EP2438270B1 - Anchoring bolt having an extruding piston - Google Patents

Anchoring bolt having an extruding piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2438270B1
EP2438270B1 EP10731783.6A EP10731783A EP2438270B1 EP 2438270 B1 EP2438270 B1 EP 2438270B1 EP 10731783 A EP10731783 A EP 10731783A EP 2438270 B1 EP2438270 B1 EP 2438270B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bolt
extruding piston
anchoring
wall
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10731783.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2438270A2 (en
Inventor
Markus Swoboda
Hans-Georg Beyer
Archibald Richter
Jan Petzold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Minova International Ltd
Original Assignee
Minova International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minova International Ltd filed Critical Minova International Ltd
Priority to PL10731783T priority Critical patent/PL2438270T3/pl
Publication of EP2438270A2 publication Critical patent/EP2438270A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2438270B1 publication Critical patent/EP2438270B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
    • E21D20/026—Cartridges; Grouting charges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anchoring bolt having an integrated anchoring compound and an extruding piston which acts on this anchoring compound and which, by way of a source of power, may be displaced along the inner wall of the bolt tube, starting from the bolt head and pressing the anchoring compound in the direction of a mixing head associated with the bolt tip.
  • Anchoring bolts are rock bolts which primarily serve to stabilise ground formations such as rock in the vicinity of ducts and passages and also tunnels.
  • a borehole is bored into the ground (such as rock) in a first operating step so that, after the end length has been achieved, a bolt tube having a continuous bolt tube bore can then be introduced into the borehole produced.
  • An anchoring compound preferably in the form of a multi-chamber adhesive cartridge, is inserted into this bolt tube bore, whereupon the anchoring compound is then pressed into the borehole through a static mixer arranged at the opposite end of the bolt tube by way of an extruding piston.
  • This static mixer is necessary to intensively mix the two components or multiple components of the anchoring compound together so that they then react with one another and harden and thus fix the bolt tube in the borehole so that the rock layers are thereby secured.
  • Serving as the extruding piston in DE 100 17 750 A1 or B4 is a simple plate which is loaded from outside the bolt tube by way of a so-called extruding mechanism so that the plate, pushing the anchoring compound in front of it, is moved through the bolt tube bore.
  • the bolt tube bore has a smooth wall. Otherwise, it would not be possible to displace the plate loading the anchoring compound without difficulty and, in particular, in sealing manner.
  • US 2006/0153645 A1 discloses a bolt tube in which an adhesive cartridge is arranged and is displaced inside the inner bore of the bolt tube by means of a piston.
  • This piston or extruding mechanism has, on the side wall, bead-like parts for sealing purposes and, at the front, a type of strut by way of which the piston is fixed to the bolt tip so that, after the extrusion of the cartridge, it does not lose its position and, if necessary, continues to seal the bolt tube.
  • This anchoring bolt is disadvantageous in that the extruding mechanism or the extruding piston can only function when the inner wall of the bolt tube bore is smooth.
  • the inner wall of the bolt tube has groove-shaped indentations particularly as a result of the application of the strongly groove-shaped outer profile and where the extruding piston has a support body made of a hard material adapted to the source of power, it is advantageous to provide a sealing part, which is associated with the support body and designed to conform to the inner wall and to promote a "screwing in” of the extruding piston into the bolt tube with the groove-shaped indentations and thereby produce both a sealing and guide function.
  • an anchoring bolt of this type By means of an anchoring bolt of this type, it is for the first time possible - even with a profiled inner wall of the bolt tube - to ensure that the extruding piston used actually presses all of the adhesive material reliably through the static mixer or other mixer into the borehole.
  • the precisely measured quantity of adhesive is available to fill the cavity between the bolt rod and the borehole wall and thus fix the anchoring bolt or bolt tube effectively in the rock.
  • the extruding piston itself has a sufficiently stable support body, which either absorbs the force of a mechanical plunger and transmits it to the anchoring compound, or which is loaded by hydraulic fluid or compressed air so that it moves reliably along the inner wall of the bolt tube and pushes the anchoring compound in front of it, whereupon the sealing part having a large sealing face always ensures that adhesive does not push past the seal into the cavity located behind it.
  • the large sealing face is produced in that the sealing part forms a sealing face which is sufficient to push all of the adhesive material in the direction of the mixing head by means of the extruding piston.
  • the particular construction of the sealing part ensures that, even with a pronounced inner profiling, the necessary sealing face by way of which the extruding piston has the continuously even contact pressure against the inner wall is always available.
  • this sealing face which is produced or provided by the sealing part, should be, for example, at least somewhat wider than the width of a profile thread.
