EP2374957A1 - Process for manufacturing an insulating composite building block and block produced by this process - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing an insulating composite building block and block produced by this process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2374957A1 EP2374957A1 EP11305399A EP11305399A EP2374957A1 EP 2374957 A1 EP2374957 A1 EP 2374957A1 EP 11305399 A EP11305399 A EP 11305399A EP 11305399 A EP11305399 A EP 11305399A EP 2374957 A1 EP2374957 A1 EP 2374957A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- block
- building block
- faces
- insulating material
- carrier material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of block-shaped building elements, including bancher blocks of the crawling type, and relates to a composite building block of the block-type insulation.
- blocks made entirely of a carrier material those which are in the form of a profiled hollow body of parallelepipedal shape, the lateral walls of which delimit at least two cells, open towards the top and towards the bottom thereof, are particularly known. block.
- a fluid material incorporating a hydraulic binder for example of the concrete type, is injected into the cell alignments resulting from the superimposed rows of blocks, in order to create the framework of the resulting wall after solidification.
- insulating blocks which are generally constituted by a structure consisting of an assembly of two constituent elements, one of which, located on the internal side of the construction, is a block of carrier material (concrete, wood-cement or other) and the other, located on the outer side of the construction, is a rigid insulating member, usually expanded polystyrene or the like.
- Such a concrete block constituting an insulating block generally comprises one or more assembly sites with an insulating element which consist of one or more male parts or tenons, intended to fit tightly in a complementary female part or mortise, formed in the corresponding insulating element, and the shape of said male / female parts, for example dovetail, is determined so that their mechanical connection can oppose their separation when subjected to a force of external traction.
- one or more cells formed by joining the concrete part with the corresponding complementary insulating element, constitute, when assembling the blocks on top of each other for the construction of a wall and as indicated above for conventional blocks, vertical compartments in said wall which are intended to be filled with concrete, so as to auto locking said blocks on each other and to achieve a succession of concrete posts constituting, with the horizontal chaining, the frame of said wall.
- the object sought in this prior document is to subdivide the structural body of the building block into parts thermally insulated from one another by one or more insulating inserts.
- the insulating elements in the form of platelets are arranged to be arranged entirely inside the building block, as inserts, that is to say without being in contact with the outer faces of these blocks. of construction and a fortiori without forming an outer side of these blocks.
- the inner and outer faces of this building block are always formed by the structural body.
- the document FR 2,567,177 discloses, for its part, building blocks comprising a first structural part (agglomerated block) and a second insulating part (plate), the latter being arranged to be mounted / fixed on the first part by an insertion of T-section tabs in adapted grooves formed in the wall of a side face of the first structural part.
- the walls of the block forming the structural part have a double and multi-cellular constitution around central cells and the grooves are formed by a plurality of slit-shaped cuts in the thickness of the outer skin of the wall of the first part. structural.
- the complex constitution of the structural part leads to a relatively delicate fabrication and a significant additional cost for the building block.
- peripheral attachment of the insulating part in small grooves and with a recovery at an outer skin only of the wall does not lead to a resistant assembly between the two components and limit of this also the thickness of the insulating plate that can be secured and the stresses to which it can be subjected and can be transmitted to the structural part.
- the present invention aims to overcome at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks of existing solutions, while preferably having at least equivalent performance at the level of the final product.
- the invention also relates to a building block of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 10 and having in combination the characteristics of the characterizing part of this claim.
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a block 1 of composite construction of the insulating block blocking type, comprising a first component or component part 2 of a carrier material and a second component or component part 3 made of a rigid insulating material, the two components being at least partially nested within each other and each component forming a clean volume portion of the composite block 1, and at least one outer face thereof.
- This method consists in providing, on the one hand, a hollow building block 2 made of a carrier material of generally parallelepipedal shape with an upper face 4, a lower face 4 'and lateral faces 4 ", said block being constituted by portions of profiled lateral walls 5 delimiting together at least one cell 6 open at the above-mentioned upper and lower faces and the wall portion or portions 5 of at least one lateral face 4 ", or, where appropriate, of two mutually adjacent side faces 4" being provided with at least one profile cut 7, 7 'extending in a direction DP perpendicular to the upper 4 and lower 4 'faces, where appropriate over the entire height of the or at least some of said wall portions 5 concerned, and, on the other hand, a block 3 of rigid insulating material shaped to come into intimate application against or be positioned at a distance from the outer lateral face (s) 8 of the hollow building block 2 comprising the the cutouts 7, 7 'and having one or more projecting formations 9 intended to anchor, by cooperation of complementary shapes, in the cell
- the composite building block 1 may be in the form of a "current" block, as shown in FIGS. figures 1 and 7 to 12 , or in the form of a corner block, as shown on the figure 3 .
- the block of rigid insulating material 3 for example expanded polystyrene
- the block of rigid insulating material 3 for example expanded polystyrene
- the assembly itself is facilitated since it can be achieved by simple interlocking with a significant mutual interlocking of the two components, if necessary without requiring any other locking or locking means (a glue point or a slight compression may be considered).
- This anchoring at the heart of the insulating block 3 in the hollow carrier block 2 allows said block 3 to withstand significant stresses, especially in both directions perpendicular to the face considered.
