EP2431700B1 - Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé - Google Patents

Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2431700B1
EP2431700B1 EP11007158.6A EP11007158A EP2431700B1 EP 2431700 B1 EP2431700 B1 EP 2431700B1 EP 11007158 A EP11007158 A EP 11007158A EP 2431700 B1 EP2431700 B1 EP 2431700B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
micro
cross
channels
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11007158.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2431700A3 (fr
EP2431700A2 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Schubert
Achim Wenka
Roland Dittmeyer
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Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
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Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
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Publication of EP2431700A3 publication Critical patent/EP2431700A3/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2260/00—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures
    • F28F2260/02—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures having microchannels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/048—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of ribs integral with the element or local variations in thickness of the element, e.g. grooves, microchannels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cross-flow heat exchanger, preferably a cross-flow micro heat exchanger according to the first claim.
  • Cross-flow heat exchangers are well known in the art. They have a heat exchange region in which a fluid flow in a first channel group is tempered by a heat transfer fluid flow in a second, the first crossing channel group.
  • Each of the channel groups has a plurality of preferably over their entire length connected in parallel and preferably also parallel channels.
  • the channels per channel group - as usual in cross-flow heat exchangers - parallel to each other and preferably arranged in a straight line on a plane.
  • the first and second channel groups, with or without interleaves without channels are alternately arranged plane-wise, i. Cooling or heating of the fluid stream takes place by heat transfer at the intersections, which thus form the heat transfer areas.
  • a quantity of heat is transferred, wherein the fluid flow in a channel of the first group of channels passes through a plurality of intersections and thus heat transfer areas and add the amounts of heat transferred in each case.
  • the entirety of the channels of a channel group preferably forms a passage through the cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • a cross-flow micro heat exchanger in which the microchannels are integrated in layers as a plurality of parallel grooves on one side in metal foils.
  • the films are preferably cut out square and stacked with the grooves crosswise alternately rotated by preferred 90 ° and connected together by gluing, soldering or welding, wherein the groove-structured foil sides in each case rest on an unstructured side of the adjacent foil.
  • countercurrent and direct current heat exchangers are also known in which the channels of the fluid to be temperature-controlled and of the heat transfer fluid do not intersect, but are guided parallel to one another.
  • cross-flow micro heat exchanger of the aforementioned type speak not only the outstanding thermal properties, described for example in [2], but also easier compared to DC or Jacobstromebenschreibern because not intertwined to be realized and low-loss inlets and outlets fluid streams.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a further improved cross-flow heat transfer system which does not have the aforementioned limitations and in particular allows a uniform temperature control of the fluids in all channels per channel group.
  • the solution of the problem is based on a modification of a cross-flow heat exchanger described above.
  • the channels are divided into two channel groups, each having a first channel group for the fluid to be tempered and a second channel group for the heat transfer fluid.
  • the channels are arranged in layers. Each level has channels only one channel group, the levels and thus the channel groups - as described above - are stacked in preferred alternating order to a heat exchanger.
  • the channels are connected in parallel for each channel group and preferably also arranged in parallel, wherein different channel groups are aligned differently and thus the channels intersect. Intermediate levels without channels or adjacent levels with channels from the same channel group are not excluded within the scope of the possible embodiments. It is essential that two channels from adjacent levels cross with different channel group membership and heat transfer areas for heat transfer between the adjacent channels arise in these intersections.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger is designed as a Kreustrom-Mikroebenziestedtrager
  • the channels are micro-channels, with narrowest cross sections between 0.001 mm 2 and 1 mm 2, and preferably with closest cross-sectional dimensions between 0.01 mm and 1 mm.
  • Micro heat exchanger are preferably made of plate or film stacks, wherein the microchannels of the microchannel groups are incorporated as grooves on one side or both sides in the plates or films and the films are joined together by pressing, gluing, soldering or welding to form a film stack.
  • the inlets and outlets of the microchannels are laterally, for each channel group preferably on its own side surface.
  • the basic idea is to equalize the fluid flows in all channels of the first and second channel group just by geometrically individual design of the intersections and thus the thermal transmission paths in the heat transfer areas in total.
  • an equal temperature change of the fluid flow in the first channel group as well as the heat carrier fluid flow in the second channel group is realized in an advantageous manner in total.
  • the outlet temperatures of the fluids to be tempered and the heat transfer fluid are kept in close temperature intervals.
  • the risk of hypothermia or overheating of fluid components and thus crystallization or vapor formation is effectively reduced.
  • This advantageously also allows a more exact maintenance and utilization of a definable temperature window and thus a use of fluids with phase transitions near the temperature window.
  • both fluid flows leaving the heat exchanger per channel group have a homogeneous temperature and can be introduced directly without intervening mixer stage, for example in a reactor or another heat exchanger.