  • the particular construction of the sealing part results in a screwing-in procedure which ensures that the entire extruding piston is always reliably guided along this rippled inner wall and thereby has a perfect sealing action so that all the adhesive is also pressed effectively into the specified region on the rock or in the rock.
  • the extruding piston is provided for the extruding piston to be constructed as a tubular piston designed in the shape of a hat, to be introduced into the bolt tube with its piston base pointing towards the adhesive cartridge or anchoring compound and to be formed with its guide and sealing rim, which serves as a sealing part, abutting tightly against the inner wall of the bolt tube with the groove-shaped indentations, sealing against them and guiding the extruding piston.
  • the particular form of the extruding piston ensures that the pressure exerted on it also actually results in the piston moving smoothly along the inner wall of the bolt tube, thereby pressing, as it were, into the groove-shaped indentations and thereby guiding itself and thereby pushing all of the adhesive material in front of it.
  • the adhesive cartridge opens or is split open on the opposite side so that the adhesive material can exit and move into the static mixer.
  • the description shows that the hat-shaped tubular piston also moves smoothly past the inner wall of the bolt tube because the seal or sealing rim at the same time acts as a guide ring.
  • the extruding piston is constructed in one or more parts.
  • the extruding piston has a length which already substantially prevents canting, wherein this canting is further prevented in that this extruding piston is equipped with the guide means described, relating to the sealing rim.
  • the extruding piston has one, two or more guide and sealing rims which are arranged at a spacing from one another and are capable of a limited flexibility.
  • the result of this is that the extruding piston is not only sealed and, at the same time, guided at one point, but instead at several points, wherein it is advantageous if a further guide and sealing rim is present at least at the head of the extruding piston and at the end facing the bolt head.
  • One or more such rims are again advantageously present between these so that an even sealing and guidance is produced overall.
  • the invention provides for a guide element with finger-like, resilient side elements to be associated with the extruding piston or multiple piston arrangement and to be integrally formed with its base on the side of the piston base, to be detachably connected thereto or to be present as a single part.
  • This guide element therefore runs in front of the actual extruding piston, receives the end of the adhesive cartridge and thus ensures that the job allocated to it is also carried out optimally. It should be noted here that, at the same time, the sealing effect is thereby also made constant because this guide element ensures that the extruding piston is centred centrally in the bolt tube.
  • the guide element is intended to have guiding properties, as already shown in the text, it is advantageous if the guide element is designed like a basket and is constructed with resilient side elements which are fixed to its base and have an end-face, outwardly pointing turned-up edge forming a scraper ring.
  • the resilient side elements ensure that the guide element lies practically around the end of the adhesive cartridge and is thereby also centred at the same time, whilst the side elements having the turned-up edge not only ensure this centring but at the same time also ensure that the guide element is also supported on the inner wall of the bolt tube and therefore slides along the inner wall.
  • the adhesive material or the anchoring compound comprises a single-chamber or multi-chamber cartridge or else a direct column, so that it is very advantageous if the extruding piston may be adapted to this particular construction of the anchoring compound.
  • This is effected in that the support body is constructed such that it may be equipped with sealing parts of different materials, in particular with regard to their hardness.
  • the sealing part is then virtually pulled over the support body and can therefore be readily exchanged if the conditions of use with regard to the anchoring compound were to change.
  • the invention provides for the support body to be designed like a thimble with an approximately perpendicular annular wall, onto the closed piston base of which a sealing part designed like a hat can be pushed or slipped.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the sealing part, when pushed through the bolt tube, also deforms automatically so that it can adapt particularly well to the inner wall of the bolt tube. Part of the sealing material can be pushed somewhat away from the piston base, namely as a result of a corresponding load, so that additional sealing beads are produced.
  • the multiple support, described above, of the extruding piston against the inner wall can also be achieved in that the sealing part has an outer surface in the region of the annular wall, which outer surface is equipped with lamellas arranged at a spacing. This is advantageous in that, even with short lengths of an extruding piston of this type, it is already possible to achieve even sealing and guidance.
  • the sealing part has a balloon-like outer surface and/or a deformable coating.
  • a relatively large mass can push along the inner wall and move into the thread so that, even with complicated inner walls of this type, the necessary sealing action can always be ensured.
  • the support body with its sealing part is constructed such that it may be combined with a seating adapter for a bolt-rotating and extruding device, which seating adapter may be fixed to the bolt head of the bolt tube and projects into the bolt tube, and is preferably detachably connected by way of a predetermined breaking point.