- the block 3 may have a large thickness, making it possible to achieve a high degree of thermal insulation even with carrier blocks 2 with a single wall (solid), easy to manufacture, instead of carrier blocks 2 to double wall for multi-cellular.
- the hollow carrier block 2 comprises at least two cells 6 which are only partially filled by the projecting formations 9 and the insulating block 3 is pressed against the outer face of said block 2.
- the blocks 2 may also comprise only one complete cell 6 in which is introduced a projecting formation 9, through a partial cutout 7 'or through 7.
- the formation 9 will then advantageously occupy the entire volume of the cell 6, free volumes (half-alveoli), in the form of lateral recesses, forming cells 6 by association of two blocks 1 being created between the two blocks 2 and 3.
- the method according to the invention may consist of producing beforehand a hollow construction block 2 made of carrier material with portions of solid side walls, then to provide the partial cut-out (s). or through (s) 7, 7 'in the portion (s) wall (s) 5 (s) concerned, this through a subsequent machining operation or the like.
- the initial hollow construction block 2, with integral or full side wall portions 5, is obtained by molding, by example of a wood-cement mixture, in an existing mold used for the realization of hollow cell building blocks.
- the hollow construction block 2 of carrier material provided with its or its cutout (s) 7, 7 ', by molding in an existing mold, used for the production of hollow building blocks with portions of full or entire side walls, but provided with one or more additional internal formations, protruding into the internal volume of the mold and of complementary shape to the cutout (s) 7, 7 .
- Additional internal formations may consist of inserts positioned in the existing mold or of modified or additional drawers forming part of an existing drawer mold.
- the process can also provide to provide, simultaneously or not with the cutouts 7, 7 ', attachment sites 10, 10' for the block of insulating material 3 at the side or sides 8 of the hollow construction block carrier material 2 which comes or comes into contact with said block of insulating material 3, for example in the form of grooves 10 ', rabbets 10 and / or profiled recesses (e) s, and to form on the block of insulating material 3, from molding or foaming in a suitable mold, profiled projections 11, 11 'respectively compliant shapes with respect to said attachment sites 10, 10'.
- the hollow building block 2 made of a carrier material forming the first component and the block of rigid insulating material 3, preferably solid, forming the second component, may be provided in a number of variant embodiments with particular regard to the location, the size and the shape of the cutouts 7, 7 ', protruding formations 9, attachment sites 10, 10' and projections 11, 11 ', thereby resulting in as many alternative embodiments of the composite building block 1.
- the hollow building block made of carrier material 2 may comprise at least one partial cutout 7 'extending only over part of the height of the wall portion 5 considered and at least one through cutout 7 extending over the entire height of the wall portion 5 considered, preferably located respectively on faces 8 different side, the widths of said cuts 7, 7 'being smaller than the widths of cells respectively concerned.
- the width of the partial cutouts 7 ' may be smaller than that of the through cuts 7, so as not to weaken too much the wall portion 5 concerned.
- all the cut-outs 7 made in the respective wall portions 5 of the hollow construction block made of carrier material 2 extend over the entire height of said wall portions 5 and are present only on a single lateral face 8 of said block 2 ( figure 2 ).
- all the cuts 7 'formed in the wall portion (s) 5 concerned (s) of the hollow building block of carrier material 2 is (are) partial in nature and extends (ent) ) at a part of the height of the at least one wall portion 5 ( Figures 10 to 12 ).
- Another advantage of the method according to the invention is to be able to easily manufacture, without modifying or modifying only slightly the manufacturing mold of the carrier building block 2, composite building blocks 1 of thicknesses and sound insulation coefficients and / or different thermal, this by providing composite building blocks 1 with thicknesses of layer or wall of different rigid insulating material, at the side (s) side (s) 8 of the hollow building block in carrier material 2 and / or in the cells 6 concerned (s).
- the hollow building blocks of carrier material 2 will advantageously comprise ribs and grooves for making an assembly of adjacent blocks 2 by nesting at their mutually adjacent side faces.
- the subject of the present invention is also a composite building block 1 of the insulating block-type type, comprising a first constituent component or component 2 made of a carrier material and a second component or constituent part 3 made of a rigid insulating material, the two components 2 and 3 being at least partially nested one inside the other.
- This composite building block 1 is constituted by two mutually nested parts 2 and 3, namely, on the one hand, a hollow building block 2 made of a generally parallelepipedal shaped material with an upper face 4, a lower face 4 'and lateral faces 4 ", said block consisting of portions of profiled lateral walls delimiting together at least one cell 6 open at the above-mentioned upper and lower faces and the wall portion or portions 5 of at least one lateral face 4 ", or, if appropriate, of two mutually adjacent side faces 4" being provided with cut-outs 7 , 7 'sections extending in a direction DP perpendicular to the upper 4 and lower 4' faces, where appropriate over the entire height of at least some of said wall portions 5 concerned, and, on the other hand, a block 3 of rigid insulating material shaped to come into intimate application against or being positioned at a distance from the outer side face (s) 8 of the hollow building block 2 having the cutouts 7, 7 'and having protruding formations 9 anchoring, by
- the hollow building block of carrier material 2 comprises, at its or its lateral face (s) 8 in contact with the block of rigid insulating material 3, preferentially to solid structure, advantageously at least at the ends of said face or faces 8 and / or at the portions 5 'of the wall portions 5 flanking the cuts 7, 7', attachment sites 10, 10 'for projections profiles 11, 11 'of complementary shapes, formed on the block of insulating material 3.
