresponding angular gear coupled along the edges of the Door are arranged and the associated areas of the door frame are provided with corresponding strike plates, which are attracted to the twisting of the permanent magnet from the release position in the locked position to the door to lock them to form a positive connection.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets are rotatably coupled to each other via corresponding shafts, the coupling can be done for example in the corner regions of the door edge via correspondingly configured bevel gear or other bevel gear.
  • the locking device can be modular in the manner of a modular system, wherein any number of rod-shaped permanent magnets are connected by corresponding shafts, for example by nesting torsionally rigid with each other to a door, a window and the like with a desired Equip number of magnets.
  • the door or the window can be provided in a very simple manner with a self-locking mechanism by which the permanent magnet is automatically rotated in its housing when closing the door from the release position to the locking position.
  • the self-locking mechanism in this case preferably comprises a on the permanent magnet or on a non-rotatably coupled to the permanent magnet shaft via a corresponding pinion attacking rack, which is preferably received in a linear guide in the door, and the Magenten upon displacement of the rack towards the closing element in the locking position is rotated, so that the magnetic forces are automatically activated after closing the door and tighten the closing element to lock the door.
  • the drive of the rack is preferably via a third permanent magnet, which is connected for example to the door frame end of the rack, and the door is closed by a magnetisable material, such as sheet iron, existing part of the door frame or even by the closing element itself from the Door is moved out toward the closing element and thereby moves the rack, which in turn rotates the permanent magnet in the locking position.
  • a third permanent magnet which is connected for example to the door frame end of the rack, and the door is closed by a magnetisable material, such as sheet iron, existing part of the door frame or even by the closing element itself from the Door is moved out toward the closing element and thereby moves the rack, which in turn rotates the permanent magnet in the locking position.
  • the housing of the permanent magnet or generally the permanent magnet may be surrounded by an electrical coil, in which the coil turns are arranged in such a way that the permanent magnet in dependence on the direction of an electrical current flowing through the coil between the locking position and the Turn release position back and forth.
  • the coil windings are wound for this purpose in the manner around the housing of the permanent magnet, that the coil longitudinal axis is preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod also in this case, if possible rod-shaped permanent magnet.
  • other embodiments of the current-carrying coil are conceivable.
  • a displaceable crossbar is received on the door in a known manner, which interacts with the permanent magnet, for example via a further magnet, in such a way that the crossbar as a result of the magnetic force effect during rotation of the permanent magnet from the release position is also moved into the locking position in its locking position.
  • the magnetic force effect can be generated, for example, by one or more disk-shaped or rod-shaped permanent magnets, which are arranged on the opposite side of the closing element of the permanent magnet, and by the resulting magnetic field during rotation of the magnet in the locking position against the pulling action of a spiral tension spring or a similar resilient means are moved away from the housing of the permanent magnet, so that the cross bar can engage in a known wall receptacle, which is arranged on the lying in the region of the door hinges edge of the door frame. The retraction of the cross bar from the wall receptacle to release the door takes place here after the rotation of the magnet in the release position with repealed magnetic force by the resilient means.
  • a peg-shaped or hook-shaped Provide projection may have a T-shaped head, and engages in the closed position of the door upon rotation of the magnet in the locking position in a correspondingly formed in the magnet circumferential receiving groove which widens towards the center of the magnet in such a way that the eg T-shaped head engages in the groove and locks the door in addition to the magnetic forces and the positive connection of the closing element in the region of the magnet in a form-fitting manner.
  • the circumferential receiving groove with the cross section that widens toward the inside of the magnet can likewise engage in a section of hardened material connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the magnet, which is twisted together with the magnet.
  • a seal for example, rubber or other known sealing material to be arranged, which moves together with the strike plate in the direction of the door, so that the sealing effect in an advantageous manner by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is generated on the closing element.
  • the invention has been previously described in connection with a rotatably received on the door permanent magnet and a provided on the fixed door frame closing element made of magnetizable material, the invention likewise comprises the reverse embodiment in which the permanent magnet rotatably mounted on the fixed frame and the closing element preferably movably attached to a door or a window.
  • a magneto-mechanical closing device 1 for closing a door 4 which is movable relative to a frame 2 comprises a closing element 6 which is fastened movably to the frame 2 via a guide 8 in the direction of the arrow 10.
  • the locking device 1 further comprises a rod-shaped permanent magnet 12 which is rotatably received in a housing 14 made of magnetizable material.
  • a magnet is known from the prior art, for example for mounting tripods for cameras or dial gauges and the like.
  • non-magnetic strip-shaped areas 16 are preferably arranged, which may for example consist of aluminum, and influence the resulting magnetic field in such a way that upon rotation of the magnet in the in Fig. 1 shown locking position is exerted by the magnetic material on the housing 14 of the magnet, a magnetic force on the closing element 6, which attracts this in the direction of the housing 14, so that formed on the closing element projections 18 in corresponding grooves or recesses 20 in the door 4 or in Magnet housing 14 engage and form a positive connection, which prevents opening of the door 4.
  • the magnet 12 is removed from the in Fig. 1 shown locking position in the in Fig. 2 rotated release position in which due to the properties of the influenced by the non-magnetic regions 16 field characteristic of the magnetic field, the magnetic force in the region of the closing element 6 is released.
  • this in Fig. 2 illustrated locking position 6 of magnetizable material by one or more arranged on the back of the closing element further permanent magnets 22, which generate a relation to the magnetic force caused by the permanent magnet 12 in the locking position significantly reduced magnetic force, moved away from the housing 14 of the magnet 12.
  • the door 4 is unlocked and can be opened in the usual way, for example with the aid of a door handle.
  • a door rebate 24 is formed on the door 4 in a known manner, which protects the investment area in which the closing element 6 rests against the door 4 and the housing 14 of the magnet 12, against manipulation from the outside.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 can be arranged on the inside of the door 4 in addition a cross bar 26 which is provided at its end facing the magnet 12 with a third magnet 28 which in the in Fig. 1 shown locking position is repelled from the field of the rod-shaped permanent magnet 12 and the crossbar against the action of a tension spring 30 from the permanent magnet 12 away in the in Fig. 1 shown locked position in which engages the second end of the crossbar 26 in an associated wall receptacle 32, to provide additional protection against levering the door 4.
  • a cross bar 26 which is provided at its end facing the magnet 12 with a third magnet 28 which in the in Fig. 1 shown locking position is repelled from the field of the rod-shaped permanent magnet 12 and the crossbar against the action of a tension spring 30 from the permanent magnet 12 away in the in Fig. 1 shown locked position in which engages the second end of the crossbar 26 in an associated wall receptacle 32, to provide additional protection against levering the door 4.
  • the closing element 6 is formed as a locking pin 34 which is guided in an associated guide 8 in the frame 2 and is urged away by a tension spring 36 and a permanent magnet not shown in the direction of the arrow 38 of the door 4.
  • the other end of the bolt-shaped closure member 34 is adapted in shape of a formed in the door 4 or in the housing 14 of the magnet 12 recess 20 into which the end engages positively when the bolt-shaped closure member 34 after rotation of the magnet 12 by the magnetic forces in Direction of the arrow 40 from the in Fig. 4 shown release position in the in Fig. 3 shown closed position is moved.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 the rotation of the magnet 12 takes place in the embodiments described above after the FIGS. 1 to 4 the invention by a known rotatable rosette-shaped protective fitting 42, which is described for example in German Utility Model G 93 17 012 of the applicant.
  • the closure device according to the invention is arranged on the outside of the door 4 cup-shaped rotatable outer part 44, which has a in the FIGS. 5 and 6 schematically indicated arrangement of separating pins 46 against a fixed to the door 4th Connected inner part 48 can be locked and unlocked with a suitable key, in its center of rotation with a shaft 50 torsionally rigidly connected to the magnet 12, which preferably engages in the center of rotation of the magnet 12.
  • the rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 is in FIGS. 5 and 6 reproduced only schematically, and in its details from the aforementioned utility model known.
  • the in the FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrated embodiment of the invention has a very compact and robust construction, and offers due to the very large number of coding options of the rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 a very good protection.
  • the position of the magnet 12 shown in the figures within the housing 14 for the release and the locking is only an example and may, if desired, be changed depending on the respective requirements of the adjustment by a corresponding polarization of the magnet.
  • one or preferably a plurality of rod-shaped magnets 12 are arranged in the region of the door edge, wherein the longitudinal axis of the permanent magnets 12 extends substantially parallel to the door edge.
  • the magnets 12 are coupled together via corresponding shafts 52, and are driven by known angular gear 54, which in the embodiment of Fig. 7 are formed as bevel gear.
  • one or more horizontally extending magnets 12 may be in the region of the upper ones Edge 56 may be arranged, which cooperate in the same way as the other magnets with one or more closing elements 6, which are movably received in schematically illustrated guides 8, and depending on the rotational position of the magnets 12 in the manner described above against a restoring force, for example further permanent magnet 22 is generated, are tightened to lock the door 4.
  • the rotation of the permanent magnets 12 from the release position to the locking position is preferably generated by a rosette-shaped protective fitting 42.
  • the closing elements 6 are preferably designed as continuous closing plates, on which a sealing element extending over the entire length of a closing element 6 is advantageously fastened, which, however, is secured in Fig. 7 for illustration technical reasons is not marked with.
  • the permanent magnet 12 is also housed in this embodiment of the invention in a housing 14, which in a correspondingly shaped pocket in the area the door edge may be inserted, and preferably extends over the entire length of each magnet 12 away.
  • a self-locking mechanism 62 is arranged in the door preferably in the region of the door edge, which comprises a rack 64 which is movable in an unspecified guide in the direction of the double arrow 66.
  • the rack 64 is meshed with a pinion or gear 68 which rotatably with one of the shafts 52 or directly with the in Fig. 10 schematically drawn in dashed lines magnet 12 is coupled.
  • the door frame 2 near the end of the rack 64 is preferably connected to a third permanent magnet 70 which moves with the door closed 4 by the interaction with the closing element 6, or with a corresponding magnetizable part of the door frame 2 in the direction of the closing element 6 or door frame 2 , and thereby the gear 68 is rotated, which in turn rotates the magnet 12 from the release position to the closed position.
  • the magnet 12 is then rotated back over the associated gear 54 and the actuator in the release position, which can be done when using a rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 usually only with the help of the associated key.
  • the transmission or even the rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 may be provided with a suitably designed freewheel or a one-way clutch, which is not shown in the drawings for illustrative reasons.
  • the closing element 6 in the embodiment of Fig. 7 a provided with a T-shaped head 72 end portion which engages in the locking position of the magnet 12 in a groove-shaped or pocket-shaped recess 74 which engages in the magnet 12, or in a non-rotatably connected to the magnet 12 portion 76 of hardened material, to ensure additional mechanical locking of the door 4 in the locking position of the magnet.
  • FIG Fig. 4 around the permanent magnet 12 around an electrical coil 80 may be formed, the coil windings are aligned in such a way that the resulting magnetic field depending on the direction of the coil 80 through the electric current, the permanent magnet 12 from the locking position to the release position and back twisted.
  • the coil 80 is for illustrative reasons only in Fig. 4 located.
  • the locking device 1 according to the invention with an electrically controlled emergency lock or emergency release, which, for example, enables central opening of all emergency escape doors of a building in the event of fire.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

A magneto-mechanical locking device for locking a door can be displaced in relation to a stationary frame. The locking device contains a locking element produced from a magnetizable material and disposed on the frame. The locking device further has a permanent magnet that is mounted on the door and can be twisted from a first release position, in which the locking element is subject to substantially no action of magnetic force, to a second locking position, in which the locking element is attracted by the action of magnetic force of the permanent magnet and locks the door.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine magneto-mechanische Schließeinrichtung zum Verschließen einer Tür oder eines Fensters.The invention relates to a magneto-mechanical locking device for closing a door or a window.

