EP2371468B1 - Continuous casting method of steel - Google Patents

Continuous casting method of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2371468B1
EP2371468B1 EP09834617.4A EP09834617A EP2371468B1 EP 2371468 B1 EP2371468 B1 EP 2371468B1 EP 09834617 A EP09834617 A EP 09834617A EP 2371468 B1 EP2371468 B1 EP 2371468B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slab
impact
short side
impacting
thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09834617.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2371468A1 (en
EP2371468A4 (en
Inventor
Sei Hiraki
Hiroshi Nogami
Toshihiko Murakami
Akihiro Yamanaka
Kouji Takatani
Yasuhiro Satou
Yoshiki Itou
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corp filed Critical Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corp
Priority to PL09834617T priority Critical patent/PL2371468T3/pl
Publication of EP2371468A1 publication Critical patent/EP2371468A1/en
Publication of EP2371468A4 publication Critical patent/EP2371468A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2371468B1 publication Critical patent/EP2371468B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a continuous casting method of steel that casts while causing vibration in a slab by impacting a specific surface of the slab in a state containing a liquid core.
  • center segregation V shape segregation or inverse V shape segregation
  • inverse V shape segregation Internal defects that are macro segregation, called center segregation, V shape segregation or inverse V shape segregation, easily form in the central portion in a thickness-wise direction and in the vicinity thereof for the slab that is cast by continuous casting.
  • Center segregation is an internal defect appearing due to solute elements that easily segregate (hereinafter also referred to as "segregation elements”), such as C, S, P, and Mn, enriching in the crater end of a slab
  • V shape segregation and inverse V shape segregation are internal defects appearing due to these segregation elements enriching in the vicinity of the crater end of the slab in a V shape or inverse V shape.
  • the mechanism of formation of segregation in a slab is considered to be as follows. Specifically, as solidification proceeds, segregation elements enrich between dendrite arms of columnar dendrite, which are a solidification structure. Molten steel in which these segregation elements have been enriched (hereinafter also referred to as "solute-enriched molten steel") oozes from between dendrite arms of columnar dendrite due to the amount of solidification contraction during solidification, swelling of the slab called bulging, or the like. The solute-enriched molten steel thus oozed flows toward the crater end of the slab to solidify in an as-is condition, thereby forming a region enriched with segregation elements. The region enriched with segregation elements formed in this way is segregation.
  • Patent Literature 1 the present inventors proposed a continuous casting method of steel, when casting a slab with a rectangular cross section, that casts while causing vibration in the slab by continuously impacting the short side of the rectangular thereof, using impact-vibration equipment disposed in at least one location on said short side, the slab including a liquid core having a solid fraction of 0.1 to 0.9 at the central portion in a thickness-wise direction.
  • Patent Literature 2 the present inventors proposed a continuous casting method of steel, when performing reduction rolling along the withdrawing direction for a slab with a rectangular cross section, the slab containing a liquid core, with a plurality of pairs of guide rolls to be used for reduction rolling, is cast while causing vibration in the slab under rolling by continuously impacting at least one location on the slab surface within a region where reduction rolling is performed along the withdrawing direction.
  • a columnar dendrite at the stage of growth is made to break by impact vibration on a slab, whereby it is possible to prevent the generation of columnar dendrite. Furthermore, cavities/spaces are generated after bridging emerges in equiaxed structure, and, segregation is caused inside the cavities/spaces; however, these cavities are broken by impacting. As a result, the equiaxed structure is grown in high-density, and thus solute-enriched molten steel can be made to disperse finely between solidified grains, and the segregation such as center segregation, V shape segregation and inverse V shape segregation is reduced, whereby it is possible to obtain a slab with good internal quality.
  • Center porosity represents fine pores generated around width-wise end portions in the central portion in a thickness-wise direction thereof that is the final solidification point, due to solidification contraction while molten steel solidifies in continuous casting and due to thermal shrinking by cooling after solidification. It has been demanded to reduce segregation as well as center porosity in order to enhance the internal quality of cast slabs. In addition, it has been demanded to establish suitable vibration conditions by investigating the detailed relationship between the vibration conditions of the slab by impacting and the quality in the central portion of the slab, to improve the efficiency of continuous casting.
  • the present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object thereof is to provide a continuous casting method of steel that can efficiently obtain slabs with good internal quality without segregation and/or center porosity, by impacting a slab under suitable conditions to cause vibration therein.