- the composite building block 1 is obtained, as a finished product, by the manufacturing method described above, the interlocking between the two components 2 and 3 possibly being locked by bonding and / or blocked by a stop .
- the Figures 1 to 9 represent blocks 1 with double nesting (of the insulating material in the carrier block 2), with covering of one or two faces of the block 2 by the material of the block 3, while the Figures 10 to 12 show blocks with simple nesting.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne le domaine des éléments de construction en forme de blocs, notamment de blocs à bancher du genre parpaing, et a pour objet un bloc de construction composite du type parpaing isolant.The present invention relates to the field of block-shaped building elements, including bancher blocks of the crawling type, and relates to a composite building block of the block-type insulation.
On sait que les parpaings classiques utilisés en construction pour la réalisation notamment de murs extérieurs présentent une forme globalement parallélépipédique et sont destinés à être empilés les uns sur les autres par rangs successifs.It is known that the conventional blocks used in construction for the realization in particular of external walls have a generally parallelepiped shape and are intended to be stacked on top of each other in successive rows.
Parmi ces parpaings réalisés entièrement en un matériau porteur, on connaît notamment ceux qui se présentent sous la forme d'un corps creux profilé de forme parallélépipédique, dont les parois latérales délimitent au moins deux alvéoles, ouvertes vers le dessus et vers le dessous de ce bloc.Among these blocks made entirely of a carrier material, those which are in the form of a profiled hollow body of parallelepipedal shape, the lateral walls of which delimit at least two cells, open towards the top and towards the bottom thereof, are particularly known. block.
Après empilement, un matériau fluide intégrant un liant hydraulique, par exemple du type béton, est injecté dans les alignements d'alvéoles résultant des rangées superposées de blocs, afin de créer l'ossature du mur résultant après solidification.After stacking, a fluid material incorporating a hydraulic binder, for example of the concrete type, is injected into the cell alignments resulting from the superimposed rows of blocks, in order to create the framework of the resulting wall after solidification.
Il est également connu actuellement d'utiliser, pour une meilleure isolation phonique et thermique des murs, des parpaings isolants qui sont généralement constitués d'une structure consistant en un assemblage de deux éléments constitutifs, dont l'un, situé du côté interne de la construction, est un bloc en matériau porteur (béton, bois-ciment ou autre) et l'autre, situé du côté externe de la construction, est un élément isolant rigide, généralement en polystyrène expansé ou analogue.It is also currently known to use, for better acoustic and thermal insulation of walls, insulating blocks which are generally constituted by a structure consisting of an assembly of two constituent elements, one of which, located on the internal side of the construction, is a block of carrier material (concrete, wood-cement or other) and the other, located on the outer side of the construction, is a rigid insulating member, usually expanded polystyrene or the like.
Un tel bloc en béton constitutif d'un parpaing isolant comporte généralement un ou plusieurs sites d'assemblage avec un élément isolant qui consistent en une ou plusieurs parties mâles ou tenons, destinés à venir s'insérer étroitement dans une partie femelle complémentaire ou mortaise, pratiquée dans l'élément isolant correspondant, et dont la forme desdites parties mâle/femelle, par exemple en queue d'aronde, est déterminée de manière que leur liaison mécanique puisse s'opposer à leur séparation lorsqu'elle sont soumises à une force de traction extérieur.Such a concrete block constituting an insulating block generally comprises one or more assembly sites with an insulating element which consist of one or more male parts or tenons, intended to fit tightly in a complementary female part or mortise, formed in the corresponding insulating element, and the shape of said male / female parts, for example dovetail, is determined so that their mechanical connection can oppose their separation when subjected to a force of external traction.
En outre, une ou plusieurs alvéoles, formées par la réunion de la partie en béton avec l'élément isolant complémentaire correspondant, constituent, lors du montage des parpaings les uns sur les autres pour la construction d'un mur et comme indiqué ci-dessus pour les parpaings classiques, des compartiments verticaux dans ledit mur qui sont destinés à être remplis de béton, ceci de manière à auto-verrouiller lesdits parpaings les uns sur les autres et à réaliser une succession de poteaux en béton constituant, avec les chaînages horizontaux, l'ossature dudit mur.In addition, one or more cells, formed by joining the concrete part with the corresponding complementary insulating element, constitute, when assembling the blocks on top of each other for the construction of a wall and as indicated above for conventional blocks, vertical compartments in said wall which are intended to be filled with concrete, so as to auto locking said blocks on each other and to achieve a succession of concrete posts constituting, with the horizontal chaining, the frame of said wall.