Türen und Fenster von Gebäuden, Fahrzeugen, Möbelstücken und Tresoren etc. werden in bekannter Weise durch mechanisch betätigte Schlösser, beispielsweise durch Zylinderschlösser, Querriegelschlösser und dergleichen verschlossen.Doors and windows of buildings, vehicles, furniture and safes, etc. are closed in a known manner by mechanically operated locks, for example by cylinder locks, crossbar locks and the like.

Hierbei ergibt sich das Problem, dass die verwendeten mechanischen Schließeinrichtungen eine Vielzahl von beweglichen Teilen aufweisen, die miteinander Zusammenwirken, um die zugehörige Tür zuverlässig zu verriegeln, wobei die Komplexität der mechanischen Schließeinrichtungen um so größer ist, je höher die Anforderungen an die einbruchshemmende Wirkung der Tür oder des Fensters sind.This results in the problem that the mechanical locking devices used have a plurality of moving parts, which cooperate with each other to reliably lock the associated door, the greater the complexity of the mechanical locking devices, the higher the burglar-resistant effect Door or window.

Durch die Vielzahl von beweglichen mechanischen Teilen, die in Schließeinrichtungen mit einer hohen einbruchshemmenden Wirkung verwendet werden, ergibt sich insbesondere bei größeren Temperaturschwankungen das Problem, dass sich die Form der Tür oder des Fensters verändert und die ineinandergreifenden mechanischen Teile zur Verriegelung nicht mehr passgenau zusammenwirken.Due to the large number of movable mechanical parts that are used in locking devices with a high burglar-resistant effect, resulting in particular with larger temperature fluctuations, the problem that changes the shape of the door or the window and the interlocking mechanical parts for locking no longer interact precisely.

So ist es beispielsweise im Winter häufig zu beobachten, dass Türen klemmen und sich nur mit größerer Mühe verschließen oder öffnen lassen.For example, it is often observed in winter that doors jam and can only be closed or opened with great effort.

Das Dokument JP 05 340149 A offenbart eine Magneto-mechanische Schließeinrichtung zum Verschließen einer gegenüber einem ortsfesten Rahmen bewegbaren Tür, umfassend eine am Rahmen anordenbare Schließanordnung mit einem als Schließelement ausgebildeten Permanentmagneten sowie ein an der Tür aufnehmbares Gehäuse mit einem verdrehbaren Permanentmagneten, der im montierten Zustand aus einer ersten Freigabeposition, in der im Wesentlichen keine magnetische Kraftwirkung auf das Schließelement ausgeübt wird, in eine zweite Verriegelungsposition verdrehbar ist, in der das Schließelement durch die magnetische Kraftwirkung des Permanentmagneten zur Verriegelung der Tür angezogen wird.The document JP 05 340149 A discloses a magneto-mechanical locking device for closing a relative to a stationary frame movable door, comprising a frame arranged on the closing arrangement with a permanent magnet formed as a closing element and a housing receivable on the door with a rotatable permanent magnet, which in the assembled state from a first release position, in the substantially no magnetic force is exerted on the closing element is rotatable in a second locking position, in which the closing element is attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet to lock the door.

Dem gemäß ist es eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Schließeinrichtung zu schaffen, die eine geringe Anzahl von zu fertigenden Teilen aufweist, und die auch bei größeren Temperaturschwankungen stets eine zuverlässige Funktion gewährleistet.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a closing device which has a small number of parts to be manufactured, and which always ensures a reliable function even with larger temperature fluctuations.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.Further features of the invention are contained in the subclaims.

Gemäß Anspruch 1 umfasst die magneto-mechanische Schließeinrichtung zum Verschließen einer gegenüber einem ortsfesten Rahmen bewegbaren Tür, beispielsweise einer Autotür, einer Gebäudetür, einer Tresortür oder aber auch eines Fensters, ein im montierten Zustand am Rahmen angeordnetes Schließelement aus magnetisierbarem Material, beispielsweise aus magnetisierbarem Stahl oder Eisen, das mit einem an der Tür befestigten Permanentmagneten zusammenwirkt. Der Permanentmagnet ist hierbei verdrehbar an der Tür oder am Fenster aufgenommen, und lässt sich vorzugsweise mechanisch von Hand aus einer ersten Freigabeposition, in der im Wesentlichen keine magnetische Kraftwirkung auf das Schließelement ausgewirkt wird, in eine zweite Verriegelungsposition verdrehen, in der das Schließelement am ortsfesten Rahmen durch die vom Permanentmagneten ausgeübten Magnetkräfte angezogen wird und die Tür oder das Fenster in ihrer geschlossenen Stellung verriegelt.According to claim 1, the magneto-mechanical locking device for closing a movable relative to a fixed frame door, such as a car door, a building door, a safe door or even a window, a mounted in the mounted state on the frame closing element of magnetizable material, such as magnetizable steel or iron that interacts with a permanent magnet attached to the door. The permanent magnet is in this case rotatably received on the door or on the window, and can be preferably mechanically by hand from a first release position in which substantially no magnetic force acting on the closure member, rotate in a second locking position in which the closing element on stationary Frame is attracted by the force exerted by the permanent magnet magnetic forces and locks the door or the window in its closed position.

Erfindungsgemäß sind in montierten Zustand am Türrahmen auf der der Tür abgewandten Seite des Schließelements weitere Permanentmagnete angeordnet, die eine im Vergleich zum Permanentmagneten an der Tür herabgesetzte Magnetkraft erzeugen. Die Größe und das Magnetfeld der weiteren Permanentmagnete sind hierbei in der Weise gewählt, dass das Schließelement in der Verriegelungsposition durch den Permanentmagneten der Tür angezogen wird, und die Tür verriegelt, in der Freigabeposition jedoch hingegen durch die weiteren Permanentmagnete von der Tür weggedrängt wird und die Verriegelung der Tür freigibt. Durch diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, die in vorteilhafter Weise nahezu keinem Verschleiß unterliegt, ergibt sich eine weitere Reduzierung der verwendeten mechanischen Teile.According to the invention, further permanent magnets are arranged in the mounted state on the door frame on the side of the closing element facing away from the door, which generate a magnetic force reduced on the door compared to the permanent magnet. The size and the magnetic field of the other permanent magnets are chosen here in such a way that the closing element is attracted in the locking position by the permanent magnet of the door, and locks the door, in the release position, however, is pushed away by the other permanent magnets of the door and the Locking the door releases. This embodiment of the invention, which is advantageously subject to almost no wear, results in a further reduction of the mechanical parts used.

Der Einfachheit halber wird bei der Beschreibung der Erfindung nachfolgend auf eine Tür Bezug genommen, obwohl die beschriebenen Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen in entsprechender Weise auch für Fenster gelten.For the sake of simplicity, the description of the invention will be referred to hereinafter as referring to a door, although the advantages and refinements described apply correspondingly to windows.

Durch die Erfindung ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass aufgrund der Fernwirkung der Magnetkräfte auch größere Schwankungen im Abstand zwischen dem rahmenseitigen Schließelement und dem Magneten, wie sie beispielsweise durch jahreszeitlich bedingte Temperaturschwankungen entstehen, kompensiert werden.By the invention there is the advantage that due to the long-range effect of the magnetic forces and larger fluctuations in the distance between the frame-side closing element and the magnet, as they arise for example due to seasonal temperature fluctuations, can be compensated.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht darin, dass diese nahezu verschleißfrei arbeitet und im Vergleich zum mechanischen Schließeinrichtungen lediglich eine sehr geringe Anzahl von beweglichen Teilen besitzt. Hierdurch lassen sich insbesondere bei der Fertigung der erfindungsgemäßen magneto-mechanischen Schließeinrichtung erhebliche Kosten einsparen, da die Toleranzen der einzelnen Teile im Gegensatz zu mechanischen Schließeinrichtungen mit einem vergleichbarenAnother advantage of the device according to the invention is that it operates almost wear-free and has only a very small number of moving parts compared to mechanical locking devices. This can save considerable costs, in particular in the production of the magneto-mechanical locking device according to the invention, since the tolerances of the individual parts, in contrast to mechanical locking devices with a comparable

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, die eine besonders zuverlässige Verriegelung einer Tür oder eines Fensters ermöglicht, sind am Schließelement Vorsprünge gebildet, welche in der Verriegelungsposition in zugehörige Aufnahmen der Tür eingreifen, und hierdurch eine durch die Magnetkräfte aktivierte formschlüssige Verbindung erzeugen. Die Vorsprünge werden vorzugsweise durch Zapfen oder Nasen gebildet, die in zugehörige Bohrungen oder Nuten an der Tür eingreifen, welche sich vorzugsweise über die gesamte Länge des Schließelements hinweg erstrecken.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, which allows a particularly reliable locking of a door or a window, projections are formed on the closing element, which engage in the locking position in associated receptacles of the door, and thereby generate an activated by the magnetic forces positive connection. The projections are preferably formed by pins or lugs which engage in corresponding bores or grooves on the door, which preferably extend over the entire length of the closing element.

Hierbei wird das Schließelement vorzugsweise durch ein relativ zum ortsfesten Rahmen der Tür oder des Fensters bewegliches Schließblech gebildet, das in der zweiten Verriegelungsposition eine die Tür oder das Fenster verriegelnde formschlüssige Verbindung mit dem Permanentmagneten, bzw. mit dem zugehörigen Teil der Tür eingeht.In this case, the closing element is preferably formed by a relative to the stationary frame of the door or the window movable strike plate, which receives in the second locking position a door or window locking positive connection with the permanent magnet, or with the associated part of the door.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann das Schließelement durch einen Schließbolzen gebildet werden, der linear beweglich in einer im Rahmen gebildeten Führungsbohrung aufgenommen ist. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine in mechanischer Hinsicht besonders einfache und kostengünstige Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the closing element may be formed by a locking pin which is received linearly movable in a guide bore formed in the frame. This results in a mechanically particularly simple and cost-effective embodiment of the locking device according to the invention.