  • the claimed cross-flow heat exchanger or cross-flow micro heat exchanger is thus particularly suitable for use in process engineering Processes in which both fluids used in both micro-channel groups and not only the fluid in the first micro-channel group are procedurally changed.
  • both channel groups have different geometric dimensions in their channels (e.g., cross-section, width) and / or in channel spacings and / or land widths.
  • the channel width or the channel cross-section increases in the direction upstream of the respective other channel group, ie. to the respective fluid inlets of the other channel group towards.
  • the object is achieved by a cross-flow micro heat exchanger, in which the channels are formed in two channel groups per level with different, preferably stepped cross-sections.
  • the depth of the microchannels i. the groove depth in the individual foils or plates and the web width between the channels are constant, so that the different cross sections are realized by different channel widths.
  • the gradation of the cross sections and the aforementioned channel widths per level is preferably always in continuous steps with each channel increasing or decreasing, wherein the channel is arranged with the largest cross section or the largest width near the fluid inlets of the respective intersecting channels of the other channel group.
  • the following channels on the level gradually show smaller and smaller sections or widths on, wherein the channel with the smallest cross-section is arranged near the fluid exits of the respective intersecting channels of the other channel group.
  • Fig.1 a perspective sectional view of a cross-flow micro heat exchanger.
  • the in Fig.1 illustrated cross-flow micro heat exchanger consists of films 1 with groove-shaped rectilinear 2 incorporated channels of a first channel group 3 for a fluid to be tempered (fluid flow direction 4) and a second channel group 5 for a heat transfer fluid (fluid flow direction 6) .
  • the facing to the viewer end surfaces 7 each include the fluid inlets.
  • Between two channels of a film is a web as a channel boundary and channel separation.
  • Each film with channels has only channels of a channel group and preferably one-sided or two-sided always adjacent to films with channels of the other channel group.
  • the channels have equal depths and different widths.
  • the fluid connections of the cross-flow micro heat exchanger are in Fig.1 not shown.
  • all channels 2 of both channel groups have a depth of 0.1 mm and also a web width between the microchannels of 0.1 mm.
  • the foils 1 in the exemplary embodiment consist of VA steel (18-8-chromium-nickel steel) and have a thickness of 0.2 mm.
  • B n 1 4 . 1 - 1 208 , n + 1 1 . 3 ⁇ n 2 ⁇ B 1
  • N is the total number of microchannels per plane (foil) and is between 10 and 60
  • ⁇ is the thermal conductivity in W / mK of the respective fluid in the channels.
  • the ridge widths are constant at least for each channel group, and preferably in the range between 10 and 15% of B 1 .
  • the width B n is also possible to calculate those of the cross-sectional areas A n of the channels.
  • the web width is to be corrected.
  • the channel spacing between the center lines of the individual channels is used here, which adds to the web width plus the width B n calculated with (1) at an underlying channel depth.
  • the exemplary embodiment is a cross-flow micro heat exchanger with square foils each having 34 microchannels.
  • the depth of the microchannels is 0.1 mm, the width of the webs between the microchannels 0.1 mm.
  • the mass throughput per film is 1 kg / h, the films have a dimension of 10 x 10 mm and are structured on one side to 8 mm wide with 0.1 mm deep channels.
  • exit temperatures in the described embodiment with graduated channel widths in all channels of both channel groups are equal to ⁇ 4% (reference to ° C) and ⁇ 0.6% (refer to Kelvin).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé pour permettre un équilibrage en température rapide d'un flux d'un fluide passant dans un premier groupe de micro-canaux (3) par l'intermédiaire d'un flux de fluide caloporteur passant dans un second groupe de micro-canaux (5) croisant le premier groupe de micro-canaux, comprenant respectivement un ensemble de micro-canaux (2) ayant chacun une largeur de canal, une distance par rapport à un micro-canal voisin du même groupe de micro-canaux ainsi qu'une section de canal,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la largeur de canal ou la section de canal de chaque micro-canal des deux groupes de micro-canaux augmente vers l'amont dans la direction de l'autre groupe de micro-canaux respectif.
  2. Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    entre deux micro-canaux (2) d'un groupe de micro-canaux (3, 5) sont positionnées des traverses qui ont une largeur constante, ou les micro-canaux de chaque groupe de micro-canaux, sont à une distance constante les uns des autres.
  3. Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les profondeurs de tous les micro-canaux (2) sont égales et les largeurs Bn des micro-canaux consécutifs désignés par des n croissants (n= 1, ..., N) des deux groupes de micro-canaux se calculent à partir d'une première largeur de micro-canal B1 conformément à la formule B n = 1 4 , 1 − 1 208 . n + 1 1 , 3 ⋅ n 2 B 1 ,
    Figure imgb0008
     dans laquelle B1 se calcule en millimètres en fonction du nombre total N de micro-canaux et de la conductibilité thermique λ du fluide et également du flux de fluide caloporteur selon la formule : B 1 = 10 3 ⋅ − 3 , 3 N + 800 ⋅ 0 , 314 − 0 , 815 ⋅ ln λ ) 0 , 69
    Figure imgb0009
  4. Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé conforme à la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les largeurs de canaux Bn calculées selon la formule sont arrondies à 0,05 mm au-dessous d'une valeur de 0,05 mm.
  5. Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    chaque micro-canal (2) d'un groupe de micro-canaux (3, 5) a une section non modifiée.
  6. Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les micro-canaux (2) des groupes de micro-canaux (3, 5) sont usinés sous la forme de rainures, d'un côté ou des deux côtés de plaques ou de feuilles (1) et les feuilles sont rassemblées en une pile de feuilles.
EP11007158.6A 2010-09-17 2011-09-03 Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé Not-in-force EP2431700B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010045905 DE102010045905B3 (de) 2010-09-17 2010-09-17 Kreuzstrom-Mikrowärmeübertrager