Par les documents
Toutefois, ces réalisations de parpaings isolants connus nécessitent obligatoirement la mise au point de nouveaux moules pour la composante porteuse et le moulage délicat de sites d'accrochage de forme complexe. En outre, la résistance de l'assemblage entre les deux composantes est souvent limitée, ce qui peut résulter en un décrochement ou une séparation des deux composantes sous la pression du béton injecté dans les alvéoles, ou en la rupture de l'une des deux composantes.However, these achievements of known insulating blocks necessarily require the development of new molds for the carrier component and the delicate molding of complex shaped fastening sites. In addition, the resistance of the assembly between the two components is often limited, which can result in a recess or separation of the two components under the pressure of the concrete injected into the cells, or in the rupture of one of the two components. components.
Par ailleurs, on connaît par le document
Le but recherché dans ce document antérieur est de subdiviser le corps structurel du bloc de construction en des parties isolées thermiquement l'une de l'autre par un ou des inserts isolants.The object sought in this prior document is to subdivide the structural body of the building block into parts thermally insulated from one another by one or more insulating inserts.
A cet effet, les éléments isolants en forme de plaquettes sont arrangés pour être disposés entièrement à l'intérieur du bloc de construction, en tant qu'inserts, c'est-à-dire sans être en contact avec les faces extérieures de ces blocs de construction et a fortiori sans former un côté extérieur de ces blocs. En particulier, les faces intérieure et extérieure de ce bloc de construction sont toujours formées par le corps structurel.For this purpose, the insulating elements in the form of platelets are arranged to be arranged entirely inside the building block, as inserts, that is to say without being in contact with the outer faces of these blocks. of construction and a fortiori without forming an outer side of these blocks. In particular, the inner and outer faces of this building block are always formed by the structural body.
Enfin, le document
Les parois du bloc formant la partie structurelle présentent une constitution double et multialvéolaire autour d'alvéoles centrales et les rainures sont formées grâce à une pluralité de découpes en forme de fentes ménagées dans l'épaisseur de la peau extérieure de la paroi de la première partie structurelle.The walls of the block forming the structural part have a double and multi-cellular constitution around central cells and the grooves are formed by a plurality of slit-shaped cuts in the thickness of the outer skin of the wall of the first part. structural.
La constitution complexe de la partie structurelle (parois doubles et multialvéolaires) entraîne une fabrication relativement délicate et un surcoût important pour le bloc de construction.The complex constitution of the structural part (double and multi-cellular walls) leads to a relatively delicate fabrication and a significant additional cost for the building block.
De plus, l'accrochage périphérique de la partie isolante dans des rainures de faible taille et avec une reprise au niveau d'une peau externe uniquement de la paroi, ne permet pas d'aboutir à un assemblage résistant entre les deux composantes et limite de ce fait également l'épaisseur de la plaque isolante pouvant être solidarisée et les contraintes auxquelles cette dernière peut être soumise et pouvant être transmises à la partie structurelle.In addition, the peripheral attachment of the insulating part in small grooves and with a recovery at an outer skin only of the wall, does not lead to a resistant assembly between the two components and limit of this also the thickness of the insulating plate that can be secured and the stresses to which it can be subjected and can be transmitted to the structural part.
La présente invention a pour objet de pallier au moins certains des inconvénients précités des solutions existantes, tout en présentant préférentiellement des performances au moins équivalentes au niveau du produit final.The present invention aims to overcome at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks of existing solutions, while preferably having at least equivalent performance at the level of the final product.
A cet effet, elle a pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction composite du type parpaing isolant, selon le préambule de la revendication 1 et présentant en combinaison les caractéristiques de la partie caractérisante de cette revendication.For this purpose, it relates to a method of manufacturing a composite building block of the block-insulating type, according to the preamble of
L'invention concerne également un bloc de construction du type mentionné dans le préambule de la revendication 10 et présentant en combinaison les caractéristiques de la partie caractérisante de cette revendication.The invention also relates to a building block of the type mentioned in the preamble of
L'invention sera mieux comprise grâce à la description ci-après, qui se rapporte à des modes de réalisation préférés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, et expliqués avec référence aux dessins schématiques annexés, dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'un bloc de construction composite selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 2 est une vue éclatée en perspective du bloc de construction de lafigure 1 , séparé en ses deux composantes ; - la
figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'un bloc de construction composite selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un bloc de construction creux en un matériau porteur formant la première composante du bloc composite de lafigure 3 ; - la
figure 5 est une vue en élévation latérale du bloc composite représentéfigure 3 ; - la
figure 6 est une vue de dessus d'une partie de mur réalisée par juxtaposition de deux blocs courants selon lafigure 1 et d'un bloc d'angle selon lafigure 3 ; - les
figures 7 à 9 sont des vues de dessus de trois variantes de réalisation du bloc composite représentéfigure 1 ; - la
figure 10 et une vue en élévation latérale d'un bloc de construction composite selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 11 est une vue de dessus d'une partie de mur formée par deux blocs tels que représentés sur lafigure 10 disposés attenants côte à côte, et, - les
figures 12A à 12C sont des vues respectivement de dessus, en élévation frontale et en élévation latérale de la première composante porteuse faisant partie du bloc représentéfigure 10 .