Weiterhin ist es ebenfalls möglich, zusätzlich zu den weiteren Permanentmagneten federelastische Mittel, beispielsweise eine Spiralzugfeder, zu verwenden, die das Schließelement in gleicher Weise in der Freigabeposition, in der das magnetische Feld im Bereich des Schließelements nicht oder nahezu nicht vorhanden ist, von der Tür wegdrängen und hierdurch die Verriegelungswirkung aufheben. In der Verriegelungsstellung wird das Schließelement dann durch die erheblich höheren Magnetkräfte des Permanentmagneten entgegen der Wirkung der federelastischen Mittel zur Tür hin angezogen, bis es an der Türkante oder dem Magneten anliegt.Furthermore, it is also possible to use in addition to the other permanent magnets resilient means, such as a spiral tension spring, the closing element in the same manner in the release position in which the magnetic field in the region of the closing element is not or almost absent from the door push away and thereby cancel the locking effect. In the locking position, the closing element is then attracted by the significantly higher magnetic forces of the permanent magnet against the action of the resilient means towards the door until it rests against the door edge or the magnet.

Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird der Permanentmagnet durch einen zylindrischen oder stabförmigen Magneten gebildet, der vorzugsweise in Querrichtung, d.h. in Richtung senkrecht zur Längsachse des Magneten, polarisiert ist, und der in einem in Umfangsrichtung im Wesentlichen geschlossenen Gehäuse aus magnetisierbarem Material, beispielsweise aus Eisen, aufgenommen ist. Die im Gehäuse hierzu gebildete Bohrung besitzt einen geringfügig größeren Durchmesser als der Magnet, und dient vorzugsweise gleichzeitig zur Lagerung des Magneten.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the permanent magnet is formed by a cylindrical or rod-shaped magnet, preferably in the transverse direction, i. is polarized in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the magnet, and which is accommodated in a circumferentially substantially closed housing made of magnetizable material, for example of iron. The bore formed in the housing for this purpose has a slightly larger diameter than the magnet, and preferably serves at the same time to support the magnet.

Der Magnet kann aus einem bekannten permanentmagnetischen Material, beispielsweise aus Ferrit, oder aber bei einer besonders hochwertigen Ausführungsform aus Kobaltsamarium oder einem sonstigen Seltenen-Erden-Material gebildet sein, welches eine sehr hohe Magnetkraft erzeugt.The magnet can be formed of a known permanent magnetic material, for example of ferrite, or in a particularly high-quality embodiment of cobalt amarium or other rare earth material, which generates a very high magnetic force.

Durch die Verwendung eines in einem geschlossenen Gehäuse verdrehbar aufgenommenen stabförmigen oder zylinderförmigen Permanentmagneten ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass das Ent- und Verriegeln der Tür nur eine sehr geringe Betätigungskraft oder genau genommenen ein sehr kleines Drehmoment erfordert, da mit Ausnahme der Reibungskräfte bei der Bewegung des Schließelements in Richtung zum Magneten hin sowie den Reibungskräften, die durch die Lagerung des stabförmigen Permanentmagneten erzeugt werden, keinerlei mechanische Reibungskräfte entstehen. Hierdurch ist es ebenfalls nicht erforderlich, den ganzen Mechanismus zu ölen oder in sonstiger aufwendiger Weise durch eine entsprechende Auswahl der Materialien leichtgängig zu gestalten, da die Kräfte zur Verriegelung der Tür oder des Fensters allein durch die Fernwirkung der Magnetkräfte übertragen wird.By using a rotatably received in a closed housing rod-shaped or cylindrical permanent magnet has the advantage that unlocking and locking the door requires only a very small operating force or, strictly speaking, a very small torque, as with the exception of the frictional forces in the movement of Closing element towards the magnet and the frictional forces generated by the storage of the rod-shaped permanent magnet, no mechanical frictional forces arise. As a result, it is also not necessary to oil the whole mechanism or to make it smooth in any other complicated way by an appropriate choice of materials, as the forces for Lock the door or window is transmitted solely by the remote action of the magnetic forces.

Weiterhin kann es in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen sein, die Verriegelungswirkung dadurch zu erzeugen, dass das Schließelement direkt in eine im Gehäuse des Permanentmagneten geformte Ausnehmung eingreift, um eine gegen Manipulationen von außen her geschützte formschlüssige Verbindung zur Verriegelung der Tür zu erhalten. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine besonders kostengünstige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, da der Permanentmagnet zusammen mit dem Gehäuse als eine Einheit in eine entsprechend geformte Ausnehmung in der Tür eingesetzt werden kann, ohne das zusätzliche Bauteile erforderlich sind.Furthermore, it may be provided in an advantageous manner to produce the locking effect in that the closing element engages directly into a recess formed in the housing of the permanent magnet, to obtain a protected against manipulation from the outside form-fitting connection for locking the door. This results in a particularly cost-effective embodiment of the invention, since the permanent magnet can be used together with the housing as a unit in a correspondingly shaped recess in the door, without the additional components are required.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann die Befestigung des Magneten in vorteilhafter Weise zudem von der Innenseite der Tür her mit Hilfe von Schraubbolzen erfolgen, die durch im Gehäuse des Magneten gebildete Längsbohrungen hindurchgeführt sind und in bekannter Weise in entsprechende Gewindebohrungen eines Türbeschlags eingeschraubt sein können, der auf der Außenseite der Tür zum Schutz des Schließmechanismus angeordnet ist. Hierdurch lässt sich mit sehr geringem Aufwand eine Schließeinrichtung erhalten, die aufgrund der geringen Anzahl von mechanischen Bauelementen sehr kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann und die sich bei einer guten Schutzwirkung gegen ein Aufbrechen der Tür mit einfachen Mitteln bei bestehenden Türen nachrüsten lässt.In this embodiment of the invention, the attachment of the magnet can also be carried out advantageously from the inside of the door with the aid of bolts, which are passed through formed in the housing of the magnet longitudinal bores and can be screwed in a known manner into corresponding threaded holes of a door fitting, the is arranged on the outside of the door to protect the locking mechanism. As a result, a locking device can be obtained with very little effort, which can be produced very inexpensively due to the small number of mechanical components and can be retrofitted with existing doors with a good protection against breaking the door with simple means.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Ausrichtung des Permanentmagneten im Gehäuse vorzugsweise so, dass die Längsachse des Permanentmagneten im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Türebene verläuft. Anders ausgedrückt, erstreckt sich der Permanentmagnet in gleicher Weise wie ein herkömmlicher Schließzylinder in dem Bereich, in dem üblicherweise das Türschloss angeordnet ist, durch das Türblatt hindurch. Der Permanentmagnet hat hierbei vorzugsweise eine Länge, die geringfügig kleiner als die Stärke des Türblatts ist, wobei es jedoch ebenfalls vorgesehen sein kann, die Länge des Magneten geringfügig größer zu wählen, und das Gehäuse des Magneten insbesondere zur Türinnenseite hin aus dem Türblatt herauszuziehen, um eine erhöhte Magnetkraft zu erhalten, mit der das Schließelement zur Verrieglung der Tür angezogen wird.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the orientation of the permanent magnet in the housing is preferably such that the longitudinal axis of the permanent magnet extends substantially perpendicular to the door plane. In other words, the permanent magnet extends through the door leaf in the same way as a conventional lock cylinder in the area in which the door lock is usually arranged. The permanent magnet in this case preferably has a length which is slightly smaller than the thickness of the door leaf, but it may also be provided to choose the length of the magnet slightly larger, and the housing of the magnet especially to the inside of the door to pull out of the door leaf to obtain an increased magnetic force with which the closing element is tightened to lock the door.

Der Permanentmagnet wird vorzugsweise durch ein mechanisch drehbares Betätigungselement auf der Außenseite der Tür zwischen der Freigabeposition und der Verriegelungsposition hin- und her gedreht, wobei das Betätigungselement in der einfachsten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung mit einem Knauf versehen sein kann, der vorzugsweise durch einen auf der Außenseite der Tür angebrachten Schutzbeschlag verdeckt wird. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Schließeinrichtung zum Verriegeln der Tür vollständig unabhängig von der Funktion des Schutzbeschlags ausgestaltet werden kann, so dass die Codierung zum Öffnen der Tür allein durch den Schutzbeschlag bestimmt wird, die Verriegelung der Tür in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise hingegen mit Hilfe des Magneten erfolgt.The permanent magnet is preferably reciprocated by a mechanically rotatable actuating element on the outside of the door between the release position and the locking position, wherein the actuating element may be provided in the simplest embodiment of the invention with a knob, preferably by a on the outside of the Door-mounted protective fitting is obscured. This results in the advantage that the locking device for locking the door can be configured completely independent of the function of the protective fitting, so that the coding for opening the door is determined solely by the protective fitting, however, the locking of the door in the manner described above Help of the magnet is done.

Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt der Antrieb des in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise in die Tür eingesetzten Magneten jedoch mit Hilfe eines Schutzbeschlages, z.B. eines Visierbeschlages oder auch einer Kernschutzrosette, wie er vom Anmelder gefertigt wird, und beispielsweise im deutschen Gebrauchsmuster DE 9317012 U1 beschrieben ist. Hierbei ist der Permanentmagnet beispielsweise über eine bekannte Mehrkantwelle, z.B. Vierkantwelle, mit dem äußeren drehbaren Teil des Schutzbeschlags gekoppelt, dessen Drehzentrum auf der Verlängerung der zentralen Mittelachse des Permanentmagneten angeordnet ist. Die in dieser Weise mit Hilfe eines vorzugsweise kreisförmig ausgebildeten drehbaren Schutzbeschlags - nachfolgend auch als Schutzrosette bezeichnet - betätigte erfindungsgemäße magneto-mechanische Schließeinrichtung bietet bei einem sehr einfachen Aufbau einen ausgezeichneten Schutz gegen ein Aufbrechen der Tür, und zeichnet sich zudem durch eine sehr hohe Lebensdauer aus, da der Schließmechanismus als solcher nahezu keinem Verschleiß unterliegt.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the drive of the magnets used in the manner described above in the door with the help of a protective fitting, such as a visor fitting or a core protective rosette, as made by the applicant, and for example in the German utility model DE 9317012 U1 is described. Here, the permanent magnet is coupled for example via a known polygonal shaft, such as square shaft, with the outer rotatable part of the protective fitting, the center of rotation is arranged on the extension of the central center axis of the permanent magnet. The invention in this way with the aid of a preferably circular rotatable protective fitting - hereinafter also referred to as rosette - actuated magneto-mechanical locking device provides in a very simple structure excellent protection against breakage of the door, and is also characterized by a very long life because the closing mechanism as such is subject to almost no wear.

