EP2383758A1 - Elektromechanisches Stellglied mit optimierter Funktion, und elektrisches Unterbrechungsgerät, das ein solches Stellglied umfasst - Google Patents

Elektromechanisches Stellglied mit optimierter Funktion, und elektrisches Unterbrechungsgerät, das ein solches Stellglied umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2383758A1
EP2383758A1 EP11354011A EP11354011A EP2383758A1 EP 2383758 A1 EP2383758 A1 EP 2383758A1 EP 11354011 A EP11354011 A EP 11354011A EP 11354011 A EP11354011 A EP 11354011A EP 2383758 A1 EP2383758 A1 EP 2383758A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
fixed yoke
movable
electromagnetic actuator
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11354011A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2383758B1 (de
Inventor
Charles Blondel
Christian Bataille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP2383758A1 publication Critical patent/EP2383758A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2383758B1 publication Critical patent/EP2383758B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H2050/362—Part of the magnetic circuit conducts current to be switched or coil current, e.g. connector and magnetic circuit formed of one single part
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H50/40—Branched or multiple-limb main magnetic circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising a movable armature controlled in motion between two positions, an open position and a closed position, with respect to a fixed yoke with the aid of a control coil fed by a control current.
  • Means for detecting the separation of the moving armature with respect to the fixed yoke comprising a power source, a switch switched during a change of position of the armature with respect to the fixed yoke, and detection means the state of the switch and sending a control signal when the switch is brought to the open state.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical apparatus with optimized operation comprising an electromagnetic actuator.
  • a switch-type electrical switch device for example of three-pole type, comprises an electromagnetic actuator with a control coil, a fixed yoke and a movable armature.
  • the apparatus further comprises a movable member set in motion by the actuator and carrying for each pole at least one movable contact adapted to move relative to a fixed contact between an open state and a closed state by means of the actuator. In the closed state, each movable contact is crushed against the corresponding fixed contact by means of a pole spring.
  • the means for detecting the separation of the moving armature with respect to the fixed yoke comprise an electric detection circuit composed of a power source, a switch switched during a change of position of the mobile armature. relative to the fixed yoke and means for detecting the state of the switch and sending a control signal when the switch is brought to the open state.
  • the switch is formed on the actuator, by contact or separation between the movable armature and the fixed yoke of the actuator.
  • the actuator as a contact, connecting each of the parts of the actuator to a wire: a wire on the fixed part, a wire on the moving part) is a source of fragility of the detection means. Indeed, since the actuator must perform several millions of opening and closing cycles, a problem of reliability is present due to the wire on the moving part.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art, so as to provide an electromagnetic actuator comprising reliable separation detection means.
  • the switch of the detection means of the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention is formed on the actuator, by contact or separation between the movable armature and the fixed yoke of the actuator, the fixed yoke being made in two conductive parts. respectively connected to the electrical detection circuit and separated from each other by an electrical insulator.
  • the contact of the movable armature with the fixed yoke in the closed position creates an electrical connection between the two conductive parts of the fixed yoke.
  • the magnetic yoke comprises an E-shaped section extending along a median longitudinal plane and comprising two external branches, at least one central branch, and a transverse reinforcement secured to a first end. external and central branches, the electrical insulation being positioned to separate the fixed yoke into two parts respectively having an E-shaped section extending along the median longitudinal plane.
  • the magnetic yoke comprises an E-shaped section extending along a median longitudinal plane and comprising two external branches, at least one central branch, and a transverse reinforcement secured to a first end. outer and central branches, the electrical insulator being positioned to separate the fixed yoke into two conductive parts respectively comprising one of the two outer branches and at least a portion of the central branch.
  • the electrical insulator is positioned to separate the fixed yoke in two symmetrical conductive parts and respectively comprising one of the two outer branches and one half of the central branch.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises means for measuring the control current passing through the control coil during the separation of the moving armature with respect to the fixed yoke, means for processing the measured control current in order to control the device to optimize its energy consumption or to perform a diagnosis of the device.
  • the actuator also comprises control means for varying the control current injected into the control coil.