- the
figure 1 is a top view of a composite building block according to a first embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the building block of thefigure 1 separated into its two components; - the
figure 3 is a top view of a composite building block according to a second embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 4 is a perspective view of a hollow building block made of a carrier material forming the first component of the composite block of thefigure 3 ; - the
figure 5 is a side elevational view of the composite block shownfigure 3 ; - the
figure 6 is a top view of a wall portion made by juxtaposing two current blocks according to thefigure 1 and a corner block according to thefigure 3 ; - the
Figures 7 to 9 are top views of three alternative embodiments of the composite block shownfigure 1 ; - the
figure 10 and a side elevational view of a composite building block according to a third embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 11 is a top view of a wall portion formed by two blocks as shown in FIG.figure 10 arranged side by side, and, - the
Figures 12A to 12C are views respectively from above, in front elevation and in side elevation of the first carrier component forming part of the block shownfigure 10 .
L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un bloc 1 de construction composite du type parpaing isolant, comprenant une première composante ou partie constitutive 2 en un matériau porteur et une seconde composante ou partie constitutive 3 en un matériau isolant rigide, les deux composantes étant au moins partiellement imbriquées l'une dans l'autre et chaque composante formant une partie volumique propre du bloc 1 composite, ainsi qu'au moins une face extérieure de ce dernier.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a
Ce procédé consiste à fournir,
d'une part, un bloc de construction creux 2 en un matériau porteur de forme générale parallélépipédique avec une face supérieure 4, une face inférieure 4' et des faces latérales 4", ledit bloc étant constitué par des portions de parois latérales 5 profilées délimitant ensemble au moins une alvéole 6 ouverte au niveau des faces supérieure et inférieure précitées et la ou les portions de paroi 5 d'au moins une face latérale 4", ou le cas échéant de deux faces latérales 4" mutuellement attenantes, étant pourvues d'au moins une découpe 7, 7' profilée s'étendant dans une direction DP perpendiculaire aux faces supérieure 4 et inférieure 4', le cas échéant sur la totalité de la hauteur de la ou d'au moins certaines desdites portions de paroi 5 concernées, et,
d'autre part, un bloc 3 de matériau isolant rigide conformé pour venir en application intime contre ou être positionné à distance de la ou des face(s) latérale(s) extérieure(s) 8 du bloc de construction creux 2 comportant la ou les découpes 7, 7' et présentant une ou des formations saillantes 9 destinées à venir s'ancrer, par coopération de formes complémentaires, dans l'alvéole ou les alvéoles 6, ce à travers une ou des ouverture(s) dans la ou les portion(s) de paroi(s) 5 correspondant à la ou aux découpes 7, 7',
et, ensuite, à assembler les deux composantes 2 et 3 précitées pour réaliser un bloc de construction composite 1, ce par un mouvement d'emboîtement mutuel dans une direction DP perpendiculaire aux faces supérieure 4 et inférieure 4' du bloc 2 de construction en matériau porteur formant la première composante.This method consists in providing,
on the one hand, a
on the other hand, a
and then, to assemble the two
Le bloc de construction composite 1 peut se présenter sous la forme d'un bloc « courant », comme représenté sur les
Grâce à l'ancrage direct du bloc de matériau isolant rigide 3 (par exemple en polystyrène expansé) dans l'alvéole ou les alvéoles 6 centrale(s) du bloc 2, destinée(s) à recevoir le liant formant l'ossature du mur, on peut s'affranchir de la réalisation de sites d'accrochage supplémentaires de forme complexe pour réaliser l'assemblage des deux blocs.Thanks to the direct anchoring of the block of rigid insulating material 3 (for example expanded polystyrene) in the cell or
De plus, l'assemblage en lui-même est facilité puisqu'il peut être réalisé par simple emboîtement avec une imbrication mutuelle importante des deux composantes, le cas échéant sans nécessiter aucun autre moyen de blocage ou de verrouillage (un point de colle ou une légère compression peut être envisagé(e)).In addition, the assembly itself is facilitated since it can be achieved by simple interlocking with a significant mutual interlocking of the two components, if necessary without requiring any other locking or locking means (a glue point or a slight compression may be considered).
Enfin, on aboutit à une grande cohésion structurelle du bloc composite 1 et à une résistance élevée de l'assemblage des deux composantes 2 et 3, du fait de l'importance des masses de matériaux différents mutuellement emboîtées, de l'importance des surfaces en contact au niveau des interfaces des deux composantes et de la taille importante de la ou des formations saillantes 9 s'étendant dans l'alvéole ou les alvéoles 6.Finally, it leads to a high structural cohesion of the
Enfin, le blocage définitif des deux composantes de chaque bloc composite entre elles s'effectue lors de l'injection du liant hydraulique dans les alignements d'alvéoles pour former l'ossature du mur et de ce fait les trois matériaux se retrouvent en contact direct et intime, sur des surfaces importantes et de manière mutuellement imbriquée, avec un autocalage final et un verrouillage automatique compensant les éventuels jeux ou défauts de dimensionnement des deux composantes du bloc composite au niveau de leurs parties mutuellement imbriquées.Finally, the final blocking of the two components of each composite block between them occurs during the injection of the hydraulic binder in the cell alignments to form the frame of the wall and thus the three materials are found in direct and intimate contact, on important surfaces and in a mutually overlapping manner, with a final self-leveling and an automatic locking compensating for possible games or sizing defects of the two components of the composite block at their mutually interleaved parts.