  • JP 2006-110620 , JP 2002-273554 and AT 270 101 B disclose the features of the precharacterizing portion of claim 1.
  • the present inventors have studied continuous casting methods of steel for efficiently obtaining slabs with good internal quality without segregation and/or center porosity, and obtained findings in the following (A) and (B).
  • the present invention was accomplished based on the above-mentioned findings, and consists in a continuous casting method of steel according to the following first and second aspects.
  • the displacements ⁇ (x) generated by impacting the left and right short sides, respectively are combined with each other, and the resultant displacement ⁇ (x) thus combined is at least 0.10 mm over the entire width of the slab at the impact positions.
  • vibration having the displacement of the slab long side surface, caused by impacting the slab short side, of at least 0.10 mm can be generated over a wide range of the slab, segregation and/or center porosity is reduced, whereby a slab excelling in internal quality can be obtained.
  • the present inventors have analyzed on the effects of vibrations by performing continuous casting experiments while causing vibrations in a slab by impacting, thereby investigating the influence of vibrations on the internal quality of a slab, as described below.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a continuous casting machine that can adopt a continuous casting method of the present invention and a layout of impact-vibration equipment, with (a) showing a side view of the continuous casting machine, and (b) showing a plan view of a portion in which the impact-vibration equipment of the continuous casting machine is installed.
  • the continuous casting machine shown in the same figure is of vertical bending type, and includes impact-vibration equipment for the casting slab.
  • Molten steel 4 poured from a tundish (not illustrated) into a mold 3 via an immersion nozzle 1 is cooled by the mold 3 and a water spray injected from secondary cooling spray nozzles (not illustrated) below thereof, whereby a solidified shell 5 is formed to be a slab 7. With liquid core remaining inside thereof, the slab 7 is withdrawn while being supported by guide rolls 6.
  • the meniscus, which is a surface 2 of the molten steel 4, is shown in the mold 3 of FIG. 1 .
  • the guide rolls 6 are grouped into a plurality of segments and disposed (not illustrated).
  • Each impact-vibration equipment 8 has a drive mechanism 10 and an impact effecting block 9 mounted to a leading end portion thereof.
  • a mold for a slab having a thickness of 300 mm was used as the mold 3.
  • a wider width slab of 2300 mm in width was used as the slab 7.
  • a steel grade of the following chemical composition for use in thick plates was adopted in the casting experiments. Specifically, it was a steel grade including, by mass, 0.05 to 1.00% of carbon, 0.04 to 0.60% of silicon, 0.50 to 2.00% of manganese, not more than 0.020% of phosphorus, and not more than 0.006% of sulfur, the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities.
  • the casting velocity was set to 0.58 to 0.61 m/min, and the amount of secondary cooling water was set to 0.62 to 0.73 litter/kg-steel.
  • the average temperature of the molten steel in the tundish was kept substantially constant with a superheat ⁇ T in the range of 30 to 50°C. ⁇ T is the difference between the actual molten steel temperature and the liquidus temperature of the molten steel.
  • the two pairs of impact-vibration equipments 8 were, respectively, disposed at positions of 22.5 m and 24.0 m downstream from the meniscus 2 in the mold 3 relative to the withdrawing direction, respectively, with each lengthwise mid point of the impact effecting block 9 along the withdrawing direction being used as a measured point.
  • the length of an impact effecting surface along the withdrawing direction was 1155 mm
  • the height in a vertical direction was 135 mm
  • the mass was 500 kg.
  • An air cylinder equipment was employed in the drive mechanism 10 of the impact-vibration equipments 8.
  • the frequency of the impact vibration on the short sides of the slab 7 was set to 4 to 6 Hz, i.e. 4 to 6 times of impacting per second.
  • the solid fraction at the central portion in a thickness-wise direction of the slab 7 was calculated from the uni-directional heat transfer calculation in a thickness-wise direction of slab with the casting velocity and the amount of secondary cooling water being as main parameters, and based on the result thereof, the conditions for achieving a predetermined solid fraction at the central portion in a thickness-wise direction at an impacting position were obtained. Then, continuous casting was performed at the conditions while impacting the short sides of the rectangular slab.
  • Estimation of the internal quality of the slab obtained by the continuous casting performed while impacting short sides of the rectangular slab was carried out by estimating the status of the center porosity generation.
  • the generation status of the center porosity was estimated by the following method. Taking into consideration the accuracy of the measurement of specific gravity, the specimen for calculation of the specific volume of center porosity sampled from a slab was made a rectangular solid with a length of 50 mm (thickness-wise direction of slab), width of 100 mm (width-wise direction of slab), and thickness of 7 mm (withdrawing direction of slab), and the surface finish was made based on JIS Standard for Surface Roughness to the surface roughness represented by triangle mark ⁇ : maximum surface roughness of 3.2 ⁇ m.
