EP2493757A1 - Ruder für schiffe - Google Patents
Ruder für schiffeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2493757A1 EP2493757A1 EP10779491A EP10779491A EP2493757A1 EP 2493757 A1 EP2493757 A1 EP 2493757A1 EP 10779491 A EP10779491 A EP 10779491A EP 10779491 A EP10779491 A EP 10779491A EP 2493757 A1 EP2493757 A1 EP 2493757A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rudder
- kokerrohr
- hull
- bearing
- blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
- B63H25/38—Rudders
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rudder for ships according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a rudder comprises a rudder blade rotatably mounted on a hull, a rudder shank connected to the rudder blade, and a rudder box integrated into the hull and cantilevered on one side and extending into a recess of the rudder blade with a coker tube receiving the rudder stock.
- rudder for example, made of wrought iron Kokerrohr is connected to a ship's hull and extends in the manner of a Kragnatis from the hull in a designated recess of a rudder blade.
- the rudder shaft is guided, which connects the rudder blade with a rowing machine and is operated for rotating the rudder blade for the purpose of a course change, course correction or price stabilization in the operation of a ship.
- Object of the present invention is to provide a rudder for ships, which allows a recording of bending forces exclusively on the Kokerrohr, so that the rudder stock does not have to absorb bending forces.
- the rudder blade is mounted on the Kokerrohr via a lower bearing and an offset to the lower bearing along the Kokerrohr, upper bearing.
- the present invention provides for providing two outer bearings on the Kokerrohr, which support the rudder blade relative to the Kokerrohr.
- the bearings may in this case be designed as plain bearings which absorb only radial forces, ie as radial bearings, so that they introduce lateral bending forces acting on the rudder blade in the radial direction into the coker pipe and directly into the hull via the coker pipe. Due to the fact that the rudder blade is mounted on the coker tube via two axially staggered bearings, the rudder stock does not absorb any bending forces acting on the rudder blade.
- a storage of the rudder stock on Kokerrohr is not required and advantageously not provided to avoid overdetermined storage, so that the rudder stock is not supported on the hull of the manner of a Krag.s projecting Kokerrohr.
- the rudder stock is used solely to initiate a torsional force in the rudder blade to place the rudder blade. From Rudder blade and rudder shaft existing rudder assembly is exclusively on the camp, which act between the acting of the hull in the manner of a cantilever protruding Kokerrohr and the rudder blade, stored on the Kokerrohr.
- the storage is thus realized solely by Au JO, which support the rudder blade, so that the rudder stock itself is not stored directly on the Kokerrohr, but only indirectly via the rudder blade.
- the rudder stock Due to the fact that the rudder stock does not have to absorb any bending forces, the rudder stock can be made lighter and cheaper. This reduces on the one hand the manufacturing effort, and on the other hand, the arrangement is also in large ships with large rudder blades (which can weigh more than 100t) used, which are supported in operation in a reliable manner by the Kokerrohr. Furthermore, it is possible to make the corresponding rudder blades slimmer and thus more hydrodynamically favorable because the thickness of the bearings used can be reduced.
- the lower bearing is arranged at a lower end of the Kokerrohres and the upper bearing on Kokerrohr in the upper, the ship's hull-facing edge of the rudder blade to achieve the greatest possible distance between the lower bearing and the upper bearing and thus a favorable leverage to effect.
- the rudder stock is advantageously received in an inner bore of the Kokerrohres, the rudder stock, however, a sufficient game to Kokerrohr has, so that can not get into contact with the Kokerrohr in operation even with large loads of the rudder blade of the rudder stock.
- the coker tube may be conically shaped at least in sections such that its outer diameter increases towards the end connected to the ship's hull, wherein the inner diameter of the coker tube is substantially constant.
- the wall thickness of the Kokerrohres increases to the hull and is suitable to take even large bending forces and initiate into the hull.
- the Kokerrohr in the region of the lower bearing and the upper bearing each having a cylindrical bearing portion against which the lower bearing and the upper bearing and support the rudder blade relative to the Kokerrohr. If more than two bearings are provided, correspondingly cylindrically shaped bearing sections can be provided on the coker tube.