Cet ancrage au coeur du bloc 3 isolant dans le bloc creux porteur 2 permet audit bloc 3 de supporter des contraintes importantes, notamment dans les deux directions perpendiculaires à la face considérée.This anchoring at the heart of the
En particulier, le bloc 3 pourra présenter une épaisseur importante, permettant d'aboutir à un degré d'isolation thermique élevé même avec des blocs porteurs 2 à simple paroi (pleine), aisés à fabriquer, en lieu et place de blocs porteurs 2 à paroi double pour multialvéolaire.In particular, the
Préférentiellement, le bloc creux porteur 2 comporte au moins deux alvéoles 6 qui ne sont que partiellement remplies par les formations saillantes 9 et le bloc 3 isolant est plaqué contre la face extérieure dudit bloc 2.Preferably, the
Comme le montrent les
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le procédé selon l'invention peut consister à fabriquer préalablement un bloc de construction creux 2 en matériau porteur avec des portions de parois latérales 5 pleines, puis à ménager la ou les découpe(s) partielle(s) ou traversante(s) 7, 7' dans la ou les portion(s) de paroi(s) 5 concernée(s), ce par l'intermédiaire d'une opération consécutive d'usinage ou analogue.According to a preferred embodiment, the method according to the invention may consist of producing beforehand a
De manière pratique et selon une variante de mise en oeuvre particulièrement avantageuse, notamment du point de vue économique, il peut être prévu que le bloc de construction creux 2 initial, à portions de parois latérales 5 pleines ou entières, est obtenu par moulage, par exemple d'un mélange bois-ciment, dans un moule existant utilisé pour la réalisation de blocs de construction creux à alvéoles.In a practical way and according to a particularly advantageous variant of implementation, particularly from the economic point of view, it may be envisaged that the initial
Selon une autre variante de réalisation du procédé, il peut être prévu de fabriquer le bloc de construction creux 2 en matériau porteur, pourvu de sa ou de ses découpe(s) 7, 7', par moulage dans un moule existant, utilisé pour la réalisation de blocs de construction creux à portions de parois latérales 5 pleines ou entières, mais pourvue d'une ou de plusieurs formations internes supplémentaires, saillantes dans le volume interne du moule et de forme complémentaire à la ou aux découpe(s) 7, 7'.According to another alternative embodiment of the method, it may be provided to manufacture the
Les formations internes supplémentaires peuvent consister en des pièces rapportées positionnées dans le moule existant ou en des tiroirs modifiés ou additionnels faisant partie d'un moule à tiroirs existant.Additional internal formations may consist of inserts positioned in the existing mold or of modified or additional drawers forming part of an existing drawer mold.
En vue de renforcer la structure du bloc de construction composite 1, et en particulier garantir un écartement ou empêcher une rupture des portions de parois 5 attenantes aux découpes 7, 7' lors de la coulée du béton dans les alvéoles 6, le procédé peut également prévoir de ménager, simultanément ou non avec la ou les découpes 7, 7', des sites d'accrochage 10, 10' pour le bloc de matériau isolant 3 au niveau de la ou des faces latérales 8 du bloc de construction creux en matériau porteur 2 qui vient ou viennent en contact avec ledit bloc de matériau isolant 3, par exemple sous la forme de rainures 10', de feuillures 10 et/ou de retraits profilé(e)s, et à former sur le bloc de matériau isolant 3, venant de moulage ou de moussage dans un moule adapté, des projections profilées 11, 11' de formes respectivement complémentaires par rapport auxdits sites d'accrochage 10, 10'.In order to reinforce the structure of the
Cette coopération entre sites 10, 10' et projections 11, 11' permet de garantir également un accrochage plus intime entre les deux blocs constitutifs 2 et 3, ainsi qu'un blocage du bloc 3 dans les directions perpendiculaires à la direction DP de la
Le bloc de construction creux 2 en matériau porteur formant la première composante et le bloc de matériau isolant rigide 3, préférentiellement plein, formant la seconde composante, peuvent être déclinés en de multiples variantes de réalisation en ce qui concerne notamment l'emplacement, la taille et la forme des découpes 7, 7', des formations saillantes 9, des sites d'accrochage 10, 10' et des projections 11, 11', résultant de ce fait en autant de variantes de réalisations du bloc de construction composite 1.The
Ainsi, comme le montre par exemple la
En variante, toutes les découpes 7 ménagées dans les portions de paroi 5 concernées du bloc de construction creux en matériau porteur 2 s'étendent sur toute la hauteur desdites portions de paroi 5 et ne sont présentes que sur une seule face latérale 8 dudit bloc 2 (
Selon une autre variante encore, toutes les découpes 7' ménagées dans la ou les portion(s) de paroi 5 concernée(s) du bloc de construction creux en matériau porteur 2 est (sont) de nature partielle et ne s'étend(ent) que sur une partie de la hauteur de ladite ou desdites portions de paroi 5 (
Un autre avantage du procédé selon l'invention est de pouvoir fabriquer aisément, sans modifier ou en ne modifiant que légèrement le moule de fabrication du bloc de construction porteur 2, des blocs de construction composites 1 d'épaisseurs et de coefficients d'isolation phonique et/ou thermique différents, ce en fournissant des blocs de construction composites 1 avec des épaisseurs de couche ou de paroi de matériau isolant rigide différentes, au niveau de la ou des face(s) latérale(s) 8 du bloc de construction creux en matériau porteur 2 et/ou dans les alvéoles 6 concernée(s).Another advantage of the method according to the invention is to be able to easily manufacture, without modifying or modifying only slightly the manufacturing mold of the
Comme le montre notamment la
La présente invention a également pour objet un bloc de construction composite 1 du type parpaing isolant, comprenant une première composante ou partie constitutive 2 en un matériau porteur et une seconde composante ou partie constitutive 3 en un matériau isolant rigide, les deux composantes 2 et 3 étant au moins partiellement imbriquées l'une dans l'autre.The subject of the present invention is also a
Ce bloc de construction composite 1 est constitué par deux parties 2 et 3 mutuellement emboîtées, à savoir,