  • the generation status of the center porosity was estimated from the specific volume of the center porosity calculated from the density at the central portion in a thickness-wise direction, while the density at a position of one-fourth of the thickness in a thickness-wise direction (hereinafter also referred to as "one-fourth thickness position") from the surface of the slab being a reference since no significant generation of center porosity should occur there.
  • the specific volume of center porosity Vp was defined by the following formula (1) using the average density ⁇ 0 at the one-fourth thickness position and the average density ⁇ in the central portion in a thickness-wise direction. Vp ⁇ 1 / ⁇ ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 0
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a slab, showing sampling positions of specimens for calculating specific volume of center porosity.
  • the average density ⁇ 0 at the one-fourth thickness position of the slab was calculated by collecting a specimen 7a at one location in each width-wise end portion of slab, totaling two, and measuring and averaging the respective densities.
  • the average density ⁇ in the central portion in a thickness-wise direction was calculated by collecting specimen 7b, 7c and 7d at three locations in a width-wise end portion of slab, totaling six, and measuring and averaging the respective densities.
  • the sampling positions are nearby the short side of slab, wherein positions at which the specimen 7a to 7d were collected were such that specimens 7a and 7b are 190 mm away from the short side of slab, specimens 7c being 320 mm therefrom, and specimen 7d being 425 mm therefrom, which represents the distance from each length-wise center of the specimen to the short side of slab, respectively.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between impact energy per side per segment and the reduction in specific volume of center porosity in a width-wise end portion of slab.
  • the reduction in specific volume of center porosity, - ⁇ Vp was calculated for each slab subjected to impacting with different impact energies, and plotted. From the relationship shown in the same graph, a relationship was confirmed in which the specific volume of the center porosity reduces at a slab width-wise end portion of the slab when the impact energy E per side per segment exceeded 25 J.
  • the regression equation for the relationship between the impact energy E per side per segment and the reduction in specific volume of center porosity, - ⁇ Vp in the same graph, the following formula (3) was yielded.
  • ⁇ ⁇ Vp cm 3 / g 0.0049347 ⁇ E J ⁇ 1.297487
  • the present inventors further studied generalization of the above-mentioned result relating to impacting the short sides of the rectangular cross sectional slab.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vibration model according to the impact of a slab with a liquid core portion, with (a) showing a plan view, and (b) showing a view from the withdrawing direction.
  • the solidified shell 5 of the slab 7 is in a state of being restrained by the guide rolls 6. In this state, the short sides of the slab 7 are impacted by the impact-vibration equipment 8.
  • the shape of the impact effecting block 9 of the impact-vibration equipment 8 was made in the form of a rectangular solid with a length a of 1200 to 1600 mm along the withdrawing direction, a thickness c of 140 mm, and a width b of 200 mm in a slab thickness-wise direction .
  • the slab 7 measures a width of 2300 mm and a thickness of 300 mm. Using such a three-dimensional model, numerical analysis was performed for displacement of the impacting surface (long side surface) of the slab 7 by vibration.
  • variable range L of displacement is adjusted by the impact energy E caused by the impact effecting block, and that the relationship thereof can be described by the following formula (a)
  • each symbol with subscript 0 indicates a representative condition.
  • L / L 0 E / E 0 0.5
  • f(t,t 0 ) represents the effective term of the thickness of the liquid core of the slab.
  • f(t,t 0 ) was assumed to be proportional to the exponent of the dimensionless value t/t 0
  • formula (c) was obtained from the experiment simulation results as one example of f function.
  • E 0 , ⁇ R 0 and t 0 are numerical values of the condition at which the center porosity reducing effect of E, ⁇ R, and t is the largest, respectively, and L 0 is a representative condition of the maximum displacement in a thickness-wise direction of the slab when the center porosity reducing effect is the largest, and each is the constant as follows (5).
  • these conditions are also referred to as Condition (5).
  • E 0 39 J
  • ⁇ R 0 245 mm
  • t 0 26 mm
  • L 0 0.114 mm
  • the present inventors found that, when the displacement ⁇ (x) in a thickness-wise direction of the slab surface (i.e., long side) at a position which is in a normal direction to the short side of slab and away from the impact position at the short side of the slab by a distance x, calculated by numerical analysis, is approximated according to the logarithmic normal distribution, it is possible to generalize as the following formula (6), using the ⁇ max of the above formula (4).
  • ⁇ x exp ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ ln x / 200 ⁇ ⁇ R / ⁇ R 0 0.587 ) 2 ⁇ ⁇ max
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between a distance from a short side impact position and displacement of the slab long side surface in a thickness-wise direction.
  • the horizontal axis in the same graph is the distance x from the impact position at the short side of the slab in a normal direction to the short side