  • This seating adapter enables the necessary connection with the bolt-rotating and extruding device, wherein this should be expediently constructed so that there are no leaks and instead the corresponding pressure force is reliably effected right into the support body of the extruding piston.
  • the extruding piston moves through the bolt tube in the direction of the mixing head or static mixer.
  • the said predetermined breaking point is advantageous.
  • both the extruding piston and, at the same time, the seating adapter can be brought into the starting position, wherein the predetermined breaking point yields under an appropriately high pressure so that the seating adapter is then fixed and the support body or the extruding piston can move along the inner wall as described above.
  • the seating adapter is inserted into the bolt tube with the extruding piston or alone, it is advantageous if it has an outer wall with longitudinal grooves and spacer webs or with an external thread corresponding to the internal thread of the bolt tube.
  • the seating adapter is rotated practically into the bolt tube, which results in it having a secure seat and, also with the extruding piston arranged in front, ensures that the necessary pressure builds up in the bolt tube for the extruding piston to be pressed against the adhesive cartridge.
  • the seating adapter equipped with a square or polygonal socket, an oval or a circular socket to have, at the end facing the bolt head, a support ring which may be combined with a sealing ring and which is dimensioned such that it is supported on the bolt tube wall, wherein the sealing ring is designed such that it may be pushed or clamped onto the support ring.
  • the polygonal or square socket in the seating adapter then acts as a guide and, at the same time, also ensures that the support ring combined with the sealing ring can ensure that the pressure medium, preferably the hydraulic fluid, acts effectively on the extruding piston and ensures that this moves smoothly along the inner wall towards the adhesive cartridge and influences this accordingly.
  • the seating adapter is generally already delivered with a sealing ring pushed onto the support ring, so that it is then ensured that, upon further assembly, this sealing ring also results in the desired successful sealing action. It can also be pushed or clamped on for the first time during the final assembly procedure.
  • the single- or multi-part extruding piston is designed to form a structural unit with one or more sealing parts and, to this end, is preferably made from elastomers or a resiliently acting material.
  • the extruding piston can then be made available to the respective workman in a complete construction so that it is also ensured that, upon assembly, both parts are then in effective and full working order.
  • This structural unit is then pushed into the bolt tube and acted upon accordingly with pressure or the like so that the extrusion of the adhesive can be carried out evenly and reliably.
  • the invention is particularly notable in that, first of all, an extruding piston is produced which is also really worthy of this name.
  • the extruding piston as a result of the thimble-like construction of the support body or as a result of some other design thereof, is optimally suitable to absorb the applied compressed air or compressed fluid applied and thereby to ensure that it moves smoothly along the inner wall.
  • a correspondingly formed support body with a pushed-on sealing part or integrally formed sealing part provides a very advantageously large sealing face, thus ensuring that, upon displacement of the extruding piston along the inner wall of the bolt tube, the adhesive is also effectively and completely pressed out of the bolt tube without the adhesive being able to move along the seal or along the sealing part.
  • the extruding piston can be provided with a sealing part constructed according to the conditions, so that an optimally constructed extruding piston can be provided in each case.
  • An extruding piston of this type can be employed both when using adhesive cartridges, preferably multi-chamber cartridges, and with other anchoring compounds, so that, already owing to the versatility of such an extruding piston, considerable advantages over the prior art are evident.
  • sealing parts arranged one after another, here ensure both the necessary sealing action and also a smooth guidance of the extruding piston, so that this also moves smoothly when there are corresponding irregularities and when there is an internal thread, and ensures that the adhesive is also actually and exclusively pressed in the direction of the static mixer.
  • a guide element is arranged in front of the actual extruding piston, which guide element has resilient side elements and a turned-up edge so that precise mounting and holding of the adhesive cartridge and smooth guidance along the inner wall of the bolt tube is produced.
  • a seating adapter is expediently associated with the bolt head or is pushed into the end of the inner bore, wherein this seating adapter ensures an even and secure connection of the bolt-rotating and extruding device and, at the same time, a sealing action in this connecting region.
  • FIG. 1 shows an anchoring bolt 1 in section.
  • the anchoring bolt 1 has a bolt tube 2 with its inner-lying bolt tube bore 3.
  • the anchoring bolt 1 has a proximal end at which there is a bolt head 28 and a distal end at which there is a bolt tip 27 are shown.
  • the bolt tube 2 is profiled on the outside. This profile 7 is provided to improve the adhesion of the adhesive on the steel wall.
  • the inner wall 4 of the bolt tube 2 is not smooth but, as is conventional today, instead has an internal thread 22 which, when the profile 7 is produced on the outer wall, is practically automatically generated with it.
  • This internal thread 22 produces indentations 79,80 which render the previously-known extruding pistons unusable.