d'une part, un bloc de construction creux 2 en un matériau de forme générale parallélépipédique avec une face supérieure 4, une face inférieure 4' et des faces latérales 4", ledit bloc étant constitué par des portions de parois latérales 5 profilées délimitant ensemble au moins une alvéole 6 ouverte au niveau des faces supérieure et inférieure précitées et la ou les portions de paroi 5 d'au moins une face latérale 4", ou le cas échéant de deux faces latérales 4" mutuellement attenantes, étant pourvues de découpes 7, 7' profilées s'étendant dans une direction DP perpendiculaire aux faces supérieure 4 et inférieure 4', le cas échéant sur la totalité de la hauteur d'au moins certaines desdites portions de paroi 5 concernées, et,
d'autre part, un bloc 3 de matériau isolant rigide conformé pour venir en application intime contre ou étant positionné à distance de la ou les face(s) latérale(s) extérieure(s) 8 du bloc de construction creux 2 comportant les découpes 7, 7' et présentant des formations saillantes 9 venant s'ancrer, par coopération de formes complémentaires, dans l'alvéole ou les alvéoles 6, ce à travers une ou des ouverture(s) dans la ou les portion(s) de parois 5 correspondant à la ou aux découpes 7, 7'.This
on the one hand, a
on the other hand, a
Conformément à une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le bloc de construction creux en matériau porteur 2 comporte, au niveau de sa ou de ses face(s) latérale(s) 8 en contact avec le bloc de matériau isolant rigide 3, préférentiellement à structure pleine, avantageusement au moins au niveau des extrémités de ladite ou desdites faces 8 et/ou au niveau des parties 5' des portions de parois 5 encadrant les découpes 7, 7', des sites d'accrochage 10, 10' pour des projections profilées 11, 11' de formes complémentaires, formées sur le bloc de matériau isolant 3.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the hollow building block of
De manière préférée, le bloc de construction composite 1 est obtenu, en tant que produit fini, par le procédé de fabrication décrit ci-dessus, l'emboîtement entre les deux composantes 2 et 3 étant éventuellement verrouillé par collage et/ou bloqué par butée.Preferably, the
Les
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés aux dessins annexés. Des modifications restent possibles, notamment du point de vue de la constitution des divers éléments ou par substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour autant du domaine de protection de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, particularly from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (12)
procédé caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à fournir,
d'une part, un bloc de construction creux (2) en un matériau porteur de forme générale parallélépipédique avec une face supérieure (4), une face inférieure (4') et des faces latérales (4"), ledit bloc étant constitué par des portions de parois latérales (5) profilées délimitant ensemble au moins une alvéole (6) ouverte au niveau des faces supérieure et inférieure précitées et la ou les portions de paroi (5) d'au moins une face latérale (4"), ou le cas échéant de deux faces latérales (4") mutuellement attenantes, étant pourvues d'au moins une découpe (7, 7') profilée s'étendant dans une direction (DP) perpendiculaire aux faces supérieure (4) et inférieure (4'), le cas échéant sur la totalité de la hauteur de la ou d'au moins certaines desdites portions de paroi (5) concernées, et,
d'autre part, un bloc (3) de matériau isolant rigide conformé pour venir en application intime contre ou être positionné à distance de la ou des face(s) latérale(s) extérieure(s) (8) du bloc de construction creux (2) comportant la ou les découpes (7, 7') et présentant une ou des formations saillantes (9) destinées à venir s'ancrer, par coopération de formes complémentaires, dans l'alvéole ou les alvéoles (6), ce à travers une ou des ouverture(s) dans la ou les portion(s) de paroi(s) (5) correspondant à la ou aux découpe(s) (7, 7'),
et, ensuite, à assembler les deux composantes (2 et 3) précitées pour réaliser un bloc de construction composite (1), ce par un mouvement d'emboîtement mutuel dans une direction (DP) perpendiculaire aux faces supérieure (4) et inférieure (4') du bloc (2) de construction en matériau porteur formant la première composante, le bloc (3) en matériau isolant formant le côté externe du bloc de construction composite (1).A method of manufacturing an insulating block-type composite building block comprising a first constituent component or part of a carrier material and a second constituent component or component made of a rigid insulating material, the two components being at least partially interleaved with one another in the other and the first component having one or more cells for receiving the hydraulic binder forming the frame of the wall,
characterized in that it consists in providing,
on the one hand, a hollow building block (2) of a carrier material of parallelepipedal general shape with an upper face (4), a lower face (4 ') and side faces (4 "), said block being constituted by portions of profiled side walls (5) defining together at least one cell (6) open at the above-mentioned upper and lower faces and the wall portion or portions (5) of at least one lateral face (4 "), or where appropriate, two mutually adjacent side faces (4 ") being provided with at least one profile cutout (7, 7 ') extending in a direction (DP) perpendicular to the upper (4) and lower (4') faces ), where appropriate over the entire height of the or at least some of the said wall portions (5) concerned, and,
on the other hand, a block (3) of rigid insulating material shaped to come into intimate application against or be positioned at a distance from the outer side face (s) (8) of the hollow building block (2) comprising one or more cutouts (7, 7 ') and having one or more projecting formations (9) intended to anchor, by cooperation of complementary shapes, into the cell or the cells (6), this with through one or more apertures in the wall portion (s) (5) corresponding to the cutout (s) (7, 7 '),
and then assembling the two aforementioned components (2 and 3) to form a composite building block (1) by mutual interlocking movement in a direction (DP) perpendicular to the upper (4) and lower (4) faces ( 4 ') of the block (2) of carrier material construction forming the first component, the block (3) of insulating material forming the outer side of the composite building block (1).