In gleicher Weise besteht die Möglichkeit, den zylindrisch ausgestalteten Permanentmagneten mit Hilfe eines verschiebbaren Schutzbeschlages zu verdrehen, wie er beispielsweise vom Anmelder gefertigt wird und in der europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 367 000 B1 beschrieben ist. Hierzu kann der verschiebbare Teil des Schutzbeschlages z.B. auf seiner Innenseite mit einer linearen Verzahnung nach Art einer Zahnstange versehen sein, die mit einem Ritzel in Eingriff ist, welches an einer Welle aufgenommen ist, die im Bereich des Drehzentrums des Permanentmagneten an diesem befestigt sein kann.In the same way it is possible to rotate the cylindrically shaped permanent magnet by means of a sliding protective fitting, as he, for example is manufactured by the applicant and in the European patent specification EP 0 367 000 B1 is described. For this purpose, the displaceable part of the protective fitting may be provided, for example, on its inside with a linear toothing in the manner of a toothed rack, which is engaged with a pinion, which is received on a shaft which may be secured in the region of the center of rotation of the permanent magnet.

Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt gleichzeitig mit dem Einstecken des speziell mit Zapfen versehen Schlüssels in den Schutzbeschlag und Verschieben desselben durch den Zahneingriff ein Verdrehen des Permanentmagneten aus der Verriegelungsposition in die Freigabeposition und damit ein Entriegeln der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung, da in der Freigabeposition das auf das Schließelement wirkende magnetische Feld innerhalb des Gehäuses des Magneten in der Weise verändert wird, dass der Bereich außerhalb des Permanentmagneten nahezu feldfrei ist, so dass auf das Schließelement keine Kraft mehr ausgeübt wird.Also in this embodiment of the invention is carried out simultaneously with the insertion of the specially provided with pin key in the protective fitting and moving the same by the meshing rotation of the permanent magnet from the locking position to the release position and thus unlocking the locking device according to the invention, as in the release position on the closing element acting magnetic field is changed within the housing of the magnet in such a way that the area outside the permanent magnet is almost field-free, so that no force is exerted on the closing element.

Um die Tür zu verriegeln, wird der Schutzbeschlag zurück in die Ausgangsposition verschoben und der Schlüssel aus dem Schutzbeschlag entfernt, wobei durch das Zusammenwirken von Ritzel und Zahnstange und die Bewegung des verschiebbaren Teils des Schutzbeschlages eine Drehung des Magneten um ca. 90° zurück in die Verriegelungsposition erfolgt, in der das Schließblech durch das vom Permanentmagneten hervorgerufene Magnetfeld mit einer sehr hohen Kraft in Richtung des Magneten angezogen wird, und dort in die entsprechenden Vorsprünge einrastet, um die Tür zu verriegeln.To lock the door, the protective fitting is moved back to the starting position and the key removed from the protective fitting, wherein the interaction of pinion and rack and the movement of the sliding part of the protective fitting, a rotation of the magnet by about 90 ° back into the Locking position takes place, in which the striking plate is attracted by the permanent magnet caused by the magnetic field with a very high force in the direction of the magnet, and there snaps into the corresponding projections to lock the door.

In gleicher Weise ist es jedoch ebenfalls möglich, das Verdrehen des Permanentmagneten mit Hilfe eines herkömmlichen Schließzylinders oder Profilzylinders vorzunehmen, der sich beispielsweise in das Innere des Permanentmagneten hinein erstrecken kann, und drehfest mit diesem verbunden ist.In the same way, however, it is also possible to carry out the rotation of the permanent magnet by means of a conventional lock cylinder or profile cylinder, which may for example extend into the interior of the permanent magnet, and is non-rotatably connected thereto.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann es vorgesehen sein, zwischen dem drehbaren Betätigungselement auf der Außenseite der Tür und dem Magneten eine elektromechanische Kupplung vorzusehen, die in bekannter Weise mit einer Elektronik gekoppelt ist, welche beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines codierten Mikrochips aktiviert werden kann, um die elektromechanisch schließbare Kupplung mit einer elektrischen Spannung zu versorgen, so dass diese zum Öffnen der Tür einrastet. Eine solche elektromechanische Kupplung ist beispielsweise aus der DE 198 29 958 A1 bekannt.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it may be provided between the rotatable actuating element on the outside of the door and the magnet a provide electromechanical coupling, which is coupled in a known manner with an electronic unit, which can be activated for example by means of a coded microchip to supply the electromechanically closable coupling with an electrical voltage so that it engages to open the door. Such an electromechanical coupling is for example from the DE 198 29 958 A1 known.

Durch die Kombination der erfindungsgemäßen magneto-mechanischen Schließeinrichtung sowie der zwischen dem Betätigungselement auf der Türaußenseite und dem Permanentmagneten angeordneten elektromechanischen Kupplung ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die große Anzahl von Codierungsmöglichkeiten und die hohe Manipulationssicherheit einer rein elektronischen Schließeinrichtung mit den Vorteilen der zuvor beschriebenen magneto-mechanischen Schließeinrichtung kombiniert werden. Hierbei ist es von besonderem Vorteil, dass die Kräfte zum Verdrehen des Magneten selbst bei Türen mit einer größeren Anzahl von erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtungen im Vergleich zu bekannten mechanischen Schlössern aufgrund der fehlenden Reibungskräfte sehr gering sind. Dadurch können sowohl die Abmessungen der elektromechanischen Kupplung, als der Stromverbrauch vergleichsweise klein gehalten werden.The combination of the magneto-mechanical locking device according to the invention and the electromechanical coupling arranged between the actuating element on the outside of the door and the permanent magnet affords the advantage that the large number of coding options and the high security against manipulation of a purely electronic locking device combine with the advantages of the previously described magneto-mechanical locking device. combined mechanical closing device. In this case, it is of particular advantage that the forces for rotating the magnet are very small even in the case of doors with a larger number of closing devices according to the invention in comparison to known mechanical locks due to the lack of frictional forces. As a result, both the dimensions of the electromechanical coupling, as the power consumption can be kept relatively small.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Gedankens ist die Längsachse des stabförmig oder zylindrisch ausgebildeten Permanentmagneten im Wesentlichen parallel zur Vertikalen ausgerichtet, und verläuft im Wesentlichen parallel und in der Nähe der Türkante. Hierzu kann der stabförmig ausgebildete Permanentmagnet in eine entsprechende Tasche oder Ausnehmung eingesetzt sein, die stirnseitig an der Tür im Bereich der vertikal verlaufenden Türkante angeordnet ist. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es ebenfalls denkbar, im Bereich der horizontal verlaufenden oberen Türkante in gleicher Weise einen stabförmig ausgebildeten Permanentmagneten vorzusehen, der für eine Verriegelung der Tür im Bereich der oberen Türkante sorgt.According to a further embodiment of the concept underlying the invention, the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped or cylindrically shaped permanent magnet is aligned substantially parallel to the vertical, and extends substantially parallel and in the vicinity of the door edge. For this purpose, the rod-shaped permanent magnet can be inserted into a corresponding pocket or recess, which is arranged on the front side of the door in the region of the vertically extending door edge. In this context, it is also conceivable to provide in the same way a rod-shaped permanent magnet in the region of the horizontally extending upper door edge, which ensures a locking of the door in the region of the upper door edge.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisen die stabförmig ausgebildeten Permanentmagnete einen vergleichsweise kleinen Durchmesser von z.B. 2 bis 5 cm und eine demgegenüber große Länge von bis zu 20 cm oder mehr auf, und werden in vorteilhafter Weise über ein Getriebe verdreht, welches mit dem verdrehbaren Betätigungselement gekoppelt ist, und welches beispielsweise ein Kegelradgetriebe oder ein sonstiges Winkelgetriebe sein kann.In this embodiment of the invention, the rod-shaped permanent magnets have a relatively small diameter of, for example, 2 to 5 cm and a comparatively long length of up to 20 cm or more, and are in advantageously twisted over a gear, which is coupled to the rotatable actuator, and which may be, for example, a bevel gear or other bevel gear.

Die zuvor beschriebene Ausführungsform der Erfindung besitzt den Vorteil, dass sowohl die beiden vertikal verlaufenden Türkanten, als auch die auf der Oberseite der Tür angeordnete horizontal verlaufende obere Türkante zum Verriegeln der Tür verwendet werden können, wenn mehrere Magnete über entsprechende Winkelgetriebe gekoppelt entlang der Kanten der Tür angeordnet sind und die zugehörigen Bereiche des Türrahmens mit entsprechenden Schließblechen versehen werden, die beim Verdrehen der Permanentmagneten aus der Freigabeposition in die Verriegelungsposition zur Tür hin angezogen werden um diese unter Erzeugung einer formschlüssigen Verbindung zu verriegeln. Hierdurch ergibt sich bei vergleichsweise geringen Betätigungskräften eine Schließeinrichtung, die eine hochwirksame flächige Verriegelung über nahezu die gesamte Länge der Türkante hinweg ermöglicht.The above-described embodiment of the invention has the advantage that both the two vertical door edges, as well as arranged on the top of the door horizontally extending upper door edge can be used to lock the door when a plurality of magnets via corresponding angular gear coupled along the edges of the Door are arranged and the associated areas of the door frame are provided with corresponding strike plates, which are attracted to the twisting of the permanent magnet from the release position in the locked position to the door to lock them to form a positive connection. This results in comparatively low actuating forces a locking device that allows a highly effective surface locking over almost the entire length of the door edge away.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann es vorgesehen sein, dass mehrere Permanentmagnete über entsprechende Wellen drehfest miteinander gekoppelt sind, wobei die Kopplung beispielsweise in den Eckbereichen der Türkante über entsprechend ausgestaltete Kegelradgetriebe oder sonstige Winkelgetriebe erfolgen kann. Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass die Schließeinrichtung modular nach Art eines Baukastens aufgebaut sein kann, wobei eine beliebige Anzahl von stabförmig ausgestalteten Permanentmagneten über zugehörige Wellen beispielsweise durch Ineinanderstecken drehsteif miteinander verbunden werden, um eine Tür, ein Fenster und dergleichen mit einer gewünschten Anzahl von Magneten auszurüsten.In this embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that a plurality of permanent magnets are rotatably coupled to each other via corresponding shafts, the coupling can be done for example in the corner regions of the door edge via correspondingly configured bevel gear or other bevel gear. Another advantage of this embodiment is that the locking device can be modular in the manner of a modular system, wherein any number of rod-shaped permanent magnets are connected by corresponding shafts, for example by nesting torsionally rigid with each other to a door, a window and the like with a desired Equip number of magnets.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann die Tür oder das Fenster hierbei auf sehr einfache Weise mit einem Selbstverriegelungsmechanismus versehen werden, durch den der Permanentmagnet in seinem Gehäuse beim Schließen der Tür selbständig aus der Freigabeposition in die Verriegelungsposition verdreht wird.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the door or the window can be provided in a very simple manner with a self-locking mechanism by which the permanent magnet is automatically rotated in its housing when closing the door from the release position to the locking position.