  • the means for measuring the control current passing through the control coil during the separation of the mobile armature with respect to the fixed yoke are implemented during a phase of maintaining the movable contact in its closed state relative to in fixed contact.
  • the measuring means of the control current passing through the control coil during the separation of the mobile armature with respect to the fixed yoke are implemented during a phase of opening the movable contact relative to the fixed contact.
  • the processing means comprise means for determining a wear level of the fixed and moving contacts from the control current measured during the separation of the moving armature relative to the fixed yoke.
  • the processing means comprise means for determining an optimum control current to be applied to the control coil for holding the moving armature in the closed position and comprise means for determining a control current to be applied to the coil of control and for bringing the mobile armature back to the closed position after unintentional opening of the mobile armature.
  • the electrical switch device comprises an actuator electromagnetic as defined above and comprises a movable member carrying at least one movable contact able to move between two states, an open state and a closed state, with respect to a fixed contact for controlling an electrical circuit, the movable member being attached to the mobile armature.
  • a switch-type electrical switch device comprises, in known manner, an electromagnetic type actuator 1, one or more poles (for example three poles for a three-pole contactor) with, for each pole, a movable member set in motion by the actuator, one or more movable contacts 21 carried by the movable member and one or more fixed contacts 20.
  • the actuator 1 comprises a magnetic circuit more particularly comprising a fixed yoke 10 and a movable armature 11 adapted to move relative to the fixed yoke 10 between two positions, an open position ( Figure 1A ) and a closed position ( Figure 1 C) .
  • the electromagnetic actuator also comprises a control coil 3 controlled by a control current in order to move the mobile armature 11 from its open position to its closed position and a return spring 4 positioned between its fixed yoke 10 and its mobile armature 11 to move the movable armature 11 from its closed position to its open position.
  • the movable member is for example a movable double break bridge carrying two movable contacts 21 movable between two states, an open state and a closed state, according to the position of the movable armature 11 of the actuator 1.
  • the electrical apparatus comprises a pole spring 5 for crushing the movable contacts 21 against the fixed contacts 20 when the movable armature 11 is in the closed position.
  • the invention described below will be able to operate with a simple rupture type mobile member.
  • Figures 1A to 1C show only one pole of the electrical switch device. It should be understood that the invention applies to all the poles of the apparatus.
  • the moving armature 11 is in its closing stroke by injecting a control current into the control coil 3 of the actuator 1.
  • the control current must be sufficient to counter the force provided by the return spring 4.
  • the movable contacts 21 are brought to the closed state by the actuator 1 but the pole spring 5 is not stressed.
  • the movable armature 11 completes its closing stroke and is kept in its closed position relative to the fixed yoke 10 by injecting a sufficient control current into the control coil 3 of the actuator 1.
  • the return spring 4 is compressed to the maximum between the movable armature 11 and the fixed breech 10.
  • the movable contacts 21 are kept in the closed state and are crushed against the fixed contacts 20 by means of the pole spring 5 which is compressed by means of the actuator 1.
  • the pole springs 5 will be more or less compressed and the force provided by the actuator 1 will be more or less important. Indeed, the less the contacts 20, 21 are worn, the more pole springs 5 are compressed and therefore the force provided by the actuator 1 to compress these springs must be important. Therefore, it is possible to correlate the wear level of the contacts with the force provided by the actuator to compress the pole springs 5.
  • the figure 2 schematically shows the force profile provided by the actuator 1 during the total opening / closing stroke Ct performed by the movable armature 11 relative to the fixed yoke 10.
  • the portion A of the profile of the figure 2 shows the force provided by the actuator 1 to go against the pole springs 5 and thus to crush the movable contacts 21 against the fixed contacts 20.
  • the maximum force provided by the actuator 1 will be different and will be even weaker as the contacts are worn.
  • the force supplied by the actuator 1 becomes weaker since it then consists solely in going against the return spring 4. This effort decreases gradually until the full opening of the contacts.
  • control current which is injected into the control coil 3 when the mobile armature 11 separates from the fixed yoke 10 is therefore representative of the minimum force provided by the actuator 1 to maintain the armature 11 in the closed position and to fight against the pole springs 5.