- the bearings which are arranged on the rudder blade during assembly and are attached to the coker tube together with the rudder blade are designed as closed rings, an assembly of the rudder blade on the coker tube is only by attaching the rudder blade from below onto the coker tube on the ship's hull possible.
- the example designed as radial plain bearing bearings as a split bearing such that the rudder blade are attached laterally to the Kokerrohr can and thus a simple lateral mounting of the rudder blade on the ship is possible.
- the bearings are thus not in the form of a closed ring, but can be divided into at least two halves (in this case forming) halves, which are joined together during assembly to form a closed ring and form the bearing in the assembled state.
- the upper bearing is advantageously designed as a shared bearing in this sense, to facilitate the assembly of this upper bearing at the top, the ship's hull facing area of the Kokerrohres.
- Conceivable is a rigid connection of the rudder stem parts with each other, but also a hinged coupling.
- the rudder length can be limited to a technologically favorable level: In a two-piece rudder stock then instead of a single long piece (which may have a length of more than 10m in large ships), two pieces each with half the length and then only connected with each other. This considerably facilitates the production of the rudder stock.
- the rudder stock can thus be not only thinner and therefore lighter than conventional formed by the storage of the rudder shaft and rudder blade rudder assembly on the rudder blade on the Kokerrohr - without direct support of the rudder shaft on Kokerrohr, but also in several parts composed of several pieces.
- the rudder trunk in addition to the manner of a Kragkons from the hull in the recess of the rudder blade extending lower Kokerrohres an upper Kokerrohr, which extends at least partially in the hull.
- the upper coker tube is in connection with the lower coker tube and serves to receive the rudder stock in the area of the ship's hull.
- this upper Kokerrohr may be at least partially made of plastic, such as a fiber-reinforced plastic composite produced. This is based on the knowledge that the upper Kokerrohr must at least partially absorb no large forces in the region of the hull and therefore may be made weaker.
- the upper Kokerrohr may therefore be made in sections of plastic, which still ensures sufficient power absorption with significant weight reduction and causes a sealing sheathing of the rudder stock in the area of the ship's hull.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a rudder of a ship
- Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway view of a rudder of a ship
- Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the rudder blade, the Kokerrohr and the
- FIG. 1 to 4 show a rudder 1 of a ship, in which a rudder blade 10 about a rotation axis D is rotatably arranged on a hull 2.
- the rudder blade 10 is in this case arranged in the flow direction in advance of the ship behind a rotatable about a propeller shaft 30 about a propeller shaft 3 propeller 3 and connected to a rudder stock 1 1, for turning the rudder blade 10, a torque in the rudder blade 10th initiates and thus the rudder blade 10 for the purpose of a course change, course correction or price stabilization.
- a rudder trunk 20 is provided for supporting the rudder blade 10 on the hull 2.
- the rudder trunk 20 is formed by a kind of Kragéess from the hull 2 protruding, in a recess 101 in the rudder blade 10 extending lower Kokerrohr 200 and an upper Kokerrohr 205 which receive the rudder stock 1 1 in an inner bore 204.
- the rudder blade 10 has in its interior a rib structure 103, which ensures the structural stability of the rudder blade 10.
- the recess 101 in the rudder blade 10 for receiving the Kokerrohres 200 is box-shaped, extending from the upper, the hull 2 facing side of the rudder blade 10 in the rudder blade 10 and is sealed by lateral, watertight welded ribs 102 to the interior of the rudder blade 10 back ,
- the rudder blade 10 may be wholly or partly made of steel or a plastic composite, in particular a fiber-reinforced composite.
- the rudder stock 1 1 is connected at its upper end with a rowing machine and at its lower end with the rudder blade 10.
- the rudder stock 1 1 has a lower cone-shaped end portion 1 1 1, which is arranged in a clamp 100 welded to the rudder blade 10 and forms a press bond with the block 100.
- a nut 1 13 is attached to a threaded end 1 12 of the rudder stock 1 1, which causes a pressing fit of the end portion 1 1 1 in the block 100.