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2431700A2 EP2431700A2 (fr) 2012-03-21
EP2431700A3 EP2431700A3 (fr) 2014-04-30
EP2431700B1 true EP2431700B1 (fr) 2016-03-23

Family

ID=44675398

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EP11007158.6A Not-in-force EP2431700B1 (fr) 2010-09-17 2011-09-03 Micro-échangeur de chaleur à flux croisé

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DE (1) DE102010045905B3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2995073A1 (fr) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-07 Air Liquide Element d'echangeur pour echangeur de chaleur, echangeur de chaleur comprenant un tel element d'echangeur et procede de fabrication d'un tel element d'echangeur
CN107702566A (zh) * 2017-09-14 2018-02-16 华北电力大学 一种点阵式换热器
CN113546590A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-10-26 南通三责精密陶瓷有限公司 一种块孔式碳化硅微反应器及其应用

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4347896A (en) * 1979-10-01 1982-09-07 Rockwell International Corporation Internally manifolded unibody plate for a plate/fin-type heat exchanger
JPS61110887A (ja) * 1984-11-02 1986-05-29 Matsushita Refrig Co 蒸発器
DE3709278A1 (de) * 1987-03-20 1988-09-29 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Verfahren zur herstellung von feinstrukturkoerpern
DE19801374C1 (de) * 1998-01-16 1999-03-11 Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh Verfahren zum Löten von metallischen mikrostrukturierten Blechen
KR19990074845A (ko) * 1998-03-16 1999-10-05 윤종용 병렬 플로우식 열 교환기
KR100382523B1 (ko) * 2000-12-01 2003-05-09 엘지전자 주식회사 마이크로 멀티채널 열교환기의 튜브 구조
DE102005033150A1 (de) * 2005-07-13 2007-01-25 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Mikrostrukturierter Kühler und dessen Verwendung
DE102005052683B4 (de) * 2005-10-27 2012-05-31 Visteon Global Technologies Inc. Mehrkanalflachrohr für Wärmeübertrager

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EP2431700A3 (fr) 2014-04-30
EP2431700A2 (fr) 2012-03-21

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