  • the control current measured at this precise moment can therefore be processed to detect wear contacts or to optimize the operation of the device.
  • control means 9 to vary the control current i (t) injected into the control coil 3
  • means 6 to detect the separation of the mobile armature 11 relative to the fixed yoke 10
  • measurement means 7 of the current injected into the coil 3 during the separation of the moving armature 11 relative to the fixed yoke 10 and the processing means 8 of the current i1 measured.
  • the control method can be implemented in the electrical apparatus during a normal opening phase of the contacts or during a phase of maintaining the contacts in the closed position. In the latter situation, it is necessary to open the actuator 1 sufficiently and then to close it immediately before opening the contacts. This operation may for example be performed several times in succession and at regular intervals to enter several current values.
  • the invention thanks to the means defined above, it is therefore a question of progressively lowering the control current i (t) injected into the coil 3 while the moving armature 11 is in the closed position and send a signal Sig to the measuring means 7 to measure the current corresponding to the moment when the moving armature 11 separates from the fixed yoke 10.
  • the force of the actuator 1 controlled by the current level i (t) injected into the coil must be decreased gradually and fast enough not to disturb the operation of the apparatus if the method is implemented during a contact opening phase.
  • the means 6 for detecting the separation of the moving armature 11 with respect to the fixed yoke 10 comprise an electric detection circuit composed of a power source S, a switch, detection means 60 of the opening of the switch and sending a control signal Sig to the measuring means 7 of the current when the switch is open.
  • the detection means 60 of the opening of the switch may comprise for example a resistor and a voltmeter (not shown) for monitoring the voltage across the resistor.
  • a resistor When the voltage across the resistor vanishes, it means that the detection circuit is open and thus the movable armature 11 separates from the fixed yoke 10.
  • the control signal Sig is sent to the means measuring current 7 in the control coil 3.
  • the measured current i1 at the time of receiving the control signal Sig is then processed by the processing means 8.
  • the magnetic yoke 10 of the magnetic circuit preferably comprises an E-shaped section extending along a median longitudinal plane (XY) and having two external branches 12, at least one central branch 13, and a transverse reinforcement secured to a first end of the outer and central branches.
  • XY median longitudinal plane
  • the movable armature 11 is placed opposite the second ends of the outer branches 12 and moves in translation along an axis of displacement Y substantially coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the central branch 13 of the magnetic yoke 10 in shape from E.
  • the control coil 3 comprising a longitudinal axis Y substantially coincides with that of the central branch of the magnetic yoke 10 in the form of E. In fact, said control coil 3 is wound on the central branch of the magnetic yoke 10.
  • a return spring 4 is positioned between the magnetic yoke 10 and the movable armature 11 to move the movable armature 11 from its closed position to its open position. In the closed position of the electrical apparatus, the movable armature 11 is placed opposite the magnetic yoke 10 so as to connect the second ends of the outer and central branches together.
  • the electrical contact of the switch of the detection electric circuit 6 is formed by the moving armature 11 and the fixed yoke 10.
  • the movable armature 11 is therefore the moving part of the switch of the detection circuit 6 and, together with the fixed yoke 10, forms an integral part of the detection circuit 6.
  • the fixed yoke 10 then comprises two conductive portions 10A, 10B respectively connected to the electrical detection circuit 6 and separated from each other by an electrical insulator 14. The contact of the mobile armature 11 with the fixed yoke 10 in position closed then creates an electrical connection between the two conductive parts of the fixed yoke 10 and thus closes the switch.
  • the electrical insulator 14 is positioned to separate the fixed yoke 10 into two conductive portions 10A, 10B respectively having one of the two outer branches 12 and at least a portion of the central branch 13.
  • the electrical insulator 14 is positioned to separate the fixed yoke 10 into two symmetrical conductive portions 10A, 10B and respectively having one of the two outer branches 12 and one half of the central branch 13.
  • the electrical insulator 14 is positioned to separate the fixed yoke 10 into two parts 10A, 10B respectively having an E-shaped section extending along the median longitudinal plane XY.