- a thrust bearing 1 14 which sets the rudder stock 1 1 in the axial direction and the rudder blade 1 1 holds the rudder blade 10.
- the thrust bearing 1 14 is thereby received by the surrounding fixed ship structure 203 on the hull 2, as shown in Fig. 3.
- the thrust bearing 1 14 may also be integrated into an operating at the upper end of the rudder shaft rowing machine for actuating the rudder.
- the lower Kokerrohr 200 serves to support the rudder blade 10.
- a lower bearing 21 and an upper bearing 22 are provided in the sense of the present invention, via the rudder blade 10 at the coker tube 200 is mounted.
- the bearings 21, 22 are in this case designed as exclusively radial forces receiving plain bearings and support the rudder blade 10 in the radial direction relative to the Kokerrohr 200 from, but not in the axial direction along the axis of rotation D.
- the lower bearing 21 is arranged in the region of the lower end 200a of the Kokerrohres 200 and the upper bearing 22 in the region of the hull 2 facing upper edge of the rudder blade 10 at a connected to the hull 2 section 200b of Kokerrohres 200 (see FIG. 3).
- the rudder stock 1 1 does not have to absorb bending forces, but the bending forces are completely introduced via the bearings 21, 22 in the Kokerrohr 200 and this in the hull 2. Additional bearings for supporting the rudder stock 1 1 with respect to the lower Kokerrohr 200 are not provided.
- the coker tube 200 extending into the recess 101 is cone-shaped at least in sections and has an outer radius DA which increases towards the ship's hull 2, wherein cylindrical bearing sections 201 are formed in the region of the bearings 21, 22 , 202 are provided, over which the bearings 21, 22 are supported on Kokerrohr 200. Since the inner diameter DI of the bore 204 is substantially constant, the Kokerrohr 200 is amplified toward the hull 2 out and designed to be able to initiate bending forces in the hull 2 in an advantageous manner.
- the rudder stock 1 1 is arranged with play in the rudder trunk 20, wherein the rudder stock 1 1 can, for example, have a radial clearance of 10 to 50 mm to the coker pipe 200. It is essential here that during operation, even with large bending forces, it is prevented that the rudder stock 1 1 can come into contact with the coker pipe 200.
- the upper Kokerrohr 205 envelops the rudder stock 1 1 on its way through the hull 2.
- the upper Kokerrohr 205 serves here for a power and on the other hand the envelope, the forces acting in this area forces are much lower than in the region of the lower Kokerrohres 200th This allows the upper coker tube 205 to be made, at least in sections, of plastic, in particular a fiber-reinforced composite, so as to save weight, simplify manufacture and reduce costs.
- the upper Kokerrohr 205 may be formed in its upper portion of the length LK (see Fig. 3) made of plastic. The forces acting in this area are low, so that the requirements for the strength and strength of Kokerrohres 205 are reduced in this area.
- the idea underlying the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can in principle be realized even in completely different types of embodiments.
- the arrangement according to the invention can also be used with fin rudders, asymmetrical rudders twisted at the front edge (so-called "twisted rudders") and also with one-piece full-rudder booms.
- the rudder stock does not have to absorb any bending forces in the described arrangement makes it possible to dimension the rudder stock to a smaller extent in order to save material and weight, or to use other materials such as plastic composites for producing the rudder stock. Due to the fact that the rudder stock no longer has to absorb bending forces, it is also possible to construct the rudder stock in several parts in the axial direction, for example in two parts, whereby the individual rudder stock parts are interconnected by a coupling in such a way that the torsional forces to be transmitted via the rudder stock are introduced into the rudder can be.
- Conceivable is a rigid connection of the rudder stem parts with each other, but also a certain area articulated coupling, such as other well-known torque transmitting shafts.
