Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
  • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
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  • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
  • C10M125/20—Compounds containing nitrogen
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M141/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
  • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
  • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
  • C10M2201/083—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen nitrites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/18—Ammonia
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
  • C10M2207/0225—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
  • C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
  • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
  • C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
  • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/62—Food grade properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Definitions

• Hydraulic fluids are used as a power transmitting medium for a variety of practical applications. These hydraulic fluids must meet stringent performance criteria, such as thermal stability, fire resistance, low susceptibility to viscosity changes over a wide range of temperatures, good hydrolytic stability, and good lubricity.
• the W/G-based hydraulic fluids contain significant amounts of water.
• the water level in some fluids can be as high as 60%, by weight, and typically is at least 35%, by weight.
• the presence of a high percentage of water in the fluid when heated to operating temperatures of 150 0 F or higher in a hydraulic system and in the presence of air/oxygen, creates ideal conditions for corrosion of metal parts made of non-stainless steel or cast iron.
• VPC inorganic vapor phase corrosion
• the present invention is directed to W/G-based hydraulic fluids that inhibit the vapor phase corrosion of exposed metal surfaces. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a W/G-based hydraulic fluid comprising an ammonium salt as a VPC inhibitor.
• the present fluids are suitable for use in food-related applications. Prior W/G-based hydraulic fluids used in food-related applications did not contain a VPC inhibitor, and therefore lacked an important performance property. The present W/G-based hydraulic fluids overcome this unsolved problem.
• Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method of inhibiting, retarding, or preventing the vapor phase corrosion of exposed metal surfaces caused by a hydraulic fluid comprising incorporating an effective amount, e.g., about 0.05% to about 1%, by weight, of an ammonium salt in a W/G-based hydraulic fluid.
• Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a W/G-based hydraulic fluid comprising:
• Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a W/G-based hydraulic fluid having a reserve alkalinity of at least about 20 nil. in order to extend the useful life of the hydraulic fluid.
• the present invention is directed to W/G-based hydraulic fluids.
• W/G-based fluids are widely used because they are fire resistant.
• a present W/G-based hydraulic fluid can be used in a variety of practical applications, especially including food related applications.
• exposed metal surfaces resist vapor phase corrosion caused by evaporation of W/G-based hydraulic fluid at elevated operating temperatures.
• a W/G-based hydraulic fluid that is "essentially free" of an ammonium salt contains less than about 0.05%, by weight, of an ammonium salt.
• Corrosion of a wide variety of metal surfaces can be inhibited, retarded, or prevented using a composition and method of the present invention.
• corrosion can be inhibited on metal surfaces, including, but not limited to, iron, titanium, aluminum, copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, chromium, magnesium, and other metals.
• the composition and method of the present invention also can be used to protect alloys such as, but not limited to, steel.
• a W/G-based hydraulic fluid of the present invention comprises: (a) about 25% to about 50%, by weight, of a glycol; (b) about 0.5% to about 8%, by weight, of a partially-neutralized aliphatic C 6 -Ci 6 carboxylic acid;
• One commercial class of polyalkylene glycol useful in the present W/G-based fluid is the PLURASAFE ® products, available from BASF Corp., Floral Park, NJ.
• An example of a useful PLURASAFE ® product is PLURASAFE ® WT 90000 H, a composition containing 60% by weight of methyl-oxirane polymer with oxirane (CAS No. 9003-11-6) and 40% by weight water.
• PLURASAFE ® WT 90000 H is approved for incidental food contact.
• Other useful PLURASAFE ® products are WS-660, WS-2000, WS-5100, WT-1400, WT-9150, and WT- 150,000. Each of these PLURASAFE ® products is approved for incidental food contact.
• a sufficient amount of a buffering alkali is present to provide a residual alkalinity of at least about 22 ml, and more preferably at least about 25 ml, up to a reserve alkalinity of about 35 ml.
• the useful life of the W/G-based fluid has sufficient buffering capabilities to maintain the pH of the fluid at about 9 or higher, e.g., about 10 to about 12, and avoid large, rapid pH fluctuations.
• the pH of the hydraulic fluid is maintained at about 9 to about 11.
• Useful buffering alkalis therefore include, but are not limited to carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, tetraborates, phosphates, and mixtures thereof.
• the buffering alkali can be added as the sodium or potassium salt, for example.
• the carrier of the W/G-based hydraulic fluid is water, which is present in an amount of about 25% to about 50%, by weight of the fluid.
• the water preferably is deionized (DI) water because calcium and magnesium ions present in potable water can react with fluid additives causing a floe or precipitate to form, and adversely effect fluid performance
• DI deionized
• water included in the W/G-hydraulic fluid should have a maximum total hardness of 5 parts pei million (ppm)
• ammonium salts tested were ammonium hydroxide, ammonium acetate, and ammonium carbonate. Each ammonium salt is listed as a food additive for human consumption.
• the first test was performed using a W/G-based hydraulic fluid, i.e., the typical example above containing 0.5%, by weight, ammonium hydroxide, about 40% propylene glycol, about 22.5% PLURASAFE ® WT-90,000 H, about 0.2% sodium carbonate, and about 3.5% partially neutralized capric acid.
• This corrosion inhibition test utilized three cast iron plates suspended over 100 ml of hydraulic fluid in a cylindrical jar. The top of the jar was covered with a cork having an opening for condensing tube.
• Table 1 shows that hydraulic fluids containing no VPC inhibitor, or containing sodium nitrite or sodium carbonate, did not pass the VPC test for 48 hours or 96 hours.
• Sodium nitrite passed the 24 hour test, but this length of time is insufficient for practical fluid applications.
• Hydraulic fluids containing ammonium hydroxide, ammonium acetate, or ammonium carbonate each passed the 96 hour VPC test.
• This VPC inhibition is attributed at least in part to volatilizing of ammonia, which imparts VPC inhibition to exposed metal surfaces.
• Tests using standard corrosion inhibitors, such as benzotriazole and polyquaternary compounds failed to impart VPC inhibition because such compounds are not volatile under the operating conditions of the hydraulic fluid.
• the reserve alkalinity is increased to greater than 20 ml by the addition of a buffering alkali.
• Reserve alkalinity is important to increase the useful life of the fluid. Hydraulic fluids having a low reserve alkalinity start exhibiting high wear in a shorter period of time.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-08-21 CA CA2735223A patent/CA2735223A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-08-21 WO PCT/US2009/054643 patent/WO2010027707A2/en active Application Filing
  • 2009-08-21 CN CN2009801350917A patent/CN102137919A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-08-21 EP EP09771619A patent/EP2331666A2/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-08-21 JP JP2011525112A patent/JP5425202B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-08-21 KR KR1020117007153A patent/KR20110059737A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-08-25 US US12/547,080 patent/US20100056406A1/en not_active Abandoned

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