  • Assembly means 15 such as connecting pins allow positioning of the electrical insulator between the two E-shaped parts.
  • the electrical insulator is sandwiched between the two parts 10A, 10B.
  • a stack is observed successively comprising a first portion 10A of the yoke 10, the electrical insulator 14 and a second portion 10B of the yoke 10.
  • the detection circuit 6 is directly connected firstly to a first portion 10A and secondly to a second portion 10B fixed yoke 10. When the movable armature 11 is in the closed position, the electrical detection circuit is closed.
  • the current i1 which is measured by the measuring means 7 may for example be compared by the processing means 8 at different predetermined thresholds recorded in the apparatus to deduce a level of wear. contacts or compared to the current measured during the previous operation to follow its evolution. It is also possible to convert the measured current i1 into a percentage of wear and to compare this percentage with different thresholds. Other modes of treatment can of course be considered.
  • the processing means 8 can also determine an optimal control current of maintenance. to apply to the actuator 1.
  • the holding current applied to the actuator 1 is chosen large enough that the movable armature 11 can remain in the closed position regardless of the number of optional additives added to the actuator 1. device, the intensity of the shocks or vibrations experienced by the device or the wear of the device. This current is therefore often chosen more important than necessary to take into account these different situations.
  • the current measured i1 during the separation of the moving armature 11 relative to the fixed yoke 10 can therefore be processed to readjust the holding current and determine an optimum holding current that is adapted to the environment and the configuration of the the device.
  • the current measured during the separation of the mobile armature 11 is for example increased by a determined percentage to ensure that it is sufficient for the maintenance of the armature 11 in the closed position in its environment and in its configuration. Determination of the optimal holding current may be performed at regular intervals to take into account possible additions of additives or environmental change. This functionality can be provided alone in the electrical apparatus or implemented in addition to the wear detection of the contacts. In particular, it makes it possible to optimize the energy consumption of the apparatus by injecting a control current just necessary for maintaining the mobile armature 11 in the closed position.
  • the invention may also be used to detect an uncontrolled opening of the movable armature 11 relative to the fixed yoke 10 and perform an action in response to this opening.
  • the action in response consists in increasing the control current in the coil 3 in order to bring the mobile armature 11 back to the closed position.
  • this functionality can be provided alone in the electrical apparatus or implemented in addition to the wear detection of the contacts and / or the determination of the optimal holding current.

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  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP20110354011 2010-04-30 2011-03-31 Elektromechanisches Stellglied mit optimierter Funktion, und elektrisches Unterbrechungsgerät, das ein solches Stellglied umfasst Not-in-force EP2383758B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1001844A FR2959589B1 (fr) 2010-04-30 2010-04-30 Actionneur electromagnetique a fonctionnement optimise et appareil electrique interrupteur comportant un tel actionneur.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2383758A1 true EP2383758A1 (de) 2011-11-02
EP2383758B1 EP2383758B1 (de) 2012-08-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110354011 Not-in-force EP2383758B1 (de) 2010-04-30 2011-03-31 Elektromechanisches Stellglied mit optimierter Funktion, und elektrisches Unterbrechungsgerät, das ein solches Stellglied umfasst

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2383758B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2390163T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2959589B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111508776A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2020-08-07 浙江城电电气有限公司 交流接触器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0694937A2 (de) * 1994-07-29 1996-01-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung
FR2919109A1 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-23 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de detection de position d'une partie mobile dans un appareil electrique interrupteur.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0694937A2 (de) * 1994-07-29 1996-01-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung
EP0694937B1 (de) 1994-07-29 2000-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung
FR2919109A1 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-23 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de detection de position d'une partie mobile dans un appareil electrique interrupteur.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111508776A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2020-08-07 浙江城电电气有限公司 交流接触器
CN111508776B (zh) * 2020-03-13 2022-06-24 安德利集团有限公司 交流接触器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2959589A1 (fr) 2011-11-04
ES2390163T3 (es) 2012-11-07
EP2383758B1 (de) 2012-08-29
FR2959589B1 (fr) 2012-04-20

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