  • the anchoring compound 5, here in the form of a multiple adhesive cartridge arrangement 6, should be squeezed or pressed out effectively from the bolt head 28 in the direction of the deepest part of the borehole by way of this extruding piston 8.
  • Part 5a in Figure 5 denotes a second component in an adhesive cartridge 6, which is mixed intensively in the static mixer 61 when the adhesive material is pushed out.
  • the extruding piston 8 is reproduced in simplified form, wherein only the insertion end 42 forms a type of hat here.
  • a construction of the extruding piston 8 is reproduced more clearly in Figure 2 , wherein a plurality of extruding pistons 8, 8' , 8" are pushed inside one another here for the sake of simplicity.
  • a multiple piston arrangement 70 of this type has a plurality of guide and sealing rims 77,77a,77b.
  • the extruding piston 8 (only schematically reproduced here) also has a plurality of such guide and sealing rims 77,77a,77b.
  • the extruding piston 8 is pressed through along the inner wall 4 of the bolt tube 2 by way of a source of power (not illustrated here), wherein it moves into the bolt tube 2, rotating in some respect and aided by the specially designed guide and sealing rims 77, 77a, 77b.
  • a guide element 71 is arranged in front of the extruding piston 8, as shown in Figure 1 .
  • This guide element 71 (illustrated in Figure 4 ) is placed with its base 72 on the piston base 12 of the extruding piston 8 and can also expediently be detachably connected thereto.
  • This guide element 71 has a plurality of side elements 73, 74 which form a turned-up edge 75 at the end face for scraping inner wall 4 and in order to thus improve the guidance of this guide element 71 for the extruding piston 8.
  • the adhesive cartridge 6 with its anchoring compound 5 is held reliably and it is ensured that the adhesive cartridge 6 is moved in the direction of the static mixer 61.
  • a plain washer (not shown further here) holds the casing of the adhesive cartridge 6 securely and ensures reliable opening of the entire adhesive cartridge 6, because the washer is pressed down from the lower end of the adhesive cartridge 6.
  • the borehole-side end of the bolt tube 2 is denoted by 14 and shows the mixing head constructed there, which ensures that the exiting material of the anchoring compound 5 is pressed reliably into the borehole 44.
  • the bolt tube wall 69 does not end with the rock 47 but projects beyond it to then enable the connection of the source of power.
  • the rock 47 is secured by the sheathing 46 (which is merely indicated).
  • the indentations 79, 80 i.e. the so-called internal thread 22, extend over the entire length of the inner wall 4.
  • the seating adapter 29 which is to be seated at the top of the outer edge of the bolt tube wall 69 is advantageously equipped with an external thread 68 to seat it securely on the bolt head 28.
  • This external thread 68 advantageously extends over the entire guide part 59 of the seating adaptor 29, wherein the upper edge with the polygonal socket 32 is formed by a support ring 35 onto which a sealing ring 34 is pushed.
  • Figure 4a shows a further embodiment of guide element 71, which is likewise possible when using a material which is capable of a limited flexibility.
  • the guide element 71 formed as shown in Figure 4a also has the outer edge denoted as turned-up edge 75 here.
  • the guide element 71 having the side elements 73, 74, it can likewise guide the discharge piston 8 along the inner wall 4 without the risk of tilting or the like, even with the indentations 79, 80.
  • turned-up edge 75 engages indentations 79,80.
  • the extruding piston 8 can comprise a support body 9 and a sealing part 10 pushed onto support body 9.
  • the support body 9 is made of a material which enables compressed air or an alternative pressure fluid to be applied from the bolt head 28, such that the support body 9 preferably has a thimble-like form, as shown in Figure 5 .
  • the support body 9 has an approximately perpendicular annular wall 11 which ends in a piston base 12, which has a projecting edge 15.
  • the sealing part 10 is made of a yielding material, particularly rubber, and has a corresponding annular groove 16 such that when the sealing part 10 is pushed onto support body 9 (or vice versa), projecting edge 15 latches into annular groove 16 to fix sealing part 10 on the support body 9.
  • Figures 6 to 8 show different embodiments of the sealing part 10, wherein a type of annular bead 19, 20, which is optimally integrated in the respective indentation, is shown in Figures 6 and 7 .
  • a plurality of lamellas or flaps 24, 25 are provided, which, as mentioned, serve as guide and support rims 18.
  • Figure 10 shows a single-part embodiment of the seating adapter 29
  • Figure 9 shows a combined embodiment, wherein the seating adapter 29 is connected to the extruding piston 8 (indicated as 9,10) by way of a predetermined breaking point 31. Therefore, both form a type of tube piece 30, which can be divided by way of the predetermined breaking point 31.
  • a sealing ring 34 is pushed onto the support ring 35, whilst, Figure 10 only shows the support ring 35 which has the polygonal socket 32 which here forms a funnel 36.
  • the outer wall of the seating adapter 29 has a plurality of longitudinal grooves 37, 38 and spacer webs 39, 40 around it so that a correspondingly formed outer wall 41 is produced.
  • the seating adapter 29 shown in Figure 10 is particularly suitable for a smooth inner wall 4, but can also be used with an internal thread 22 under certain circumstances, although the embodiment according to Figure 3 is clearly better for this.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP10731783.6A 2009-06-04 2010-06-04 Anchoring bolt having an extruding piston Not-in-force EP2438270B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10731783T PL2438270T3 (pl) 2009-06-04 2010-06-04 Śruba kotwowa mająca tłok wyciskający