Der Selbstverriegelungsmechanismus umfasst hierbei vorzugsweise eine am Permanentmagneten oder an einer mit dem Permanentmagneten drehfest gekoppelten Welle über ein entsprechendes Ritzel angreifende Zahnstange, die vorzugsweise in einer linearen Führung in der Tür aufgenommen ist, und den Magenten bei einem Verschieben der Zahnstange in Richtung zum Schließelement hin in die Verriegelungsposition verdreht, so dass die Magnetkräfte nach dem Schließen der Tür automatisch aktiviert werden und das Schließelement zur Verriegelung der Tür anziehen.The self-locking mechanism in this case preferably comprises a on the permanent magnet or on a non-rotatably coupled to the permanent magnet shaft via a corresponding pinion attacking rack, which is preferably received in a linear guide in the door, and the Magenten upon displacement of the rack towards the closing element in the locking position is rotated, so that the magnetic forces are automatically activated after closing the door and tighten the closing element to lock the door.

Der Antrieb der Zahnstange erfolgt vorzugsweise über einen dritten Permanentmagneten, der beispielsweise mit dem türrahmenseitigen Ende der Zahnstange verbunden ist, und der bei geschlossener Tür durch einen aus magnetisierbarem Material, beispielsweise aus Eisenblech, bestehenden Teil des Türrahmens oder aber auch durch das Schließelement selber aus der Tür heraus in Richtung zum Schließelement hin bewegt wird und hierdurch die Zahnstange bewegt, welche ihrerseits wieder den Permanentmagneten in die Verriegelungsposition verdreht.The drive of the rack is preferably via a third permanent magnet, which is connected for example to the door frame end of the rack, and the door is closed by a magnetisable material, such as sheet iron, existing part of the door frame or even by the closing element itself from the Door is moved out toward the closing element and thereby moves the rack, which in turn rotates the permanent magnet in the locking position.

In gleicher Weise ist es möglich, die automatische Drehung des Permanentmagneten in die Verriegelungsposition über eine auf die Drehachse des Magneten wirkende Hebelanordnung oder dergleichen zu erzeugen, die ebenfalls durch den dritten Permanentmagneten betätigt wird.Similarly, it is possible to generate the automatic rotation of the permanent magnet in the locking position via a force acting on the axis of rotation of the magnet lever assembly or the like, which is also actuated by the third permanent magnet.

Hierdurch ergibt sich ein Verriegelungsmechanismus, der ohne den sonst üblichen sehr hohen mechanischen Aufwand nahezu verschleißfrei arbeitet, und der auch bei größeren Temperaturschwankungen bei einer Änderung des Abstandes zwischen Tür und Türrahmen zuverlässig funktioniert.This results in a locking mechanism that works almost without wear without the usual very high mechanical complexity, and works reliably even with larger temperature fluctuations with a change in the distance between the door and the door frame.

Gemäss einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Gedankens kann das Gehäuse des Permanentmagneten oder allgemein der Permanentmagnet von einer elektrischen Spule umgeben sein, bei der die Spulenwindungen in der Weise angeordnet sind, dass sich der Permanentmagnet in Abhängigkeit von der Richtung eines die Spule durchfließenden elektrischen Stromes zwischen der Verriegelungsposition und der Freigabeposition hin und her verdrehen lässt. Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Spulenwindungen hierzu in der Weise um das Gehäuse des Permanentmagneten herum gewickelt, dass die Spulenlängsachse vorzugsweise senkrecht zur Längsachse des in diesem Falle ebenfalls nach Möglichkeit stabförmig ausgebildeten Permanentmagneten verläuft. In gleicher Weise sind jedoch auch andere Ausgestaltungen der stromdurchflossenen Spule denkbar.According to a further embodiment of the concept underlying the invention, the housing of the permanent magnet or generally the permanent magnet may be surrounded by an electrical coil, in which the coil turns are arranged in such a way that the permanent magnet in dependence on the direction of an electrical current flowing through the coil between the locking position and the Turn release position back and forth. In the preferred embodiment, the coil windings are wound for this purpose in the manner around the housing of the permanent magnet, that the coil longitudinal axis is preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod also in this case, if possible rod-shaped permanent magnet. In the same way, however, other embodiments of the current-carrying coil are conceivable.

Durch diese Ausführungsform ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Tür beispielsweise bei der Ausgestaltung als Fluchttür, im Falle eines Brandes automatisch zentral geöffnet, oder bei der Ausgestaltung als Feuerschutztür automatisch elektrisch verriegelt werden kann, ohne dass der Permanentmagnet hierzu von Hand verdreht werden muss.By this embodiment, there is the advantage that the door, for example, in the embodiment as an escape door, automatically opened in the event of a fire centrally, or automatically locked electrically in the embodiment as a fire door, without the permanent magnet must be rotated by hand for this purpose.

Gemäss einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist an der Tür in bekannter Weise ein verschiebbarer Querriegel aufgenommen, der beispielsweise über einen weiteren Magneten mit dem Permanentmagneten zusammenwirkt, und zwar in der Weise, dass der Querriegel in Folge der magnetischen Kraftwirkung beim Verdrehen des Permanentmagneten aus der Freigabeposition in die Verriegelungsposition ebenfalls in seine Verriegelungsposition bewegt wird. Die magnetische Kraftwirkung kann hierbei beispielsweise durch einen oder mehrere scheibenförmige oder stabförmige Permanentmagnete erzeugt werden, die auf der dem Schließelement gegenüberliegenden Seite des Permanentmagneten angeordnet sind, und die durch das entstehende magnetische Feld beim Verdrehen des Magneten in die Verriegelungsposition entgegen der Zugwirkung einer Spiralzugfeder oder eines ähnlichen federelastischen Mittels vom Gehäuse des Permanentmagneten wegbewegt werden, so dass der Querriegel in eine bekannte Wandaufnahme eingreifen kann, die an der im Bereich der Türgelenke liegenden Kante des Türrahmens angeordnet ist. Das Zurückziehen des Querriegels aus der Wandaufnahme zur Freigabe der Tür erfolgt hierbei nach dem Verdrehen des Magneten in die Freigabeposition bei aufgehobener Magnetkraft durch die federelastischen Mittel.According to a further embodiment of the invention, a displaceable crossbar is received on the door in a known manner, which interacts with the permanent magnet, for example via a further magnet, in such a way that the crossbar as a result of the magnetic force effect during rotation of the permanent magnet from the release position is also moved into the locking position in its locking position. The magnetic force effect can be generated, for example, by one or more disk-shaped or rod-shaped permanent magnets, which are arranged on the opposite side of the closing element of the permanent magnet, and by the resulting magnetic field during rotation of the magnet in the locking position against the pulling action of a spiral tension spring or a similar resilient means are moved away from the housing of the permanent magnet, so that the cross bar can engage in a known wall receptacle, which is arranged on the lying in the region of the door hinges edge of the door frame. The retraction of the cross bar from the wall receptacle to release the door takes place here after the rotation of the magnet in the release position with repealed magnetic force by the resilient means.

Schließlich kann es gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, am Schließblech oder am Schließbolzen einen zapfenförmigen oder hakenförmigen Vorsprung vorzusehen, der z.B. einen T-förmigen Kopf aufweisen kann, und der in der geschlossenen Position der Tür beim Verdrehen des Magneten in die Verriegelungsposition in eine entsprechend im Magneten ausgebildete umfängliche Aufnahmenut eingreift, die sich zum Zentrum des Magneten hin in der Weise erweitert, dass der z.B. T-förmig ausgebildete Kopf in die Nut eingreift und die Tür zusätzlich zu den magnetischen Kräften und der formschlüssigen Verbindung des Schließelements im Bereich des Magneten formschlüssig verriegelt.Finally, it may be provided according to a further embodiment of the invention, on the strike plate or on the locking pin a peg-shaped or hook-shaped Provide projection, for example, may have a T-shaped head, and engages in the closed position of the door upon rotation of the magnet in the locking position in a correspondingly formed in the magnet circumferential receiving groove which widens towards the center of the magnet in such a way that the eg T-shaped head engages in the groove and locks the door in addition to the magnetic forces and the positive connection of the closing element in the region of the magnet in a form-fitting manner.

Die umfängliche Aufnahmenut mit dem sich zum Inneren des Magneten hin erweiternden Querschnitt kann jedoch in gleicher Weise auch in einen drehfest mit dem Magneten verbundenen Abschnitt aus gehärtetem Material eingreifen, der zusammen mit dem Magneten verdreht wird.However, the circumferential receiving groove with the cross section that widens toward the inside of the magnet can likewise engage in a section of hardened material connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the magnet, which is twisted together with the magnet.

Schließlich kann es vorgesehen sein, über die gesamte Länge des Schließelements hinweg eine Dichtung, beispielsweise aus Gummi oder einem anderen bekannten Dichtungsmaterial anzuordnen, die sich zusammen mit dem Schließblech in Richtung zur Tür hin bewegt, so dass die Dichtungswirkung in vorteilhafter Weise durch die magnetische Kraftwirkung des Permanentmagneten auf das Schließelement erzeugt wird. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass auch bei größeren Änderungen des Abstandes zwischen Türrahmen und Tür in Folge von saisonbedingten Temperaturschwankungen stets eine zuverlässige Abdichtung der Tür oder auch ggf. eines Fensters sichergestellt ist.Finally, it can be provided over the entire length of the closure member away a seal, for example, rubber or other known sealing material to be arranged, which moves together with the strike plate in the direction of the door, so that the sealing effect in an advantageous manner by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is generated on the closing element. This results in the advantage that even with larger changes in the distance between the door frame and door due to seasonal variations in temperature always a reliable seal the door or possibly even a window is ensured.