bloc de construction composite (1) caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par deux parties (2 et 3) mutuellement emboîtées selon une direction (DP) perpendiculaire aux faces supérieure (4) et inférieure (4') du bloc (2), à savoir,
d'une part, un bloc de construction creux (2) en un matériau de forme générale parallélépipédique avec une face supérieure (4), une face inférieure (4') et des faces latérales (4"), ledit bloc étant constitué par des portions de parois latérales (5) profilées délimitant ensemble au moins une alvéole (6) ouverte au niveau des faces supérieure et inférieure précitées et la ou les portions de paroi (5) d'au moins une face latérale (4"), ou le cas échéant de deux faces latérales (4") mutuellement attenantes, étant pourvues d'au moins une découpe (7, 7') profilée s'étendant dans une direction (DP) perpendiculaire aux faces supérieure (4) et inférieure (4'), le cas échéant sur la totalité de la hauteur de la ou d'au moins certaines desdites portions de paroi (5) concernées, et,
d'autre part, un bloc (3) de matériau isolant rigide venant en application intime contre ou étant positionné à distance de la ou les face(s) latérale(s) extérieure(s) (8) du bloc de construction creux (2) comportant la ou les découpes (7, 7') et présentant une ou des formations saillantes (9) venant s'ancrer, par coopération de formes complémentaires, dans l'alvéole ou les alvéoles (6), ce à travers une ou des ouverture(s) dans la ou les portion(s) de paroi(s) (5) correspondant à la ou aux découpes (7, 7'), le bloc (3) en matériau isolant formant le côté externe du bloc de construction composite (1).Composite building block of the insulating block blocking type, comprising a first constituent component or part of a carrier material and a second constituent component or component made of a rigid insulating material, the two components being at least partially interlocked one inside the other, and the first component having one or more cells for receiving the hydraulic binder forming the frame of the wall,
composite building block (1) characterized in that it consists of two parts (2 and 3) mutually interlocked in a direction (DP) perpendicular to the upper (4) and lower (4 ') faces of the block (2), to know,
on the one hand, a hollow building block (2) of a parallelepiped-shaped general material with an upper face (4), a lower face (4 ') and side faces (4 "), said block being constituted by portions of profiled side walls (5) defining together at least one cell (6) open at the above-mentioned upper and lower faces and the at least one wall portion (5) of at least one lateral face (4 "), or where appropriate, two mutually adjacent lateral faces (4 ") being provided with at least one profile cutout (7, 7 ') extending in a direction (DP) perpendicular to the upper (4) and lower (4') faces , where appropriate on the entire height of the or at least some of said wall portions (5) concerned, and,
on the other hand, a block (3) of rigid insulating material coming into intimate application against or being positioned at a distance from the external lateral face (s) (8) of the hollow building block (2) ) having one or more cutouts (7, 7 ') and having one or more projecting formations (9) anchoring, by cooperation of complementary shapes, into the cell or the cells (6), this through one or more aperture (s) in the wall portion (s) (5) corresponding to the one or more blanks (7, 7 '), the block (3) of insulating material forming the outer side of the composite building block (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1052588A FR2958309B1 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2010-04-06 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION BLOCK OF THE INSULATING PARPAING TYPE AND BLOCK OBTAINED |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2374957A1 true EP2374957A1 (en) | 2011-10-12 |
EP2374957B1 EP2374957B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
Family
ID=43066972
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP11305399.5A Revoked EP2374957B1 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Process for manufacturing an insulating composite building block and block produced by this process |
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EP (1) | EP2374957B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2958309B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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CN102433954A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-05-02 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Composite heat insulation sintered building block |
CN103397734A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 吴泽宇 | Flame-retardant composite building block and preparation method thereof |
BE1024753B1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-06-20 | Fixolite Usines S A | COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION BLOCK OF THE INSULATING PARPAING TYPE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2958309B1 (en) | 2013-01-11 |
EP2374957B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
FR2958309A1 (en) | 2011-10-07 |
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