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009023886 2009-06-04
DE102010009106A DE102010009106A1 (de) 2009-06-04 2010-02-24 Klebanker mit integrierter Klebsäule und im Ankerrohr verschiebbarem Auspresskolben
PCT/GB2010/050945 WO2010140006A2 (en) 2009-06-04 2010-06-04 Nchoring bolt having an extruding piston

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2438270A2 EP2438270A2 (en) 2012-04-11
EP2438270B1 true EP2438270B1 (en) 2014-03-26

Family

ID=43049439

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10731783.6A Not-in-force EP2438270B1 (en) 2009-06-04 2010-06-04 Anchoring bolt having an extruding piston

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2438270B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102803654B (zh)
AU (1) AU2010255501B2 (zh)
CL (1) CL2011003061A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102010009106A1 (zh)
PL (1) PL2438270T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2010140006A2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011086614A1 (de) 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Gesteinsanker
CN110030025B (zh) * 2019-05-17 2024-01-30 东北大学 用于围岩大形变的自膨胀式管缝锚杆及其制备和使用方法
CN113187533B (zh) * 2021-05-10 2023-05-09 南通理工学院 一种大行程可回收液压让压锚杆

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19631039A1 (de) * 1996-08-01 1998-02-05 Reburg Patentverwertungs Gmbh Verfahren zum Setzen eines Gebirgsankers
JPH10169394A (ja) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-23 Tokyu Constr Co Ltd ロックボルトの定着方法及び先端キャップ
DE10017750B4 (de) 2000-04-10 2008-11-20 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Gebirgsanker
DE10017763B4 (de) * 2000-04-10 2008-11-20 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Gebirgsanker
US7338234B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2008-03-04 Dywidag-Systems International Pty Limited Rock bolt
AU2007203613A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2008-02-21 Minova Australia Pty Limited Resin Cartridge Insertion Method & Apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102803654B (zh) 2015-11-25
DE102010009106A1 (de) 2010-12-09
CN102803654A (zh) 2012-11-28
AU2010255501A1 (en) 2011-12-22
WO2010140006A2 (en) 2010-12-09
PL2438270T3 (pl) 2014-07-31
AU2010255501B2 (en) 2016-05-19
AU2010255501A8 (en) 2015-08-27
CL2011003061A1 (es) 2012-08-31
EP2438270A2 (en) 2012-04-11
WO2010140006A3 (en) 2011-05-12

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