Obwohl die Erfindung zuvor im Zusammenhang mit einem an der Tür drehbar aufgenommenen Permanentmagneten sowie einem am ortsfesten Türrahmen vorgesehenen Schließelement aus magnetisierbarem Material beschrieben wurde, umfasst die Erfindung in gleicher Weise die umgekehrte Ausgestaltung, bei der der Permanentmagnet verdrehbar am ortsfesten Rahmen befestigt und das Schließelement vorzugsweise beweglich an einer Tür oder einem Fenster aufgenommen ist.Although the invention has been previously described in connection with a rotatably received on the door permanent magnet and a provided on the fixed door frame closing element made of magnetizable material, the invention likewise comprises the reverse embodiment in which the permanent magnet rotatably mounted on the fixed frame and the closing element preferably movably attached to a door or a window.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Bezug auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben.The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung mit einem beweglich am Türrahmen aufgenommenen Schließelement, welches durch weitere Permanentmagnete von der Tür weggedrängt wird sowie mit einem durch den Permanentmagneten ebenfalls betätigten Querriegel in der Verriegelungsposition,
Fig. 2
die Ausführungsform von Fig. 1 in der Freigabeposition,
Fig. 3
eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einem bolzenförmigen Schließelement, welches in eine im Gehäuse des stabförmig ausgebildeten Permanentmagneten geformte Ausnehmung eingreift in der Verriegelungsposition,
Fig. 4
die Ausführungsform von Fig. 3 in der geöffneten Stellung,
Fig. 5
eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung einer weiteren, der Ausführungsform von Fig. 3 und 4 ähnlichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der Permanentmagnet durch einen rosettenförmigen drehbaren Schutzbeschlag auf der Außenseite der Tür verdreht wird, in der Verriegelungsposition,
Fig. 6
die Ausführungsform von Fig. 5 in der Freigabeposition nach Verdrehen des Schutzbeschlages,
Fig. 7
eine schematische Darstellung einer Tür mit einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung, bei der sich die Drehachsen oder Längsachsen der stabförmig ausgestalteten Permanentmagnete entlang der Türkanten in vertikaler und auch in horizontaler Richtung erstrecken und über Winkelgetriebe angetrieben werden,
Fig. 8
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit entlang der Türkanten verlaufenden stabförmigen Permanentmagneten, bei der das Schließelement in einer Führung innerhalb des Türrahmens aufgenommen ist und zusätzlich durch federelastische Mittel von der Türkante weg in das Innere des Türrahmens hineingedrängt wird in der Verriegelungsposition,
Fig. 9
die Ausführungsform von Fig. 8 in der Freigabeposition,
Fig. 10
eine schematische Darstellung einer Selbstverriegelungseinrichtung zum automatischen Verriegeln der Tür nach dem Schließen derselben, und
Fig. 11
eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der eine zusätzliche mechanische Verriegelung in der geschlossenen Position der Tür durch einen am Schließelement gebildeten T-förmigen Kopf erzeugt wird, der in eine zugehörige, sich zum Drehzentrum des Permanentmagneten hin erweiternde nutförmige Öffnung eingreift.
In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of the closing device according to the invention with a movably received on the door frame closing element which is pushed away by further permanent magnets of the door and with a by the permanent magnet also operated crossbar in the locking position,
Fig. 2
the embodiment of Fig. 1 in the release position,
Fig. 3
a further embodiment of the device according to the invention with a bolt-shaped closing element, which engages in a recess formed in the housing of the rod-shaped permanent magnet recess in the locking position,
Fig. 4
the embodiment of Fig. 3 in the open position,
Fig. 5
a schematic cross-sectional view of another, the embodiment of Fig. 3 and 4 similar embodiment of the invention, in which the permanent magnet is rotated by a rosette-shaped rotatable protective fitting on the outside of the door, in the locking position,
Fig. 6
the embodiment of Fig. 5 in the release position after twisting the protective fitting,
Fig. 7
a schematic representation of a door with a further embodiment of a closing device according to the invention, in which the axes of rotation or longitudinal axes of the rod-shaped permanent magnets along the door edges in vertical and also in extend horizontally and are driven by angular gear,
Fig. 8
a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention with extending along the door edges rod-shaped permanent magnet, wherein the closing element is received in a guide within the door frame and is additionally urged by resilient means away from the door edge in the interior of the door frame in the locking position,
Fig. 9
the embodiment of Fig. 8 in the release position,
Fig. 10
a schematic representation of a self-locking device for automatically locking the door after closing the same, and
Fig. 11
a schematic representation of another embodiment of the invention, in which an additional mechanical lock is generated in the closed position of the door by a closing element formed on the T-shaped head, which engages in an associated, extending to the center of rotation of the permanent magnet groove-shaped opening.

Wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist, umfasst eine erfindungsgemäße magneto-mechanische Schließeinrichtung 1 zum Verschließen einer gegenüber einem Rahmen 2 bewegbaren Tür 4 ein Schließelement 6, welches über eine Führung 8 in Richtung des Pfeiles 10 beweglich am Rahmen 2 befestigt ist.As in Fig. 1 1, a magneto-mechanical closing device 1 according to the invention for closing a door 4 which is movable relative to a frame 2 comprises a closing element 6 which is fastened movably to the frame 2 via a guide 8 in the direction of the arrow 10.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schließeinrichtung 1 umfasst weiterhin einen stabförmig ausgebildeten Permanentmagneten 12, der in einem Gehäuse 14 aus magnetisierbarem Material verdrehbar aufgenommen ist. Ein solcher Magnet ist aus dem Stand der Technik z.B. zur Halterung von Stativen für Fotoapparate oder Messuhren und dergleichen bekannt.The locking device 1 according to the invention further comprises a rod-shaped permanent magnet 12 which is rotatably received in a housing 14 made of magnetizable material. Such a magnet is known from the prior art, for example for mounting tripods for cameras or dial gauges and the like.

Im Magnetgehäuse 14 sind vorzugsweise nichtmagnetische streifenförmige Bereiche 16 angeordnet, die z.B. aus Aluminium bestehen können, und die das entstehende magnetische Feld in der Weise beeinflussen, dass bei einem Verdrehen des Magneten in die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Verriegelungsposition vom magnetischen Material über das Gehäuse 14 des Magneten eine magnetische Kraft auf das Schließelement 6 ausgeübt wird, die dieses in Richtung zum Gehäuse 14 hin anzieht, so dass am Schließelement gebildete Vorsprünge 18 in zugehörige Nuten oder Ausnehmungen 20 in der Tür 4 oder im Magnetgehäuse 14 eingreifen und eine formschlüssige Verbindung bilden, welche ein Öffnen der Tür 4 verhindert.In the magnet housing 14 non-magnetic strip-shaped areas 16 are preferably arranged, which may for example consist of aluminum, and influence the resulting magnetic field in such a way that upon rotation of the magnet in the in Fig. 1 shown locking position is exerted by the magnetic material on the housing 14 of the magnet, a magnetic force on the closing element 6, which attracts this in the direction of the housing 14, so that formed on the closing element projections 18 in corresponding grooves or recesses 20 in the door 4 or in Magnet housing 14 engage and form a positive connection, which prevents opening of the door 4.

Um die Verriegelung der Tür 4 aufzuheben, wird der Magnet 12 aus der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Verriegelungsposition in die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Freigabeposition gedreht, in der aufgrund der Eigenschaften des durch die nichtmagnetischen Bereiche 16 beeinflussten Feldverlaufs des magnetischen Feldes die Magnetkraft im Bereich des Schließelements 6 aufgehoben wird. In dieser in Fig. 2 dargestellten Verriegelungsposition wird erfindungsgemäß das Schließelement 6 aus magnetisierbarem Material durch einen oder mehrere auf der Rückseite des Schließelements angeordnete weitere Permanentmagnete 22, die eine gegenüber der durch den Permanentmagneten 12 in der Verriegelungsposition hervorgerufenen Magnetkraft erheblich reduzierte Magnetkraft erzeugen, vom Gehäuse 14 des Magneten 12 wegbewegt. Hierdurch wird die Tür 4 entriegelt und kann in gewohnter Weise z.B. mit Hilfe eines Türdrückers geöffnet werden.To unlock the door 4, the magnet 12 is removed from the in Fig. 1 shown locking position in the in Fig. 2 rotated release position in which due to the properties of the influenced by the non-magnetic regions 16 field characteristic of the magnetic field, the magnetic force in the region of the closing element 6 is released. In this in Fig. 2 illustrated locking position 6 of magnetizable material by one or more arranged on the back of the closing element further permanent magnets 22, which generate a relation to the magnetic force caused by the permanent magnet 12 in the locking position significantly reduced magnetic force, moved away from the housing 14 of the magnet 12. As a result, the door 4 is unlocked and can be opened in the usual way, for example with the aid of a door handle.

Wie den Figuren 1 und 2 weiterhin entnommen werden kann, ist an der Tür 4 in bekannter Weise ein Türfalz 24 gebildet, welcher den Anlagebereich, in dem das Schließelement 6 an der Tür 4 bzw. am Gehäuse 14 des Magneten 12 anliegt, gegen Manipulationen von außen schützt.Like that FIGS. 1 and 2 can be removed, a door rebate 24 is formed on the door 4 in a known manner, which protects the investment area in which the closing element 6 rests against the door 4 and the housing 14 of the magnet 12, against manipulation from the outside.

Aufgrund der sehr starken Anziehungskräfte zwischen dem Schließelement 6 und dem Permanentmagneten 12 in der Verriegelungsposition ergibt sich eine äußerst wirksame Verriegelung, die nur in sehr aufwendiger Weise durch äußere Manipulationen aufgehoben werden kann.Due to the very strong attraction forces between the closing element 6 and the permanent magnet 12 in the locking position results in a very effective Lock, which can only be canceled in a very complex manner by external manipulation.

Wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 weiterhin dargestellt ist, kann auf der Innenseite der Tür 4 zusätzlich ein Querriegel 26 angeordnet sein, der an seinem dem Magneten 12 zugewandten Ende mit einem dritten Magneten 28 versehen ist, der in der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Verriegelungsposition vom Feld des stabförmigen Permanentmagneten 12 abgestoßen wird und den Querriegel entgegen der Wirkung einer Zugfeder 30 vom Permanentmagneten 12 weg in die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Verriegelungsposition bewegt, in der das zweite Ende des Querriegels 26 in eine zugehörige Wandaufnahme 32 eingreift, um einen zusätzlichen Schutz gegen ein Aushebeln der Tür 4 zu bieten.As in the FIGS. 1 and 2 Furthermore, it can be arranged on the inside of the door 4 in addition a cross bar 26 which is provided at its end facing the magnet 12 with a third magnet 28 which in the in Fig. 1 shown locking position is repelled from the field of the rod-shaped permanent magnet 12 and the crossbar against the action of a tension spring 30 from the permanent magnet 12 away in the in Fig. 1 shown locked position in which engages the second end of the crossbar 26 in an associated wall receptacle 32, to provide additional protection against levering the door 4.

Bei der in Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Schließelement 6 als Schließbolzen 34 ausgebildet, der in einer zugehörigen Führung 8 im Rahmen 2 geführt ist und durch eine Zugfeder 36 und einen nicht näher gezeigten Permanentmagneten in Richtung des Pfeils 38 von der Tür 4 weggedrängt wird.At the in Fig. 3 and 4 illustrated embodiment of the invention, the closing element 6 is formed as a locking pin 34 which is guided in an associated guide 8 in the frame 2 and is urged away by a tension spring 36 and a permanent magnet not shown in the direction of the arrow 38 of the door 4.

Das andere Ende des bolzenförmigen Schließelements 34 ist von seiner Form her einer in der Tür 4 oder im Gehäuse 14 des Magneten 12 gebildeten Ausnehmung 20 angepasst, in die das Ende formschlüssig eingreift, wenn das bolzenförmige Schließelement 34 nach Verdrehen des Magneten 12 durch die Magnetkräfte in Richtung des Pfeils 40 aus der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Freigabeposition in die in Fig. 3 gezeigte Schließposition bewegt wird.The other end of the bolt-shaped closure member 34 is adapted in shape of a formed in the door 4 or in the housing 14 of the magnet 12 recess 20 into which the end engages positively when the bolt-shaped closure member 34 after rotation of the magnet 12 by the magnetic forces in Direction of the arrow 40 from the in Fig. 4 shown release position in the in Fig. 3 shown closed position is moved.