- the rudder length can be limited to a technologically favorable level by making two pieces, each with half the length of a two-piece rudder stock instead of a single long piece (which may have a length of more than 10m in large vessels) and only then together be connected, which greatly simplifies the production of the rudder stock.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL10779491T PL2493757T3 (pl) | 2009-10-29 | 2010-10-28 | Ster dla statków |
HRP20180194TT HRP20180194T1 (hr) | 2009-10-29 | 2018-02-01 | Kormilo za brodove |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200910046162 DE102009046162A1 (de) | 2009-10-29 | 2009-10-29 | Ruder für Schiffe |
PCT/EP2010/066352 WO2011051388A1 (de) | 2009-10-29 | 2010-10-28 | Ruder für schiffe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2493757A1 true EP2493757A1 (de) | 2012-09-05 |
EP2493757B1 EP2493757B1 (de) | 2017-11-01 |
Family
ID=43558191
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10779491.9A Active EP2493757B1 (de) | 2009-10-29 | 2010-10-28 | Ruder für schiffe |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2493757B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102009046162A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK2493757T3 (de) |
HR (1) | HRP20180194T1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO2493757T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL2493757T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011051388A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014110383A1 (de) | 2014-04-01 | 2015-10-01 | Becker Marine Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Lager zum Lagern einer Welle, insbesondere eines Ruderschaftes, elektronische Lagerspielmessvorrichtung, Ruder umfassend ein Lager zum Lagern einer Welle und Verfahren zur Messung eines Verschleißes eines Lagers zum Lagern einer Welle |
CN115123448A (zh) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-09-30 | 上海船舶研究设计院(中国船舶工业集团公司第六0四研究院) | 新型船舶组合附体 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2555098B1 (de) | 1975-12-08 | 1977-03-03 | Becker Ingbuero W | Ruder, insbesondere balance-profilruder mit einer flosse, fuer wasserfahrzeuge |
KR20070003539A (ko) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-01-05 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 선박의 방향타 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR629844A (de) * | 1927-11-17 | |||
DE739412C (de) * | 1941-06-04 | 1943-09-24 | Georg Ostrop | Ruderlagerung fuer Binnenschiffe |
GB1409245A (en) * | 1971-09-13 | 1975-10-08 | Turnball Marine Design Co Ltd | Rudder arrangements for ships |
DE8708276U1 (de) * | 1987-06-12 | 1987-08-27 | Willi Becker Ingenieurbüro GmbH, 2000 Hamburg | Ruder, insbesondere Balance-Profilruder für Wasserfahrzeuge |
DE19949087C2 (de) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-08-02 | Gert Dallach | Ruderträger |
DE10208595A1 (de) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-11 | Alfred Dudszus | Aktiv-Ruderanlage |
DE202005013583U1 (de) * | 2005-06-30 | 2005-11-03 | Becker Marine Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ruderschaft für Ruder für Wasserfahrzeuge |
DE202007012480U1 (de) * | 2007-09-05 | 2007-11-29 | Becker Marine Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ruder für Schiffe |
-
2009
- 2009-10-29 DE DE200910046162 patent/DE102009046162A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-10-28 WO PCT/EP2010/066352 patent/WO2011051388A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-10-28 PL PL10779491T patent/PL2493757T3/pl unknown
- 2010-10-28 NO NO10779491A patent/NO2493757T3/no unknown
- 2010-10-28 DK DK10779491.9T patent/DK2493757T3/en active
- 2010-10-28 EP EP10779491.9A patent/EP2493757B1/de active Active
-
2018
- 2018-02-01 HR HRP20180194TT patent/HRP20180194T1/hr unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2555098B1 (de) | 1975-12-08 | 1977-03-03 | Becker Ingbuero W | Ruder, insbesondere balance-profilruder mit einer flosse, fuer wasserfahrzeuge |
KR20070003539A (ko) | 2006-03-10 | 2007-01-05 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 선박의 방향타 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2011051388A1 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK2493757T3 (en) | 2018-02-05 |
NO2493757T3 (de) | 2018-03-31 |
DE102009046162A1 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
HRP20180194T1 (hr) | 2018-03-09 |
WO2011051388A1 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
PL2493757T3 (pl) | 2018-06-29 |
EP2493757B1 (de) | 2017-11-01 |
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