  • the vertical axis is the dimensionless displacement in a slab thickness-wise direction of the slab surface (dimensionless value where dividing ⁇ (x) by ⁇ max to let the maximum displacement to be one (1)).
  • the open circle marks indicate values calculated according to numerical analysis
  • the solid circle marks indicate values approximated according to the logarithmic normal distribution. It is evident from the results shown in the same graph that the values calculated according to numerical analysis are precisely approximated by logarithmic normal distribution.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing a relationship between the maximum displacement ⁇ max in a thickness-wise direction of slab and the reduction in specific volume of center porosity, - ⁇ Vp.
  • the relationship shown in the same graph was prepared by seeking the relationship between ⁇ max and - ⁇ Vp from formula (3) and formula (4) while setting ⁇ R to 245 (mm) and t to 26 (mm) by adopting the Condition (5).
  • the liquid core thickness t of the slab at the impact position on the short side of the slab was calculated from heat conduction and solidification analyses for the case of the casting velocity of 0.7 m/min to be used.
  • the present inventors have found from the results of FIG. 6 that, when ⁇ max is at least 0.10 mm, the specific volume of center porosity decreases for a slab with a thickness of 300 mm and width of 2300 mm.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between the impact energy per side per segment and the reachable distance of vibration.
  • the solid circle mark in the same graph is the result, in the case of impacting while adopting Condition (5), setting the thickness of the slab to 300 mm, the impact energy E per side per segment for the short side of the slab to 40 J, showing that x* is 200 mm.
  • the curve in FIG. 7 was calculated from the above formula (7) and conditions of the solid circle mark.
  • the reachable distance of vibration x* increases 25% from 200 mm to 250 mm by increasing the impact energy E from 40 J to 65 J.
  • the impact energy E by increasing the impact energy E, a quality improvement in the central portion in a slab thickness-wise direction is possible in the vicinity of an slab width-wise end portion in which center porosity easily generates due to delayed solidification under complex casting conditions.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing a relationship between the impact energy per side per segment and the reachable distance of vibration, when the distance between shafts of adjacent guide rolls is varied.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph for the case of impacting with the same conditions as FIG. 7 , except for the distance between shafts of adjacent guide rolls ⁇ R being 245 mm or 400 mm. It is understood from the relationship shown in the same graph that the reachable distance of vibration x* increases when the distance between shafts of adjacent guide rolls ⁇ R is widened from 245 mm to 400 mm.
  • the slab width is large, and bulging between shafts of adjacent guide rolls easily occurs; therefore, it is not possible to adopt a large distance between the adjacent guide rolls ⁇ R.
  • the slab whose ratio of the long side length to the short side length is small (i.e., in such case, the slab is referred to as bloom)
  • the bloom width is narrow, and the bulging between shafts of adjacent guide rolls is little; therefore, it is possible to adopt a large distance between shafts of adjacent guide rolls ⁇ R, which is advantageous from the viewpoint of being able to obtain the effect of impacting in a wide range.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the influence of impacting each short side surface which is a width-wise end of slab.
  • the same graph defines the horizontal axis as the distance in a normal direction to the short side from the width-wise center of slab, and defines the vertical axis as the displacement ⁇ of slab surface in a thickness-wise direction of slab.
  • Calculation results are shown for cases of impacting: only the left short side that lies left with respect to the withdrawing direction of slab; only the right short side; and both short sides simultaneously, wherein the casting slab is a bloom of approximately 400 mm in width, the distance between shafts of adjacent guide rolls ⁇ R is 400 mm, and an impact energy per side per segment is 45 J.
  • the horizontal length of the territory in which the displacement ⁇ in a slab thickness-wise direction is at least 0.10 mm is approximately 300 mm, which is the slab width-wise length in a normal direction to the short side, and the displacement ⁇ cannot be made at least 0.10 mm over the entire width.
  • the displacement ⁇ can be made at least 0.10 mm over the entire width of the impact position.
  • the method of the present invention since impacting the slab short side surface causes vibration having a displacement of the long side slab surface of at least 0.10 mm over a wide range of the slab, the segregation and/or center porosity is reduced, and thus a slab excelling in interior quality can be obtained. Therefore, the method of the present invention can be widely applied as a continuous casting method of casting slabs of preferable internal quality.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
EP09834617.4A 2008-12-25 2009-10-28 Continuous casting method of steel Not-in-force EP2371468B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09834617T PL2371468T3 (pl) 2008-12-25 2009-10-28 Sposób ciągłego odlewania stali