Wie weiterhin der Darstellung von Fig. 5 und 6 entnommen werden kann, erfolgt das Verdrehen des Magneten 12 bei den zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 1 bis 4 der Erfindung durch einen bekannten drehbaren rosettenförmigen Schutzbeschlag 42, der beispielsweise im deutschen Gebrauchsmuster G 93 17 012 des Anmelders beschrieben ist. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung ist das auf der Außenseite der Tür 4 angeordnete becherförmige verdrehbare Außenteil 44, welches über eine in den Figuren 5 und 6 schematisch angedeutete Anordnung von Trennstiften 46 gegenüber einem fest mit der Tür 4 verbundenen Innenteil 48 mit einem geeigneten Schlüssel verriegelbar und entriegelbar ist, in seinem Drehzentrum mit einer Welle 50 drehsteif mit dem Magneten 12 verbunden, die vorzugsweise im Drehzentrum des Magneten 12 angreift.As continues the presentation of FIGS. 5 and 6 can be removed, the rotation of the magnet 12 takes place in the embodiments described above after the FIGS. 1 to 4 the invention by a known rotatable rosette-shaped protective fitting 42, which is described for example in German Utility Model G 93 17 012 of the applicant. In this embodiment, the closure device according to the invention is arranged on the outside of the door 4 cup-shaped rotatable outer part 44, which has a in the FIGS. 5 and 6 schematically indicated arrangement of separating pins 46 against a fixed to the door 4th Connected inner part 48 can be locked and unlocked with a suitable key, in its center of rotation with a shaft 50 torsionally rigidly connected to the magnet 12, which preferably engages in the center of rotation of the magnet 12.

Der rosettenförmige Schutzbeschlag 42 ist in Fig. 5 und 6 nur schematisch wiedergegeben, und in seinen Einzelheiten aus der obengenannten Gebrauchsmusterschrift bekannt. Die in den Figuren 5 und 6 dargestellte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besitzt einen sehr kompakten und robusten Aufbau, und bietet aufgrund der sehr großen Anzahl von Codierungsmöglichkeiten des rosettenförmigen Schutzbeschlages 42 eine sehr gute Schutzwirkung.The rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 is in FIGS. 5 and 6 reproduced only schematically, and in its details from the aforementioned utility model known. The in the FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrated embodiment of the invention has a very compact and robust construction, and offers due to the very large number of coding options of the rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 a very good protection.

Die in den Figuren dargestellte Stellung des Magneten 12 innerhalb des Gehäuses 14 für die Freigabe und die Verriegelung ist nur beispielhaft und kann gewünschtenfalls in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Anforderungen an den Verstellweg durch eine entsprechende Polarisierung des Magneten verändert werden. So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, eine Quadrupol-Magneten zu verwenden, um eine entsprechende Verringerung des Verdrehwinkels zwischen der Verriegelungsposition und der Freigabeposition zu erhalten.The position of the magnet 12 shown in the figures within the housing 14 for the release and the locking is only an example and may, if desired, be changed depending on the respective requirements of the adjustment by a corresponding polarization of the magnet. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, to use a quadrupole magnet in order to obtain a corresponding reduction in the angle of rotation between the locking position and the release position.

Gemäss einer weiteren in Fig. 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind ein oder vorzugsweise auch mehrere stabförmige Magnete 12 im Bereich der Türkante angeordnet, wobei sich die Längsachse der Permanentmagnete 12 im Wesentlichen parallel zur Türkante erstreckt.According to another in Fig. 7 illustrated embodiment of the invention, one or preferably a plurality of rod-shaped magnets 12 are arranged in the region of the door edge, wherein the longitudinal axis of the permanent magnets 12 extends substantially parallel to the door edge.

Wie der Darstellung von Fig. 7 weiterhin entnommen werden kann, sind die Magnete 12 über entsprechende Wellen 52 miteinander gekoppelt, und werden über bekannte Winkelgetriebe 54 angetrieben, die bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 7 als Kegelradgetriebe ausgebildet sind.Like the presentation of Fig. 7 can be removed, the magnets 12 are coupled together via corresponding shafts 52, and are driven by known angular gear 54, which in the embodiment of Fig. 7 are formed as bevel gear.

Zusätzlich zu den sich in vertikaler Richtung erstreckende Magneten 12 können ein oder mehrere sich in horizontaler Richtung erstreckende Magnete 12 im Bereich der oberen Kante 56 angeordnet sein, die in gleicher Weise wie die übrigen Magnete mit einem oder mehreren Schließelementen 6 zusammenwirken, welche in schematisch dargestellten Führungen 8 beweglich aufgenommen sind, und je nach Drehstellung der Magnete 12 in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise entgegen einer Rückstellkraft, die z.B. von weiteren Permanentmagneten 22 erzeugt wird, angezogen werden, um die Tür 4 zu verriegeln.In addition to the vertically extending magnets 12, one or more horizontally extending magnets 12 may be in the region of the upper ones Edge 56 may be arranged, which cooperate in the same way as the other magnets with one or more closing elements 6, which are movably received in schematically illustrated guides 8, and depending on the rotational position of the magnets 12 in the manner described above against a restoring force, for example further permanent magnet 22 is generated, are tightened to lock the door 4.

Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Drehung der Permanentmagnete 12 aus der Freigabeposition in die Verriegelungsposition vorzugsweise durch einen rosettenförmigen Schutzbeschlag 42 erzeugt.Also in this embodiment of the invention, the rotation of the permanent magnets 12 from the release position to the locking position is preferably generated by a rosette-shaped protective fitting 42.

Die Schließelemente 6 sind bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorzugsweise als durchgehende Schließbleche ausgestaltet, an denen in vorteilhafter Weise ein sich über die gesamte Länge eines Schließelements 6 hinweg erstreckendes Dichtungselement befestigt ist, welches jedoch in Fig. 7 aus darstellungstechnischen Gründen nicht mit eingezeichnet ist.In this embodiment of the invention, the closing elements 6 are preferably designed as continuous closing plates, on which a sealing element extending over the entire length of a closing element 6 is advantageously fastened, which, however, is secured in Fig. 7 for illustration technical reasons is not marked with.

Wie der Querschnittsansicht der Auskhrungsform von Fig. 7 in den Figuren 8 und 9 entnommen werden kann, greift das sich über die gesamte Länge der Tür oder zumindest über einen Abschnitt derselben hinweg erstreckende Schließelement 6 in der in Fig. 8 gezeigten Verriegelungsstellung mit entsprechenden nasenförmigen Vorsprüngen 58 in eine entsprechend ausgestaltete längsnutartige Ausnehmung 60 in der Tür 4 ein, und bildet hierdurch in der Verriegelungsposition eine formschlüssige Verbindung über die gesamte Länge der Türkante hinweg.As the cross-sectional view of Auskhrungsform of Fig. 7 in the FIGS. 8 and 9 can be removed, engages over the entire length of the door or at least over a portion of the same time extending closing element 6 in the in Fig. 8 shown locking position with corresponding nose-shaped projections 58 in a correspondingly designed längsnutartige recess 60 in the door 4, and thereby forms in the locking position a positive connection over the entire length of the door edge away.

In der in Fig. 9 dargestellten Freigabeposition wird das Schließelement 6 in Abweichung von der Darstellung von Fig. 7 zusätzlich durch federelastische Mittel in Form einer Zugfeder 36 in den Türrahmen 2 hineingezogen.In the in Fig. 9 shown release position, the closing element 6 in deviation from the representation of Fig. 7 additionally pulled by resilient means in the form of a tension spring 36 in the door frame 2.

Wie der Darstellung der Figuren 8 und 9 entnommen werden kann, ist der Permanentmagnet 12 bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung ebenfalls in einem Gehäuse 14 untergebracht, welches in eine entsprechend ausgeformte Tasche im Bereich der Türkante eingesetzt sein kann, und sich vorzugsweise über die gesamte Länge jedes einzelnen Magneten 12 hinweg erstreckt.As the representation of FIGS. 8 and 9 can be removed, the permanent magnet 12 is also housed in this embodiment of the invention in a housing 14, which in a correspondingly shaped pocket in the area the door edge may be inserted, and preferably extends over the entire length of each magnet 12 away.

Um eine selbstständige Verriegelung der in den Figuren 7 bis 9 beschriebenen Tür zu erhalten, ist in der Tür vorzugsweise im Bereich der Türkante ein Selbstverriegelungsmechanismus 62 angeordnet, der eine Zahnstange 64 umfasst, die in einer nicht näher bezeichneten Führung in Richtung des Doppelpfeils 66 verfahrbar ist.To a self-locking in the FIGS. 7 to 9 a self-locking mechanism 62 is arranged in the door preferably in the region of the door edge, which comprises a rack 64 which is movable in an unspecified guide in the direction of the double arrow 66.

Die Zahnstange 64 ist mit einem Ritzel oder Zahnrad 68 in Zahneingriff, welches drehfest mit einer der Wellen 52 oder aber direkt mit dem in Fig. 10 schematisch in gestrichelten Linien eingezeichneten Magneten 12 gekoppelt ist.The rack 64 is meshed with a pinion or gear 68 which rotatably with one of the shafts 52 or directly with the in Fig. 10 schematically drawn in dashed lines magnet 12 is coupled.

Das dem Türrahmen 2 nahe Ende der Zahnstange 64 ist vorzugsweise mit einem dritten Permanentmagneten 70 verbunden, der bei geschlossener Tür 4 durch die Wechselwirkung mit dem Schließelement 6, oder mit einem entsprechenden magnetisierbaren Teil des Türrahmens 2 in Richtung zum Schließelement 6 oder Türrahmen 2 hin bewegt wird, und hierdurch das Zahnrad 68 in Drehung versetzt, welches seinerseits wiederum den Magneten 12 aus der Freigabeposition in die Schließposition verdreht.The door frame 2 near the end of the rack 64 is preferably connected to a third permanent magnet 70 which moves with the door closed 4 by the interaction with the closing element 6, or with a corresponding magnetizable part of the door frame 2 in the direction of the closing element 6 or door frame 2 , and thereby the gear 68 is rotated, which in turn rotates the magnet 12 from the release position to the closed position.

Um die hierdurch entstehende Verriegelung der Tür anschließend wieder aufzuheben, wird der Magnet 12 anschließend über das zugehörige Getriebe 54 und die Betätigungseinrichtung in die Freigabeposition zurückgedreht, was beim Einsatz eines rosettenförmigen Schutzbeschlages 42 in der Regel nur mit Hilfe des zugehörigen Schlüssels erfolgen kann.In order to subsequently cancel the resulting locking of the door again, the magnet 12 is then rotated back over the associated gear 54 and the actuator in the release position, which can be done when using a rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 usually only with the help of the associated key.

Um eine freie Drehung des Zahnrades 68 bei gesperrtem Betätigungselement oder Schutzbeschlag 42 zu ermöglichen, kann das Getriebe oder aber auch der rosettenförmige Schutzbeschlag 42 mit einem entsprechend ausgestalteten Freilauf oder einer Einwegkupplung versehen sein, die in den Zeichnungen aus darstellungstechnischen Gründen nicht näher dargestellt ist.In order to allow a free rotation of the gear 68 with locked actuator or protective fitting 42, the transmission or even the rosette-shaped protective fitting 42 may be provided with a suitably designed freewheel or a one-way clutch, which is not shown in the drawings for illustrative reasons.