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008330188A JP5272720B2 (ja) 2008-12-25 2008-12-25 鋼の連続鋳造方法
PCT/JP2009/068462 WO2010073813A1 (ja) 2008-12-25 2009-10-28 鋼の連続鋳造方法

Publications (3)

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EP2371468A1 EP2371468A1 (en) 2011-10-05
EP2371468A4 EP2371468A4 (en) 2017-05-17
EP2371468B1 true EP2371468B1 (en) 2018-10-17

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EP09834617.4A Not-in-force EP2371468B1 (en) 2008-12-25 2009-10-28 Continuous casting method of steel

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EP (1) EP2371468B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5272720B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR101271331B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN102264490B (ja)
ES (1) ES2702700T3 (ja)
PL (1) PL2371468T3 (ja)
TW (1) TWI406721B (ja)
WO (1) WO2010073813A1 (ja)

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JP5360086B2 (ja) * 2011-02-08 2013-12-04 新日鐵住金株式会社 非磁性鋼の連続鋳造を用いた製造方法
JP5926161B2 (ja) * 2012-10-16 2016-05-25 トヨタ自動車株式会社 引上式連続鋳造装置及び引上式連続鋳造方法
PL3012043T3 (pl) * 2013-06-20 2018-07-31 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Sposób ciągłego odlewania kęsisk płaskich
CN103464704A (zh) * 2013-09-11 2013-12-25 钢铁研究总院 一种连铸坯用的震动锤装置及使用方法
JP6249099B2 (ja) * 2014-06-27 2017-12-20 新日鐵住金株式会社 連続鋳造機の操業方法
JP6365060B2 (ja) * 2014-07-24 2018-08-01 新日鐵住金株式会社 スラブ鋳片の連続鋳造方法
CN108526423A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-09-14 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 一种改善连铸过程凝固中后期固液两相区流动性的方法、铸坯质量的控制方法及装置
CN108500226A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-09-07 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 一种抑制柱状晶生长的连铸凝固过程控制方法

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Publication number Publication date
EP2371468A1 (en) 2011-10-05
WO2010073813A1 (ja) 2010-07-01
PL2371468T3 (pl) 2019-05-31
TWI406721B (zh) 2013-09-01
EP2371468A4 (en) 2017-05-17
TW201026410A (en) 2010-07-16
KR101271331B1 (ko) 2013-06-04
KR20110084540A (ko) 2011-07-25
CN102264490A (zh) 2011-11-30
ES2702700T3 (es) 2019-03-05
CN102264490B (zh) 2013-01-09
JP5272720B2 (ja) 2013-08-28
JP2010149150A (ja) 2010-07-08

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