Gemäss der in Fig. 11 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Schließelement 6 bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 7 einen mit einem T-förmigen Kopf 72 versehenen Endabschnitt auf, der in der Verriegelungsstellung des Magneten 12 in eine nutförmige oder taschenförmige Ausnehmung 74 eingreift, welche im Magneten 12, bzw. in einem mit dem Magneten 12 drehfest verbundenen Abschnitt 76 aus gehärtetem Material eingreift, um eine zusätzliche mechanische Verriegelung der Tür 4 in der Verriegelungsstellung des Magneten zu gewährleisten.According to the in Fig. 11 illustrated embodiment of the invention, the closing element 6 in the embodiment of Fig. 7 a provided with a T-shaped head 72 end portion which engages in the locking position of the magnet 12 in a groove-shaped or pocket-shaped recess 74 which engages in the magnet 12, or in a non-rotatably connected to the magnet 12 portion 76 of hardened material, to ensure additional mechanical locking of the door 4 in the locking position of the magnet.

Schließlich kann gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, die schematisch in Fig. 4 angedeutet ist, um den Permanentmagneten 12 herum eine elektrische Spule 80 gebildet sein, deren Spulenwindungen in der Weise ausgerichtet sind, dass das entstehende Magnetfeld in Abhängigkeit von der Richtung des die Spule 80 durchfließenden elektrischen Stromes den Permanentmagneten 12 aus der Verriegelungsposition in die Freigabeposition und zurück verdreht. Die Spule 80 ist aus darstellungstechnischen Gründen lediglich in Fig. 4 eingezeichnet. Durch die Spule ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, die erfindungsgemäße Schließeinrichtung 1 mit einer elektrisch gesteuerten Notverriegelung oder Notentriegelung zu versehen, die beispielsweise im Brandfalle ein zentrales Öffnen sämtlicher Notfluchttüren eines Gebäudes ermöglicht.Finally, according to another embodiment of the invention, which is schematically illustrated in FIG Fig. 4 is indicated, around the permanent magnet 12 around an electrical coil 80 may be formed, the coil windings are aligned in such a way that the resulting magnetic field depending on the direction of the coil 80 through the electric current, the permanent magnet 12 from the locking position to the release position and back twisted. The coil 80 is for illustrative reasons only in Fig. 4 located. As a result of the coil, it is possible to provide the locking device 1 according to the invention with an electrically controlled emergency lock or emergency release, which, for example, enables central opening of all emergency escape doors of a building in the event of fire.

Liste der BezugszeichenList of reference numbers

11
Erfindungsgemäße SchließeinrichtungInventive locking device
22
Rahmenframe
44
Türdoor
66
Schließelementclosing element
88th
Führungguide
1010
Pfeilarrow
1212
Permanentmagnetpermanent magnet
1414
Gehäuse des PermanentmagnetenHousing of the permanent magnet
1616
nichtmagnetische Bereichenon-magnetic areas
1818
Vorsprünge an SchließelementProjections on closing element
2020
Nuten/AusnehmungenGrooves / recesses
2222
weitere Permanentmagnetefurther permanent magnets
2424
Türfalzdoor rebate
2626
Querriegelcrossbars
2828
weiterer Magnetanother magnet
3030
Zugfedermainspring
3232
Wandaufnahme für QuerriegelWall mount for crossbar
3434
bolzenförmiges Schließelementbolt-shaped closing element
3636
Zugfedermainspring
3838
Pfeil in Fig. 4 Arrow in Fig. 4
4040
Pfeil in Fig. 3 Arrow in Fig. 3
4242
rosettenförmiger Schutzbeschlagrosette-shaped protective fitting
4444
becherförmiges verdrehbares Außenteilcup-shaped rotatable outer part
4646
Anordnung von TrennstiftenArrangement of separating pins
4848
Innenteilinner part
5050
Wellewave
5252
Wellenwaves
5454
Winkelgetriebeangle gear
5656
obere Kante der Türupper edge of the door
5858
nasenförmiger Vorsprungnose-shaped projection
6060
längsnutenartige Ausnehmunglongitudinal groove-like recess
6262
SelbstverriegelungsmechanismusSelf locking mechanism
6464
Zahnstangerack
6666
Doppelpfeildouble arrow
6868
Zahnradgear
7070
dritter Permanentmagnetthird permanent magnet
7272
T-förmiger KopfT-shaped head
7474
taschenförmige Ausnehmungpocket-shaped recess
7676
Abschnitt aus gehärtetem MaterialSection of hardened material
8080
stromdurchflossene Spulecurrent-carrying coil

Claims (21)

  1. Magneto-mechanical locking device (1) for locking a door (4) that can be displaced in relation to a stationary frame (2), comprising a locking arrangement (6, 22) that can be disposed on frame (2) with a locking element (6) produced from a magnetisable material and a housing (14) mounted on door (4) accommodating a rotatable permanent magnet (12) that can be rotated in the attached condition from a first release position, in which there is substantially no magnetic force effect on the locking element (6), to a second locking position, in which the locking element (6) is attracted by the magnetic force effect of the permanent magnet (12) to lock the door (4), whereby the locking arrangement (6, 22) has other permanent magnets (22) which, in the attached condition, are arranged on door frame (2) on the side of the locking element (6) away from the door (4), namely the back side, and which produce a reduced magnetic effect compared with the permanent magnet (12) in the locking position and repel the locking element (6) in the release position, overriding the locking effect on the door (4).
  2. Locking device in accordance with claim 1,
    characterised in that
    projections (18, 58) are formed on the locking element (6) which, in the locking position, engage in corresponding recesses (20, 60) in door (4) to create an interlocking engagement.
  3. Locking device in accordance with claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the projections (18, 58) are formed as pins or tabs which engage in corresponding holes or grooves in door (4).
  4. Locking device in accordance with one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    said locking element (6) is formed by a striking plate displaceable relative to frame (2) and forming, in the locking position, an engagement locking door (4) a force-fitting or interlocking engagement with said permanent magnet which locks door (4).
  5. Locking device in accordance with one of claims I to 3,
    characterised in that
    said locking element (6) is formed by a locking bolt (34) which moves linearly to be accepted in a guide hole formed in frame (2).
  6. Locking device in accordance with one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    said locking element (6) is additionally forced away from door (4) by a spring-elastic device (36).
  7. Locking device in accordance with one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    said permanent magnet (12) is a substantially rod-shaped magnet polarised in a direction extending substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said magnet (12).
  8. Locking device in accordance with claim 7,
    characterised in that
    said rod-shaped magnet (12) is accommodated in a housing (14) substantially enclosed in a circumferential direction and produced from a magnetisable material.
  9. Locking device in accordance with claims 2 and 8,
    characterised in that
    said locking element (6) in the locking position engages in a recess (60) formed in housing (14) for the permanent magnet (12).
  10. Locking device in accordance with claims 8 or 9,
    characterised in that
    the permanent magnet (12) can rotate and is disposed in a cylindrical hole formed in housing (14).
  11. Locking device in accordance with one of claims 8 to 10,
    characterised in that
    in the attached condition the longitudinal axis of permanent magnet (12) extends substantially perpendicular to a plane of the door.
  12. Locking device in accordance with one of claims 7 to 11,
    characterised in that
    the operation of the permanent magnet (12) is achieved by means of a rotatable actuating element (42) engaging in the region of the centre of rotation of said permanent magnet (12).
  13. Locking device in accordance with claim 12,
    characterised in that
    the rotatable actuating element is formed by a knob on the external side of door (4) and/or by a protective fitting (42) and/or by an electromechanically lockable coupling and/or by a locking cylinder disposed on door (4).
  14. Locking device in accordance with claim 7,
    characterised in that
    in the attached condition the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped permanent magnet (12) runs substantially parallel to the edge of the door in a vertical or horizontal direction.
  15. Locking device in accordance with claim 14,
    characterised in that
    the operation of the permanent magnet (12) is achieved by means of a gear mechanism (54), in particular a bevel gear mechanism.
  16. Locking device in accordance with one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    two or more permanent magnets (12) are provided coupled to each other by shafts (52) that are fixed against rotation.
  17. Locking device in accordance with one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    a self-latching mechanism (62) is provided which rotates the permanent magnet (12) automatically from the release position into the locking position when door (4) is closed.
  18. Locking device in accordance with claim 17,
    characterised in that
    the self-latching mechanism (62) comprises a gear rack (64) disposed in the attached condition in the region of the door edge and displaceable relative to door (4), whereby said rack meshes with a gear wheel (68) coupled to permanent magnet (12) and, once door (4) has been closed, it is moved in the direction of the stationary frame (2) under the influence of a magnetic force, and, in the process, rotates permanent magnet (12) to the locking position.
  19. Locking device in accordance with claim 17,
    characterised in that
    the magnetic force is produced by a third permanent magnet (70) attached to gear rack (64), whereby said magnet interacts with the magnetisable locking element (6) and/or with a magnetisable part of the frame (2).
  20. Locking device in accordance with one of claims 8 to 19,
    characterised in that
    an electrical coil (80) is provided around permanent magnet (12) by means of which coil the permanent magnet (12) is rotated between the locking position and the release position depending on the direction of an electrical current flowing through the coil (80).
  21. Locking device in accordance with one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    in the attached condition a transverse bolt (26) accommodated on door (4) being displaceable in a transverse direction with respect to the door and interacting with said permanent magnet (12) such that said transverse bolt (26) is likewise moved to a locking position when said permanent magnet (12) is rotated from the release position to the locking position, as a result of a magnetic force effect.
EP04721833A 2003-03-19 2004-03-19 Magneto-mechanical locking device Expired - Lifetime EP1608830B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10312269 2003-03-19
DE10312269A DE10312269A1 (en) 2003-03-19 2003-03-19 Magneto-mechanical locking device
PCT/EP2004/002883 WO2004083578A1 (en) 2003-03-19 2004-03-19 Magneto-mechanical locking device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1608830A1 EP1608830A1 (en) 2005-12-28
EP1608830B1 true EP1608830B1 (en) 2009-10-21

Family

ID=32920970

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04721833A Expired - Lifetime EP1608830B1 (en) 2003-03-19 2004-03-19 Magneto-mechanical locking device

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7267378B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1608830B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100417784C (en)
AT (1) ATE446430T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2004221673A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2540421A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10312269A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004083578A1 (en)

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CA2540421A1 (en) 2004-09-30
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ATE446430T1 (en) 2009-11-15
EP1608830A1 (en) 2005-12-28
US7267378B2 (en) 2007-09-11
DE10312269A1 (en) 2004-09-30
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WO2004083578A1 (en) 2004-09-30
AU2004221673A1 (en) 2004-09-30

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